Pneumatic solenoid valve, vehicle compressed air system and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a pneumatic solenoid valve (10), in particular for a compressed air system (30) of a vehicle (50), comprising an electromechanical actuator unit (11) with an energizable coil, a magnetic core (12) and a movable armature (13), a valve housing (14) with a first compressed air connection (15) forming a compressed air inlet and a second compressed air connection (16) forming a compressed air outlet, a valve chamber (17) with a valve seat (18) on the first compressed air connection (15), wherein the valve seat (18) can be closed by means of a sealing element (19) arranged on the armature (13), wherein the electromechanical actuator unit (11) has an armature guide (20) in which the armature (13) is translationally movable, wherein the armature guide (20) is movably arranged in the valve housing (14) and is connected to the magnetic core (12), and wherein the pneumatic solenoid valve (10) is designed towhen the coil is energized, a first partial stroke (H1) of the armature (13) for lifting the sealing element (19) from the valve seat (18) and by a compressed air flow (L, ein ) to effect a lifting movement of the armature guide (20) and the magnetic core (12) with a resulting second partial stroke (H2) of the armature (13). The invention further relates to a vehicle compressed air system (30) and a vehicle (50) with a compressed air system (30).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a pneumatic solenoid valve, in particular for a compressed air system of a vehicle. The invention further relates to a vehicle compressed air system having such a pneumatic solenoid valve and to a vehicle having a compressed air system comprising such a pneumatic solenoid valve.

[0002] DE 10 2011 078 102 A1 describes an electromagnetically actuated seat valve with a sealing element, a movable magnet armature interacting with the sealing element, and an electrically energizable coil. An additional stop is provided for the magnet armature, against which the magnet armature rests as long as the sealing element is in the closed position. In the closed position, the magnet armature rests against the sealing element, thus creating the sealing effect.

[0003] According to the features of independent claim 1, a pneumatic solenoid valve, in particular for a compressed air system of a vehicle, is proposed, comprising an electromechanical actuator unit with an energizable coil, a magnetic core and a movable armature, a valve housing with a first compressed air connection forming a compressed air inlet and a second compressed air connection forming a compressed air outlet, as well as a valve chamber with a valve seat on the first compressed air connection, wherein the valve seat can be closed by means of a sealing element arranged on the armature, wherein the electromechanical actuator unit has an armature guide in which the armature is translationally movable, wherein the armature guide is movably arranged in the valve housing and is connected to the magnetic core, and wherein the pneumatic solenoid valve is designed toWhen the coil is energized, a first partial stroke of the armature is effected to lift the sealing element from the valve seat and, by means of a compressed air flow flowing in at the first compressed air connection, a lifting movement of the armature guide and the magnetic core with a resulting second partial stroke of the armature.

[0004] In other words, a solenoid valve is proposed in which an electromagnetically induced lifting movement of the armature can be pneumatically amplified by a compressed air flow through a movable armature guide in order to increase an effective opening of the solenoid valve.

[0005] The proposed pneumatic solenoid valve has the advantage of providing a self-amplifying solenoid valve in which comparatively large stroke movements can be generated with low electromagnetic forces and large opening widths of the solenoid valve can be achieved. The pneumatic self-amplification increases the efficiency and performance of the solenoid valve. The solenoid valve can be operated effectively with low electrical currents and therefore with low electrical energy consumption. Compared with conventional solenoid valves, a lower electromagnetic force is required for the same effective opening, or a larger effective opening can be achieved with a comparable electromagnetic force. The compressed air flow used to amplify the actuation of the solenoid valve is already available as the working fluid to be controlled and does not need to be provided separately.The proposed pneumatic solenoid valve also has a simple and robust design.

[0006] A pneumatic solenoid valve can be understood as an electromagnetically actuated valve for controlling compressed air flows. The pneumatic solenoid valve can be configured to selectively open and close compressed air lines. The pneumatic solenoid valve can be designed as a seat valve, i.e., a valve in which the compressed air connections can be connected or disconnected by placing and removing a sealing element on or from a valve seat.

[0007] Vehicles, especially commercial vehicles, can have compressed air systems, which can be designed, for example, as pneumatic compressed air systems such as pneumatic braking systems, transmission automation, or air suspension systems. Pneumatic solenoid valves can be used in such compressed air systems, for example, to open and shut off compressed air lines. Furthermore, the solenoid valve could also be used as a vent valve to vent a compressed air line into the vehicle's surroundings or as a ventilation valve to ventilate a diaphragm cylinder.

[0008] Due to their fast response, solenoid valves offer advantages when used in pneumatic systems requiring a short reaction time. However, solenoid valves can have high power requirements for larger armature strokes required to achieve large opening widths. This can limit their use in mobile devices such as vehicles. The proposed solenoid valve, whose armature stroke can be pneumatically amplified by a compressed air flow entering the solenoid valve, can advantageously expand and optimize the use of solenoid valves in vehicles.

[0009] An electromechanical actuator unit can be understood as a solenoid valve assembly for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy. The electromechanical actuator unit comprises an energizable coil, a magnetic core, and a movable armature. Furthermore, the magnetic core can be movably arranged in the solenoid valve housing to enable the second partial stroke of the armature, described in more detail below, in which the magnetic core, together with the armature guide and the electromagnetically attracted armature, are lifted together. The coil can surround the magnetic core. By energizing the coil, an electromagnetic field can be generated, which is guided and amplified by the magnetic core. The electromagnetic field exerts a magnetic force of attraction on the movable armature, causing it to be displaced toward the magnetic core.If the coil is no longer energized, the electromagnetic field is no longer present, and the movable armature is returned to its original position, for example, with the assistance of a spring force. Accordingly, by energizing the coil, the actuator unit can be activated to move the armature to an open position, and by de-energizing the coil, the actuator unit can be deactivated to move the armature to a closed position. Thus, the solenoid valve can be designed as a normally closed solenoid valve.

[0010] The valve housing has a first compressed air connection and a second compressed air connection. The first compressed air connection is provided as the compressed air inlet and the second compressed air connection as the compressed air outlet. During operation of the solenoid valve, a higher pressure is provided at the compressed air inlet than at the compressed air outlet, so that a compressed air flow through the solenoid valve is directed from the compressed air inlet to the compressed air outlet when the solenoid valve is actuated. According to various embodiments, the solenoid valve can be designed for a working pressure at the second compressed air connection that is equal to or greater than atmospheric pressure. The valve seat of the solenoid valve, which can be closed by means of a sealing element fastened to the armature, is arranged on the first compressed air connection, in particular at its mouth area into the valve chamber.

[0011] A valve chamber is defined as a cavity in the valve housing of the solenoid valve through which compressed air can flow and which is designed to fluidly connect the first compressed air connection to the second compressed air connection. The solenoid valve may have additional cavities, for example, a receiving chamber (explained below) for accommodating the magnetic core during its displacement.

[0012] According to the proposed features, the electromechanical actuator unit has an armature guide in which the armature is translationally movable. The armature guide can, for example, be a housing-like guide component radially surrounding the armature, in the interior of which the armature is translationally displaceable in a defined manner on an inner wall surface of the armature guide. The armature guide is arranged in the valve housing in a translationally movable manner and can be raised by a compressed air stream flowing into the valve chamber and lowered again in the event of a pressure drop, in particular with spring force assistance. The armature guide is connected to the magnetic core, for example in a materially bonded and / or positively bonded manner, so that a movement of the armature guide can be directly transferred to the magnetic core and a displacement of the armature guide can result in a displacement of the magnetic core.By pneumatically generating movement of the armature guide by means of a compressed air flow flowing into the first compressed air connection, the armature of the electromagnetic actuator unit, which is electromagnetically attracted by the magnetic core, can be moved not only by energizing the coil, but also, in its attracted state, by the movement of the magnetic core in interaction with the armature guide. This allows the stroke movement of the armature to be increased without additional electrical energy requirements, and the opening width of the solenoid valve in the valve chamber to be increased.

[0013] The pneumatic solenoid valve is designed to cause a first partial stroke of the armature to lift the sealing element from the valve seat when the coil is energized. The first partial stroke can be small in relation to an inlet diameter of the first compressed air connection on the valve chamber. For example, the inlet diameter can be at least twice, at least five times, or at least ten times the distance of the first partial stroke. The incoming compressed air flow as a result of the lifting of the sealing element leads to a pressure buildup in or on the armature guide, which, when a design-specified minimum pressure is exceeded, leads to a displacement of the armature guide and the magnetic core connected to it, with a resulting second partial stroke of the armature electromagnetically attracted to the magnetic core.The first partial stroke and the second partial stroke of the armature can result in a total stroke of the armature, which can correspond to a maximum opening width of the solenoid valve between the valve seat and the sealing element.

[0014] The solenoid valve can further be designed to first displace the armature with the sealing element back in the direction of the valve seat, in particular with the aid of spring force, when the coil is de-energized due to the absence of the electromagnetic field, before pressure equalization with regard to the valve chamber and armature guide takes place via the second compressed air connection, so that the armature guide can be displaced back into its initial position due to the associated pressure drop, in particular with the aid of spring force.

[0015] According to one embodiment, the pneumatic solenoid valve can be designed such that the second partial stroke of the armature, which can be effected by means of the compressed air flow flowing in at the first compressed air connection, is greater than the first partial stroke of the armature, which can be effected by energizing the coil. For example, the second partial stroke can be at least twice or at least three times as large as the first partial stroke. Accordingly, the second partial stroke can provide a major portion of the opening movement, and the force acting pneumatically on the armature guide can have a greater lifting effect on the armature than the electromagnetic force. Accordingly, in the proposed embodiment, the second partial stroke can be regarded as the main stroke of the armature, which is generated pneumatically and thus reduces the power required by the solenoid valve to actuate it.

[0016] According to one embodiment, the armature guide can be designed to rest on a valve housing surface surrounding the valve seat in an initial position and to receive the incoming compressed air flow in an internal volume of the armature guide. An initial position of the armature guide can refer to a closed state of the solenoid valve, in which the coil is not energized and the sealing element of the armature closes the valve seat. The armature guide can be designed to be open in the direction of the valve housing surface surrounding the valve seat. The armature guide can have a cross-sectional widening in the region of the valve chamber, so that the armature is spaced from an inner wall surface of the armature guide in the region of the valve chamber.A compressed air flow flowing in when the sealing element is lifted by a first partial stroke of the armature can therefore flow into an interior space of the armature guide and displace the armature guide in the direction of the magnetic core via a compressive force acting on an inner wall surface of the armature guide. Because the armature guide is initially filled with the incoming compressed air flow to build up pressure before a lifting movement of the armature guide occurs upon reaching a design-specified minimum pressure, the incoming compressed air flow cannot flow out to the second compressed air connection during the pressure build-up. Accordingly, according to the described embodiment, a blocking of the second compressed air connection by the wall of the armature guide can be ensured until the desired minimum pressure is reached, and a rapid pressure build-up for displacing the armature guide can be enabled.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the valve seat can be raised relative to a plane of the valve housing surface surrounding the valve seat. For example, the valve seat can rise conically from the plane of the valve housing surface. A raised valve seat can promote targeted airflow guidance of the compressed air flow into the valve chamber or the armature guide to effect the second partial stroke of the armature. This promotes the necessary pressure buildup at or in the armature guide, and reliably prevents compressed air from flowing to the second compressed air connection.

[0018] According to one embodiment, the pneumatic solenoid valve can be designed as a 2 / 2-way valve. This allows for a solenoid valve with a simple design, cost-effective production, and high efficiency. As a 2 / 2-way valve, the pneumatic solenoid valve can have precisely one compressed air inlet and one compressed air outlet, as well as an open and a closed switching state.

[0019] According to one embodiment, the pneumatic solenoid valve can have a reset element for resetting the magnetic core and the armature guide. This enables simple and efficient resetting of the magnetic core and the armature guide to close the solenoid valve. The reset element can, for example, be arranged on a side of the magnetic core facing away from the armature. Furthermore, the reset element can act as a prestressing element on the magnetic core and the armature guide connected to it and can support a sealing fit of the armature guide on the valve housing surface by means of spring force. The reset element can, for example, be a compression spring acting on the magnetic core, which, due to the connection between the magnetic core and the armature guide, additionally acts on the armature guide via the magnetic core.Due to the pressure force on the magnetic core and the armature guide, these can be quickly moved to their respective starting positions by means of spring force assistance when the coil is de-energized.

[0020] According to one embodiment, the pneumatic solenoid valve can have a reset device arranged in the armature guide for resetting the armature. This can efficiently assist the resetting of the armature when the coil is de-energized. Furthermore, the reset device can act as a preloading element on the armature and the sealing element and promote a sealing fit of the sealing element on the valve seat by means of spring force. The reset device can, for example, be a compression spring acting on the armature. The compression spring can, for example, be wound around the armature and supported on an inner wall surface or a projection of the armature guide.

[0021] According to one embodiment, a receiving space for receiving the magnetic core during a lifting movement of the armature guide and the magnetic core can be arranged on a side of the magnetic core facing away from the armature. The receiving space can be a cavity into which the magnetic core can be displaced during a lifting movement, thus enabling or facilitating its translational movement in the valve housing. Furthermore, the above-described reset element for resetting the magnetic core and the armature guide can be arranged in the receiving space. The receiving space can form a counter-volume to the valve chamber.

[0022] According to one embodiment, the receiving space can be connected to the atmosphere through a vent opening. A solenoid valve according to this embodiment can be used in particular for applications in which a working pressure that essentially corresponds to atmospheric pressure is applied to the second pressure connection. For example, such a solenoid valve can be designed as a vent valve. Due to the receiving space connected to a vent opening, an air volume present in the receiving space can be displaced during an upward movement of the magnetic core and the armature guide in the valve housing, such that the displacement of the magnetic core and the armature guide is facilitated and pressure equalization is possible during movements of the magnetic core and the armature guide. In addition, a simple pressure build-up in the solenoid valve is enabled.Compared to embodiments in which the magnetic core has a central bore, as explained in more detail below, the embodiment described here is also associated with a simple structure of the magnetic core.

[0023] According to an alternative embodiment, the receiving space can be closed and the magnetic core can have a continuous central bore. A solenoid valve according to this embodiment can be used in particular for applications in which a working pressure above atmospheric pressure is applied to the second pressure connection. The closed receiving space can enable a pressure build-up in the receiving space during a lifting movement of the magnetic core, which, when the current is subsequently de-energized, promotes movement of the armature guide and the magnetic core due to pressure equalization via the central bore of the magnetic core. According to a further development of the embodiment, the receiving space can have a channel-shaped volume expansion running in the direction of movement of the magnetic core, wherein the receiving space can merge into the volume expansion with a reduction in cross-section.By expanding the volume, excessive pressure build-up during a lifting movement of the magnetic core, which could counteract this, can be avoided.

[0024] According to one embodiment, a receiving chamber for receiving the armature guide during a lifting movement of the armature guide and the magnetic core can be arranged adjacent to the valve chamber. This provides a separate cavity for receiving the raised armature guide. The receiving chamber can be formed by a chamber extension of the valve chamber dimensioned to match the armature guide. If the armature guide has, for example, a stepped cross-sectional extension, the receiving chamber can have a stop for limiting a lifting movement of the armature guide in the region of its stepped cross-sectional extension. In addition, the armature guide can have a sealing means, for example a sealing ring, for sealing the receiving chamber from the valve chamber.

[0025] The invention also relates to a vehicle compressed air system with a pneumatic solenoid valve according to one of the features described above. The vehicle compressed air system can, for example, form a pneumatic compressed air system such as a pneumatic braking system, a transmission automation system, or an air suspension system. The pneumatic solenoid valve can be configured to selectively enable and block compressed air flows. According to exemplary embodiments, the pneumatic solenoid valve can be designed as a vent valve or as a ventilation valve for venting or ventilating a diaphragm cylinder. The proposed vehicle compressed air system has, among other advantages, that the described pneumatic solenoid valve enables effective control of even larger compressed air flows with low electrical energy consumption, so that the vehicle compressed air system can be operated efficiently and with high performance.Due to the simple and robust design of the pneumatic solenoid valve, the proposed vehicle compressed air system also requires little manufacturing and maintenance effort.

[0026] The invention also relates to a vehicle with a compressed air system comprising a pneumatic solenoid valve according to one of the above-described features. The vehicle can, in particular, be a commercial vehicle, for example a tractor unit such as a semi-trailer or a trailer unit such as a semi-trailer. Due to their transport tasks, commercial vehicles can have pneumatic compressed air systems with a high compressed air demand and high demands on the response times of the pneumatic components, so that a vehicle with a compressed air system comprising a pneumatic solenoid valve according to one of the above-described features can achieve increased advantages with regard to the implementation of large compressed air flows with low energy consumption.In principle, however, it is also conceivable that the vehicle is designed as a passenger car with a compressed air system such as an air suspension system, which can advantageously have a pneumatic solenoid valve according to the proposed features.

[0027] In general, unless explicitly defined otherwise, the words “ein / eine” are not to be understood as numbers, but as indefinite articles with the literal meaning of “at least one”.

[0028] The invention permits various embodiments and is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings. They show schematically: Fig. 1a-1d show sectional views of a pneumatic solenoid valve according to a first embodiment in different states during activation and deactivation of the solenoid valve; Fig. 2a-2d show sectional views of a pneumatic solenoid valve according to a second embodiment in different states during activation and deactivation of the solenoid valve; Fig. 3 a schematic diagram of a vehicle with a compressed air system having a pneumatic solenoid valve in a side view.

[0029] The Fig. 1a to 1d each show a sectional view of a pneumatic solenoid valve 10 according to a first embodiment. The pneumatic solenoid valve 10, which is normally closed according to the illustrated embodiment, is designed to control compressed air flows and is constructed as a seat valve. The pneumatic solenoid valve 10 has an electromechanical actuator unit 11 with a magnetic core 12, a movable armature 13, and an energizable coil (not shown in detail for reasons of clarity). The energizable coil can surround the magnetic core 12 and be configured to generate an electromagnetic field when energized. The magnetic core 12 is movably arranged in the valve housing 14.

[0030] The pneumatic solenoid valve 10 further comprises a valve housing 14 with a first compressed air connection 15 and a second compressed air connection 16, wherein the first compressed air connection 15 forms a compressed air inlet and the second compressed air connection 16 forms a compressed air outlet. A compressed air flow flowing through the solenoid valve 10 can be referred to as an incoming compressed air flow L ein enter the compressed air inlet and via the compressed air outlet as outgoing compressed air flow L aus The pneumatic solenoid valve 10 further comprises a valve chamber 17 with a valve seat 18 at the first compressed air connection 15, wherein the valve seat 18 can be closed by means of a sealing element 19 arranged on the armature 13. The valve chamber 17 is configured to establish a fluidic connection between the first compressed air connection 15 and the second compressed air connection 16 when the pneumatic solenoid valve 10 is in the open state.

[0031] In addition to the energizable coil, the magnetic core 12, and the movable armature 13, the electromechanical actuator unit 11 has an armature guide 20 in which the armature 13 is translationally movable. The armature guide 20 radially surrounds the armature 13, wherein the armature 13 is translationally displaceable in a defined manner on an inner wall surface of the armature guide 20. The armature guide 20 is connected to the magnetic core 12 and is designed to be movable in the valve housing 14, in particular in the region of the valve chamber 17. In particular, the armature guide 20 can be configured for a translational movement in the valve housing 14, which, due to the connection between the armature guide 20 and the magnetic core 12, can be transmitted to the magnetic core 12 and to the armature 13, which is electromagnetically attracted upon activation of the pneumatic solenoid valve 10.

[0032] As shown by the Fig. 1a to 1d and the Fig. 2a to 2d, the pneumatic solenoid valve 10 is designed to generate a current when the coil is energized, for example in the Fig. 1a and Fig. 2a, the first partial stroke H1 of the armature 13 for lifting the sealing element 19 from the valve seat 18 and by a compressed air flow L flowing in at the first compressed air connection 15 ein a lifting movement of the armature guide 20 and the magnetic core 12 with a resulting, for example, in the Fig. 1c and Fig. 2c. This provides a self-amplifying pneumatic solenoid valve 10 with high efficiency and performance. The pneumatic solenoid valve 10 can be operated with low electrical currents, whereby the pneumatic amplification allows for an increased effective opening of the solenoid valve 10. Furthermore, the pneumatic solenoid valve 10 has a simple and robust design.

[0033] According to the examples shown in the Fig. 1a to 1d and Fig. 2a to 2d is the compressed air flow L flowing in at the first compressed air connection 15 einThe second partial stroke H2 of the armature 13, which can be effected by energizing the coil, is greater than the first partial stroke H1 of the armature 13, for example, at least three times as large. As a result, the second partial stroke H2 can be regarded as the main stroke of the armature 13, which is generated pneumatically and thus reduces the power requirement of the solenoid valve 10 for its actuation. In addition, the first partial stroke H1 can be small in relation to an inlet diameter d of the first compressed air connection 15 on the valve chamber 17. For example, the inlet diameter d can be at least twice, at least five times, or at least ten times as large as the distance of the first partial stroke H1. Furthermore, the armature guide 20, according to the illustrated first and second embodiments, is designed to sit in an initial position on a valve housing surface 14a surrounding the valve seat 18 and to guide the incoming compressed air flow L einin an internal volume 20a of the armature guide 20. The armature guide 20 is open in the direction of the valve housing surface 14a surrounding the valve seat 18 and has a cross-sectional widening in the region of the valve chamber 17. A compressed air flow L flowing in when the sealing element 19 is lifted off by a first partial stroke H1 of the armature 13 ein can flow into the inner volume 20a of the armature guide 20 and displace the armature guide 20 via a compressive force acting on an inner wall surface of the armature guide 20.

[0034] The Fig. 1c and Fig. 2c shows that the valve seat 18 is raised relative to a plane E of the valve housing surface 14a surrounding the valve seat 18, so that a targeted air flow guidance in the direction of the inner volume 20a of the armature guide 20 is achievable. Furthermore, as the Fig. 1a to 1d and the Fig. 2a to 2d, the illustrated pneumatic solenoid valve 10 according to the first and second embodiment is designed as a 2 / 2-way valve, so that exactly one compressed air inlet and one compressed air outlet as well as one open and one closed switching state of the correspondingly simple and robustly constructed solenoid valve 10 are provided.

[0035] As in the Fig. 1a to 1d and Fig. As can be seen in Figures 2a to 2d, the pneumatic solenoid valve 10 has a return element 21 designed as a compression spring for resetting the magnetic core 12 and the armature guide 20. The return element 21 is arranged on a side of the magnetic core 12 facing away from the armature 13 and enables efficient, spring-force-assisted resetting of the magnetic core 12 and the armature guide 20 when the solenoid valve 10 is closed. Furthermore, the pneumatic solenoid valve 10 has a return device 22 designed as a compression spring, arranged in the armature guide 20, for resetting the armature 13, by means of which a resetting of the armature 13 when the coil is de-energized can be efficiently supported with spring force. The compression spring is wound around the armature 13 and is supported on a projection of the armature guide 20.

[0036] In the pneumatic solenoid valve 10 according to the first and second embodiments, a receiving space 23 for receiving the magnetic core 12 during a lifting movement of the armature guide 20 and the magnetic core 12 is arranged on a side of the magnetic core 12 facing away from the armature 13. The magnetic core 12 can be displaced into the receiving space 23 when the armature guide 20 is moved translationally. Furthermore, the return element 21 is arranged in the receiving space 23.

[0037] Like the Fig. As can be seen from Figures 1a to 1d, according to the first embodiment of the pneumatic solenoid valve 10, the receiving chamber 23 is connected to the atmosphere A surrounding the pneumatic solenoid valve 10 through a vent opening 24. The pneumatic solenoid valve 10 according to the first embodiment is therefore particularly suitable for applications in which a working pressure that essentially corresponds to atmospheric pressure is applied to the second pressure connection 16. The solenoid valve 10 according to the first embodiment can be used, for example, as a vent valve.Through the receiving chamber 23, which is connected to a vent opening 24, an air volume present in the receiving chamber 23 can be displaced during an upward movement of the magnetic core 12 and the armature guide 20 in the valve housing 14, thus facilitating the displacement of the magnetic core 12 and the armature guide 20 and enabling pressure equalization during movements of the magnetic core 12 and the armature guide 20. Furthermore, a simple pressure buildup in the solenoid valve 10 is enabled.

[0038] Furthermore, in the Fig. 1a to 1d and in the Fig. 2a to 2d show that, according to the exemplary embodiments shown, a receiving chamber 27 for receiving the armature guide 20 during a lifting movement of the armature guide 20 and the magnetic core 12 is arranged adjacent to the valve chamber 17. This provides a separate cavity for receiving the raised armature guide 20. The armature guide 20 further has a stepped cross-sectional widening that can strike a stop 28 of the receiving chamber 27, so that the lifting movement of the armature guide 20 is structurally defined and limited. In addition, the armature guide 20 has a sealing ring 26 for sealing the receiving chamber 27 from the valve chamber 17.

[0039] Based on the Fig. 1a to 1d show the various states of the pneumatic solenoid valve 10 during its activation and deactivation. The operation of the pneumatic solenoid valve 10 according to the first embodiment is explained in more detail below.

[0040] In Fig. 1a, the coil of the electromechanical actuator unit 11 is energized. As a result, the armature 13 is electromagnetically attracted by the magnetic core 12 and undergoes a first partial stroke H1, which leads to a lifting of the sealing element 19 from the valve seat 18, so that compressed air present at the first compressed air connection 15 flows as an incoming compressed air flow L ein can flow in. In Fig. 1b it can be seen that the incoming compressed air flow L ein an internal volume 20a of the armature guide 20 is increasingly filled, so that a pressure build-up is realized. If the increasing pressure in the armature guide 20 exceeds a design-specified minimum pressure, the armature guide 20 is closed as shown in Fig. 1c and displaced into the receiving chamber 27. Due to the magnetic core 12 being connected to the armature guide 20, this is also lifted and displaced into the receiving chamber 21. In the process, a volume of air in the receiving chamber 21 is displaced into the atmosphere A via the vent opening 24. The armature 13, which is electromagnetically attracted by the magnetic core 12, also completes the lifting movement, resulting in a second partial stroke H2 of the armature 13 in the valve chamber 17. The maximum opening width of the solenoid valve 10 is reached, and a fluidic connection is established between the first compressed air connection 15 and the second compressed air connection 16, so that the incoming compressed air flow L ein via the second compressed air connection 16 as outflowing compressed air flow L aus can be discharged into the atmosphere A. In Fig. 1d, the coil is de-energized, so that the armature 13, with the assistance of the reset device 22, is displaced back toward the valve seat 18, and the sealing element 19 can close the valve seat 18. The compressed air still present in the armature guide 20 and the valve chamber 17 is essentially vented until pressure equalization occurs, whereby the armature guide 20 and the magnetic core 12 are returned to their original position with the assistance of the reset element 21.

[0041] The Fig. 2a to 2d each show a sectional view of a pneumatic solenoid valve 10 according to a second embodiment. The pneumatic solenoid valve 10 according to the second embodiment is fundamentally comparable in its general structure and mode of operation to the pneumatic solenoid valve 10 according to the first embodiment. However, as can be seen from the Fig. 2a to 2d, according to the second embodiment of the pneumatic solenoid valve 10, the receiving chamber 23 is closed and the magnetic core 12 has a through-hole central bore 25. A solenoid valve 10 according to the second embodiment is particularly suitable for applications in which a working pressure above atmospheric pressure is applied to the second pressure connection 16. The closed receiving chamber 23 enables pressure to build up in the receiving chamber 23 during a lifting movement of the magnetic core 12, which pressure supports the resetting of the armature 13 by pressure equalization via the central bore 25 of the magnetic core 12 when the coil is de-energized. To facilitate the upward movement of the magnetic core 12 into the receiving chamber 23, the receiving chamber 23 has a channel-shaped volume expansion 29 with a reduced cross-section compared to the receiving chamber 23.

[0042] Based on the Fig. 2a to 2d show the various states of the pneumatic solenoid valve 10 during its activation and deactivation, the operation of the pneumatic solenoid valve 10 according to the second embodiment is explained in more detail below.

[0043] In Fig. 2a, the coil of the electromechanical actuator unit 11 is energized. As a result, the armature 13 is electromagnetically attracted by the magnetic core 12 and undergoes a first partial stroke H1, which leads to a lifting of the sealing element 19 from the valve seat 18, so that compressed air present at the first compressed air connection 15 flows as an incoming compressed air flow L ein can flow in. In Fig. 2b it can be seen that the incoming compressed air flow L ein an internal volume 20a of the armature guide 20 is increasingly filled, so that a pressure build-up is realized. If the increasing pressure in the armature guide 20 exceeds a design-specified minimum pressure, the armature guide 20 is closed as shown in Fig. 2c and displaced into the receiving chamber 27. Due to the magnetic core 12 being connected to the armature guide 20, this is also lifted and displaced into the receiving chamber 23. Pressure builds up in the receiving chamber 23 by compressing an air volume contained in the receiving chamber 23. The armature 13, which is electromagnetically attracted by the magnetic core 12, also completes the lifting movement, resulting in a second partial stroke H2 of the armature 13 in the valve chamber 17. The maximum opening width of the solenoid valve 10 is reached, and a fluidic connection is established between the first compressed air connection 15 and the second compressed air connection 16, so that the incoming compressed air flow L ein via the second compressed air connection 16 as outflowing compressed air flow L aus can be discharged into the atmosphere A. In Fig. 2d, the coil is de-energized, so that the armature 13, with the assistance of the reset device 22 and the pressure built up in the receiving chamber 23, which can act on the armature 13 via the central bore 25 in the magnetic core 12, is displaced back toward the valve seat 18, and the sealing element 19 can close the valve seat 18. The compressed air still present in the armature guide 20 and the valve chamber 17 is essentially vented until pressure equalization occurs, whereby the armature guide 20 and the magnetic core 12 are displaced back to their original position with the assistance of the reset element 21.

[0044] The above-described pneumatic solenoid valves 10 can be advantageously used in compressed air systems 30 of vehicles 50. Fig.3 shows a simplified schematic diagram of a vehicle 50 with a compressed air system 30 having a pneumatic solenoid valve 10, in a side view. The vehicle 50 is depicted as a vehicle combination comprising a towing vehicle 51 and a trailer 52. According to the exemplary embodiment shown, the compressed air system 30 is designed as a pneumatic braking system. The compressed air system 30 is supplied with compressed air via compressed air lines 31 by a compressed air supply device 40, which may, for example, comprise a compressor 41 and a controller 42. This compressed air can, for example, be temporarily stored in a compressed air reservoir 33. To decelerate the vehicle 50, compressed air brakes 32 of the vehicle 50 can be supplied with compressed air and activated via additional compressed air lines 31.The air brakes 32 have at least one pneumatic solenoid valve 10 according to the above-described features, for example, to be able to pressurize and / or vent a diaphragm cylinder of the air brakes 32. Due to the pneumatically self-reinforcing solenoid valve 10, large compressed air flows can be controlled with a short response time and low electrical energy consumption. Reference symbol (part of the description) 10 Solenoid valve 11 electromechanical actuator unit 12 magnetic core 13 anchors 14 valve housing 14a Valve housing surface 15 first compressed air connection 16 second compressed air connection 17 Valve chamber 18 Valve seat 19 Sealing element 20 Anchor guide 20a Internal volume anchor guide 21 Reset element 22 Reset device 23 Recording room 24 Ventilation opening 25 central bore 26 Sealing ring 27 Recording Chamber 28 stop 29 Volume expansion 30 compressed air system 31 Compressed air line 32 Air brake 33 compressed air storage 40 Compressed air supply device 41 Compressor 42 Control 50 vehicles 51 towing vehicle 52 trailer vehicle A atmosphere d inlet diameter E Flat valve body surface H1 first partial stroke H2 second partial stroke L ein incoming compressed air flow L aus outgoing compressed air stream QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2011 078 102 A1

[0002]

Claims

[1] Pneumatic solenoid valve (10), in particular for a compressed air system (30) of a vehicle (50), comprising - an electromechanical actuator unit (11) with an energizable coil, a magnetic core (12) and a movable armature (13), - a valve housing (14) with a first compressed air connection (15) forming a compressed air inlet and a second compressed air connection (16) forming a compressed air outlet, - a valve chamber (17) with a valve seat (18) on the first compressed air connection (15), wherein the valve seat (18) can be closed by means of a sealing element (19) arranged on the armature (13), characterized by , that - the electromechanical actuator unit (11) has an armature guide (20) in which the armature (13) is translationally movable, wherein the armature guide (20) is movably arranged in the valve housing (14) and is connected to the magnetic core (12), and - the pneumatic solenoid valve (10) is designed to, when the coil is energized, perform a first partial stroke (H1) of the armature (13) to lift the sealing element (19) from the valve seat (18) and by means of a compressed air flow (L ein ) to effect a lifting movement of the armature guide (20) and the magnetic core (12) with a resulting second partial stroke (H2) of the armature (13). [2] Pneumatic solenoid valve (10) according to claim 1, characterized by that the pneumatic solenoid valve (10) is designed such that the compressed air flow (L ein ) is greater than the first partial stroke (H1) of the armature (13) which can be effected by energizing the coil. [3] Pneumatic solenoid valve (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized bythat the armature guide (20) is designed to sit in an initial position on a valve housing surface (14a) surrounding the valve seat (18) and to control the incoming compressed air flow (L ein ) in an internal volume (20a) of the armature guide (20). [4] Pneumatic solenoid valve (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the valve seat (18) is raised relative to a plane (E) of the valve housing surface (14a) surrounding the valve seat (18). [5] Pneumatic solenoid valve (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the pneumatic solenoid valve (10) is designed as a 2 / 2-way valve. [6] Pneumatic solenoid valve (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the pneumatic solenoid valve (10) has a reset element (21) for resetting the magnetic core (12) and the armature guide (20). [7] Pneumatic solenoid valve (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the pneumatic solenoid valve (10) has a reset device (22) arranged in the armature guide (20) for resetting the armature (13). [8] Pneumatic solenoid valve (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that on a side of the magnetic core (12) facing away from the armature (13) there is arranged a receiving space (23) for receiving the magnetic core (12) during a lifting movement of the armature guide (20) and the magnetic core (12). [9] Pneumatic solenoid valve (10) according to claim 8, characterized by that the receiving space (23) is connected to the atmosphere through a vent opening (24). [10] Pneumatic solenoid valve (10) according to claim 8, characterized by that the receiving space (23) is closed and the magnetic core (12) has a continuous central bore (25). [11] Pneumatic solenoid valve (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a receiving chamber (27) for receiving the armature guide (20) during a lifting movement of the armature guide (20) and the magnetic core (12) is arranged adjacent to the valve chamber (17). [12] Vehicle compressed air system (30) with a pneumatic solenoid valve (10) according to one of the preceding claims. [13] Vehicle (50) with a compressed air system (30) comprising a pneumatic solenoid valve (10) according to one of claims 1 to 11.

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