Mould core for a mould for producing hollow concrete bodies and moulding device having such a mould core

Abstract

The present invention relates to a mold core 4 for use in a molding device 100 for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies B, as well as a molding device 3 comprising such a mold core 4. The mold core 4 comprises a hammer impact device 5 which is designed to generate a force impulse acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core 4.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a mold core for a molding device for producing hollow concrete bodies and to a molding device for producing hollow concrete bodies having such a mold core. background

[0002] Mold cores for molding devices for the production of hollow or tubular precast concrete elements have long been known in the prior art. For example, US Pat. No. 1,394,570, published in 1921, shows a mold core for use as an inner mold for a molding device for the production of hollow or, in particular, tubular precast concrete elements. The mold core of US Pat. No. 1,394,570 has an expandable core shell that, in the expanded state, assumes the predetermined inner shape for the concrete casting process and is designed to be shrinkable or contractible for demolding the precast concrete element. Such expandable mold cores are also regularly referred to in the prior art as shrink cores and / or expanding cores.

[0003] Another shrink core for use as an inner mold for a molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular precast concrete elements is described in DE 10 2012 220 814 A1. The shrink core according to DE 10 2012 220 814 A1 has a substantially cylindrical core shell, which has a longitudinally extending opening on one side, at the opposite longitudinal edge portions of which a spreading device arranged inside the core shell engages to press the opposite longitudinal edge portions of the core shell apart in a tangential direction to spread the shrink core. A further development of a corresponding shrink core is described in WO 2021 / 204792 A2.

[0004] Such shrink cores or expanding cores facilitate demolding of a concrete body formed between an outer core shell of the mold and the shrink core by allowing the shrink core to be shrunk from the expanded state assumed during the concrete pouring process and thereby lifted from the inner wall of the concrete body. However, the use of such shrink cores or expanding cores is complex and costly due to the required expansion or shrinkage mechanisms.

[0005] In addition to shrink cores, which are shrunk to demold a finished concrete product for removal from the concrete product, the prior art also includes conical or partially conical mold cores, which have a conical shape such that their diameter tapers from one end to the other so that, after the concrete body has hardened, they can be removed in the longitudinal direction of the at least partially conical mold core without shrinking the mold core. For example, WO 2011 / 063979 A1 describes the production of concrete pipes with multi-part mold cores, in which an inner mold core part has a conical shape.

[0006] However, for demolding, it is typically necessary that the taper of such conical mold cores is not too shallow, as otherwise excessive forces would be required to pull the mold core out during demolding. Thus, the typically efficient and cost-effective use of conical mold cores is not possible, especially if this leads to an undesirable gradient in the interior of the precast concrete element being manufactured, either with an excessively steep gradient angle or even the formation of an undesirable counter gradient.

[0007] In view of the disadvantages described above when using conventional shrink cores or conical cores, it is an object of the present invention, based on the prior art described above, to provide a mold core for a molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies and a molding device having such a mold core for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies, with which a more cost-effective and flexible production is enabled, preferably for different concrete body shapes, and in particular an efficient and easy demolding after hardening of the concrete product is enabled. Summary

[0008] The present invention relates to a mold core for a molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies, as well as to a molding device having such a mold core for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies.

[0009] In particular, to achieve the above-mentioned object, a mold core for a molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies is proposed according to claim 1. Subordinate claims relate to a molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies with one or more such mold cores and / or a hammering device for use with such a mold core. The dependent claims relate to preferred embodiments.

[0010] According to an exemplary aspect, a mold core is proposed for use in a molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies.

[0011] According to expedient embodiments, the mold core may comprise a core shell extending in the longitudinal direction of the mold core.

[0012] According to expedient embodiments, the mold core may comprise a hammer impact device which is preferably designed to generate a force impulse acting preferably in the longitudinal direction of the mold core.

[0013] According to expedient embodiments, the core shell can taper from a first end of the mold core to a second end of the mold core, particularly preferably conically or partially conically.

[0014] Preferably, a slope angle or conicity angle of the tapered mold core is substantially less than or equal to 2.5°, in particular substantially less than or equal to 2°, preferably substantially less than or equal to 1°, and preferably substantially greater than or equal to 0.5°, particularly preferably substantially greater than or equal to 0.25°.

[0015] According to expedient embodiments, the hammer impact device can be configured to generate the force impulse, preferably acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core, in the direction from the second to the first end of the mold core.

[0016] According to expedient embodiments, the hammer striking device may comprise a movably mounted mass body, a pretensioning mechanism and / or a releasable locking mechanism.

[0017] According to expedient embodiments, the mass body of the hammering device can be held and / or mounted so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the mold core.

[0018] According to expedient embodiments, the prestressing mechanism can be configured to exert a prestressing force on the mass body, preferably acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core.

[0019] According to expedient embodiments, the prestressing mechanism can be configured to exert the prestressing force acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core in the direction from the second end to the first end of the mold core.

[0020] According to expedient embodiments, the releasable locking mechanism can be configured to hold the mass body in a pre-tensioning position against the pre-tensioning force of the pre-tensioning mechanism.

[0021] According to expedient embodiments, the mass body can be movably mounted and / or held between a stopper section of the hammer striking device and the pre-tensioning position of the pre-tensioning mechanism in the longitudinal direction of the mold core.

[0022] According to expedient embodiments, the hammer impact device can be configured to generate the force impulse acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core, in particular preferably by releasing the releasable locking mechanism, in particular preferably when the mass body is held at the prestressing position against the prestressing force of the prestressing mechanism, and / or in particular preferably when and / or by the mass body accelerated by the prestressing force striking the stopper section.

[0023] According to expedient embodiments, the locking mechanism can further be configured to move the mass body in the locked state against the prestressing force of the prestressing mechanism from the stopper section to the prestressing position and / or in particular to bring it into a prestressed state at the prestressing position.

[0024] According to expedient embodiments, the preloading mechanism may comprise one or more mechanically acting springs. Alternatively or additionally, the preload force may be generated hydraulically, pneumatically, electromagnetically, electrically, magnetically, and / or mechanically.

[0025] According to expedient embodiments, the hammering device can be firmly connected directly or indirectly to the mold core.

[0026] According to expedient embodiments, a hammering device can be arranged in the interior region of the mold core within the core shell and / or a hammering device can be arranged outside the core shell of the mold core.

[0027] According to expedient embodiments, a further aspect can propose a hammering device for use on a mold core according to one of the preceding aspects. The hammering device is preferably configured to be attached to the mold core and / or, when attached to the mold core, to generate a force impulse acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core.

[0028] According to expedient embodiments, in a further aspect, a molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies can be proposed, preferably comprising an outer mold and / or preferably an inner mold preferably arranged in the outer mold, which preferably comprises a mold core according to one of the preceding aspects.

[0029] Preferably, according to expedient embodiments, the inner mold can be configured to form an angled main strand of the concrete body, wherein the inner mold can preferably comprise at least two mold cores arranged obliquely to one another, of which one or both mold cores can be provided according to one of the above aspects.

[0030] Preferably, according to further expedient embodiments, the inner mold can be configured to form a concrete body with a main strand and a side strand of the concrete body formed obliquely thereto, wherein the inner mold preferably comprises at least one mold core forming the side strand according to one of the preceding aspects.

[0031] Further aspects and their advantages as well as advantages and more specific embodiments of the aspects and features described above are described in the following, but in no way limiting, descriptions and explanations of the attached figures. Short description of the characters Fig. 1A shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies; Fig. 1B shows an exemplary schematic representation of a cross section of the molding device according to Fig. 1A; Fig. 2 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies; Fig. 3 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies according to an embodiment with an exemplary hammer impact device in an exemplary prestressed state; Fig. 4A shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary hammer impact device according to Fig. 3 in an exemplary prestressed state; Fig. 4B shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary hammer impact device according to Fig. 3 in an exemplary triggered state; Fig. 5 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of the exemplary molding device for producing hollow or in particular tubular concrete bodies according to Fig. 3 with an exemplary hammer striking device in an exemplary triggered state; Fig. 6A shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies according to a further embodiment with several exemplary hammer impact devices, each in the exemplary prestressed state; Fig. 6B shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of the exemplary molding device for producing hollow or in particular tubular concrete bodies according to Fig. 6A with several exemplary hammer striking devices, each in the exemplary triggered state; Fig. 7A shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device for producing hollow concrete bodies according to a further embodiment with an exemplary hammer impact device in the exemplary prestressed state; Fig. 7B shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of the exemplary molding device for producing hollow concrete bodies according to Fig. 7A with an exemplary hammer striking device in the exemplary triggered state; Fig. 8 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies according to a further embodiment with several exemplary hammering devices, each in the exemplary prestressed state; and Fig. 9 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary hammer striking device according to a further embodiment in an exemplary triggered state. Detailed description of the figures and preferred embodiments

[0032] Examples and embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying figures. Identical or similar elements in the figures may be designated by the same reference numerals, although sometimes different reference numerals may be used.

[0033] It should be emphasized, however, that the present invention is in no way limited or restricted to the exemplary embodiments and their embodiment features described below, but further comprises modifications of the exemplary embodiments, in particular those which are encompassed by modifications of the features of the described examples or by combination of one or more of the features of the described examples within the scope of protection of the independent claims.

[0034] Fig. 1A shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device 100 for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies B. Fig. 1B shows an exemplary schematic representation of a cross section of the molding device 100 according to Fig. 1A.

[0035] An example is the molding device 100 of Fig. 1A and Fig. 1B is designed for producing a tubular concrete body B, for example, by casting using self-compacting concrete. The molding device 100 can also be provided in other examples for producing a tubular concrete body using vibration-compacting concrete.

[0036] The molding device 100 comprises, for example, an outer mold 1, which is designed, for example, to be open at the top, e.g. trough-shaped; see Fig. 1B. In further examples, outer shapes that are closed at the top or even completely closable can also be provided. This applies analogously to the embodiments described later.

[0037] Furthermore, the molding device 100 according to Fig. 1A and Fig. 1B, for example, is designed to form tubular concrete bodies in a horizontal position. In further examples, molding devices can also be provided that are designed to form tubular concrete bodies in an upright position (e.g., according to a molding device according to WO 2021 / 204792 A2). This applies analogously to the embodiments described later.

[0038] In Fig. 1A and Fig. 1B, the molding device 100 is designed, by way of example, with straight outer mold walls. In further exemplary embodiments, molding devices with curved and / or bent outer mold walls can also be used. For example, it is possible to use rounded or even cylindrical outer molds; the respective outer mold can be freely designed according to the desired external shape of the concrete body to be produced. This applies analogously to the exemplary embodiments described later.

[0039] The outer mold 1 of the molding device 100 comprises, for example, side walls 1a and 1b, which extend, for example, opposite one another and parallel in a longitudinal direction of the molding device 100. At both ends of the molding device 100, walls 1c and 1d are arranged, for example, which close the molding device 100. Furthermore, the outer mold 1 comprises, for example, a bottom section 1e; see Fig. 1B.

[0040] The molding device 100 comprises, for example, an inner mold 2, which extends, for example, in the longitudinal direction of the molding device 100 between the side walls 1a and 1b and parallel to the side walls 1a and 1b from the wall 1c at one end to the wall 1d at the other end. The inner mold 2 of the molding device 100 is, for example, designed to form an inner hollow, longitudinally extending main strand of the tubular concrete body B.

[0041] For example, the inner mold 2 is designed as a shrink core or expansion core. In the expanded state according to Fig. 1A and Fig. 1B, the inner mold is expanded by means of the expansion devices 2b.

[0042] The inner mold 2 is designed, for example, as a hollow body and comprises, for example, a cylindrical core shell 2a. The expansion devices 2b are arranged, for example, inside the core shell 2a and are functionally schematically illustrated, for example, as spring mechanisms.

[0043] The expansion devices 2b are designed, for example, to transfer the core jacket 2a from the spread or expanded state to the shrunken state and / or from the shrunken state to the spread or expanded state.

[0044] In some embodiments, the expansion devices 2b can be configured to be actuated hydraulically, mechanically, electrically, and / or electromagnetically. In further examples, it is possible to provide only one expansion device or more than two expansion devices.

[0045] Once the concrete body B has hardened in the molding device 100, the demolding process can be carried out. For this purpose, the outer mold 1 can be opened, for example, completely or partially, and the mold core 2 can be pulled and / or pushed out of the hardened concrete body B in the longitudinal direction of the molding device 100 in the shrunken state, in which the mold shell 2a lifts off the inner wall of the hardened concrete body B due to shrinkage during the transition of the mold core 2 from the spread or expanded state to the shrunken state.

[0046] Fig. 2 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device 100 for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies B.

[0047] An example is the molding device 100 of Fig. 2 is designed for producing a tubular concrete body B, for example, by casting using self-compacting concrete. The molding device 100 can also be provided in other examples for producing a tubular concrete body using vibration-compacting concrete.

[0048] The molding device 100 comprises, for example, an outer mold 1, which is merely exemplary analogous Fig. 1A and Fig. 1B is open at the top, e.g., trough-shaped. The outer mold 1 of the molding device 100 comprises, for example, side walls 1a and 1b, which extend, for example, opposite one another and parallel in a longitudinal direction of the molding device 100. At both ends of the molding device 100, walls 1c and 1d are arranged, for example, which close off the molding device 100.

[0049] The molding device 100 comprises, for example, an inner mold 3, which extends, for example, in the longitudinal direction of the molding device 100 between the side walls 1a and 1b and parallel to the side walls 1a and 1b from the wall 1c at one end to the wall 1d at the other end. The inner mold 3 of the molding device 100 is, for example, designed to form an inner hollow, longitudinally extending main strand of the tubular concrete body B.

[0050] The inner form 3 in the example according to Fig. 2 is designed as a conical mold core. For example, the conical mold core 3 is designed such that the diameter of the mold core 3 tapers conically in the longitudinal direction from one wall 1c of the outer mold 1 to the other wall 1d of the outer mold 1.

[0051] The conical mold core 3 is in the example of Fig. 2 is designed as a solid body, for example, but can also be designed as a hollow body in other examples.

[0052] As soon as the concrete body B has hardened in the molding device 100, the demolding process can be carried out. For this purpose, the outer mold 1 can be opened completely or partially, for example, and the conical mold core 3 can be pulled and / or pushed out of the hardened concrete body B in the longitudinal direction of the molding device 100, in particular in Fig. 2 exemplified by the action of force to the left (i.e. in particular against the direction of the conical taper).

[0053] Conical mold cores according to Fig. 2, however, always lead to a gradient in the hollow strand of the finished concrete body B, corresponding to the shape tapering from one side to the other of the mold core. In order to create the flattest possible gradient, it is then necessary to minimize the tapered shape of the mold core, whereby this has the disadvantage that demolding is made more difficult or, at gradient angles below 1°, is sometimes not possible at all or requires excessive forces. The alternative use of shrink cores, e.g. according to Fig. 1A and Fig. 1B is more complex, less flexible and cost-intensive due to its more complex structure.

[0054] Furthermore, it is disadvantageous to produce more complex shapes of concrete bodies, e.g., with angled main strands and / or branching strands, as this requires the use of composite mold cores that must be pulled out to different sides of the concrete body during the demolding process. This would either require the even more complex and costly use of multiple shrink cores or, when using conical mold cores, lead to an internal slope running in the wrong direction or undesirable counter slopes.

[0055] Fig. 3 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary forming device 100 for producing hollow or in particular tubular concrete bodies B according to an embodiment with an exemplary hammering device 5 in an exemplary prestressed state.

[0056] An example is the molding device 100 of Fig. 3 is designed for producing a tubular concrete body B, for example, by casting using self-compacting concrete. The molding device 100 can also be provided in further examples for producing a tubular concrete body using vibration-compacting concrete. This applies analogously to the embodiments described later.

[0057] The molding device 100 comprises, for example, an outer mold 1, which is designed, for example, to be open at the top, e.g. trough-shaped (e.g. analogous Fig. 1B). In further embodiments, outer shapes that are closed at the top or even completely closable can also be provided. This applies analogously to the embodiments described later.

[0058] Furthermore, the molding device 100 according to Fig. 3, for example, is designed to form tubular concrete bodies in a horizontal position. In further examples, molding devices can also be provided that are designed to form tubular concrete bodies in an upright position. This applies analogously to the embodiments described later.

[0059] In Fig. 3, the molding device 100 is designed, by way of example, with straight outer mold walls. In further exemplary embodiments, molding devices with curved and / or bent outer mold walls can also be used. For example, it is possible to use rounded or even cylindrical outer molds; the respective outer mold can be freely designed according to the desired external shape of the concrete body to be produced. This applies analogously to the exemplary embodiments described later.

[0060] The outer mold 1 of the molding device 100 comprises, for example, side walls 1a and 1b, which extend, for example, opposite one another and parallel in a longitudinal direction of the molding device 100. At both ends of the molding device 100, walls 1c and 1d are arranged, for example, which close the molding device 100. In addition, the outer mold 1 can, for example, have a bottom section; e.g., analogous Fig. 1B.

[0061] The molding device 100 according to Fig. 3 comprises, for example, an inner mold 4, which extends, for example, in the longitudinal direction of the molding device 100 between the side walls 1a and 1b and parallel to the side walls 1a and 1b from the wall 1c at one end to the wall 1d at the other end. The inner mold 4 of the molding device 100 is, for example, designed to form an inner hollow, longitudinally extending main strand of the tubular concrete body B.

[0062] The inner form 4 in the example according to Fig. 3 is designed as a conical mold core. For example, the conical mold core 4 is designed such that the diameter of the mold core 4 tapers conically in the longitudinal direction from one wall 1c of the outer mold 1 to the other wall 1d of the outer mold 1. The conical mold core 4 is in the example of Fig. 3 designed as a hollow body, for example.

[0063] For example, the mold core 4 comprises Fig. 3 in the hollow interior a hammer striking device 5 which facilitates demoulding, for example in a prestressed state.

[0064] Fig. 4A shows an exemplary functional schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary hammer striking device 5 according to Fig. 3 in an exemplary prestressed state. Fig. 4B shows an exemplary functional schematic representation of a longitudinal section of the exemplary hammer striking device 5 according to Fig. 3 in an exemplary triggered state.

[0065] The hammer striking device 5 comprises, for example, a housing 5a in which a mass body 5b is mounted in a linearly sliding manner, for example, so that the mass body 5b is movable in a sliding manner in the longitudinal direction within the housing. Here, the hammer striking device 5 is in Fig. 3 is particularly fastened in the mold core 4 in such a way that the mass body 5b is movable in the housing 5a of the hammering device 5 in the longitudinal direction of the mold core 4.

[0066] In the prestressed state according to the example from Fig. 3 and Fig. 4A, the mass body 5b is preloaded by two springs 5c and is held by an exemplary locking mechanism 5d.

[0067] If the locking mechanism 5d is released, the mass body 5d in the housing 5a of the hammer striking device 5 is accelerated in the longitudinal direction due to the spring force of the pre-tensioned springs 5c and struck against a stopper section of the housing 5a of the hammer striking device 5; see Fig. 4B. Due to the impact of the mass body 5d against the stopper section of the housing 5a, a force impulse acting in the longitudinal direction is generated.

[0068] In particular, the hammer impact device 5 is arranged or installed in the mold core 4 in such a way that the generated force pulse acts in the longitudinal direction of the mold core 4 towards the wider end of the conical mold core 4, ie in particular in the demolding direction of the mold core 4.

[0069] Fig. 5 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of the exemplary molding device 100 for producing hollow or in particular tubular concrete bodies according to Fig. 3 with the exemplary hammer striking device 5 in an exemplary triggered state, in particular for the demolding process.

[0070] As soon as the concrete body B has hardened in the forming device 100, the demoulding process can be carried out, for example starting from Fig. 3 with the hammer device 5 in pre-tensioned state according to Fig. 4A. For this purpose, the outer mold 1 can be opened completely or partially, for example, and the hammering device 5 can be triggered by releasing the locking mechanism 5d, so that a force pulse acting in the longitudinal direction can be triggered (see Fig. 4B and Fig. 5) and the conical mold core 4 can then be pulled and / or pushed out of the hardened concrete body B in the longitudinal direction of the molding device 100, in particular in Fig. 5 exemplified by the action of force to the left (i.e. in particular against the direction of the conical taper).

[0071] This has the advantage that even with conical mold cores with small inclination angles, e.g., with an inclination angle of less than 1°, the demolding process can be carried out easily and cost-effectively, in particular with a relatively low force applied to pull out the mold core, since the mold core can be loosened by means of the triggered hammering device 5. For example, a force can be exerted on the mold core in the demolding direction during the demolding process if the hammering device 5 is triggered by releasing the locking mechanism 5d.

[0072] In the embodiment according to Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, only one hammering device 5 is arranged in the interior of the mold core 4, for example. In further embodiments, several hammering devices can also be arranged in the interior of the mold core.

[0073] In some embodiments, it is advantageously possible to design the releasable locking mechanism 5d electrically, electronically, electromagnetically, mechanically, pneumatically and / or hydraulically.

[0074] In addition, in some embodiments, a mechanical preload can be achieved by means of one or more mechanical springs according to Fig. 4A and Fig. 4B. In further embodiments, it is possible to generate the preload force acting on the mass body electrically, magnetically, electromagnetically, pneumatically, and / or hydraulically in addition to or as an alternative to a mechanical preload force.

[0075] Furthermore, the hammering device 5 in the embodiment according to Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 are arranged or fastened, for example, in the interior of the exemplary hollow mold core 4. In further embodiments, additionally or alternatively, one or more hammering devices 5 can be arranged or fastened outside the inner mold on the mold core; see, for example, the following Fig. 6A and Fig. 6B.

[0076] Fig. 6A shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device 100 for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies B according to a further exemplary embodiment with several exemplary hammering devices 5, each in the exemplary prestressed state. The hammering devices 5 are, for example, analogous Fig. 4A and Fig. 4B provided.

[0077] Fig. 6B shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of the exemplary molding device 100 for producing hollow or in particular tubular concrete bodies B according to Fig. 6A with several exemplary hammer striking devices 5 each in the exemplary triggered state.

[0078] In the embodiment according to Fig. 6A and Fig. 6B, the mold core 4 is also designed conically, for example, but extends, for example, through the wall 1c of the inner mold 1 to the outside into the outer region of the inner mold 1.

[0079] For example, respective hammering devices 5 are arranged and fastened opposite each other at the end of the conical mold core 4 protruding from the inner mold 1 (example wider) with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mold core 4.

[0080] As soon as the concrete body B has hardened in the forming device 100, the demoulding process can be carried out, for example starting from Fig. 6A with the hammer striking devices 5 in pre-tensioned condition according to Fig. 4A. For this purpose, the outer mold 1 can be opened completely or partially, for example, and the hammering devices 5 can be released by releasing the respective locking mechanism 5d (e.g. analogous Fig. 4B) so that a respective force impulse acting in the longitudinal direction can be triggered in the hammer striking devices 5 (see Fig. 4B and Fig. 6B) and the conical mold core 4 can then be pulled and / or pushed out of the hardened concrete body B in the longitudinal direction of the molding device 100, in particular in Fig. 6B by way of example, by applying force to the left (i.e. in particular against the direction of the conical taper).

[0081] This has the advantage that even with conical mold cores with small inclination angles, e.g., with an inclination angle of less than 1°, the demolding process can be carried out easily and cost-effectively, in particular with a relatively low force applied to pull out the mold core, since the mold core can be loosened by means of the triggered hammering devices 5. For example, a force can be exerted on the mold core in the demolding direction during the demolding process if the hammering devices 5 are triggered by releasing the respective locking mechanism 5d.

[0082] Preferably, in embodiments, when there are several hammer impact devices arranged laterally on the mold core, the hammer impact devices are evenly distributed on the outside relative to the longitudinal axis of the mold core in order to exert an axially acting total impact impulse when the respective hammer impact devices are triggered synchronously; e.g., with an even number of hammer impact devices, for example by hammer impact devices arranged opposite one another in pairs relative to the longitudinal axis, or with an odd number of hammer impact devices with a uniform angular distribution around the longitudinal axis (e.g., with an angular spacing of substantially 120° for three hammer impact devices arranged on the outside) or, by way of example, generally with an angular spacing of substantially 360° / N for N hammer impact devices arranged on the outside; where N can be a natural number greater than or equal to 2).Furthermore, it is possible to provide only one outer hammering device, which can preferably be arranged and fastened axially at the wide end of the mold core.

[0083] For example, the mold core 4 in Fig. 6A and Fig. 6B is hollow, but in further embodiments it can also be solid or at least partially solid.

[0084] Fig. 7A shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary forming device 100 for producing hollow concrete bodies according to a further embodiment with an exemplary hammer impact device 5 in the exemplary prestressed state.

[0085] According to Fig. 7A, a molding device 100 is provided by way of example, with which a hollow concrete body B with an internal branching can be produced, in which, for example, for the molding of an exemplary straight main strand of the hollow concrete body B, a shrink core 2 with expansion devices 2a and a mold core jacket 2a is provided analogously Fig. 1A is provided.

[0086] The molding device 100 comprises, for example, an outer mold 1 with side walls 1a to 1g, wherein the shrink core 2 extends, for example, from the outer mold wall 1c to the outer mold wall 1d.

[0087] For forming an exemplary secondary strand in the hollow concrete body B, which is connected diagonally to the main strand, a conical mold core 4 is also provided. For example, the mold core 4 is conical and tapers inward from the wall 1f of the inner mold 1 to the shrink core 2.

[0088] For example, the conical mold core 4 comprises analog Fig. 3 an example of an internal hammering device 5 inside the exemplary hollow mold core 4. In further embodiments, the mold core 4 can also be analogous Fig. 6A project outwards through the wall 1f of the inner mold 1 in the longitudinal direction of the mold core 4 and have one or more externally arranged hammering devices 5.

[0089] Fig. 7B shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of the exemplary molding device 100 for producing hollow concrete bodies according to Fig. 7A with an exemplary hammer striking device 5 in the exemplary triggered state.

[0090] In the demoulding process, the mould core 2 can be Fig. 1A can be removed by shrinking from the hardened concrete body B in the longitudinal direction of the mold core 2. The conical mold core 4 can be removed analogously Fig. 5 can be released by triggering the hammer device 5, e.g. according to Fig. 7B, in order to then be pulled out in the longitudinal direction of the mold core 4 (ie in the longitudinal direction of the exemplary side strand between the walls 1a and 1g of the outer mold 1).

[0091] In this case, due to the hammering device 5, the conical mold core 4 can be easily demolded even at gradient angles of less than or equal to substantially 1°, even advantageously up to gradient angles of substantially 0.5°, so that a very small gradient is created in the side strand, which is tolerable even as a counter gradient in the side strand, whereby a second cost-intensive shrink core can advantageously be dispensed with.

[0092] In further embodiments, it is possible to provide additional side strands of the concrete body B by means of additional conical mold cores with one or more hammering devices. Furthermore, it is alternatively or additionally possible to also form the main strand of the concrete body with a conical mold core with one or more hammering devices, so that a shrink core can be completely dispensed with.

[0093] Fig. 8 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device 100 for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies B according to a further exemplary embodiment with a plurality of conical mold cores 4-1 and 4-2 and respective hammering devices 5-1 and 5-2, each in the exemplary prestressed state.

[0094] By way of example, a forming device 100 is provided which enables hollow concrete bodies B with an angled main strand (e.g. angled concrete pipes).

[0095] By way of example, the molding device 100 comprises two conical mold cores 4-1 and 4-2, which are aligned with each other at an angle corresponding to the desired angulation of the main strand of the concrete body B and are connected to each other at the inward-facing ends. The conical mold core 4-1 extends, for example, in a conically tapered manner from the wall 1c of the outer mold 1 to the mold core 4-2, and the conical mold core 4-2 extends, for example, in a conically tapered manner from the wall 1d of the outer mold 1 to the mold core 4-1.

[0096] For example, the mold cores 4-1 and 4-2 are each analogous Fig. 3 with internal hammering devices 5-1 and 5-2. The conical mold core 4-1 can be Fig. 5 can be released by triggering the hammer device 5-1, in order to then be pulled out in the longitudinal direction of the mold core 4-1, and the conical mold core 4-2 can be analogously Fig. 5 can be released by triggering the hammer device 5-2 and then pulled out in the longitudinal direction of the mold core 4-2.

[0097] In this case, due to the hammering device 5-1, the conical mold core 4-1 can be easily demolded even at gradient angles of less than or equal to substantially 1°, even advantageously up to gradient angles of substantially 0.5°, and due to the hammering device 5-2, the conical mold core 4-2 can be easily demolded even at gradient angles of less than or equal to substantially 1°, even advantageously up to gradient angles of substantially 0.5°, so that a very small gradient is created in both main strand sections, which is tolerable even as mutually arranged gradient and counter-gradient sections, whereby cost-intensive shrink cores can advantageously be dispensed with.

[0098] One or both mold cores 4-1 and / or 4-2 can also be designed analogously in further embodiments Fig. 6A with externally arranged hammering devices. In further embodiments, one of the mold cores 4-1 or 4-2 can also be used as a shrink core analogous Fig. 1A trained.

[0099] Fig. 9 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary hammer striking device 50 according to another exemplary embodiment in an exemplary triggered state. All of the exemplary embodiments described above can advantageously be provided with one or more corresponding hammer striking devices 50.

[0100] The hammer striking device 50 comprises, for example, a housing 51 with, for example, a cylindrical cavity H, in which, for example, a mass body 52 is movably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical cavity H, in particular slidably mounted in the longitudinal direction.

[0101] The hammer striking device 50 comprises, for example, a biasing spring 53 which biases the mass body 52 in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical cavity H towards an exemplary stopper section 51a of the housing 51.

[0102] For example, a driver section 54 is arranged on the side of the mass body 52 opposite the stopper section 51a in the longitudinal direction; this driver section 54 is attached to the mass body 52 by means of a screw 54a, merely by way of example.

[0103] Furthermore, a piston 55 is arranged in the housing 51, for example, which is movably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical cavity H and can be moved in the longitudinal direction relative to the driver section 54; for example, hydraulically controlled. In further embodiments, it is possible to additionally or alternatively configure the piston 55 to be electrically, electromagnetically, pneumatically, and / or mechanically controllable.

[0104] For example, a gripper section 56 is arranged at the end of the piston 55 facing the mass body 52; this gripper section is attached to the piston 55 by means of a screw 56a, for example only. The gripper section 56 is configured to grip the driver section 54 when the piston 55 is moved toward the mass body 52.

[0105] The gripper section 56 has, for example, a releasable locking mechanism 57 (here merely as an example a hydraulically controllable ball lock) to lock the driver section 54 when the gripper section 56 is engaged with the driver section 54.

[0106] The hammer striking device 50 is thus configured, for example, to move the piston 55 towards the mass body 52 (e.g., hydraulically controlled) and to lock the driver section 54 (e.g., hydraulically controlled) when the gripper section 56 is engaged with the driver section 54.

[0107] The piston 55 can then be moved together with the locked mass body 52 in the longitudinal direction away from the stopper section 51a (e.g. hydraulically controlled) in order to preload the mass body 52 against the spring 53. Then, at a desired time (e.g. when the formwork of the concrete product is desired), the lock on the gripper section 56 can be released (e.g. hydraulically controlled), whereby the preloaded mass body 52 is released and accelerated by the spring force of the preloaded spring 53 in the longitudinal direction towards the stopper section 51a and generates a force impulse in the longitudinal direction upon impact against the stopper section 51a (in Fig. 9 exemplary to the left; analogous Fig. 4B).

[0108] For example, the piston 52 and / or the locking mechanism 57 can be controlled electrically, magnetically, electromagnetically, electronically, pneumatically, mechanically and / or hydraulically in embodiments.

[0109] As described with reference to the above embodiments, a conical mold core can be equipped with one or more hammering devices 5 and / or 50 in the inner region of the mold core and / or in the outer region of the mold core outside an outer mold in order to facilitate demolding of the conical mold core, in particular in the case of conical mold cores with a small conicity or slope angle.

[0110] Embodiments of the present invention have been described and proposed above, so that, in view of the disadvantages of the known prior art, mold cores according to the invention for molding devices for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies and accessories (e.g., the hammering devices described) for such mold cores can now be proposed or provided.

[0111] In particular, it is advantageously made possible to provide a mold core for a molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies and a molding device having such a mold core for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies, with which a more cost-effective and flexible production is preferably made possible for different concrete body shapes and, in particular, an efficient or easy demolding after hardening of the concrete product can be made possible.

[0112] It should be noted again that only examples or exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described above in detail with reference to the accompanying figures. It should be emphasized again that the present invention is in no way limited or restricted to the exemplary embodiments described above and their design features or the described combinations thereof, but further encompasses modifications of the exemplary embodiments, in particular those encompassed by modifications of the features of the described examples or by combinations or partial combinations of individual or several of the features of the described examples within the scope of the independent claims. QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] US 1,394,570

[0002] DE 10 2012 220 814 A1

[0003] WO 2021 / 204792 A2 [0003, 0037] WO 2011 / 063979 A1

[0005]

Claims

[1] Mould core for use in a moulding device (100) for producing hollow concrete bodies (B), comprising: - a core shell extending in the longitudinal direction of the mold core (4), and - at least one hammering device (5; 50) which is designed to generate a force impulse acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core (4). [2] Mold core according to claim 1, characterized by that the core shell tapers from a first end of the mold core (4) to a second end of the mold core, in particular conically. [3] Mold core according to claim 2, characterized by that the hammer impact device (5; 50) is designed to generate the force impulse acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core (4) in the direction from the second to the first end of the mold core. [4] Mold core according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized bythat the hammer striking device (5; 50) comprises a movably mounted mass body (5b; 52), a pretensioning mechanism (5c; 53) and a releasable locking mechanism (5d; 54-57). [5] Mold core according to claim 4, characterized by that the mass body (5b; 52) of the hammering device (5b; 50) is movably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the mold core. [6] Mold core according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by that the prestressing mechanism (5c; 53) is designed to exert a prestressing force acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core on the mass body (5b; 52). [7] Mold core according to claim 6 in combination with claim 2 or 3, characterized by that the prestressing mechanism (5c; 53) is designed to exert the prestressing force acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core in the direction from the second end to the first end of the mold core. [8] Mold core according to claim 6 or 7, characterized bythat the releasable locking mechanism (5d; 54-57) is designed to hold the mass body (5b; 52) in a pre-tensioned position against the pre-tensioning force of the pre-tensioning mechanism (5c; 53). [9] Mold core according to claim 8, characterized by that the mass body (5b; 52) is movably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the mold core between a stopper section (5a; 51a) of the hammering device (5b; 50) and the pre-tensioning position of the pre-tensioning mechanism (5c; 53). [10] Mold core according to claim 9, characterized by in that the hammer impact device (5b; 50) is designed to generate the force impulse acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core by releasing the releasable locking mechanism (5d; 54-57) when the mass body (5b; 52) is held at the prestressing position against the prestressing force of the prestressing mechanism (5c; 53), and the mass body (5b; 52) accelerated by the prestressing force strikes the stopper section (5a; 51a). [11] Mold core according to at least one of claims 8 to 10, characterized by that the locking mechanism (54-57) is further configured to move the mass body (52) in the locked state against the biasing force of the biasing mechanism (53) from the stopper section (51a) to the biasing position and in particular to bring it into a biased state at the biasing position. [12] Mold core according to at least one of claims 4 to 11, characterized by that the pretensioning mechanism (5c; 53) comprises one or more mechanically acting springs. [13] Mold core according to at least one of claims 4 to 12, characterized by that the hammering device (5; 50) is attached directly or indirectly to the mold core. [14] Mold core according to at least one of claims 4 to 13, characterized by , that the hammering device (5; 50) is arranged in the interior of the mold core within the core shell, or the hammering device (5; 50) is arranged outside the core shell of the mold core. [15] Hammer impact device (5; 50) for use on a mold core according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the hammer impact device (5; 50) is designed to be fastened to the mold core (4) and, in the fastened state, to generate a force impulse acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core (4). [16] Forming device (100) for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies, comprising: - an outer shape (1) and - an inner mold arranged in the outer mold (1) which comprises a mold core (4) according to one of claims 1 to 14. [17] Molding device according to claim 16, characterized bythat the inner mold is designed to form an angled main strand of the concrete body, wherein the inner mold comprises at least two mold cores arranged obliquely to one another according to one of claims 1 to 14. [18] Molding device according to claim 16, characterized by that the inner mold is designed to form a concrete body with a main strand and a side strand of the concrete body formed obliquely thereto, wherein the inner mold comprises at least one mold core forming the side strand according to one of claims 1 to 14.

Images