Expansion element for a component arrangement of a motor vehicle, corresponding component arrangement and method for producing the component arrangement and method for dismantling the component arrangement

Abstract

The invention relates to an expansion element (6) for a component arrangement (1) of a motor vehicle (16), wherein the component arrangement (1) has a first component (2) and a second component (3) which is spaced from the first component (2) at least in regions by a gap (4) and is integrally connected to the first component (2) by an adhesive layer (5) present in the gap (4), and wherein the expansion element (6) is arranged in the gap (4) and is intended and configured to force the components (2, 3) away from one another by expansion and to release the integral connection. Provision is made for the expansion element (6) to have a flat expansion cushion (20) from which a connecting piece (25) extends, in which a cavity (26) is present which is in fluid communication with an interior space (11) of the expansion cushion (20) and is closed by a plug (29).The invention further relates to a component arrangement (1) for a motor vehicle, a method for producing a component arrangement (1) for a motor vehicle (16) and a method for dismantling a component arrangement (1) for a motor vehicle (16).

Description

The invention relates to an expansion element for a component arrangement of a motor vehicle, wherein the component arrangement has a first component and a second component which is spaced apart from the first component at least in regions by a gap and is bonded to the first component by an adhesive layer present in the gap, and wherein the expansion element is arranged in the gap and is provided and configured to urge the components away from one another by expansion and to release the bonded connection. The invention further relates to a component arrangement for a motor vehicle, to a method for producing a component arrangement for a motor vehicle and to a method for disassembling a component arrangement for a motor vehicle.The prior art discloses, for example, the generic publication DE 197 54 814 A1. This relates to a device for releasing a window pane from its frame, wherein an inflatable pressure hose is arranged between the frame and the window, which inflatable pressure hose presses the window pane out of the frame in the inflated state. In order to ensure reliable and trouble-free detachment of the window pane from the frame, the pressure hose should consist of a high-strength or low-stretch flexible sleeve and an airtight hose in the interior.The publication DE 39 25 430 A1 also discloses a locking of a window pane of a window opening in a vehicle that can be used as an emergency exit. It is provided that the window pane is fixed to the vehicle wall via a holder which is at least functionally joined to a deformable hollow body which can be filled with gas and which is released in the inflated state of the hollow body.The document DE 10 2020 002 977 A1 relates to a battery having a battery housing, at least one battery cell module arranged in an interior space bounded by the battery housing, wherein the battery cell module comprises at least one battery cell, having a cooling system and having a layer of heat-conducting paste, wherein said layer is arranged on at least one side of the at least one battery cell module between the battery cell module and the cooling system and / or between the battery cell module and the battery housing for thermal contacting. It is provided here that the battery housing has at least one compressed air connection on at least one side provided with heat-conducting paste and / or at least one side contacted with the cooling system.Further prior art is known from the publications DE 197 33 034 A1 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,878,806.It is the object of the invention to propose an expansion element for a component arrangement of a motor vehicle, which expansion element has advantages over known expansion elements, in particular enables simple separation of the components of the component arrangement from one another by providing a reliable fluid supply into the interior of the expansion element.This is achieved according to the invention with an expansion element for a component arrangement of a motor vehicle having the features of claim 1. It is provided here that the expansion element has a planar expansion cushion from which a connecting piece starts, in which a cavity is present which is connected in terms of flow to an interior of the expansion cushion and is closed by means of a plug, in particular made of a polymer.Advantageous embodiments with expedient developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims. It is pointed out that the exemplary embodiments explained in the description are not restrictive; rather, any variations of the features disclosed in the description, the claims and the figures can be realized, provided that this does not leave the scope defined by the claims.The expansion element is preferably a component of the component arrangement, but can also be present separately therefrom, in particular until the component arrangement is mounted. Analogously to this, the component arrangement is preferably part of the motor vehicle, but it can also be present separately from the motor vehicle, again preferably until the component arrangement is mounted on or in the motor vehicle. In any case, the component arrangement has a plurality of components, namely the first component and the second component. The gap is present between the two components at least in regions, so that they are spaced apart from one another at least in regions and do not bear directly against one another. An adhesive is arranged in the gap in order to connect the two components to one another in a materially integral manner. The adhesive forms the adhesive layer which is present in the gap and engages on the one hand in a materially integral manner on the first component and on the other hand in a materially integral manner on the second component, with the result that the two components are fastened to one another by means of the adhesive or the adhesive layer formed by it.For example, the two components are each a component of a body of the motor vehicle and / or of a chassis of the motor vehicle and / or of a traction battery of the motor vehicle. The body is preferably designed as a self-supporting body, so that it is composed of the chassis and a structure of the motor vehicle. The traction battery is understood to mean an electrical energy store which is electrically connected to a drive device of the motor vehicle. The drive device serves at least temporarily for driving the motor vehicle, in this respect therefore for providing a drive torque directed to driving the motor vehicle. To provide the drive torque, the drive device has at least one drive unit, which in the present case is present as an electric traction machine, which is electrically connected to the traction battery. The traction machine is supplied at least temporarily with electrical energy for providing the drive torque, which is stored in the traction battery. Conversely, it may be provided that electrical energy generated by means of the traction machine is supplied to the traction battery for intermediate storage.In a preferred embodiment, the components of the component arrangement consist at least partially of the same material, in particular of metal and / or plastic, or they each have at least one of these materials. However, it can also be provided that one of the components consists of metal or plastic or has one of these materials and the respective other of the components consists of the respective other material, that is to say of plastic or metal, or has one of these materials.The gap in which the adhesive layer is arranged has a specific gap depth, which corresponds to the distance between the two components. Since the gap, viewed in section from the first component to the second component, is completely filled with the adhesive, the adhesive layer has a layer thickness which corresponds to the gap depth and therefore to the distance between the two components. Preferably, the first component has a first adhesive surface facing the second component and the second component has a second adhesive surface facing the first component, wherein the adhesive layer acts on the first adhesive surface on the one hand and on the second adhesive surface on the other hand. Preferably, the two adhesive surfaces, i.e. the first adhesive surface and the second adhesive surface, are arranged at a distance from one another in parallel, at least in regions.Centrally in the gap and / or in the adhesive layer and consequently centrally between the two adhesive surfaces, there is a central plane of the gap or of the adhesive layer. Preferably, the central plane is arranged continuously spaced apart from the two components, at least over the adhesive layer. Away from the adhesive layer, the central plane can thus intersect one of the components. A direction in which the gap depth or the layer thickness of the adhesive layer is present is in particular perpendicular to the central plane. Perpendicular to this direction are two further directions which are likewise perpendicular to one another and which each run parallel to the central plane, in particular each lie completely in the central plane.In at least one of the last-mentioned directions, preferably in both of these directions, the adhesive layer has in each case dimensions which are greater than the layer thickness, preferably by a factor of at least 2, at least 5 or at least 10. The adhesive layer therefore forms not only a local bond but rather a planar bond over a large area.Such a planar adhesion is comparatively complicated to release after its production, so that the two components cannot be removed from one another or can be removed from one another only with great effort. Accordingly, the recycling capability of the component arrangement is low or the effort for recycling the component arrangement is high. For this reason, the expansion element should be present in the gap. This serves to release the two components from one another again after their connection, preferably as part of a disassembly of the component arrangement or of the motor vehicle.The two components are released from one another by supplying a fluid, in particular a gaseous or a liquid fluid, to the expansion element, which fluid expands the expansion element, so that its external dimensions become greater in at least one direction. The expansion element is arranged and configured such that, during its expansion, it urges the two components away from one another, so that the distance between the two components becomes greater. This releases the cohesive connection between the two components, namely by breaking open the adhesive or the adhesive layer. After this breaking open of the adhesive layer, it is possible with comparatively little effort to finally separate the two components from one another, so that they can be further evaluated separately from one another, for example.The expansion element is temporarily in an unexpanded first state and temporarily in an expanded second state. The first state is maintained as long as the two components are to remain attached to each other. If it is provided to separate the components from one another, the expansion element is transferred from its first state into its second state, in particular by supplying fluid into the expansion element.The expansion element has the expansion pad. This has, for example, a first outer surface facing the first component and a second outer surface facing the second component. It can be provided that the expansion pad is completely embedded in the adhesive layer, so that the first outer surface is arranged spaced apart from the first component and the second outer surface is arranged spaced apart from the second component. Alternatively, it is provided that the expansion cushion abuts one of the components and is arranged spaced apart from the respective other of the components. Alternatively, the expansion cushion abuts both the first component and the second component.Preferably, at least one of the outer surfaces or both outer surfaces are configured planar over the entire expansion cushion as long as the expansion element is present in its first state. If the expansion element is expanded, it is thus present in its second state, the at least one outer surface is deformed, in particular it is arched. As a result, the dimensions of the expansion element increase in at least one direction, so that the cohesive connection between the components is reliably released. Particularly preferred is an embodiment of the expansion pad in which the latter or one or both of its outer surfaces has a surface structure directed towards improved adhesion. The surface structure is designed in such a way that the cohesive connection to the adhesive layer is improved. It can accordingly also be referred to as an adhesive structure.For example, the surface structure has a plurality of structural elements, in particular a plurality of projections surrounded by the adhesive layer and / or a plurality of depressions receiving the adhesive layer. In this case, the surface structure can be a roughness structure having a specific roughness or roughness, wherein the roughness structure is distinguished by an irregular configuration. However, the surface structure can alternatively also have a uniform configuration in which the structural elements are arranged in accordance with a pattern.In order to be able to use the expansion cushion within the scope of the above-described cohesive connection between the two components, it is configured in a planar or cushion-shaped manner. This means that the expansion cushion has comparatively large dimensions in the lateral direction, i.e. in at least one direction parallel to the central plane, in comparison with its dimensions in the vertical direction, so that during the expansion of the expansion element or of the expansion cushion the two components are forced away from one another in a planar manner and the adhesive layer is reliably broken open.Due to the flat configuration of the expansion cushion, in addition, only low compressive forces act on the two components during its expansion, so that the surface pressure is low in comparison with a smaller expansion element and damage or even mere deformations of the two components are reliably avoided. Rather, only a separation of the two components from one another takes place, wherein these remain undamaged. The expansion element or its expansion cushion is provided and configured in this respect for damage-free detachment of the materially bonded connection. This results in the already mentioned advantages.The inner space is configured in the expansion cushion, which is filled with the fluid for expanding the expansion element. For supplying the fluid into the interior, the latter is connected in terms of flow to the cavity, preferably permanently, which is produced in the connecting piece. The connecting piece starts from the expansion cushion, i.e. extends away from the expansion cushion. Preferably, the connecting piece extends away from the expansion cushion in the lateral direction. This means that the connecting piece is arranged away from the expansion cushion between the two components of the component arrangement and not, for example, between the expansion cushion and one of the components. It can also be provided that the connecting piece extends out of the gap present between the two components, so that there is simple access to the connecting piece for supplying the fluid.The connecting piece forms in this respect a fluid connection of the expansion element, via which the interior can be acted upon with the fluid for the expansion of the expansion element. The fluid can thus be supplied to the interior via the fluid connection in such a way that the expansion element expands or expands and the two components are correspondingly pushed away from one another in order to release their connection.The connecting piece or the cavity present therein is closed by means of the plug in the direction of the external environment. This means that the cavity fluidically adjoins the interior of the expansion cushion, wherein the cavity is bounded by the plug on its side facing away from the expansion cushion. The plug is arranged in a fluid-tight manner in the connecting piece or connected thereto, so that overall the interior and the cavity of the expansion element are separated from the plug in terms of flow from the external environment.The plug consists of the polymer, in particular therefore of a material which is different from the material of the expansion cushion and / or the material of the connecting piece. The use of the polymer has the advantage that the plug is on the one hand easily identifiable and on the other hand easily breakable, so that the supply of the fluid into the interior of the expansion cushion is possible. An elastomer or a plastic is used as the polymer, for example. The plug is preferably completely accommodated in the connecting piece. Particularly preferably, the plug is connected to the connecting piece in a materially integral manner, in particular circumferentially and continuously in at least one direction. Additionally or alternatively, the plug is held in a form-fitting manner in the connecting piece.For example, a fluid line, in particular a flexible hose line, is connected to the connecting piece, in particular in that the fluid line reaches through the stopper. The fluid line is led out of the adhesive layer, i.e. is accessible from outside the adhesive layer. It can also be provided that the fluid line reaches through one of the components, in particular is arranged in a recess of the component, so that the fluid can be introduced into the expansion element from a side of the component facing away from the adhesive layer through the fluid line. Preferably, a fluid coupling, which is fluidically connected to the fluid line, for connecting a fluid source is arranged and / or fastened on the component. The described configuration enables simple handling of the expansion element, in particular during disassembly of the component arrangement.A further development of the invention provides that the expansion element, in particular the expansion cushion, has larger dimensions in at least one first direction, which runs parallel to a central plane passing through the gap in the middle, than in a second direction perpendicular to the central plane. Reference has already been made to the definition of the central plane and of the first direction and of the second direction. The first direction or the mutually perpendicular first directions are each parallel to the central plane which is arranged centrally in the gap, in particular they are situated in the central plane. The second direction is perpendicular to the central plane and therefore also to the first direction or the first directions. In the at least one first direction, but preferably in both first directions, the expansion element or the expansion cushion has larger dimensions than in the second direction, so that the planar configuration is implemented in a structurally simple manner.A further development of the invention provides that a region enclosing the expansion element, in particular the expansion cushion, has dimensions of at least dimensions of the expansion element in the respective direction in two directions which are perpendicular to one another and each run parallel to the central plane, plus a gap depth of the gap in a direction which is perpendicular to the central plane, and the gap has a gap depth over the region which changes by at most 20%, at most 10% or at most 5%. In other words, the expansion element or the expansion pad is therefore located in the region of the adhesive layer over which the gap depth or layer thickness does not change or only slightly changes.The region has dimensions determined in the directions perpendicular to each other and parallel to the median plane or in its direction. These correspond to the dimensions of the expansion element or of the expansion cushion in the respective direction plus the gap depth of the gap, preferably plus the gap depth multiplied by a factor of at least 2, at least 5 or at least 10. Around the expansion element or the expansion cushion, the gap depth does not change, or at most slightly, namely within the scope of the stated values. This achieves a reliable detachment of the two components from one another with low surface pressure.A further development of the invention provides that the expansion element has two plate-shaped parts joined at the edge and delimiting the interior, which also form the connecting piece and delimit the cavity. The parts are joined to one another at their edges, for example are fastened to one another in a materially bonded and / or form-fitting manner. Away from their edges, the parts are preferably planar, in particular continuous, at least on their side facing the closest component. The joining of the edges of the parts is effected, for example, in a materially integral manner by welding, soldering or adhesive bonding and / or in a positively locking manner, in particular by forming joining, for example by flanging, folding, clinching or the like.In any case, the two parts are connected to one another in a fluid-tight manner via their edges. This achieves the planar configuration of the expansion cushion in a simple manner. For this purpose, the plate-shaped parts delimit the interior of the expansion cushion. In addition, the plate-shaped parts also form the connecting piece, namely by delimiting the cavity. In particular, the two parts together completely and continuously delimit an opening opening of the cavity in at least one direction in which the plug is arranged. The plug is preferably connected to both parts, in particular in a materially bonded and / or form-fitting manner. Accordingly, a comparatively simple construction of the expansion element results.A further development of the invention provides that the parts consist of metal or at least comprise metal. The expansion element is made, in this respect, at least in regions of metal, namely of the metallic parts. As the metal, for example, steel, preferably stainless steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy, or the like is used. The use of metal for the expansion element has the advantage of a high strength of the adhesive layer, since this is not impaired by the embedding of an elastic element.A further development of the invention provides that the interior of the expansion cushion is at least partially filled with a filling element and the interior and the cavity are connected to one another via a transition space which has a height which is reduced compared to the interior for the positive retention of the filling element in the interior. The interior is preferably completely filled with the filling element, so that the filling element abuts the parts of the expansion element on opposite sides.The expansion element is configured such that the filling element is held reliably in the interior space, so that it cannot therefore enter the cavity. For this purpose, the interior and the cavity are connected to one another via the transition space, in particular in terms of flow. The transition space has a reduced height compared to the interior space, preferably additionally a reduced height compared to the cavity. In particular, the height of the transition space is less than a height of the filling element, so that the filling element is held in the interior space in a form-fitting manner and cannot pass into the cavity via the transition space. This reliably keeps the cavity free for supplying the fluid.A further development of the invention provides that the filling element consists of a filling material which connects the plate-shaped parts to one another, in particular fixes them to one another in a materially bonded manner. The filling material is preferably a material which on the one hand ensures a simple expansion of the expansion element reliably and on the other hand prevents the strength of the adhesive layer from being impaired. For this purpose, it is provided that the filling material connects the plate-shaped parts to one another or the plate-shaped parts are held against one another via the filling material. For example, it is provided here that the filling material engages the parts of the expansion element in a materially integral manner. For this purpose, an adhesive is used in particular as filling material, wherein this adhesive has a lower strength than the adhesive of the adhesive layer. For example, the filling material is an adhesive pad. Thus, on the one hand, the releasability of the material-bonded connection between the components and, on the other hand, a high strength of the connection are achieved.A further development of the invention provides that the expansion element is designed in such a way that during expansion its dimensions increase in a first direction and decrease in a second direction different from the first direction, so that the components are forced away from one another and a cavity released by the expansion element is formed in the adhesive layer. The two directions are preferably perpendicular to each other. The first direction is in particular the direction perpendicular to the central plane, whereas the at least one second direction is completely accommodated in the central plane or runs parallel thereto.The expansion of the expansion element takes place in such a way that, as a result of the expansion of the expansion element in the first direction, the two components are forced away from one another in order to release the cohesive connection between them. At the same time, the expansion in the first direction reduces the dimensions of the expansion element in the at least one second direction, in particular in a plurality of mutually perpendicular second directions. Accordingly, the expansion element releases the cavity which is not filled with the adhesive. This further simplifies the detachment of the two components from one another.A further development of the invention provides that at least one fluid channel is produced in the filling material. The fluid channel is fluidically connected to the fluid connection or the connecting piece, in particular it adjoins the latter within the expansion element. Fluid introduced into the expansion element through the connecting piece consequently flows through the expansion element along the fluid channel. The fluid channel penetrates the filling material completely in one direction, for example, and is therefore present in the filling material on both sides open at the edge. This means, for example, that it is bounded on opposite sides by the preferably plate-shaped parts of the expansion element.However, it can alternatively also be provided that the fluid channel is present in the filling material in a border-closed manner, i.e. is bounded by the filling material in at least one imaginary plane. In a further alternative, the fluid channel is configured as a depression in the filling material, so that it reaches through the filling material only on one side and has a base formed by the filling material on another side. In any case, the fluid channel is preferably closed at the end, i.e. on its side facing away from the fluid connection.It can be provided that the fluid channel is produced by punching the filling material, for example if this is present as an adhesive pad. However, it can also be provided that the fluid channel is formed by producing an adhesive bead in the expansion element. The fluid channel has a length which preferably corresponds to at least 40%, at least 50% or at least 60% of a maximum extent of the expansion element, such that the fluid channel passes through the expansion element to a relevant extent. The fluid channel is designed, for example, in a meandering fashion, so that it has a length that is greater than 50% of the maximum extent of the expansion element. The fluid channel preferably has a volume which is smaller than a volume of the filling material. In particular, the volume of the fluid channel is at most 15%, at most 10% or at most 5% of the volume of the filler material.For example, the fluid channel passes through the expansion element in a first region in a first direction by at least 70%, at least 80% or at least 90%. This first region is adjoined by a reversal region in which the fluid channel changes its direction and runs at least in regions in a second direction arranged perpendicular to the first direction. The reversal region is followed by a second region in which the fluid channel passes through the expansion element again in the first direction by at least 70%, at least 80% or at least 90%. The second region is arranged, in particular in the second direction, at a distance from the first region. The fluid channel preferably has a plurality of repetitions of the first region, the reversal region and the second region. The second region is again followed by a reversal region, followed by a further first region, and so on.Particularly preferably, there are a plurality of fluid channels, each of which can be designed in the manner described, for example exactly two or exactly three fluid channels. The plurality of fluid channels are each connected to the connecting piece, for example they each start from it and preferably extend in opposite directions. In particular, the plurality of fluid channels each run in a meandering fashion. The fluid channel or the plurality of fluid channels ensures that the fluid can flow into the expansion element, thus ensuring reliable and uniform expansion and forcing the components apart.A further development of the invention provides that a flow cross section of the cavity decreases, preferably continuously, from the direction of the stopper in the direction of the interior. This means in particular that the distance between the two parts away from the stopper decreases in the direction of the interior space, in particular until it reaches its minimum in the region of the transition space. Preferably, it is provided that the distance of the parts in the interior space of the expansion cushion is smaller than dimensions of the plug in the same direction, so that the plug thus protrudes beyond the interior space, in particular on both sides. Finally, this means that the plug has larger dimensions in the vertical direction than the interior space. This ensures reliable feeding of the fluid into the interior via the connecting piece.A further development of the invention provides that the connecting piece is mounted on the expansion cushion so as to be pivotable about at least one pivot axis. In particular, the parts of the expansion element are therefore configured to be flexible or deformable, preferably elastic, at least in the region of the pivot axis. For example, the expansion element is configured such that the connecting piece can be angled by at least 90°, at least 120° or at least 150°, i.e. can be pivoted about the pivot axis in order to arrange the connecting piece in a fitting manner or to arrange it advantageously for introducing the fluid into the interior.A further development of the invention provides that a fluid line is accommodated in the plug, which is connected fluidically to the cavity. The fluid line passes through the plug from the direction of the external environment in the direction of the cavity, so that it is connected fluidically to the cavity. For example, it protrudes into the cavity for this purpose. The supply of the fluid into the interior space is possible via the fluid line. It can be provided that the fluid line is already arranged or arranged in the plug during the production of the component arrangement, so that the fluid line preferably runs between the two components. However, it can also be provided that the fluid line is only introduced into the plug subsequently, namely from the direction of the external environment, until it is connected to the cavity by flow technology, in particular protrudes into the latter. This ensures flexible handling of the expansion element.The invention further relates to a component arrangement for a motor vehicle, having a first component, having a second component which is spaced apart from the first component at least in regions by way of a gap and is connected to the first component by a material bond via an adhesive layer present in the gap, and having an expansion element which is arranged in the gap, in particular an expansion element according to the statements in the context of this description and is provided and configured to urge the components away from one another by expansion and to release the material bond. It is provided here that the expansion element has a planar expansion cushion from which a connecting piece starts, in which a cavity is present which is connected in terms of flow to an interior of the expansion cushion and is closed by means of a plug, in particular made of a polymer.The advantages of such a configuration of the component arrangement or of the expansion element have already been pointed out. Both the component arrangement and the expansion element can be further developed according to the explanations within the scope of this description, so that reference is made to these in this respect.The invention naturally also relates to a motor vehicle having a component arrangement, namely a component arrangement according to the statements in this description. With regard to the advantages and possible advantageous developments of the motor vehicle or of the component arrangement, reference is made in its entirety to the description.The invention further relates to a method for producing a component arrangement for a motor vehicle, in particular a component arrangement according to the explanations in this description, wherein the component arrangement has a first component and a second component spaced apart from the first component at least in regions by a gap and bonded to the first component by an adhesive layer present in the gap, wherein an expansion element is arranged in the gap, which expansion element is provided and configured to urge the components away from one another by expansion and to release the bonded connection. It is provided here that the expansion element has a planar expansion cushion from which a connecting piece starts, in which a cavity is present which is connected in terms of flow to an interior of the expansion cushion and is closed by means of a plug, in particular made of a polymer.The advantages of such a procedure or such a configuration of the component arrangement have already been pointed out. Both the component arrangement and the method for producing it can be further developed according to the explanations in this description, so that in this respect reference is made to it.In addition, the invention relates to a method for disassembling a component arrangement for a motor vehicle, in particular a component arrangement according to this description, wherein the component arrangement has a first component, a second component which is spaced apart from the first component at least in regions over a gap and is bonded to the first component via an adhesive layer present in the gap, and an expansion element which is arranged in the gap and is expanded by application of fluid and, by expansion, pushes the components away from one another and releases the bonded connection. It is provided here that the expansion element has a planar expansion cushion from which a connecting piece starts, in which a cavity is present which is in fluidic connection with an interior of the expansion cushion and is closed by means of a plug, in particular made of a polymer.Again, with regard to the advantages and possible advantageous developments, reference is made to the explanations in this description.A further development of the invention provides that a fluid line is introduced into the expansion element through the plug in such a way that it is in fluidic connection with the cavity. The plug can be introduced into the fluid line already before the production or during the production of the component arrangement. Particularly preferably, however, the fluid line is introduced into the expansion element through the plug only during the disassembly of the component arrangement. For this purpose, the fluid line has, for example, a tip with which it is introduced into the plug in front. This enables a simple fluidic connection of the fluid line to the cavity and thus to the interior.The features and combinations of features described in the description, in particular the features and combinations of features described in the following description of the figures and / or shown in the figures, can be used not only in the respectively specified combination but also in other combinations or alone, provided that the scope defined by the claims is not thereby left. Embodiments are therefore also to be considered as encompassed by the invention which are not explicitly shown or explained in the description and / or the figures, but which emerge from the explained embodiments or can be derived from them.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. The following shows: FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a component arrangement for a motor vehicle having an expansion element in a first state, FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of the component arrangement with the expansion element in a second state, FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a motor vehicle with an exemplary configuration of the component arrangement as a motor vehicle component arrangement, FIG. 4 shows a schematic sectional illustration of the expansion element, which has a planar expansion cushion and a connecting piece which originates from the latter and is closed by means of a stopper, and FIG. 5 shows a schematic sectional illustration of the expansion element in the region of the connecting piece.FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a component arrangement 1, which is used for a motor vehicle, for example. The component arrangement 1 has a first component 2 and a second component 3, which are shown only in regions, namely in a region in which they are connected to one another in a materially integral manner. Between the components 2 and 3 there is a gap 4 in which an adhesive layer 5 made of adhesive is produced for the materially bonded connection of the two components 2 and 3. An expansion element 6 is arranged in the gap 4 or in the adhesive layer 5. The expansion element 6 serves to release the cohesive connection between the components 2 and 3 by being forced away from one another by the expansion element 6.The expansion element 6 is shown in a first state, in which it is not expanded, i.e. has smaller dimensions. The first state is an initial state of the expansion element 6, in which it is arranged in the gap 4 or in the adhesive layer 5 during the production of the component arrangement 1. The gap 4 is traversed centrally by an imaginary central plane 7. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the central plane 7 is arranged parallel to the two components 2 and 3. An imaginary axis 8 is perpendicular to the central plane 7.The expansion element 6 has an expansion cushion which is configured in a planar manner. The expansion cushion therefore has larger dimensions in at least one first direction, which lies completely in the imaginary central plane 7 or is arranged parallel thereto, than in a second direction running in the direction of the axis 8. For example, the expansion cushion is composed of two plate-shaped parts 9 and 10, which are joined to one another at their edges, preferably in a form-fitting and / or materially integral manner. The two parts 9 and 10 together enclose an interior 11 in which a filling material 12 is present.It can be seen that outer surfaces 13 and 14 of the expansion cushion, which face the components 2 and 3, are planar in the first state of the expansion element 6, so that a rectangular shape of the expansion cushion results in cross section.FIG. 2 again shows a schematic illustration of the component arrangement 1, wherein, however, the expansion element 6 is present in a second state in which it is expanded. It can be clearly seen that the expansion cushion of the expansion element 6 has expanded in the direction of the axis 8 by the expansion, whereas it has smaller dimensions in the direction lying in the central plane 7 than in the first state. Accordingly, the expansion of the expansion element 6 in the adhesive layer 5 produces at least one cavity 15.Preferably, a plurality of cavities 15 are formed on opposite sides of the expansion element 6 or a continuous cavity 15 which surrounds the expansion element 6, for example in the form of a ring. The expansion of the expansion element 6 produces, on the one hand, the at least one cavity 15 and, on the other hand, the components 2 and 3 are forced away from one another, namely in the direction of the axis 8.FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a motor vehicle 16 which has a plurality of component arrangements 1. The motor vehicle 16 has, for example, a plurality of motor vehicle components 17, 18 and 19, wherein the motor vehicle component 17 is, for example, a front vehicle component, the motor vehicle component 18 is an underbody component and the motor vehicle component 19 is a rear vehicle component. The motor vehicle component 18 is connected to each of the motor vehicle components 17 and 19 in a materially integral manner, namely via a respective adhesive layer 5.In each of the adhesive layers 5, one of a plurality of expansion elements 6 is arranged in order to be able to reliably remove the motor vehicle components 17, 18 and 19 from one another, in particular within the scope of dismantling the motor vehicle 16. For example, a fluid line is led out of the respective expansion element 6, which line protrudes from the adhesive layer 5 on its side facing away from the expansion element 6 and can be acted upon by fluid from there. Due to the resulting expansion of the expansion element 6, the components 2 and 3 or the motor vehicle component 17, 18 and 19 are forced away from one another and at the same time the respective adhesive layer 5 is broken open. Accordingly, the cohesive connection between motor vehicle components 17, 18 and 19 is reliably released, resulting in good re-usability of component arrangement 1 or motor vehicle 16.FIG. 4 shows a schematic sectional illustration of the expansion element 6, It can be seen that the expansion element 6 has the planar expansion cushion 20 which encloses the interior 11, namely with the aid of the two parts 9 and 10 which are connected to one another in a sealed manner at their edges 21. The filling material 12 forms a filling element 22 arranged in the interior 11 of the expansion cushion 20, in which at least one fluid channel 23, in the exemplary embodiment shown here a plurality of fluid channels 23 and 24, are produced. The interior 11 or the fluid channels 23 and 24 are fluidically connected to a connecting piece 25 or a cavity 26 present therein.The connecting piece 25 is, like the interior 11, bounded by the two parts 9 and 10 of the expansion element 6. The cavity 26 merges via a transition chamber 27 into the interior 11. The transition chamber 27 has a lower height than the filling element 22, so that the filling element 22 is held in the interior 11 in a form-fitting manner and cannot pass through the transition chamber 27 into the cavity 26. In addition, the expansion element 6 is designed in the region of the transition chamber 27 in such a way that the connecting piece 25 can be pivoted about a pivot axis 28 with respect to the expansion cushion 20.On its side facing away from the interior 11, the connecting piece 25 or cavity is closed by means of a plug 29, which is preferably held in the connecting piece 24 in a form-fitting manner, for example by a corresponding configuration of the parts 9 and 10. This makes it possible to introduce a fluid line 30, not shown here, through the plug 29 into the expansion element 6, namely in such a way that it is in flow communication with the cavity 26 and via the latter with the interior 11.FIG. 5 shows a side sectional illustration of the connecting piece 25 in schematic form. In an uppermost first illustration, the stopper 29 is configured uninterruptedly, so that it reliably closes the connecting piece 25 or the cavity 26 in the direction of the external environment. In a middle second illustration, it is shown how the tipped fluid conduit 30 is inserted into the plug 29 until it reaches the cavity 26. Accordingly, fluid can subsequently be introduced into the expansion element 6 via the fluid line 30. The lowermost third illustration shows a variant of the expansion element 6, in which the fluid line 30 has already been introduced into the plug 29 before the arrangement of the expansion element 6 in the gap 4. This means that the fluid line 30 is installed together with the expansion element 6. In any case, the advantages already described for the expansion element 6 are achieved.LIST OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS:1 Component arrangement 2 1 Component 3 2 Component 4 Gap 5 Adhesive layer 6 Expansion element 7 Central plane 8 Axis 9 Part 10 Part 11 Interior space 12 Filling material 13 Outer surface 14 Outer surface 15 Cavity 16 Motor vehicle 17 Motor vehicle component 18 Motor vehicle component 19 Motor vehicle component 20 Expansion cushion 21 Edge 22 Filling element 23 Fluid channel 24 Fluid channel 25 Connecting piece 26 Cavity 27 Transition space 28 Pivot axis 29 Plug 30 Fluid line

Claims

Expansion element (6) for a component arrangement (1) of a motor vehicle (16), wherein the component arrangement (1) has a first component (2) and a second component (3) which is spaced apart from the first component (2) at least in regions by a gap (4) and is connected to the first component (2) by a substance-to-substance bond layer (5) present in the gap (4), and wherein the expansion element (6) is arranged in the gap (4) and is provided and configured to urge the components (2, 3) away from one another and to release the substance-to-substance bond by expansion, characterized in that the expansion element (6) has a planar expansion cushion (20), from which a connecting piece (25) starts, in which a cavity (26) which is in a fluid connection with an interior space (11) of the expansion cushion (20) and is closed by means of a plug (29) is present.Expansion element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the expansion element (6) has two plate-shaped parts (9, 10) which are joined on the edge and delimit the interior space (11) and also form the connecting piece (25) and delimit the cavity (26).Expansion element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the interior space (11) of the expansion cushion (20) is at least partially filled with a filling element (22), and the interior space (11) and the cavity (26) are connected to one another via a transition space (27) which, for positively retaining the filling element (22) in the interior space (11), has a height which is reduced in comparison with the interior space (11).Expansion element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a flow cross section of the cavity (26) decreases from the direction of the plug (29) in the direction of the interior space (11).Expansion element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting piece (25) is mounted on the expansion cushion (20) such that it can be pivoted about at least one pivot axis (28).Expansion element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plug (29) accommodates a fluid line (30) which is connected fluidically to the cavity (26).Component arrangement (1) for a motor vehicle (16), having a first component (2), having a second component (3) which is spaced apart from the first component (2) at least in regions via a gap (4) and is connected to the first component (2) by means of a substance-to-substance bond via an adhesive layer (5) present in the gap (4), and having an expansion element (6) arranged in the gap (4), in particular an expansion element (6) according to one or more of the preceding claims, which expansion element is provided and configured to urge the components (2, 3) away from one another and to release the substance-to-substance bond by expansion, characterized in that the expansion element (6) has a planar expansion cushion (20), from which a connecting piece (24) originates, in which a cavity (26) which is in fluid connection with an interior (11) of the expansion cushion (20) and is closed by means of a plug (29) is present.Method for producing a component arrangement (1) for a motor vehicle, in particular a component arrangement (1) according to Claim 7, wherein the component arrangement (1) has a first component (2) and a second component (3) which is spaced apart from the first component (2) at least in regions by a gap (4) and is connected to the first component (2) by a material bond via an adhesive layer (5) present in the gap (4), wherein an expansion element (6) is arranged in the gap (4) and is provided and configured to urge the components (2, 3) away from one another by expansion and to release the material bond, characterized in that the expansion element (6) has a planar expansion cushion (20), from which a connecting piece (25) extends, in which a cavity (26) which is connected by flow technology to an interior (11) of the expansion cushion (20) is present, which is closed by means of a plug (29).Method for disassembling a component arrangement (1) for a motor vehicle (16), in particular a component arrangement (1) according to claim 7, wherein the component arrangement (1) has a first component (2), a second component (3) which is spaced apart from the first component (2) at least in regions by a gap (4) and is connected to the first component (2) by a material bond via an adhesive layer (5) present in the gap (4) and an expansion element (6) which is arranged in the gap (4) and is expanded by application of fluid and, by expansion, forces the components (2, 3) away from one another and releases the material bond, characterized in that the expansion element (6) has a planar expansion pad (20), from which a connecting piece (25) starts, in which a cavity (26) which is connected by flow to an interior (11) of the expansion pad (20) is present, which is closed by means of a plug (29).Method according to claim 9, characterised in that a fluid line (30) is introduced into the expansion element (6) through the plug (29) in such a way that it is in fluidic connection with the cavity (26).

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