Double shape memory alloy actuators

Abstract

A first and a second locking element are movable to an extended position and a retracted position. A first actuator assembly is supported by a first end of a printed circuit board (PCB) and has a first actuator body connected to the first locking element. A second actuator assembly is supported by a second end of the PCB and has a second actuator connected to the second locking element. Each actuator body is in electrical contact with an electrical contact pad on a first side of the PCB and with an electrical contact pad on a second side of the PCB. The first and second FGL actuators extend between the first and second actuator bodies. Each actuator moves the corresponding first or second locking element to the retracted position in response to an electrical input signal.

Description

background

[0001] Seats can contain wood / upholstery valves and massage valves arranged in a valve assembly. The valves inflate or deflate associated inflatable elements within the seat. The valves are typically arranged in a valve manifold and include actuators used to open and close them. Fitting conventional valve actuators into various seat configurations can be challenging due to their size and complexity.

[0002] DE 10 2018 200 635 A1 relates to an actuator device with a bending actuator having a bending element of elongated shape. The actuator device further comprises a fastening section for fixing the bending element and a working section projecting away from the fastening section, which can be deflected transversely to its longitudinal axis by means of an activation means.

[0003] WO 2019 / 149 498 A1 concerns an actuator unit for actuating a valve for a pneumatic adjustment device of a vehicle seat and a valve with such an actuator unit. Technical problem and solution of the invention

[0004] The objective technical problem is to specify a device and a method that overcome the challenges or shortcomings of the prior art. This problem is solved by a device having the features of claim 1 or a method having the features of claim 14. Summary

[0005] According to a first aspect of the invention, a device for structurally supporting double FGL actuators on a single printed circuit board is provided. The device comprises: a first closing element that can be moved into an extended position and a retracted position; a second locking element that can be moved into an extended position and a retracted position; a printed circuit board extending from a first end to a second end and having a first side and a second side opposite the first side, wherein the first side has several first electrical contact surfaces and the second side has several second electrical contact surfaces; a first actuator arrangement which is supported by the first end of the printed circuit board, wherein the first actuator arrangement has a first actuator body which is coupled to the first closing element, and wherein the first actuator body is in electrical contact with at least one electrical contact surface of the several first electrical contact surfaces and with at least one electrical contact surface of the several second electrical contact surfaces; a second actuator arrangement which is supported by the second end of the circuit board, wherein the second actuator arrangement has a second actuator body which is connected to the second closing element, and wherein the second actuator body is in electrical contact with at least one electrical contact surface of the several first electrical contact surfaces and with at least one electrical contact surface of the several second electrical contact surfaces; a first shape memory alloy actuator extending between the first actuator body and the second actuator body, wherein the first shape memory alloy actuator moves the first closing element into the retracted or closed position in response to an electrical input signal; and a second shape memory alloy actuator extending between the first actuator body and the second actuator body, wherein the second shape memory alloy actuator moves the second closing element into the retracted or closed position in response to an electrical input signal.

[0006] The device may additionally include one of the following features, either alone or in any combination.

[0007] In one example, the first locking element and the second locking element in the device can be operated independently of each other.

[0008] In one example, the first locking element and the second locking element in the device can be operated together.

[0009] In one example, the device features a circuit board that has a single printed circuit board.

[0010] In one example, in the device, the first actuator body and the second actuator body are exclusively supported or held by the circuit board.

[0011] In one example, the first actuator arrangement and the second actuator arrangement in the device can be actuated along a single axis of movement.

[0012] In one example, the following applies to the device: The first actuator arrangement further indicates a first movable fastening coupling point which is movable relative to the first actuator body and is connected to at least one of the several first electrical contact surfaces, and a first fixed fastening coupling point which is attached to the first actuator body and connected to at least one of the several second electrical contact surfaces; and wherein the second actuator arrangement a second movable fastening coupling point that is movable relative to the second actuator body and is connected to at least one of the several second electrical contact surfaces, and a second fixed fastening coupling point that is attached to the second actuator body and is connected to at least one of the several first electrical contact surfaces.

[0013] In one example, the following applies to the device: The first shape memory alloy actuator has a first end that is attached to the first movable mounting coupling point, and a second end that is attached to the second fixed mounting coupling point; and The second shape memory alloy actuator has a first end that is attached to the second movable mounting coupling point and a second end that is attached to the first fixed mounting coupling point.

[0014] In one example, the following applies to the device: The first actuator body has a first sliding guide and the second actuator body has a second sliding guide. and the first actuator body comprises: a first sliding connector or a first sliding joint which is connected to one side of the first sliding guide, wherein the first sliding connector has a first movable crimp connection point which touches at least one electrical contact surface of the several first electrical contact surfaces; and the second actuator body comprises: a second sliding connector connected to one side of the second sliding guide, wherein the second sliding connector has a second movable crimp connection point and contacts at least one of the several second electrical contact surfaces.

[0015] In one example, the following applies to the device: A first crimp connection point is attached to an opposite side of the first sliding guide and is in contact with at least one electrical contact surface of the several second electrical contact surfaces; A second crimp connection point is attached to an opposite side of the second sliding guide and is in contact with at least one electrical contact surface of the several first electrical contact surfaces; The first shape memory alloy actuator has a first conductor extending from the first movable crimp connection of the first sliding guide to the second crimp connection of the second sliding guide; and The second shape memory alloy actuator has a second conductor extending from the second movable crimp connection point of the second sliding guide to the first crimp connection point of the first sliding guide.

[0016] In one example, the device is configured such that a first elastic element pre-tensions the first closing element into the extended position, and a second elastic element pre-tensions the second closing element into the extended position, and where: the first elastic element is externally attached and performs a reaction between a first sliding guide and the first sliding connector, and the second elastic element is externally attached and performs a reaction between a second sliding guide and the second sliding connector, or the first elastic element is enclosed in a first section of the actuator and surrounds at least one section of the first closing element, and the second elastic element is enclosed in a second section of the actuator and surrounds at least one section of the second closing element.

[0017] In one example, the device has the following features: the first locking element and the second locking element: a valve tip or valve head; or a quick-release element.

[0018] In one example, the device has one or more controllers that receive commands, and upon determining that an activation command or a deactivation command has been received, the one or more controllers switch the associated first shape memory alloy actuator or the second shape memory alloy actuator on or off.

[0019] In one example, the device includes at least one air shield connected to each closing element.

[0020] According to a second aspect of the invention, a method for structurally holding or fastening double FGL actuators on a single printed circuit board is provided. The method comprises: Providing a printed circuit board extending from a first end to a second end and having a first side and a second side opposite the first side, wherein the first side has multiple first electrical contact pads and the second side has multiple second electrical contact pads;

[0021] Holding or fastening a first actuator assembly to the first end of the circuit board, wherein the first actuator assembly has a first actuator body coupled to a first closing element which is movable into an extended position and a retracted position or position; bringing the first actuator body into electrical contact with at least one electrical contact surface of the several first electrical contact surfaces and with at least one electrical contact surface of the several second electrical contact surfaces;

[0022] Holding or attaching a second actuator assembly to the second end of the circuit board, wherein the second actuator assembly has a second actuator body coupled to a second closing element which is movable into an extended position and a retracted position; Bringing the second actuator body into electrical contact with at least one electrical contact surface of the several first electrical contact surfaces and with at least one electrical contact surface of the several second electrical contact surfaces; Coupling a first shape memory alloy actuator with the first actuator body and the second actuator body; Coupling a second shape memory alloy actuator to the first actuator body and the second actuator body; Moving the first closing element into the retracted or closed position by the first shape memory alloy actuator in response to an electrical input signal; and Moving the second locking element into the retracted or closed position by the second shape memory alloy actuator in response to an electrical input signal.

[0023] The method may additionally include one of the following features, either alone or in any combination.

[0024] In one example, the procedure involves independently moving the first locking element and the second locking element relative to each other.

[0025] In one example, the procedure involves simultaneously moving the first locking element and the second locking element.

[0026] In one example, the method involves holding the first actuator body and the second actuator body solely with the printed circuit board.

[0027] In one example, the procedure involves actuating the first actuator assembly and the second actuator assembly along a single axis of movement.

[0028] In one example, the procedure involves pre-tensioning the first locking element and the second locking element into the extended position.

[0029] In one example, the method comprises: crimping or squeezing one end of the first shape memory alloy actuator to the first actuator assembly and crimping or squeezing an opposite end of the first shape memory alloy actuator to the second actuator assembly; pressing one end of the second shape memory alloy actuator against the second actuator assembly and pressing an opposite end of the second shape memory alloy actuator against the first actuator assembly; and, upon detection of the receipt of a deactivation command or an activation command, switching on or off the corresponding first or second shape memory alloy actuator. I. In one example, the actuator arrangement provides potentiometric sensing with a sliding contact along the circuit board.

[0030] In one example, a device exhibits: a locking element that can be moved into an extended position and a retracted or closed position; an actuator arrangement coupled to the locking element and comprising at least one movable electrical contact element that is movable with the locking element; a printed circuit board with multiple electrical contact surfaces, wherein at least one of the multiple electrical surfaces has a variable resistivity and wherein the at least one movable electrical contact element is in sliding contact with the at least one electrical surface; and one or more controllers that control the movement of the at least one movable electrical contact element, wherein the one or more controllers: receive resistance data from the sliding movement of the at least one movable electrical contact element along the at least one electrical surface and, according to a detection of a change in resistance, determine a relative position or displacement of the closing element.

[0031] The device may include one or more of the following features, either alone or in any combination. In one example, the at least one electrical contact surface has several different materials.

[0032] In one example, each material has a different specific resistance.

[0033] In one example, the relative position or displacement of the closing element is determined based on the measured specific resistance, and the displacement or position determination of the closing element is introduced into a control loop strategy or feedback control strategy.

[0034] In one example, the locking element has a first locking element that can be moved into an extended position and a retracted or closed position, and a second locking element that can be moved into an extended position and a retracted position, wherein the first locking element and the second locking element are movable along a single axis of movement.

[0035] In one example, the actuator arrangement has a first actuator arrangement coupled to the first locking element, wherein the at least one movable electrical contact element has at least one first movable electrical contact element that is movable with the first locking element, and a second actuator arrangement coupled to the second locking element has at least one second movable electrical contact element that is movable with the second locking element.

[0036] In an example: the printed circuit board has a first side and a second side opposite the first side, and wherein the multiple electrical contact surfaces have multiple first electrical contact surfaces on the first side and multiple second electrical contact surfaces on the second side; at least one first electrical surface or surface of the multiple first electrical surfaces has a variable resistivity; and at least one second electrical surface of the multiple second electrical surfaces has a variable resistivity.

[0037] In one example, the at least one first electrical surface has several first materials, each with a different resistivity, and the at least one second electrical surface has several second materials, each with a different resistivity.

[0038] In one example, the multiple first materials contain at least three different materials, and the multiple second materials contain at least three different materials.

[0039] In one example, the configuration has one or more controllers for: receiving resistance data from the sliding movement of the at least one first movable electrical contact element along the at least one first electrical surface and, in accordance with a detection of a change in resistance, determining a relative position or displacement of the first closing element; and receiving resistance data from the sliding movement of the at least one second movable electrical contact element along the at least one second electrical surface and, in accordance with a detection of a change in resistance, determining a relative position or displacement of the second closing element.

[0040] In one example, the at least one movable electrical contact element has a rigid rod or a flexible cable.

[0041] In one example, a procedure includes: Providing a printed circuit board with multiple electrical contact pads, wherein at least one of the multiple electrical contact pads has a variable specific resistance;

[0042] Moving a locking element into an extended position and a retracted position by means of an actuator arrangement having at least one movable electrical contact element that is movable with the locking element;

[0043] Monitoring the specific resistance while the at least one movable electrical contact element slides along the at least one electrical contact surface; and upon detection of a change in specific resistance, determination of a relative position or displacement of the closing element.

[0044] The process can include one or more of the following steps / features, either alone or in any combination thereof. For example, the at least one electrical contact surface contains several different materials.

[0045] In one example, each material has a different specific resistance.

[0046] In one example, the procedure involves measuring the specific resistance to determine the relative position or displacement of the closing element, and introducing the displacement or position determination of the closing element into a control loop strategy or a control loop with feedback.

[0047] In one example, the locking element has a first locking element that can be moved into an extended position and a retracted position, and the method includes a second locking element that can be moved into an extended position and a retracted position, and actuating the first locking element and the second locking element along a single axis of movement.

[0048] In one example, the actuator arrangement comprises a first actuator arrangement coupled to the first locking element, wherein the at least one movable electrical contact element has at least one first movable electrical contact element that is movable with the first locking element, and the method comprises providing a second actuator arrangement coupled to the second locking element and having at least one second movable electrical contact element that is movable with the second locking element.

[0049] In one example, the printed circuit board has a first side and a second side opposite the first side, and wherein the multiple electrical contact surfaces include multiple first electrical contact surfaces on the first side and multiple second electrical contact surfaces on the second side; at least one first electrical surface of the multiple first electrical surfaces has a variable resistivity; and at least one second electrical surface of the multiple second electrical surfaces has a variable resistivity.

[0050] In one example, the at least one first electrical surface has several first materials, each with a different resistivity, and the at least one second electrical surface has several second materials, each with a different resistivity.

[0051] In one example, the procedure includes: Receiving resistance data from the sliding movement of the at least one first movable electrical contact element along the at least one first electrical surface and determining a relative position or displacement of the first closing element according to an identification or detection of a change in resistance; and

[0052] Receiving resistance data from the sliding movement of the at least one second movable electrical contact element along the at least one second electrical surface and determining a relative position or displacement of the second closing element according to an identification of a change in resistance. II. In one example, an arrangement has coupled actuators, wherein an active actuator and a passive actuator are coupled to move together.

[0053] In one example, a device includes: a first closing element that can be moved into an extended position and a retracted position; a second locking element that can be moved into an extended position and a retracted position; a printed circuit board extending from a first end to a second end, having a first side and a second side opposite the first side, the first side having multiple electrical contact surfaces; a first actuator arrangement which is supported by the printed circuit board, wherein the first actuator arrangement comprises a first actuator body which is held firmly or fixed relative to the printed circuit board, and a second actuator body which is coupled to the first closing element, and wherein the first actuator body is in electrical contact with at least one of the several electrical contact surfaces; a shape memory alloy actuator extending between the first actuator body and the second actuator body, wherein the shape memory alloy actuator moves the first closing element into the retracted position in response to an electrical input signal; a second actuator arrangement having a third actuator body coupled to the second closing element; and a coupling arrangement which is driven by the second actuator body and drives the third actuator body.

[0054] The device may include one or more of the following features, either alone or in any combination. In one example, the circuit board comprises a single circuit board, with the multiple electrical contact pads located only on one side.

[0055] In one example, the shape memory alloy actuator has a single actuator that simultaneously drives both the first locking element and the second locking element.

[0056] In one example, the only actuator has a single conductor or a single line.

[0057] In one example, the single conductor is positioned only on one side of the circuit board.

[0058] In one example, the single conductor has one end that is attached to the circuit board and an opposite end that is coupled to the first locking element for movement.

[0059] In one example, the circuit board has a feedthrough with a coupling connection point that connects the third actuator body to the second actuator body.

[0060] In one example, the feedthrough has a discrete opening that extends through one thickness of the printed circuit board.

[0061] In one example, the coupler arrangement has at least one rotatable element.

[0062] In one example, the rotatable element is located directly between the second actuator body and the third actuator body.

[0063] In one example, the rotatable element has at least one gear that engages with the second actuator body and with the third actuator body.

[0064] In one example, the third actuator body is located on a side of the circuit board opposite the first actuator body and the second actuator body.

[0065] In one example, the first locking element and the second locking element each have an actuator tip or front face that features: a valve tip or valve head; or a quick-release element.

[0066] In one example, a procedure includes: Positioning a first locking element on one side of a printed circuit board, wherein the first locking element is movable into an extended position and a retracted position; Positioning a second locking element on an opposite side of the circuit board, wherein the second locking element is movable into an extended position and a retracted position;

[0067] Attaching a first actuator assembly to the printed circuit board, wherein the first actuator assembly comprises a first actuator body which is held firmly or fixed relative to the printed circuit board, and a second actuator body which is coupled to the first closing element; Bringing the first actuator body into electrical contact with at least one electrical contact surface of the circuit board; Attaching a second actuator assembly to the circuit board, wherein the second actuator assembly has a third actuator body; Connecting the third actuator body of the second actuator assembly to the second closing element; Connecting one end of a shape memory alloy actuator to the first actuator body and connecting a second end of the shape memory alloy actuator to the second actuator body; and Providing an electrical input signal to activate the shape memory alloy actuator to move the first closing element into the retracted position, while simultaneously moving the second closing element into the retracted position by driving the third actuator body through action of the second actuator body.

[0068] The process may include one of the following steps / features, either alone or in any combination thereof.

[0069] In one example, the shape memory alloy actuator has a single actuator that simultaneously drives both the first locking element and the second locking element.

[0070] In one example, the shape memory alloy actuator has a single conductor, with the single conductor being positioned only on one side of the circuit board.

[0071] In one example, the method involves attaching one end of the single conductor to the circuit board and coupling an opposite end of the single conductor in such a way that it moves together with the first locking element.

[0072] In one example, the procedure includes forming a passage with a coupling connection point and connecting the third actuator body to the second actuator body with a coupling element via the coupling connection point.

[0073] In one example, the coupling arrangement has at least one rotatable element and includes a direct engagement of the at least one rotatable element in the second actuator body and the third actuator body.

[0074] In one example, the rotatable element has at least one gear that engages with the second actuator body and the third actuator body. III. In one example, the actuator arrangement offers modularity, with pre-assembled modules that are attached to a printed circuit board to form a double actuator.

[0075] In one example, a device exhibits: a printed circuit board extending from a first end to a second end and having a first side and a second side opposite the first side, wherein the first side has several first electrical contact surfaces and the second side has several second electrical contact surfaces; a first sub-arrangement comprising a first locking element and several electrical contact elements attached to the first end of the circuit board; a second sub-arrangement with a second locking element and several electrical contact elements attached to the second end of the circuit board; a first shape memory alloy actuator extending between the first sub-arrangement and the second sub-arrangement, wherein the first shape memory alloy actuator moves the first closing element into the retracted position in response to an electrical input signal; and a second shape memory alloy actuator extending between the first sub-arrangement and the second sub-arrangement, wherein the second shape memory alloy actuator moves the second closing element into the retracted position in response to an electrical input signal.

[0076] The device may include one or more of the following features, either alone or in any combination. In one example, the second sub-arrangement is identical to the first sub-arrangement.

[0077] In one example, the second sub-arrangement and the first sub-arrangement each form a pre-assembled unit.

[0078] In one example, the first and second sub-arrangements further comprise a sliding guide, a sliding contact, a fixed crimp connection, a movable crimp connection, and an elastic element, each forming a first pre-assembled unit and a second pre-assembled unit.

[0079] In one example, the first pre-assembled unit is attached to the first end of the circuit board, and the second pre-assembled unit is attached to the second end of the circuit board in a position rotated 180 degrees relative to the first pre-assembled unit.

[0080] In one example, after the assembly of the first pre-assembled unit and the second pre-assembled unit, the first shape memory alloy actuator is mounted on the first side of the printed circuit board and the second shape memory alloy actuator is mounted on the second side of the printed circuit board, creating a final arrangement with two actuators.

[0081] In one example, the first and second sub-arrangements each have a fixed crimp connection that is held in fixed contact with the circuit board, and a movable crimp connection that moves in sliding contact relative to the circuit board.

[0082] In one example, the fixed crimp connection and the movable crimp connection have an identical shape.

[0083] In one example, the fixed crimp connection and the movable crimp connection have different shapes.

[0084] In one example, there is a single point contact with the circuit board for each fixed crimp connection point and each movable crimp connection point.

[0085] In one example, there are double electrical contacts with the circuit board for each fixed crimp connection point and each movable crimp connection point.

[0086] In one example, the first sub-arrangement and the second sub-arrangement form a dual actuator arrangement, with several dual actuator arrangements being mounted on a single printed circuit board.

[0087] In one example, a procedure includes: Providing a printed circuit board extending from a first end to a second end, having a first side and a second side opposite the first side, wherein the first side has multiple first electrical contact pads and the second side has multiple second electrical contact pads;

[0088] Mounting a first sub-assembly at the first end of the printed circuit board, the first sub-assembly comprising a first locking element and several electrical contact elements;

[0089] Mounting a second sub-assembly at the second end of the printed circuit board, the second sub-assembly comprising a second locking element and several electrical contact elements;

[0090] Connecting one end of a first shape memory alloy actuator to the first sub-arrangement and connecting an opposite end of the first shape memory alloy actuator to the second sub-arrangement;

[0091] Connecting one end of a second shape memory alloy actuator (e.g., internal structure made of shape memory alloy material) to the first sub-arrangement and an opposite end of the second shape memory alloy actuator to the second sub-arrangement; and In response to an electrical input signal to the first shape memory alloy actuator, the first locking element moves into the retracted position; and in response to an electrical input signal to the second shape memory alloy actuator, the second locking element moves into the retracted position.

[0092] The process may include one of the following steps / features, either alone or in any combination thereof.

[0093] In one example, the second subarrangement is identical to the first subarrangement.

[0094] In one example, the second sub-arrangement and the first sub-arrangement each form a pre-assembled unit.

[0095] In one example, the first and second sub-arrangements each have a sliding guide, a sliding contact, a fixed crimp connection, a movable crimp connection and an elastic element, each forming a first pre-assembled unit and a second pre-assembled unit.

[0096] In one example, the procedure involves attaching the first pre-assembled unit to the first end of the printed circuit board and attaching the second pre-assembled unit to the second end of the printed circuit board in a position rotated 180 degrees relative to the first pre-assembled unit.

[0097] In one example, the procedure after assembling the first pre-assembled unit and the second pre-assembled unit includes mounting the first shape memory alloy actuator on the first side of the printed circuit board and mounting the second shape memory alloy actuator on the second side of the printed circuit board, thereby forming a double actuator end assembly.

[0098] In one example, the first and second sub-arrangements have a fixed crimp connection that is held in fixed contact with the printed circuit board, and a movable crimp connection that moves in sliding contact relative to the printed circuit board.

[0099] In one example, the method includes providing a single contact point with the printed circuit board for each fixed and each movable crimp connection point, or providing dual electrical contacts with the printed circuit board for each fixed and each movable crimp connection point.

[0100] In one example, the process includes the integration of at least one of the fixed and movable crimp connection points by overmolding, hot stamping, press-fitting, potting, gluing, using a cutting edge or another joining technique.

[0101] Although the various examples feature the specific components shown in the figures, the embodiments described in this disclosure are not limited to these particular combinations. It is possible to use some of the components or features from one of the examples in combination with features or components from one of the other examples. Furthermore, the various figures appended to this disclosure are not necessarily to scale, and some features may be exaggerated or reduced in size to show certain details of a particular component or arrangement.

[0102] A person skilled in the art in this field recognizes that the embodiments described above are exemplary and not limiting. This means that modifications to this disclosure would fall within the scope of the claims. Accordingly, the following claims must be studied to determine their true scope and content. Brief description of the drawings Fig. Figure 1 is a perspective view of an example seat. Fig. Figure 2 schematically shows some components of a fluid supply system in relation to a variety of fluid inflatable bodies. Fig. 3A is a schematic representation of an actuator arrangement in an extended position when supported by a printed circuit board, wherein an SMA actuator, when connected to the printed circuit board and connected to the actuator arrangement, forms part of a complete circuit, as schematically shown by dashed lines. Fig. 3B is similar Fig. 3A, however, shows the actuator arrangement in a retracted position. Fig. Figure 4A shows a side view of an example of an actuator arrangement. Fig. 4B is a top view of the actuator arrangement of Fig. 4A. Fig. 5A is a perspective view of an actuator arrangement made of Fig. 4A, which is mounted at one end of a circuit board. Fig. 5B is a side view of the actuator arrangement made of Fig. 5A. Fig. Figure 6 is a perspective view of a sliding connection element from the actuator arrangement. Fig. 5A. Fig. 7A is an end view of a sliding guide from the actuator assembly. Fig. 5A. Fig. 7B is a perspective view of the sliding guide from Fig. 7A. Fig. Figure 8A is a top view of another example of a double actuator arrangement. Fig. 8B is a top-down view of some components of the actuator assembly. Fig. 8A. Fig. 9A is a side view of an actuator arrangement made of Fig. 8A in extended position. Fig. 9B is a top view of the actuator arrangement made of Fig. 9A. Fig. 9C is a side view of the actuator arrangement made of Fig. 8A in retracted position. Fig. 9D is a top view of the actuator arrangement. Fig. 9C. Fig. Figure 10A is a side view of another example of an actuator arrangement. Fig. 10B is a top view of the actuator arrangement made of Fig. 10A. Fig. 10C is a sectional view of the actuator arrangement made of Fig. 10A. Fig. Figure 11 is a perspective view of another example of a crimp connection point from the actuator arrangement. Fig. 10A. Fig. Figure 12 is a perspective view of another example of a crimp connection point from the actuator arrangement. Fig. 10A. Fig. 13A is a side view of an actuator module arrangement made of Fig. 10A for mounting at one end of a printed circuit board. Fig. 13B is a side view of the actuator module arrangement made of Fig. 13A in a rotated position for mounting on opposite ends of a printed circuit board. Fig. Figure 14A is a schematic representation of potentiometric scanning in a first position. Fig. 14B is similar Fig. 14A, however, shows a second position. Fig. Figure 15 is a schematic representation of a coupled actuator arrangement. Fig. Figure 16A is a schematic representation of a setup with a flexible cable in a first position. Fig. Figure 16B is a schematic representation of the setup with a flexible cable in a second position. Fig. 16C is an example of a setup with flexible cable. Fig. 17A is a schematic representation of an example of a printed circuit board. Fig. Figure 17B is a schematic representation of another example of a printed circuit board. Fig. Figure 18 is an example configuration of a single printed circuit board holding multiple actuator assemblies. Fig. Figure 19A is a side view of another example of a double actuator arrangement. Fig. 19B is a top view of the double actuator arrangement made of Fig. 19A. Fig. 19C is an enlarged perspective view of a connection at one end of an elastic element made of Fig. 19A to a movable crimp connection point. Fig. 19D is an enlarged perspective view of a connection of an opposite end of the elastic element to a printed circuit board. Fig. 20A is a top view of another example of a double actuator arrangement. Fig. 20B is a side view of the double actuator arrangement of Fig. 20A. Fig. 20C is a top view of a printed circuit board of the double actuator assembly made of Fig. 20A. Fig. Figure 21A is a perspective view of another example of a double actuator arrangement. Fig. 21B is a top view of the double actuator arrangement made of Fig. 21A in a retracted position. Fig. 21C is a top view of the double actuator arrangement made of Fig. 21A in a free state position. Fig. Figure 22 is a top view of a pneumatic system with a variety of air shields. Fig. 23A is a side view of one of the air shields made of Fig. 22. Fig. 23B is a front view of the air shield made of Fig. 23A. Detailed description

[0103] Detailed reference is now made to embodiments, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. The following detailed description presents numerous specific details to provide a thorough understanding of the various described embodiments. However, it will be apparent to a person skilled in the art that the various described embodiments can be implemented without these specific details. In other cases, known methods, procedures, components, circuits, and networks have not been described in detail in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring aspects of the embodiments.

[0104] “One or more” includes a function performed by one element, a function performed by more than one element (e.g., in a distributed manner), multiple functions performed by one element, multiple functions performed by multiple elements, or any combination of the above.

[0105] It is also understood that, although the terms "first," "second," etc., are used in some cases to describe different elements, these elements should not be restricted by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first contact could be called a second contact, and likewise a second contact could be called a first contact, without leaving the scope of the various described embodiments. The first contact and the second contact are both contacts, but they are not the same contact.

[0106] The terminology used in the description of the various described embodiments serves solely to describe specific embodiments and is not intended to be restrictive. As used in the description of the various described embodiments and the accompanying claims, the singular forms "one" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It is also understood that the term "and / or" used here refers to and encompasses all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed elements. Furthermore, it is understood that the terms "comprises," "including," "encompasses," and / or "comprehensive" are to be understood as meaning that the plural forms are not included.“with”, when used in this specification, indicate the presence of the specified features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof.

[0107] The term "if" or "in case" used here can optionally be interpreted as "when," "at," "in response to the finding," or "in response to the detection," depending on the context. Similarly, the expression "when found" or "when [a specified condition or event] is detected" can optionally be interpreted as "upon finding," "in response to the finding," "upon detection [of the specified condition or event]," or "in response to the detection [of the specified condition or event]," depending on the context.

[0108] It should be noted that terms such as "approximately", "essentially" and "in general" are not intended to be limitless and should be interpreted as a professional would interpret these terms.

[0109] This disclosure relates to an axial motion actuator in which a shape memory alloy (SMA) is used to move a closing element to two different positions. The closing element may, for example, have a valve tip or valve head, or a quick-release or locking element that can be moved into an extended and a retracted position. Fig. Figures 1-2 show an example where the locking element is used in a seating comfort system, such as a massage inflatable arrangement.

[0110] Fig. Figure 1 shows a seating arrangement 10 according to one embodiment. The seating arrangement 10 can be used as a vehicle seating arrangement 10 for sitting in a vehicle, such as an automobile, an aircraft, a watercraft, or another seating environment. The seating arrangement 10 has a seat base 12 that can be adapted to be mounted for motor-driven, adjustable translation in a longitudinal direction and in an up-and-down direction within a vehicle. The seating arrangement 10 has a backrest 14 that can be pivotally connected to the seat base 12 to generally extend upright relative to the seat base 12, thus allowing for pivot adjustment relative to the seat base 12. A headrest 16 can also be attached to the seat backrest 14.

[0111] In one example, the seat base 12 has a central seating surface 18 and two pairs of side cushions 20, arranged laterally around the central seating surface 18 at a distance from each other. The seat back 14 has a pelvic / lumbar support surface 22 with two pairs of laterally spaced side cushions 24 on each side. Above the pelvic / lumbar support surface 22 and the seating surface of the side cushions 24 of the seat back, a chest / shoulder support surface 26 is provided. It is understood that this is only an example of a seating configuration and that other configurations can also be used.

[0112] Fig. Figure 2 shows the seat assembly 10 with the cover, trim, and foam removed to expose the underlying components. The seat base 12 has one or more inflatable assemblies 28 beneath the central seat surface 18 and in the seat back 14. The seat base 12 also has two pairs of lower side cushion fluid inflatable assemblies 30, each located in the seat base 12 adjacent to the seat surface 20 of the side cushion. Similarly, the seat back 14 has two pairs of upper side cushion fluid inflatable assemblies 32, each located adjacent to one of the seat back side cushion seat surfaces 24. Each of the side cushion inflatable assemblies 30, 32 is supported by a frame 34, 36 of the corresponding seat base 12 and seat back 14.

[0113] The side bolster inflatable assemblies 30, 32 provide lateral support to a seated occupant when the vehicle is traveling around a curve or turning into a curve. The inflatable units 28 in the seat base 12 and in the seat backrest 14 can be used for lumbar support or massage purposes.

[0114] The seating arrangement 10 further includes an actuator arrangement 39 (schematically shown in Fig. (2 shown) for controlling the inflation element of the inflatable body assemblies 28, 30, 32. The actuator assembly 39 can include a compressor or a pneumatic pump connected to a valve block to provide a fluid / air source for the inflatable body assemblies 28, 30, 32. In one example, a seat control module is provided in the seat base 12 or in the seat backrest 14 and is generally referred to as the controller 46. In one example, the controller 46 regulates the compressed air into and out of the inflatable body assemblies 28, 30, 32 via the actuator assembly 39. The controller 46 and the actuator assembly 39 can be mounted in the seat backrest 14 or under the seat, or at any suitable location in the vehicle, as shown. Furthermore, the controller 46 and the actuator assembly 39 can be separate units or combined into a single unit.

[0115] The controller 46 can include a processing unit and non-volatile memory for executing various control strategies. The processing unit can be a custom-designed or off-the-shelf processor, a central processing unit (CPU), or, more generally, any device for executing software instructions. The memory can contain one or a combination of volatile and / or non-volatile memory elements. The processing unit can be programmed to execute one or more programs stored in memory. The programs can be stored in memory as software code, for example. The programs stored in memory can include one or more additional or separate programs, each containing an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions related to controlling the valve assembly.Although depicted as a single controller, the controller 46 can consist of one or more controllers. The controller 46 can also communicate with another controller and respond to instructions from it.

[0116] The Fig. Figures 3A-3B show an example of an actuator arrangement 50 coupled to an actuator 52 made of a shape memory alloy (SMA) which is used to retract a closing element from an extended position ( Fig. 3A) into a retracted position ( Fig. 3B). The actuator assembly 50 is supported by a printed circuit board 54, and the FGL actuator 52 is part of a complete circuit 48 when connected to the printed circuit board 54 and the actuator assembly 50. The complete circuit 48 enables the FGL actuator 52 to heat up to an activation temperature.

[0117] In one example, the circuit board 54 can be electrically connected to a main board and the controller 46 to regulate the electrical power supplied to the actuator assembly 50. The circuit board 54 is thus connected to a power source, which is used to apply a potential difference V (corresponding to an electric current) to the actuator assembly. The current flows through the actuator assembly components, which are made of a conductive material, and reaches the FGL actuator 52, which heats up due to Joule heating. The FGL material contracts when it reaches its activation temperature, causing a closing element connected to the actuator assembly 50 to move in a straight line. Once the current is switched off, i.e., when there is no longer a potential difference V, the FGL actuator 52 returns to its initial state, and the closing element can return to the extended position.

[0118] In one example, the actuator assembly 50 is a dual actuator assembly 50a, 50b connected to a printed circuit board 54, the printed circuit board 54 providing structural support for the dual actuator. In another example, the actuator assembly 50 has a first closing element 56 and a second closing element 58, each movable between an extended position and a retracted position. In yet another example, the closing elements 56, 58 each have a valve tip / head or a quick-closing element that is movable between the extended position, e.g., a closed / locked position, and the retracted position, e.g., an open / unlocked position.

[0119] In one example, the printed circuit board 54 has a printed circuit board made of a non-conductive material with conductive traces / tracks printed or etched onto the board. Electronic components are mounted on the board, and the traces connect the components to each other to form a working circuit or assembly. In another example, the printed circuit board 54 extends from a first end 60 to a second end 62 and has a first side 64 and a second side 66 opposite the first side 64. The first side 64 has several electrical contact pads 68, and the second side 66 has several second electrical contact pads 68 (in Fig. 4B not visible, but identical to the electrical contact surfaces 68 on the first side 64). In one example, the electrical contact surfaces 68 have conductor tracks or contact points formed on the circuit board 54.

[0120] In one example, a first actuator assembly 50a is held by the first end 60 of the printed circuit board 54, and a second actuator assembly 50b is held by the second end 62 of the printed circuit board 54. The first actuator assembly 50a has a first actuator body 70, which is connected to the first locking element 56 and is in electrical contact with at least one electrical contact surface 68 on each side 64, 66 of the printed circuit board 54. The second actuator assembly 50b has a second actuator body 72, which is coupled to the first locking element 58 and is in electrical contact with at least one electrical contact surface 68 on each side 64, 66 of the printed circuit board 54. In another example, the first actuator body 70 and the second actuator body 72 each have a sliding guide connected to the respective first and second ends of the printed circuit board 54.

[0121] A first FGL actuator 52a extends between the first actuator assembly 50a and the second actuator assembly 50b and is used to move the first closing element 56 to the retracted position in response to an electrical input. A second FGL actuator 52b extends between the first actuator assembly 50a and the second actuator assembly 50b and is used to move the second closing element 58 to the retracted position in response to an electrical input. The FGL actuator comprises an FGL material, e.g., a nickel-titanium alloy or another suitable material, and its properties change depending on the temperature and the applied mechanical stress, as explained above.When the FGL actuators 52a, 52b retract / contract, a linear force component is generated that overcomes an elastic preload force of an elastic element 74 connected to each actuator body 70, 72, in order to move the respective closing element 56, 58 into the retracted position. As soon as the power supply is switched off, i.e., there is no longer a potential difference V, the respective FGL actuator 52a, 52b returns to its initial state, and the preload force of the elastic section 74 returns the closing elements 56, 58 to the extended position.

[0122] In one example, one or more controllers 46 are configured to receive activation and deactivation commands. Depending on the nature of an activation or deactivation command, the one or more controllers 46 control an associated FGL actuator 52a, 52b to move the locking element to the desired position. Thus, when an activation command is received, the controller 46 activates one or both of the FGL actuators 52a, 52b to move the associated locking element 56, 58 to the retracted / unlocked position. Conversely, when a deactivation command is received, the controller 46 deactivates one or both of the FGL actuators 52a, 52b so that the elastic element 74 can return the locking element 56, 58 to the extended / locked position.

[0123] In one example, the first locking element 56 and the second locking element 58 are actuated independently of each other. In other words, the control unit 46 can be configured to control the actuator arrangements 50a, 50b such that each locking element 56, 58 moves separately or independently of the other.

[0124] In one example, the first locking element 56 and the second locking element 58 are actuated together. In other words, the control unit 46 can be configured to control the actuator arrangements 50a, 50b such that the locking elements 56, 58 move together as a unit.

[0125] In one example, the circuit board 54 has a single circuit board that carries both actuator assemblies 50a and 50b. In other words, there is only one single circuit board 54 that structurally supports both actuator assemblies 50a and 50b.

[0126] In one example, the first actuator body 70 and the second actuator body 72 are supported exclusively, i.e. without other support points, by the circuit board 54.

[0127] In one example, the first actuator arrangement 50a and the second actuator arrangement 50b can be actuated along a single axis of movement A. In other words, each actuator arrangement 50a, 50b can only be moved along one axial path.

[0128] In one example, each actuator arrangement 50a, 50b further comprises a movable mounting coupling point 78, which is connected to at least one electrical contact surface 68 on the first side 64 of the printed circuit board 54, and a fixed mounting coupling point 80, which is connected to at least one electrical contact surface 68 on the second side 66 of the printed circuit board 54. In one example, the movable mounting coupling point 78 has a sliding block with a movable crimp connection point 82. In another example, the fixed mounting coupling point 80 has a fixed crimp connection point 84.

[0129] In one example, the first end of the first FGL actuator 52b is attached to the movable mounting coupling point 78 of the first actuator assembly 50a, and the second end is attached to the fixed mounting coupling point 80 of the second actuator assembly 50b. The second FGL actuator 52b has a first end attached to the movable mounting coupling point 78 of the second actuator assembly 50b and a second end attached to the fixed mounting coupling point 80 of the first actuator assembly 50a.

[0130] In one example, the actuator assemblies 50a, 50b are mirrored components in an assembly in which the components on one side of the circuit board 54 are identical to those on the opposite side of the circuit board 54, but rotated to a mirrored position. In one example, each actuator body 70, 72 has a sliding guide 85. In one example, the sliding guide 85 has a block-shaped body that is held fixed relative to the circuit board 54. Each actuator assembly 50a, 50b further comprises a sliding connector 86 ( Fig. 6) on, e.g., a block-shaped body that is movable relative to the sliding guide 85 and the circuit board 54 and is coupled to one side of the sliding guide 85. The sliding connector 86 has the movable crimp connection point 82, e.g., an FGL conductor connector, and contacts an electrical contact surface 68 on a corresponding side 64, 66 of the circuit board 54. In one example, the electrical contact surface 68 has an elongated conductor track on the circuit board 54 that is of sufficient length to accommodate the range of motion of the sliding connector 86 during extension and retraction.

[0131] In one example, each actuator arrangement 50a, 50b further comprises the fixed crimp connection 84, which is attached to a side of the sliding guide 85 opposite the sliding connector 86 and contacts an electrical contact surface 68 on a side of the printed circuit board 54 opposite the contact surface 68 associated with the sliding connector 86. In one example, the fixed crimp connection 84 has a block-shaped body with a wire handle.In one example, the first FGL actuator 52a has a first conductor extending from the movable crimp connection 82 of the sliding guide 85 of the first actuator assembly 50a to the fixed crimp connection 84 of the sliding guide 85 of the second actuator assembly 50b; and the second FGL actuator 52b has a second conductor extending from the movable crimp connection 82 of the sliding guide 85 of the second actuator assembly 50b to the fixed crimp connection 84 of the sliding guide 85 of the first actuator assembly 50a. In one example, the FGL conductor has a thin, round, and elongated element; however, other types of FGL actuators could also be used, such as a flat wire, a tape, or a belt.

[0132] In one example, each actuator arrangement 50a, 50b has an elastic element 74, such as a coil spring, which biases the closing elements 56, 58 into the extended position. In the Fig. In the example shown in Figures 5A-5B, the elastic elements 74 are mounted externally and perform a reaction between the associated sliding guide 85 and the locking elements 56, 58, which are connected to the sliding connector 86 that moves the locking elements 56, 58. In another example, the elastic elements 74 are arranged in a closed configuration. This is explained in more detail below.

[0133] The sliding guide 85 is in the Fig. 5A-5B are shown in more detail. In one example, the sliding guide 85 has a channel 88 that receives the sliding connector 86. The sliding connector 86 has one end formed with the movable crimp connection point 82 and an opposite end connected to the locking element 56, 58. In the Fig. In the example shown in Figures 5A-5B, the closing elements 56, 58 have a valve tip or valve head 90 which is connected to the massage inflatable body assemblies, as shown in Fig. Figure 2 shows that, in one example, the closing elements 56, 58 have a body 92 that extends away from the head 90 to connect with the sliding connector 86. The valve head 90 and the sliding connector 86 are connected to each other in such a way that they move as a unit. In this example, the body 92 has a first section extending upward from the tip 90 and a second section extending backward from the first section to connect with the sliding connector 86. This leaves an open area for the elastic element 74, which performs a response between a first seat 94 on the first section of the body 92 and a second seat 96 on the sliding guide 85.

[0134] In one example, walls bounding the channel 88 have a remote section 98 to allow access to the movable crimp connection 82. In another example, the fixed crimp connection 84 is attached to one side of the sliding guide 85 opposite the movable crimp connection 82, as shown in Fig. 5B is shown.

[0135] The sliding connector 86 and the movable crimp connection point 82 are in Fig. Figure 6 shows in more detail. The movable crimp connection 82 is located at one end of the sliding connector 86. The opposite end of the sliding connector 86 is connected to the body 92 of the locking element and has a flat plate portion 100 that fits into the channel 88. A sliding connection tab 102 extends from the flat plate portion 100 and is configured to engage in one of the electrical contact surfaces 68 on the printed circuit board 54. The movable crimp connection 82 has two flat plates 104 arranged as a pair, with the crimp connection surface being provided between the plates 104 so that one end of the wire body of the FGL actuator 52 is placed between the plates 104, which are then pressed / crimped against each other and against the wire body.

[0136] The sliding guide 85 and the fixed crimp connection point 84 are in the Fig. Figures 7A-7B show in more detail. One end of the fixed mounting coupling point 80 is attached to the body of the sliding guide 85, and an opposite end of the fixed mounting coupling point 80 has the fixed crimp connection point 84. The fixed crimp connection point 84 has two flat plates 106 arranged as a pair, with the crimp connection point between the plates 106 being designed such that one end of the wire body of the FGL actuator 52 is placed between the plates 106, which are then pressed / crimped against each other and against the wire body. In one example, the sliding guide 85 has two retaining elements 108 arranged as a first pair, e.g.Snap tabs or tongues used to attach the sliding guide 85 to one side of the circuit board 54, and further has two retaining elements 110 provided as a second pair, which are used to attach another section of the sliding guide 85 to opposite edges of the circuit board 54 to provide stable support.

[0137] Fig. Figure 8A shows another example of a double actuator arrangement 50', which is described in the Fig. It resembles the components shown in Figures 4A-4B, but includes locking elements 56, 58 which have a latch or hook instead of a valve head. Furthermore, the actuator assembly 50' is enclosed in a housing 112 for additional protection of the components.

[0138] Fig. 8B is an elevation view showing an example of a module ( Fig. 5A-5B and Fig. Figures 7A-7B) show that it can be attached to one end of the circuit board 54. Each module of each actuator assembly 50a', 50b' has a sliding guide 85, a sliding connector 86, a movable crimp connection 82, a fixed crimp connection 84, and an elastic element 74. These components are similar to those described above. In this example, the locking element 56, 58 has a latch or hook 114. An associated guide element 116 is attached to the housing 112 and has an opening that connects to the latch / hook 114. When the module is made of Fig. Once 8B is assembled, it is attached to the first end 60 of the circuit board 64. A second module, which corresponds to the one in Fig. The module shown in 8B is then assembled, rotated 180 degrees, and attached to the second end 62 of the circuit board 54, as shown in Fig. Figure 8A shows the process. Then, two FGL actuators 52 are mounted. One end of the first actuator 52 is attached to the movable crimp connection 82 of the first module, and the opposite end to the fixed crimp connection 84 of the second module. One end of the second actuator 52 is attached to the fixed crimp connection 84 of the first module, and the opposite end to the movable crimp connection 82 of the second module.

[0139] The Fig. Figures 9A-9D show an example of the locking element 56, 58 being moved into the extended and retracted positions. Fig. 9A is a side view of the actuator arrangement made of Fig. 8A, wherein the elastic element 74 pre-tensions the closing element into the extended position. Fig. 9B is a top view of the actuator arrangement made of Fig. 9A and shows the electrical contact surface 68, which is connected to the sliding connecting tab 102 ( Fig. 7B) of the sliding connector 86 is to be brought into engagement.

[0140] Fig. 9C is a side view of the actuator assembly in the retracted position and Fig. 9D is a top view of the actuator arrangement. Fig. 9C. To achieve the retracted position, the controller 46 supplies current to the actuator assembly to heat the FGL actuator 52, which then contracts and overcomes the preload force of the elastic element 74. The force generated by the actuator 52 compresses the elastic element 74 and pulls the sliding connector 86 and the locking element 56, 58 in a straight line, and the sliding connecting tab 102 slides along the electrical contact surface 68 to maintain the closed circuit. Once the circuit is de-energized, the spring force of the elastic element 74 returns the sliding connector 86 and the locking element 56, 58 to the extended position.

[0141] The Fig. Figures 10A-10C show another example of a double actuator assembly 200, comprising a first and a second actuator assembly 200a, 200b, which are mirrored components in a configuration where components on one side of the printed circuit board 54 are the same as those on the opposite side of the printed circuit board 54, but rotated into a mirrored position. In one example, each actuator assembly 200a, 200b has a sliding guide 202 that is fixed relative to the printed circuit board 54. Each actuator assembly 200a, 200b further has a sliding connector 204 that is movable relative to the sliding guide 202 and to the printed circuit board 54 and is connected to one side of the sliding guide 202. The sliding connector 204 has the movable crimp connection 206 ( Fig. 11) and has sliding connection tabs 208 that contact electrical contact surfaces 68 on respective sides 64, 66 of the printed circuit board 54. In one example, the electrical contact surface 68 has an elongated conductor track on the printed circuit board 54 that is of sufficient length to cover the range of movement of the sliding connection tabs 208 during extension and retraction.

[0142] In one example, each actuator arrangement 200a, 200b also has a fixed crimp connection point 210 ( Fig. 12), which is attached to a side of the sliding guide 202 opposite the sliding connector 204 and contacts an electrical contact surface 68 on a side of the circuit board 54 opposite the contact surface 68 connected to the sliding connector 204. The first FGL actuator 52a has a first conductor extending from the movable crimp connection 206 of the sliding guide 202 of the first actuator assembly 200a to the fixed crimp connection 210 of the sliding guide 202 of the second actuator assembly 200b. The second FGL actuator 52b has a second conductor extending from the movable crimp connection 206 of the sliding guide 202 of the second actuator assembly 50b to the fixed crimp connection 110 of the sliding guide 202 of the first actuator assembly 200a.

[0143] In one example, each actuator arrangement 200a, 200b has an elastic element 212, such as a coil spring, which biases an associated closing element 214 into the extended position. In the Fig. In the example shown in Figures 10A-10B, the elastic elements 212 are enclosed in a section 216 of the actuator, which is designed as part of the sliding guide 202 and performs a reaction between the section 216 and a shoulder 218 on the closing element 214.

[0144] In a Fig. In the example shown in Figure 10C, the closing element 214 has an elongated body 220 extending between a valve head 222 and a distal end 224, which is attached to the sliding connector 204 for movement. The section 216 of the actuator has an internal cavity 226 that is open at a first end 228 to receive the body 220, and has an end wall 230 at an opposite end, which includes an opening 230 through which the distal end 224 of the body 220 extends. The elastic element 212 is positioned within the internal cavity 226 and surrounds the body 220. The elastic element 212 performs a response between the end wall 230 and the shoulder 218 formed on the body 220. In one example, section 216 has a connecting element 232 which is connected to the fixed crimp connection point 210.

[0145] The Fig. Figures 10A-C also show an example of a double actuator assembly 200, which has an optional air shield or air deflector 280. The air shield 280 is located at both ends of the double actuator assembly 20 for each actuator assembly 200a, 200b. In one embodiment, the air shield 280 is required for the use of the actuator in a pneumatic system 282, as shown in Fig. Figure 22 illustrates this. In one example, the pneumatic system 282 has a housing 284 that encloses several double actuator assemblies 200. The housing 284 has a fluid inlet 286 to guide the flow 288 along a flow path connected to one end of the housing 284. As shown in the example in Fig. As shown in Figure 22, 200 sealing surfaces are located between adjacent actuator assemblies, as specified in Figure 290. An air shield 280 for each actuator is positioned between adjacent sets of sealing surfaces 290. The function of the air shield 280 is to seal the air circuits in the valve housing 284.

[0146] In one example, the air shield 280 is made of a flexible material that deforms when it is positioned. This deformation ensures contact between the air shield and the walls of the housing 284, thus providing a seal at the sealing surfaces 290. The air shield 280 is not required for the function of the actuator itself; however, it is advantageous when used in a configuration where multiple actuators are used as part of a valve assembly system, as in Fig. 22 shown.

[0147] The Fig. Figures 23A-B show an example of an air shield 280. In this example, the air shield 280 has a generally flat plate 292 from which a projection 294 extends from one side 296. The projection 294 has an opening 298 that extends from one end of the projection 294 to an opposite side 299 of the flat plate 292. The opening 294 is connected to the closing elements. As discussed above, the air shield 280 is an optional component. The air shield 280 is not included in the exemplary configurations shown in the Fig. 10A-C and 13A-B are used. Fig. 4A-B and Fig. However, 5A-B are examples of configurations where no air shielding is used. It should be noted that each actuator configuration disclosed herein can be used with or without air shielding.

[0148] Fig. Figure 11 shows the movable crimp connection 206 in more detail. In this example, the movable crimp connection 206 has two legs 234 arranged as a pair, with openings 236 that connect the crimp connection to the sliding connector 204. In another example, one of the legs 234 of the movable crimp connection 206 further has two plates 238 arranged as a pair, between which the wire body of the FGL actuator 52 is crimped. The legs 234 converge at a vertical wall section 240, which then transitions into the sliding connection tabs 208 that extend transversely, i.e., not parallel, to the wall section 240. Each tab 208 is connected to its own electrical contact surface 68 to provide at least one two-point electrical contact.

[0149] Fig. Figure 12 shows the fixed crimp connection 210 in greater detail. In one example, the fixed crimp connection 210 has a vertically extending tab section 242, which is connected to two plates 244 arranged as a pair, between which the wire body of the FGL actuator 52 is crimped. The tab section 242 transitions into a plate section 246 with an opening 248 that receives the connector 232 from the section 216 of the actuator. The plate section 246 then transitions into a pair of electrical tabs 250, each tab 250 being connected to its own electrical contact surface 68 to provide a two-point electrical contact.

[0150] The Fig. Figures 13A-13B show a modular structure for the actuator arrangement 200 of the Fig. 10A-10C. Fig. Figure 13A shows an example of a first module 260 that can be attached to the first end 60 of the circuit board 54, and Fig. Figure 13B shows an example of a second module 262 that can be attached to the second end 62 of the circuit board 54. Modules 260 and 262 are identical. The first module 260 is attached to the first end 60, and the second module 262 is rotated 180 degrees relative to the position of the first module 260 and attached to the second end 62 of the circuit board 54 to create a mirrored configuration. Then, two FGL actuators 52 are mounted. One end of the first actuator 52 is attached to the movable crimp connection 206 of the first module 260, and the opposite end is attached to the fixed crimp connection 210 of the second module 262. One end of the second actuator 52 is attached to the fixed crimp connection point 210 of the first module 260 and the opposite end is attached to the movable crimp connection point 206 of the second module 262.This design ensures a balanced frictional force (symmetrical design on each side of the FGL conductor), which is necessary to guarantee the linear movement of the actuator and to prevent torque on the actuator slide, thus ensuring durability. Fig. 13A-13B also show an optional air shield 280 for each module 260, 262.

[0151] The Fig. Figures 14A-14B show an example of a printed circuit board configuration with potentiometric scanning. In one example, a printed circuit board 300 has several electrical contact surfaces 302, e.g., conductor tracks or contact points, wherein at least one electrical surface 302 has a variable resistivity. As is known, resistivity is a measure of the resistance to current flow in an electrical circuit. In one example, at least one movable electrical contact element 304 is in sliding contact with the at least one electrical surface 302. For example, the movable electrical contact element 304 has the sliding connecting tabs 208, as shown in the Fig. Figures 10A-10C are shown, which are in direct sliding engagement with the electrical surface 302 and move along a linear path. In one example, the controller 46 controls the movement of the movable electrical contact element 304 by activating / deactivating the FGL actuator 52. In another example, the controller 46 receives resistance measurement data from the sliding movement of the movable electrical contact element 304 along the electrical surface 302 and determines a relative position or displacement of the closing element based on the detection of a change in resistance. Thus, the interaction between the element 304 and the surface 302 serves as a potentiometer for measuring electromotive forces; for example, the sliding contact is used to detect the displacement / position of the actuator.

[0152] In one example, the electrical contact surface 302 is made of several different materials. In this example, each material has a different specific resistance. In the example shown, the electrical contact surface 302 is made of at least three different materials 302a, 302b, 302c; however, any number of surfaces / materials could be used. Experts who have this description at hand can determine the types of materials that would be used for this purpose. The electrical contact between the element 304 and the surface 302 provides a closed circuit 306.

[0153] In one example, the relative position or displacement of the locking element, for example, locking elements 56, 58, 114, 214, is determined based on the measured specific resistance, and the displacement or position determination of the locking element is used in a feedback control strategy. In an example of a feedback control system, there is typically an input, a process to be controlled, an output, sensor elements, and control and actuator arrangements. The control 46 controls / activates the FGL material to control the movement of the locking elements, and the sliding contact between the printed circuit board surfaces 302a, 302b, 302c and the movable element 304, which is connected to the locking element, can be used to determine the position of the actuator. The resistance of the electrical circuit 306 changes depending on the position of the actuator. Fig. 14A shows a first position of the element with an electrical resistance R1 and Fig. Figure 14B shows a second position of the element with an electrical resistance R2. This resistance information can be used to determine the actuator position and incorporated into a feedback control strategy for controlling the actuator power. The power control can be either passive or algorithmic.

[0154] In one example, the circuit board 300 is used in a configuration with two actuators, where the electrical contact surface 302 with variable resistance is located on both sides of the circuit board 54 in one of the two-actuator configurations described above. Thus, each side 64, 66 of the circuit board 54 would have one or more electrical contact surfaces 302, each surface 302 having two or more different materials with different resistances. This allows the position / displacement of each closing element to be determined and monitored.

[0155] Fig. Figure 15 is a schematic representation of a coupled actuator configuration in which an active closing element is used to control another passive closing element. In one example, a first closing element 500 and a second closing element 502 are movable into an extended position and a retracted position. A printed circuit board 504 extends from a first end 506 to a second end 508 and has a first side 510 and a second side 512, which faces the first side 510. In one example, only the first side 510 has one or more electrical contact pads 514.

[0156] In one example, a first actuator assembly 516 is supported by the circuit board 504 and comprises a first actuator body 518, which is fixed relative to the circuit board 504, and a second actuator body 520, which is coupled to the first closing element 500. The first actuator body 518 is in electrical contact with at least one electrical contact surface 514. In another example, an FGL actuator 522 extends between the first actuator body 518 and the second actuator body 520. The FGL actuator 522 moves the first closing element 500 into the retracted position in response to an electrical input signal, similar to the procedure described above.

[0157] In one example, a second actuator assembly 530 has a third actuator body 532 coupled to the second closing element 502, and a coupler assembly 534 driven by the second actuator body 520, which drives the third actuator body 532. In another example, the coupler assembly 534 has a rotatable element, e.g., a gear connection, a tooth connection, etc. In another example, the third actuator body 532 is located on a side of the circuit board 504 opposite the first actuator body 518 and the second actuator body 520.

[0158] In one example, the circuit board 504 has a single circuit board, i.e., only one circuit board, with the multiple electrical contact pads 514 located only on one side.

[0159] In one example, the FGL actuator 522 has a single actuator that simultaneously drives both the first locking element 500 and the second locking element 502. In another example, the single actuator has a single conductor or line, a single strip, or a single tab.

[0160] In one example, the single conductor is positioned only on one side of the printed circuit board 504.

[0161] In one example, the single conductor has one end 550 which is attached to the circuit board 504, and an opposite end 552 which is coupled to the first locking element 500 for movement.

[0162] In one example, the printed circuit board has a through-hole 554 with a coupling interface area 556, which is used to connect the third actuator body 532, e.g., the passive actuator, to the second actuator body 520, e.g., the active actuator. In another example, the through-hole 554 has an opening that extends through one thickness of the printed circuit board 504, and the coupling interface area 556 is a through-hole that is open to both the second 520 and the third 532 actuator body.

[0163] In one example, the through-hole 554 has a discrete opening that extends through one thickness of the circuit board 504.

[0164] In one example, the coupler arrangement 534 has at least one rotatable element 560. In one example, the rotatable element has a gear connection or a tooth connection. In another example, the rotatable element 560 is located directly between the second actuator body 520 and the third actuator body 532 and engages directly with them.

[0165] In one example, the rotatable element 560 has at least one gear that engages with the second actuator body 520 and the third actuator body 532. In another example, the gear has a body with a toothed circumference.

[0166] In one example, a flexible cable can be 600, as in the Fig. Figures 16A-16B show that it can be used as an alternative to a sliding contact. In one example, the flexible cable 600 has a bendable body element that can move between different positions. Fig. Figure 16A shows a printed circuit board 602 with an electrical contact surface 604, which is connected to a first end 606 of the cable 600. A second end 608 of the cable 600 is connected to a movable actuator element 610, which is connected to a closing element. Fig. 16A the actuator element 610 is in an extended position and in Fig. 16B the actuating element 610 is in a retracted position.

[0167] Fig. Figure 16C shows another example of a flexible cable 612 that can be used as an alternative to a sliding contact. In one example, the flexible cable 612 has a bendable body element that can be moved into different positions. In this example, there is a first cable crimp connection 614 at one end of a printed circuit board 616 and a second cable crimp connection 618 at the opposite end of the printed circuit board 616. In one embodiment, the printed circuit board 614 has an electrical contact surface 620 that is connected to the first cable crimp connection 614. A first conductor crimp connection 622 is adjacent to the first cable crimp connection 614 and is connected to one end of an FGL conductor 624. A second conductor crimp connection point 626 adjoins the second cable crimp connection point 618 and is connected to an opposite end of the FGL conductor 624.The circuit board 614 has an electrical contact surface 628 which is connected to the first conductor crimp connection point 622.

[0168] The first cable crimp connection 614 and the first conductor crimp connection 622 are static crimp connections or terminals, and the second cable crimp connection 618 and the second conductor crimp connection 626 are movable crimp connections or terminals. One end of the cable 616 is connected to the first cable crimp connection 614, and the opposite end of the cable 616 is connected to the second cable crimp connection 618. This results in a freely hanging cable 612, which is clamped but not energized to close the circuit. The cable 612 can move back and forth during the activation of the FGL conductor 624 to actuate a closing element connected to the movable crimp connections.

[0169] The Fig. Figures 17A-17B show different printed circuit board configurations. Fig. 17A shows a single-contact configuration, as used, for example, in the Fig. The arrangement shown in Figures 4A-4B is used. In this example configuration, there is a single printed circuit board (PCB) 700, which is to be connected to the sliding connector 86 with the sliding tab 102 and the fixed crimp connection 84. The PCB 700 extends between a first end 702 and a second end 704. The sliding tab 102 of the sliding connector 86 is connected to an electrical contact surface 706 (or 708 for the other end) to provide electrical contact at a single point. The fixed crimp connection 84 is also in contact with an electrical contact surface 706 or 708, depending on which end of the PCB 700 the fixed crimp connection 84 is connected to. The first end 702 of the PCB 700 has a single leg extension, and the second end 704 of the PCB 700 has a single leg extension.The circuit board 700 has lateral cutouts 710 on both sides of the leg extensions to accommodate / mount the actuator assemblies 50a, 50b.

[0170] Fig. 17B shows a dual contact configuration (redundancy) as described in the Fig. The example shown in Figure 10A-10C is used. In this example configuration, there is a single printed circuit board (PCB) 712 connected to the movable crimp terminal 206 and the fixed crimp terminal 210. The PCB 712 extends between a first end 714 and a second end 716. The sliding tabs 208 of the movable crimp terminal 206 are each connected to their own electrical contact surface 718 to provide a two-point electrical contact. The electrical tabs 250 of the fixed crimp terminal 210 are each connected to their own electrical contact surface 720 to provide a two-point electrical contact. The first end 714 of the PCB 712 has a pair of legs 722, and the second end 716 of the PCB 712 has a pair of legs 724. The legs of each pair 722, 724 are separated by a central cutout area 726.

[0171] Modules 260 and 262 of the Fig. 13A-13B are fitted into these cutout areas 726 and mounted on the circuit board 712 to form the actuator assembly 200.

[0172] In a Fig. In the example shown in Figure 18, a module configuration 750 is provided for multiple actuator assemblies 752 mounted on a single printed circuit board 754. In one example, each actuator assembly 752 has a first module 756 and a second module 758. The first module 756 can be attached to a first end 760 of the printed circuit board 754, and the second module 758 can be attached to a second end 762 of the printed circuit board 754 to form a double actuator. Thus, a single printed circuit board 754 is used to hold multiple double actuator assemblies 752. Any module configuration can be used for the first module 756 and the second module 758. The modules 260, 262 in the Fig. 13A-13B are just one example of modules that could be used.

[0173] The Fig. Figures 19A-D show another embodiment in which an elastic connector is used, which can be used, for example, instead of a flexible cable connection. In this example, each double actuator assembly 800 has a first module 802 and a second module 804, which are mounted accordingly at opposite ends of a printed circuit board 806. In one example, each module 802, 804 has a movable crimp connection 808 and a fixed crimp connection 810. An FGL conductor 812 is attached at one end to the movable crimp connection 808 and at the opposite end to the fixed crimp connection 810. The movable crimp connections 808 are connected to locking elements 814, similar to those described above. In one example, optional air shields 816 are also provided, as described above.

[0174] In this example, an elastic connector 818, such as a helical spring, is used in the actuator arrangement 800 to close the electrical circuit. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 19A, the elastic connectors 818 have a spring end 820 which is connected to the movable crimp connection point 808 ( Fig. 19C), and an opposite spring end 822, which is connected to the circuit board 806 ( Fig. 19D). In one example, the spring end 820, which is connected to the movable crimp connection 808, has a hook that is received in an opening 824 formed in a distal end of the movable crimp connection 808. In another example, the spring end 822, which is connected to the circuit board 806, has a hook that is received in an opening 826 formed in the circuit board 806. The opening 826 has an electrical contact point 828 that is in direct contact with at least a portion of the hook. The fixed crimp connection 810 has legs 830 that contact electrical contacts 832 on the circuit board 806 to close the circuit, as in Fig. 19B shown.

[0175] There are many different ways to attach either a flexible cable or an elastic element to a printed circuit board. These methods include soldering, crimping, ultrasonic / laser welding, PCB melting, or swivel mounting. Other fastening methods can also be used.

[0176] The Fig. Figure 20A-C shows another example of a double actuator arrangement 850, in which an FGL conductor 852 does not run centrally along a printed circuit board 854. In this example, the first end of the FGL conductor 852 is connected to a static crimp connection 856 and the second end to a movable crimp connection 858. The static crimp connection 856 has one leg 860 in contact with an electrical contact 862 on the printed circuit board 854. The movable crimp connection 858 has one leg 864 in sliding contact with an electrical contact 866 on the printed circuit board 854. The movable crimp connection 858 is attached to a movable slider or sliding element 868 and connected to a closing element 870. The movable piston locking element is removed from the slider and the movable crimp connection point 858 is attached to the movable slider 868 with a biting edge 872.

[0177] In this example configuration, the FGL conductor wires 852 run along opposite edges 874, 876 of the circuit board 854 (see Fig. 20A) instead of along the center of the circuit board. In this example, circuit board 854 has a "Z" shape, as shown in Fig. 20C shown to accommodate the movable crimp connection points 858 in the recessed areas 878.

[0178] The Fig. Figures 21A-C show another example of a double actuator arrangement 900, in which all moving parts are located on the same side of a printed circuit board 902. In this variant, the printed circuit board 902 also has a Z-shape, and both FGL conductor wires 904 are located on the same side of the printed circuit board 902, but on opposite sides. In this example, the FGL conductor wires 904 are also not centered along the printed circuit board 902. In this example, the first end of the FGL conductor 904 is connected to a static crimp connection 906, and the second end is connected to a movable crimp connection 908. The static crimp connection 906 has a leg 910 in contact with an electrical contact 912 on the circuit board 902. And the movable crimp connection 908 has a leg 914 in sliding contact with an electrical contact 916 on the circuit board 902.The movable crimp connection 908 is mounted on a movable slider 918 and connected to a locking element 920. The movable piston locking element is removed from the slider, and the movable crimp connection 908 is attached to the movable slider 908 by a biting edge 922.

[0179] In this example configuration, the FGL conductor wires 904 extend along opposite edges 924, 926 of the circuit board 902 (see Fig. 21B-C) instead of along the center of the circuit board. The circuit board 902 also has a first surface 928 and a second surface 930, which is opposite the first surface 928. In this embodiment, all electrical contacts 912 and electrical contacts 916 are located on the first surface 928, i.e., all electrical contacts are located only on one common side of the circuit board 902. Fig. Figure 21B shows the actuator assembly 900 in a retracted state, with both locking elements 920 retracted or retracted, and Fig. Figure 21C shows the actuator arrangement 900 in a free state, with both locking elements 920 extended.

Claims

[1] A device, with: a first closing element (56, 214) which can be moved into an extended position and a retracted position; a second locking element (58, 214) which can be moved into an extended position and a retracted position; a printed circuit board (54) extending from a first end (60) to a second end (62) and having a first side (64) and a second side (66) opposite the first side (64), wherein the first side (64) has several first electrical contact surfaces (68) and the second side (66) has several second electrical contact surfaces (68); a first actuator arrangement (50a, 200a) which is supported by the first end (60) of the circuit board (54), wherein the first actuator arrangement (50a, 200a) has a first actuator body (70) which is connected to the first closing element (56, 214), and wherein the first actuator body (70) is in electrical contact with at least one electrical contact surface of the several first electrical contact surfaces (68) and with at least one electrical contact surface of the several second electrical contact surfaces (68); a second actuator arrangement (50b, 200b) which is supported by the second end (62) of the circuit board (54), wherein the second actuator arrangement (50b, 200b) has a second actuator body (72) which is coupled to the second closing element (58, 214), and wherein the second actuator body (72) is in electrical contact with at least one electrical contact surface of the several first electrical contact surfaces (68) and with at least one electrical contact surface of the several second electrical contact surfaces (68); a first shape memory alloy actuator (52a) extending between the first actuator body (70) and the second actuator body (72), wherein the first shape memory alloy actuator (52a) moves the first closing element (56, 214) into the retracted position in response to an electrical input signal; and a second shape memory alloy actuator (52b) extending between the first actuator body (70) and the second actuator body (72), wherein the second shape memory alloy actuator (52b) moves the second closing element (58, 214) into the retracted position in response to an electrical input signal. [2] The device according to claim 1, wherein the first locking element (56, 214) and the second locking element (58, 214) can be actuated independently of each other. [3] The device according to claim 1, wherein the first locking element (56, 214) and the second locking element (58, 214) can be actuated as a unit. [4] The device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the circuit board (54) comprises a single circuit board. [5] The device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first actuator body (70) and the second actuator body (72) are supported exclusively by the circuit board (54). [6] The device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first actuator arrangement (50a, 200a) and the second actuator arrangement (50b, 200b) are actuable along a single axis of movement (A). [7] The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: the first actuator arrangement (50a, 200a) further features a first movable fastening coupling point (78) which is movable relative to the first actuator body (70) and is connected to at least one of the several first electrical contact surfaces (68), and a first fixed fastening coupling point (80) which is attached to the first actuator body (70) and is connected to at least one of the several second electrical contact surfaces (68); and the second actuator arrangement (50b, 200b) has a second movable fastening coupling point (78) which is movable relative to the second actuator body (72) and is connected to at least one of the several second electrical contact surfaces (68), and a second fixed fastening coupling point (80) which is attached to the second actuator body (72) and is connected to at least one of the several first electrical contact surfaces (68). [8] The device according to claim 7, wherein: the first shape memory alloy actuator (52a) has a first end that is attached to the first movable mounting coupling point (78) and a second end that is attached to the second fixed mounting coupling point (80); and the second shape memory alloy actuator (52b) has a first end that is attached to the second movable mounting coupling point (78) and a second end that is attached to the first fixed mounting coupling point (80). [9] The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: the first actuator body (70) has a first sliding guide (85) and the second actuator body (72) has a second sliding guide (85), wherein the first actuator body (70) comprises: a first sliding connector (86) which is connected to one side of the first sliding guide (85), wherein the first sliding connector (86) has a first movable crimp connection point (82) which contacts at least one electrical contact surface of the several first electrical contact surfaces (68); and wherein the second actuator body (72) comprises: a second sliding connector (86) which is connected to one side of the second sliding guide (85), wherein the second sliding connector (86) has a second movable crimp connection point (82) which contacts at least one electrical contact surface of the several second electrical contact surfaces (68). [10] The device according to claim 9, wherein: a first crimp connection point (82) is attached to an opposite side of the first sliding guide (85) and touches at least one electrical contact surface of the several second electrical contact surfaces (68); a second crimp connection point (82) is attached to an opposite side of the second sliding guide (85) and contacts at least one electrical contact surface of the several first electrical contact surfaces (68); the first shape memory alloy actuator (52a) has a first conductor extending from the first movable crimp connection (82) of the first sliding guide (85) to the second crimp connection (82) of the second sliding guide (85); and the second shape memory alloy actuator (52b) has a second conductor extending from the second movable crimp connection point (82) of the second sliding guide (85) to the first crimp connection point (82) of the first sliding guide (85). [11] The device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein a first elastic element (74, 212) pre-tensions the first closing element (56, 214) into the extended position and a second elastic element (74, 212) pre-tensions the second closing element (58, 214) into the extended position, and wherein: the first elastic element (74) is attached on the outside and performs a reaction between a first sliding guide (85) and the first sliding connector (86), and the second elastic element (74) is attached on the outside and performs a reaction between a second sliding guide (85) and the second sliding connector (86), or the first elastic element (212) is enclosed in a first section of the actuator and surrounds at least one section of the first closing element (214), and the second elastic element (212) is enclosed in a second section of the actuator and surrounds at least one section of the second closing element (214). [12] The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: the first locking element (56, 214) and the second locking element (58, 214) have a valve tip or valve head (90, 222) or a quick-release element; or the first locking element (56, 214) and the second locking element (58, 214) are each connected to an air shield (280). [13] The device according to one of the preceding claims, comprising one or more controllers (46) that receive commands, and wherein the one or more controllers (46) upon detection of the receipt of an activation command or a deactivation command switch on or off the associated first shape memory alloy actuator (52a) or the second shape memory alloy actuator (52b). [14] A procedure that includes: Providing a printed circuit board (54) extending from a first end (60) to a second end (62) and having a first side (64) and a second side (66) opposite the first side (64), wherein the first side (64) has several first electrical contact surfaces (68) and the second side (66) has several second electrical contact surfaces (68); Attaching a first actuator arrangement (50a, 200a) to the first end (60) of the circuit board (54), wherein the first actuator arrangement (50a, 200a) has a first actuator body (70) coupled to a first closing element (56, 214) which is movable into an extended position and a retracted position; Bringing the first actuator body (70) into electrical contact with at least one of the several first electrical contact surfaces (68) and with at least one of the several second electrical contact surfaces (68); Attaching a second actuator assembly (50b, 200b) to the second end (62) of the circuit board (54), wherein the second actuator assembly (50b, 200b) has a second actuator body (72) coupled to a second closing element (58, 214) which is movable into an extended position and a retracted position; Bringing the second actuator body (72) into electrical contact with at least one electrical contact surface of the several first electrical contact surfaces (68) and with at least one electrical contact surface of the several second electrical contact surfaces (68); Coupling a first shape memory alloy actuator (52a) with the first actuator body (70) and the second actuator body (72); Coupling a second shape memory alloy actuator (52b) with the first actuator body (70) and the second actuator body (72); Moving the first locking element (56, 214) into the retracted position by means of the first shape memory alloy actuator (52a) in response to an electrical input signal; and Moving the second locking element (58, 214) into the retracted position by means of the second shape memory alloy actuator (52b) in response to an electrical input signal. [15] The method according to claim 14, comprising independently moving the first locking element (56, 214) and the second locking element (58, 214) relative to each other. [16] The method according to claim 14, comprising simultaneously moving the first locking element (56, 214) and the second locking element (58, 214). [17] The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein the first actuator body (70) and the second actuator body (72) are attached exclusively to the printed circuit board (54). [18] The method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein the first actuator arrangement (50a, 200a) and the second actuator arrangement (50b, 200b) are actuated along a single axis of movement (A). [19] The method according to any one of claims 14 to 18, wherein the first locking element (56, 214) and the second locking element (58, 214) are pre-tensioned into the extended position. [20] The method according to any one of claims 14 to 19, comprising: Crimping one end of the first shape memory alloy actuator (52a) to the first actuator assembly (50a, 200a) and crimping one opposite end of the first shape memory alloy actuator (52a) to the second actuator assembly (50b, 200b); Crimping one end of the second shape memory alloy actuator (52b) to the second actuator assembly (50b, 200b) and crimping one opposite end of the second shape memory alloy actuator (52b) to the first actuator assembly (50a, 200a); and Upon detection of the receipt of a deactivation command or an activation command, the associated first shape memory alloy actuator (52a) or second shape memory alloy actuator (52b) is switched on or off.

Images