Disconnecting device for interrupting a load current path between two busbars

Abstract

The invention relates to a disconnecting device (3) for interrupting a load current path (4) between two busbars (2a, 2b) in the event of a fault, comprising: - a separating element (21), - a pyrotechnic unit (28) for accelerating the separating element (21) in the event of a fault, - a fuse (25) integrated into the separating element (21) for interrupting the load current path (4) and extinguishing an arc, - a hollow cylindrical, electrically insulating housing (7) for arrangement between the busbars (2a, 2b) with two axially opposite housing outlets, - two axially opposing contact elements (5, 6) extending at least partially within the housing (7), which form a contact point for contacting the respective busbar (2a, 2b) at their respective first end sections (5a, 6a) arranged in the area of ​​the housing outlets, and whose second, mutually facing end sections (5b, 6b) form an electrical contact (8) for guiding the load current path (4), wherein a first of the contact elements (5) is at least partially hollow cylindrical and forms a guide cylinder (20) for the separating element (21) and wherein the separating element (21) accelerated by the pyrotechnic unit (28) in the guide cylinder (20) is designed to cut through the first contact element (5), to bridge the cut (34) of the first contact element (5) to take over the load current path (4) and to direct the taken over load current path (4) via the fuse (25).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a disconnecting device for interrupting a load current path between two busbars in the event of a fault. The invention also relates to an assembly and a high-voltage electrical system.

[0002] The focus here is on high-voltage electrical systems in motor vehicles, such as those in electrically powered vehicles. These systems comprise several high-voltage components, which may include, for example, a traction battery, an inverter, and an electric motor. These components are electrically connected via conductors, such as busbars, for power transmission. In the event of a fault, such as a vehicle crash, the high-voltage electrical system should be brought into an intrinsically safe state. Particularly in the case of a high-voltage component such as a permanent magnet electric motor, it is possible that the motor, due to its continuously rotating rotor equipped with permanent magnets, could continue to feed energy into the high-voltage electrical system via the electrical connection to the inverter.To prevent this, for example, an active short circuit (ACS) can be provided between phases of the electric machine, or the electrical connection between the electric machine and the inverter can be interrupted. This can be achieved, for example, by cutting sections of the conductors between the inverter and the phases of the electric machine.

[0003] For example, DE 10 2020 104 935 A1 discloses a disconnect device for a high-voltage electrical system of a motor vehicle. This device includes a conductor for forming a load current path and a pyrotechnically activated disconnect unit for interrupting the load current path in the event of a fault, comprising a disconnect element for cutting the conductor and a pyrotechnic element for accelerating the disconnect element towards the conductor. The disconnect device also includes an arc quenching unit for extinguishing an electric arc.The arc quenching unit comprises a fusible link which is not normally integrated into the load current path and an extinguishing agent for extinguishing the fusible link, wherein the separating element is designed to bend a section of the current conductor towards the fusible link when the current conductor is cut, thereby integrating the fusible link into the load current path in the event of a fault causing the arc.

[0004] A disadvantage of such a disconnect device is that the conductor, for example the busbar, is destroyed after the disconnect device is triggered. To restore the functionality of the high-voltage electrical system, both the disconnect device and the conductor must therefore be replaced after a fault, which can be a costly and time-consuming process.

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a reliable and easily replaceable shutdown option for a high-voltage electrical system of a motor vehicle in the event of a fault.

[0006] This problem is solved according to the invention by a separating device, an assembly, and a high-voltage electrical system with the features according to the respective independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims, the description, and the figures.

[0007] A disconnecting device according to the invention serves to interrupt a load current path between two busbars in the event of a fault. The disconnecting device comprises a disconnecting element, a pyrotechnic unit for accelerating the disconnecting element in the event of a fault, and a fuse integrated into the disconnecting element for interrupting the load current path and extinguishing any resulting arc. The disconnecting device also comprises a hollow cylindrical, electrically insulating housing for placement between the busbars, with two axially opposed housing outlets.Furthermore, the disconnecting device comprises two axially opposed contact elements extending at least partially within the housing. These contact elements form a contact point with the respective busbar at their respective first end sections, located in the area of ​​the housing outlets, and their second, opposing end sections form an electrical contact for guiding the load current path. One of the contact elements is at least partially hollow cylindrical and forms a guide cylinder for the disconnecting element. The disconnecting element, accelerated by the pyrotechnic unit within the guide cylinder, is designed to cut through the first contact element, bridge the gap to take over the load current path, and then route the taken-over load current path via the fuse to interrupt the load current path.

[0008] The invention also includes an assembly with two busbars and a disconnecting device according to the invention, wherein a first busbar is electrically connected to the contact point of the first contact element and a second busbar is electrically connected to the contact point of the second contact element. A high-voltage electrical system according to the invention for a motor vehicle comprises at least one assembly according to the invention and two high-voltage components, wherein a first high-voltage component is electrically connected to the at least one first busbar and a second high-voltage component is electrically connected to the at least one second busbar.Preferably, the first high-voltage component is an inverter with at least three phase taps, and the second high-voltage component is an electric drive motor with at least three phase connections, wherein at least two phase connections of the electric drive motor are each connected to the corresponding phase taps via a module, and the disconnecting devices of the modules are designed to disconnect the at least two phase connections from the at least two phase taps in the event of a fault. In the case of a three-phase motor, the high-voltage electrical system comprises, in particular, two modules according to the invention. The electric drive motor is used, in particular, to power an electrified motor vehicle.The electric drive machine is preferably a permanent magnet electric machine, which has a stator with at least three currentable stator phases for exciting a stator magnetic field and a rotor with permanent magnets for exciting a rotor magnetic field.

[0009] The inverter is designed to convert direct current, supplied, for example, by a traction battery in the high-voltage electrical system, into multiphase alternating current to power the stator phases. Therefore, each stator phase is connected to the corresponding phase tap of the inverter via a pair of busbars, forming a load current path. Each busbar pair has a first busbar on the inverter side and a second busbar on the machine side. In the event of a fault, the electrical connection between the two high-voltage components should be interrupted. Particularly in the case of a vehicle accident, this is intended to prevent the permanently excited rotor from feeding further energy into the high-voltage electrical system via the stator phases and the inverter.Therefore, in the case of high-voltage components in the form of a three-phase drive motor and an inverter, at least two of the three load current paths are interrupted by galvanically separating the busbars of at least two busbar pairs and thereby interrupting the load current paths routed via these busbar pairs.

[0010] For this purpose, a disconnecting device is provided in each of the load current paths to be interrupted. Under normal operating conditions, excluding fault conditions, the disconnecting device carries the load current. In the event of a fault, the disconnecting device triggers and interrupts the load current path. During normal operation, the load current is carried through the two contact elements of the disconnecting device, which are located at least partially within the hollow cylindrical housing and are in electrical contact within the housing. The contact elements are made of an electrically conductive material, such as a metal. The housing is made of an electrically insulating material, such as a plastic. The housing is tubular, with its axial length being greater than its radial diameter. The housing outlets located at the ends of the housing are axially opposite each other.Due to the cylindrical outer surface of the separating device's housing, it can, for example, be interchangeably inserted into a cylindrical channel of a mounting device in the high-voltage electrical system. The mounting device could, for example, be a filter housing of a filter, such as an AC filter, within the high-voltage electrical system.

[0011] The first end sections of the contact elements, which are arranged inside or outside the housing in the area of ​​the respective housing outlet, form the contact points with which the respective busbars of the high-voltage components are contacted. The first contact element is arranged in a first housing section, and the second contact element is arranged in a second housing section. The axially adjacent housing sections can have different axial lengths. The contact elements have a cylindrical outer surface, at least in the sections inside the housing, so that an inner surface of the housing is in contact with the outer surfaces of the contact elements. Due to the corresponding shapes of the contact elements and the housing, the contact elements can be inserted axially into the housing via the respective housing inlet, preferably by screwing them in.For this purpose, the outer surfaces of the contact elements and the inner surface of the housing can have corresponding threads, via which the contact elements can be screwed to the housing in a non-destructively releasable manner.

[0012] In the area of ​​the second end sections, the contact elements are in contact and thus form an electrical connection. For example, the second end sections of the contact elements can form a plug connection, with the second end section of the first contact element forming a first connector and the second end section of the other, second contact element forming a second connector. The plug connection is a single-pole connector. Preferably, the first connector is designed as a circular plug and the second connector as a socket.Normally, for example during the operation of the motor vehicle, in which the drive motor provides torque, the load current flows from the phase tap of the inverter via the first busbar to the first contact element, via the electrical contact, for example the plug connection, to the second contact element and from there via the second busbar to the phase connection of the electric drive motor.

[0013] In the event of a fault, the disconnecting device can trigger and interrupt the load current path. To trigger, the pyrotechnic unit, for example, an ignition signal generator of the disconnecting device, can receive an activation signal, for example, from an airbag control unit of the vehicle. The ignition signal generator produces an ignition signal for an ignition element, for example, an ignition pellet or a detonator, of the pyrotechnic unit. The ignition element and the ignition signal generator can be located, at least partially, within an igniter housing of the pyrotechnic unit.

[0014] The ignition process of the firing element accelerates the cartridge-like or bolt-like separating element within the guide cylinder from a rest position to a final position. The guide cylinder is formed by an interior space of the first, at least partially hollow cylindrical contact element. The separating element has a sleeve or housing. The fuse is integrated into the separating element. For example, a fusible link and a fuse extinguishing agent can be arranged within the sleeve of the separating element, with the sleeve forming a contactable fuse housing. The sleeve can have electrical connections that are electrically connected to the fusible link. The sleeve can, for example, have an electrically insulating, hollow cylindrical body, which is covered on both sides by metallic caps.The metal caps form the fuse terminals, which are normally only in contact with the first contact element and are short-circuited by a wall of the guide cylinder. Normally, the load current path is therefore routed around the fuse via the wall of the guide cylinder, so the fuse is not normally part of the load current path.

[0015] As it moves through the guide cylinder from its rest position to its end position, the separating element cuts the first contact element into two parts. The separating element then displaces the severed part, creating a gap between the two pieces. The severed part of the first contact element continues to make electrical contact with the second contact element. In its end position, the separating element is positioned such that the first terminal of the fuse is in contact with the other, unmoved part of the first contact element, and the second terminal of the fuse is in contact with the severed part and thus with the second contact element. In this way, the separating element bridges the gap, allowing the load current to commutate to the fuse.The commutated load current melts the fusible link, and any arc generated during the melting process is extinguished by the extinguishing agent, such as extinguishing sand. The fuse is thus triggered by the load current itself, and the load current path is interrupted after the fuse has tripped. The disconnecting device therefore combines the functions of disconnecting the load current path and the fuse.

[0016] The disconnecting device according to the invention has the advantage that the busbars are not damaged when the fuse trips. Therefore, either the entire disconnecting device or only the parts of the disconnecting device damaged by the tripping of the fuse can be replaced. Furthermore, the dual function of the disconnecting device, which both interrupts the load current path and acts as an arc-quenching fuse, advantageously saves installation space.

[0017] It can be provided that the first contact element has a predetermined breaking point located between the second end section and a central section containing the guide cylinder, at which the first contact element is severed, separating the second end section. When the separating element is accelerated, the second end section is thus separated from the central section of the first contact element and, in the final position of the separating element, is positioned at a distance from the central section. The second end section of the first contact element is displaced in such a way that it still forms electrical contact with the second end section of the second contact element. In the final position of the separating element, the first terminal of the fuse is electrically connected to the central section, and the second terminal of the fuse is electrically connected to the second end section of the first contact element, thus integrating the fuse into the load current path.

[0018] In particular, the second end section of the first contact element, designed as the first connector, can have a first insertion position when not in the event of a fault, i.e., in the rest position of the separating element. In the event of a fault, it can be separated by the separating element in its end position and thus have a second insertion position. For example, the circular connector-type connector has a first insertion depth into the socket-type connector in the first insertion position and a second insertion depth into the socket-type connector in the second insertion position. The circular connector-type connector is therefore separated from the central section of the first contact element by the accelerating separating element and pushed further into the socket-type connector.

[0019] In a further development of the invention, the first end section of the first contact element is arranged outside the housing at the housing outlet and has an annular contact surface for the busbar, which forms the contact point for the busbar. The first end section can be designed in the shape of a collar flange, with an upper surface of the flange area forming the contact surface for the busbar. The disconnecting device thus extends perpendicular to a surface of the busbar.

[0020] Preferably, the first contact element is designed as a hollow screw. The hollow screw has a screw head located outside the housing at the housing outlet, which forms the first end section and whose upper surface forms the contact surface for the busbar. The hollow screw also has a hollow cylindrical threaded screw section located inside the housing, which forms the guide cylinder. Furthermore, the hollow screw has a cup-shaped, unthreaded shaft section adjacent to the screw section and closing the guide cylinder towards the second contact element. This shaft section forms the second end section and can be separated from the screw section by the separating element. Such a first contact element designed as a hollow screw can be arranged and fastened in the housing particularly easily.

[0021] The screw head, which may, for example, have a hexagonal drive for screwing the first contact element into the housing using a suitable tool, has a collar area and a flange area with a bearing surface and is located outside the housing. The screw area adjacent to the screw head has a smaller radial diameter than the screw head and is located inside the housing. The screw area is hollow and cylindrical, thus having a cylindrical cavity that forms the guide cylinder. The separating element is located in this cavity. In its rest position, the separating element can be located in the screw area close to the screw head. Adjacent to the screw area is the unthreaded shaft area. This forms the second, round-plug-like end section.In its final position, the separating element has cut the shaft section from the screw section and pushed the shaft section away from the screw section. For example, the predetermined breaking point can be located between the screw section and the shaft section. In its final position, the separating element is positioned within the cup-shaped shaft section, which is inserted into the socket-like connector of the second contact element, in the area of ​​the second fuse terminal, and is thus electrically connected to the shaft section and the socket-like connector. In the area of ​​the first fuse terminal, the separating element protrudes from the shaft section, is in contact with the screw section, and is thus electrically connected to the screw section.

[0022] In a further development of the invention, the pyrotechnic unit is arranged outside the housing and partially within the first end section of the first contact element and is mechanically connected to the first end section. In this connected state, the pyrotechnic unit is designed to mechanically fix the busbar to the contact surface of the first end section and to close the guide cylinder. For example, the igniter housing of the pyrotechnic unit can be partially arranged within the first end section of the first contact element and mechanically connected to it. The pyrotechnic unit can thus, for example, be inserted or screwed into the screw head.The pyrotechnic unit also secures the busbar resting on the screw head's contact surface, for example, by clamping it between the screw head and a section of the detonator housing protruding from the screw head. The detonator element, located within the screw head of the detonator housing, is specifically designed to act upon and accelerate the separating element. Furthermore, the pyrotechnic unit seals the guide cylinder from the outside. For this purpose, the pyrotechnic unit may, for example, incorporate a sealing element attached to the detonator housing.

[0023] The first end section of the second contact element may have a receiving opening for a contact part arranged on the busbar. The second contact element may be designed as a hollow, open-ended screw bolt into which a contact part, for example a threaded bolt protruding from the second busbar, can be screwed. The bushing-like second end section may be arranged on the other side of the screw bolt.

[0024] The embodiments and advantages presented with reference to the separating device according to the invention apply accordingly to the assembly according to the invention as well as to the high-voltage on-board network according to the invention.

[0025] Further features of the invention will become apparent from the claims, the figures, and the description of the figures. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description, as well as the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or shown in the figures alone, are not only usable in the combinations specified, but also in other combinations or on their own.

[0026] The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to a preferred embodiment and the drawings.

[0027] They show: Fig. 1. A schematic longitudinal section view of an assembly for a high-voltage electrical system of a motor vehicle under normal circumstances; and Fig. 2. A longitudinal section view of the assembly in case of a fault.

[0028] In the figures, identical and functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

[0029] Fig. 1 and Fig. Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of an assembly 1 for a high-voltage electrical system of an electrified motor vehicle. The assembly 1 has a first busbar 2a and a second busbar 2b. The first busbar 2a can be electrically connected to a terminal of a first high-voltage component, for example, a phase tap of an inverter. The second busbar 2b can be electrically connected to a terminal of a second high-voltage component, for example, a phase terminal of an electric drive motor. The busbars 2a, 2b, and thus the high-voltage components, are electrically connected via a disconnect device 3 of the assembly 1, which normally (see Figure 2) provides a load current path 4. Fig. 1) provide between the high-voltage components and in case of a fault (see Fig. 2) can interrupt.

[0030] The disconnecting device 3 has a first contact element 5 and a second contact element 6. The contact elements 5 and 6 are at least partially arranged in a tubular, electrically insulating housing 7. Each contact element 5 and 6 has a first end section 5a and 6a, respectively, and a second end section 5b and 6b, respectively. The first end section 5a of the first contact element 5 is located outside the housing 7 at a first housing outlet and forms a contact point for the first busbar 2a. The first end section 6a of the second contact element 6 is located inside the housing 7 at a second housing outlet axially opposite the first housing outlet and forms a contact point for the second busbar 2a. The second end sections 5b and 6b of the contact elements 5 and 6 are located inside the housing 7 and form an electrical contact 8. The load current 4 is conducted via this electrical contact 8.The contact elements 5 and 6 form an electrical contact 8 in the form of a plug connection, whereby the second end section 5b of the first contact element 5 forms a circular plug-type connector 9, and the second end section 6b of the second contact element 6 forms a socket-type connector 10. Normally, the circular plug-type connector 9 has a first insertion depth into the socket-type connector 10.

[0031] The contact elements 5, 6 and the housing 7 each form a screw connection 11, by means of which the contact elements 5, 6 are mechanically fixed in the housing 7. The first contact element 5 is designed as a hollow screw 12, the screw head 13 of which forms the first end section 5a. The first busbar 2a rests on this screw head 13 and is thus in contact with the first contact element 5. A screw section 14 of the hollow screw 12 has a thread 15 for forming the screw connection 11 with the housing 7. A cup-shaped shaft section 16 without a thread forms the second, round-plug-like end section 5b. The second contact element 6 is designed as a screw socket 17 and also has a thread 15 in some sections for forming the screw connection 11 with the housing 7. The screw socket 17 has a receiving opening 18 for a contact part 19 of the busbar 2b.The receiving opening 18, which is at least partially located in the first end section 6a, can, for example, be an insertion opening for a contact part 19 in the form of a plug-in pin. The receiving opening 18 and the contact part 19 can also form a screw connection. The second end section 6b forms the socket-like connector 10.

[0032] The first contact element 5 also has a guide cylinder 20 for a separating element 21 of the separating device 3. The guide cylinder 20 is formed here in the screw area 14. The separating element 21, which is in Fig. Figure 1, shown in a rest position under normal circumstances, has a cartridge-like sleeve 22 which comprises an electrically insulating, cylindrical hollow body 23 and two electrically conductive covers or caps 24 of the hollow body 23. A fuse 25 is integrated into the separating element 21, which has a fusible link 26 connected to the caps 24 (see Figure 1). Fig. 2) and an arc-quenching agent (not shown here). The sleeve 22 forms a fuse housing for the fuse 25, with the caps 24 forming terminals 27a and 27b of the fuse 25. The caps 24 contact a wall of the guide cylinder 20, so that terminals 27a and 27b are electrically connected to the first contact element 5 and are normally short-circuited via the contact element 5. Normally, the load current 4 therefore does not flow through the fuse 25, but rather via the first contact element 5 to the second contact element 6.

[0033] The separating device 3 also includes a pyrotechnic unit 28, which is designed to accelerate the separating element 21 within the guide cylinder 20 in the event of a fault. Fig.In the event of a fault, the separating element 21 has an end position. The pyrotechnic unit 28 comprises an ignition element 29 and an ignition signal generator 30. The ignition element 29 is arranged in an ignition housing 31, which is mechanically connected to the first contact element 5. Here, the ignition housing 31 is partially located in the screw head 13 and seals the guide cylinder 20 to the outside via a seal 32. Furthermore, the ignition housing 31 secures the busbar 2a to the screw head 13, so that the busbar 2a and the first contact element 5 are electrically connected.

[0034] In the event of a fault, the ignition signal generator 30 receives an activation signal. This activation signal can be provided, for example, by an airbag control unit of the vehicle. The ignition signal generator 30 then generates an ignition signal, which ignites the ignition element 29. This ignition process 33 accelerates the separating element 21 in the guide cylinder 20 towards the second contact element 6, thereby separating the second end section 5b, here the cup-shaped shaft section 16, from the screw area 14. The separating element 21 pushes the second end section 5b further into the end section 5b of the second contact element 6, so that the round plug-type connector 9 has a second insertion depth in the socket-type connector 10 in the end position of the separating element 21.A gap 34 in the first contact element 5, formed as a space between the screw area 14 and the shaft area 16, is bridged by the separating element 21, whereby the first terminal 27a of the fuse 25 contacts the screw area 14 and the second terminal 27b of the fuse 25 contacts the shaft area 16. This transfers the load current path 4 to the fuse 25. The fusible link 26 carrying the load current 4 melts, and the quenching medium extinguishes any arc. The load current path 4 is then interrupted. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2020 104 935 A1

[0003]

Claims

[1] Disconnecting device (3) for interrupting a load current path (4) between two busbars (2a, 2b) in the event of a fault, comprising: - a separating element (21), - a pyrotechnic unit (28) for accelerating the separating element (21) in the event of a fault, - a fuse (25) integrated into the separating element (21) for interrupting the load current path (4) and extinguishing an arc, - a hollow cylindrical, electrically insulating housing (7) for arrangement between the busbars (2a, 2b) with two axially opposite housing outlets, - two axially opposing contact elements (5, 6) extending at least partially within the housing (7), which form a contact point for contacting the respective busbar (2a, 2b) at their respective first end sections (5a, 6a) arranged in the area of ​​the housing outlets, and whose second, mutually facing end sections (5b, 6b) form an electrical contact (8) for guiding the load current path (4), wherein a first of the contact elements (5) is at least partially hollow cylindrical and forms a guide cylinder (20) for the separating element (21), and wherein the separating element (21) accelerated by the pyrotechnic unit (28) in the guide cylinder (20) is designed to cut through the first contact element (5), to bridge the cut (34) of the first contact element (5) to take over the load current path (4), and to connect the taken-over load current path (4) via the fuse (25) to direct. [2] Separating device according to claim 1, characterized by , that the first contact element (5) has a predetermined breaking point arranged between the second end section (5b) and an adjacent central section, at which the first contact element (5) can be cut by separating the second end section (5b) from the separating element (21). [3] Separating device (3) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that outer sides of the contact elements (5, 6) and an inner side of the housing (7) have corresponding threads (15) via which the contact elements (5, 6) are screwed to the housing (7) in a non-destructively detachable manner. [4] Separating device (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the fuse (25) has a fuse housing with two electrical terminals (27a, 27b), a fusible conductor (26) arranged in the fuse housing and connected to the electrical terminals (27a, 27b) by the load current (4) and an arc quenching agent arranged in the fuse housing, wherein the fuse housing is formed by a cartridge-like sleeve (22) of the separating element (21). [5] Separating device (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the second end sections (5b, 6b) of the contact elements (5, 6) form a plug connection and the second end section (5a) of the first contact element (5) forms a first connector and the second end section (6b) of the other, second contact element (6) forms a second connector, wherein the first connector has a first plug position when not in the case of a fault and is separated by the separating element (21) in the case of a fault, is contacted with the fuse (25) integrated into the separating element (21) and has a second plug position. [6] Separating device (3) according to claim 5, characterized by, that the first connector is circular plug-like and the second connector is socket-like, wherein the circular plug-like connector (9) has a first insertion depth into the socket-like connector (10) in the first insertion position and a second insertion depth into the socket-like connector (10) in the second insertion position. [7] Separating device (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the first end section (5a) of the first contact element (5) is arranged at the housing outlet outside the housing (7) and has an annular disc-like contact surface which forms the contact point for the busbar (2a). [8] Separating device (3) according to claim 7, characterized by, that the first contact element (5) is designed as a hollow screw (12), wherein the hollow screw (12) has a screw head (13) arranged outside the housing (7) at the housing outlet, which forms the first end section (5a) and whose upper surface forms the support surface for the busbar (2a), a hollow cylindrical screw area (14) provided with a thread (15), which is arranged inside the housing (7) and forms the guide cylinder (20), and a cup-shaped, unthreaded shaft area (16) adjacent to the screw area (14) and closing the guide cylinder (20), which forms the second end section (5b) and can be separated from the screw area (14) by the separating element (21). [9] Separating device (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the pyrotechnic unit (28) is arranged outside the housing (7) and partially in the first end section (5a) of the first contact element and is mechanically connected to the first end section, wherein the pyrotechnic unit in the state connected to the first end section is designed to mechanically fix the busbar to the first end section (5a) and to close the guide cylinder (20). [10] Separating device (3) according to claim 9, characterized by , that the protechnical unit (28) comprises a detonator housing (31), a detonating element (29) arranged in the detonator housing (31) and a detonating signal generator (30) arranged at least partially in the detonator housing (31), wherein the detonator housing (31) is arranged in the first end section (5a) in certain areas and is mechanically connected to it. [11] Separating device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the first end section (6a) of the second contact element (6) has a receiving opening (18) for a contact part (19) arranged on the busbar (2b). [12] Assembly (1) comprising two busbars (2a, 2b) and a disconnecting device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a first busbar (2a) is electrically connected to the contact point of the first contact element (5) and a second busbar (2b) is electrically connected to the contact point of the second contact element (6). [13] High-voltage electrical system for a motor vehicle comprising at least one assembly (1) according to claim 10 and two high-voltage components, wherein a first high-voltage component is electrically connected to the at least one first busbar (2a) and a second high-voltage component is electrically connected to the at least one second busbar (2b). [14] High-voltage electrical system according to claim 13, characterized by, that the first high-voltage component is an inverter with at least three phase taps and the second high-voltage component is an electric drive machine with at least three phase connections, wherein at least two phase connections of the electric drive machine are connected to the associated phase taps via a module (1) and the disconnecting devices (3) of the modules (1) are designed to disconnect the phase connections from the phase taps in the event of a fault. [15] High-voltage electrical system according to claim 13 or 14, characterized by , that the high-voltage electrical system has a holding device with cylindrical channels into which the housings (7) of the disconnecting devices (3) are interchangeably inserted.

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