VEHICLE SEAT, ESPECIALLY FOR AN AUTONOMOUSLY DRIVING VEHICLE

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vehicle seat (100; 300), in particular for an autonomously driving motor vehicle, comprising an adjustment kinematics (140; 340), the adjustment kinematics (140; 340) comprising a first gear member and a second gear member, which are adjustable, in particular pivotable, relative to one another by means of an actuator (170; 370), wherein the actuator (170; 370) or one of the two gear members is connected to a carriage (200; 400), wherein a blocking device (220; 420) locks the carriage (200; 400) to a further component of the vehicle seat (100; 300), in particular a base (110; 310) of the vehicle seat (100; 300), characterized in that the blocking device (220; 420) has a pyrotechnic actuator (280; 380; 480), wherein the blocking device (220; 420) can be unlocked by activating the pyrotechnic actuator (280; 380; 480), and the carriage (200;400) is movable relative to the further component of the vehicle seat (100; 300) in the unlocked state of the blocking device (220; 420);

Description

The invention relates to a spindle drive for a vehicle seat having the features of the preamble of claim 1.Prior ArtIn an autonomously driving motor vehicle, a vehicle driver does not have to perform steering and / or braking and acceleration activities or does not have to perform steering and / or braking activities or accelerating activities during operation of the motor vehicle, but rather the motor vehicle is operable independently of the actions of a vehicle driver. Therefore, the vehicle driver can take a more comfortable position during autonomous driving than conventional vehicles. DE 10 2018 203 731 A1 discloses a vehicle seat for an autonomously driving motor vehicle which can assume a tilted position in which a seat part and a backrest have an angle which allows a partially lying position of the vehicle occupant during an autonomous driving operation. In an upright position of the vehicle seat, the vehicle driver can take over the vehicle guidance when the autonomous driving mode is switched off.DE 10 2022 119 627 A1 discloses a vehicle seat for an autonomously driving motor vehicle, the vehicle seat having a seat substructure and a backrest articulated to the seat substructure, the seat substructure having a base, a seat frame and an adjustment kinematics effective between the base and the seat frame. The adjustment kinematics is embodied as a five-bar linkage kinematics. In a reclined position, the seat frame and the seat back are each inclined rearward from an upright position about an axis parallel to a transverse direction, such that a partial position of the vehicle driver is permitted during autonomous driving operation. The vehicle seat upright corresponds to a seat setting in which the vehicle driver can safely take over the vehicle guidance when the autonomous driving operation is turned off.WO 2021 / 189089 A1 discloses an actuator having a housing, having a pyrotechnic charge and having a piston which merges into a bolt which, in the initial state, projects from the housing and is at least partially drawn into the housing when the pyrotechnic charge is ignited. A further vehicle seat is known from DE 10 2023 132 496 A1.The object is to provide a method for performing a processThe object of the invention is to provide a vehicle seat for an autonomously driving motor vehicle which can assume a tilted position in which a seat part and a backrest have an angle which enables a partially lying position of a vehicle occupant, in particular a vehicle driver, in an autonomous driving mode. In the event of an imminent or occurring vehicle collision, the vehicle seat is intended to be set up more quickly in the direction of an upright position of the vehicle seat than is possible in vehicle seats known from the prior art. This is intended to ensure that the vehicle occupant can take over the vehicle guidance more quickly, but at least in the event of a vehicle collision that is no longer avoidable or is occurring is brought into a more upright position in which a risk of injury is minimized.The difference between a seat surface inclination adjustability known from the prior art and the provision of a reclining position consists in that during a seat surface inclination adjustment a change of an inclination angle of the seat surface takes place, whereas an inclination angle of the backrest is not changed, whereas during the assumption of a reclining position both the inclination angle of the seat surface and the inclination angle of the backrest are changed.SolutionThe object is achieved according to the invention by a vehicle seat having the features of patent claim 1.The above object is achieved by the fact that the blocking device has a pyrotechnic actuator and the blocking device can be unlocked by activating the pyrotechnic actuator in order to enable a displacement of the carriage relative to the further component of the vehicle seat. By the displacement of the slide, the adjustment kinematics are adjusted accordingly.The locking element can be a bolt. The bolt may have a round cross section. The blocking element can be a component of the pyrotechnic actuator. The blocking element can be connected to a component of the pyrotechnic actuator. The blocking element may be connected to a piston of the pyrotechnic actuator.The pyrotechnic actuator can have a pyrotechnic charge and a piston which merges into the blocking element, wherein the blocking element projects from the housing in an initial state and is at least partially drawn into the housing when the pyrotechnic charge is ignited. The pyrotechnic actuator can be an actuator as described in WO 2021 / 189089 A1.The adjustment kinematics may comprise a first front rocker, a second front rocker and a rear rocker. The first front swing arm may be pivotally coupled to the base about a first axis of rotation. A first end region of the first front rocker can be pivotably articulated on the base about the first axis of rotation. The second front rocker can be pivotably articulated on the first front rocker about a second axis of rotation. A first end region of the second front rocker can be pivotably articulated about the second axis of rotation to a second end region of the first front rocker. The second front swing arm may be pivotally coupled to the seat frame about a third axis of rotation. A second end region of the second front link may be pivotably articulated on the seat frame about the third axis of rotation. The rear swing arm may be pivotally coupled to the seat frame about a fourth axis of rotation. A first end region of the rear swing arm can be pivotably articulated on the seat frame about the fourth axis of rotation. The rear swing arm can be pivotably articulated on the base about a fifth axis of rotation. A second end region of the rear rocker can be pivotably articulated on the base about the fifth axis of rotation. An angle between the first front rocker and the second front rocker can be adjustable by means of at least one actuating drive. The actuating drive is preferably a component of the adjusting kinematics.The at least one actuating drive, in particular an articulation part of the at least one actuating drive, can be articulated on the base in a first articulation point such that it can be pivoted about a sixth axis of rotation. The actuating drive, in particular a fastening eye of the at least one spindle drive, can be articulated on the second front rocker so as to be pivotable about a seventh axis of rotation in a second articulation point. A distance between the first articulation point and the second articulation point of the spindle drive can be adjustable by actuating the spindle drive.The vehicle seat according to the invention can be a vehicle seat for an autonomously driving motor vehicle. The vehicle seat according to the invention can be used both in an autonomously driving motor vehicle and in a conventional vehicle.The first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh axes of rotation preferably run parallel to one another. The first axis of rotation may be arranged below the second axis of rotation. The first axis of rotation may be arranged below the third axis of rotation. The first axis of rotation may be arranged in front of the fourth axis of rotation. The first axis of rotation may be arranged in front of the fifth axis of rotation. The second axis of rotation may be arranged below the third axis of rotation. The second axis of rotation may be arranged in front of the fourth axis of rotation. The second axis of rotation may be arranged in front of the fifth axis of rotation. The third axis of rotation may be arranged in front of the fourth axis of rotation. The third axis of rotation may be arranged in front of the fifth axis of rotation. The fifth axis of rotation may be arranged below the fourth axis of rotation. The sixth axis of rotation may be arranged in front of the first axis of rotation. The first axis of rotation may be disposed below the sixth axis of rotation. The third axis of rotation may be arranged in front of the seventh axis of rotation. The seventh axis of rotation may be arranged below the third axis of rotation. The seventh axis of rotation may be disposed between the second axis of rotation and the third axis of rotation. The seventh axis of rotation may be arranged centrally between the second axis of rotation and the third axis of rotation. The seventh axis of rotation may intersect a connecting line between the second axis of rotation and the third axis of rotation.At least one, several or all of the previously described arrangements of the axes of rotation with respect to one another can be provided in the tilted position and / or in an upright position of the vehicle seat.In summary and in other words, the invention provides a vehicle seat having a crash-active relax function. The invention is based on a seat substructure concept with a slide which is guided in the direction of travel and which, according to the invention, is released pyrotechnically in the event of a crash and is displaced forwards with dissipation of energy. In this case, the seat is moved from a relax position (tilting position) into a design-like position (upright position). The mechanics, in particular the mechanics of a blocking device, allows the use of only one standard pyro-actuator. The lever conditions, in particular of latches of a blocking device, ensure that the pyro-actuator is not overloaded. The use of the smallest possible pyro-actuator is cost-effective, space-saving and assembly-optimized.FIGURES AND EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTIONThe invention is explained in more detail below with reference to advantageous exemplary embodiments shown in the figures. However, the invention is not limited to these embodiments. The following are shown: FIG. 1 is a highly schematic side view of a vehicle seat according to the invention, FIG. 2 : a perspective view from obliquely front of a seat substructure of a vehicle seat according to the invention of a first exemplary embodiment in a non-cushioned state, wherein the vehicle seat is in an upper height adjustment position and an upright position, FIG. 3 : a perspective view obliquely from behind of the seat substructure from FIG. 2, FIG. 4 : a side view of the seat substructure from FIG. 2, FIGS. 4 to 14 show details of the first exemplary embodiment, FIG. 15 : a perspective view obliquely from the front of a seat substructure of a vehicle seat according to the invention according to a second exemplary embodiment in a non-cushioned state, wherein the vehicle seat is in an upper height adjustment position and an upright position, FIG. 16 : a perspective view obliquely from behind of the seat substructure from FIG. 15, and FIGS. 17-23 show details of the second embodiment.FIG. 1 shows a highly schematic and simplified view of the basic design of vehicle seats 100; 300 according to the invention, as described in more detail below with reference to two exemplary embodiments. The vehicle seats 100; 300 are described below using three spatial directions running perpendicular to one another. In the case of a vehicle seat 100; 300 installed in the vehicle, a longitudinal direction x extends largely horizontally and preferably parallel to a vehicle longitudinal direction which corresponds to the usual direction of travel of the vehicle. A transverse direction y running perpendicular to the longitudinal direction x is likewise aligned horizontally in the vehicle and runs parallel to a transverse direction of the vehicle. A vertical direction z extends perpendicular to the longitudinal direction x and perpendicular to the transverse direction y. In the case of a vehicle seat 100; 300 installed in the vehicle, the vertical direction z extends parallel to the vehicle vertical axis.The position information and direction information used, such as left, right, front, rear, top, bottom and transverse, relate to a viewing direction of an occupant seated on a seat surface of a seat substructure 102; 302 (seat part) of the vehicle seat 100; 300 in the usual seating position, wherein the vehicle seat 100; 300 is installed in the vehicle in a use position suitable for passenger transportation and with an upright backrest 104; 304, and is oriented in the usual direction of travel. The vehicle seat 100; 300 can, however, also be installed in a deviating orientation, for example transversely to the direction of travel. Unless described differently, the vehicle seats 100; 300 according to the invention are constructed mirror-symmetrically with respect to a plane running perpendicular to the transverse direction y.The vehicle seats 100; 300 can each be designed as a so-called belt integral seat, in which a belt system is largely completely integrated into the vehicle seat 100; 300. An upper belt exit point can be integrated into an upper region of the backrest 104. However, the invention is not limited to belt integral seats.The backrest 104; 304 is connected on both sides by means of a respective fitting 106; 306 to the seat substructure 102; 302 in such a way that it can be adjusted in inclination.FIGS. 2 to 14 show a first exemplary embodiment of a vehicle seat 100 according to the invention and described below.The seat base 102 includes a base 110, a seat frame 120, and an adjustment kinematics 140 effective between the base 110 and the seat frame 120.The base 110 comprises in the present case on each side a rail for longitudinally adjusting the vehicle seat 100. Each of the two rails has a seat rail 112 and a floor rail 114 which can be connected to a vehicle floor and on which the seat rail 112 is displaceably guided. An adapter 116 is fastened to each of the two seat rails 112. The adapter 116 serves in particular for connecting elements of the adjustment kinematics 140 to the base 110. The adapter 116 is thus a component of the base 110.The seat frame 120 comprises a seat frame side part 122 on each side (as viewed in the transverse direction y). In addition, the seat frame 120 includes a front cross tube 124 and a rear cross tube 126. The two seat frame side parts 122 are arranged spaced apart from one another. The front transverse tube 124 extends between the two seat frame side parts 122 and is fixedly connected on both sides to in each case one of the two seat frame side parts 122. The rear transverse tube 126 extends between the two seat frame side parts 122 and is rotatably mounted on both sides on one of the two seat frame side parts 122. The seat frame side parts 122 are in the present case each composed of a plurality of sheet metal parts which form a closed profile in sections. Alternatively, however, the two seat frame side parts can also each be one-piece, in particular profiled seat frame side parts.The adjusting kinematics 140 has five-bar linkage kinematics (as viewed in the transverse direction y) on both seat sides (right seat side, left seat side). Since the two five-bar linkage kinematics are constructed mirror-symmetrically with respect to one another with respect to a plane running perpendicular to the transverse direction y, that is to say each of five parallel axes of rotation I, II, III, IV, V runs in each case on both sides through a pivot joint of the five-bar linkage kinematics, only one of the two five-bar linkage kinematics is described below. Unless described differently, all components of the adjustment kinematics 140 are present both on the right seat side and on the left seat side.The adjusting kinematics 140 has on both sides a first front rocker 142, a second front rocker 144 and a rear rocker 146. The first front rocker 142 is pivotably articulated on the base 110, in the present case the adapter 116 of the base 110, about a first axis of rotation I. The second front rocker 144 is pivotably articulated on the first front rocker 142 about a second axis of rotation II. The second front swing arm 144 is pivotably articulated on the seat frame 120 about a third axis of rotation III. The rear swing arm 146 is pivotably articulated on the seat frame 120 about a fourth axis of rotation IV. The rear rocker 146 is pivotably articulated on the base 110, in the present case the adapter 116 of the base 110, about a fifth axis of rotation V. The axes of rotation I, II, III, IV, V extend parallel to one another and parallel to the transverse direction y. Each of the axes of rotation I, II, III, IV, V extends in each case at a distance from all of the other axes of rotation I, II, III, IV, V.To provide a height adjustment function, the adjustment kinematics 140 has a first actuating drive 160. By means of the first actuator 160, a distance between the base 110 and the seat frame 120 is adjustable.The two rear links 146 are connected, in particular welded, to the rear transverse tube 126 in a rotationally fixed manner. The rear cross tube 126, and thus the two rear links 146, are pivotably mounted on the seat frame side parts 122 of the seat frame 120 about the fourth axis of rotation IV. Alternatively, the rear transverse tube 126 can be connected, in particular welded, in a rotationally fixed manner to the seat frame side parts 122 of the seat frame 120 and the two rear links 146 can be pivotably mounted on the rear transverse tube 126.The first actuating drive 160 has an electric motor 162, a gear 164, a spindle nut and a threaded spindle 166. The spindle nut is a rotatable and drivable component of the transmission 164 and is arranged in a transmission housing of the transmission 164. The first actuator 160 connects the rear swing arm 146 and the base 110 to each other. For this purpose, the electric motor 162 and the gear 164 are articulated eccentrically to the fifth axis of rotation V on the rear rocker 146. The lead screw 166 is pivotally connected to the adapter 116 of the base 110. The gear 164 is pivotally connected to the rear swing arm 146 by a mounting bracket 168.By actuating the electric motor 162, the spindle nut rotates so that the lead screw 166 is moved relative to the gear housing and the rear swing arm 146 pivots, whereby the seat frame side part 122 experiences a height change with simultaneous defined pivoting of the first front swing arm 142 and the second front swing arm 144.To provide the tilting position of the vehicle seat 100, each of the two adjusting kinematics 140 has a respective second actuating drive 170. The following description applies in each case to both actuating drives 170 and both adjusting mechanisms 140.The angle between the second front link 144 and the seat frame 120 is adjustable by means of the second actuator 170, wherein the angle between the rear link and the base 110 preferably remains constant as long as the first actuator 160 remains unactuated. By means of the second actuating drive 170, the seat frame 120 can be raised in its front region and pivoted about the fourth axis of rotation IV. The seat frame 120 also pivots the backrest 104, in the present case pivoted about the fourth axis of rotation IV, to the seat frame 120 by means of the fittings 106, so that the tilting position of the seat frame 120 and of the backrest 104, and thus of the vehicle seat 100, is provided.In the tilted position, the seat frame 120 and the backrest 104 are each inclined rearward with respect to an upright position about an axis parallel to the transverse direction y (in the exemplary embodiment the fourth axis of rotation IV), such that a substantially lying position of the vehicle driver is made possible during autonomous driving operation. The upright position of the vehicle seat 100 corresponds to a seat setting in which the vehicle driver can safely take over the vehicle guidance.The first actuating drive 160 can optionally be omitted. In this respect, the second actuating drive 170 can also be the only actuating drive.The second actuating drive 170 has an electric motor 172, a gear mechanism 174, a spindle nut, a threaded spindle 176 and an articulation part 178 designed as a fastening bracket. The second actuator 170 angularly connects the second front link 144 to a slide 200 releasably connected to the base 110.A first articulation point A 1 of the second actuating drive 170 is pivotably articulated on the base 110 about a sixth axis of rotation VI. For this purpose, a transmission housing of the transmission 176 and preferably also the electric motor 172 are fastened to the articulation part 178. The articulation part 178 is articulated on the carriage 200 such that it can be pivoted about the sixth axis of rotation VI.The articulation part 178 in the present case comprises a U-shaped metal sheet which at least partially surrounds the transmission housing of the transmission 174. The articulation part 178 has a central part and two limbs 180 oriented at an angle from the central part. The central part of the articulation part 178 has a spindle opening for the threaded spindle 176 to pass through. Both legs 180 of the articulation part 178 each have a receiving opening in an end region facing away from the central part for receiving a bolt 182. The bolt 182 is also inserted or screwed into two bearing eyes 202 of the slide 200. The pin 182 forms the sixth axis of rotation VI. Thus, the gear 174 is pivotably articulated on the carriage 200 about the sixth axis of rotation VI.A second articulation point A 2 of the second actuating drive 170 is pivotably articulated on the second front link 144 about a seventh axis of rotation VII. For this purpose, an end of the threaded spindle 176 facing away from the first articulation point A 1 has a fastening eye which is pivotably articulated to the second front rocker 144 by means of a bolt 184. The bolt 184 thus forms the second articulation point A 2 and the seventh axis of rotation VII.A distance between the first articulation point A 1 and the second articulation point A 2 of the second actuating drive 170 can be adjusted by actuating the electric motor 172, in that the threaded spindle 176 and thus the second articulation point A 2 can be displaced relative to the transmission housing of the transmission 174 and the first articulation point A 1 by a rotation of the spindle nut.The sixth axis of rotation VI extends at a distance from the first axis of rotation I and parallel to the first axis of rotation I. The sixth axis of rotation VI is preferably arranged above the first axis of rotation I. The sixth axis of rotation VI is preferably arranged in front of the first axis of rotation I.The seventh axis of rotation VII extends at a distance from the third axis of rotation III and parallel to the third axis of rotation III. The seventh axis of rotation VII is preferably arranged below the third axis of rotation III. The seventh axis of rotation VII is preferably arranged behind the first axis of rotation I.During normal operation of the vehicle seat 100, the carriage 200 is fixedly connected to the adapters 116 of the base 110. However, the carriage 200 is movable relative to the base 116 in a limited manner, in a manner described in more detail below, after triggering a pyrotechnic actuator 270 (in particular under a crash load). The setting of the setting kinematics 140 can be changed by the relative movement between the slide 200 and the base 110 via the second actuating drive 170, without the electric motor 172 of the second actuating drive 170 having to be actuated.In normal operation of the vehicle seat 100, the carriage 200 is secured against displacement relative to the base 110 by means of a blocking device 220. In the event of an imminent or occurring vehicle collision (crash event), the blocking device 220 opens pyrotechnically in the manner described in more detail below, such that the carriage 200 is displaceable relative to the base 110, in particular in the longitudinal direction x, on account of forces acting on the vehicle seat 100. The displacement of the carriage 200 does not have to take place parallel to the longitudinal direction x, but has a displacement portion in the longitudinal direction x.Due to the displacement of the carriage 200 relative to the base 110, the first articulation point A 1 of the second actuator 170 and the sixth axis of rotation VI also displace accordingly. The second articulation point A 2 between the second front link 144 and the second actuator 170 is correspondingly displaced by the second actuator 170 due to the displacement of the first articulation point A 1. The adapter 116 of the base 110 and thus the first axis of rotation I of the first front rocker 142 are not displaced, so that the second articulation point A 2 is pulled downward via the threaded spindle 176 of the second actuator. As a result, an angle between the first front rocker 142 and the second front rocker 144 is changed, in the present case reduced, such that the seat frame 120 and the backrest 104, in the present case about the fourth axis of rotation IV, are pivoted very quickly out of the tilted position in the direction of the upright position without the (second) actuating drive 170 having to be activated.The carriage 200 extends between the two adapters 116. A first end region of the carriage 200 is detachably connected to one of the two adapters 116, for example the left adapter 116. A second end region of the carriage 200 is detachably connected to the other of the two adapters 116, for example the right adapter 116.The carriage 200 has a slot 204 on each side, in particular in both end regions. The elongated holes 204 are, like one of the two bearing eyes 202 each, introduced into a flange 206 of the carriage 200, which flange is angled in particular in the vertical direction z. The slots 204 extend substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction x. In each of the two end regions, a bolt 208 fixedly connected to the adapter 116 of the base 110 is arranged within the slot 204. The bolt 208 is aligned with the first axis of rotation I. In particular, the bolt 208 forms the first axis of rotation I. In normal operation of the vehicle seat 100, the carriage 200 is arranged relative to the base 110 in such a way that the bolt 208 bears against a front edge region of the slot 204.Between the two flanges 206 of the slide 200 and the respectively associated adapter 116, a sliding element 210 is arranged in each case, which reduces the friction between the slide 200 and the adapters in the event of a relative displacement.The blocking device 220 for locking the slide 200 to the base 110 has a first pawl 230 and a second pawl 250.The first pawl 230 is pivotally connected to the carriage 200 about a first pivot axis S 1. The first pawl 230 includes a first locking arm 232 and a first support arm 234. The first locking arm 232 and the first support arm 234 extend in different, in particular opposite, directions starting from the first pivot axis S 1. At an end of the first locking arm 232 facing away from the first pivot axis S 1, a first catch contour 236 is formed, which engages in a positive fit in a locking opening 118 of an associated adapter 116 during normal operation of the vehicle seat 100 and thereby locks the slide 200 to the base 110. At an end of the first support arm 234 facing away from the first pivot axis S 1, a support contour 238 is formed.The second pawl 250 is pivotally connected to the carriage 200 about a second pivot axis S 2. The second pawl 250 includes a second locking arm 252 and a second support arm 254. The second locking arm 252 and the second support arm 254 extend in different, in particular opposite, directions starting from the second pivot axis S 2. At an end of the second locking arm 252 facing away from the second pivot axis S 2, a second catch contour 256 is formed, which engages in a positive fit in a locking opening 118 of an associated adapter 116 during normal operation of the vehicle seat 100 and thereby locks the slide 200 to the base 110. At an end of the second support arm 254 facing away from the second pivot axis S 2, a second support contour 238 is formed.The blocking device 220 is locked by means of a pyrotechnic actuator 270. The pyrotechnic actuator 270 has a housing 272 which, in the present case by means of a retaining bracket 274, is fixedly connected to the carriage 200. The housing 272 of the actuator 270 is disposed at an upper side of the carriage 200.The pyrotechnic actuator 270 has a blocking element 276, in the present case a bolt. The blocking element 276 is inserted through a through-opening in the carriage 200 and protrudes out of the carriage 200 on an underside of the carriage 200 facing away from the housing 272. The blocking element 276 prevents the two latches 230, 250 from pivoting by means of a positive contact with the first latch 230 as long as the pyrotechnic actuator 270 is not triggered. By triggering the pyrotechnic actuator 270, the blocking element 276 can be retracted in the direction of the housing 272 to such an extent that the two latches 230, 250 can be freely pivoted about the respectively assigned pivot axis S 1, S 2.The first pawl 230 is predominantly arranged on the upper side of the carriage 200, wherein an end region of the first support arm 234 is guided through a passage opening 212 in the carriage 200 on the lower side thereof. The first support arm 234, in particular its end region, bears in a positive-locking manner on the blocking element 276 of the pyrotechnic actuator 270 in the normal operation of the vehicle seat 100 in such a way that the first latch 230 is secured against pivoting about the first pivot axis S 1, and as a result the first catch contour 236 cannot pivot out of the locking opening 118 of the associated adapter 116.The second pawl 250 is disposed on the top of the carriage 200. In normal operation of the vehicle seat 100, the second support arm 254 of the second latch 250 bears in a form-fitting manner against the first support arm 234 of the first latch 230 in such a way that the second latch 250 is secured against pivoting about the second pivot axis S 2 and as a result the second catch contour 256 cannot pivot out of the locking opening 118 of the associated adapter 116.A first lever arm H 11 between the first catch contour 236 and the first pivot axis S 1 is smaller than a second lever arm H 12 between the first support contour 238 and the first pivot axis S 1. This results in a reduction of a force acting on the first catching contour 236, so that a correspondingly lower force acts on the blocking element 276 of the pyrotechnic actuator 270.A second lever arm H 21 between the second catch contour 256 and the second pivot axis S 2 is smaller than a second lever arm H 22 between the second support contour 258 and the second pivot axis S 2. This results in a reduction of a force acting on the second catching contour 256, so that a correspondingly lower force acts on the blocking element 276 of the pyrotechnic actuator 270.In the event of an imminent or occurring vehicle collision (crash event), the pyrotechnic actuator 270 is triggered if the vehicle seat 100 is in the tilted position or between the tilted position and the upright position. The blocking element 276 is pulled in the direction of the housing 272 when the pyrotechnic actuator 270 is triggered and enables a pivoting movement of the latches 230, 250. As a result, the catch contours 236, 256 of the latches 230, 250 can pivot out of the locking openings 118. The slide 200 which is thereby unlocked experiences a displacement relative to the base 110, for example on account of the inertial and / or crash forces acting on the vehicle seat 100, in particular with deformation of deformation elements 280. As a result, the vehicle seat 100 is transferred into the upright position without the electric motor 172 being energized.If the vehicle seat 100 is already in the upright position in the event of an imminent or occurring vehicle collision (crash event), the upright position can be detected via a sensor arrangement known per se and the pyrotechnic actuator 270 preferably cannot be triggered. Due to the previously described lever arm ratios of the lever arms H 11, H 12, H 21, H 22, reduced forces act on the blocking element 276 of the pyrotechnic actuator 270, such that a pyrotechnic actuator 270 with reduced cost and weight can be used.In order to control or limit the speed of the relative displacement between the carriage 200 and the base 110 and thus the speed of the transfer of the vehicle seat 100 in the direction of the upright position in the event of an imminent or occurring vehicle collision, a deformation element 280 is arranged on both seat sides. The two deformation elements 280 are constructed and arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to a plane running perpendicular to the transverse direction y, so that the following description applies to both deformation elements 280. One of the two deformation elements 280 connects an adapter 116 assigned to it to the slide 200.The deformation element 280 has a first fastening flange 282, a second fastening flange 284 and a deformation region 286 connecting the two fastening flanges 282, 284 to one another. The deformation region 286 is meander-shaped in the present case. The deformation region 286 comprises a U-shaped loop, in particular made of a steel sheet. The deformation region 286 has two limbs 288.1, 288.2, which extend in particular parallel to one another, and a connecting region 288.3, which connects the two limbs 288.1, 288.2 to one another. The first fastening flange 282 is formed at an end of the first leg 288.1 facing away from the connecting region 288.3. The second fastening flange 284 is formed at an end of the second leg 288.2 facing away from the connecting region 288.3.The first fastening flange 282 is fastened to the associated adapter 116, in particular screwed to the associated adapter 116. The second fastening flange 284 is fastened to the carriage 200, in particular screwed to the carriage 200.After triggering the pyrotechnic actuator 270, the carriage 200 is no longer locked to the base 110 by means of the blocking device 220. A connection between the carriage 200 and the base 110 is only provided via the two deformation elements 280, which plastically deform under the loads occurring in the event of a crash and thereby make possible a displacement of the carriage 200 relative to the base 110, whereby a transfer of the vehicle seat 100 in the direction of the upright position takes place in a damped manner with a dissipation of energy.A third actuating drive 190 serves for longitudinal adjustment, i.e. for displacing the seat rail 112 relative to the floor rail 114. The further actuating drive 190 has, in a manner known per se, an electric motor, a gear mechanism, a spindle nut and a spindle arranged in a cavity between the seat rail 112 and the bottom rail 114.FIGS. 15 to 23 show a second exemplary embodiment of a vehicle seat 300 according to the invention and described below. Identical components having the same effect bear reference numerals higher than the corresponding components of the first exemplary embodiment by 200. The vehicle seat 300 corresponds in terms of structure and function to the vehicle seat 100 described above, unless described differently below. If individual components of the vehicle seat 300 are listed in the list of reference numerals, but are not described below, the corresponding description of the vehicle seat 100 of the first exemplary embodiment applies.A base 310 of the vehicle seat 300 additionally comprises a cross beam 315 oriented in the transverse direction y and two support elements 317. The cross bar 315 is connected on both sides by means of a carrier element 317 to a seat rail 312 of the base 310.The vehicle seat 300 has a second actuator 370 on each side. Due to a symmetrical arrangement of the second actuating drive 370 and an adjustment kinematics 340, only one seat side of the vehicle seat 300 is described below.The second actuator 370 angularly connects a second front link 344 to a slide 400 releasably connected to the base 310.A first articulation point A 1 of the second actuating drive 370 is articulated on a carriage 400 such that it can be pivoted about a sixth axis of rotation VI. A second articulation point A 2 of the second actuating drive 370 is pivotably articulated on the second front link 344 about a seventh axis of rotation VII.During normal operation of the vehicle seat 300, the carriage 400 is firmly connected to the base 310, in the present case one of the two carrier elements 317. However, the carriage 400 is movable relative to the base 310 in a limited manner in a manner described in more detail below after triggering a pyrotechnic actuator 470 (in particular under a crash load). The setting of the setting kinematics 340 can be changed by the relative movement between the slide 400 and the base 310 via the second actuating drive 370.In normal operation of the vehicle seat 300, the carriage 400 is secured against displacement relative to the base 310 by means of a blocking device 420. In the event of an imminent or occurring vehicle collision (crash event), the blocking device 420 opens pyrotechnically in the manner described in more detail below, such that the carriage 400 is displaceable relative to the base 310, in particular in the longitudinal direction x, on account of forces acting on the vehicle seat 300. The displacement of the carriage 400 does not have to take place parallel to the longitudinal direction x, but has a displacement portion in the longitudinal direction x.The carriage 400 has two bearing eyes 402, which are each designed as a flange 406 angled in particular in the vertical direction z. In addition, the slide 400 has an elongated hole 404. The slot 404 extends substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction x. A bolt 408 fixedly connected to the carrier element 317 of the base 310 is arranged within the slot 404. The bolt 408 runs largely parallel to the vertical direction z. In normal operation of the vehicle seat 300, the carriage 400 is arranged relative to the base 310 in such a way that the bolt 408 bears against a front edge region of the slot 404.The blocking device 420 for locking the slide 400 to the base 310 comprises a first pawl 430 and a second pawl 450.The first pawl 430 is pivotally connected to the cross bar 315 of the base 310 about a first pivot axis S 1. The first pawl 430 includes a first locking arm 432 and a first support arm 434. The first locking arm 432 and the first support arm 434 extend in different, in particular opposite, directions starting from the first pivot axis S 1. At an end of the first locking arm 432 facing away from the first pivot axis S 1, a first catching contour 436 is formed, which engages in a positive fit in a locking opening 414 of one of the two slides 400 during normal operation of the vehicle seat 300 and thereby locks the slide 400 to the base 310. At an end of the first support arm 434 facing away from the first pivot axis S 1, a first support contour 438 is formed.The second pawl 450 is pivotally connected to the cross bar 315 of the base 310 about a second pivot axis S 2. The second pawl 450 includes a second locking arm 452 and a second support arm 454. The second locking arm 452 and the second support arm 454 extend in different, in particular opposite, directions starting from the second pivot axis S 2. At an end of the second locking arm 452 facing away from the second pivot axis S 2, a second catch contour 456 is formed, which engages in a positive fit in a locking opening 416 of the other of the two slides 400 during normal operation of the vehicle seat 300 and thereby locks the slide 400 to the base 310. At an end of the second support arm 454 facing away from the second pivot axis S 2, a second support contour 458 is formed. A rubber plug 459 serves for vibration damping in the region of the second supporting contour 458 and can be sheared off by a pivoting movement of the first pawl 430, such that the rubber plug 459 has no influence on the functionality of the blocking device 420.The blocking device 420 is locked by means of a pyrotechnic actuator 470. The pyrotechnic actuator 470 includes a housing 472 fixedly connected to the cross bar 315 of the base 310. The housing 472 of the actuator 470 is disposed at a lower side of the cross bar 315. A seat control device 499 is also arranged on the underside of the cross bar 315 and is firmly connected to the cross bar 315.The pyrotechnic actuator 470 has a blocking element 476, in the present case a bolt. The blocking element 476 is inserted through a through-opening in the cross bar 315 and protrudes out of the cross bar 315 on an upper side of the cross bar 315 facing away from the housing 472. The blocking element 476 prevents the two catches 430, 450 from pivoting by a positive contact with the first catch 430 as long as the pyrotechnic actuator 470 is not triggered. By triggering the pyrotechnic actuator 470, the blocking element 476 can be retracted in the direction of the housing 472 to such an extent that the two latches 430, 450 can be freely pivoted about the respectively assigned pivot axis S 1, S 2.The two latches 430, 450 are arranged on the upper side of the cross bar 315. The first support arm 434, in particular its end region, bears in a positive-locking manner against the blocking element 476 of the pyrotechnic actuator 470 in the normal operation of the vehicle seat 300 in such a way that the first latch 430 is secured against pivoting about the first pivot axis S 1, and as a result the first catch contour 436 cannot pivot out of the locking opening 414 of the associated slide 400.In normal operation of the vehicle seat 300, the second support arm 454 of the second pawl 450 bears in a form-fitting manner against the first support arm 434 of the first pawl 430 in such a way that the second pawl 450 is secured against pivoting about the second pivot axis S 2 and as a result the second catch contour 456 cannot pivot out of the locking opening 416 of the associated carriage 400.A first lever arm H 11 between the first catch contour 436 and the first pivot axis S 1 is smaller than a second lever arm H 12 between the first support contour 438 and the first pivot axis S 1. A second lever arm H 21 between the second catch contour 456 and the second pivot axis S 2 is smaller than a second lever arm H 22 between the second support contour 458 and the second pivot axis S 2.In the event of an imminent or occurring vehicle collision (crash event), the pyrotechnic actuator 470 is triggered if the vehicle seat 300 is in the tilted position or between the tilted position and the upright position. The blocking element 476 is pulled in the direction of the housing 472 when the pyrotechnic actuator 470 is triggered and enables a pivoting movement of the latches 430, 450. As a result, the catch contours 436, 456 of the catches 430, 450 can pivot out of the locking openings 414, 416 of the slides 400. The slides 400 which are thereby unlocked undergo a displacement relative to the base 310, for example on account of the inertial and / or crash forces acting on the vehicle seat 300, in particular with deformation of deformation elements 480. As a result, the vehicle seat 300 is transferred into the upright position.In order to control or limit the speed of the relative displacement between the two slides 400, on the one hand, and the base 310, on the other hand, and thus the speed of the transfer of the vehicle seat 300 in the direction of the upright position in the event of an imminent or occurring vehicle collision, a deformation element 480 is arranged on both seat sides. The two deformation elements 480 are constructed and arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to a plane running perpendicular to the transverse direction y, so that the following description applies to both deformation elements 480. One of the two deformation elements 480 connects an associated slide 400 to one of the two carrier elements 317 of the base 310.The deformation element 480 is U-shaped and in particular made of a steel sheet. The deformation element 480 has a first leg 490, a second leg 492 and a connecting region 494 connecting the two legs 490, 492 to one another. The two legs 490, 492 preferably extend parallel to one another. The first leg 490 has two noses 490.1 in an end region facing away from the connecting region 494. In addition, the first leg 490 has an opening 490.2, which weakens the rigidity of the first leg 490.The two noses 490.1 of the first leg 490 are hooked into corresponding hooks 413 of the slide 400. The second leg 492 is screwed to the associated carrier element 317 by means of a screw 496, which at the same time forms the first pivot axis S 1 for the first pawl 430.After triggering the pyrotechnic actuator 470, the carriage 400 is no longer locked to the base 410 by means of the blocking device 420. A connection between the carriage 400 and the base 410 is only provided via the two deformation elements 480, which plastically deform under the loads occurring in the event of a crash and thereby make possible a displacement of the carriage 400 relative to the base 310, whereby a transfer of the vehicle seat 300 in the direction of the upright position takes place in a damped manner with a dissipation of energy.The features disclosed in the above description, the claims and the figures can be important both individually and in combination for the realization of the invention in its various configurations, insofar as they remain within the scope of the claims.List of reference characters100; 300 Vehicle seat 102; 302 seat substructure 104; 304 backrest 106; 306 fitting 110; 310 base 112; 312 seat rail 114; 314 floor rail 116; 316 adapter 118 locking opening 120; 320 seat frame 122; 322 seat frame side part 124 front transverse tube 126; 326 rear transverse tube 140; 340 adjusting kinematics 142; 342 first front rocker 144; 344 second front rocker 146; 346 rear rocker 160; 360 first actuator 162 electric motor 164 transmission 166 threaded spindle 168 fastening bracket 170; 370 second actuator 172; 372 electric motor 174; 374 transmission 176; 376 threaded spindle 178; 378 articulation part 180; 380 limb 182; 382 bolt 184; 384 bolt 190 actuator 200; 400 slide 202; 402 bearing eye 204; 404 elongated hole 206; 406 flange 208; 384; 408 bolt 210 sliding element 212 passage opening 220; 420 blocking device 230; 430 (first) pawl 232; 432 (first) locking arm 234; 434 (first) support arm 236; 436 (first) catch contour 238; 438 (first) support contour 250; 450 (second) pawl 252; 452 (second) locking arm 254; 454 (second) support arm 256; 456 (second) catch contour 258; 458 (second) support contour 270; 470 pyrotechnic actuator 272; 472 housing 274 retaining bracket 276; 476 blocking element, bolt 280; 480 Deformation element 282 (first) Fastening flange 284 (second) Fastening flange 286 Deformation region 288.1 (first leg) 288.2 (second leg) 288.3 (connection region) 315 Cross bar 317 Carrier element 413 Hook 414 Locking opening 416 Locking opening 459 Rubber plug 490 First leg 490.1 Nose 490.2 Opening 492 Second leg 492.1 Through hole 494 Connection region 496 Screw 499 Seat control device I First axis of rotation II Second axis of rotation III Third axis of rotation IV Fourth axis of rotation V Fifth axis of rotation VI Sixth axis of rotation VII Seventh axis of rotation A 1 First articulation point A 2 Second articulation point H 11 First lever arm (of the first pawl 230; 430) H 12 Second lever arm (of the first pawl 230; 480; 430) H21First lever arm (of the second pawl 250; 450) H22Second lever arm (of the second pawl 250; 450) S1First pivot axis S2Second pivot axis x Längsrichtung direction y Querrichtung direction z Vertikal direction

Claims

Vehicle seat (100; 300), in particular for an autonomously driving motor vehicle, having an adjustment kinematics (140; 340), the adjustment kinematics (140; 340) having a first transmission member and a second transmission member, which are adjustable, in particular pivotable, relative to one another by means of an actuating drive (170; 370), wherein the actuating drive (170; 370) or one of the two transmission members is connected to a carriage (200; 400), wherein a blocking device (220; 420) locks the carriage (200; 400) to a further component of the vehicle seat (100; 300), in particular a base (110; 310) of the vehicle seat (100; 300), characterized in that the blocking device (220; 420) has a pyrotechnic actuator (280; 380; 480), wherein the blocking device (220; 420) is connected by activating the pyrotechnic actuator (280; 380; 480); 480) and the carriage (200; 400) is movable relative to the further component of the vehicle seat (100; 300) in the unlocked state of the blocking device (220; 420).Vehicle seat (100; 300) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the blocking device (220; 420) has at least one latch (230, 250; 430, 450), wherein the latch (230, 250; 430, 450) is blocked by means of a blocking element (276; 476) in a latch position locking the further component, wherein a blocking effect of the blocking element (276; 476) can be cancelled by means of the pyrotechnic actuator (270; 470).Vehicle seat (100; 300) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the locking element (276; 476) is a bolt.Vehicle seat (100; 300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blocking element (276; 476) is a component of the pyrotechnic actuator (270; 470), in particular is connected to a piston of the pyrotechnic actuator (270; 470).Vehicle seat (100; 300) according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the at least one latch (230, 250; 430, 450) is mounted such that it can be pivoted about a pivot axis (S1, S2).The vehicle seat (100; 300) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the at least one latch (230, 250; 430, 450) comprises a locking arm (232, 252; 432, 452) and a support arm (234, 254; 434, 454).Vehicle seat (100; 300) according to Claims 5 and 6, characterized in that a first lever arm (H11, H21) between a catch contour (236, 256; 436, 456) of the pawl (230, 250; 430, 450) and the pivot axis (S1, S2) is smaller than a second lever arm (H12, H22) between the pivot axis (S1, S2) and a support contour (238, 258; 438, 458) of the support arm (234, 254; 434, 454).Vehicle seat (100) according to one of Claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the at least one latch (230, 250) is mounted on the carriage (200) such that it can be pivoted about a pivot axis (S1, S2) and locks a catch contour (236, 256) of the at least one latch (230, 250) in a positive-locking manner to a further component of the vehicle seat (100), in particular a base (110) of the vehicle seat (100).Vehicle seat (100) according to Claim 8, characterized in that the pyrotechnic actuator (270) is fastened to the carriage (200).Vehicle seat (300) according to one of Claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the at least one latch (430, 450) is mounted on the further component of the vehicle seat (300), in particular a base (310) of the vehicle seat (300), such that it can be pivoted about a pivot axis (S1, S2), and a catch contour (436, 456) of the at least one latch (430, 450) is locked to the carriage (400) in a positive-locking manner.Vehicle seat (300) according to Claim 10, characterized in that the pyrotechnic actuator (470) is fastened to the further component of the vehicle seat (300), in particular to a base (310) of the vehicle seat (300).Vehicle seat (100; 300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle seat (100; 300) can be transferred from an upright position into a tilted position in which a seat frame (120; 320) and a backrest (104; 304) each have an angle of inclination relative to a longitudinal direction (x) which enables a predominantly lying position of a vehicle occupant, in particular a vehicle driver, in particular in an autonomous driving mode.Vehicle seat (100; 300) according to Claim 12, characterized in that the vehicle seat (100; 300) can be transferred from the inclined position into the upright position by the occurrence of the overload, in particular a crash load, acting on the vehicle seat (100; 300), in that the relative displacement between the slide (200; 400) and the base (110; 310) takes place.Vehicle seat (100; 300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle seat (100; 300) has a seat substructure (102; 302) and a backrest (104; 304) articulated to the seat substructure (102; 302), wherein the seat substructure (102; 302) has a base (110; 310), a seat frame (120; 320) and an adjustment kinematics (140; 340) which is effective between the base (110; 310) and the seat frame (120; 320).Vehicle seat (100; 300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first transmission member is a first rocker arm (142; 342), in particular a first front rocker arm (142; 342), of the adjustment kinematics (140; 340), and the second transmission member is a second rocker arm (144; 344), in particular a second front rocker arm (144; 344), of the adjustment kinematics (140; 340), wherein the second rocker arm (144; 344) is pivotable relative to the first rocker arm (142; 342) by means of the actuating drive (170; 370).Vehicle seat (100; 300) according to Claim 15, characterized in that the first link (142; 342) is pivotably articulated on the base (110; 310), in particular an adapter (116; 316) of the base (110; 310), about a first axis of rotation (I), the second link (144; 344) is pivotably articulated on the first link (142; 342) about a second axis of rotation (II), and the second link (144; 344) is pivotably articulated on the seat frame (120) about a third axis of rotation (III).Vehicle seat (100; 300) according to Claim 16, characterized in that a further, in particular rear, rocker (146; 346) is pivotably articulated on the seat frame (120; 320) about a fourth axis of rotation (IV) and pivotably articulated on the base (110; 310), in particular an adapter (116; 316) of the base (110; 310) about a fifth axis of rotation (V).Vehicle seat (100; 300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blocking device (220; 420) has at least one deformation element (280; 480) which, after activation of the pyrotechnic actuator (270; 470), plastically deforms on account of forces occurring in the event of a crash.

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