Personalized gemstone made of resin with embedded human or animal cells fixed in their structure, and manufacturing process for this gemstone

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for producing personalized gemstones from resin. For personalization, animal or human cells are embedded in these gemstones. The embedded biological material gives the gemstones an individual emotional value. In a first step, human or animal cells are cultivated and harvested in cell cultures to produce the gemstones. In a subsequent step, these cells are chemically fixed in their cellular structure. After fixation, the cells are suspended in resin (e.g., epoxy resin) in a further step. The resulting mixture is then cured in one piece in the desired shape. The gemstones produced in this way can then be supplied to any jewelry manufacturer and further processed using the standard tools of a goldsmith or watchmaker.They can be easily fitted into any piece of jewelry, glued in, and then shaped and polished.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to personalized gemstones with embedded biological materials and a method for producing them.

[0002] Gemstones have always been used to decorate jewelry. They are often imbued with symbolic meaning, for example, as symbols of emotional bonds or to commemorate special events such as weddings or births. The production of synthetic gemstones is also a long-established technique. For example, artificial diamonds have been produced in laboratories since the 1950s. Other techniques for producing synthetic gemstones include the use of glass, plastics, or resins.

[0003] The idea of ​​personalizing gemstones by incorporating biological material from humans (or animals), such as bones, hair, tissue, breast milk, blood, placental or umbilical cord fragments, and ashes of deceased individuals, is known from the prior art. For example, WO 2004 / 105540 A1 discloses the production of a gemstone from carbon derived from the remains of deceased humans or animals. US 2022 / 0361637 A1 describes a process for producing a gemstone from resin, wherein the gemstone consists of several layers of a UV resin, and remains such as ashes, nails, or hair of a deceased organism are incorporated between the first and second resin layers.Similarly, AT 010 470 U1 also discloses a method for producing a synthetic gemstone in which human or animal biological material is embedded between several layers of a transparent, castable plastic material, preferably polymethyl methacrylate.

[0004] CA 2,516,994 A1, on the other hand, discloses a method for incorporating biological remains into a natural or synthetic diamond by creating cavities. The biological material is then placed in these cavities in a mixture of lead monoxide, potassium chloride, and preferably a bromide-containing component such as sodium bromide, where it crystallizes. BR 2020 22 014 786 U2 describes the manufacturing process of an artificial gemstone from a mixture of breast milk and synthetic resin. US 10,517,360 B1 discloses a method in which a piece of jewelry is provided with a hole into which biological remains such as ashes, hair, or personal items are placed, and the opening is subsequently sealed with an adhesive or cement.WO 2015 / 138951 A1 describes a method for personalizing gemstones by mixing biological remains, in particular the genetic material DNA, with a metal powder and then processing them into a precious metal using a cold or hot metallurgical process. In a preferred embodiment, the biological material is enclosed in a polymer capsule.

[0005] CN 2 03 073 172 U, CN 1 02 783 771 A and CN 1 03 782 832 A disclose methods for incorporating cells with a cellular structure into artificial gemstones. In these highly complex manufacturing processes, an artificial gemstone is built up from numerous layers, with cells attached to one layer and cultivated directly there. The cells are then fixed to this layer and sealed with a further protective layer.

[0006] An unresolved problem with most of the aforementioned methods is that the biological material to be introduced is no longer in its original state—before being extracted from the donor—due to alterations (e.g., denaturation or damage) caused during the selected manufacturing processes by high temperatures, high pressure, or other destructive conditions. Consequently, the cells, tissues, and biological materials used are largely degraded by the processing steps, so the resulting gemstone contains no biological material with its original cellular structure preserved. Therefore, it cannot be proven under a microscope that the inclusions are indeed former living cells of the organism from which they were taken.From the perspective of the buyer or owner of the respective gemstone, this diminishes the emotional value conveyed by the biological material. Other methods use materials such as ash or hair, which are not living biological material in the first place.

[0007] Other methods have the problem that they require a layered construction of the gemstone. This is associated with considerable production costs and complex, multi-stage manufacturing processes. Furthermore, it means that the incorporated biological material is contained in only one layer of the gemstone when these gemstones are built up in layers.

[0008] Another problem with the current state of the art is that the biological material is not sufficiently protected from degradation. For example, UV resin, as used in some of the aforementioned methods, has lower chemical resistance and therefore does not completely protect the biological material from decomposition. Most of the methods described so far do not employ any fixation or protective steps (dehydration) for the biological material. This leads to degradation of the biological material over time once it is incorporated into the gemstone.

[0009] To assure a buyer of a gemstone that it contains biological material, it is necessary to make this biological material visible. This serves both as proof of the manufacturer's skill and as a way to establish the special emotional value that the biological material content is intended to generate. However, with most of the methods mentioned above, it is either impossible or only possible with disproportionate effort to make the biological material visible. In some cases, this is because biological materials such as DNA, ash, or breast milk are used, which are either not visible with standard microscopes or are not visually recognizable as biological material to the untrained eye. Other methods mentioned above mean that the biological material (i.e., cells) is only visible in certain areas within the gemstone (i.e.,(in a specific layer of the gemstone) and is sometimes present only in small quantities. The amount of biological material cannot be adequately controlled in most of the described methods. As a result, these cells are difficult to detect and visualize with standard microscopes. In most methods, the cells themselves are not recognizable as such, since their typical cellular shape and structure are not preserved due to destructive production processes (i.e., high temperatures during production / UV light).

[0010] Another technical problem with existing methods for producing personalized gemstones is the lack of flexibility in choosing the shape of these gemstones. This is either because—as mentioned above—the biological material is directly inserted into a pre-made piece of jewelry or a fixed decorative mold. Otherwise, the aforementioned methods involve building up the gemstone in layers, which leads to limitations in creating different shapes.

[0011] Another disadvantage of the methods known so far is that jewelry making and the processing and combination of biological materials are inextricably linked in most of the described manufacturing processes. This means that the biological material must be extracted, processed, and incorporated directly into the piece of jewelry or a predetermined decorative form at the same time. With the methods known so far, the only alternative would involve special conditions that would entail high logistical and financial costs for production. For example, the biological material would have to be transported to the jewelry manufacturer. Assuming the biological material is indeed biologically active (i.e., alive), it must be continuously refrigerated and processed within a specific timeframe (approximately 48 hours) to prevent degradation.Alternatively, the jewelry manufacturer would have to produce the jewelry at the location where the biological material is collected and processed, or a biologist would have to carry out the necessary processing steps of the biological material directly at the jewelry manufacturing site. Both options involve additional travel, coordination, and logistics, resulting in high costs and limitations.

[0012] The object of the present invention is to provide a particularly simple and cost-effective method for producing a personalized gemstone using biological materials—especially intact human or animal cells—and overcoming the aforementioned shortcomings. This object is achieved with a method for producing a gemstone according to claim 1 and with a gemstone according to claim 12. The dependent claims describe preferred embodiments of the invention.

[0013] According to the invention, the method disclosed herein involves first cultivating and harvesting human or animal cells in cell cultures. This makes it possible to cultivate a large number of cells from a small number of cells, such as those obtained from hair follicles, and to make these available for the gemstone manufacturing process. In contrast to the previously mentioned methods, which use either mixtures of different cell types and an undefined number of cells or inanimate biogenic material such as hair, nails, or breast milk, this method allows not only the precise definition of the cell type but also control over the number of cells to be subsequently incorporated into the jewelry.This allows for an increase in the number of cells contained within the gemstone, which in turn, due to the higher cell density, ensures better visibility of the cells trapped within the gemstone under a microscope. This enables the customer to connect the gemstone with the individual from whom the biological material (i.e., the cells) originated, thus fostering a stronger emotional bond. In particular, a higher number of cells obtained through extended cell culture contributes to greater psychological and emotional value, as more of the individual's biological material is contained within the gemstone. Furthermore, after cultivation, the cells can be easily detached from the culture medium enzymatically (e.g., with trypsin) or with other suitable solvents (e.g., ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), making them available as individual cells, unlike tissue fragments used in other methods.However, the described process also makes it possible to introduce any other biological material into the gemstone.

[0014] In a further step, the cells are chemically fixed, then dehydrated, and subsequently suspended in uncured resin. The chemical fixation of the cells with suitable fixatives allows the natural shape and molecular structure of the cells to be preserved in their original state through chemical reactions. This step protects the shape and structure of the cells from potential destructive influences from subsequent production steps or natural degradation through autolysis or other processes. This ensures that the gemstone contains human or animal cells whose structure has been preserved, which can be visualized with standard microscopes at a magnification of 100x or higher, and which optically represent the structure of living cells.The fixation process allows both the individual molecular components to be preserved in their chemical structure and the spherical, spiky, or other cell-typical shape of the cells to be retained in their natural state. This makes these cell shapes recognizable even under a microscope, ensuring that the viewer, even a layperson, can intuitively understand that these are biological cells. Furthermore, the fixation and gentle embedding of the biological material in resin truly represents the loved one, as all of that person's unique characteristics are preserved, giving the object even greater psychological value.

[0015] Subsequent embedding in resin allows for the production of an artificial gemstone permeated with cells. In the next step, the resulting cell / resin mixture is cured in one piece to achieve the desired shape. By selecting a suitable resin, it is possible to produce the pieces in a single piece, unlike the layer-by-layer manufacturing processes mentioned above. This significantly simplifies the manufacturing process, saving time and production costs, and making the process less prone to errors.

[0016] Furthermore, unlike the layered production methods of previously known techniques, casting in one piece allows for the creation of a gemstone in which the previously added cells are evenly distributed throughout its entire volume. This facilitates the identification and visualization of these cells using standard microscopes and simultaneously increases the emotional value of the gemstone, as it contains the cells of the desired individual as a personalization feature throughout its entire volume. One-piece casting can be performed in molds of any shape, allowing for significantly more flexible gemstone design compared to the aforementioned methods, since the process disclosed here is based neither on prefabricated jewelry pieces or ornaments nor on a layered structure of the gemstone.

[0017] In another preferred embodiment, the cells incorporated into the gemstone are derived from mesodermal cells, in particular mesenchymal stem cells, dermal fibroblasts, or dermal papilla cells from hair follicles. Another source of mesodermal cells, but not limited to these, are cells obtained from blood. Additionally, cells of ectodermal origin can be used, obtained, for example, from the epidermal layer of the skin or the inner squamous epithelial cells of the cheek. The advantage of using the aforementioned cell types and sources is that they are easy to obtain, culture, and multiply in the appropriate laboratory environment. This can be achieved, for example, by removing some hair, extracting the cells from the hair follicles, and cultivating them in a suitable cell culture medium.A similar approach would be to scrape the inside of the cheek with a cotton swab or to extract cells from a drop of blood.

[0018] In another preferred embodiment of the described invention, the cell types incorporated into the gemstone are mixed in various ratios, and mixtures of cells from one or more donors (human-human, animal-animal, human-animal) are used. The desired mixture of cell types can be tailored to the customer's wishes and needs. Cells from multiple donors can also be incorporated into a single gemstone in different ratios. This allows for further personalization of the gemstone. Furthermore, the use of different cell types incorporates a greater diversity of the donor's biological material, resulting in greater psychological value for the owner.

[0019] Another preferred embodiment of the invention makes it possible to determine and control the number of cells incorporated into the gemstone during the manufacturing process within certain parameters. The number of cells can thus be tailored to the customer's requirements. This adjustment of the cell count enables the production of gemstones of varying quality levels (e.g., basic / premium) and allows the customer to predetermine the perceived value of the item according to their own preferences. Furthermore, a greater number of cells incorporated into the gemstone facilitates their visualization under a microscope.

[0020] According to a further preferred embodiment, a fixative consisting of a hexamethylenetetramine-based solution is selected after cell harvesting. Preferably, the concentration of hexamethylenetetramine is 1.0 to 2.5 wt.%. According to a still more preferred embodiment, the fixative comprises 1.0 to 3.0, preferably about 2%, of alcohols with about 0.5% methanol. This has been found to promote cell penetration. The advantage of this embodiment is that the use of this fixative ensures the skin compatibility and non-toxicity of the final product without compromising the effectiveness of the chemical fixation process. This is particularly important since the gemstones produced should also be suitable for direct wear on the skin.

[0021] According to a further embodiment of the invention, the cells are dehydrated with an alcohol-based solution in a single process step after chemical fixation. This solution can contain, for example, isopropanol, methanol, or ethanol. In this embodiment, the concentration of the alcohol-based solution is between 50 and 100 percent, preferably between 65 and 75 percent. The treatment time is between 5 and 20 minutes, preferably 15 minutes. This step is preferably carried out at a temperature below 5 °C, preferably at about 4 °C. The purpose of dehydrating the cells is to eliminate degradation processes that would be caused by aqueous components remaining in the cells.At the same time, dehydration prepares the cells for subsequent suspension in synthetic resin, whereby the removal of the aqueous components promotes the uniform and comprehensive penetration of the cells with the synthetic resin, which further enhances the preservation effect.

[0022] In conventional dewatering processes, the dewatering solution is initially added at a diluted concentration. This solution is then removed and replaced with a dewatering solution of a higher concentration. This process is repeated in several steps until the final concentration of the dewatering solution is reached. Treatment with a single dewatering solution in a single step has the advantage of eliminating these intermediate steps, saving time and significantly reducing the complexity of this process.

[0023] According to a specific embodiment of the invention, the cells are suspended in an undiluted resin solution in a single step after dehydration and removal of the alcohol-based solution. In contrast to previously known methods in which the resin solution is added in several steps, with the concentration of the resin solution increasing in each step, this embodiment reduces the complexity of the manufacturing process and production costs, as less resin is used and the production time per unit is shorter.

[0024] According to a particularly preferred embodiment, a two-component epoxy resin is used as the resin, which has a low viscosity and a long working time of up to 6 hours, long curing times of 24 to 96 hours, and processing and curing temperatures, preferably of 20 to 25 °C, with the maximum temperatures remaining below 40 °C. This offers numerous advantages over previous methods: Due to the low viscosity of the starting material, a uniform distribution of the cells in the suspension can be ensured, as good mixing of the liquid phase with the cells can be achieved. This guarantees a uniform and comprehensive distribution of the cells throughout the entire volume of the gemstone and thus the possibility of easily locating and visualizing the cells with commercially available microscopes. Furthermore, the cells can be detached from the cell culture surface beforehand by enzymatic detachment with, for example,Using trypsin or gentle removal with the solvent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to maintain the cell in a spikier conformation, the cells can be seen as individual cells under a microscope. After mixing the cells with the resin, a suspension of individual cells is created, unlike when using tissue samples. The cells are therefore evenly distributed throughout the entire base material (i.e., epoxy resin) of the gemstone. This allows the cells to be microscopically identified throughout the entire gemstone. The cells are intact and contain all cellular components, including cell-specific organelles and a complete set of genetic material (DNA) from the individual from whom the cells were taken, which contributes to the symbolic value of the gemstone.

[0025] The long working times of the epoxy resin enable the production of numerous different gemstones in a single step, as the epoxy resin can be used for several hours after preparation for further processing into gemstones. After the suspension of cells in resin has been prepared, it is poured in one piece into pre-made molds according to claim 1, which enables a simple and error-resistant production process compared to previous methods. The epoxy resin used also allows casting in smaller molds (e.g., cylinders with a diameter of 1 to 5 mm and a length of 5 to 10 mm) because its low viscosity results in reduced capillary action, effectively minimizing the formation of voids in the mold. Unlike UV resins, the preferred resin can also cure in the dark.This allows the gemstones to be placed in a pressure chamber for curing. Curing UV resins in a pressure chamber requires a UV lamp to be placed inside the chamber, which presents various complications, as described below.

[0026] The two-component epoxy resin used in the present process also makes it possible to cast the gemstones in one piece, unlike previous methods that used other materials (i.e., UV resin or multi-material constructions) and required the workpiece to be built up layer by layer. From a process engineering perspective, this offers numerous advantages, such as time savings, simplified manufacturing techniques, uniform distribution of cells or other biological materials throughout the entire workpiece volume, and the ability to produce a greater variety of shapes than with layer-by-layer construction.

[0027] The resin used and the application method employed allow for low working temperatures of preferably 20 to 25 degrees Celsius, but not exceeding 40 degrees Celsius, during processing and curing, provided the resulting gemstones remain within the aforementioned size ranges. This prevents the destruction or denaturation of the biological materials contained within, thus ensuring that the cells in the gemstone are preserved and their cellular structure retains its natural form, visible under a microscope. Once cured, the resin provides protection against UV radiation and various chemicals (e.g., acids from the skin). It is well-suited for wearing as a gemstone in direct contact with the skin.

[0028] According to another preferred embodiment, the cellular resin suspension is poured into desired pre-made molds and then cured in a pressure chamber at an air pressure of 40 to 80 psi, preferably 70 to 75 psi. This process step ensures that any air bubbles trapped in the resin are effectively removed visually, as they are compressed beyond a visible size. When using UV resin, it should be noted that additional UV lamps would need to be installed in the pressure chamber, which would significantly increase the complexity when using many small molds due to uneven / insufficient UV light exposure in such cases. Furthermore, if the gemstone is built up layer by layer, the curing of the workpiece in the pressure chamber would need to be repeated several times, implying complex production steps.Thanks to their high flexibility in terms of usable shapes, gemstones can be produced for use in a wide variety of jewelry and in a multitude of forms. The jewelry maker can create suitable cavities or gemstone settings in the desired jewelry and glue or clamp the gemstones into these cavities.

[0029] Another preferred embodiment provides that the gemstones are fitted and glued into any jewelry pieces, which are then shaped and polished in a subsequent processing step. For this purpose, the gemstone according to the invention can be sent by mail to jewelry manufacturers worldwide without the need for complex cooling processes, since the biological material it contains is chemically fixed and located within the resin, thus ensuring stability over a wide temperature range. With dimensions of approximately 1 to 10 mm in length and approximately 1 to 10 mm in diameter or width and length, and a weight of up to 10 g, the gemstones are suitable for standard mailing.

[0030] According to a further embodiment of the invention, an additional post-processing step is added in which the artificial gemstone is inserted into the cavity (e.g., a drilled hole) of a natural gemstone. The natural gemstone containing the artificial gemstone is then attached to or inserted into a cavity of a piece of jewelry.

[0031] This offers logistical advantages over previous methods. In particular, the production of personalized gemstones can be carried out independently of goldsmiths or jewelry manufacturers. The cells can be cultivated and processed in a central laboratory and incorporated into gemstones of any shape. Several gemstones can be produced from a single cell culture, allowing for the production of multiple personalized jewelry pieces or the storage of backup copies of the personalized gemstones in case of loss. The gemstones can then be further processed by any jewelry manufacturer, fitted into various pieces, glued in place, and ultimately finished. For this purpose, a recess is created in the intended piece of jewelry that corresponds precisely to the dimensions of the gemstone. The gemstone is then glued into this recess.

[0032] The setting and further processing of the gemstones can be carried out using the standard tools of a goldsmith or watchmaker. The logistical difficulties previously arising from the direct incorporation of biological materials into the final piece of jewelry are eliminated by the method described in the present invention. This method enables the production of personalized gemstones, which can then be shipped worldwide via supply chains for further processing. By processing the biological material immediately after cell extraction, special storage technologies such as refrigeration become unnecessary, and logistical difficulties that could arise, for example, from transporting the biological material to a jewelry manufacturer are avoided.

[0033] The present invention also relates to a gemstone comprising a synthetic resin and human or animal cells embedded therein, characterized in that the structural composition of the cells enclosed in the gemstone is preserved to such an extent that it optically represents the structure of living cells. The enclosed cells can have different shapes (e.g., spherical, spiky). They are distributed throughout the entire volume of the gemstone and can be visualized with commercially available microscopes with an optical magnification of 100x or more. The cells are recognizable as biological cells under the microscope.

[0034] In another preferred embodiment, microscopic images are taken during the gemstone manufacturing process to document the cells in the cell culture or the cells contained in the gemstone, and these images can be supplied as an add-on to the piece of jewelry. This serves to make the cells incorporated into the gemstone visible to the viewer and thus further emphasize the emotional value of the gemstone.

[0035] According to another embodiment, the resin used is colored. This can be done with any desired color. Coloring the resin allows for the individual color design of the gemstones to meet different customer preferences and thus enables further personalization of the gemstone. Other decorative materials, such as diamond dust or glitter, can also be incorporated into the resin to alter the color and visual appearance. This allows for further individualization of the gemstone and increases its overall aesthetic value.

[0036] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to illustrations, wherein Fig. a flowchart of the process shows, Fig. fits the gemstone (cylindrical shape as an example) into a piece of jewelry and Fig. a gemstone according to the invention.

[0037] As in Fig. As shown, the first step (1) consists of taking cells from human or animal organisms. The second step (2) shows how the cells are multiplied in cell culture and then harvested.

[0038] In a subsequent step 3, the cells are chemically fixed with a suitable fixing agent and the cell mixture is then dehydrated with an alcohol-based solution.

[0039] In a subsequent step 4, the cells are suspended in a synthetic resin.

[0040] In step 5, the suspension of resin and cells is poured into a mold and allowed to harden. After hardening, the cast stone produced in steps 1-5 is removed from the mold in step 6 and can then be further processed by the goldsmith.

[0041] Fig. This shows the fitting of a gemstone into a piece of jewelry (i.e., a ring). The finished gemstone 7 has a cylindrical shape, as shown here. Other shapes are possible with further modifications. However, a cylindrical shape has an advantage: To fit a gemstone into a piece of jewelry, a cavity 9 is created in the piece – here, a ring is shown. This is done particularly easily with a drill, which creates a cylindrical cavity 9 in the piece of jewelry. The gemstone is glued into this cavity 9. The excess part of the gemstone can then be removed and polished to blend seamlessly with the rest of the jewelry.

[0042] Fig. shows a microscopic image of an exemplary artificial gemstone, in which the individual cells 10, which are fixed in their structure, are visible in their uniform distribution over the entire volume of the gemstone.

Claims

[1] Method for producing personalized gemstones (7) from resin with embedded animal or human cells, characterized by , that in a first step human or animal cells (1) are cultured and harvested in cell cultures (2), these cells are chemically fixed in their cell structure in a subsequent step (3), whereupon the cells fixed in their structure (10) are suspended in synthetic resin in a further step (4) and the mixture thus produced is hardened in one piece in the desired shape (5). [2] Method according to claim 1, wherein the cultured human or animal cells are derived from mesodermal cells, in particular mesenchymal stem cells, dermal fibroblasts or dermal papilla cells from hair follicles, but also from mesodermal cells obtained from blood. [3] Method according to claim 1, wherein the cultured human or animal cells are derived from ectodermal cells. [4] Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the cell types introduced into the gemstone (1) are mixed in different ratios and / or different compositions of cells from one or more donors (human-human, animal-animal, human-animal) are used. [5] Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the cells are chemically fixed after harvesting with a non-toxic fixing agent (3). [6] Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cells are dehydrated (3) with an alcoholic solution in a concentration of 50 to 100 percent in a single process step after chemical fixation to ensure a longer shelf life of the final product and uniform penetration of the cells with the synthetic resin used. [7] Method according to claim 6, wherein, after dehydration and removal of the alcohol-based solution, the cells are suspended in a single step in an undiluted synthetic resin solution (4), which subsequently penetrates the cells and permanently fixes their cell structure. [8] Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the synthetic resin used is a two-component epoxy resin having a processing time of 1 to 10 hours, a curing time of up to 96 hours and curing temperatures below 40 °C. [9] Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the cellular resin suspension is poured into desired pre-made shapes (5) and subsequently cured in a pressure chamber at an air pressure of 40 to 80 psi. [10] Method according to any of the preceding claims comprising a post-treatment step in which the produced gemstone (7) is attached to or fitted into a piece of jewelry (8) and glued into a cavity (9) of the piece of jewelry having the same shape and is polished so that it fits into the piece of jewelry. [11] Method according to any of the preceding claims comprising a post-treatment step in which the produced artificial gemstone (7) is fitted into a cavity of a natural gemstone, wherein the natural gemstone containing the artificial gemstone is then attached to or fitted into a piece of jewelry (8). [12] Gemstone (7) made of a synthetic resin and human or animal cells (10) embedded therein, produced by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by, that the structural composition of the cells enclosed in the gemstone (7) is preserved to such an extent that it optically represents the structure of living cells (10). [13] Gemstone (7) according to claim 12, wherein microscopic images of the embedded cells are taken to document the manufacturing process of the gemstone (7) or to show the cells (10) fixed in their structure in the gemstone (7). [14] Gemstone (7) according to claim 12, wherein the synthetic resin is colored or diamond dust, glitter or other decorative materials are embedded in the synthetic resin.

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