Energy management system

Abstract

Energy management system that includes the following: - an energy supply unit that supplies electrical energy to an electric vehicle; - a reservation information determination unit (106) that determines reservation information before the electric vehicle arrives at the energy supply unit, wherein the reservation information includes at least an estimated connection time at which the electric vehicle will be connected to the energy supply unit and an estimated parallel disconnection time at which the electric vehicle will be disconnected from the energy supply unit in parallel; - a connection and parallel disconnection control unit (103) that controls connection and parallel disconnection information, indicating a connection state and a parallel disconnection state of the electric vehicle with and from the energy supply unit, respectively; - an electric vehicle result control unit (117) that controls the reservation information and the connection and parallel disconnection information; - an electric vehicle trend evaluation unit (110) that generates electric vehicle trend information using a difference between the estimated connection time and the actual connection time specified by the connection and parallel disconnection information, and a difference between the estimated parallel disconnection time and the actual parallel disconnection time specified by the connection and parallel disconnection information; - a charging plan creation unit (107) that predicts electrical energy demand in the energy supply unit and creates a charging plan for the electric vehicle based on the trend information; and - a charging controller (108) that controls the electrical energy supply for the electric vehicle in the energy supply unit on the basis of the charging plan.

Description

Technical area

[0001] The present invention relates to an energy management system for minimizing electrical energy costs and for balancing an electrical energy demand or power demand of a facility with a charging station in connection with the charging of an electric vehicle (hereinafter also referred to as EV). Relevant state of the art

[0002] In the prior art, as described in Patent Document 1, for example, a vehicle charging device has been proposed for suppressing a rapid increase in electric power demand associated with charging a plurality of electric vehicles by calculating a charging start time and a charging end time from a time for charging and a desired end time inputted upon arrival of an electric vehicle at a charging station.

[0003] Furthermore, for example, as described in Patent Document 2, an electric power supply control device has been proposed for controlling the charging of an electric vehicle so as not to exceed an upper limit of supplyable electric power by setting a priority for each vehicle type or a respective objective and setting a power supply amount to the vehicle connected to the charging station.

[0004] In addition, reference is made to patent documents 3 to 11.

[0005] Patent Document 3 discloses a charging station for electric vehicles, wherein the vehicle transmits reservation information to the charging station before the vehicle reaches the charging station.

[0006] Patent Document 4 describes reserving a charging station before the arrival of a vehicle.

[0007] Patent Document 5 and Patent Document 6 disclose a charging device for a plurality of vehicles that are charged based on a plurality of charging requirements.

[0008] Patent Document 7 teaches a power demand estimator including a plurality of electric vehicles and a base station that manages the electric vehicles to estimate a power demand required for operating the vehicles.

[0009] Patent Document 8 describes a vehicle information acquisition unit that includes vehicle information of a plurality of vehicles, wherein an availability prediction unit predicts the availability of a target charging unit.

[0010] Patent Document 9 discloses that a charging facility is searched based on vehicle information of a plurality of vehicles and charging history information about a charging history of a plurality of the vehicles.

[0011] Patent Document 10 describes a charging control device that manages a storage battery of a plurality of vehicles.

[0012] Patent Document 11 discloses a charge / discharge control device for managing a charge / discharge schedule of a rechargeable battery. Prior art documentsPatent documents Patent document 1: JP 2010- 110 044 A Patent document 2: JP 2010- 110 173 A Patent document 3: JP 2011- 83 166 A Patent document 4: JP 2012- 231 559 A Patent document 5: WO 2011 / 118 193 A1 Patent document 6: JP 2013- 118 716 A Patent document 7: DE 10 2011 086 903 A1 Patent document 8: WO 2011 / 158 547 A1 Patent document 9: US 2013 / 0 063 283 A1 Patent document 10: JP 2011- 239 662 A Patent document 11: US 2010 / 0 076 825 A1 Brief description of the inventionProblems to be solved by the invention

[0013] The automotive charging device described in Patent Document 1 involves a problem in that, since information about a new charging reservation is not available until an electric vehicle is connected to a charging station, the estimated connection time of the electric vehicle to the charging station cannot be acquired, and a charging plan cannot be created taking into account the charging process of the electric vehicle to be connected.

[0014] The electric power supply control device described in Patent Document 2 has a problem that a vehicle with a lower priority is not charged when there are many vehicles with a higher priority, and that a remaining amount of battery required in use cannot be secured.

[0015] The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and the object of the present invention is to achieve a balanced electric power demand while ensuring the required remaining battery amount. Means to solve the problems

[0016] The problem underlying the invention is solved by an energy management system having the features of independent patent claim 1 and independent patent claim 8, respectively. Advantageous developments of the energy management system according to the invention are specified in dependent claims 2 to 7 and 9, respectively. Effects of the invention

[0017] In the energy management system according to the present invention, a balanced electric power demand can be achieved while ensuring a required remaining battery amount by providing the following units: an electric power supply unit that supplies electric power to an electric vehicle; a reservation information acquisition unit that acquires reservation information about the electric power consumption in the power supply unit for the electric vehicle before the electric vehicle arrives at the power supply unit; a charging plan creation unit that predicts an electric power demand in the power supply unit and creates a charging plan for the electric vehicle based on the reservation information; and a charging controller that controls the electric power supply for the electric vehicle in the power supply unit based on the charging plan.

[0018] The objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings. Brief description of the drawings

[0019] The drawings show: Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram of an energy management system according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a flowchart for explaining a charging plan creation process by a charging plan creation unit of the energy management system according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 3 is a diagram for explaining the charging plan created using charging instruction information and a connection and parallel disconnection state according to the first embodiment; Fig. 4 is a diagram for explaining the charging plan prepared using the charging instruction information, the connection and parallel disconnection status, and reservation information according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 5 a graphical representation to explain electrical charging energy for the respective time period, which is shown in the charging plan of the Fig. 3 and the Fig. 4 is required according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 6 is a diagram for explaining an estimated connection and parallel disconnection time taking into account an uncertainty in the reservation information in the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 7 is a configuration diagram of the energy management system according to a second embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 8 is a diagram for explaining a histogram showing an electric vehicle tendency provided by an electric vehicle tendency evaluation unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 is a configuration diagram of the energy management system according to a third embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 10 is a configuration diagram of the energy management system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 11 is a configuration diagram of the energy management system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 12 is a configuration diagram of the energy management system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 13 is a diagram for explaining a charging plan with the reservation information without including the estimated parallel separation time in the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 14 is a diagram for explaining a charging plan with the reservation information including the estimated parallel separation time in the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 15 is a diagram for explaining a charging plan prepared taking into account the electric power consumption having a negative value in the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 16 a graphical representation of the electrical energy for the respective time period, as shown in the charging plan of the Fig. 15 is required according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 17 is a configuration diagram of the energy management system according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 18 is a diagram for explaining a correction method of an electric power demand in a charging plan modifying unit in the seventh embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 19 is a configuration diagram of the power management system according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. Description of the embodimentsFirst embodimentConfiguration

[0020] Fig. 1 shows a configuration diagram of an energy management system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The energy management system according to the present invention creates a charging plan and controls the electric power supply to an electric vehicle (EV) of a consumer that has a charging station as an electric power supply unit. The charging plan schedules the time and location for charging, a charging method, and the like.

[0021] In this specification, an electric vehicle (EV) charging station and the like are assumed to be the consumer who owns the charging station or charging station, but the consumer may also be a residential complex, an office building, a factory, a hotel, a train station, a hospital, or the like, which have a plurality of charging stations.

[0022] First, an energy management system 101 is described.

[0023] The energy management system 101 includes: a reservation control unit 102 that controls reservation information from the electric vehicle (EV) and charging instructions to the electric vehicle (EV); a charging instruction acquisition unit 104 that acquires information regarding the charging instructions (charging instruction information) from the reservation control unit 102; a reservation information acquisition unit 106 that acquires reservation information from the reservation control unit 102 before the electric vehicle arrives at the charging station; a connection and parallel disconnection control unit 103 that controls a connection state of the electric vehicle with the charging station and a disconnection state from the charging station (parallel disconnection or OFF state in which power or charging instructions are supplied).power generation equipment or the like are disconnected from an electric power system); a connection and parallel disconnection detection unit 105 that detects information (connection and parallel disconnection information) regarding the connection and parallel disconnection state of the electric vehicle from the connection and parallel disconnection control unit 103; a charging plan creation unit 107 that creates a charging plan depending on a usage purpose for each load based on the connection and parallel disconnection information, the charging instruction information, and the reservation information; and a charging controller 108 that controls the electric power supplied to the electric vehicle via the charging station based on the charging plan.

[0024] However, the reservation control unit 102 and the connection and parallel disconnection control unit 103 may be external functions of the energy management system 101 of the present invention.

[0025] The reservation control unit 102 controls the reservation information input by a user of the electric vehicle before arriving at the charging station, such as the estimated connection time, the estimated parallel disconnection or OFF time, the remaining battery amount at the time of arrival and the required charging amount (minimum charging amount to be ensured), as well as the charging instruction information specified by the user of the electric vehicle for the charging station at the time of arrival at the charging station, such as the charging start time, the desired charging end time and the required charging amount.

[0026] The estimated connection time and the remaining battery level at the time of arrival can be entered directly by the user or can be estimated by a vehicle navigation system installed in the electric vehicle.

[0027] Furthermore, the reservation control unit 102 associates the reservation information and the charging instruction information with the reserved electric vehicle and inputs the reservation information to the reservation information acquisition unit 106 and the charging instruction information to the charging instruction acquisition unit 104, respectively.

[0028] Here, the reserved electric vehicle can be associated with information that is closest in time to the estimated connection time and the like of the reservation information, as well as the charging start time and the like of the charging instruction information, which can be selected by the user from the reservation information. The reservation information controlled in the reservation control unit 102 is then supplied to the reservation information determination unit 106.

[0029] Furthermore, the charging instruction information controlled in the reservation control unit 102 is supplied to the charging instruction determination unit 104. However, the timing for supplying the information may be a regular interval or a timing at which the reservation or charging instruction is made.

[0030] The connection and parallel disconnection control unit 103 controls information regarding the electric vehicle (electric vehicle information) as well as information regarding the connection and parallel disconnection time and the like of the electric vehicle with or from the charging station when the electric vehicle is connected to the charging station or disconnected in parallel from it. The electric vehicle information is information for identifying the

[0031] Electric vehicle, such as an electric vehicle identification code and a user identifier.

[0032] The connection and parallel disconnection determination unit 105 is supplied with the connection and parallel disconnection information controlled in the connection and parallel disconnection control unit 103, that is, the electric vehicle information, the information regarding the connection and parallel disconnection time, and the like. However, the timing for supplying the information may be a regular interval, as well as a timing at which the reservation or the charging instruction is made.

[0033] The charging controller 108 controls the electrical charging energy of the connected electric vehicle based on the charging plan created by the charging plan creation unit 107. Working method

[0034] Fig. 2 shows a flowchart for explaining a process for creating the charging plan by the charging plan creation unit 107. The charging plan creation unit 107 is supplied with the charging instruction information from the charging instruction determination unit 104, the reservation information from the reservation information determination unit 106, and the information regarding the connection and parallel disconnection state determined by the connection and parallel disconnection determination unit 106.

[0035] The charging plan creation unit 107 creates the charging plan for the electric vehicle depending on the consumer's objective (such as minimizing electrical energy costs, balancing electrical energy demand, minimizing charging loss, and an energy consumption reduction requirement from external organizations including energy consumption companies and municipalities).

[0036] First, the reservation information from a time t to a next time t + Δt, the charge instruction information at the time t, and the connection and parallel disconnection information at the time t are received (step ST11, step ST12, step ST13). The sequence of receiving the respective information is not limited to the sequence shown in the flowchart of the Fig. 2 illustrated sequence.

[0037] Next, the time period from the time t to the next time t + Δt is divided into a period Δs equal to or less than the period Δt, and the electric charging energy of the electric vehicle in the period Δs is calculated for preparing the charging plan (step ST14).

[0038] For example, if the charging plan is designed to minimize the charging station's electrical energy costs, the electric vehicle's electrical charging energy (k) from time t + Δs ​​× (i - 1) to time t + Δs ​​× i is defined as P (k, i). The energy consumption P (i) of the charging station associated with the electric vehicle's charging process from time t + Δs ​​× (i - 1) to time t + Δs ​​× i is calculated using equation (1). P (k, i) can be a negative value (electrical discharge). Equation 1 P(i)=∑k=1nP(k,i)

[0039] Where n in equation (1) denotes the number of electric vehicles.

[0040] Then, the charging plan to minimize the electric energy cost is created by solving an optimization problem with a power from time t + Δs ​​× (i - 1) to time t + Δs ​​× i as m (i), an objective function as equation (2), and a restrictive condition as equation (3). Equation 2 min∑i=tt+Δt(m(i)×P(i)) Equation 3 Ck≤Ck0+∑i=tt+ΔtP(k,i)≤CmaxPmin≤P(i)≤PmaxSmin≤P(k,i)≤SmaxCki=Ck(i−1)+P(k,i)Cmin≤Cki≤Cmax

[0041] Here, in equation (3) C k the required charging quantity of the electric vehicle EV (k), C k0 the remaining battery capacity at the time of connection of the electric vehicle (k), and C max a maximum charge quantity of the electric vehicle (k). Furthermore, P min a minimum energy consumption, P max the maximum energy consumption, S mina maximum electrical discharge rate of the electric vehicle, S max a maximum charging speed of the electric vehicle, C ki the remaining battery capacity of the electric vehicle at time t + Δs ​​× i, C k (i - 1) the remaining battery capacity of the electric vehicle at time t + Δs ​​× (i - 1), C min a minimum value of the electrical energy stored in the battery of the electric vehicle, and C max a maximum value of the electrical energy stored in the battery of the electric vehicle. S min a negative value (maximum electrical discharge rate).

[0042] Furthermore, the charging plan for balancing the electrical energy demand is created, for example, by solving the optimization problem with the objective functions according to equation (4). Equation 4 min∑i=tt+Δt(P(k,i)−P(k,i)¯)2P(k,i)¯=∑i=tt+ΔtP(k,i)Δt

[0043] Fig. 3 shows an illustration of an example of the charging plan created using only the charging instruction information and the connection and parallel disconnection information, and Fig. Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a charging plan created using reservation information in addition to charging instruction information and parallel connection and disconnection information. The vertical axis represents the charging energy of each electric vehicle (EV), while the horizontal axis represents time.

[0044] A white triangle represents an electric vehicle connection start time, and a black triangle represents the parallel electric vehicle disconnection time. Furthermore, the electric charging energy in its amount per unit time is plotted in the vertical direction, while the charging time is plotted in the horizontal direction.

[0045] Furthermore, Fig. 5 a graphic representation illustrating the electrical charging energy according to the plan of the Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.

[0046] If only the load instruction information and the connection and parallel disconnection information are used, as shown in Fig. 3, only the charging plan can be created for charging the electric vehicle that is connected at the time of plan creation (e.g. EV1, EV2, whose connection state with the charging station is established at the current time).

[0047] Thus, an electric vehicle that requires short-term charging later (e.g., EV3, EV4, which are short in the horizontal direction and require electric charging energy) cannot be detected, and if the required charging amount of the electric vehicle is to be met within the time period, the electric energy increases rapidly.

[0048] On the other hand, as in Fig. 4, due to the fact that the estimated connection of the electric vehicle can be determined using prior reservation information, a charging plan can be created in which the electrical energy required for charging is balanced, even if there is an electric vehicle that requires a short-term charging later (e.g. EV3, EV4).

[0049] As described above, if previous reservation information, ie the reservation information regarding the vehicle before its arrival at the charging station, is used to create the charging plan (graphical representation shown in Fig. 5 shown in solid line), compared to a case where the loading plan (graphical representation shown in Fig. 5 is shown in dashed line) is created using only the charging instruction information and the connection and parallel disconnection information, the electrical energy required for charging can be better balanced.

[0050] In addition, Fig. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of the loading plan with the reservation information without including the estimated parallel separation time, and Fig. Figure 14 shows a diagram explaining an example of a charging plan with reservation information, including the estimated parallel disconnection time. The electric charging energy and the power of the electric vehicle are plotted along the vertical axis, and time is plotted along the horizontal axis. Fig. 13 and Fig. 14 the performance is set higher in the first half and lower in the second half.

[0051] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 13, if the reservation information does not include the estimated parallel disconnection time, in order to create the charging plan, it is necessary to start charging the electric vehicle EV2 immediately after connecting it, since the estimated parallel disconnection time is only known after connecting the electric vehicle EV2.

[0052] Thus, if there are restrictions on energy consumption, the charging plan already created for the vehicle EV1 ( Fig. 13(a)) in some cases moved upwards ( Fig. 13(b)), and a plan is created to charge the electric vehicle EV1 at a time when the power is higher. Even if it is determined that there is sufficient time for charging after the electric vehicle EV2 is connected and the electric vehicle EV1 can be charged at a time when the power is lower, due to the fact that the charging of the electric vehicle EV1 has already been completed at the stage where the electric vehicle EV2 is connected, a phenomenon occurs in which the vehicle EV1 cannot be charged at a time when the power is lower ( Fig. 13(c)).

[0053] On the other hand, in the Fig. 14, due to the fact that the reservation information includes the estimated parallel separation time, it can be determined at the time of receipt of the reservation information that there is sufficient charging time for the vehicle EV2 and that the vehicle EV2 can be charged after the charging of the vehicle EV1 is completed. Thus, without changing the already created charging plan ( Fig. 14(a)) for the vehicle EV1 the charging plan for the vehicle EV2 is created ( Fig. 14(b)), and both vehicles EV1 and EV2 can be charged at a time when the power is lower ( Fig. 14(c)) is lower.

[0054] Furthermore, Fig. 15 is a diagram explaining an example of the loading plan for a case where P (k, i) or S mincan have a negative value (electrical discharge). The electrical charging energy of the respective electric vehicle is plotted along a vertical axis, and time is plotted along a horizontal axis.

[0055] Furthermore, Fig. 16 a graphical representation to explain the energy consumption in connection with the charging process of the Fig. 15 and the energy consumption associated with the charging process for a case where P (k, i) or S min cannot be a negative value (electrical discharge).

[0056] As in Fig. 15 and Fig. 16, when charging of a plurality of electric vehicles is required at the same time, by supplying electric power by electric discharge from another electric vehicle having a charging margin, a momentary increase in power consumption can be prevented and stable electric power supply can be performed.

[0057] The charging plan created in the example described above is designed for a case where the connection and parallel disconnection of the electric vehicle are performed based on the reservation information. However, the reservation information involves uncertainty, and the connection and parallel disconnection states based on the reservation information and the connection and parallel disconnection states based on the connection and parallel disconnection information do not necessarily match.

[0058] Thus, the charging plan creation unit 107 of the present invention can create a charging plan taking into account the uncertainty factor included in the reservation information.

[0059] As particularly in Fig. As illustrated in Figure 6, the time (allowable estimated connection time and allowable estimated parallel disconnection time) is considered, allowing ± Δu up to the estimated connection time c_t and the estimated parallel disconnection time d_t of each electric vehicle. A charging plan is then created taking the section into account. The individual electric vehicles (EV) are plotted along the vertical axis, and time is plotted along the horizontal axis.

[0060] When creating the charging plan, a charging plan group can be created using a Monte Carlo simulation based on the normal distribution in the section, with the most probable plan from this group being the charging plan. Furthermore, a created plan with the allowable estimated connection duration c_t + Δu and the allowable estimated parallel disconnection time d_t - Δu with the maximum allowable duration as the worst case can be the charging plan.

[0061] The energy management system 101 described above can create a charging plan that better meets the consumer's objectives than a charging plan created without using the reservation information by detecting the future connection and parallel disconnection times of the electric vehicle and taking into account the uncertainty factor such as the reservation information. This can prevent energy consumption at a time when power is higher, and a rapid increase in electric power demand can be prevented even when a plurality of electric vehicles are connected to the charging station simultaneously. Effects

[0062] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the energy management system includes the charging station as an electric power supply unit that supplies electric power to the electric vehicle (EV), the reservation information obtaining unit 106 that obtains reservation information about the electric power consumption of the electric vehicle in the charging station before the electric vehicle arrives at the charging station, the charging plan creating unit 107 that predicts the electric power demand in the charging station and creates the charging plan for the electric vehicle based on the reservation information, and the charging controller 108 that controls the electric power supply to the electric vehicle in the charging station based on the charging plan.

[0063] Since the future electrical energy demand can be predicted with regard to the electric vehicle to be connected, it is possible to achieve a balanced electrical energy demand for charging a large number of electric vehicles with different connection times to the charging station.

[0064] Furthermore, since the future electric power demand can be predicted taking into account the electric vehicle to be connected, such a disadvantage that a remaining battery amount required for an electric vehicle with a lower priority is not ensured can be eliminated because the priority and the like are set primarily to charge a specific electric vehicle.

[0065] Furthermore, the period when the power is higher can be avoided by balancing the electrical energy demand and the electrical energy costs of a charging device can be minimized.

[0066] Furthermore, in the energy management system according to the embodiment of the present invention, since the reservation information includes at least the estimated connection time of the electric vehicle with the charging station as the electric power supply unit and the estimated parallel disconnection time from the charging station, the charging plan can be created taking into account the estimated connection time and the estimated parallel disconnection time of the electric vehicle to be connected.

[0067] Furthermore, since the electric vehicle is charged outside the scope of the charging amount control until the charging amount of the electric vehicle reaches the minimum charging amount to be ensured, by additionally including the minimum charging amount to be ensured in the reservation information, a situation in which an electric vehicle has not been charged when a sudden use of the electric vehicle occurs can be prevented, and the convenience of the electric vehicle user can be improved.

[0068] Furthermore, in the energy management system according to the embodiment of the present invention, since it is possible to designate a negative value as the charging electric power of the electric vehicle and to discharge the electric vehicle with a margin in the charging amount at a time when the electric power demand is high and the supply is scarce and at a time when the power is higher, it is possible to reduce energy consumption and achieve minimization of the electric power cost and to perform the electric power supply more smoothly.

[0069] Furthermore, since a loss due to charging or discharging of the vehicle battery can be suppressed by controlling all the connected electric vehicles with the charging electric power having a positive value or the charging electric power having a negative value, accurate charging of the electric vehicle can be achieved, and further minimization of the electric power cost and balanced electric power supply can be achieved.

[0070] Moreover, in the energy management system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the charging plan creation unit 107 creates a charging plan based on the allowable estimated connection time offset by a predetermined time from the estimated connection time and the allowable estimated parallel disconnection time offset by the predetermined time from the estimated parallel disconnection time, and even if the electric vehicle is connected at a time offset from the estimated connection time and the estimated parallel disconnection time in the reservation information, an effective charging plan can be created. Second embodiment configuration

[0071] Fig. Fig. 7 shows a configuration diagram of an energy management system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Since the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1 be used and Fig. 7 concerns an identical or equivalent configuration, a further description is omitted.

[0072] An energy management system 101a according to the present embodiment includes, in addition to the components described in the first embodiment, an electric vehicle result control unit 109 that controls connection and parallel disconnection information and data accumulated in a reservation control unit 102, and an electric vehicle tendency evaluation unit 110 that evaluates a tendency of an electric vehicle from reservation information and the connection and parallel disconnection information.

[0073] However, the electric vehicle result control unit 109 may also be an external function of the energy management system 101a according to the present invention.

[0074] First, the electric vehicle result control unit 109 will be described. The electric vehicle result control unit 109 controls the data (reservation information and charging instruction information) accumulated in the reservation control unit 102 and the connection and parallel disconnection information controlled in a connection and parallel disconnection control unit 103, and associates and accumulates estimated connection and parallel disconnection times, as well as connection and parallel disconnection times.

[0075] When storing the data, the data is stored in a form including an electric vehicle identification identifier, a user identification identifier, the date and time (day of the week), and the like of the electric vehicle information in the connection and parallel disconnection information.

[0076] Next, the electric vehicle trend evaluation unit 110 will be described. The electric vehicle trend evaluation unit 110 creates trend information (electric vehicle trend information) of the electric vehicle used at the time of creating a charging plan from the data accumulated in the electric vehicle result control unit 109.

[0077] Specifically, the electric vehicle trend evaluation unit 110 calculates a time lag between the estimated connection time and the actual connection time (connection time - estimated connection time) of the electric vehicle, and a time lag between the estimated parallel disconnection time and the actual parallel disconnection time (parallel disconnection time - estimated parallel disconnection time), which are collected in the electric vehicle result control unit 109, to create a histogram representing a frequency between specific time points. Here, the histogram can be created for each electric vehicle, but it can also be created for a specific user, a specific date and time, a specific day of the week, or combinations thereof.

[0078] Furthermore, the electric vehicle tendency evaluation unit 110 outputs the created electric vehicle tendency information to a charging plan creation unit 107. Working method

[0079] Fig. Figure 8 shows an example of the created histogram of the time delay. Fig. 8(a) the histogram of the time delay created for a respective user, and Fig. 8(b) shows a diagram of an example of the histogram created by combining the user and the day of the week.

[0080] Since the tendency of the respective electric vehicle user in Fig. 8(a), a permissible section may be used taking into account the tendency of the respective user and a probability distribution in the section at the time the charging plan is prepared.

[0081] Furthermore, in combination with the consideration of the day of the week, as in Fig. As illustrated in Figure 8(b), not only the tendency of the respective user but also the tendency of the user for the respective day of the week can be recorded.

[0082] The loading plan creation unit 107 then creates the loading plan taking into account the uncertainty using the created histogram. When creating the loading plan, the Monte Carlo simulation based on the probability distribution determined from the histogram can be used to calculate a time difference of the most probable frequency, and a worst case (e.g., in the case of Fig. 8(a) an estimated connection time of + 40 minutes, an estimated parallel separation time of - 30 minutes) can be assumed.

[0083] The energy management system 101a described above can suppress an error in the connection and parallel disconnection time and the actual connection and parallel disconnection time at the time of creating the charging plan by creating the trend information for each electric vehicle based on the accumulated past estimated connection and parallel disconnection time and the actual connection and parallel disconnection time of the electric vehicle, and creating the charging plan using the electric vehicle trend information. Effects

[0084] In addition, the energy management system according to this embodiment of the present invention includes a connection and parallel disconnection detection unit 105 that detects the connection and parallel disconnection information, which detects a connection state and a parallel disconnection state of the electric vehicle with or from a charging station as an electric power supply unit, and the electric vehicle tendency evaluation unit 110 that evaluates the tendency of the electric vehicle using at least one of a difference between the estimated connection time and the actual connection time as indicated by the connection and parallel disconnection information, and a difference between the estimated parallel disconnection time and the actual parallel disconnection time as indicated by the connection and parallel disconnection information.wherein the charging plan creation unit 107 creates the charging plan based on an evaluation result in the electric vehicle tendency evaluation unit 110, so that it is possible to take into account the uncertainty of the reservation information and suppress the error in the connection and parallel disconnection time and the actual connection and parallel disconnection time at the time of creating the charging plan. Third embodiment

[0085] Fig. 9 shows a configuration diagram of an energy management system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Since the same reference numerals are used as in the Fig. 1 and Fig. 7 and Fig. 9 concerns an identical or equivalent configuration, a further description is omitted.

[0086] An energy management system 101b according to the present embodiment includes, in addition to the components described in the second embodiment, a road situation control unit 111 that controls a road situation at a current location of an electric vehicle, and a road situation determination unit 112 that determines information regarding the road situation (road situation information).

[0087] However, the road situation control unit 111 may be an external function of the energy management system 101b of the present invention. Furthermore, the basic operation and the like of an electric vehicle tendency evaluation unit 110a are similar to those of the electric vehicle tendency evaluation unit 110 according to the second embodiment, with only the connections being different.

[0088] First, the road situation control unit 111 will be described. The road information control unit 111 receives reservation information regarding a charging station obtained from a reservation control unit 102, and the road situation control unit 111 controls the road situation, such as a current location of the reserved electric vehicle and a traffic jam on a route from the current location to the charging station, in the form of road situation information.

[0089] Next, the road situation determination unit 112 will be described. The road situation determination unit 112 receives the road situation information of the electric vehicle stored in the road situation control unit 111. The road situation determination unit 112 then outputs the road situation information to the electric vehicle trend evaluation unit 110a.

[0090] The electric vehicle tendency evaluation unit 110a obtains the road situation information of the reserved electric vehicle from the road situation determination unit 112, predicts the connection time of the electric vehicle, and corrects the estimated connection time determined by a reservation information determination unit 106.

[0091] Specifically, when a traffic jam occurs on the way to the charging station, the electric vehicle tendency evaluation unit 110a performs the correction on the assumption that there is a tendency to delay the estimated connection time by a predetermined time.

[0092] However, since the connection time prediction uses a similar method to a prediction method for an estimated arrival time of an existing vehicle navigation system, the electric vehicle tendency evaluation unit 110a can receive the estimated connection time of the electric vehicle directly from the vehicle navigation system mounted in the electric vehicle.

[0093] The charging plan creation unit 107 then creates the charging plan based on the electric vehicle trend information created in the electric vehicle trend evaluation unit 110a.

[0094] The energy management system 101b described above can suppress an error in the estimated connection time and the actual connection time at the time of creating the charging plan by taking into account the road situation in addition to the trend information of the respective electric vehicle based on the accumulated past estimated connection and parallel disconnection time and the actual connection and parallel disconnection time of the electric vehicle. Thus, when a traffic jam occurs due to an accident or weather change, it is possible to create a charging plan with higher accuracy than a charging plan created using past electric vehicle result values ​​or the like. Effects

[0095] In this embodiment of the present invention, the energy management system additionally includes the road situation determination unit 112 that determines the road situation information indicating the road situation around the current location of the electric vehicle, and the charging plan creation unit 107 creates the charging plan based on the road situation information, so that a charging plan with higher accuracy can be created even when a traffic jam occurs due to an accident or a weather change. Fourth embodiment

[0096] Fig. 10 shows a configuration diagram of an energy management system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Since the same reference numerals are used as in Fig. 1 and Fig. 10 concerns an identical or equivalent configuration, a further description is omitted.

[0097] An energy management system 101c according to this embodiment of the present invention has, in addition to the components described in the first embodiment, a charging characteristic control unit 113 that controls a charging characteristic of each electric vehicle, and a charging characteristic determination unit 114 that determines information (charging characteristic information) regarding the charging characteristic of a battery of each electric vehicle from the charging characteristic control unit 113.

[0098] However, the charging characteristic control unit 113 may also be an external function of the energy management system 101c of the present invention.

[0099] First, the charging characteristic control unit 113 will be described. The battery capacity of an electric vehicle decreases with increasing repetition of charging. Furthermore, the charging efficiency (loss) of the battery differs depending on the electric power supplied from a charging station. For this reason, the charging characteristic control unit 113 controls the battery capacity (chargeable capacity) of the battery of each electric vehicle, as well as the charging characteristics, such as the charging efficiency, as charging characteristic information. The charging characteristic information is acquired from each electric vehicle.

[0100] Next, the charging characteristic determination unit 114 will be described. The charging characteristic determination unit 114 determines the charging characteristic information accumulated in the charging characteristic control unit 113 regarding the battery of the respective electric vehicle. Next, the charging plan creation unit 107a creates the charging plan that takes into account the charging characteristic of the battery of the electric vehicle determined by the charging characteristic determination unit 114, in addition to the reservation information, the charging instruction information, and the parallel connection and disconnection information in the first embodiment.

[0101] In particular, when creating the charging plan in which the electrical energy costs are minimized taking into account the charging efficiency, the charging plan is created in such a way that the charging loss of the respective electric vehicle with respect to the electrical energy supplied by the charging station is specified as l (k, i), by changing equation (1) of the first embodiment to equation (5) and solving an optimization problem. Equation 5 P(k)=∑i=1n(P(k,i)+l(k,i))

[0102] The energy management system 101c described above can create a charging plan in which the loss associated with the charging of the electric vehicle is suppressed by creating the charging plan using the battery charging characteristics of the electric vehicle. Effects

[0103] According to this embodiment of the present invention, the energy management system additionally includes the charging characteristic determination unit 114, which determines the chargeable capacity of the electric vehicle and the charging characteristic information regarding the charging efficiency of the electric vehicle, and the charging plan creation unit 107 creates the charging plan based on the charging characteristic information. Thus, it is possible to suppress energy consumption due to battery charge loss and create the charging plan more appropriate for the electric vehicle. Fifth embodiment

[0104] Fig. 11 shows a configuration diagram of an energy management system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Since the same reference numerals are used as in the Fig. 1 and Fig. 7 and Fig. 11 concerns an identical or equivalent configuration, a further description is omitted.

[0105] An energy management system 101d according to the present embodiment has, in addition to the components described in the second embodiment, an electrical energy measuring unit 115 that measures the energy consumption of a consumer's equipment, and an electrical energy demand prediction unit 116 that predicts an electrical energy demand.

[0106] However, the energy measurement unit 115 and the energy demand prediction unit 116 may also be external functions of the energy management system 101d of the present embodiment. Furthermore, the basic operation and the like of a charging plan creation unit 107b are similar to those of the charging plan creation unit 107 in the second embodiment, with only the connections being different.

[0107] First, the electrical energy measurement unit 115 is described. The energy measurement unit 115 measures the energy consumption of an entire system with a charging station within a time period Δt and stores the data.

[0108] Next, the electrical energy demand prediction unit 116 will be described. The energy demand prediction unit 116 predicts the future electrical energy demand based on the past energy consumption of the facility stored in the energy measurement unit 115.

[0109] Specifically, a histogram of energy consumption during a period Δs of x hours prior to the current time t is created. Subsequently, a similarity is calculated with a histogram of energy consumption up to the past identical time in the facility, and the data with a similarity equal to or greater than a threshold th are identified. The electrical energy demand from the current time t to the next time t + Δt is predicted for each period Δs from the identified data.

[0110] The calculation of similarity can be a sum of squares of the residuals or a correlation coefficient. Furthermore, the predicted value of electrical energy demand can be based on data with the highest similarity, or an average of data with a certain or greater similarity can be used.

[0111] In addition to the electric vehicle tendency information created in an electric vehicle tendency evaluation unit 110, the charging plan creation unit 107b then creates the charging plan that takes into account the electric energy demand of the facility predicted in the energy demand prediction unit 116 until the next time t + Δt.

[0112] In particular, when creating a charging plan in which the electrical energy costs are minimized taking into account the electrical energy demand of the system, the charging plan is created by specifying the predicted electrical energy demand for the respective time period Δs with F (i), by changing equation (2) to equation (6) and solving an optimization problem. Equation 6 min∑i=tt+Δt{m(i)×(P(i)+F(i))}

[0113] The energy management system 101d described above can design the charging plan taking into account the electrical energy demand of the entire facility including the charging station by predicting the electrical energy demand of the facility. This enables minimizing electrical energy costs and balancing the electrical energy demand of the entire facility including the charging station. Effects

[0114] In the energy management system according to this embodiment of the present invention, the charging plan creation unit 107 predicts the electric power demand of the entire facility including the charging station as the electric power supply unit and creates the charging plan, so that it is possible to design the charging plan taking into account the electric power demand of the entire facility including the charging station. Sixth embodiment

[0115] Fig. Fig. 12 shows a configuration diagram of an energy management system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. Since the same reference numerals as in the Fig. 1, Fig. 7 and Fig. 11 are used and Fig. 12 concerns an identical or equivalent configuration, a further description is omitted.

[0116] An energy management system 101e according to the present embodiment of the invention has, in addition to the components described in the fifth embodiment, a result control unit 117 that displays a current situation to an operator of the energy management system 101e. Furthermore, the basic operation and the like of a charging controller 108a are similar to those of the charging controller 108 of the fifth embodiment, with only the connections being different.

[0117] First, the result control unit 117 will be described. The result control unit 117 acquires data stored in a connection and parallel disconnection acquisition unit 105, a reservation information acquisition unit 106, and an energy measurement unit 115, and controls the data so that the operator of the energy management system 101e can check the past energy consumption, the connection and parallel disconnection time of an electric vehicle, reservation information, and the like.

[0118] Based on information verified by the result control unit 117, the operator may further issue a cooperation request for a reservation change to a user of the electric vehicle for which a reservation is made by a reservation control unit 102, so as to advance or delay the connection time and the parallel disconnection time.

[0119] The request for cooperation can be made directly by the operator to the user of the electric vehicle, or a system can be used in which the operator configures the extent to which the request is to be followed and in which the request for cooperation is made automatically to the user of the electric vehicle.

[0120] However, if the user does not benefit from accepting the request for cooperation, it is assumed that the user has rejected the request. Therefore, a user who accepts the request receives a reward point. The reward point can be a reward point, such as an eco-point, but it does not necessarily have to be money or a monetary equivalent.

[0121] Next, the charging controller 108a is described. The charging controller 108a allows the operator to directly execute the charging control depending on the situation, in addition to executing the charging control of the electric vehicle based on a charging plan created in a charging plan creation unit 107.

[0122] The energy management system 101e described above can adjust the energy consumption because the operator can directly perform the charging control or issue a request for a reservation change to the user of the electric vehicle, even if the created charging plan deviates from the actual situation.

[0123] Even if the difference between the energy consumption according to the created charging plan and the actual energy consumption increases, it is possible to adjust the energy consumption, minimize the electrical energy costs, balance the electrical energy demand and respond flexibly to the requested reduction in energy consumption. Effects

[0124] According to the present embodiment of the invention, the energy management system additionally has the result control unit 117, which controls at least the reservation information, the connection and parallel disconnection information, and the electrical power demand of an entire system, and since the charging plan creation unit 107 changes the charging plan depending on the request from the result control unit 117 and enables adjustment of the energy consumption, a charging plan can be created with which a minimization of the electrical power cost and a smooth execution of the electrical power demand can be achieved.

[0125] Since adjustment of the energy consumption becomes possible by the result control unit 117, which executes the charging control and issues a request for a reservation change to the user of the electric vehicle, not only minimization of the electric energy cost and balancing of the electric energy demand but also flexible response to the energy consumption reduction request from a municipal institution can be achieved. Seventh embodiment

[0126] Fig. Fig. 17 shows a configuration diagram of an energy management system according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. Since the same reference numerals as in the Fig. 1, Fig. 7, and Fig. 11 and Fig. 17 represents an identical or equivalent configuration, a further description is omitted.

[0127] An energy management system 101f according to the present embodiment has, in addition to the components described in the fifth embodiment, a charging plan modification unit 118 that modifies a charging plan created based on the energy consumption of an entire facility determined by an electric energy measuring unit 115 and a predicted value of an electric energy demand determined by an energy demand prediction unit 116.

[0128] The charging plan modification unit 118 will now be described. The charging plan modification unit 118 modifies the charging plan by comparing a result value of the energy consumption of the entire system with the predicted value of the electrical energy demand during a period Δs (from time t + Δs ​​× (i - 1) to time t + Δs ​​× i).

[0129] Fig. Figure 18 shows an example of a correction of the predicted value of electrical energy demand based on energy consumption. The energy consumption of the entire system is plotted along a vertical axis, and time is plotted along the horizontal axis.

[0130] First, the time period Δs is further divided into a time period Δs' (time period Δs > time period Δs'), and the resulting value of energy consumption for each time period Δs' is determined by the electric energy measuring unit 115.

[0131] Next, an error of the resulting value is calculated with the predicted value of the electrical energy demand distributed over the time period Δs'. The calculated error is then assigned to the predicted value of the electrical energy demand of the remaining time to correct the predicted value. However, a method for assigning the predicted value may be equivalent to an assignment based on the remaining time ( Fig. 18), or the allocation may be such that the allocated size decreases over time.

[0132] Finally, the charging plan for the electric vehicle is modified based on the predicted value of the corrected electrical energy demand.

[0133] According to the energy management system 101f described above, even if the predicted value of the electric power demand is different from the resulting value of the energy consumption, minimization of the electric power cost of the entire system and balanced electric power demand can be achieved accurately because the energy consumption during the time period Δs can be adjusted by calculating the error from the resulting value in fine periods and modifying the charging plan. Effects

[0134] According to the present embodiment of the invention, the energy management system further includes the charging plan modification unit 118 that modifies the charging plan created from the energy consumption of the entire facility determined by the electric energy measurement unit 115 and the predicted value of the electric energy demand determined by the energy demand prediction unit 116. Since the charging plan modification unit 118 can adjust the energy consumption by correcting the predicted value based on a difference between the predicted value of the electric energy demand and the actual energy consumption and modifying the charging plan, minimization of the electric energy cost of the entire facility and accurate balancing of the electric energy demand can be achieved. Eighth embodiment

[0135] Fig. Fig. 19 shows a configuration diagram of an energy management system according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. Since the same reference numerals as in the Fig. 1, Fig. 7, Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 are used and Fig. 19 concerns an identical or equivalent configuration, a further description is omitted.

[0136] An energy management system 101g according to the present invention, in addition to the components described in the fifth embodiment, has a priority input unit 119 for inputting whether priority is given to charging an electric vehicle or to reducing (balancing and peak clipping) the energy consumption of an entire system when a charging plan creation unit 107c creates a charging plan. However, the priority input unit 119 may also be an external function of the energy management system 101g of the present invention.

[0137] The priority input unit 119 will now be described. The priority input unit 119 has an input screen for specifying a priority by an operator, and it allows the operator to specify whether the charging plan creation should be prioritized toward charging the electric vehicle or whether the charging plan creation should be prioritized toward reducing (balancing and peak clipping) the energy consumption of the entire system.

[0138] The priority input unit 119 then transmits the information regarding the priority specified by the operator to the loading plan creation unit 107c. A priority setting method may be an identical priority setting over the entire time, or a setting for each individual time period Δs is possible.

[0139] Furthermore, the charging plan creation unit 107c creates the charging plan for the electric vehicle based on the specified priority.

[0140] Since in the energy management system 101g according to the embodiment, the priority can be specified at the time of charging plan creation, the creation of the charging plan in accordance with an energy consumption reduction request and the creation of the charging plan in a manner that allows the required charging amount to be reliably achieved until the time of parallel disconnection of the electric vehicle become possible, and charging control can be achieved depending on an objective of the respective system. Effects

[0141] According to the present embodiment of the invention, the energy management system further includes the priority input unit for inputting whether priority is given to charging the electric vehicle or priority is given to reducing (balancing and peak cutting) the energy consumption of the entire facility when creating the charging plan, wherein the charging plan creating unit 107c creates the charging plan for the electric vehicle based on the priority, so that it becomes possible to create the charging plan depending on the energy consumption reduction request and create the charging plan in such a manner that the required charging amount can be surely achieved until the time of parallel disconnection of the electric vehicle, and further, it is possible to achieve charging control depending on a target for each facility.

[0142] It should be noted that in the present invention, a free combination of the respective embodiments or a modification of any components of the respective embodiments or an omission of any components in the respective embodiments are possible within the scope of the invention.

[0143] While the present invention has been described in detail, the foregoing description is intended in all aspects to be illustrative only and is not intended to limit the present invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that numerous variations not shown may be envisaged without departing from the scope of the present invention. List of reference symbols 101 Energy Management System 101a Energy Management System 101b Energy management system 101c Energy Management System 101d Energy management system 101e Energy Management System 101f Energy Management System 101g energy management system 102 Reservation control unit 103 Connection and parallel separation control unit 104 Loading instruction determination unit 105 Connection and parallel separation detection unit 106 Reservation information determination unit 107 Loading plan creation unit, 107a Loading plan creation unit 107b loading plan creation unit 107c loading plan creation unit 108 Charging control 108a Charging control 109 Electric vehicle result control unit 110, Electric Vehicle Trend Evaluation Unit 110a Electric Vehicle Trend Evaluation Unit 111 Road situation control unit 112 Road Situation Investigation Unit 113 Charging characteristic control unit 114 Charging characteristic determination unit 115 Energy measurement unit 116 Energy Demand Forecast Unit 117 Result control unit 118 Loading plan modification unit 119 Priority input unit

Claims

[1] Energy management system comprising: - an energy supply unit that supplies electrical energy to an electric vehicle; - a reservation information determining unit (106) that determines reservation information before the electric vehicle arrives at the power supply unit, wherein the reservation information includes at least an estimated connection time at which the electric vehicle is connected to the power supply unit and an estimated parallel disconnection time at which the electric vehicle is parallel disconnected from the power supply unit; - a connection and parallel disconnection control unit (103) that controls connection and parallel disconnection information indicating a connection state and a parallel disconnection state of the electric vehicle with and from the power supply unit; - an electric vehicle result control unit (117) that controls the reservation information and the connection and parallel disconnection information; - an electric vehicle tendency evaluation unit (110) that creates tendency information of the electric vehicle using a difference between the estimated connection time and the actual connection time indicated by the connection and parallel disconnection information, and a difference between the estimated parallel disconnection time and the actual parallel disconnection time indicated by the connection and parallel disconnection information; - a charging plan creation unit (107) that predicts an electric power demand in the power supply unit and creates a charging plan for the electric vehicle based on the trend information; and - a charging controller (108) that controls the electrical energy supply for the electric vehicle in the energy supply unit based on the charging plan. [2] The energy management system according to claim 1, wherein the electric vehicle result control unit (117) controls the reservation information and the connection and parallel disconnection information in association with an identification ID of the electric vehicle or a user ID of the electric vehicle. [3] The energy management system according to claim 2, wherein the tendency information is probability distribution information of each identification tag of the electric vehicle based on the time difference. [4] The energy management system according to claim 2, wherein the tendency information is probability distribution information of each user ID of the electric vehicle based on the time difference. [5] The energy management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the trend information is classified at least into respective days of the week of a week or a period of time. [6] Energy management system according to one of claims 1 to 5, the reservation information further includes a minimum charging quantity of the electric vehicle to be ensured, and wherein the charging plan creation unit (107) creates the charging plan such that the electric vehicle is charged as being outside a control scope until a charging amount of the electric vehicle reaches the minimum charging amount to be ensured. [7] Energy management system according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the charging plan creation unit (107) creates the charging plan in such a way, that all of the electric vehicles connected to the energy supply unit are controlled to one of a positive electrical charging energy and a negative electrical charging energy. [8] Energy management system comprising: - an energy supply unit that supplies electrical energy to an electric vehicle; - a reservation information determining unit (106) that determines reservation information before the electric vehicle arrives at the power supply unit, wherein the reservation information includes at least an estimated connection time at which the electric vehicle is connected to the power supply unit and an estimated parallel disconnection time at which the electric vehicle is parallel disconnected from the power supply unit; - a charging plan creation unit (107) that predicts an electric energy demand in the energy supply unit and creates a charging plan for the electric vehicle based on a permissible estimated connection time and a permissible estimated parallel disconnection time, wherein the permissible estimated connection time is offset from the estimated connection time by equal to or less than the permissible time, and the permissible estimated parallel disconnection time is offset from the estimated parallel disconnection time by equal to or less than the permissible time; and - a charging controller (108) that controls the electrical energy supply for the electric vehicle in the energy supply unit based on the charging plan. [9] The energy management system according to claim 8, wherein the allowable estimated connection time is a time estimated by a vehicle navigation system of the electric vehicle.

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