Cutting insert, cutting tool and method for producing a machine-made product

Abstract

A cutting insert (1) comprising: a basic body (3), comprising a first area (9), a second surface (11) which is arranged on one of the sides opposite the first surface (9), a first side surface (13) which is connected to the first surface (9) and the second surface (11), a second side surface (15) connected to the first surface (9), the second surface (11) and the first side surface (13), a first recess (17) which leads into the first surface (9), the first side surface (13) and the second side surface (15), and a second recess (19) which leads into the second surface (11), the first side surface (13) and the second side surface (15), a first part (5) with a triangular plate shape, which is arranged in the first recess (17) and has a first cutting edge (21) which is arranged at an intersection of two adjacent surfaces, and a second part (7) with a triangular plate shape, which is arranged in the second recess (19) and has a second cutting edge (23) which is arranged at an intersection of two adjacent surfaces, wherein the first recess (17) has a first floor surface (25) which is arranged away from the first surface (9), a first wall surface (27) which is arranged between the first floor surface (25) and the first surface (9), and a first valley line (29) which is located at an intersection of the first floor surface (25) and the first wall surface (27), the second recess (19) a second floor surface (31) which is arranged away from the second surface (11), a second wall surface (33) which is arranged between the second floor surface (31) and the second surface (11), and a second valley line (35) which is located at an intersection of the second floor surface (31) and the second wall surface (33), and where the first valley line (29) intersects the second valley line (35) in a perspective view onto the first surface (9).

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

[0001] The present embodiments generally relate to cutting inserts for use in a cutting process. In particular, the present embodiments relate to cutting inserts that have a part formed from a hard material, such as cubic boron nitride (cBN) and polycrystalline diamond (PCD). BACKGROUND

[0002] For example, a cutting insert described in JP 2006 187 813 A is known as a cutting tool for use in a cutting operation on a workpiece, such as metal. Patent document 1 describes the cutting insert, which has a main body with recesses arranged on both its front and rear sides, and a plurality of composite bodies, each of which is soldered to the recesses of the main body. The cutting insert described in patent document 1 has excellent economic efficiency because it has the plurality of composite bodies.

[0003] Furthermore, from US 2002 / 0131832A1, a cutting insert is known, comprising: a base body, comprising a first surface, a second surface arranged on a side opposite the first surface, a first side surface connected to the first surface and the second surface, a second side surface connected to the first surface, the second surface and the first side surface, a recess opening into the first surface, the first side surface and the second side surface, a cutting part arranged in the first recess and having a cutting edge arranged at an intersection of two adjacent surfaces, wherein the recess has a bottom surface arranged away from the first surface, a wall surface arranged between the first bottom surface and the first surface, and a valley line arranged at an intersection of the bottom surface and the wall surface.

[0004] It is an object of the present invention to increase the service life of a cutting insert during a cutting process. BRIEF EXPLANATION

[0005] The problem is solved by a cutting insert with the features of claim 1. The problem is further solved by a cutting tool with the features of claim 8 and by a method for producing a machined product with the features of claim 9. Further embodiments of the cutting insert are described in the dependent claims. Effects of the invention

[0006] The cutting insert in the above embodiment has improved durability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a cutting insert in one of non-restrictive embodiments, Fig. 2 is a front view of a first surface of the in Fig. 1 shown cutting insert, Fig. 3 is a side view of the in Fig. 2. Cutting insert shown, viewed from an A1 direction, Fig. 4 is a side view of the in Fig. 2. Cutting insert shown, viewed from an A2 direction, Fig. 5 is a side view of the in Fig. 2. Cutting insert shown, viewed from an A3 direction, Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view along line B1-B1 in which in Fig. 5 shown cutting insert, Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view along line B2-B2 in which in Fig. 5 shown cutting insert, Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view along line B3-B3 in which in Fig. 5 shown cutting insert, Fig. Figure 9 is a perspective view showing a cutting insert in one of non-restrictive embodiments, Fig. Figure 10 is a front view of a first surface of the cutting insert, which is located in Fig. 9 is shown, Fig. 11 is a side view of the in Fig. 10 shown cutting insert viewed from an A4 direction, Fig. 12 is a side view of the in Fig. 10 shown cutting insert viewed from an A5 direction, Fig. Figure 13 is a perspective view showing a cutting insert in one of non-restrictive embodiments, Fig. Figure 14 is a front view of a first surface of the cutting insert, which is located in Fig. 13 is shown, Fig. 15 is a side view of the in Fig. 14 shown cutting insert viewed from an A7 direction, Fig. 16 is a side view of the in Fig. 15 shown cutting insert viewed from an A8 direction, Fig. 17 is a side view of the in Fig. 15 shown cutting insert viewed from an A9 direction, Fig. Figure 18 is a perspective view showing a cutting tool in one of the embodiments, Fig. 19 is a side view of the in Fig. 18 cutting tools shown, Fig. 20 is a front view of the in Fig. 19 shown cutting tool viewed from an A10 direction, Fig. Figure 21 is a schematic representation showing one of the steps in a process for manufacturing a machined product in one of the embodiments, Fig. Figure 22 is a schematic representation showing one of the steps of the method for producing a machined product in the embodiment, and Fig. Figure 23 is a schematic representation showing one of the steps of the process for manufacturing a machined product in the embodiment. EXECUTION FORMS

[0007] In cases where the recesses are formed on both the front and rear sides of the main body, as in the cutting insert described in Patent Document 1, the area surrounded by these recesses in the main body becomes thin. Specifically, a valley line portion in the recess located on the front side and a valley line portion in the recess located on the rear side are arranged such that they overlap in a perspective view of the cutting insert described in Patent Document 1.

[0008] During the cutting process of a workpiece, a high load is exerted on the parts of the valley line located at the boundary between a seat surface and a wall surface in the recess. Cracks can occur between the two valley line parts because they are arranged to overlap in perspective, as described above in the cutting insert in patent document 1.

[0009] Cutting inserts 1 (hereinafter also simply referred to as "inserts 1") in various embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the drawings. For the sake of clarity, the drawings shown below are simplified representations of only the main components necessary to describe the embodiments. The inserts 1 are therefore capable of incorporating any component not shown in the aforementioned drawings. The dimensions of the components in each of the drawings do not accurately represent the dimensions of the actual components or their dimensional relationships. <Schneideinsätze>

[0010] The insert 1 in one of the embodiments can have a base body 3, a first part 5, and a second part 7. The base body 3 can have a first surface 9, a second surface 11, a first side surface 13, a second side surface 15, a first recess 17, and a second recess 19. The base body 3 can have an approximately polygonal plate shape. For example, in one of the embodiments in Fig. In the embodiments shown in 1, the base body 3 has a square plate shape.

[0011] The first surface 9 can have a polygonal shape, as in Fig. Figure 1 shows that the first surface 9 can have a rectangular shape when viewed from the front, as shown in Figure 1. Fig. 2 shown. In this case, at least one of the four corners of the first surface 9 can have a cut-out shape.

[0012] One of the two cut-out sides, extended towards the corner, can be called the first side 9a and the other the second side 9b. That is, the corner of the first surface 9, which is located between the first side 9a and the second side 9b, can have a cut-out configuration as shown in Fig. 2 shown. The first recess 17 can be arranged in an area that includes the cut-out corner.

[0013] The second surface 11 is a surface that is arranged opposite to the first surface 9 on one side and can have a polygonal shape. The second surface 11 can also have a quadrilateral shape. Similar to the first surface 9, at least one of the four corners of the second surface 11 can have a cut-out shape.

[0014] One of the two sides extended towards the cut-out corner can be designated as the third side 11a and the other as the fourth side 11b. That is, the corner of the second surface 11, which is located between the third side 11a and the fourth side 11b, can have a cut-out configuration. The second cut-out 19 can be located in an area that encloses the cut-out corner.

[0015] As used here, the polygonal shape is not restricted to a strict polygonal form. For example, at least one of the four corners of the first face 9, with the exception of the cut-out corner, can have such a shape that, in a front view of the first face 9, is rounded and projects slightly outwards.

[0016] The shapes of the four sides are not limited to strictly rectilinear shapes in a front view of the first surface 9. For example, the four sides in the front view of the first surface 9 can have a slightly outward-protruding shape or a slightly recessed shape.

[0017] The second surface 11 can be parallel or inclined to the first surface 9. In the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figures 3 to 5, the second surface 11 is parallel to the first surface 9. The first side surface 13 and the second side surface 15 can be arranged as one side surface between the first surface 9 and the second surface 11. The first side surface 13 and the second side surface 15 can each be connected to the first surface 9 and the second surface 11, respectively.

[0018] The first face 13 and the second face 15 can be arranged side by side and connected to each other. The first face 13 can be connected to the first side 9a of the first face 9 and the fourth side 11b of the second face 11, as shown in Fig. 5 shown. The second side surface 15 can be connected to the second side 9b of the first surface 9 and the third side 11a of the second surface 11, as shown in Fig. 5 shown.

[0019] The first recess 17 can be arranged across the first surface 9, the first side surface 13 and the second side surface 15, as shown in Fig. Figure 5 shows that the first recess 17 can open into any of the first surface 9, the first side surface 13, and the second side surface 15. The second recess 19 can be arranged over the second surface 11, the first side surface 13, and the second side surface 15. The second recess 19 can open into any of the second surface 11, the first side surface 13, and the second side surface 15. The first recess 17 and the second recess 19 are arranged such that they overlap in the perspective view shown in this disclosure.

[0020] The first part 5 can be arranged in the first recess 17. The first part 5 can have a triangular plate shape, as shown in Fig. 1 shown. The first part 5 has in a top view of the first surface 9 of the base body 3 in the Fig. 2. The embodiment shown has a triangular shape.

[0021] The first part 5 can have a first cutting edge 21, which is arranged at an interface of two adjacent surfaces. In particular, the first cutting edge 21 can be arranged over the entire intersection area of ​​the two adjacent surfaces or alternatively only a part of the intersection area.

[0022] If one of the corners of the first part 5, which has a triangular shape in plan view, is designated as the first corner 5a, the first corner 5a can be positioned to correspond to the cut-out corner of the first surface 9 in the base body 3. One of two sides extending from the first corner 5a can be positioned along the first side 9a of the first surface 9 in the base body 3.

[0023] The other of the two sides extending from the first corner 5a can be arranged along the second side 9b of the first surface 9 in the base body 3. The first cutting edge 21 can be located in the Fig. 1. In the embodiment shown, the components are arranged over the first corner 5a and two sides extending from the first corner 5a.

[0024] The second part 7 can be arranged in the second recess 19. Similar to the first part 5, the second part 7 can have a triangular shape, as shown in Fig. 1 shown. The second part 7 can have a triangular shape in a top view of the second surface 11 of the base body 3.

[0025] The second part 7 can have a second cutting edge 23, which is arranged at an interface of two adjacent surfaces. In particular, the second cutting edge 23 can be arranged over the entire intersection area of ​​the two adjacent surfaces or alternatively only over a part of the intersection area.

[0026] If one of the corners of the second part 7, which has a triangular shape in plan view, is designated as the second corner 7a, the second corner 7a can be arranged to correspond to the cut-out corner of the second surface 11 in the base body 3. One of two sides extending from the second corner 7a can be arranged along the third side 11a of the second surface 11 in the base body 3.

[0027] The other of the two sides, extending from the second corner 7a, can be arranged along the fourth side 11b of the second surface 11 in the base body 3. The second cutting edge 23 can be located in the Fig. 1. In the embodiment shown, the components are arranged over the second corner 7a and two sides extending from the second corner 7a.

[0028] The first corner 5a of the first part 5 can be arranged such that, in a perspective view of the first surface 9, it overlaps or does not overlap with the second corner 7a of the second part 7. The first corner 5a of the first part 5 is arranged such that in the Fig. In the embodiment shown in section 2, it overlaps or does not overlap with the second corner 7a of the second part 7.

[0029] The first recess 17 of the base body 3 can have a first floor surface 25, a first wall surface 27, and a first valley line 29. The first floor surface 25 can be located away from the first surface 9. The first wall surface 27 can be located between the first floor surface 25 and the first surface 9. The first valley line 29 can be located at an intersection of the first floor surface 25 and the first wall surface 27.

[0030] One form of the first floor surface 25 is not particularly restricted, but can have a flat surface shape, as in the Fig. Figures 3 to 5 are shown. The first base surface 25 can be connected to the first side surface 13 and the second side surface 15, as shown in the Fig. Figures 3 to 5 show that the shape of the first wall surface 27 is not particularly restricted. Similar to the first floor surface 25, the first wall surface 27 can have a flat surface shape, as shown in Fig. 3 to 5 are shown.

[0031] The first valley line 29 therefore has in the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 5, the first valley line 29 has a straight line shape. Although the first valley line 29 can have a curved shape, it is less likely that a cutting force will be concentrated on a particular section if it has the shape of a straight line. This leads to improved durability of the base body 3.

[0032] The second recess 19 of the base body 3 can have a second floor surface 31, a second wall surface 33, and a second valley line 35. The second floor surface 31 can be located away from the second surface 11. The second wall surface 33 can be located between the second floor surface 31 and the second surface 11. The second valley line 35 can be located at an intersection of the second floor surface 31 and the second wall surface 33.

[0033] One form of the second floor surface 31 is not particularly restricted, but can be a flat surface shape, as in the Fig. Figures 3 to 5 are shown. The second base surface 31 can be connected to the first side surface 13 and the second side surface 15, as shown in the Fig. Figures 3 to 5 are shown. The shape of the second wall surface 33 is also not particularly restricted. Similar to the second floor surface 31, the second wall surface 33 can have a flat surface shape, as shown in Fig. 3 to 5 are shown.

[0034] The second valley line 35 therefore has in the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 5, the second valley line 35 has a straight line shape. Although the second valley line 35 can have a curved shape, it is less likely that a cutting force will be concentrated on a particular section if it has the shape of a straight line. This leads to improved durability of the base body 3.

[0035] In a perspective view of the inset 1 from one side of the first surface 9, the first valley line 29 does not have to overlap with the second valley line 35 and the first valley line 29 can intersect with the second valley line 35, as in Fig. 2 is shown. To facilitate visual understanding, in Fig. 2 the first valley line 29 is represented by a dash-dot line with large divisions and the first valley line 29 is represented by a dash-dot line with small divisions.

[0036] A section with a greater thickness than the thickness between the first bottom surface 25 and the second bottom surface 31 is located between the first valley line 29 and the second surface 11. Therefore, even if the first cutting edge 21 is used for a cutting operation, cracks are less likely to form between the first valley line 29 and the second valley line 35, resulting in improved durability of the base body 3.

[0037] A section with a greater thickness than the thickness between the first bottom surface 25 and the second bottom surface 31 is also located between the second valley line 35 and the first surface 9. Therefore, even if the second cutting edge 23 is used for a cutting operation, cracks are less likely to form between the first valley line 29 and the second valley line 35, resulting in improved durability of the base body 3.

[0038] The first valley line 29 and the second valley line 35 are not orthogonal to an angle bisector L1 of the first corner 5a, but inclined relative to the angle bisector L1 of the first corner 5a.

[0039] In illustration 1 of the present disclosure, the first part 5 is arranged in the first recess 17 and the second part 7 is arranged in the second recess 19. Accordingly, the first valley line 29 and the second valley line 35 cannot be considered when the first surface 9 is viewed from the front. However, the positions of the first valley line 29 and the second valley line 35 can be evaluated, for example, using the following procedure.

[0040] Particularly in cases where the first part 5 and the second part 7 are connected to the base body 3 using a connecting element, as described later, the first part 5 and the second part 7 can be separated from the base body 3 by melting the connecting element. Consequently, in a front view of the first surface 9, the first valley line 29 becomes visible, and in a front view of the second surface 11, the second valley line 35 becomes visible. It is therefore possible to assess, in a perspective view from one side of the first surface 9, whether the first valley line 29 intersects with the second valley line 35.

[0041] If it is difficult to separate the first part 5 and the second part 7 from the base body 3, as in cases where the base body 3, the first part 5 and the second part 7 are formed in one piece, the positions of the first valley line 29 and the second valley line 35 can be evaluated using the following procedure, for example.

[0042] Specifically, for example, the first valley line 29 and the second valley line 35 are specified in a plurality of cross-sections parallel to the angle bisector L1 of the first corner 5a and a central axis X1, as in the Fig. Figures 6 to 8 show the positions of the first valley line 29 and the second valley line 35. These positions can be estimated by connecting the first valley line 29 and the second valley line 35 in these cross-sections. An assessment of whether the first valley line 29 intersects the second valley line 35 can be made based on this estimation result.

[0043] The number of cross-sections for specifying the positions of the first valley line 29 and the second valley line 35 can be at least three, but there is no problem even if the number is four or more.

[0044] The dimensions of the base body 3 are not particularly restricted. For example, the length of one side of the first surface 9, which has a polygonal shape, can be set to approximately 3–20 mm. A height from the first surface 9 to the second surface 11, i.e., a height in a direction along the central axis X1, which passes through a center point of the first surface 9 and a center point of the second surface 11, can be set to approximately 5–20 mm.

[0045] The width in one direction along the first side surface 13 in the first recess 17 can be set to approximately 1–10 mm in the front view of the first surface 9. The height of the first recess 17 in the direction along the central axis X1 can be set to approximately 1.5–4 mm. Similarly, the width in one direction along the second side surface 15 in the second recess 19 can be set to approximately 1–10 mm in a front view of the second surface 11. The height of the second recess 19 in the direction of the central axis X1 can be set to approximately 1.5–4 mm.

[0046] The first part 5 can have a polygonal shape in the front view of the first surface 9, as in the cases where the first part 5 has the triangular shape in the Fig. The embodiment shown in Figure 2 has a surface of the first part 5, which is arranged along the first surface 9, with one side along the first side 9a and one side along the second side 9b. The lengths of these sides can be the same or different.

[0047] For example, in the front view of the first surface 9, as in Fig. As shown in Figure 2, the length of the side along the first side 9a in the first part 5 may be greater than the length of the side along the second side 9b in the first part 5. In other words, in the front view of the first surface 9, a width W1 in one direction along the first side surface 13 in the first part 5 may be greater than a width W2 in one direction along the second side surface 15 in the first part 5.

[0048] If the first part 5 has the configuration described above, the first valley line 29 is inclined relative to the angle bisector L1 of the first corner 5a, and the first valley line 29 tends to intersect the second valley line 35 in the perspective view onto the first surface 9. This makes it easier to increase the durability of the insert 1.

[0049] The second part 7 can have a polygonal shape in the front view of the second surface 11. Specifically, a surface of the second part 7, arranged along the second surface 11, has one side along the third side 11a and one side along the fourth side 11b. The lengths of these sides can be equal or different.

[0050] For example, as in Fig. As shown in Figure 2, the length of a side of the second part 7, which is arranged along the third side 11a, may be greater than the length of a side of the second part 7, which is arranged along the fourth side 11b in the front view of the second surface 11. In other words, in the front view of the second surface 11, a width W3 in a direction along the second side surface 15 in the second part 7 may be greater than a width W4 in a direction along the first side surface 13 in the second part 7.

[0051] If the second part 7 has the configuration described above, the second valley line 35 is inclined relative to the angle bisector L1 of the first corner 5a, and the first valley line 29 tends to intersect the second valley line 35 in the perspective view onto the first surface 9. This makes it easier to increase the durability of the insert 1.

[0052] Insert 1 has a higher durability when, in the perspective view of the first surface 9, the first valley line 29 and the second valley line 35 are positioned further away from their end segments than when the first valley line 29 and the second valley line 35 overlap at their end segments. Therefore, insert 1 has increased durability when, in the front view of the first side surface 13, the first valley line 29 is positioned further away from the second side surface 15 than the second valley line 35, as shown in the Fig. 3 illustrated embodiment.

[0053] For the same reason, insert 1 has increased durability if, in the front view of the second side surface 15, the first valley line 29 is arranged further away from the first side surface 13 than the second valley line 35, as in the Fig. 4 illustrated embodiment.

[0054] Insert 1 exhibits a further increase in durability, particularly when, in the perspective view of the first surface 9, the first valley line 29 intersects the second valley line 35 on the angle bisector L1 of the first corner 5a. This is due to a reduction in the deviation in the durability of insert 1 between the case of using the first cutting edge 21 and the case of using the second cutting edge 23.

[0055] The above configuration can be reformulated such that, in the perspective view of the first surface 9, a length from the first side surface 13 to an intersection where the first valley line 29 intersects the second valley line 35 is equal to a length from the second side surface 15 to the intersection.

[0056] The base body 3 can furthermore have an imaginary plane S, which is arranged between the first recess 17 and the second recess 19 and in which the Fig. In the embodiment shown in 3 to 5, the imaginary plane S runs orthogonally to the central axis X1. Fig. In the embodiment shown in 3 to 5, the surfaces run parallel to the first surface 9 and the second surface 11 or are arranged such that a height from the first surface 9 is equal to a height from the second surface 11.

[0057] The first floor surface 25 can be arranged parallel or inclined to the imaginary plane S. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 3, the first base surface 25 can be inclined such that, in a front view of the first side surface 13, it approaches the imaginary plane S, just as it moves away from the second side surface 15. As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 4, in a front view of the second side surface 15, the second bottom surface 31 can be inclined so that it approaches the imaginary plane S as it moves away from the first side surface 13.

[0058] A relatively large cutting force tends to be exerted on the first corner 5a when the first cutting edge 21 in the first part 5 is used for a cutting operation. Therefore, an area in the first base surface 25 corresponding to the first corner 5a tends to be subjected to a large cutting load in one direction from the first part 5 to the base body 3.

[0059] A relatively large cutting force tends to be exerted on the second corner 7a when the second cutting edge 23 in the second part 7 is used for the cutting operation. Therefore, an area in the second base surface 31 corresponding to the second corner 7a tends to be subjected to a large cutting load in one direction from the second part 7 to the base body 3.

[0060] If the first base surface 25 and the second base surface 31 are inclined as described above, it is possible to ensure a large thickness in the area of ​​the base body 3 enclosed by the first corner 5a and the second corner 7a. The base body 3 therefore has increased durability, and chipping is less likely to occur.

[0061] In the front view of the first side surface 13, the second bottom surface 31 can alternatively be inclined so that it approaches the imaginary plane S, just as it moves away from the second side surface 15, as in Fig. Figure 3 shows that in the front view of the second side surface 15, the first bottom surface 25 can be inclined so that it approaches the imaginary plane S, just as it moves away from the first side surface 13, as shown in Figure 3. Fig. 4 shown.

[0062] If the first base surface 25 and the second base surface 31 are inclined as described above, it becomes easier to ensure a greater thickness in the area of ​​the base body 3 surrounded by the first corner 5a and the second corner 7a. This results in greater durability of the base body 3, and chipping occurs much less frequently.

[0063] The angle at which an imaginary extension line L2 of the first base surface 25 intersects the imaginary plane S is assumed to be the first angle of inclination θ1 in the front view of the first side surface 13. The angle at which an imaginary extension line L3 of the first base surface 25 intersects the imaginary plane S is assumed to be the second angle of inclination θ2 in the front view of the second side surface 15. The first angle θ1 can be equal to or different from the second angle of inclination θ2.

[0064] As in a Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 11, the height of the second base surface 31 from the imaginary plane S in the front view of the first side surface 13 can be kept constant. As in a Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 12, the height of the first bottom surface 25 from the imaginary plane S in the front view of the second side surface 15 can be kept constant.

[0065] The in the Fig. 11 and Fig. The embodiment shown in 12 is effective, for example, when a part of the first cutting edge 21, which is arranged along the first side 9a, and a part of the second cutting edge 23, which is arranged along the third side 11a, are used as the main cutting edge, and a part of the first cutting edge 21, which is arranged along the second side 9b, and a part of the second cutting edge 23, which is arranged along the fourth side 11b, are used as a flat cutting edge.

[0066] If the portion of the first cutting edge 21, which is arranged along the second side 9b, is used as a flat cutting edge, the cutting force emanating from this portion is relatively low. Therefore, it is less likely that the durability of the base body 3 will be affected, even if the height of the first bottom surface 25 is kept constant from the imaginary plane S in the front view of the second side surface 15. If the height of the first bottom surface 25 is kept constant from the imaginary plane S in the front view of the second side surface 15, the surface roughness of a machined surface of a workpiece tends to become small, thereby improving machining accuracy.

[0067] Similarly, if the portion of the second cutting edge 23 located along the fourth side 11b is used as a flat cutting edge, the cutting force emanating from this portion is relatively small. Therefore, the durability of the base body 3 is less likely to be affected, even if the height of the second bottom surface 31 relative to the imaginary plane S in the front view of the first side surface 13 is kept constant. If the height of the second bottom surface 31 relative to the imaginary plane S in the front view of the first side surface 13 is kept constant, the surface roughness of the machined surface of the workpiece tends to decrease, thereby improving machining accuracy.

[0068] Insert 1 can have a through hole 37, as shown in Fig. Figure 1 shows the through-hole 37. It can extend from the first surface 9 to the second surface 11 or open into these surfaces. The through-hole 37 can extend along the central axis X1. The through-hole 37 can be used to attach a screw or a clamp when the insert 1 is held by the holder.

[0069] The through-hole 37 can open into areas in the side surfaces that are arranged on opposite sides. Alternatively, the insert 1 may not have the through-hole 37. For example, the insert 1 has the through-hole 37 in the Fig. 13. The embodiment shown is not included.

[0070] The insert 1 can have third recesses 39 instead of the through hole 37, each arranged on the first surface 9 and the second surface 11, as shown in Fig. Figure 13 shows the insert 1 being held by the holder by attaching the clamp either to the third recess 39 located on the first surface 9 or to the third recess 39 located on the second surface 11.

[0071] The third recess 39 can be connected to the first recess 17 and / or the second recess 19. Alternatively, the third recess 39 can be arranged away from the first recess 17 and the second recess 19, as shown in Fig. Figure 13 shows that if the third recess 39 is arranged as described above, chips produced by the first cutting edge 21 or the second cutting edge 23 are less likely to penetrate the third recess 39. Therefore, it is possible to hold the insert 1 stably in place using the holder.

[0072] For example, cemented carbide, cermet, and ceramic can be used as a material for the base body 3. Examples of cemented carbide compositions include WC (tungsten carbide)-Co, WC-TiC (titanium carbide)-Co, and WC-TiC-TaC (tantalum carbide)-Co.

[0073] As used here, WC, TiC, and TaC are hard particles, and Co is a binder phase. Cermet is a sintered composite material obtained by joining metal with a ceramic component. Examples of cermet are compounds formed primarily from TiC or TiN (titanium nitride). The material of base body 3 is not limited to the above.

[0074] Examples of materials from Part 5 and Part 7 include cemented carbide, PCD (polycrystalline diamond), and cBN (cubic boron nitride). The materials listed in Part 5 and Part 7 are not limited to those mentioned above.

[0075] The first part 5 and the second part 7 can be joined to the base body 3 using a connecting element, e.g., a soldering material. Alternatively, the first part 5 and the second part 7 can be joined together by sintering them in one piece with the base body 3.

[0076] Insert 1 can consist solely of the base body 3, the first part 5, and the second part 7. Alternatively, in addition to the base body 3, the first part 5, and the second part 7, insert 1 can have a coating layer to cover the surfaces of these parts. The coating layer can cover all or part of the surface of the main body formed by the base body 3, the first part 5, and the second part 7.

[0077] Examples of materials used in the coating layer include aluminum oxide (alumina) as well as titanium carbides, nitrides, oxides, carbonates, nitrogen oxides, carbonitrides, and carboxynitrides. The coating layer may consist of only one or more of the above-mentioned materials.

[0078] The coating layer can consist of a single layer or be a structure in which several layers are laminated on top of each other. The material of the coating layer is not limited to these materials. The coating layer can be applied to the base material by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD). <schneidwerkzeuge>

[0079] The cutting tool 101 in one of the embodiments is described below with reference to the Fig. 18 to 20 described. Fig. 18 to 20 show a state in which the use of 1 in the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the cutting tool 101 is attached to a pocket 105 of a holder 103 by a screw 107. A rotation axis X2 of the cutting tool 101 is located in... Fig. 18 or similar, marked by a dash-dot-dot-dash line.

[0080] The cutting tool 101 in this embodiment is suitable for milling operations. The cutting tool 101 comprises the holder 103, which has the axis of rotation X2 and a plurality of pockets 105 on an outer circumferential surface on one side of a front end of the holder 103, and the inserts 1, which are individually attached to the pockets 105.

[0081] The holder 103 has an approximately circular column shape around the axis of rotation X2. A plurality of pockets 105 are arranged on the outer circumferential surface at the front end of the holder 103. The pockets 105 are designed to allow the attachment of the inserts 1 and open into the outer circumferential surface and a front end surface of the holder 103. The plurality of pockets 105 can be arranged at equal or unequal intervals. The holder 103 does not have a strictly circular column shape because the holder 103 contains the plurality of pockets 105.

[0082] The inserts 1 are individually attached to the majority of the pockets 105 arranged in the holder 103. Each insert 1 is positioned such that at least part of the cutting edge protrudes from the holder 103. Specifically, each insert 1 is attached to the holder 103 such that, in the embodiments, the first cutting edge projects from the holder towards a workpiece.

[0083] The inserts 1 are individually attached to the pockets 105 such that the first surface in the embodiments is directed towards a front in a direction of rotation Y2 of the axis of rotation X2, and also such that in the embodiments the second surface is directed towards a back in a direction of rotation Y2 of the axis of rotation X2.

[0084] The inserts 1 are individually attached to the pockets 105 using the screw 107. Each insert 1 can be attached to the holder 103 by inserting the screw 107 into the through-hole of the insert 1 and one end of the screw 107 into a screw hole formed in the pocket 105 (not shown) to secure the screw 107 to the screw hole. The screw 107 does not have to be used to attach the insert 1 to the pocket 105. A clamp or similar device can be used instead of the screw 107.

[0085] For example, steel, cast iron, or similar materials can be used for holder 103. Holder 103 has increased toughness, in particular, when steel is used. <Verfahren zur Herstellung eines maschinell bzw. spanabhebend bearbeiteten Produkts>

[0086] A method for producing a machined or chip-removing product in one of the embodiments is described below with reference to the Fig. Described in sections 21 to 23. Fig. Figures 21 to 23 show the method for producing a machined product when a cutting operation is carried out with the cutting tool 101 as described above. The axis of rotation X2 of the cutting tool 101 is in the Fig. 21 to 23 are marked by a dash-dot-dot-dash line. The machined product can be manufactured by performing the cutting operation on a workpiece 201. The manufacturing process in this embodiment comprises the following steps: the step (1) of rotating the cutting tool 101, which is represented by the preceding embodiments, step (2) to bring the cutting edge of the cutting tool 101, which is rotated, into contact with the workpiece 201, and step (3) to move the cutting tool 101 away from the workpiece 201.

[0087] More precisely, the cutting tool 101 is first brought relatively close to the workpiece 201, while the cutting tool 101 is rotated in the Y2 direction around the axis of rotation X2, as shown in Fig. 21. The workpiece 201 is then cut by bringing the cutting edge of the cutting tool 101 into contact with the workpiece 201, as shown in Fig. Figure 22 shows that the cutting tool 101 is then moved away from the workpiece 201, as shown in Figure 22. Fig. 23 shown.

[0088] The workpiece 201 is fixed in place and, in the embodiment described above, the cutting tool 101 is brought close to the workpiece 201. The workpiece 201 is fixed in place and the cutting tool 101 is rotated about the axis of rotation X2 into the Fig. 21 to 23 turns. The workpiece 201 is fixed and the cutting tool 101 is inserted. Fig. 23 moved away. Although the workpiece 201 is fixed and the cutting tool 101 is moved in the individual steps of the cutting process according to the manufacturing method in the above embodiment, it is not intended to be limited to this embodiment.

[0089] For example, in step (1), the workpiece 201 can be brought close to the cutting tool 101. Similarly, in step (3), the workpiece 201 can be moved away from the cutting tool 101. If the cutting process is to be continued, the step in which the cutting edge in insert 1 is brought into contact with different sections of the workpiece 201 can be repeated while the cutting tool 101 is kept rotating.

[0090] Representative examples of workpiece material 201 are unalloyed steel, alloyed steel, stainless steel, cast iron and non-ferrous metals. Reference symbol list 1 cutting insert (insert) 3 basic bodies 5 first part 5a first corner 7 Part Two 7a second corner 9 first area 9a first page 9b second page 11 second area 11a third page 11b fourth page 13 first side surface 15 second side surface 17 first recess 19 second recess 21 first cutting edge 23 second cutting edge 25 first floor area 27 first wall surface 29 first valley line 31 second floor area 33 second wall surface 35 second valley line 37 Through hole 39 third recess 101 Cutting tool 103 holders 105 bag 107 screw 201 workpiece θ1 First inclination angle θ2 Second tilt angle S imaginary plane X1 center axis X2 axis of rotation Y2 Direction of rotation L1 Angle bisector of the first corner 5 L2 imaginary extension line of the first floor surface L3 imaginary extension line of the first floor surface W1 Width of the first area W2 Width of the first area W3 Width of the second area W4 Width of the second area< / schneidwerkzeuge>

Claims

[1] A cutting insert (1) comprising: a basic body (3), comprising a first area (9), a second surface (11) which is arranged on one of the sides opposite the first surface (9), a first side surface (13) which is connected to the first surface (9) and the second surface (11), a second side surface (15) connected to the first surface (9), the second surface (11) and the first side surface (13), a first recess (17) which leads into the first surface (9), the first side surface (13) and the second side surface (15), and a second recess (19) which leads into the second surface (11), the first side surface (13) and the second side surface (15), a first part (5) with a triangular plate shape, which is arranged in the first recess (17) and has a first cutting edge (21) which is arranged at an intersection of two adjacent surfaces, and a second part (7) with a triangular plate shape, which is arranged in the second recess (19) and has a second cutting edge (23) which is arranged at an intersection of two adjacent surfaces, wherein the first recess (17) has a first floor surface (25) which is arranged away from the first surface (9), a first wall surface (27) which is arranged between the first floor surface (25) and the first surface (9), and a first valley line (29) which is located at an intersection of the first floor surface (25) and the first wall surface (27), the second recess (19) a second floor surface (31) which is arranged away from the second surface (11), a second wall surface (33) which is arranged between the second floor surface (31) and the second surface (11), and a second valley line (35) which is located at an intersection of the second floor surface (31) and the second wall surface (33), and where the first valley line (29) intersects the second valley line (35) in a perspective view onto the first surface (9). [2] The cutting insert (1) according to claim 1, wherein in a front view of the first surface (9) a width (W1) in a direction along the first side surface (13) in the first part (5) is greater than a width (W2) in a direction along the second side surface (15) in the first part (5). [3] The cutting insert (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the perspective view of the first surface (9) a length from the first side surface (13) to an interface where the first valley line (29) intersects the second valley line (35) is equal to a length from the second side surface (15) to the interface. [4] The cutting insert (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plane that is arranged between the first recess (17) and the second recess (19) and is orthogonal to a central axis (X1) that passes through a center point of the first surface (9) and a center point of the second surface (11), is an imaginary plane (S), the first bottom surface (25) in a front view of the first side surface (13) of the imaginary plane (S) as the distance from the second side surface (15) increases, and The second bottom surface (31) approaches the second side surface (15) of the imaginary plane in a front view with increasing distance from the first side surface (13). [5] The cutting insert (1) according to claim 4, wherein the second bottom surface (31) in the front view of the first side surface (13) of the imaginary plane (S) approaches with increasing distance from the second side surface (15), and the first bottom surface (25) approaches the second side surface (15) of the imaginary plane (S) in the front view with increasing distance from the first side surface (13). [6] The cutting insert (1) according to claim 5, wherein in the front view of the first side surface (15) an angle at which an imaginary extension line (L2) of the first base surface (25) intersects the imaginary plane (25) is a first angle of inclination (θ1), and in the front view of the second side surface (15) an angle at which the imaginary extension line (L2) of the first base surface (25) intersects the imaginary plane (S) is a second angle of inclination (θ2), the first angle of inclination (θ1) is equal to the second angle of inclination (θ2). [7] The cutting insert (1) according to claim 4, wherein in the front view of the first side surface (13) a height of the second bottom surface (31) is kept constant from the imaginary plane (S), and In the front view of the second side surface (15), the height of the first bottom surface (25) is kept constant from the imaginary plane (S). [8] A cutting tool (101) comprising: a holder (103) having a rod shape extending from a first end to a second end, and having a pocket (105) arranged on one side of the first end, and the cutting insert (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the cutting insert (1) is arranged in the pocket (105). [9] A method for producing a machine-made product, comprising: Turning a workpiece (201), Bringing the cutting tool (101) according to claim 8 into contact with the workpiece (201), and Moving the cutting tool (101) away from the workpiece (201).

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