ADJUSTABLE ANTENNA ARRAY AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a tunable antenna array and an electronic device. The tunable antenna array comprises: a first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite one another, and a plurality of antenna subarrays arranged in an array; wherein at least a portion of the plurality of antenna subarrays includes a phase shifter, a power splitting feed network, and a plurality of radiating units; the phase shifter and the power splitting feed network are located between the first substrate and the second substrate;at least a part of the plurality of radiation units is connected to the phase shifter via the power splitting feed network, the antenna patterns corresponding to the plurality of radiation units comprise at least a partial pattern on a side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate, the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the power splitting feed network on the first substrate is smaller than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the phase shifter on the first substrate;

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communications technology and, more particularly, to an adjustable antenna array and an electronic device. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] When designing dual-polarized or multi-polarized antenna arrays, multiple polarization modes can be implemented simultaneously in one antenna unit. Dual-polarized antennas based on the dual-polarization mode are gradually becoming an indispensable component in wireless communication systems and significantly impact the performance of the communication system because they can simultaneously transmit two orthographically polarized electromagnetic wave signals with very low interference and are advantageously easy to operate in duplex mode.

[0003] In the actual design of dual-polarized liquid crystal antenna units and arrays, as the number of polarization modes increases, the number of phase shifters corresponding to the antenna units also increases dramatically. This leads to the problem of insufficient space for device placement, significantly increasing the complexity of the design and layout. Furthermore, the multiplication of corresponding control lines and driver circuits also increases the complexity of the control system. Many of the problems caused by this need to be urgently addressed. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

[0004] The present disclosure provides an adjustable antenna array and an electronic device. Specific solutions are as follows: An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an adjustable antenna array comprising: a first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite one another, and multiple antenna subarrays arranged in an array; wherein at least a portion of the plurality of antenna subarrays comprises a phase shifter, a power splitting feed network, and a plurality of radiating units; the phase shifter and the power splitting feed network are located between the first substrate and the second substrate; at least a portion of the plurality of radiating units is connected to the phase shifter via the power splitting feed network, the antenna patterns corresponding to the plurality of radiating units comprise at least a partial pattern on a side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate, the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the power splitting feed network on the first substrate is smaller than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the phase shifter on the first substrate.

[0005] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, an input terminal of the power splitting feed network is connected to the phase shifter, wherein a plurality of output terminals of the power splitting feed network are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the corresponding radiation units.

[0006] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of the plurality of radiation units is not less than three, the number of the power splitting feed network is not less than two, the number of output terminals of the respective power splitting feed networks is less than the number of the plurality of radiation units.

[0007] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, in one of the power split feed networks, the line length and line width of the respective output terminals are the same.

[0008] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of output ports of the respective power sharing feed networks is the same.

[0009] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the power splitting injection network comprises a first stage power splitting injection network and a second stage power splitting injection network, wherein an output terminal of the first stage power splitting injection network is connected to the plurality of radiating units, an input terminal of the first stage power splitting injection network is connected to an output terminal of the second stage power splitting injection network, an input terminal of the second stage power splitting injection network is connected to the phase shifter.

[0010] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first stage power splitting feed network and the second stage power splitting feed network each have two output terminals.

[0011] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of the plurality of radiating units is an even number, wherein every two radiating units of the radiating units are each connected to an output terminal of one of the first-stage power splitting feed networks.

[0012] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of the plurality of radiating units is four, the number of the first-stage power splitting feed network is two, the number of the second-stage power splitting feed network is one, wherein two adjacent radiating units of the radiating units are each connected to an output terminal of one of the first-stage power splitting feed networks, other two adjacent radiating units of the radiating units are each connected to an output terminal of another of the first-stage power splitting feed networks, the input terminals of the two first-stage power splitting feed networks are each connected to an output terminal of the second-stage power splitting feed network.

[0013] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of the plurality of radiating units is four, the number of the first-stage power splitting feed network is one, the number of the second-stage power splitting feed network is one, wherein two adjacent radiating units of the radiating units are each connected to an output terminal of the first-stage power splitting feed network, the input terminal of the first-stage power splitting feed network and one of the remaining two radiating units are each connected to an output terminal of the second-stage power splitting feed network, another of the remaining two radiating units is directly connected to another phase shifter.

[0014] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of the plurality of radiating units is an odd number, wherein every two radiating units of the radiating units are each connected to an output terminal of the first-stage power splitting feed network, the remaining radiating unit is connected to the output terminal of the second-stage power splitting feed network.

[0015] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of the plurality of radiating units is three, the number of first-stage power splitting feed network is one, the number of second-stage power splitting feed network is one, wherein two adjacent radiating units of the radiating units are each connected to an output terminal of the first-stage power splitting feed network, the input terminal of the first-stage power splitting feed network and the remaining radiating unit are each connected to an output terminal of the second-stage power splitting feed network.

[0016] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of radiation units are arranged side by side.

[0017] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of radiation units are arranged in an array.

[0018] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the respective radiation units refer to a single polarization structure having a same polarization direction, the single polarization structure comprising any of the following: a vertical polarization, a horizontal polarization, a +45° polarization, a -45° polarization, a right-hand circular polarization, and a left-hand circular polarization.

[0019] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the respective radiation units refer to a dual polarization structure having two different polarization directions, the dual polarization structure comprising any of the following: vertical and horizontal dual polarization, ±45° dual polarization, left and right circular dual polarization.

[0020] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of radiation units comprise a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit, wherein the power splitting feed network comprises a first power splitting feed network and a second power splitting feed network, the phase shifter comprises a first phase shifter and a second phase shifter, the output terminal of the first power splitting feed network is connected to the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit, respectively, and the input terminal of the first power splitting feed network is connected to the first phase shifter via a first feed line, the output terminal of the second power splitting feed network is connected to the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit, respectively,and the input terminal of the second power splitting feed network is connected to the second phase shifter via a second feed line.,

[0021] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first phase shifter, the first feed line, the first power splitting feed network, the second phase shifter, the second feed line, and the second power splitting feed network are made of metal film patterns located on one and the same substrate, on a same layer and with a same thickness.

[0022] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, a ground electrode is further comprised, which is located on a side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate, wherein orthographic projections of the respective radiation unit on the first substrate fall entirely within the circumference of the orthographic projection of the ground electrode on the first substrate, such that an electromagnetic wave signal received by the adjustable antenna array on the side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate is reflected by the ground electrode from the same side.

[0023] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna pattern further comprises another subpattern located on a side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate, wherein the orthographic projections of the another subpattern and the subpattern on the first substrate at least partially overlap, such that an electromagnetic wave signal received by the adjustable antenna array on the side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate is transmitted from the side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate.

[0024] Accordingly, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device comprising: an adjustable antenna array as described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of a 2*2 antenna array in plan view, which consists of four antenna units in the relevant prior art; Fig. 2 is one of the schematic diagrams of a cross-sectional structure associated with the Fig. 1 corresponds; Fig. 3 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an adjustable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in plan view; Fig. 4 is one of the schematic diagrams of a cross-sectional structure corresponding to the Fig. 3 corresponds; Fig. 5 is one of the schematic diagrams of a cross-sectional structure corresponding to the Fig. 3 corresponds; Fig. 6 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an antenna subarray in an adjustable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in plan view; Fig. 7 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an antenna subarray in a tunable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in plan view; Fig. 8 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an antenna subarray in a tunable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in plan view; Fig. 9 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an antenna subarray in an adjustable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in plan view; Fig. 10 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an antenna subarray in an adjustable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in plan view; Fig. 11 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an adjustable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in plan view; Fig. 12 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an adjustable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in plan view; Fig. 13 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an antenna subarray in a tunable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in plan view; Fig. 14 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an antenna subarray in an adjustable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in plan view; Fig. 15 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an antenna subarray in a tunable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in plan view; Fig. 16 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an antenna subarray in a tunable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in plan view; Fig. 17 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an antenna subarray in an adjustable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in plan view; Fig. 18 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an antenna subarray in an adjustable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in plan view; Fig. 19 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an antenna subarray in an adjustable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in plan view; Fig. 20 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an antenna subarray in a tunable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in plan view; Fig. 21 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an antenna subarray in an adjustable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in plan view; Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure that can be connected to any structure in Fig. 19 to Fig. 21 corresponds; Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure that can be connected to any structure in Fig. 19 to Fig. 21 corresponds; Fig. 24 is one of the schematic diagrams of a cross-sectional structure of an adjustable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure when it is a reflection type antenna array; Fig. 25 is one of the schematic diagrams of a cross-sectional structure of an adjustable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure when it is a transmission type antenna array; Fig. 26 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

[0025] In order to more clearly explain the purpose, the technical solutions, and the advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure are explained clearly and completely in conjunction with the figures below. Obviously, the described embodiments are not all, but only some embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiments and the features of the embodiments in the present disclosure can be arbitrarily combined with one another in non-conflicting cases. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments that a person of ordinary skill in the art can obtain without inventive step fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure have a common meaning understood by a person of ordinary skill in the relevant field. The expression "comprising" or "containing" or the like used in this disclosure means that the elements or things listed before the expression include the elements or things listed after the expression and their equivalents, while other elements or things cannot be excluded.

[0027] The state of the art shows Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a 2*2 antenna array consisting of four antenna units in plan view. The dimensions of the antenna unit 01 are a*b, a=0.25λ, b=0.25λ, and λ is a wavelength corresponding to the central operating frequency point of a corresponding antenna array. Both a transverse pitch and a longitudinal pitch of the antenna unit 01 are 0.5λ. Here, each antenna unit 01 corresponds to a phase shifter 02, and the antenna unit 01 and the corresponding phase shifter 02 are coupled via a feed line 03, so that the phase shifter 02 drives the antenna unit 01 one-to-one. At the same time, each phase shifter 02 must be coupled to a control line 04 to perform drive control. Fig. 2 is one of the schematic diagrams of a cross-sectional structure associated with the Fig. 1, where 05 represents an upper base plate, 06 represents a lower base plate, 07 represents the floor. In combination with Fig. 1. In an actual layout in the 2*2 antenna array, the lateral pitch and longitudinal pitch of the antenna unit 01 must be considered, while four phase shifters 02, four groups of feed lines 03, and four groups of control lines 04 are arranged in a λ*λ space. Especially, when the size of a single phase shifter 02 is large, it poses a challenge to the design of the antenna unit 01 and the arrangement and layout of the array. Factors in many aspects must be considered simultaneously, such as a power connection between the antenna unit 01 and the phase shifter 02, a power influence between the feed lines 03 and the phase shifter 02, and the wiring layout of multiple control lines 04. The design becomes limited. If the scale of the array is further expanded, it will lead to greater difficulty.

[0028] Therefore, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide an adjustable antenna array and an electronic device to save layout space.

[0029] In combination with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide an adjustable antenna array. Fig. 3 one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an adjustable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in plan view and Fig. 4 is one of the schematic diagrams of a cross-sectional structure corresponding to the Fig. 3. In detail, the adjustable antenna array includes: a first substrate 10 and a second substrate 10 arranged opposite each other, and a plurality of antenna subarrays 30 arranged in an array; wherein at least a portion of the plurality of antenna subarrays 30 comprises a phase shifter 40, a power splitting feed network 50, and a plurality of radiating units 60; the phase shifter 40 and the power splitting feed network 50 are located between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20; at least a portion of the plurality of radiating units 60 is connected to the phase shifter 40 via the power splitting feed network 50; the antenna patterns corresponding to the plurality of radiating units 60 comprise at least a partial pattern on a side of the second substrate 20 facing away from the first substrate 10; the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the power splitting feed network 50 on the first substrate 10 is smaller than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the phase shifter 40 on the first substrate 10.

[0030] In a specific implementation, the adjustable antenna array includes a first substrate 10 and a second substrate 20 arranged opposite one another, and a plurality of antenna subarrays 30 arranged in an array. The first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 may be glass base plates, polyimide (PI), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), printed circuit boards (PCB), ceramic, or the like. Of course, the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 may also be provided according to actual application needs, which is not limited here. Furthermore, the specific number of the plurality of antenna subarrays 30 may be adjusted according to actual application needs, which is not limited here.

[0031] At least a portion of the plurality of antenna subarrays 30 includes a phase shifter 40, a power splitting feed network 50, and a plurality of radiating units 60. The number of phase shifters 40 may be one or more. The number of power splitting feed networks 50 may be one or more. The specific number of phase shifters 40 and power splitting feed networks 50 may be set depending on the specific number of the plurality of radiating units 60 in the actual antenna subarray 30, which is not limited here. Fig. 3 shows that the tunable antenna array comprises two antenna subarrays 30 arranged in the array, each antenna subarray 30 being provided with, but not limited to, two radiating units 60, a power splitting feed network 50, and a phase shifter 40. The phase shifter 40 and the power splitting feed network 50 are located between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, and at least a portion of the plurality of radiating units 60 are connected to the phase shifter 40 via the power splitting feed network 50.Since the power splitting feed network 50 can split the signals input to it via the phase shifter 40 into multiple paths and provide them to the corresponding radiation units 60, even if the number of radiation units 60 is relatively large and the number is determined, the number of phase shifters 40 provided can be reduced to a certain extent. Furthermore, the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the power splitting feed network 50 on the first substrate 10 is smaller than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the phase shifter 40 on the first substrate 10. That is, although the power splitting feed network 50 is added in the tunable antenna array, the power splitting feed network 50 can be designed much smaller than a single phase shifter 40.As a result, the reduction in the number of phase shifters 40 provided effectively saves the layout space for the adjustable antenna array.

[0032] It should be noted that the power splitting feed network 50 may essentially be a portion of the feed lines, excluding the phase shifter 40 and the power splitting feed network 50, in the tunable antenna array. Accordingly, the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the power splitting feed network 50 on the first substrate 10 essentially refers to the area of ​​the cross-sectional shape of this portion of feed lines parallel to the plane in which the first substrate 10 is located.The width of the cross-sectional shape of this part of feed lines is much smaller than the width of the cross-sectional shape of the phase shifter 40 and the power divider feed network 50 parallel to the plane in which the first substrate 10 is located, the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the cross-sectional shape of this part of feed lines on the first substrate 10 is much smaller than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the phase shifter 40 on the first substrate 10.

[0033] Furthermore, it should be noted that Fig. 4 simply illustrates the positional relationship between the respective components in the tunable antenna array. In the figures mentioned in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the dimensions and shapes of the respective figures do not reflect true proportions and are merely used to schematically illustrate the content of the disclosure. The same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions from beginning to end.

[0034] In one of the exemplary embodiments, the orthographic projections of at least a portion of the radiation unit 60 and the output terminal of the power splitting feed network 50 connected to the at least a portion of the radiation unit 60 at least partially overlap on the first substrate 10. In one of the exemplary embodiments, as in Fig. 5, the output terminal of the power splitting feed network 50 can be directly electrically connected to at least a portion of the radiating unit 60 via a through-glass via (TGV) through a corresponding base plate. In one of the exemplary embodiments, the output terminal of the power splitting feed network 50 can be coupled to at least a portion of the radiating unit 60. Of course, the connection method between the power splitting feed network 50 and the at least a portion of the radiating units 60 can be adjusted according to actual application requirements, but this is not limited here.

[0035] In a specific implementation, the antenna patterns corresponding to the plurality of radiation units 60 comprise at least a partial pattern on a side of the second substrate 20 facing away from the first substrate 10. In one of the exemplary embodiments, as in Fig. 3, the antenna patterns corresponding to the plurality of radiation units 60 include a partial pattern on a side of the second substrate 20 facing away from the first substrate 10. In one of the exemplary embodiments, the antenna patterns corresponding to the plurality of radiation units 60 include not only a partial pattern on a side of the second substrate 20 facing away from the first substrate 10, but also a partial pattern on a side of the first substrate 10 facing away from the second substrate 20, thereby extending the radiation range of the corresponding antenna subarray 30.

[0036] It should be noted that the positional relationship between the respective units in the antenna subarray 30 in the adjustable antenna array can be set forth as follows.

[0037] In a specific implementation, if the antenna subarray 30 includes Q radiation units 60, the number of phase shifters 40 in the antenna subarray 30 and the number of control lines 400 connected to the phase shifters 40 can be reduced to 1 / Q of the original, where Q is a positive integer greater than 1. As an example, the dimension of each radiation unit 60 is a*b, where a=0.25λ, b=0.25λ, and λ is a wavelength corresponding to the central operating frequency point of the tunable antenna array, and both a transverse pitch and a longitudinal pitch between two adjacent radiation units 60 are each 0.5λ, in order to explain the positional relationship of each unit in the antenna subarray 30 and suitable application scenarios.

[0038] For example, the antenna subarray 30 comprises m longitudinally arranged radiation units 60, where m is a positive integer greater than 1. The distance between adjacent antenna subarrays 30 in the longitudinal direction can be m*0.5*λ. If the feed horn signals of the respective radiation units 60 remain consistent, the scanning angle of the adjustable antenna array in the longitudinal direction will be Fig. 1. Accordingly, the tunable antenna array can be used for electronic devices with low longitudinal scanning power requirements.

[0039] In another example, the antenna subarray 30 comprises n transversely arranged radiation units 60, where n is a positive integer greater than 1. The distance between adjacent antenna subarrays 30 in the transverse direction can be n*0.5*λ.

[0040] If the feed horn signals of the respective radiation units 60 remain consistent, the scanning angle of the adjustable antenna array in the transverse direction is increased compared to a radiation unit 60 in a Fig. 1. Accordingly, the tunable antenna array can be used for electronic devices with low cross-scan power requirements.

[0041] In another example, if the Q radiation units 60 in the antenna subarray 30 are not arranged in an m*n rectangle and if the feed horn signals of the respective radiation units 60 remain consistent, the feed horn signals of the units between different subarrays can thereby generate specific power differences, whereby a specific product power corresponding to the adjustable antenna array can be ensured.

[0042] In another example, the entire power splitting feed network 50 corresponding to the Q radiating units 60 in the antenna subarray 30 may consist of a one-to-Q power splitting feed network plus a feed line 600, wherein the one-to-Q power splitting feed network may be continuously formed by connecting multiple one-to-two power splitting feed networks. Furthermore, the line widths and line lengths of the one-to-two power splitting feed network may be different at asymmetric positions according to the design requirements for impedance matching of ends of the power splitting feed network 50.

[0043] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the arrangement and driving manner of the antenna subarray 30 in the tunable antenna array can be diverse, mainly represented by the number of radiating units 60 connected in the antenna subarray 30, the connection relationship, and positional relationship between the respective units in the antenna subarray 30. In one of the exemplary embodiments, the input terminal 501 of the power splitting feed network 50 is connected to the phase shifter 40, and the plurality of output terminals 502 of the power splitting feed network 50 are each provided in one-to-one correspondence with the corresponding radiating units 60.

[0044] In a specific implementation, the input terminal 501 of the power splitting feed network 50 and the phase shifter 40 may be electrically connected, including in a coupled manner, which is not limited here. In one of the exemplary embodiments, the plurality of output terminals 502 of the power splitting feed network 50 may each be provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the corresponding radiating units 60. Accordingly, the number of the plurality of output terminals 502 and the number of the plurality of radiating units 60 are the same.

[0045] In one of the exemplary embodiments, as in Fig. 6 is one of the schematic diagrams of the structure of an antenna subarray in a tunable antenna array, viewed from a top view. The number of the plurality of radiation units 60 is two, there is a power splitting feed network 50, two output terminals 502 of the power splitting feed network 50, and a phase shifter 40. Because the power splitting feed network 50 includes two output terminals 502, and these two output terminals 502 are respectively connected to two radiation units 60, the signals input to the input terminal 51 of the power splitting feed network 50 via the phase shifter 40 can then be output via its two output terminals 502 in two signal paths, respectively, and the two signal paths can be respectively provided to corresponding radiation units 60.Furthermore, the number of the plurality of output terminals 502 can also be set depending on the specific number of the plurality of radiating units 60 in actual applications. For example, three radiating units 60 are connected to three output terminals 502 of the power splitting feed network 50. In another example, four radiating units 60 are connected to four output terminals 502 of the power splitting feed network 50. As follows. Fig. 3 is used as an example to explain the case in which the multiple output terminals 502 of the power splitting feed network 50 are each provided in one-to-one correspondence with the corresponding radiation units 60. The Fig. The adjustable antenna array shown in Figure 3 is essentially a 2*2 array consisting of four radiating units 60. In this array, only two phase shifters 40 need to be arranged. If, in comparison to Fig. 1, a single antenna unit and a single radiating unit 60 have the same dimension and individual phase shifters 40 have the same dimension, because the number of phase shifters 40 is reduced by half, the number of control lines 400 connected to the phase shifters 40 is also reduced by half, thereby saving the layout space.

[0046] In one of the exemplary embodiments, in combination with Fig. 7 to Fig. 9, the number of the plurality of radiation units 60 is not less than three, the number of the power splitting feeder network 50 is not less than two, the number of output terminals 502 of the respective power splitting feeder networks 50 is less than the number of the plurality of radiation units 60.

[0047] In a specific implementation, the number of the plurality of radiation units 60 may be three or more than three. The number of the plurality of radiation units 60 may be determined according to actual application needs, which is not limited here. The number of power splitting feed networks 50 is not less than two, and the number of power splitting feed networks 50 may be two or more than two. The number of power splitting feed networks 50 may be determined according to actual application needs, which is not limited here. The number of output terminals 502 of each power splitting feed network 50 is less than the number of the plurality of radiation units 60. In one of the exemplary embodiments, the number of output terminals 502 of each power splitting feed network is two, and the number of the plurality of radiation units 60 is three.In one of the exemplary embodiments, some of the plurality of power splitting feed networks 50 have two output ports 502, and some have three output ports 502, and the number of radiating units 60 is five. Of course, the number of output ports 502 of each power splitting feed network 50 may be provided according to the power requirements of the tunable antenna array, but this is not limited here.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, in combination with Fig. 3 to Fig. 10 in one of the power splitting feed networks 50, the line length and line width of the respective output terminals 502 are equal. The consistency of the physical structures of the corresponding power splitting feed networks 50 and the electrical power of the respective output terminals 502 can then be ensured, thus enabling equivalent drive of the corresponding radiation units 60 by the respective output terminals 502.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, in combination with Fig. 3 to Fig. 10, the number of output ports 502 of the respective power splitting feeder networks 50 is the same. For example, the number of output ports 502 of the respective power splitting feeder networks is two. In another example, the number of output ports 502 of the respective power splitting feeder networks is three. The specific number of output ports 502 of the respective power splitting feeder networks 50 can be set according to actual application needs, which is not limited here.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sharing feed network 50 in combination with Fig. 3 to Fig. 10 a first stage power splitting feed network 70 and a second stage power splitting feed network 80, wherein an output terminal 502 of the first stage power splitting feed network 70 is connected to the plurality of radiating units 60, an input terminal 501 of the first stage power splitting feed network 70 is connected to an output terminal 502 of the second stage power splitting feed network 80, an input terminal 501 of the second stage power splitting feed network 80 is connected to the phase shifter 40.

[0051] In a specific implementation, the power split injection network 50 may include a first-stage power split injection network 70 and a second-stage power split injection network 80. One or more first-stage power split injection networks 70 may be present. One or more second-stage power split injection networks 80 may be present. The specific number of the first-stage power split injection network 70 and the second-stage power split injection network 80 may be set according to actual application needs, which is not limited here.Furthermore, the output terminal 502 of the first-stage power distribution feed network 70 is connected to a plurality of radiation units 60, the input terminal 501 of the first-stage power distribution feed network 70 is connected to the output terminal 502 of the second-stage power distribution feed network 80, and the input terminal 501 of the second-stage power distribution feed network 80 is connected to the phase shifter 40. In one of the exemplary embodiments, the power distribution feed networks of the respective stages may be electrically connected, including in a coupled manner. Furthermore, the power distribution feed network of a corresponding stage and the phase shifter 40 may be electrically connected, including in a coupled manner, which is not limited here.Then, the signals input to the input terminal 501 of the second-stage power splitting feed network 80 via the phase shifter 40 are first output into respective signal paths from the output terminal 502 of the second-stage power splitting feed network 80, then the respective signal paths are input to the input terminal 501 of the first-stage power splitting feed network 70, and then the respective signal paths are fed to corresponding radiating units 60 via the respective output terminals 502 of the first-stage power splitting feed network 70, thereby ensuring the driving of the plurality of radiating units 60 and ensuring the application performance of the tunable antenna array.

[0052] In one of the exemplary embodiments, in combination with Fig. 3 to Fig. 10, the first-stage power splitting feed network 70 and the second-stage power splitting feed network 80 each have two output terminals 502. Accordingly, both the first-stage power splitting feed network 70 and the second-stage power splitting feed network 80 are one-to-two power splitting feed networks.

[0053] In combination with Fig. 7 to Fig. 9, the number of the plurality of radiation units 60 is an even number, every two radiation units of the radiation units 60 are each connected to an output terminal 502 of one of the first-stage power splitting feed networks 70.

[0054] In combination with Fig. 7 to Fig. 8, the number of the plurality of radiation units 60 is four, the number of first-stage power splitting feed networks 70 is two, the number of second-stage power splitting feed networks 80 is one, wherein two adjacent radiation units of the radiation units 60 are each connected to an output terminal 502 of one of the first-stage power splitting feed networks 70, other two adjacent radiation units of the radiation units 60 are each connected to an output terminal 502 of another of the first-stage power splitting feed networks 70, the input terminals 501 of the two first-stage power splitting feed networks 70 are each connected to an output terminal 502 of the second-stage power splitting feed network 80.

[0055] Also in combination with Fig. 7, the subarray is provided with four radiation units 60, two first-stage power splitting feed networks 70, one second-stage power splitting feed network 80, and a phase shifter 40. The four radiation units 60 are arranged transversely in the same direction. Two adjacent radiation units 60 are each connected to an output terminal 502 of one first-stage power splitting feed network 70, and two adjacent radiation units 60 are each connected to an output terminal 502 of another first-stage power splitting feed network 70.In a specific implementation, the line length and line width of each output terminal 502 in the respective first-stage power splitting feed networks 70 are the same, thereby ensuring the consistency of the electrical performance of the respective output terminals 502 and improving the application performance of the tunable antenna array. Furthermore, the input terminals 501 of the two first-stage power splitting feed networks 70 are respectively connected to the output terminals 502 of the second-stage power splitting feed network 80. In one of the exemplary embodiments, the input terminals 501 of the two first-stage power splitting feed networks 70 and the output terminals 502 of the second-stage power splitting feed network 80 may each be connected in an electrically interconnected manner.In one of the exemplary embodiments, the input terminals 501 of the two first-stage power splitting feed networks 70 and the output terminals 502 of the second-stage power splitting feed network 80 may each be connected in a coupled manner. The line length and line width of each output terminal 502 in the respective second-stage power splitting feed networks 80 are the same, thereby ensuring the consistency of the electrical power of the respective output terminals 502 and improving the application performance of the tunable antenna array.

[0056] Also in combination with Fig. 8, the subarray is provided with four radiation units 60, two first-stage power splitting feed networks 70, one second-stage power splitting feed network 80, and a phase shifter 40. The four radiation units 60 are arranged in a 2*2 array. In combination with Fig. 9, the number of the plurality of radiation units 60 is four, the number of the first-stage power splitting feed network 70 is one, the number of the second-stage power splitting feed network 80 is one, two adjacent radiation units of the radiation units 60 are each connected to an output terminal 502 of the first-stage power splitting feed network 70, the input terminal 501 of the first-stage power splitting feed network 70 and one of the remaining two radiation units 60 are each connected to an output terminal 502 of the second-stage power splitting feed network 80, another of the remaining two radiation units 60 is directly connected to another phase shifter 40.

[0057] Also in combination with Fig. 9, the subarray is provided with four radiating units 60, a first-stage power splitting feed network 70, a second-stage power splitting feed network 80, and two phase shifters 40. The four radiating units 60 are arranged in a 2*2 array. Two adjacent radiating units are each connected to an output terminal 502 of the first-stage power splitting feed network 70, the input terminal 501 of the first-stage power splitting feed network 70, and one of the remaining two radiating units 60 are each connected to an output terminal 502 of the second-stage power splitting feed network 80.In one of the exemplary embodiments, the input terminal 501 of the first stage power splitting feed network 70 may be electrically connected to one of the output terminals of the second stage power splitting feed network, and one of the remaining two radiating units 60 is connected to the output terminal 502 of the second stage power splitting feed network 80 in a coupled manner.Then, the signals input to the input terminal 501 of the second-stage power splitting network 80 via the phase shifter 40 are input to the input terminal 501 of the first-stage power splitting network 70 and the corresponding radiating unit 60 via the two output terminals 502 of the second-stage power splitting network 80, respectively; then, the signals input to the input terminal 501 of the first-stage power splitting network 70 are input to the corresponding radiating unit 60 via two output terminals 502 of the first-stage power splitting network 70; the radiating unit 60 directly coupled to another phase shifter 40 can directly receive the signals from the other phase shifter.As a result, while saving layout space, a flexible design of the subarray structure can be ensured and the application performance of the adjustable phased array is improved.

[0058] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of the plurality of radiation units is 60 in combination with Fig. 10 an odd number, every two radiation units of the radiation units 60 are each connected to an output terminal 502 of the power splitting feed network 70 of the first stage, the remaining radiation unit 60 is connected to the output terminal 502 of the power splitting feed network 80 of the second stage.

[0059] Also in combination with Fig. 10, the number of the plurality of radiation units 60 is three, the number of first-stage power splitting feed network 70 is one, the number of second-stage power splitting feed network 80 is one, two adjacent radiation units of the radiation units 60 are each connected to an output terminal 502 of the first-stage power splitting feed network 70, the input terminal 501 of the first-stage power splitting feed network 70 and the remaining radiation unit 60 are each connected to an output terminal 502 of the second-stage power splitting feed network 80.

[0060] Also in combination with Fig. 10, the subarray comprises three radiation units 60, a first-stage power splitting injection network 70, a second-stage power splitting injection network 80, and a phase shifter 40. The three radiation units 60 are arranged transversely in the same direction. Two adjacent radiation units 60 are each connected to an output terminal 502 of the first-stage power splitting injection network 70, the input terminal 501 of the first-stage power splitting injection network 70, and the remaining radiation units 60 are each connected to an output terminal 502 of the second-stage power splitting injection network 80.In one of the exemplary embodiments, the input terminal 501 of the first-stage power splitting feed network 70 is electrically connected to one of the output terminals 502 of the second-stage power splitting feed network 80, and the remaining radiating unit 60 is coupled to the output terminal 502 of the second-stage power splitting feed network 80. Furthermore, the input terminal 501 of the second-stage power splitting feed network 80 is coupled to the phase shifter 40.Then, the signals input from the phase shifter 40 to the input terminal 501 of the second-stage power splitting network 80 are input to the corresponding radiation unit 60 and the input terminal 501 of the first-stage power splitting network 70 via the two output terminals 502 of the first-stage power splitting network 80, respectively; and then input to the two corresponding radiation units 60 via the two output terminals 502 of the first-stage power splitting network 70. Thus, while saving layout space, the application performance of the tunable antenna array can be ensured.

[0061] It should be noted that, in the same antenna subarray 30, the thickness of the control line 400 coupled to the phase shifter 40 may be smaller than the thickness of the metal film layers corresponding to the phase shifter 40, the power splitting feed network 50, and the feed line 600; the number of control lines 400 depends on the number of phase shifters 40. Typically, the number of control lines 400 corresponds to the number of phase shifters 40. A control line 400 can provide a drive signal to a corresponding phase shifter 40, thereby adjusting the phase shift degree of the phase shifter 40. Indium tin oxide (ITO) can be used as the material of the control line 400, while ensuring the ability to drive the phase shifter while taking into account the light transmittance of the antenna subarray 30.

[0062] After the arrangement and drive form of the antenna subarray 30 have been determined, a plurality of antenna subarrays 30 can be arranged to form a desired array. For one and the same antenna subarray 30, M antenna subarrays 30 can be extended transversely and N antenna subarrays 30 can be extended vertically, each antenna subarray 30 including Q radiation units 60, so that a large array consisting of M*N antenna subarrays 30 and including M*N*Q radiation units 60 is formed. Furthermore, a plurality of different antenna subarrays 30 can be freely combined into diversely formed large arrays according to actual application needs.

[0063] In one of the exemplary embodiments, the plurality of radiation units 60 are arranged side by side. As in Fig. Figure 11 is one of the schematic diagrams of the top view of the array structure. In this embodiment, the array comprises 3*3 antenna subarrays 30 arranged in an array. Each antenna subarray 30 comprises two adjacently arranged radiating units 60, and the array comprises a total of 3*3*2 radiating units 60.

[0064] In one of the exemplary embodiments, the plurality of radiation units 60 are arranged in an array. As in Fig. Figure 12 is one of the schematic diagrams of the top view of the array structure. In this embodiment, the array includes 3*3 antenna subarrays 30 arranged in an array. Each antenna subarray 30 includes four radiating units 60 arranged in an array.

[0065] In addition to the array arrangement mentioned above, the respective subarrays in the array and the respective radiation units 60 in the antenna subarray 30 can, of course, be arranged according to actual application needs, which will not be described in detail here. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the radiation units 60 constituting the antenna subarray 30 and the array can be provided in different polarized forms. In one of the exemplary embodiments, in combination with Fig. 13 to Fig. 18, the respective radiation units 60 relate to a single-polarization structure with a same polarization direction, wherein the single-polarization structure comprises any of the following: vertical polarization, horizontal polarization, +45° polarization, -45° polarization, right-hand circular polarization, and left-hand circular polarization. An antenna subarray 30 is cited as an example. Fig. Figure 13 shows one of the schematic diagrams of the structure in which both radiation units 60 in a subarray are vertically polarized; Fig. Figure 14 shows one of the schematic diagrams of the structure in which both radiation units 60 in a subarray are horizontally polarized; Fig. Figure 15 shows one of the schematic diagrams of the structure in which both radiation units 60 in a subarray are polarized +45°; Fig. Figure 16 shows one of the schematic diagrams of the structure in which both radiation units 60 are polarized at -45° in a subarray; Fig. Figure 17 shows one of the schematic diagrams of the structure in which both radiation units 60 in a subarray are right-circularly polarized; Fig. Figure 18 shows one of the schematic diagrams of the structure, in which both radiation units 60 in a subarray are left-circularly polarized. The arrows in the figures represent the polarization directions of the corresponding radiation units 60.

[0066] In one of the exemplary embodiments, an antenna subarray 30 is mentioned as an example, in combination with Fig. 19 to Fig. 21, the respective radiation units 60 refer to a double polarization structure with two different polarization directions, the double polarization structure comprising any of the following: vertical and horizontal double polarization, ±45° double polarization, left and right circular double polarization. Here, Fig. 19 one of the schematic diagrams of the structure in which both radiation units 60 in a subarray are double polarized vertically and horizontally; Fig. Figure 20 shows one of the schematic diagrams of the structure in which both radiation units 60 in a subarray are double polarized ±45°; Fig. Figure 21 shows one of the schematic diagrams of the structure in which both radiation units 60 in a subarray are left and right circularly doubly polarized.

[0067] In a specific implementation, the respective radiation units 60 in the tunable antenna array have a dual-polarization structure with two different polarization directions. In one of the exemplary embodiments, the plurality of radiation units 60 comprise a first radiation unit 601 and a second radiation unit 602. The power splitting feed network 50 comprises a first power splitting feed network 90 and a second power splitting feed network 100. The phase shifter 40 comprises a first phase shifter 110 and a second phase shifter 120. The output terminal 502 of the first power splitting feed network 90 is connected to the first radiation unit 601 and the second radiation unit 602, respectively, and the input terminal 501 of the first power splitting feed network 90 is connected to the first phase shifter 110 via a first feed line 130.the output terminal 502 of the second power splitting feed network 100 is connected to the first radiation unit 601 and the second radiation unit 602, respectively, and the input terminal 501 of the second power splitting feed network 100 is connected to the second phase shifter 120 via a second feed line 140.

[0068] In one of the exemplary embodiments, the input terminal 501 of the first power splitting feed network 90 is electrically connected to the first phase shifter 110 via the first feed line 130, and the second input terminal 501 of the second power splitting feed network 100 is electrically connected to the second phase shifter 120 via the second feed line 140. In one of the exemplary embodiments, the input terminal 501 of the first power splitting feed network 90 is coupled to the first phase shifter 110 via the first feed line 130, and the second input terminal 501 of the second power splitting feed network 100 is coupled to the second phase shifter 120 via the second feed line 140.In one of the exemplary embodiments, the input terminal 501 of the first power splitting feed network 90 is electrically connected to the first phase shifter 110 via the first feed line 130 in a coupled manner, and the second input terminal 501 of the second power splitting feed network 100 is electrically connected to the second phase shifter 120 via the second feed line 140. Of course, the connection method between a power splitting feed network and a corresponding phase shifter can be adjusted according to actual application needs, which is not limited here.

[0069] Also in combination with Fig. 19 to Fig. 21, the antenna subarray 30 in the tunable antenna array is provided with two radiating units including a first radiating unit 601 and a second radiating unit 60, two power splitting feed networks including the first power splitting feed network 90 and the second power splitting feed network 100, two phase shifters including the first phase shifter 110 and the second phase shifter 120.Coupling relationships between the respective units in the subarray may be that the output terminals 502 of the first power splitting feed network 90 are respectively coupled to the first radiating unit 601 and the second radiating unit 602, the input terminal 501 of the first power splitting feed network 90 may be connected to the first phase shifter 110 via the first feed line 130, the output terminals 502 of the second power splitting feed network 100 may be respectively coupled to the first radiating unit 601 and the second radiating unit 602, and the input terminal 501 of the second power splitting feed network 100 is connected to the second phase shifter 120 via the second feed line 140.Even if it is a subarray consisting of a dual polarization structure, the entire subarray then requires a total of two power splitting injection networks and two phase shifters, thus saving the layout space.

[0070] The according to Fig. 19 to Fig. 21, the first phase shifter 110, the first feed line 130, the first power splitting feed network 90, the second phase shifter 120, the second feed line 140, and the second power splitting feed network 100 are made of metal film patterns located on one and the same substrate, on a same layer and with a same thickness. The material of the metal film layer can be copper (Cu), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), or the like. As a result, the production cost of the subarray is reduced and the production efficiency of the tunable antenna array is increased. As shown in Fig. 22, it is one of the schematic diagrams of a cross-sectional structure that can be used with any structure in Fig. 19 to Fig. 21 corresponds; as in Fig. 23, it is one of the schematic diagrams of a cross-sectional structure that can be used with any structure in Fig. 19 to Fig. 21. In one of the exemplary embodiments, in combination with Fig. 22, the respective unit coupled to the first radiation unit 601 and the respective unit coupled to the second radiation unit 602 are structurally symmetrically arranged. Accordingly, the structural parameters of the first phase shifter 110 and the second phase shifter 120, including the line width and line length, are the same; the structural parameters of the first feed line 130 and the second feed line 140 on the same substrate, including the line width and line length, are the same; the structural parameters of the first power splitting feed network 90 and the second power splitting feed network 100 on the same substrate, including the line width and line length, are the same.

[0071] In one of the exemplary embodiments, in combination with Fig. 23, the respective unit coupled to the first radiation unit 601 and the respective unit coupled to the second radiation unit 602 are structurally arranged asymmetrically. Accordingly, the structural parameters of units with the same power corresponding to the respective radiation units may be different. For example, the structural parameters of the first feed line 130 and the second feed line 140 on the same substrate, including the line width and the line length, are different. As shown in Fig. 23, the line width of the first feed line 130 is smaller than the line width of the second feed line 140.

[0072] In one of the exemplary embodiments, as in Fig. 24, the tunable antenna array provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure may be a reflection-type antenna array. Specifically, the tunable antenna array includes a ground electrode 150 located on a side of the first substrate 10 facing away from the second substrate 20, wherein orthographic projections of the respective radiation unit on the first substrate 10 fall entirely within the circumference of the orthographic projection of the ground electrode 150 on the first substrate 10, so that an electromagnetic wave signal received by the tunable antenna array on the side of the second substrate 20 facing away from the first substrate 10 is reflected by the ground electrode 150 from the same side. Also in combination with Fig. 4, an electromagnetic wave signal received by the tunable antenna array on the side of the second substrate 20 facing away from the first substrate 10 is reflected from the same side due to the ground electrode 150 located on the side of the first substrate 20 facing away from the second substrate 20. The direction indicated by the arrow indicates the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave signal. Therefore, the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave signal can be adjusted according to actual application needs, thereby improving the application performance of the tunable antenna array.

[0073] In one of the exemplary embodiments, the tunable antenna array provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure may be a transmission-type antenna array. Specifically, the antenna pattern further includes another subpattern located on a side of the first substrate 10 remote from the second substrate 20. The orthographic projections of the other subpattern and the subpattern on the first substrate 10 at least partially overlap, so that an electromagnetic wave signal received by the tunable antenna array on the side of the second substrate 20 remote from the first substrate 10 is transmitted from the side of the first substrate 10 remote from the second substrate 20.In a specific implementation, the antenna pattern further comprises another subpattern located on a side of the first substrate 10 facing away from the second substrate 20, the orthographic projections of the other subpattern and the subpattern located on a side of the second substrate 20 facing away from the first substrate 10 on the first substrate 10 at least partially overlap. As . Fig. 25 is one of the schematic diagrams of a cross-sectional structure of a tunable antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The figure shows a case where the other partial pattern and the partial pattern in the antenna pattern completely overlap, and the direction indicated by the arrow indicates the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave signal. Therefore, an electromagnetic wave signal received by the tunable antenna array on the side of the second substrate 20 opposite the first substrate 10 can be transmitted from the side of the first substrate 10 opposite the second substrate 20, thereby improving the transmission performance of the tunable antenna array.

[0074] Of course, in addition to the above-mentioned reflection-type antenna array and transmission-type antenna array, the tunable antenna array may also be a tunable phased array antenna array. Of course, depending on the actual application needs, the tunable antenna array may be configured in other ways, which are not limited here.

[0075] It should be noted that the phase shifter in the tunable antenna array comprises multiple phase shifter units that do not overlap each other on one and the same substrate, each phase shifter unit comprising: a first electrode provided on a side of the first substrate 10 facing the second substrate 20; a second electrode provided on a side of the second substrate 20 facing the first substrate 10; and a middle medium layer 160 between the first electrode and the second electrode. The materials of the first electrode and the second electrode may be the same or different. For example, the material of the first electrode may be indium tin oxide (ITO), copper (Cu), or silver (Ag), or the like, and the material of the second electrode may be indium tin oxide (ITO), copper (Cu), or silver (Ag), or the like.Different materials have different conductivity rates and also different losses. In practical applications, the materials of the first electrode and the second electrode can be selected depending on the actual requirements for the degree of phase shift of the phase shifter 40, which is not limited here. In one of the exemplary embodiments, the middle medium layer 160 can be a liquid crystal layer, and the corresponding phase shifter 40 is a liquid crystal phase shifter. The liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer can be positive liquid crystal molecules or negative liquid crystal molecules, which is not limited here. Furthermore, an insulating layer 170 is provided on both a side of the middle medium layer 160 close to the first substrate 10 and the side close to the second substrate 20.The insulating layer 170 may be SiN or SiO, which is not limited here. This effectively prevents the erosion of the affected film layers in the tunable antenna array by external water and oxygen, and improves the application performance of the tunable antenna array.

[0076] In the case where the middle medium layer 160 in the phase shifter 40 is a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer may also be provided in advance so that the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are inclined at a preset angle. After the driving electrode is charged to a respective electrode via the control line 400, the dielectric constant adjustment efficiency of the liquid crystal layer is subsequently improved, thereby increasing the phase shift efficiency. Of course, other film layers of the tunable antenna array may also be provided according to actual application needs. For details, reference may be made to the specific technical implementation in the relevant prior art, which will not be discussed in detail here.

[0077] Based on the same concept of revelation as in Fig.26, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device comprising: an adjustable antenna array 200 as described above.

[0078] Although the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, those skilled in the art will be able to make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they become familiar with the basic inventive concepts. The appended claims are therefore intended to be interpreted to encompass the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0079] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, if these modifications and variations of the present disclosure fall within the scope of the claims of the present disclosure and their equivalent technology, the present disclosure is intended to encompass these modifications and variations.

Claims

[1] Adjustable antenna array comprising: a first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite one another, and multiple antenna subarrays arranged in an array; wherein at least a portion of the plurality of antenna subarrays comprises a phase shifter, a power splitting feed network, and a plurality of radiating units; the phase shifter and the power splitting feed network are located between the first substrate and the second substrate; at least a portion of the plurality of radiating units is connected to the phase shifter via the power splitting feed network, the antenna patterns corresponding to the plurality of radiating units comprise at least a partial pattern on a side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate, the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the power splitting feed network on the first substrate is smaller than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the phase shifter on the first substrate. [2] The antenna array according to claim 1, wherein an input terminal of the power splitting feed network is connected to the phase shifter, a plurality of output terminals of the power splitting feed network are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the corresponding radiation units, respectively. [3] The antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the number of said plurality of radiation units is not less than three, the number of said power division feed networks is not less than two, the number of output terminals of the respective power division feed networks is less than the number of said plurality of radiation units. [4] An antenna array according to claim 2 or 3, wherein in one of the power splitting feed networks the line length and line width of the respective output terminals are the same. [5] The antenna array of claim 3, wherein the number of output terminals of the respective power splitting feed networks is the same. [6] The antenna array according to claim 5, wherein the power splitting feed network comprises a first stage power splitting feed network and a second stage power splitting feed network, an output terminal of the first stage power splitting feed network is connected to the plurality of radiating units, an input terminal of the first stage power splitting feed network is connected to an output terminal of the second stage power splitting feed network, an input terminal of the second stage power splitting feed network is connected to the phase shifter. [7] The antenna array of claim 6, wherein the first stage power splitting feed network and the second stage power splitting feed network each have two output terminals. [8] The antenna array according to claim 7, wherein the number of the plurality of radiation units is an even number, every two radiation units of the radiation units are each connected to an output terminal of one of the power splitting feed networks of the first stage. [9] The antenna array according to claim 8, wherein the number of the plurality of radiation units is four, the number of the first-stage power splitting feed network is two, the number of the second-stage power splitting feed network is one, two adjacent radiation units of the radiation units are each connected to an output terminal of one of the first-stage power splitting feed networks, other two adjacent radiation units of the radiation units are each connected to an output terminal of another of the first-stage power splitting feed networks, the input terminals of the two first-stage power splitting feed networks are each connected to an output terminal of the second-stage power splitting feed network. [10] The antenna array according to claim 8, wherein the number of the plurality of radiation units is four, the number of the first-stage power splitting feed network is one, the number of the second-stage power splitting feed network is one, two adjacent radiation units of the radiation units are each connected to an output terminal of the first-stage power splitting feed network, the input terminal of the first-stage power splitting feed network and one of the remaining two radiation units are each connected to an output terminal of the second-stage power splitting feed network, another of the remaining two radiation units is directly connected to another phase shifter. [11] The antenna array according to claim 7, wherein the number of the plurality of radiating units is an odd number, every two radiating units of the radiating units are each connected to an output terminal of the first-stage power splitting feed network, the remaining radiating unit is connected to the output terminal of the second-stage power splitting feed network. [12] The antenna array according to claim 11, wherein the number of the plurality of radiation units is three, the number of the first-stage power splitting feed network is one, the number of the second-stage power splitting feed network is one, two adjacent radiation units of the radiation units are each connected to an output terminal of the first-stage power splitting feed network, the input terminal of the first-stage power splitting feed network and the remaining radiation unit are each connected to an output terminal of the second-stage power splitting feed network. [13] Antenna array according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the plurality of radiation units are arranged side by side. [14] The antenna array according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the plurality of radiation units are arranged in an array. [15] The antenna array according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the respective radiating units refer to a single polarization structure having a same polarization direction, the single polarization structure comprising any one of the following: a vertical polarization, a horizontal polarization, a +45° polarization, a -45° polarization, a right-hand circular polarization, and a left-hand circular polarization. [16] Antenna array according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the respective radiating units refer to a dual polarization structure having two different polarization directions, the dual polarization structure comprising any of the following: vertical and horizontal dual polarization, ±45° dual polarization, left and right circular dual polarization. [17] The antenna array according to claim 16, wherein the plurality of radiation units comprise a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit, the power splitting feed network comprises a first power splitting feed network and a second power splitting feed network, the phase shifter comprises a first phase shifter and a second phase shifter, the output terminal of the first power splitting feed network is connected to the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit, respectively, and the input terminal of the first power splitting feed network is connected to the first phase shifter via a first feed line, the output terminal of the second power splitting feed network is connected to the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit, respectively,and the input terminal of the second power splitting feed network is connected to the second phase shifter via a second feed line., [18] The antenna array of claim 17, wherein the first phase shifter, the first feed line, the first power splitting feed network, the second phase shifter, the second feed line and the second power splitting feed network are made of metal film patterns located on one and the same substrate, on a same layer and with a same thickness. [19] Antenna array according to one of claims 1 to 18, further comprising a ground electrode located on a side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate, wherein orthographic projections of the respective radiation unit on the first substrate fall entirely within the circumference of the orthographic projection of the ground electrode on the first substrate, so that an electromagnetic wave signal received by the adjustable antenna array on the side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate is reflected by the ground electrode from the same side. [20] The antenna array according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the antenna pattern further comprises another subpattern located on a side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate, the orthographic projections of the other subpattern and the subpattern on the first substrate at least partially overlapping, so that an electromagnetic wave signal received by the adjustable antenna array on the side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate is transmitted from the side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate. [21] An electronic device comprising: the tunable antenna array according to any one of claims 1-20.

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