Variable reflective surface and solar panel configuration

Abstract

A method for managing a tracking solar panel array and a variable reflective surface is described. The method can receive solar park properties and site properties for the solar park. It can also receive solar panel array properties and variable reflective surface properties for a given array. The method can optimize control parameters for the solar panel array and the variable reflective surface based on the solar park properties, site properties, solar panel array properties, and variable reflective surface properties. The method can adjust the variable reflective surface based on these control parameters.

Description

BACKGROUND

[0001] This disclosure relates generally to solar panels and in particular to solar panel assemblies that use variable four-dimensional printed shape memory reflective surfaces.

[0002] A solar panel is an assembly of multiple photovoltaic cells configured in a frame to generate electrical energy using sunlight. Often referred to as a photovoltaic module, a solar panel comprises an array of photovoltaic cells capable of harnessing the photovoltaic effect to convert the energy of light directly into electricity. Currently, solar panels are approximately 15% to 23% efficient, with tracking solar panels, which can move throughout the day, increasing efficiency by up to 15%. While tracking solar panels increase power generation, a ground cover ratio (GCR) decreases to avoid shading as the panels move to different positions during the day.As a result, the area of ​​the floor space not used for tracking solar panels is larger compared to the area of ​​the floor space for conventional fixed-position solar panels. SUMMARY

[0003] One embodiment of the present invention discloses a method, a computer program, and a computer system for managing a trackable solar panel array and a variable reflective surface, wherein the method, the computer program, and the computer system can receive solar park properties and site properties for the solar park. The method, the computer program, and the computer system can receive solar panel array properties and properties of a variable reflective surface. The method, the computer program, and the computer system can optimize control parameters for the solar panel array and the variable reflective surface based on the solar park properties, the site properties, the solar panel array properties, and the properties of the variable reflective surface.The process, the computer program product, and the computer system can adjust the variable reflective surface based on the control parameters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DIFFERENT VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. Figure 1 is a functional block diagram illustrating a computing environment according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. Figure 2A shows a side view of a tracking solar panel and a variable reflective surface in a first exemplary configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. Figure 2B shows a side view of a tracking solar panel and a variable reflective surface in a second exemplary configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. Figure 2C shows a side view of a tracking solar panel and a variable reflective surface in a third exemplary configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. Figure 3 represents a process flow for a solar power configuration program for managing a tracking solar panel configuration and a configuration of a variable reflective surface according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. Figure 4 shows a flowchart for a solar power configuration program for setting a tracking solar panel and a variable reflective surface according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0004] According to one aspect of the invention, a computer-implemented method is provided that includes receiving solar park properties and site properties for the solar park. The computer-implemented method further includes receiving solar panel array properties and variable reflective surface properties for a variable reflective surface. The computer-implemented method further includes optimizing control parameters for the solar panel array and the variable reflective surface based on the solar park properties, the site properties, the solar panel array properties, and the properties of the variable reflective surface. The computer-implemented method further includes adjusting the variable reflective surface based on the control parameters.A general technical advantage involves optimizing energy production by a solar panel array through the use of a variable reflective surface, where the computer-implemented method adjusts the variable reflective surface to optimize the energy produced by the solar panel array.

[0005] In some embodiments, the computer-implemented method may further include adjusting the solar panel array based on the control parameters. A general technical advantage of this optional feature is the optimization of energy production by the computer-implemented method, which adjusts the solar panel array to optimize the amount of light captured by the variable reflecting surface and reflected back towards the solar panel array.

[0006] In some embodiments, the computer-implemented method for adjusting the variable reflective surface based on the control parameters may further include supplying heat via an electric current to a four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface, the heat changing a shape of the variable reflective surface. A general technical advantage of this optional feature further includes optimizing energy generation through the computer-implemented method, which supplies an electric current using energy captured by the solar panel array to heat and change a shape of the variable reflective surface. This results in an energy-autonomous solar panel array and variable reflective surface.

[0007] In some embodiments, the computer-implemented method for adjusting the solar panel array based on the control parameters may further include actuating a motor to tilt a solar cell within the array. A general technical advantage of this optional feature is the optimization of energy production through the computer-implemented method that actuates a motor to position a solar cell, thereby optimizing the amount of light captured by the variable reflecting surface and reflected toward the solar panel array.

[0008] In some embodiments, the computer-implemented method may further include solar park characteristics such as the solar panel layout and ground cover ratio. A general technical advantage of this optional feature is the ability to define solar park characteristics to optimize energy production through the computer-implemented method.

[0009] In some embodiments, the computer-implemented method may further include site characteristics such as geolocation for the solar park, terrain topography for geolocation, irradiance observations for geolocation at a variety of time values, and a wind profile for geolocation. A general technical advantage of this optional feature is the ability to define site characteristics for optimizing energy production through the computer-implemented method.

[0010] In some embodiments, the computer-implemented method may further include solar panel array properties that incorporate tracking angle constraints, and the variable reflective surface properties may include shape memory profiles for a four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface. A general technical advantage of this optional feature further includes the ability to define solar panel array properties to optimize energy generation through the computer-implemented method.

[0011] According to one aspect of the invention, a computer program product is provided that includes one or more computer-readable storage media and program instructions stored on at least one of the storage media for receiving solar park properties and site properties for the solar park. The computer program product further includes program instructions stored on at least one of the storage media for receiving solar panel array properties and variable reflective surface properties.The computer program product further includes program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media to optimize control parameters for the solar panel array and the variable reflecting surface based on the solar park characteristics, the site characteristics, the solar panel array characteristics, and the characteristics of the variable reflecting surface. The computer program product further includes program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media to adjust the variable reflecting surface based on the control parameters.A general technical advantage involves optimizing energy production by a solar panel array through the use of a variable reflective surface, with the computer program product including program instructions to adjust the variable reflective surface in order to optimize the energy produced by the solar panel array.

[0012] In some embodiments, the computer program product may further include program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media to adjust the solar panel array based on the control parameters. A general technical advantage of this optional feature further involves optimizing energy production by the computer program product, which includes program instructions to adjust the solar panel array to optimize the amount of light captured by the variable reflecting surface that reflects light toward the solar panel array.

[0013] In some embodiments, the computer program product may further include program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media to adjust the variable reflective surface based on the control parameters, and program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media to provide heat, via an electric current, to a four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface, wherein the heat changes a shape of the variable reflective surface.A further general technical advantage of this optional feature is the optimization of energy generation through the computer program, which includes program instructions to provide an electrical current from the energy captured by the solar panel array to heat and modify a variable reflective surface. This results in an energy-autonomous solar panel array and variable reflective surface.

[0014] In some embodiments, the computer program product may include program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media to adjust the solar panel array based on the control parameters, and further program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media to actuate a motor to tilt a solar cell of a solar panel array. A general technical advantage of this optional feature further involves optimizing energy generation through the program instructions of the computer program product to actuate a motor to position a solar cell in order to optimize the amount of light captured by the variable reflecting surface that reflects the light toward the solar panel array.

[0015] In some embodiments, the computer program product may further include solar park characteristics, such as the solar panel layout and ground cover ratio for the solar park. A general technical advantage of this optional feature is the ability to define solar park characteristics to optimize energy production through the program instructions of the computer program product.

[0016] In some embodiments, the computer program product may further include site features such as geolocation for the solar park, terrain topography for geolocation, irradiance observations for geolocation at a variety of time values, and a wind profile for geolocation. A general technical advantage of this optional feature is the ability to define site features to optimize energy production through the program instructions of the computer program product.

[0017] In some embodiments, the computer program product may further include solar panel array properties that incorporate tracking angle constraints, and the variable reflective surface properties may include shape memory profiles for a four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface. A general technical advantage of this optional feature further includes the ability to define solar panel array properties to optimize energy production through the program instructions of the computer program product.

[0018] According to one aspect of the invention, a computer system is provided comprising one or more processors, one or more computer-readable memories, and one or more computer-readable storage media and program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media for execution by at least one of the one or more processors via at least one of the one or more memories in order to receive solar park characteristics and site characteristics for the solar park.The computer system further includes program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media for execution by at least one of the one or more processors via at least one of the one or more memories, in order to receive solar panel array properties for a solar panel array and properties of a variable reflective surface for a variable reflective surface.The computer system further includes program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media for execution by at least one of the one or more processors via at least one of the one or more memories, in order to optimize control parameters for the solar panel array and the variable reflective surface based on the solar park characteristics, the site characteristics, the solar panel array characteristics, and the characteristics of the variable reflective surface. The computer system further includes program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media for execution by at least one of the one or more processors via at least one of the one or more memories, in order to adjust the variable reflective surface based on the control parameters.A general technical advantage involves optimizing energy production by a solar panel array through the use of a variable reflective surface, with the computer system including program instructions to adjust the variable reflective surface in order to optimize the energy produced by the solar panel array.

[0019] In some embodiments, the computer system may further include program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media for execution by at least one of the one or more processors via at least one of the one or more memories to adjust the solar panel array based on the control parameters. A general technical advantage of this optional feature further includes the optimization of energy generation by the computer system, which includes program instructions to adjust the solar panel array to optimize the amount of light captured by the variable reflective surface that reflects the light toward the solar panel array.

[0020] In some embodiments, the computer system may include program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media for execution by at least one of the one or more processors via at least one of the one or more memories to adjust the variable reflective surface based on the control parameters, and further include program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media for execution by at least one of the one or more processors via at least one of the one or more memories to provide heat, via an electric current, to a four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface, wherein the heat changes a shape of the variable reflective surface.A further general technical advantage of this optional feature involves optimizing energy generation through the computer system, which includes program instructions to provide an electrical current from the energy captured by the solar panel array to heat and modify a variable reflective surface. This results in an energy-autonomous solar panel array and variable reflective surface.

[0021] In some embodiments, the computer system may include program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media for execution by at least one of the one or more processors via at least one of the one or more memories to adjust the solar panel arrangement based on the control parameters, and further program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media for execution by at least one of the one or more processors via at least one of the one or more memories to actuate a motor to tilt a solar cell of a solar panel arrangement.A further general technical advantage of this optional feature is the optimization of energy generation through the computer system's program instructions to operate a motor to position a solar cell in order to optimize the amount of light captured by the variable reflective surface, which reflects the light towards the solar panel array.

[0022] In some embodiments, the computer system can further include solar park properties, such as the solar panel layout and ground cover ratio. A general technical advantage of this optional feature is the ability to define solar park properties to optimize energy production through the computer system's program instructions.

[0023] In some embodiments, the computer system can further include site properties such as geolocation for the solar park, terrain topography for geolocation, irradiance observations for geolocation at a variety of time values, and a wind profile for geolocation. A general technical advantage of this optional feature is the ability to define site properties to optimize energy production through the computer system's program instructions.

[0024] Detailed embodiments of the claimed structures and methods are disclosed herein; however, it is understood that the disclosed embodiments merely illustrate the claimed structures and methods, which can be implemented in various forms. This invention can, however, be implemented in many different forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein. Details of generally known features and techniques may be omitted from the description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the embodiments presented. It is understood that the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural references unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.Thus, for example, referring to "a component surface" includes referring to one or more such surfaces, unless the context clearly specifies otherwise.

[0025] Embodiments of the present invention use flexible plates of variable reflective material to cover unused ground area between solar panel assemblies in a solar park, wherein the variable reflective material is embedded with four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy strips to control a cross-sectional area (i.e., shape) or topography of the variable reflective material. Controlling the cross-sectional area or topography of the variable reflective material enables a reflective surface of the variable reflective material to direct sunlight toward one or more solar cells on the solar panel assembly.Embodiments of the present invention use a combination of the sun's position, predicted irradiance profiles, reflected solar irradiance profiles, and predicted shadow profiles, together with properties of the four-dimensionally printed shape-memory alloy material embedded in the reflective material, to determine an optimal tracking angle of the solar panel assembly and an optimal cross-sectional area or topography of the variable reflective material. The optimal tracking angle of the solar panel assembly and an optimal cross-sectional area or topography of the variable reflective material enable embodiments of the present invention to maximize the aggregate power generation per unit area for the solar park.

[0026] Embodiments of the present invention optimize the trade-off between energy gain or loss when adjusting the tracking angle of the solar panel assembly and the energy gain or loss when adjusting the cross-sectional area or topography of the variable reflective material for a predicted time horizon by considering properties of four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloys and control constraints (i.e., minimum and maximum positions). Wind profiles are used to adjust the cross-sectional area or topography of the variable reflective material and / or to set a tracking angle for the solar panel assemblies in order to channel cooling to solar cells on the solar panel based on known and expected wind flow patterns.By channeling the cooling wind flow, embodiments of the present invention generate more energy with increased efficiency while extending the expected lifetime of the solar panel assembly. An additional cooling fan, positioned near or coupled to the solar panel assembly or the variable reflective material, can provide additional cooling to maintain the increased efficiency.

[0027] Various aspects of the present disclosure are described by descriptive text, flowcharts, computer system block diagrams, and / or machine logic block diagrams contained in computer program product (CPP) execution forms. With respect to any flowchart, the operations may be performed in a different order than shown in a given flowchart, depending on the technology involved. For example, again depending on the technology involved, two operations shown in successive flowchart blocks may be performed in reverse order, as a single integrated step, concurrently, or in a manner that overlaps at least partially in time.

[0028] A computer program product execution form (“CPP execution form” or “CPP”) is a term used in this disclosure to describe any set of one or more storage media (also called “media”) that are collectively contained in a set of one or more storage devices that collectively contain machine-readable code corresponding to instructions and / or data for performing computer operations specified in a given CPP claim. A “storage device” is any physical device capable of retaining and storing instructions for use by a computer processor.Without limitation, the computer-readable storage medium can be an electronic storage medium, a magnetic storage medium, an optical storage medium, an electromagnetic storage medium, a semiconductor storage medium, a mechanical storage medium, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Some known types of storage devices containing these media include: floppy disk, hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static random access memory (SRAM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD), memory stick, floppy disk, mechanically coded device (such as punched cards or pits / lands formed in a primary surface of a disk), or any suitable combination of the foregoing.A computer-readable storage medium, as this term is used in the present disclosure, is not to be understood as a storage medium in the form of transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through a waveguide, light pulses traveling through a fiber optic cable, electrical signals communicated through a wire, and / or other transmission media. As the person skilled in the art will understand, data is typically moved at some occasional times during normal operations of a storage device, such as during access, defragmentation, or data cleanup, but this does not make the storage device transitory, since the data is not transitory while it is being stored.

[0029] Fig. Figure 1 is a functional block diagram illustrating a computational environment, generally designated by 100, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. Figure 1 merely provides an illustration of one implementation and does not imply any limitations regarding the environments in which different embodiments may be implemented. Many modifications to the illustrated environment can be made by a person skilled in the art without deviating from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

[0030] The computing environment 100 contains an example of an environment for executing at least part of the computer code involved in carrying out the methods according to the invention, such as the solar energy configuration program 400. In addition to the block 400, the computing environment 100 includes, for example, a computer 101, a wide area network (WAN) 102, an end device (EUD) 103, a remote server 104, a public cloud 105, and a private cloud 106.In this embodiment, the computer 101 includes a processor set 110 (including a processing circuit 120 and a cache memory 121), a communication structure 111, volatile memory 112, persistent memory 113 (including an operating system 122 and block 400, as identified above), a peripheral device set 114 (including a user interface (UI) device set 123, memory 124, and an Internet of Things (IoT) sensor set 125), and a network module 115. The remote server 104 includes a remote database 130. The public cloud 105 includes a gateway 140, a cloud orchestration module 141, a physical host machine set 142, a virtual machine set 143, and a container set 144.

[0031] Computer 101 can take the form of a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a smartphone, a smartwatch or other portable computer, a mainframe computer, a quantum computer, or any other form of computer or mobile device currently known or to be developed in the future, capable of executing a program, accessing a network, or querying a database, such as the remote database 130. As is well known in the field of computer technology, the execution of a computer-implemented procedure can be distributed across multiple computers and / or locations, depending on the technology. However, the detailed discussion in this description of Computing Environment 100 focuses on a single computer, specifically Computer 101, to keep the presentation as simple as possible.Computer 101 can be located in a cloud, even if it is in . Fig. 1 is not shown in a cloud. On the other hand, it is not necessary for computer 101 to be located in a cloud, except to the extent expressly stated.

[0032] The processor set 110 comprises one or more computer processors of any type currently known or to be developed in the future. The processing circuitry 120 may be distributed across multiple packages, for example, multiple coordinate integrated circuit chips. The processing circuitry 120 may implement multiple processor threads and / or multiple processor cores. The cache memory 121 is memory located within the processor chip package(s) and is typically used for data or code that should be readily available for fast access by the threads or cores running on the processor set 110. Cache memories are typically organized into multiple levels depending on their relative proximity to the processing circuitry. Alternatively, some or all of the processor set's cache memory may be located off-chip.In some computing environments, the 110 processor set may be designed to work with qubits and perform quantum calculations.

[0033] Computer-readable program instructions are typically loaded onto the computer 101 to cause a series of operational steps to be performed by the processor set 110 of the computer 101, thereby effecting a computer-implemented method such that the instructions executed in this way instantiate the methods specified in flowcharts and / or descriptive representations of computer-implemented methods contained in this document (collectively referred to as "the methods according to the invention"). These computer-readable program instructions are stored in various types of computer-readable storage media, such as the cache memory 121 and the other storage media discussed below. The processor set 110 accesses the program instructions and the associated data to initiate and control the execution of the methods according to the invention.In the computing environment 100, at least some of the instructions for carrying out the methods according to the invention can be stored in block 400 in a persistent memory 113.

[0034] The communication structure 111 is the signal path that allows the various components of the computer 101 to communicate with each other. Typically, this structure consists of switches and electrically conductive paths, such as those forming buses, bridges, physical input / output connectors, and the like. Other types of signal communication paths may be used, such as fiber optic communication paths and / or wireless communication paths.

[0035] The volatile memory 112 is any type of volatile memory currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples include dynamic random-access memory (RAM) or static RAM. Typically, the volatile memory 112 is characterized by random access, but this is not required unless explicitly stated. In the computer 101, the volatile memory 112 is contained in a single enclosure and is located internally within the computer 101, but alternatively or additionally, the volatile memory may be distributed across multiple enclosures and / or be located externally with respect to the computer 101.

[0036] Persistent memory 113 is any form of non-volatile memory for computers that is currently known or may be developed in the future. The non-volatile nature of this memory means that the stored data is maintained regardless of whether power is supplied to the computer 101 and / or directly to the persistent memory 113. Persistent memory 113 can be read-only memory (ROM), but typically at least a portion of the persistent memory allows data to be written, erased, and rewritten. Some known forms of persistent memory include magnetic disks and solid-state storage devices. The operating system 122 can take several forms, such as various well-known proprietary operating systems or open-source portable operating system interface (OPE) operating systems that use a kernel.The code contained in block 400 typically comprises at least a portion of the computer code involved in carrying out the methods according to the invention.

[0037] The peripheral set 114 comprises the set of peripheral devices of the computer 101. Data communication links between the peripheral devices and the other components of the computer 101 can be implemented in various ways, such as Bluetooth connections, near-field communication (NFC) connections, connections made by cables (such as Universal Serial Bus (USB) type cables), insertion-type connections (for example, a secure digital (SD) card), connections made by local area networks, and even connections made by wide area networks such as the Internet. In various embodiments, the UI device set 123 can include components such as a display screen, a speaker, a microphone, wearable devices (such as glasses and smartwatches), a keyboard, a mouse, a printer, a touchpad, game controllers, and haptic devices.Memory 124 is external storage, such as an external hard drive, or insertable storage, such as an SD card. Memory 124 can be persistent and / or volatile. In some embodiments, memory 124 can take the form of a quantum computing storage device for storing data in the form of qubits. In embodiments where computer 101 requires a large amount of memory (for example, when computer 101 stores and manages a large database locally), this memory can be provided by peripheral storage devices designed to store very large amounts of data, such as a storage area network (SAN) shared by multiple geographically distributed computers. The IoT sensor set 125 consists of sensors that can be used in Internet of Things applications.For example, one sensor could be a thermometer and another sensor could be a motion detector.

[0038] The network module 115 is the collection of computer software, hardware, and firmware that enables the computer 101 to communicate with other computers over the WAN 102. The network module 115 may include hardware such as modems or Wi-Fi signal transceivers, software for packetizing and / or depackaging data for communication network transmission, and / or web browser software for communicating data over the Internet. In some embodiments, the network control and network forwarding functions of the network module 115 are performed on the same physical hardware device. In other embodiments (for example, embodiments that utilize software-defined networking (SDN)), the control and forwarding functions of the network module 115 are performed on physically separate devices, so that the control functions manage multiple different network hardware devices.Computer-readable program instructions for carrying out the methods according to the invention can typically be downloaded from an external computer or an external storage device to the computer 101 via a network adapter card or network interface included in the network module 115.

[0039] The WAN 102 is any wide area network (for example, the Internet) capable of communicating computer data over non-local distances using any computer data communication technology currently known or to be developed in the future. In some embodiments, the WAN 102 can be replaced and / or supplemented by local area networks (LANs) designed to communicate data between devices located within a local area, such as a Wi-Fi network. The WAN and / or LANs typically include computer hardware such as copper transmission cables, optical transmission fibers, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and edge servers.

[0040] The end-user device (EUD) 103 is any computer system used and controlled by an end-user (for example, a customer of a company operating computer 101) and can take any of the forms discussed above in connection with computer 101. The EUD 103 typically receives helpful and useful data from the operations of computer 101. For example, in a hypothetical case where computer 101 is designed to provide a recommendation to an end-user, this recommendation would typically be communicated from computer 101's network module 115 to the EUD 103 via the WAN 102. In this way, the EUD 103 can display or otherwise present the recommendation to an end-user. In some embodiments, the EUD 103 can be a client device, such as a thin client, a heavy client, a mainframe computer, a desktop computer, and so on.

[0041] Remote Server 104 is any computer system that provides at least some data and / or functionality to Computer 101. Remote Server 104 can be controlled and used by the same entity that operates Computer 101. Remote Server 104 represents the machine(s) that collect and store helpful and useful data for use by other computers, such as Computer 101. For example, in a hypothetical case where Computer 101 is designed and programmed to provide a recommendation based on historical data, this historical data can be provided to Computer 101 from Remote Server 104's remote database 130.

[0042] The public cloud 105 is any computing system available for use by multiple entities, providing on-demand availability of computing system resources and / or other computing capabilities, particularly data storage (cloud storage) and computing power, without direct active management by the user. Cloud computing typically utilizes the sharing of resources to achieve coherence and economies of scale. The direct and active management of the computing resources of the public cloud 105 is performed by the computer hardware and / or software of the cloud orchestration module 141.The computing resources provided by the public cloud 105 are typically implemented through virtual computing environments running on various computers that comprise the physical host machine set 142, which is the universe of physical computers in and / or available to the public cloud 105. The virtual computing environments (VCEs) typically take the form of virtual machines from the virtual machine set 143 and / or containers from the container set 144. It is understood that these VCEs can be stored as images and transferred between the various physical machine hosts, either as images or after VCE instantiation. The cloud orchestration module 141 manages the transfer and storage of images, deploys new VCE instantiations, and manages active VCE deployment instantiations.The Gateway 140 is the collection of computer software, hardware and firmware that enables the public cloud 105 to communicate over the WAN 102.

[0043] Another explanation for virtualized computing environments (VCEs) is now provided. VCEs can be stored as "images." A new active instance of the VCE can be instantiated from the image. Two well-known types of VCEs are virtual machines and containers. A container is a VCE that uses operating system-level virtualization. This refers to an operating system feature where the kernel allows the existence of multiple isolated user-space instances, called containers. These isolated user-space instances typically behave like real computers from the perspective of programs running within them. A computer program running on a conventional operating system can utilize all of that computer's resources, such as connected devices, files and folders, shared network resources, CPU power, and quantifiable hardware capabilities.However, programs running in a container can only use the contents of the container and devices assigned to the container, a feature known as containerization.

[0044] Private Cloud 106 is similar to Public Cloud 105, except that the computing resources are available for use by a single organization. While Private Cloud 106 is depicted as communicating with the WAN 102, in other implementations a private cloud may be completely isolated from the internet and accessible only via a local / private network. A hybrid cloud is a composition of multiple clouds of different types (for example, private, community, or public), often implemented by different vendors. Each of the multiple clouds remains a separate and discrete entity, but the larger hybrid cloud architecture is bound together by standardized or proprietary technology that enables orchestration, management, and / or data / application portability between the multiple constituent clouds.In this embodiment, the public cloud 105 and the private cloud 106 are both part of a larger hybrid cloud.

[0045] Fig. Figure 2A shows a side view of a trackable solar panel and a variable reflective surface in a first exemplary configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a section of the solar park 200 includes the solar panel assembly 202A and the solar panel assembly 202B, wherein a ground surface between the solar panel assembly 202A and 202B is covered in the variable reflective surface 204, which is embedded with strips of four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy material. The four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy material is a shape memory material that can be modified by the influence of an external factor, including humidity, temperature, light, voltage, and / or any other environmental stimuli.In this embodiment, the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy material is embedded in the reflective material, wherein changes to the shape of the four-dimensionally printed material cause the reflective material to conform to the shape of the modified four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy material. The shape of the embedded strips can be modified to make the reflective material surface a flexible material, allowing a surface topography profile to be changed based on the sun's position to reflect maximum direct and diffuse irradiance, as in the [reference]. Fig. 2B and Fig. 2C illustrates this. In another embodiment, the reflective material is arranged on the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy material, wherein changes to a shape of the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy material are transferred to the reflective material arranged on the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy material.

[0046] As the sun moves along the solar path 206, the solar power configuration program 400 uses a known location for the solar park 200 and a known solar path 206, based on the known location and a time of year, to determine the solar irradiance, shadow profiles for the solar panel assembly 202A and 202B, and the direct and indirect diffuse irradiance for the various positions of the sun along the solar path 206. Based on the above determinations, the solar power configuration program 400 sets up the solar panel assembly 202A and 202B together with the variable reflecting surface 204. The light beam 208 represents a direct solar path generated by the sun at a current position along the solar path 206.In this embodiment, the solar panel assemblies 202A and 202B are angled perpendicular to the light beam 208 to maximize efficiency during peak sunlight hours. One solar panel of each solar panel assemblies 202A and 202B is pivotally mounted at one end to allow a varying angle between a top surface of the solar panel and a base of each solar panel assemblies 202A and 202B. Based on the determined solar irradiance, shadow profiles for the solar panel assemblies 202A and 202B, and the direct and indirect diffuse irradiance for the sun at the current position, the solar power configuration program 400 sets the reflective surface 204 to a retracted configuration, since the reflective surface 204 is not required to provide additional light reflection to maximize the efficiency of the solar panel assemblies 202A and 202B.

[0047] Fig. Figure 2B shows a side view of a tracking solar panel and a variable reflective surface in a second exemplary configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention. As previously mentioned in relation to Fig. As discussed in Figure 2A, in this embodiment a section of the solar park 200 includes the solar panel assembly 202A and the solar panel assembly 202B, wherein the ground surface between the solar panel assembly 202A and 202B is covered in the variable reflective surface 204, which is embedded with strips of four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy material. As the sun moves into a different position compared to the one previously in Fig. As the solar array 200 is moved to the position discussed in section 2A, the solar power configuration program 400 uses the known location for the solar array 200 and the known solar path, based on the known location and time of year, to determine the solar irradiance, shadow profiles for the solar panel assemblies 202A and 202B, and the direct and indirect diffuse irradiance for the various positions of the sun along the solar path 206. Based on the above determinations, the solar power configuration program 400 adjusts the variable reflecting surface 204 to deflect sunlight toward an upper surface of a solar panel of the solar panel assembly 202A. The light rays 210 represent the direct path of sunlight generated by the sun at the current position, with the variable reflecting surface 204 deflecting the light rays 210 toward the upper surface of a solar panel of the solar panel assembly 202A. Although in Fig. Not illustrated in Figure 2B, another variable reflective surface is positioned near the solar panel assembly 202B to direct the light rays 210 towards an upper surface of a solar panel of the solar panel assembly 202B. In this embodiment, each solar assembly 202 in the solar park 200 includes an associated variable reflective surface to direct light rays towards a respective upper surface of a solar panel.

[0048] Fig. Figure 2C shows a side view of a tracking solar panel and a variable reflective surface in a third exemplary configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the solar power configuration program 400 introduces the solar panel assembly 202A and 202B together with the variable reflective surface 204. The light rays 212 represent a direct path of sunlight generated by the sun at the current position, wherein a combination of direct radiation from the light rays 212 and reflected radiation from the variable reflective surface 204 deflects the light rays 212 toward an upper surface of a solar panel of the solar panel assembly 202A.In this exemplary configuration, the solar power configuration program 400 adjusts the shape of the variable reflecting surface 204 such that a shaded area caused by the variable reflecting surface 204 is minimized, and the shaded area does not fall onto an adjacent solar panel assembly (i.e., the solar panel assembly 202B). The solar power configuration program 400 further considers the thermal efficiency of the solar panel assemblies 202A and 202B, and the solar power configuration program 400 can adjust the solar panel assembly 202A and 202B and / or the variable reflecting surface 204 if the thermal efficiency of the solar panel assembly 202A and 202B begins to deteriorate due to overheating. The solar power configuration program 400 can adjust the solar panel assembly 202A and 202B in the configuration shown in the example. Fig. The configuration shown in Figure 2B can be set to provide thermal relief to the upper surface of the solar panels of the solar panel assembly 202A and 202B. The solar power configuration program 400 can also use the variable reflecting surface 204 to deflect the wind flow towards the upper surface of a solar panel of the solar panel assembly 202A and 202B to provide thermal relief and increase thermal efficiency.

[0049] Fig. Figure 3 describes a process flow for a solar power configuration program for managing a tracking solar panel configuration and a variable reflecting surface configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention. For the process flow described herein, the solar power configuration program receives 400 solar park properties, including the solar panel layout, and determines a ground cover ratio (GCR) for a solar park with multiple solar panels arranged in multiple rows covering an area. The GCR represents the ratio of a photovoltaic array area to the total ground area on which the solar panel is positioned. In an example of an array configured in rows of modules (i.e., solar panels), the GCR is the length of one side of a row divided by the distance between the bottom of one row and the bottom of an adjacent row.The Solar Power Configuration Program 400 also receives site properties for the solar park, including geolocation, terrain topography, irradiance observations, time values, and wind profiles. The Solar Power Configuration Program 400 uses these solar park properties and site properties to predict solar irradiance, shading profiles of unused areas, and direct and diffuse irradiance of the unused area.

[0050] The Solar Power Configuration Program 400 optimizes control parameters using specific solar irradiance, shading profile, and direct and diffuse irradiance of the unused area, along with the solar panel array and variable reflecting surface (VRS) information. Optimizing control parameters, the Solar Power Configuration Program 400 can determine settings for the solar panel array and / or VRS for maximum energy production, a desired amount of energy production based on grid conditions, a desired amount of energy production based on a specific time of day, or any other desired outcome. The solar panel array and VRS information includes reflectance index values ​​for the VRS material, shape memory alloy profiles (e.g., spheroidal graphite ...Temperature versus strain and stress) and tracking angle limitations for the trackable solar panels. The Solar Power Configuration Program 400 determines an optimal solar tracking angle for direct and reflected irradiance and determines a reflector topography profile for the variable reflecting surface. Based on the optimal solar tracking angle for direct and reflected irradiance, the Solar Power Configuration Program 400 adjusts the trackable solar panel via the solar panel tracking control system. Based on the reflector topography profile for the variable reflecting surface, the Solar Power Configuration Program 400 adjusts the variable reflecting surface via the control of the 4D-printed shape memory alloy by introducing external induction.

[0051] Fig.Figure 4 shows a flowchart for a solar power configuration program for setting a tracking solar panel and a variable reflective surface according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] The solar power configuration program 400 receives solar park properties (402). In this embodiment, the solar power configuration program 400 receives the solar park properties, which include the solar panel layout, and determines a ground cover ratio (GCR) for a solar park with multiple solar panels and multiple variable reflective surfaces. The solar park may include solar panels that are fixed solar panels (i.e., non-repositionable), trackable solar panels (i.e., repositionable), or a combination of fixed and trackable solar panels. For the solar panel layout, the solar power configuration program 400 receives dimensions for each solar panel, a number of solar panels, an arrangement of the solar panels (e.g., 10 rows with 10 solar panels in each row), and spacings between each solar panel in the arrangement of solar panels.The Solar Power Configuration Program 400 uses the solar panel layout for the solar park to determine the ground cover coefficient (GCR) for the solar park. If the solar park contains fixed solar panels, the GCR remains a constant value. However, if the solar park contains a tracking solar panel, the GCR is variable depending on the position of the tracking solar panel. For example, if a solar panel is tilted at 30 degrees with respect to the ground surface, the GCR is lower than if a solar panel is tilted at 15 degrees with respect to the ground surface. For the solar panel layout, areas of unused ground surface include multiple variable reflecting surfaces, with at least one variable reflecting surface associated with one of the solar park's multiple solar panels.

[0053] As previously discussed, the variable reflective surface is a reflective material with an embedded four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy (e.g., Nitinol), wherein the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface can change its shape based on the influence of an external factor. The external factor can include an induced change in humidity, temperature, light, voltage, and / or any other environmental stimuli. The solar power configuration program 400 induces the changes via settings on the variable reflective surface, as discussed in (416). In this embodiment, the solar power configuration program 400 also receives dimensions for each variable reflective surface, a number of variable reflective surfaces, an arrangement of the variable reflective surfaces (e.g.,10 rows with 10 variable reflecting surfaces in each row) and spacings between each variable reflecting surface in the arrangement of variable reflecting surfaces. In some embodiments, the solar power configuration program 400 determines a shape and structure for each variable reflecting surface based on the solar panel layout and site characteristics, as discussed in (404).

[0054] The solar power configuration program 400 receives site properties (404). In this embodiment, the solar power configuration program 400 receives site properties that include a geolocation for the solar park, a terrain topography for an area covered by the solar park, irradiance satellite observations with associated time values, and wind profiles for geolocation of the solar park. The geolocation enables the solar power configuration program 400 to determine a path for the sun and angles for light rays for each day of the year. The terrain topography enables the solar power configuration program 400 to determine the placement on the variable reflecting surfaces.As previously discussed, in some embodiments, the Solar Power Configuration Program 400 determines a shape and structure for each variable reflecting surface based on the solar panel layout, while also taking the topography into account for geolocation. For example, the Solar Power Configuration Program 400 determines a solar panel layout and a GCR for a solar park at a specific geolocation. Based on the site characteristics, which include the topography for geolocation, the Solar Power Configuration Program 400 determines the dimensions and placement of each variable reflecting surface to optimize the efficiency of the solar park.Irradiance satellite observations for various times throughout the year allow the Solar Power Configuration Program 400 to identify solar intensity at the surface of the geolocation, in order to determine the effects of direct and indirect irradiance at that location. Wind profiles allow the Solar Power Configuration Program 400 to identify how the variable reflecting surface can be used to provide cooling for the solar panels, thus optimizing the thermal efficiency of each panel.

[0055] The solar power configuration program 400 receives the solar panel array and variable reflecting surface properties (406). In this embodiment, the solar power configuration program 400 receives solar panel array properties for each solar panel in the solar park. The solar panel array properties can include tracking angle constraints, rotation angle constraints, and operating temperature constraints. Tracking angle constraints represent an operating range between a minimum and a maximum angle value for a tracking solar panel that tilts with respect to the x-axis. For example, the solar power configuration program 400 receives tracking angle constraints with an operating range of 0 degrees minimum tilt to 45 degrees maximum tilt.In some embodiments, the solar panel arrays are fixed at a defined angle, for example, in a vertical position with respect to the ground (e.g., 90 degrees) or at a defined angle (45 degrees, 65 degrees, etc.). Rotation angle constraints define an operating range between a minimum and maximum rotation angle for a tracking solar panel rotating with respect to the y-axis. For example, the solar power configuration program 400 receives rotation angle constraints with an operating range from a minimum rotation position of 0 degrees to a maximum rotation position of 180 degrees. Operating temperature constraints define an operating temperature range for the surface temperature of a solar panel to maximize thermal efficiency and prevent overheating of solar cells on the surface of the solar panel.

[0056] The Solar Power Configuration Program 400 also receives variable reflective surface properties for each variable reflective surface in the solar park. These properties can include a reflectance index value of the reflective material and a shape memory alloy profile (e.g., temperature versus strain and stress). As discussed previously, in one embodiment, the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy material is embedded within the reflective material, such that changes to the shape of the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy material cause the reflective material to reshape itself to the shape of the modified four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy material.In another embodiment, the reflective material is arranged on the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy material, with changes to the shape of the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy material being transferred to the reflective material arranged on the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy material. The reflection index value of the reflective material represents the amount of light that is reflected rather than absorbed by the reflective material. The shape memory alloy profile represents a shape profile for the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy material embedded in the reflective material when the variable reflective material is actuated by an external factor.

[0057] The solar power configuration program 400 predicts solar irradiance (408). Solar irradiance is the power per unit area (i.e., solar power density) received from the sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation. In one embodiment, the solar power configuration program 400 determines the solar irradiance based on the irradiance satellite observations for geolocation of the solar park, which were in the received site properties of (404). In another embodiment, the solar power configuration program 400 determines the solar irradiance using a spatial-temporal learning model for geolocation for a given season (i.e., a time value) to predict the solar irradiance for geolocation of the solar park. For solar irradiance, the solar power configuration program 400 can also incorporate arbitrary geographic effects (e.g.,The solar power configuration program can take into account factors such as bodies of water, elevation, or weather-related effects (e.g., cloud cover, fog) that affect solar irradiance when determining solar irradiance for a specific season for geolocating the solar park. In yet another embodiment, the solar power configuration program can receive solar irradiance information for geolocation from a third-party provider.

[0058] The Solar Power Configuration Program 400 predicts a shadow profile (410). The Solar Power Configuration Program 400 predicts a shadow profile of unused areas created by the multiple solar panels. The Solar Power Configuration Program 400 uses the solar panel layout for the solar park, the topography at the geolocation, the dimensions for each solar panel, and the specified GCR for a particular time of year to determine a shadow profile. Using the solar panel layout for the solar park, the Solar Power Configuration Program 400 determines a configuration for the layout (for example, 15 rows with 20 solar panel arrays in each row) and the spacing between each solar panel array of the multiple solar arrays in the solar park.Using the dimensions for each solar panel, a geolocation for the sun, and the topography at that geolocation, the Solar Power Configuration Program 400 determines the dimensions for each shadow cast by each solar panel. The topography of a surface onto which a solar panel casts its shadow can influence the shadow's dimensions, thereby affecting the GCR (Global Corrective Ratio) for the solar park. In one embodiment where the multiple solar panels are fixed, the Solar Power Configuration Program 400 determines that the shadow profile for the multiple solar panels is constant and based on a season and the sun's position. In another embodiment where the multiple solar panels track the sun's movement, the Solar Power Configuration Program 400 determines that the shadow profile for the multiple solar panels can vary based on the season and the sun's position.

[0059] The Solar Power Configuration Program 400 predicts direct and indirect irradiance (412). For discussion purposes, direct irradiance represents solar irradiance that directly reaches a surface (for example, the top surface with a solar cell of a solar panel), and indirect irradiance represents solar irradiance that diffuses or reflects to reach the surface. An example of diffuse irradiance might include solar irradiance passing through cloud cover, and an example of reflected irradiance might include solar irradiance reflected from a ground surface. The Solar Power Configuration Program 400 uses the predicted solar irradiance, along with known topography and historical weather patterns for geolocation, to predict direct and indirect irradiance.

[0060] The solar power configuration program 400 optimizes the control parameters (414). In this embodiment, the solar power configuration program 400 optimizes the control parameter by performing a net energy gain optimization. The solar power configuration program 400 determines a tracking angle and a topographic shape for each of the variable reflecting surfaces to maximize the energy generated by the solar panel and to minimize the energy loss when changing a shape of the variable reflecting surface. The solar power configuration program 400 can use the following net energy gain optimization equation (a): J=Max⋅∑j=1N{wG⋅EG(αj*,MJ*→)−wL⋅EL(αj*,MJ*→)−∑i=1NwuPi(αj−αj*)2}−∑i=1NwuPi(M→J−MJ*→)2}

[0061] The net energy gain optimization equation (a) is subject to the constraints M→min≤M→J≤M→max and αmin≤αj≤αmax. J represents a cost function (total energy gain), aj* represents the optimal tracking angle for the predicted time j, MJ*→ represents the optimal topography profile for the predicted time j, E G represents the energy gain achieved by changing the tracking angle and topography profile, E L represents the energy loss due to modulation of the tracking angle and topography profile. G , w L each represents a weighting coefficient for additional energy generated by the solar panel and energy lost when changing the topography profile, and M→max,αmax each represents a maximum limit for the topography profile and a maximum limit for the tracking angle.

[0062] The section of the net energy gain optimization equation (a) that represents the additional energy generation is represented by the following subequation (b): wG⋅EG(αj*,MJ*→)

[0063] The section of the net energy gain optimization equation (a) that represents the energy loss when changing a shape of the variable reflecting surface is represented by the following subequation (c): wL⋅EL(αj*,MJ*→)

[0064] The section of the net energy gain optimization equation (a) that represents a penalty weight for changes in the tracking angle is represented by the following subequation (d): ∑i=1NwuPi(αj−αj*)2

[0065] The section of the net energy gain optimization equation (a) that represents a penalty weight for changes in the variable reflecting surface is represented by the following subequation (e): ∑i=1NwuPi(M→j−MJ*→)2

[0066] In this embodiment, the solar power configuration program 400 also optimizes the control parameter by performing a forecast horizon optimization. The solar power configuration program 400 makes adjustments at fixed intervals, taking into account the forecast horizon as the sun moves during any given day. The solar power configuration program 400 can use the following forecast horizon optimization equation (f): J=∑i=1NwLi(Lir−Lim(α,M→))2+∑i=1NwCRi(Rir−Rim(α,M→))2+∑i=1Nwu(α)i(Δu)2+∑i=1Nwv(M→)i(Δv)2

[0067] The prediction horizon optimization equation (f) is subject to the constraints 0≤Lim≤Lmax,0≤Rim≤Rmax,and Lmax+Rmax≤LRmax. J represents a cost function over the receding horizon. Lir represents the optimal irradiation for time i. Limit represents the measured irradiance for instance i. Rir represents the optimal reflective irradiation profile (direct + diffuse) for time i. Rim represents the detected reflecting irradiation profile (direct + diffuse) for time i, which is a function of the topography (i.e., shape) of the variable reflecting material. u and v represent the solar tracking control variable and the control variable for the variable reflecting material, respectively. w Ri , w Li each represents a weighting coefficient for the irradiation from the variable reflective material and the direct solar panel. wuαiwvM→i R represents a penalty coefficient for changes in the tracking angle control for the solar panel and in the control for the variable reflective material. max , L max , LR maxEach represents a maximum limit for the reflector irradiance profile, the directed solar irradiance level, and the solar panel irradiance limit. α represents a tracking angle for the tracking solar panel. M→ represents a topography of the variable reflective material.

[0068] The section of the prediction horizon optimization equation (f) that represents the direct solar irradiation profile is represented by the following subequation (g): ∑i=1NwLi(Lir−Lim(α,M→))2

[0069] The section of the prediction horizon optimization equation (f) that represents the reflecting irradiation profile is represented by the following subequation (h): ∑i=1NwCRi(Rir−Rim(α,M→))2

[0070] The solar power configuration program 400 sets the variable reflective surface (416). As previously discussed, the variable reflective surface is a reflective material with an embedded four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy (e.g., Nitinol), wherein the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface can change its shape based on the influence of an external factor. The external factor may include an induced change in humidity, temperature, light, voltage, and / or any other environmental stimuli. In one embodiment, the solar power configuration program 400 sets the variable reflective surface by supplying heat via an electric current to the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface.By supplying heat via an electric current, the Solar Power Configuration Program 400 adjusts the shape of the variable reflective surface from an unactuated position to an actuated position. The actuated position is such that light from the sun is reflected toward the upper surface of a solar panel containing one or more solar cells. The Solar Power Configuration Program 400 can also adjust the variable reflective surface by supplying heat via a mechanically linked heat dissipation device coupled to the solar panel. The Solar Power Configuration Program 400 actuates a mechanical link between the solar panel's heat dissipation device and the solar panel's heat dissipation device, thus providing heat transfer between the solar panel and the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface.In another embodiment, the solar power configuration program 400 can set a position of a tracking solar panel array to direct and / or reflect light toward the variable reflective surface to provide heat and subsequent actuation of the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface.

[0071] In another embodiment, the solar power configuration program 400 adjusts the variable reflective surface by providing cooling via a liquid to the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface. The solar power configuration program 400 can activate one or more liquid cooling valves to deliver cooling fluid to a surface of the variable reflective surface. The provision of a cooling effect to the variable reflective surface by the solar power configuration program 400 results in the variable reflective surface being adjusted from an actuated position to an unactuated position, or vice versa.In yet another embodiment, the solar power configuration program 400 adjusts the variable reflective surface by providing cooling via one or more fans positioned to direct airflow toward the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface. The solar power configuration program 400 can activate the one or more cooling fans and set a desired fan speed to regulate the airflow toward the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface.In yet another embodiment, the solar power configuration program 400 sets a position of a tracking solar panel array to direct airflow toward the variable reflective surface, thereby providing the cooling effect for the four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface.

[0072] The solar power configuration program 400 configures the solar panel assembly (418). For tracking solar panel arrays, the solar power configuration program 400 can tilt and / or rotate the solar panel array to optimize energy production. In one embodiment, the solar power configuration program 400 configures a solar panel array by actuating a motor to tilt the solar panel array based on a set position of the variable reflecting surface. The solar power configuration program 400 actuates the motor to tilt the solar panel array until an optimal angle is reached to receive reflected light from the variable reflecting surface.In another embodiment, the solar power configuration program 400 adjusts a solar panel array by actuating a motor to rotate the array based on a set position of the variable reflecting surface. The program rotates the array until it reaches an optimal position to receive reflected light from the surface. By adjusting the solar panel array and the variable reflecting surfaces, the solar power configuration program 400 increases energy production while reducing the ground capital requirement (GCR) for the solar park.

[0073] The solar power configuration program 400 determines whether a maximum position for the solar panel array or the variable reflecting surface has been reached (decision 420). The maximum position for the variable solar panel array or the variable reflecting surface is based on constraints (i.e., maximum position and minimum position) for an operating range defined by the received solar panel array and the properties of the variable reflecting surface received in (406). If the solar power configuration program 400 determines that the maximum position for the solar panel array or the variable reflecting surface has not been reached (“no” branch, decision 420), the solar power configuration program 400 returns to optimizing the control parameters.If the solar power configuration program 400 determines that the maximum position for the solar panel array or the variable reflecting surface has been reached (“yes” branch, decision 420), the solar power configuration program 400 stops operation and places the solar panel array and the variable reflecting surface in a standby mode until the following day.

[0074] The descriptions of the various embodiments of the present invention are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be obvious to those skilled in the art without deviating from the scope of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein has been chosen to best explain the principles of the embodiments, their practical application, or technical improvements over technologies available on the market, or to enable other skilled persons to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

[1] Computer-implemented method, comprising: Receiving solar park characteristics and site characteristics for the solar park; Receiving solar panel array properties for a solar panel array and variable reflective surface properties for a variable reflective surface; Optimizing control parameters for the solar panel array and the variable reflecting surface based on the solar park characteristics, the site characteristics, the solar panel array characteristics, and the properties of the variable reflecting surface; and Adjusting the variable reflective surface based on the control parameters; [2] Computer-implemented method according to claim 1, further comprising: Setting the solar panel arrangement based on the control parameters. [3] Computer-implemented method according to claim 1, wherein adjusting the variable reflective surface based on the control parameters further comprises: Providing heat via an electric current to a four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface, the heat changing a shape of the variable reflective surface. [4] Computer-implemented method according to claim 2, wherein adjusting the solar panel arrangement based on the control parameters further comprises: Operating a motor to tilt a solar cell of a solar panel array. [5] Computer-implemented method according to claim 1, wherein the solar park characteristics include the solar panel layout for the solar park and a ground cover ratio for the solar park. [6] Computer-implemented method according to claim 1, wherein the site characteristics include a geolocation for the solar park, a terrain topography for geolocation, irradiance observations for geolocation for a plurality of time values ​​and a wind profile for geolocation. [7] Computer-implemented method according to claim 1, wherein the solar panel arrangement properties include tracking angle constraints and the variable reflective surface properties include shape memory profiles for a four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface. [8] Computer program product, comprising: one or more computer-readable storage media; Program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media to receive solar park properties and site properties for the solar park; Program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media to receive solar panel array properties for a solar panel array and variable reflective surface properties for a variable reflective surface; Program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media to optimize control parameters for the solar panel array and the variable reflecting surface based on the solar park characteristics, the site characteristics, the solar panel array characteristics, and the properties of the variable reflecting surface; and Program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media to adjust the variable reflective surface based on the control parameters; [9] Computer program product according to claim 8, further comprising: Program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media to adjust the solar panel arrangement based on the control parameters. [10] Computer program product according to claim 8, wherein the program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media to adjust the variable reflective surface based on the control parameters further comprise: Program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media to provide heat via an electric current to a four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface, wherein the heat changes a shape of the variable reflective surface. [11] Computer program product according to claim 9, wherein the program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media to adjust the solar panel arrangement based on the control parameters further comprise: Program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media to operate a motor to tilt a solar cell of a solar panel array. [12] Computer program product according to claim 8, wherein the solar park characteristics include the solar panel layout for the solar park and a ground cover ratio for the solar park. [13] Computer program product according to claim 8, wherein the site characteristics include a geolocation for the solar park, a terrain topography for geolocation, irradiance observations for geolocation for a plurality of time values ​​and a wind profile for geolocation. [14] Computer program product according to claim 8, wherein the solar panel arrangement properties include tracking angle limitations and the properties of the variable reflective surface include shape memory profiles for a four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface. [15] Computer system, comprising: one or more processors, one or more computer-readable memories and one or more computer-readable storage media; Program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media for execution by at least one of the one or more processors via at least one of the one or more memories, in order to receive solar park properties and site properties for the solar park; Program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media for execution by at least one of the one or more processors via at least one of the one or more memories, in order to receive solar panel array properties for a solar panel array and properties of a variable reflective surface for a variable reflective surface; Program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media for execution by at least one of the one or more processors via at least one of the one or more memories, in order to optimize control parameters for the solar panel array and the variable reflective surface based on the solar park characteristics, the site characteristics, the solar panel array characteristics, and the characteristics of the variable reflective surface; and Program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media for execution by at least one of the one or more processors via at least one of the one or more memories to adjust the variable reflective surface based on the control parameters; [16] Computer system according to claim 15, further comprising: Program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media for execution by at least one of the one or more processors via at least one of the one or more memories to adjust the solar panel arrangement based on the control parameters. [17] Computer system according to claim 15, wherein the program instructions, which are stored on at least one of the one or more storage media for execution by at least one of the one or more processors via at least one of the one or more memories to adjust the variable reflective surface based on the control parameters, further comprise: Program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media for execution by at least one of the one or more processors via at least one of the one or more memories to provide heat via an electric current to a four-dimensionally printed shape memory alloy embedded in the variable reflective surface, wherein the heat changes a shape of the variable reflective surface. [18] Computer system according to claim 16, wherein the program instructions, which are stored on at least one of the one or more storage media for execution by at least one of the one or more processors via at least one of the one or more memories to adjust the solar panel arrangement based on the control parameters, further comprise: Program instructions stored on at least one of the one or more storage media for execution by at least one of the one or more processors via at least one of the one or more memories to actuate a motor to tilt a solar cell of a solar panel arrangement. [19] Computer system according to claim 15, wherein the solar park characteristics include the solar panel layout for the solar park and a ground cover ratio for the solar park. [20] Computer system according to claim 15, wherein the site characteristics include a geolocation for the solar park, a terrain topography for geolocation, irradiance observations for geolocation for a plurality of time values ​​and a wind profile for geolocation.

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