Gleichstrommotor

Abstract

A DC motor (1, 1.1) which can be used to generate a rotational movement or an electric current, which increases the effectiveness and properties of a DC motor as well as the field density, power, starting speed of an electric motor, reduces cogging torques and control effort, can be used as a mobile vehicle with a frictionless brake and robot, which is provided by a rotor (2) mounted on a shaft (3), which is provided with at least two pole shoes and at least one cylindrical stator core (4) which has at least four pole shoes arranged and is each provided with coils (5, 6), for generating at least one magnetic force field (z, y), further characterized in that a double stator (4) is designed as an inner and outer stator core (4a, 4e) in two parts, wherein the stator core (4a 4e) is each provided with four pole shoes (a1, a2, a3, a4 and e1, e2, e3, e4) and each provided with coils (5, 6), wherein the pole pieces (a,e) of the stator (4a, 4e) are arranged offset by half a pole piece angle, the rotor is designed as a hollow cylindrical rotor (2) and is arranged and rotatably mounted in a space between the outer and inner stator cores (4a, 4e), wherein the hollow rotor (2) is designed as an inner and outer environment (2a, 2e) double-sided (2a, 2e), wherein the inner and outer environment (2a, 2e) each have two pole pieces (2a1, 2a2) and (2e1, 2e2) arranged opposite one another and an air gap groove (Na, Ne) is provided between the pole pieces, wherein the inner and outer pole pieces (2a1, 2a2) and (2e1, 2e2) are arranged offset by 45° to one another, so that the rotor core (2) can be controlled by the rotating field (y, z) of the stator coils (5, 6).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a DC motor for generating a rotary movement and for electric current and friction-free brake with high performance without permanent magnets and rare earths, which increases the effectiveness and properties of an electric motor and can be used for mobile vehicles and robot technology.

[0002] Reluctance motors, also known as Tesla motors, are state-of-the-art. A fundamental disadvantage of reluctance motors is their low power and complex control.

[0003] Another disadvantage is that electric motors are designed to define the direction of rotation by asymmetrical and unfavorable number of pole pieces and active surfaces between the rotor and stator and therefore the coils of the electric motor are not used optimally and efficiently.

[0004] Against this background, the object of the invention is to provide a DC motor in which the effectiveness, power, field density and usable area of ​​the motor are increased and control effort is reduced.

[0005] Which allows to produce a DC motor without permanent magnets and rare earths with maximum performance and minimum control effort, which is used for mobile vehicles and robotics,

[0006] The task is solved by

[0007] The rotor core is mounted by a shaft in a housing and is provided with at least two pole shoes, with at least one stator core having at least four pole shoes arranged thereon and each provided with coils, for generating at least one magnetic force field z, y'.

[0008] The field direction n, s the stator coils, is controlled in the same pole direction towards the rotor core side, whereby during each working cycle at least one coil is continuously switched off in the direction of rotation.

[0009] So that the rotor core can be controlled by the rotating field of the stator coil.

[0010] Advantageous embodiments of the present invention are the subject of the dependent claims. Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 shows the basic structure and cross-section of a direct current reluctance motor 1, with double stator 4a, 4e Fig. 2 shows the hollow rotor 2 of a DC reluctance motor 1. Fig. 3 shows the structure of a single stator 4 or double stator 4a, 4e of the DC motor 1. Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 shows coil control of the rotating operation and braking operation of a DC reluctance motor 1 Fig. 6 shows a single column DC motor 1.1 Fig. 7 shows an electronic control 12

[0011] Fig. 1 The invention is used to generate a rotational movement or an electric current and frictionless brake is used as DC motors, the effectiveness and properties of a DC motor as well as field density, power, starting speed of an electric motor increases, control effort and cogging torques are reduced and can be used for robotics and mobile vehicles.

[0012] The rotor core 2, which is mounted in a housing by a shaft 3 and is provided with at least two pole shoes, and at least one stator core 4, which is arranged with at least four pole shoes and each provided with coils for generating at least one magnetic force field / rotating field (z, y).

[0013] DC reluctance motor 1 with double stator. The stator 4 is designed as an inner and outer stator core 4a, 4e in two parts, with at least four pole shoes a1 to a4 and e1 to e4 arranged on the stator core 4a and 4e, respectively, and each provided with coils 5, 6, with the pole shoes a1 and a3, a2 and a4, e1 and e3, e2 and e4 being magnetically connected.

[0014] wherein the pole pieces of the inner and outer stator cores 4a, 4e are offset from each other by half the pool area angle (45°).

[0015] Where the magnetic field direction n, s of the inner and outer stator coils 5, 6, each directed towards the rotor core side, north pole or south pole, is switched on in the same polarity and is switched off in cycles c of one coil at a time.

[0016] The inner and outer stator cores (4a, 4e) are rigidly connected to the housing.

[0017] The rotor core 2 is designed as an inner and outer environment 2a, 2e in two sides 2a, 2e as a hollow cylindrical rotor and is arranged and rotatably mounted in a space between the outer stator core 4a and the inner stator core 4e.

[0018] Wherein the inner and outer environment of the hollow rotor (2a, 2e), two pole shoes 2a1, 2a2 and 2e1, 2e2 are arranged opposite each other and between the pole shoes each provided with an air gap groove Na, Ne.

[0019] The front end of the hollow rotor 2 is rigidly connected to the output shaft 3 via a connection 8, and the entire assembly is mounted on the inner and outer stator connections 9a, 9e and rotatably supported. The rear end of the hollow rotor 2 is mounted on the inner stator core via a connection 7 and rotatably supported. The output shaft 3 is arranged on a signal generator.

[0020] so that the rotor core 2 can be controlled by the rotating field y, z of the stator coils (5, 6).

[0021] Fig. 2 shows a hollow rotor core 2 of a DC reluctance motor 1.

[0022] The rotor is designed as a hollow cylindrical rotor (2) and is arranged and rotatably mounted in a space between the outer and inner stator cores (4a, 4e), the hollow rotor (2) being designed as an inner and outer environment (2a, 2e) on both sides, the inner and outer environment (2a, 2e) each having at least 4 or 8 or 12 etc. pole shoes (2a1, 2a2 - 2e1, 2e2) which are arranged opposite one another and are provided with an air gap groove Na, Ne between the pole shoes, the inner and outer pole shoes being arranged offset from one another by a pole shoe angle (90°).

[0023] Where the size and length of the rotor pole pieces 2a1, 2a2 - 2e1, 2e2 and the slots Na, Ne, will depend on the number of stator coils.

[0024] Fig. 3 shows the structure of a stator core 4, 4a, 4e of the DC motor 1 and 1.1

[0025] The stator core 4 or the inner and outer stator cores 4a, 4e are rigidly connected to the housing, wherein the stator coil cores a1 with a3, a2 with a4, e1 with e3 and e2 with e4 are each magnetically connected at the end via a connection 9, wherein coil cores a1-a3 with a2-a4 and e1-e3 with e2-e4 which lie opposite one another are not magnetically connected.

[0026] The stator core 4a, 4e is arranged in each case with at least four pole shoes a / e, 1 to 4 and each is provided with a coil 5, 6, wherein the magnetic field direction n, s controls all stator coils (5, 6) in the same polarity towards the rotor side, north pole or south pole, wherein during each clock cycle c1, c2 one of the coils (5, 6) is continuously switched off in the direction of rotation, wherein the clock signals c1, c2 are phase-shifted (90°).

[0027] Fig. 4 shows coil control of DC reluctance motor 1.

[0028] When starting the DC motor 1, the stator field z or y is activated, during clock cycles t1, coil field e1 and a3 will be turned off, where pole piece field e1 and e3, a1 and a3, will attract the rotor core 2 in the direction of rotation, where pole piece field a2 and a4, e2 and e4, will repel the rotor core 2 in the direction of rotation.

[0029] During t2, the pole shoe field e2, (a3) ​​is switched off, whereby pole shoe field a1, a3 and e2, e4 will attract the rotor in the direction of rotation and pole shoe field a2, a4 and e1, e3 will repel the rotor in the direction of rotation, thus the stator force field rotating field z, y is emitted as a rotational movement to the rotor core 2, whereby the rotational movement t1 to t4 continues cyclically.

[0030] Fig. 5 shows coil control for braking operation of a DC reluctance motor 1.

[0031] If the switching sequence of coils 5, 6 is shifted one step in the opposite direction of rotation, the motor is switched from rotation mode to emergency braking mode.

[0032] If emergency braking operation is activated, at least one stator field z and / or y is switched on and the switching sequence of the coils 5,6 is shifted one step, in this case the stator field z is switched on, during the clock cycles t1, the pole shoe fields e2 and e4 will attract the rotor in the opposite direction of rotation, whereby pole shoe fields e1 and e3 will repel the rotor in the opposite direction of rotation and the whole thing will be repeated cyclically until the rotor core 2 comes to a standstill.

[0033] If two adjacent pole shoes (a1, a2 and e1, e2) stator coils 5, 6 are used as field coils and the other half of pole shoes (a3, a4 and e3, e4) stator coils 5, 6 are used as induction coils, the reluctance motor 1 will be switched from motor operation to generator operation and will be able to generate electric current and provide frictionless braking.

[0034] Fig. 6 shows a single-column DC motor 1.1 with permanent magnet 11.

[0035] If at least one permanent magnet 7 is arranged on the rotor core, the double stator will be secured and the undoubted direction of rotation of the single stator DC motor 1.1 will be ensured.

[0036] At least four pole shoes e1 to e4 are arranged on the stator core 4 and each provided with coils 6, and at least two pole shoes are arranged on the rotor core 2.1, with at least one of the pole shoes being assigned to a permanent magnet.

[0037] The stator core 4 is rigidly connected to the housing, with the coil cores e1 being magnetically connected to e3 and e2 to e4, respectively, via a connection 9e.

[0038] The rotor core 2.1 is rigidly connected to the working shaft 3 and the whole thing crashes at the stator connection 9e and is rotatably mounted on the housing.

[0039] So that the rotor core 2.1 can be controlled by the rotating field z1, z2 of the stator coil (6). Stepless control of the DC motor 1.1

[0040] All stator coils 6 e1 to e4 are switched on, whereby the field strength of one of the coils 6 is controlled in cycles by an enable signal manually and / or automatically until the rotor core 2 reaches the desired rotor position 2.1, thereby the DC motor 1.1 is stopped and started manually and the rotor movement and rotor speed are continuously controlled so that every distance can be reached without gaps.

[0041] Fig. 7 shows an electronic control 12 of the DC reluctance motor 1

[0042] The stator coils 5, 6 are assigned to an electronic controller 12, the inputs of the controller 12 being controlled by the pulse generator 10, the pulse generator 10 supplying at least four or eight states etc. binary code (000 to 111) per rotor revolution, the first digit with even numbers 0-1, 2-3, 4-5, 6-7 = clock signal c1 being formed by two binary codes and will control the coils 5, the first digit with odd numbers starting 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-0 = clock signal c2 being formed and will control the coils 6, C1 and c2 being 90° phase shifted, the outputs of the controller 12 being inverted. Reference symbol list 1 DC motor with double stator 1.1 DC motor with single column 2 hollow rotor 2.1 Rotor cores 3 Wave 4 stator core 4a inner stator core 4e outer stator core 5 inner stator coils 6 outer stator coils 7 Connection and bearing of the rotor core 8 Connection between rotor and shaft 9 Connection of the inner and outer stator core 10 signal transmitters / position indicators 11 Permanent magnet 12 Electronic control L cavity N air gap grooves t1-t8 clock cycle yZ stator field rotating field

Claims

[1] DC motor (1, 1.1) which can be used to generate a rotational movement or an electric current, which increases the effectiveness and properties of a DC motor as well as the field density, power, starting speed of an electric motor, reduces cogging torques and control effort, can be used as a mobile vehicle with a frictionless brake and robot, which is provided by a rotor (2) mounted on a shaft (3) which is provided with at least two pole shoes and at least one cylindrical stator core (4) which has at least four pole shoes arranged thereon and is each provided with coils (5, 6), for generating at least one magnetic force field (z, y), furthermore characterized bythat a double stator (4) is designed as an inner and outer stator core (4a, 4e) in two parts, wherein the stator core (4a 4e) is arranged with four pole shoes (a1, a2, a3, a4 and e1, e2, e3, e4) and each is provided with coils (5, 6), wherein the pole shoes (a, e) of the stator (4a, 4e) are arranged offset by half a pole shoe angle, the rotor is designed as a hollow cylindrical rotor (2) and is arranged and rotatably mounted in a space between the outer and inner stator core (4a, 4e), wherein the hollow rotor (2) is designed as an inner and outer environment (2a, 2e) double-sided (2a, 2e), wherein the inner and outer environment (2a, 2e) are each provided with two pole shoes (2a1, 2a2) and (2e1, 2e2) opposite and is provided with an air gap groove (Na, Ne) between the pole shoes, wherein inner and outer pole shoes (2a1, 2a2) and (2e1, 2e2) are arranged offset by 45° to each other, so that the rotor core (2) is rotated by the rotating field (y,z) of the stator coil (5, 6) is controllable., [2] DC motor (1, 1.1) according to claim 1 characterized by that the stator cores (4, 4a, 4e) are rigidly connected to the housing, wherein the coil cores (a1 with a3, a2 with a4) and (e1 with e3, e2 with e4) of the stator (4) are each magnetically connected via a connection (9a1, 9a2, 9e1, 9e2). [3] DC motor (1) according to claim 2 characterized by that the hollow rotor core (2) is rigidly connected to the working shaft (3) at its front end via a connection (8) and the whole collapses at the inner and outer stator core connection (9a, 9e) and is rotatably mounted, with the rear end of the hollow rotor (2) collapsing at the inner stator core (4a) via a connection (7) and being rotatably mounted. [4] DC motor (1, 1.1) according to claim 3 characterized bythat the magnetic field direction n, s of all stator coils (5, 6) is controlled in the same direction towards the rotor side, north pole or south pole, wherein during each clock cycle c1, c2 at least one coil (5, 6) is continuously switched off in the direction of rotation, wherein the clock signals c1, c2 are (90°) phase-shifted. [5] DC motor (1, 1.1) according to claim 4 characterized by that, the working shaft (3) is arranged a pulse generator or a commutator (10), wherein at least four state binary codes (00 to 11) per rotor revolution can be generated by the pulse generator (10). [6] DC motor (1, 1.1) according to claim 5 characterized bythat the stator coils (5, 6) are assigned an electronic control (12), the inputs of the control (12) being controllable by the pulse generator (10) binary code (c), the coils (5) being controllable by two binary codes starting with even numbers c1 (0-1, 2-3, 4-5, 6-7) and the coils (6) being controllable by two binary codes starting with odd numbers c2 (1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-0), the outputs of the control (12) being inverted. [7] DC motor (1) according to claim 6 characterized by that, two adjacent stator coils (5, 6) can be controlled as field coils and two adjacent stator coils (5, 6) can be controlled as induction coils. [8] DC motor (1.1) according to claim 7 characterized bythat, the rotor core (2.1) is arranged with at least two pole shoes (2e1, 2e2), one of which is provided with a permanent magnet (11), and the stator core (4) is arranged with at least four pole shoes (e1, e2, e3, e4), each of which is provided with a coil (6), or Conversely, the stator core (4) is arranged with at least two pole shoes, one of which is provided with a permanent magnet (11), and the rotor core (2.1) is arranged with at least four pole shoes, each of which is provided with a coil. [9] DC motor (1.1) according to claim 8 characterized by that the field strength of the stator coils (6) can be controlled manually and / or automatically, one coil at a time, by means of a release signal, whereby the rotor movement can also be stopped and started in a continuously variable manner.

Images