Energy supply system for national electricity grids based on the use of glycerin as the primary energy carrier

Abstract

• National energy supply system comprising several G-Dual power plants operating on glycerin as the main fuel and a pilot fuel, with each power plant providing an electrical output of 5 to 200 MW and feeding into a national high-voltage grid (110-380 kV).

Description

2. State of the art Existing national electricity grids rely on: • fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas), which cause high CO2 emissions, • nuclear power plants with complex safety requirements, • renewable energies (PV, wind, water), which feed in volatilely and require storage technologies. Known storage methods (batteries, pumped storage, hydrogen) are either expensive or have limited scalability. Glycerin is produced in large quantities as a byproduct of biodiesel production, but so far its use for energy purposes has been limited (e.g. as an additive or thermal combustion on a small scale). 3. Object of the invention The task is to provide a national, scalable electricity supply system that: • uses glycerin as a primary energy carrier on an industrial scale, • operates using dual-fuel technology (glycerin + pilot fuel), • reliably ensures the base load supply of a country, • flexibly supplements renewable energies and provides grid stability, • makes additional waste heat usable for industry, district heating and seawater desalination. 4. Solution to the task The solution is achieved through the introduction of a G-Dual National Grid, consisting of the following components: 1. G-Dual Power Plants: Large-scale generators with an electrical output of 50-200 MW. Dual-fuel operation: main fuel → glycerin, pilot fuel - HVO / diesel (< 10% share). Electrical efficiency up to 35%, with combined heat and power (CHP) up to 70%. Plants are black-start capable and can be used for primary and secondary control. 2. Supply Logistics: National storage facilities and distribution infrastructure (rail, pipeline, ship). Storage in redundant safety tanks. 3. Hybrid Grid Integration: Synchronized feed-in to high-voltage grids (110-380 kV). Control via digital load management systems. Flexible combination with PV, wind, and hydropower → balancing of fluctuating generation. 4. Waste heat utilization◯ Industrial steam extraction, district heating networks, seawater desalination.◯ Increased efficiency through combined use.• 5.Technical specifications (example configuration 100 MW plant) • Electrical output: 100 MW net • Glycerin consumption: 300-350 t / day • Pilot fuel consumption: < 30 t / day HVO / Diesel • Electrical efficiency: ~35% • Overall efficiency (CHP): up to 70% • Grid stability: black start capable, suitable for primary / secondary control 6. National implementation • Cluster structure: 10-15 plants of 200 MW each → 2-3 GW baseload capacity. • Regional units: 20-50 MW for provinces or remote regions. • Hybridization: combination with PV, wind, and hydropower. • Backup: pilot fuel ensures operation during supply shortages. 7. Advantages of the invention: • CO2 neutrality: Use of biogenic glycerin. • Energy sovereignty: Reduction of fossil energy imports. • Cost stability: No dependence on international gas or oil prices. • Scalability: From 5 MW island power plant to 200 MW large-scale power plant. • Flexibility: Dynamic load management, rapid controllability.• Industrial policy: Linking the biodiesel and energy sectors. 8. Innovation and inventive idea: The novelty lies in the systematic, large-scale use of glycerin as a stable national baseload power source. While glycerin has rarely been used as the sole primary fuel, the combination of: • dual-fuel technology, • national cluster structure, • hybrid integration, • with renewable energies enables a scalable and CO2-neutral electricity supply at the national level. This provides, for the first time, a fully-fledged, nationally deployable electricity grid concept using glycerin as the primary energy carrier.

Claims

• National energy supply system comprising several G-Dual power plants operating on glycerin as the main fuel and a pilot fuel, with each power plant providing an electrical output of 5 to 200 MW and feeding into a national high-voltage grid (110-380 kV). Energy supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that the G-Dual power plants are operated in the dual-fuel process, wherein the glycerin content is more than 85% of the total fuel input. Energy supply system according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the power plants are capable of black start and provide both primary control and secondary control energy for grid stability. Energy supply system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the waste heat of the G-Dual power plants is used for combined heat and power, in particular for district heating, industrial steam applications or seawater desalination. Energy supply system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a hybrid grid integration is provided in which renewable energy sources (photovoltaics, wind, hydropower) are coupled via digital load management systems and the G-Dual power plants ensure the base load and grid stability. Energy supply system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply of glycerin is ensured via a national logistics network consisting of tank farms, rail transport, pipelines or ship transport. Energy supply system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that several clusters of G-Dual power plants with a capacity of 50 to 200 MW each are formed to ensure a national base load supply of 2-5 GW. Energy supply system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that smaller G-Dual power plants with a capacity of 5-50 MW are provided for remote regions, islands or provinces. Energy supply system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pilot fuel is synthetically produced HVO or diesel and is used in an amount of less than 10% of the fuel consumption. • Energy supply system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the systems are coupled to each other via a digital energy management system and controlled in a higher-level manner in order to ensure flexible scalability and integration of renewable energies.

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