Transport vehicle with tilting loading area and hydraulic tipping device

Abstract

Transport vehicle, in particular transport trailer (1), with a tiltable loading area (2), a chassis (3) and a hydraulic tilting device (4, 6), wherein the hydraulic tilting device (4, 6) comprises: - a hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) connected to the tiltable loading area (2) and the chassis (3) in such a way that an extension of the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) causes the loading area (2) to tilt relative to the chassis (3), - a hydraulic tank (43, 63) designed to hold hydraulic fluid, and - a one-way valve (44, 64), in particular designed as a check valve (44), which is fluidically connected to the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) and the hydraulic tank (43, 63) in such a way that a unidirectional connection is formed for hydraulic fluid flowing from the hydraulic tank (43, 63) to the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a transport vehicle with a tiltable loading area, a chassis and a hydraulic tipping device and to a hydraulic tipping device and a hydraulic unit for such a transport vehicle.

[0002] In known transport vehicles with a tilting loading bed, particularly in transport trailers for transporting vehicles, tilting of the loading bed is achieved either by shifting the weight on the loading bed or by a hydraulic device. Existing solutions in which tipping is achieved by shifting the weight on the loading bed have the disadvantage that the loading bed can easily tip unintentionally in an unexpected direction, which poses a safety risk. Existing solutions in which tipping is achieved by a hydraulic device have the disadvantage that they are relatively complex to operate and often have a complex design. A complex design makes such hydraulic devices expensive and the operation of the transport vehicle unsafe because the risk of incorrect operation increases with increasing complexity.

[0003] It is an object of the present invention to provide a transport vehicle with a tiltable loading platform, in which the tilting of the loading platform can be achieved more easily and safely. It is a further object of the invention to provide a hydraulic tilting device and a hydraulic unit for such a transport vehicle.

[0004] The task is solved by a transport vehicle with a tiltable loading area, a chassis and a hydraulic tipping device, wherein the hydraulic tipping device comprises: - a hydraulic cylinder connected to the tiltable loading area and the chassis in such a way that extension of the hydraulic cylinder causes the loading area to tilt relative to the chassis, - a hydraulic tank adapted to hold hydraulic fluid, and - a one-way valve, in particular designed as a check valve, which is fluidically connected to the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic tank in such a way that a unidirectional connection is formed for hydraulic fluid flowing from the hydraulic tank to the hydraulic cylinder.

[0005] The one-way valve can prevent hydraulic fluid from flowing from the hydraulic cylinder into the hydraulic tank via the one-way valve, so the bed can only tip in one direction. If the bed is tilted by shifting weight on the bed in this condition, the bed cannot tip back uncontrollably and unexpectedly in the opposite direction, even if the weight distribution is accidentally changed. This increases safety when using the transport vehicle.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic tilting device additionally comprises a drain fitting, in particular designed as a manually controlled drain valve, which is fluidically connected to the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic tank in such a way that, when the drain fitting is open, hydraulic fluid can be drained from the hydraulic cylinder into the hydraulic tank. The one-way valve and the drain fitting are preferably connected in such a way that a) when the drain fitting is closed, there is a unidirectional connection from the hydraulic tank to the hydraulic cylinder at least through the one-way valve, in particular without hydraulic fluid being able to be drained from the hydraulic cylinder into the hydraulic tank, and b) when the drain fitting is open, hydraulic fluid can be drained from the hydraulic cylinder into the hydraulic tank at least through the drain fitting. The one-way valve and the drain fitting are preferably connected in parallel.

[0007] Because no hydraulic fluid can be drained from the hydraulic cylinder into the hydraulic tank when the drain valve is closed, but hydraulic fluid can still flow from the hydraulic tank into the hydraulic cylinder through the one-way valve, the loading area can only tip in one direction in this state. If, in this state, the loading area is tilted by shifting weight on the loading area, the loading area cannot tip back uncontrollably and unexpectedly in the opposite direction, even if the weight distribution is unintentionally changed. Only when the drain valve has been opened and is therefore in the open state can hydraulic fluid be drained from the hydraulic cylinder into the hydraulic tank, allowing the loading area to tip back in the opposite direction.Only a single control needs to be operated to switch between these two states, further reducing the risk of incorrect operation and making the transport vehicle even safer to operate. Furthermore, tipping can be achieved very easily by shifting weight on the loading area. The hydraulic tipping system nevertheless has a relatively simple design.

[0008] The transport vehicle is preferably a transport trailer. In particular, if the transport vehicle is a transport trailer, the chassis of the transport vehicle can comprise one or more of the following components: one or more axles, wheel suspensions, a frame, a towing device, one or more support wheels, and one or more braking systems. A towing device of the transport trailer can, in particular, comprise drawbars or a drawbar. The towing device can also comprise a coupling and / or an overrun device. The towing device can, for example, be designed as a V-drawbar or a tubular drawbar. The towing device can also be designed as a height-adjustable drawbar. Further components can also be attached to the chassis of the transport vehicle, such as wheels, lighting, a cable winch, etc.

[0009] The transport vehicle can be designed to transport different goods, wherein the loading area in particular can be designed to transport specific goods. The loading area can, for example, comprise a flat surface for storing goods. The loading area can be designed to accommodate side walls and / or transport boxes. The transport vehicle is preferably designed to transport vehicles. The loading area can, for example, comprise one or more webs that can be designed to accommodate wheels of a vehicle to be transported. The loading area can also comprise further components, such as a stabilizing frame, attachment points for fastening material, lighting, etc. The loading area could also be referred to as a bridge.

[0010] The tiltable loading area and the chassis are generally connected to each other in an articulated manner. Preferably, the transport vehicle is designed such that tilting the loading area relative to the chassis corresponds to a rotation of the loading area about a defined axis of rotation. The axis of rotation can be defined by pivot points, for example, at which joints are located that articulate the loading area and the chassis to each other.

[0011] It is preferred that the hydraulic cylinder of the tilting device is a single-acting hydraulic cylinder. It is further preferred that the hydraulic cylinder is configured to extend when hydraulic fluid flows into the hydraulic cylinder.

[0012] It is further preferred that the transport vehicle is designed such that during a movement of the loading area in the tilting direction the hydraulic cylinder is extended and during a movement of the loading area opposite to the tilting direction the hydraulic cylinder is retracted. A movement of the loading area in the tilting direction here refers to a tilting of the loading area, during which the front end of the loading area is raised. In one example, the loading area could initially be in an untilted position. Starting from the untilted position the loading area in this example would be transferred into a tilted position by a movement in the tilting direction with extension of the hydraulic cylinder. It is further preferred that the transport vehicle is designed such that when the transport vehicle is on a horizontal plane the loading area is arranged substantially horizontally when the loading area is in the untilted position.

[0013] Preferably, the transport vehicle is designed such that, when the transport vehicle is on a horizontal plane, a force acts on the loading area in an unloaded state, counter to the tipping direction. Preferably, the transport vehicle is designed such that the force acting on the loading area counter to the tipping direction is caused by gravity and the arrangement of the center of gravity of the loading area relative to the axis of rotation. However, the transport vehicle can also be designed such that the force acting on the loading area counter to the tipping direction is caused by the restoring force of a spring or a similar component.

[0014] If the loading area is in a tilted position and a force acts in the opposite direction to the tipping direction, movement of the loading area is either enabled or disabled by the state of the drain valve. When the drain valve is closed, no hydraulic fluid can be drained from the hydraulic cylinder into the hydraulic tank, meaning the hydraulic cylinder cannot retract and the loading area cannot move. When the drain valve is open, hydraulic fluid can be drained from the hydraulic cylinder into the hydraulic tank, allowing the hydraulic cylinder to retract and the loading area to move in the opposite direction to the tipping direction. As long as the drain valve is closed, the loading area can only move in the tipping direction. This has the advantage of further reducing the risk of unexpected and unintentional movements of the loading area.

[0015] In a specific example, the transport vehicle could be a transport vehicle designed to transport vehicles and used as explained below. In a first state, the loading area is loaded with a vehicle to be transported, for example a small excavator, and is in an untipped position. In this example, the drain fitting is initially closed. Furthermore, the excavator could be parked on the loading area in such a way that, in the first state, an overall force acts on the loading area against the tipping direction. A second state can be achieved by shifting the weight of the excavator on the loading area, for example by carefully moving the excavator on the loading area. In the second state, the excavator is parked on the loading area in such a way that an overall force acts on the loading area in the tipping direction.In this state, the loading area moves in the tipping direction until the movement is stopped by the rear end of the loading area touching the ground or by reaching a stop. The state in which the loading area no longer moves is referred to below as the third state. In the third state, the excavator could, for example, be driven off the loading area. Since the drain valve is closed in the first, second and third states, the loading area cannot move against the tipping direction. In particular, the loading area cannot tip back against the tipping direction once the excavator has driven off the loading area. Only when the drain valve has been opened does the transport vehicle reach a fourth state in which the loading area can move against the tipping direction.In the example described here, the excavator could first be driven off the loading area in the third position, and then the fourth position could be initiated by opening the discharge valve, in which the loading area tilts back until the untilted position is reached. This example clearly illustrates the simple yet safe use of the transport vehicle.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the transport vehicle is designed such that the drain valve remains open while driving. This has the advantage that pressure cannot build up in the hydraulic system during driving, which could lead to an unintentional oil leak. Temperature differences also prevent pressure from building up accidentally. This makes the use of the transport vehicle even safer.

[0017] In one embodiment, the drain fitting is designed as a self-closing valve. In this embodiment, the drain fitting is therefore only in the open state as long as the drain fitting is operated, for example manually. As soon as the drain fitting is no longer operated, it returns to the closed state. This results in the advantage of this embodiment that the loading area can normally only move in one direction, in particular in the tipping direction. Only when the drain fitting is operated, in particular during deliberate manual operation, can the loading area move in the opposite direction, in particular against the tipping direction. This further reduces the risk of incorrect operation.Preferably, in this embodiment, the transport vehicle is further designed such that the drain fitting, designed as a self-closing valve, is automatically actuated when the loading area is in an untilted position. The untilted position is preferably a position of the loading area intended for driving. This results in the advantage that, in the position intended for driving, the drain fitting remains in the open state and pressure equalization can take place between the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic tank. The drain fitting can also be designed as a self-closing valve with the additional option of temporary locking in the open position, wherein the transport vehicle is designed such that the temporary locking is released as soon as the loading area reaches the untilted position.In this case, the self-closing valve would not have to be continuously operated manually to move the loading platform, for example, in the tipping direction. However, after reaching the untilted position and tilting the loading platform again in the tipping direction, an unintentional tipping back against the tipping direction would be prevented. This makes using the transport vehicle even easier and safer.

[0018] In one embodiment, the hydraulic tipping device further comprises a first throttle valve, which is connected and configured such that it controls the flow rate of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic cylinder into the hydraulic tank, in particular limits it to a predetermined maximum value. For example, the first throttle valve can be fluidly connected either to a) the hydraulic cylinder and the drain fitting or b) the drain fitting and the hydraulic tank. The first throttle valve is configured to control the flow rate of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic cylinder into the hydraulic tank. In particular, the first throttle valve can be configured to limit the flow rate of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic cylinder into the hydraulic tank to a predetermined maximum value. This slows down movement of the loading area even when the drain fitting is open, which makes the use of the transport vehicle even safer.

[0019] In one embodiment, the hydraulic tipping device further comprises a second throttle valve, which is fluidly connected to either a) the hydraulic cylinder and the one-way valve or b) the one-way valve and the hydraulic tank, and which is configured to control the flow rate of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic tank into the hydraulic cylinder. In particular, the second throttle valve can be configured to limit the flow rate of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic tank into the hydraulic cylinder to a predetermined maximum value. This slows down movement of the loading area, making the use of the transport vehicle even safer.

[0020] The hydraulic tipping device can also include a throttle valve connected to the hydraulic tank and both the drain fitting and the one-way valve. In such an embodiment, a single throttle valve could brake the movement of the loading bed in both directions. This makes the construction of the hydraulic tipping device even simpler while maintaining safety. The drain fitting and / or the one-way valve can also be designed such that the drain fitting and / or the one-way valve themselves fulfill the above-described function of a throttle valve. The hydraulic tipping device can also include hydraulic lines dimensioned to fulfill the above-described function of a throttle valve.The hydraulic tipping device can also include one or more filters that prevent dirt particles from the tank from penetrating the other components of the hydraulic tipping device and that are dimensioned to fulfill the above-described function of a throttle valve. In a preferred embodiment, the drain fitting is designed as a drain valve with an adjusting wheel, wherein the drain valve controls, in particular throttles, the flow rate of hydraulic fluid through the drain valve depending on the position of the adjusting wheel. This offers the advantage that a corresponding position of the adjusting wheel can control how quickly the loading area moves, in particular against the tipping direction, when hydraulic fluid flows through the drain valve.In a preferred embodiment, the one-way valve is designed such that it does not restrict the flow rate of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic tank through the one-way valve toward the hydraulic cylinder. This results in the advantage that hydraulic fluid can flow quickly from the hydraulic tank into the hydraulic cylinder, thus reducing the amount of deflection or compression of the loading area after tipping, particularly in the tipping direction.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic tipping device further comprises a first hydraulic pump, which is fluidly connected to the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic tank. The first hydraulic pump and the one-way valve are preferably connected such that hydraulic fluid can be pumped into the hydraulic cylinder. If the hydraulic tipping device comprises a drain fitting, the first hydraulic pump, the one-way valve and the drain fitting are preferably connected such that hydraulic fluid can be pumped into the hydraulic cylinder when the drain fitting is closed. In this embodiment, the first hydraulic pump makes it possible to move the loading area even without shifting weight, in particular in the tipping direction. This has the advantage that tipping the loading area is possible even when shifting weight is impossible or difficult.In addition, the hydraulic pump in this design allows the loading area to be moved very controlled even under load, making the transport vehicle even safer to use. Preferably, the first hydraulic pump, the one-way valve, and the drain fitting are connected in parallel.

[0022] The first hydraulic pump is preferably designed as a manually operated hydraulic pump. This has the advantage that a user of the transport vehicle is not dependent on additional aids to tilt the loading area using the hydraulic pump. The first hydraulic pump is preferably designed as a manually operated hand pump with a hand lever. However, the first hydraulic pump can also be designed as a hydraulic pump that can be operated with a cordless screwdriver. The first hydraulic pump can also be operated with another tool for generating torque, for example with electrically powered screwdrivers without a battery or with screwdrivers powered by compressed air. The first hydraulic pump can also be operated with a hand-operated crank.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic tipping device further comprises a second hydraulic pump that is fluidly connected to the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic tank, wherein the second hydraulic pump is designed as a hydraulic pump that can be operated with a cordless screwdriver. The second hydraulic pump and the one-way valve are preferably connected such that hydraulic fluid can be pumped into the hydraulic cylinder. If the hydraulic tipping device comprises a drain fitting, the second hydraulic pump, the one-way valve, and the drain fitting are preferably connected such that hydraulic fluid can be pumped into the hydraulic cylinder when the drain fitting is closed. This results in the advantage that controlled movement of the loading area, particularly in the tipping direction, is even easier and more convenient.The second hydraulic pump can also be operated with another tool for generating torque, for example, with electric screwdrivers without batteries or with pneumatic screwdrivers. The second hydraulic pump can also be operated with a hand-operated crank, which can be particularly advantageous if no other tool is available. Preferably, the second hydraulic pump, the one-way valve, and the drain fitting are connected in parallel.

[0024] In one embodiment, the first hydraulic pump and the second hydraulic pump are integrated into a hydraulic pump unit. In this embodiment, the first hydraulic pump of the hydraulic pump unit can be designed, for example, as a manually operated hydraulic pump with a hand lever, and the second hydraulic pump can be designed as a hydraulic pump operable with a cordless screwdriver.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic tipping device further comprises a safety valve that is fluidly connected to the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic tank, wherein the safety valve is designed to direct hydraulic fluid into the hydraulic tank when a predetermined pressure on the side of the safety valve connected to the hydraulic cylinder is exceeded. This results in the advantage that excessive overpressure cannot develop in the hydraulic tipping device, which could potentially damage the hydraulic tipping device or parts thereof. This makes the use of the transport vehicle even safer. The safety valve can in particular be designed as a controllable pressure relief valve. If the hydraulic tipping device comprises one or more hydraulic pumps, the safety valve is preferably designed such that it limits the maximum pressure that can be generated by the hydraulic pumps.The hydraulic tipping device can advantageously be designed such that the safety valve is arranged at the outlet of the hydraulic pumps. It should be understood that the safety valve is particularly designed to direct hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic cylinder into the hydraulic tank in emergency situations in order to protect the transport vehicle from damage. The transport vehicle is preferably designed such that, during normal operation, hydraulic fluid can be drained into the hydraulic tank in a controlled manner via the drain fitting, in particular only via the drain fitting.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the transport vehicle further comprises a mechanical lock, wherein the transport vehicle is designed such that the mechanical lock, in the closed state, prevents the loading area from tipping relative to the chassis. In particular, the mechanical lock can be designed as an eccentric lock. Preferably, the transport vehicle is designed such that the mechanical lock can be locked when the loading area is in an untilted position. In particular, the untilted position can be a position of the loading area intended for driving. For example, the mechanical lock can be designed as an eccentric lock which, in the locked state, connects the loading area to the chassis. In particular, an eccentric lock can be designed to connect the loading area to the towing device, for example to tow bars of the towing device, in the closed state.The mechanical locking mechanism offers the advantage of securing the loading area against accidental tipping, especially while driving. This makes using the transport vehicle even safer.

[0027] In one embodiment, the transport vehicle further comprises a loading ramp, wherein the transport vehicle is designed such that the loading ramp can be pivotally connected to the loading area. The loading ramp preferably has a first end and a second end, wherein the transport vehicle is designed such that, during use of the loading ramp, the first end of the loading ramp is pivotally connected to the loading area and the second end of the loading ramp rests on the ground. Such a connection of the loading ramp to the loading area is preferably possible regardless of the orientation of the loading area relative to the chassis. In particular, when the transport vehicle is designed to transport vehicles, the loading ramp further simplifies the use of the transport vehicle, since the vehicle to be transported can drive onto the loading area via the loading ramp.In this embodiment, it is also possible that driving onto the loading ramp creates a weight shift that causes the loading area to tip over. In a specific example, the transport vehicle could be a transport vehicle designed to transport vehicles and used as explained below. In a first state, the unloaded loading area is in an untipped position and the loading ramp is attached to the loading area with its first end and rests on the ground with its second end. In the first state, the drain fitting is closed. In this example, the intention could be to load a small excavator. In a second state, this small excavator could carefully drive onto the loading ramp, exerting a force on the loading area that causes it to tip in the tipping direction.A third condition occurs when the rear end of the loading area touches the ground or a stop is reached. The excavator can now drive onto the loading area. Further weight shifting does not cause the loading area to move because the drain valve remains closed and prevents the hydraulic fluid from draining from the hydraulic cylinder into the hydraulic tank. Once the excavator has been driven onto the loading area, the drain valve can be opened so that, with appropriate positioning of the excavator, the loading area is moved by gravity against the tipping direction until it finally reaches the untipped position again. As explained in the example, the transport vehicle can be loaded with another vehicle without the need to operate a hydraulic pump. This example therefore clearly illustrates the simple and safe process of loading a vehicle onto the transport vehicle.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic tank is made entirely or predominantly of metal. This offers the advantage that other components of the hydraulic tilting device, in particular the one-way valve, can be securely attached to the hydraulic tank or securely connected to the hydraulic tank. In a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic fluid is hydraulic oil.

[0029] The object is also achieved by a hydraulic tipping device for a transport vehicle, in particular a transport trailer, with a tiltable loading area and a chassis, wherein the hydraulic tipping device comprises: - a hydraulic cylinder connected to the tiltable loading area and the chassis in such a way that extension of the hydraulic cylinder causes the loading area to tilt relative to the chassis, - a hydraulic tank designed to hold hydraulic fluid, - a one-way valve, in particular designed as a check valve, which is fluidically connected to the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic tank in such a way that a unidirectional connection is formed for hydraulic fluid flowing from the hydraulic tank to the hydraulic cylinder.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic tilting device also comprises a drain fitting, in particular designed as a manually controlled drain valve, which is fluidically connected to the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic tank in such a way that, when the drain fitting is open, hydraulic fluid can be drained from the hydraulic cylinder into the hydraulic tank, wherein the one-way valve and the drain fitting are connected in such a way that a) when the drain fitting is closed, there is a unidirectional connection from the hydraulic tank to the hydraulic cylinder at least through the one-way valve, in particular without hydraulic fluid being able to be drained from the hydraulic cylinder into the hydraulic tank, and b) when the drain fitting is open, hydraulic fluid can be drained from the hydraulic cylinder into the hydraulic tank at least through the drain fitting.

[0031] Furthermore, the object is achieved by a hydraulic unit for a transport vehicle, in particular a transport trailer, with a tiltable loading area, a chassis, a hydraulic cylinder which controls the tilting of the loading area relative to the chassis, and a hydraulic tank which is designed to hold hydraulic fluid, wherein the hydraulic unit comprises: - a first hydraulic connection unit which can be fluidly connected to the hydraulic cylinder, - a second hydraulic connection unit which can be fluidly connected to the hydraulic tank, - a one-way valve, in particular designed as a check valve, which is fluidically connected to the first hydraulic connection unit and the second hydraulic connection unit in such a way that a unidirectional connection is formed for hydraulic fluid flowing from the second hydraulic connection unit to the first hydraulic connection unit,- a drain fitting, in particular designed as a manually controlled drain valve, which is fluidically connected to the first hydraulic connection unit and the second hydraulic connection unit in such a way that, when the drain fitting is open, a connection is formed for hydraulic fluid flowing from the first hydraulic connection unit to the second hydraulic connection unit, wherein the one-way valve and the drain fitting are connected in such a way that a) when the drain fitting is closed, a unidirectional connection from the second hydraulic connection unit to the first hydraulic connection unit exists at least through the one-way valve, in particular without hydraulic fluid being able to flow from the first hydraulic connection unit to the second hydraulic connection unit,and b) when the drain fitting is open, there is a connection from the first hydraulic connection unit to the second hydraulic connection unit at least through the drain fitting.

[0032] In one embodiment, the first hydraulic connection unit can be designed as a simple hydraulic connection, for example in the form of a hydraulic threaded connection.

[0033] In one embodiment, the second hydraulic connection unit can be designed as a simple hydraulic connection, for example in the form of a hydraulic threaded connection. The second hydraulic connection unit can also comprise a plurality of hydraulic connections. In particular, the second hydraulic connection unit can comprise a first hydraulic connection and a second hydraulic connection, wherein the first hydraulic connection is connected to the one-way valve and can be connected to the hydraulic tank, and wherein the second hydraulic connection is connected to the drain fitting and can be connected to the hydraulic tank. The first hydraulic connection of the second hydraulic connection unit and / or the second hydraulic connection of the second hydraulic connection unit can be designed, for example, as a hydraulic threaded connection.

[0034] The invention is described in more detail below using preferred embodiments with reference to the attached figures, in which Fig. 1 shows schematically and exemplarily a transport vehicle with a tiltable loading area, a chassis and a hydraulic tipping device, Fig. 2 schematically and exemplarily an enlarged and rotated view of the Fig. 1 shown transport vehicle, Fig. 3 shows schematically and exemplarily a hydraulic circuit diagram of a hydraulic tipping device, Fig. 4 shows schematically and exemplarily a hydraulic cylinder, Fig. 5 shows schematically and exemplarily an unloading process of a transport vehicle with a tiltable loading area, and Fig. 6 shows schematically and exemplarily a loading process of a transport vehicle with a tiltable loading area.

[0035] Fig. 1 shows a transport vehicle with a tiltable loading area 2, a chassis 3 and a hydraulic tipping device 4. In this exemplary embodiment, the transport vehicle is a transport trailer 1, which is designed in particular for transporting vehicles.

[0036] The loading area 2 of the transport trailer 1 comprises two webs 21, 21', which are designed to accommodate the wheels of a vehicle to be transported. The loading area 2 can also comprise other components, such as stabilizing frame elements 22 and lighting 23, or even attachment points for fastening material. However, the loading area 2 can generally also be designed differently. For example, instead of the two webs 21, 21', the loading area 2 could also comprise one or more rails for receiving wheels, in particular for receiving wheels of motorcycles or bicycles. Instead of the two webs 21, 21', the loading area 2 could also comprise a flat surface for storing transported goods. In general, the loading area 2 can also be designed to accommodate side walls and / or transport boxes.

[0037] The chassis 3 of the transport trailer 1 comprises, among other things, axles, a frame, and a towing device. In the embodiment shown here as an example, the towing device comprises two V-shaped drawbars 31 and could therefore also be referred to as a V-drawbar. At the pointed end of the V-drawbar is a coupling 32, which can be equipped, for example, with an overrun device. In the present example, the V-drawbar also comprises a support wheel 33 and a handbrake 34. Wheels are also attached to the chassis 3. In general, other components can also be attached to the chassis 3, such as lighting or a cable winch.

[0038] The tiltable loading area 2 and the chassis 3 are connected to each other by an articulated joint. In the example shown here, the transport trailer 1 is designed such that tilting the loading area 2 relative to the chassis 3 corresponds to a rotation of the loading area around a defined axis of rotation. The axis of rotation is defined by pivot points, at which, for example, joints are located that connect the loading area and the chassis to each other in an articulated manner. Fig. 1 one of two pivot points, namely pivot point 11, can be seen.

[0039] The transport trailer 1 further comprises a hydraulic tipping device 4. The hydraulic tipping device 4 comprises a hydraulic cylinder 41, which is connected to the tiltable loading area 2 and the chassis 3 in such a way that an extension of the hydraulic cylinder 41 causes the loading area 2 to tilt relative to the chassis 3. The hydraulic tipping device 4 further comprises a hydraulic unit 42, which will be described below with reference to Fig. 2. The hydraulic tilting device comprises a hydraulic tank 43, a one-way valve in the form of the check valve 44, and a drain fitting in the form of the manually controlled drain valve 45. The hydraulic tank 43 is designed to hold hydraulic fluid. The check valve 44 is fluidically connected to the hydraulic cylinder 41 and the hydraulic tank 43 in such a way that a unidirectional connection is formed for hydraulic fluid flowing from the hydraulic tank 43 to the hydraulic cylinder 41. The drain valve 45 is fluidically connected to the hydraulic cylinder 41 and the hydraulic tank 43 in such a way that, when the drain valve 45 is open, hydraulic fluid can be drained from the hydraulic cylinder 41 into the hydraulic tank 43. The check valve 44 and the drain valve 45 are connected in parallel.This means that when the drain valve 45 is closed, a unidirectional connection from the hydraulic tank 43 to the hydraulic cylinder 41 exists at least through the check valve 44, in particular without hydraulic fluid being able to be drained from the hydraulic cylinder 41 into the hydraulic tank 43. In this state, hydraulic fluid can therefore flow at least through the check valve 44 from the hydraulic tank 43 to the hydraulic cylinder 41, but not from the hydraulic cylinder 41 to the hydraulic tank 43. When the drain valve 45 is open, hydraulic fluid can be drained from the hydraulic cylinder 41 into the hydraulic tank 43 at least through the drain valve 45. In this state, hydraulic fluid can therefore flow at least through the drain valve 45 from the hydraulic cylinder 41 to the hydraulic tank 43.

[0040] The hydraulic tilting device 4 can further comprise a hydraulic pump 46, which is fluidly connected to the hydraulic cylinder 41 and the hydraulic tank 43. In the example shown here, the hydraulic pump 46 is connected in parallel with the check valve 44 and the drain valve 45 such that hydraulic fluid can be pumped into the hydraulic cylinder 41 when the drain valve 45 is closed. In the embodiment shown here, the hydraulic pump 46 is designed as a manually operated hydraulic pump. The hydraulic tilting device can also comprise a further hydraulic pump, as described below with reference to the Fig. 3 shown hydraulic circuit diagram is explained.

[0041] The hydraulic unit 42, which has the check valve 44 and the drain valve 45, also comprises, in the embodiment shown here, a first hydraulic connection unit in the form of a hydraulic connection 47, which is fluidly connectable to the hydraulic cylinder 41, and a second hydraulic connection unit in the form of a first hydraulic connection and a second hydraulic connection. The first hydraulic connection of the second hydraulic connection unit is connected to the check valve 44 and is connectable to the hydraulic tank 43. The second hydraulic connection of the second hydraulic connection unit is connected to the drain valve 45 and is connectable to the hydraulic tank 43. In the embodiment shown here, the hydraulic unit further comprises the hydraulic pump 46.

[0042] In the transport trailer 1 shown here, the hydraulic cylinder 41 is a single-acting hydraulic cylinder that extends when hydraulic fluid flows into the hydraulic cylinder. The transport trailer 1 is also designed such that during a movement of the loading area 2 in the tipping direction, the hydraulic cylinder 41 is extended, and during a movement of the loading area 2 against the tipping direction, the hydraulic cylinder 41 is retracted. A movement of the loading area 2 in the tipping direction here refers to a tipping of the loading area 2, during which the front end of the loading area 2 is raised. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 each show the transport trailer 1 with retracted hydraulic cylinder 41. Here, the loading area 2 is in an untilted position. As in Fig. 1, the loading area 2 is arranged substantially horizontally in the non-tilted position when the transport trailer 1 is standing on a horizontal plane. In this example, the transport trailer is designed such that the non-tilted position is a position of the loading area 2 intended for driving. In the embodiment shown here as an example, the transport trailer 1 further comprises a mechanical closure in the form of two eccentric closures 51, 51', which in Fig. 1 and especially in Fig. 2 are clearly visible. The transport trailer 1 is designed such that the mechanical lock, when closed, prevents the loading area 2 from tipping relative to the chassis 3 and thus fixes the loading area 2 in the non-tilted position.

[0043] The transport trailer 1 may further comprise a loading ramp having a first end and a second end (in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 not shown). The transport trailer 1 is preferably designed such that the first end of the loading ramp can be pivotally connected to the rear end of the loading area 2 facing away from the drawbar. During use of the loading ramp, the first end of the loading ramp is pivotally connected to the loading area 2 and the second end of the loading ramp rests on the ground. Such a connection of the loading ramp to the loading area 2 is preferably possible regardless of the orientation of the loading area 2 relative to the chassis 3. Such a loading ramp makes it possible to drive a vehicle to be transported onto the loading area 2 via the loading ramp. The transport trailer 1 can also comprise several, in particular two, loading ramps, which can each be connected, for example, to the webs 21, 21'.

[0044] The transport trailer 1 is designed such that, without a load, the center of gravity of the loading area 2 lies in the direction of the coupling 32, viewed from the axis of rotation defined by the pivot points 11. Without a load, a force therefore acts on the loading area 2 in the tipping direction. When the loading area 2 is in a tilted position, movement of the loading area 2 against the tipping direction is either enabled or disabled by the state of the drain valve 45. When closed, no hydraulic fluid can be drained from the hydraulic cylinder 41 into the hydraulic tank 43, so that the hydraulic cylinder 41 cannot retract and, therefore, no movement of the loading area 2 takes place. When open, the drain valve 45 can drain hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic cylinder 41 into the hydraulic tank 43, so that the hydraulic cylinder 41 can retract and, thus, movement of the loading area 2 against the tipping direction takes place.If the loading area 2 is in a tilted position, the loading area 2 will not move as long as the drain valve 45 is closed. At the same time, even with the drain valve 45 closed, the loading area 2 can still be moved in the tilting direction, since the check valve 44 allows hydraulic fluid to flow from the hydraulic tank 43 into the hydraulic cylinder 41, thus allowing the hydraulic cylinder 41 to extend. A movement of the loading area 2 in the tilting direction can be achieved, for example, by shifting weight on the loading area 2. The intended use of the hydraulic tilting device 4 is explained in more detail below using specific examples.

[0045] For a better understanding of the hydraulic tipping device 4, Fig. 3 shows a schematic circuit diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a hydraulic tilting device 6, which also includes the essential components of the hydraulic tilting device 4. The hydraulic tilting device 6 comprises a hydraulic cylinder 61, a hydraulic tank 63, a one-way valve 64 and a drain fitting 65. The one-way valve 64 and the drain fitting 65 are designed and connected in such a way that a) when the drain fitting 65 is closed, there is a unidirectional connection from the hydraulic tank 63 to the hydraulic cylinder 61 at least through the one-way valve 64, in particular without hydraulic fluid being able to be drained from the hydraulic cylinder 61 into the hydraulic tank 63, and b) when the drain fitting 65 is open, hydraulic fluid can be drained from the hydraulic cylinder 61 into the hydraulic tank 63 at least through the drain fitting 65.The hydraulic tilting device 6 also includes a manually operable first hydraulic pump 66, which is configured and interconnected with the other components of the hydraulic tilting device 6 such that, at least when the drain fitting 65 is closed, hydraulic fluid can be pumped from the hydraulic tank 63 into the hydraulic cylinder 61. In one embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder 61, the hydraulic tank 63, the one-way valve 64, the drain fitting 65, and the first hydraulic pump 66 could be configured as hydraulic cylinder 41, hydraulic tank 43, check valve 44, drain valve 45, and hydraulic pump 46.

[0046] Furthermore, the hydraulic tilting device 6 comprises a second hydraulic pump 67, which is designed and connected to the other components of the hydraulic tilting device 6 such that, at least when the drain fitting 65 is closed, hydraulic fluid can be pumped from the hydraulic tank 63 into the hydraulic cylinder 61. The second hydraulic pump 67 is preferably designed as a hydraulic pump operable with a cordless screwdriver. Instead of a cordless screwdriver, the second hydraulic pump 67 can also be operated with another tool for generating torque, for example with electrically powered screwdrivers without a battery or with screwdrivers powered by compressed air. The second hydraulic pump can also be operated with a hand-operated crank if no other tool is available.

[0047] The first hydraulic pump 66 and the second hydraulic pump 67 can also be integrated into a hydraulic pump unit.

[0048] The hydraulic tilting device 6 may also comprise filters 68, 68' which prevent the penetration of dirt particles from the hydraulic tank 63 into the other components of the hydraulic tilting device 6, in particular into the hydraulic pumps 66, 67.

[0049] The hydraulic tilting device 6 can also include a safety valve 69, which is fluidly connected to the hydraulic cylinder 61 and the hydraulic tank 63. The safety valve 69 is designed to direct hydraulic fluid into the hydraulic tank 63 when a predetermined pressure is exceeded on the side of the safety valve connected to the hydraulic cylinder 61. The safety valve 69 can, in particular, be designed as a controllable pressure relief valve. The safety valve 69 can advantageously be arranged at the outlet of the hydraulic pumps 66, 67, so that it absorbs pressure peaks generated by the hydraulic pumps 66, 67 before the remaining components of the hydraulic tilting device 6 are damaged.

[0050] The hydraulic tilting device 6 may also comprise a first and / or a second throttle valve (not shown in Fig. 3). The first throttle valve can be fluidically connected to either a) the hydraulic cylinder 61 and the drain fitting 65 or b) the drain fitting 65 and the hydraulic tank 63. In this case, the first throttle valve is designed to control the flow rate of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic cylinder 61 into the hydraulic tank 63. In particular, the first throttle valve can be designed to limit the flow rate of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic cylinder 61 into the hydraulic tank 63 to a predetermined maximum value. The second throttle valve can be fluidically connected to either a) the hydraulic cylinder and the one-way valve or b) the one-way valve and the hydraulic tank. In this case, the second throttle valve can be designed to control the flow rate of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic tank 63 into the hydraulic cylinder 61.In particular, the second throttle valve can be designed to limit the flow rate of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic tank 63 into the hydraulic cylinder 61 to a predetermined maximum value. Other components of the hydraulic tilting device 6 can also be designed to fulfill the previously described functions of the throttle valves. In particular, the one-way valve 64, the drain fitting 65 and / or the hydraulic lines can be designed to control the flow rate of hydraulic fluid and, in particular, to limit it to a predetermined maximum value. In a preferred embodiment, the drain fitting 65 is designed as a drain valve with an adjusting wheel, wherein the drain valve controls, in particular throttles, the flow rate of hydraulic fluid through the drain valve depending on the position of the adjusting wheel.Thus, by adjusting the setting wheel accordingly, the speed at which the bed moves when hydraulic fluid flows through the drain valve can be controlled. In a preferred embodiment, the one-way valve 64 is designed such that it does not restrict the flow rate of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic tank 63 through the one-way valve 64 toward the hydraulic cylinder 61. Thus, hydraulic fluid can flow quickly from the hydraulic tank 63 into the hydraulic cylinder 61, so that the bed yields or deflects only slightly after tipping.

[0051] In this example, the hydraulic cylinder 61 of the hydraulic tipping device 6 is designed as a single-acting hydraulic cylinder with a chamber 611 for hydraulic fluid, a piston 612, and a vent valve 613. The piston 61 is connected, as described above, to a chassis and a tiltable loading area of ​​a transport vehicle. Extension of the piston 612 coincides with the inflow of hydraulic fluid into the chamber 611. Conversely, retraction of the piston 612 coincides with the outflow of hydraulic fluid from the chamber 611. In the embodiment shown here, the inflow of hydraulic fluid into the chamber 611 can be caused either by one of the pumps 66, 67 or by a tensile force acting on the piston in the direction of the extended state. Such a tensile force can occur, for example, if there is a corresponding weight shift on the loading area.In the embodiment shown here, hydraulic fluid can flow out of chamber 611 by a thrust force acting on the piston toward the retracted state. Such a thrust force can occur, for example, when a corresponding weight shift occurs on the loading area.

[0052] The connections between the individual elements of the hydraulic tilting device 6 can comprise hydraulic lines and / or hydraulic connections. These hydraulic connections can be designed as hydraulic threaded connections and, for example, each comprise a G 3 / 8 thread.

[0053] The one-way valve 64 and the drain fitting 65 as well as the Fig. The hydraulic connections shown in Figure 3, each connected to the one-way valve 64, the drain fitting 65, the hydraulic cylinder 61, or the hydraulic tank 63, could also be referred to as hydraulic unit 62. The hydraulic unit 62 may also include the hydraulic pump 66 and / or the hydraulic pump 67 and the corresponding hydraulic connections.

[0054] A more detailed schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of the hydraulic cylinder 61 is shown in Fig. 4. The hydraulic cylinder 61 can, for example, have fastening openings with a diameter 6101, 6101' of 20 mm, wherein the distance 6102 of the centers of the fastening openings in the retracted state is 645 mm and the distance 6103 of the centers of the fastening openings in the extended state is 1095 mm. This results in a stroke 6104 of 450 mm. The cylinder, which, among other things, forms the chamber 611 and in which the inner end of the piston 612 moves, can have a length 6105 of 580 mm and a diameter 6106 of 63 mm and comprise a hydraulic connection 614 with a length 6107 of 20 mm and a G 3 / 8 thread. The piston 612 can have a diameter 6108 of 40 mm. Further exemplary values ​​for the Fig. 4 dimensioned sizes are: 35 mm for length 6109, 30 mm for length 6110, 25 mm for length 6111 and 25 mm for radius of curvature 6112.

[0055] In the following, two concrete examples and the Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the intended use of the hydraulic tipping device is clearly explained. In these examples, the transport vehicle could be the transport trailer 1 described above. In particular, the transport trailer 1 can be designed to transport vehicles. In the following examples, it is intended to unload an excavator 7 from the transport trailer 1 as in Fig. 5 or to load the transport trailer 1 with the excavator 7 as shown in Fig. 6. For reasons of clarity, the transport trailer 1 is shown in the Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is only shown schematically. In addition, the Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 simplified hydraulic circuit diagrams of the hydraulic tipping device are shown, each showing the hydraulic tank 43, the hydraulic cylinder 41, the check valve 44 and the drain valve 45.

[0056] In the following, a discharge process with four essential states is explained as an example. Fig. Figure 5A shows the transport trailer 1 and the excavator 7 in a first state. In the first state, the loading area 2 is loaded with the excavator 7 and the discharge valve 45 is closed. The excavator 7 is parked on the loading area 2 in such a way that, in the first state, a total force acts on the loading area 2 counter to the tipping direction. Fig. Figure 5B shows a second state, which is achieved by shifting the weight of the excavator 7 on the loading bed 2, in this case by carefully reversing the excavator 7 on the loading bed 2. In the second state, the excavator 7 is parked on the loading bed 2 in such a way that a total force acts on the loading bed 2 in the tipping direction. In this state, the loading bed 2 moves from the untilted position until a tilted position suitable for unloading is reached. Reaching the tilted position suitable for unloading can, for example, correspond to the rear end of the loading bed 2 touching the ground or reaching a stop. The state in which the loading bed 2 is in the tilted position and no longer moves could be referred to as the third state and is shown in the Fig. In the third state, the excavator could, for example, be completely lowered from the loading area, as in Fig. shown. Since in the first, second and third states the discharge valve 45 is closed, the loading area 2 cannot move against the tipping direction. In particular, the loading area 2 cannot tip back against the tipping direction once the excavator 7 has left the loading area. Only when the discharge valve 45 has been opened does the transport vehicle enter a fourth state and the loading area 2 can be moved as shown in Fig. 5D shown tilt in the opposite direction to the tipping direction. In the example described here, the excavator 7 could initially be driven from the loading area 2 in the third state ( Fig. 5C and Fig. 5C') and then by opening the drain valve 45, the fourth state is brought about, in which the loading area 2 tilts again in the opposite direction to the tipping direction until the non-tilted position is reached. Although in the example of an unloading process described here, the tilting of the loading area 2 is achieved solely by weight shifts and the actuation of the drain valve 45, the hydraulic tipping device of the transport trailer 1 can also comprise hydraulic pumps, with which, in particular in the second state (cf. Fig. 5B) tilting of the loading area 2 in the tilting direction can be effected. It should also be understood that the transport trailer 1 can comprise a mechanical closure, in particular designed as an eccentric closure, which prevents tilting of the loading area 2 from the untilted position as long as it is closed.

[0057] The following example explains a loading process with four essential states. In this example, the transport trailer 1 also includes a loading ramp 8. Fig. Figure 6A shows the transport trailer 1 and the excavator 7 in a first state. In the first state, the unloaded loading area 2 is in the untipped position, and the loading ramp 8 is hinged to the loading area 2 at its first end and rests on the ground at its second end. In the first state, the drain valve 45 is closed. Fig. Figure 6B shows a second state. In the second state, the small excavator 7 could carefully drive onto the loading ramp 8, whereby a force acts on the loading area 2 such that it moves in the tilting direction. When the loading area 2 has reached a tilted position suitable for loading, the third state is reached, which is shown in Fig. 6C. Now the excavator 7 can be moved as shown in Fig. 6C', drive completely onto the loading area 2. The resulting further weight shift does not cause any movement of the loading area 2, since the drain valve 45 remains closed and prevents the hydraulic fluid from draining from the hydraulic cylinder 41 into the hydraulic tank 43. Fig. 6D shows a fourth state, which was brought about by opening the drain valve. With appropriate positioning of the excavator 7, the loading area 2 is moved by gravity against the tipping direction until the non-tilted position is finally reached. Although in the example of a loading process described here, the tipping of the loading area 2 was achieved by driving the excavator 7 onto the loading ramp, loading of the transport trailer is also possible without a loading ramp. For example, in the second state, a user can step onto the rear part of the loading area 2, causing the loading area to move in the tipping direction. In addition, the hydraulic tipping device of the transport trailer 1 can also comprise hydraulic pumps, which can be used, in particular, in the second state (cf. Fig. 6B) a tilting of the loading area 2 in the tilting direction can be effected.

[0058] Although in the embodiments described above the transport vehicle with a tiltable loading area, a chassis and a hydraulic tipping device is a transport trailer, this vehicle may also be another vehicle such as a truck.

[0059] In the claims, the words “comprising” and “including” do not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article “a” does not exclude a plurality.

[0060] A single unit or device may have the functions of multiple elements listed in the claims. The fact that individual functions and elements are listed in different dependent claims does not mean that a combination of these functions or elements could not also be advantageously used.

[0061] The reference signs in the claims are not to be understood as limiting the subject matter and scope of protection of the claims by these reference signs.

Claims

[1] Transport vehicle, in particular transport trailer (1), with a tiltable loading area (2), a chassis (3) and a hydraulic tilting device (4, 6), wherein the hydraulic tilting device (4, 6) comprises: - a hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) connected to the tiltable loading area (2) and the chassis (3) in such a way that an extension of the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) causes the loading area (2) to tilt relative to the chassis (3), - a hydraulic tank (43, 63) designed to hold hydraulic fluid, and - a one-way valve (44, 64), in particular designed as a check valve (44), which is fluidically connected to the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) and the hydraulic tank (43, 63) in such a way that a unidirectional connection is formed for hydraulic fluid flowing from the hydraulic tank (43, 63) to the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61). [2] Transport vehicle according to claim 1, characterized bythat the hydraulic tilting device (4, 6) comprises a drain fitting (45, 65), in particular designed as a manually controlled drain valve (45), which is fluidically connected to the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) and the hydraulic tank (43, 63) in such a way that, when the drain fitting (45, 65) is open, hydraulic fluid can be drained from the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) into the hydraulic tank (43, 63), wherein the one-way valve (44, 64) and the drain fitting (45, 65) are connected in such a way that a) when the drain fitting (45, 65) is closed, there is a unidirectional connection from the hydraulic tank (43, 63) to the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) at least through the one-way valve (44, 64), in particular without hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) flowing into the hydraulic tank (43, 63) can be drained, and b) when the drain fitting (45, 65) is open, hydraulic fluid is drained from the hydraulic cylinder (41,61) can be drained into the hydraulic tank (43, 63). [3] Transport vehicle according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized by that the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) of the tilting device (4, 6) is a single-acting hydraulic cylinder. [4] Transport vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that during a movement of the loading area (2) in the tipping direction the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) is extended and during a movement of the loading area (2) against the tipping direction the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) is retracted. [5] Transport vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the transport vehicle is designed such that, when the transport vehicle is on a horizontal plane, the loading area (2) is arranged substantially horizontally when the loading area (2) is in an untilted position. [6] Transport vehicle according to one of claims 2 to 5, as far as dependent on claim 2, characterized by that the drain fitting is designed as a self-closing valve. [7] Transport vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the hydraulic tilting device further comprises: a first throttle valve which is switched and designed such that it controls the flow rate of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic cylinder into the hydraulic tank, in particular limits it to a predetermined maximum value. [8] Transport vehicle according to claim 7, as far as it relates back to claim 2, characterized by that the first throttle valve is fluidically connected either to a) the hydraulic cylinder and the drain fitting or b) the drain fitting and the hydraulic tank. [9] Transport vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the hydraulic tilting device further comprises: a second throttle valve which is fluidically connected either to a) the hydraulic cylinder and the one-way valve or b) the one-way valve and the hydraulic tank and which is designed to control the flow rate of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic tank into the hydraulic cylinder, in particular to limit it to a predetermined maximum value. [10] Transport vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the hydraulic tilting device (4, 6) further comprises: a first hydraulic pump (46, 66) which is fluidly connected to the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) and the hydraulic tank (43, 63), wherein the first hydraulic pump (46, 66) and the one-way valve (44, 64) are connected such that hydraulic fluid can be pumped into the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61). [11] Transport vehicle according to claim 10, characterized bythat the first hydraulic pump (46, 66) is designed as a manually operated hydraulic pump. [12] Transport vehicle according to one of claims 10 and 11, characterized by that the hydraulic tilting device (6) further comprises: a second hydraulic pump (67) which is fluidly connected to the hydraulic cylinder (61) and the hydraulic tank (63), wherein the second hydraulic pump (67) is designed as a hydraulic pump which can be operated with a cordless screwdriver and wherein the second hydraulic pump (67) and the one-way valve (64) are connected in such a way that hydraulic fluid can be pumped into the hydraulic cylinder (61). [13] Transport vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the hydraulic tilting device (6) further comprises: a safety valve (69) which is fluidly connected to the hydraulic cylinder (61) and the hydraulic tank (63), wherein the safety valve (69) is designed to direct hydraulic fluid into the hydraulic tank (63) when a predetermined pressure on the side of the safety valve (69) connected to the hydraulic cylinder (61) is exceeded. [14] Transport vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the transport vehicle further comprises: a mechanical closure, in particular designed as an eccentric closure (51, 51'), wherein the transport vehicle is designed such that the mechanical closure, in the closed state, prevents the loading area (2) from tipping relative to the chassis (3). [15] Transport vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the transport vehicle further comprises: a loading ramp having a first end and a second end, wherein the transport vehicle is designed such that the first end of the loading ramp can be articulated to the loading area. [16] Hydraulic tipping device (4, 6) for a transport vehicle, in particular a transport trailer, with a tiltable loading area (2) and a chassis (3), the hydraulic tipping device (4, 6) comprising: - a hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) connected to the tiltable loading area (2) and the chassis (3) in such a way that an extension of the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) causes the loading area (2) to tilt relative to the chassis (3), - a hydraulic tank (43, 63) designed to hold hydraulic fluid, - a one-way valve (44, 64), in particular designed as a check valve, which is fluidically connected to the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) and the hydraulic tank (43, 63) in such a way that a unidirectional connection is formed for hydraulic fluid flowing from the hydraulic tank (43, 63) to the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61). [17] Hydraulic tilting device according to claim 16, characterized bythat the hydraulic tilting device comprises a drain fitting (45, 65), in particular designed as a manually controlled drain valve, which is fluidically connected to the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) and the hydraulic tank (43, 63) in such a way that, when the drain fitting (45, 65) is open, hydraulic fluid can be drained from the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) into the hydraulic tank (43, 63), wherein the one-way valve (44, 64) and the drain fitting (45, 65) are connected in such a way that a) when the drain fitting (45, 65) is closed, there is a unidirectional connection from the hydraulic tank (43, 63) to the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) at least through the one-way valve (44, 64), in particular without hydraulic fluid being able to be drained from the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) into the hydraulic tank (43, 63), and b) when the drain fitting (45, 65) is open, hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) into the hydraulic tank (43,63) is drainable., [18] Hydraulic unit (42, 62) for a transport vehicle, in particular a transport trailer, with a tiltable loading area (2), a chassis (3), a hydraulic cylinder (41, 61) which controls the tilting of the loading area (2) relative to the chassis (3), and a hydraulic tank (43, 63) which is designed to hold hydraulic fluid, the hydraulic unit (42, 62) comprising: - a first hydraulic connection unit (47) which can be fluidly connected to the hydraulic cylinder (41, 61), - a second hydraulic connection unit which can be fluidly connected to the hydraulic tank (43, 63), - a one-way valve (44, 64), in particular designed as a check valve, which is fluidically connected to the first hydraulic connection unit (47) and the second hydraulic connection unit in such a way that a unidirectional connection is formed for hydraulic fluid flowing from the second hydraulic connection unit to the first hydraulic connection unit (47), - a drain fitting (45, 65), in particular designed as a manually controlled drain valve, which is fluidically connected to the first hydraulic connection unit (47) and the second hydraulic connection unit in such a way that, when the drain fitting (45, 65) is in the open state, a connection is formed for hydraulic fluid flowing from the first hydraulic connection unit (47) to the second hydraulic connection unit, wherein the one-way valve (44, 64) and the drain fitting are connected in such a way that a) when the drain fitting (45, 65) is closed, there is a unidirectional connection from the second hydraulic connection unit to the first hydraulic connection unit (47) at least through the one-way valve (44, 64), in particular without hydraulic fluid being able to flow from the first hydraulic connection unit (47) to the second hydraulic connection unit, and b) when the drain fitting (45, 65) is open, there is a connection from the first hydraulic connection unit (47) to the second hydraulic connection unit at least through the drain fitting (45, 65).

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