Bush bearings

Abstract

bush bearings, comprising an inner part (10), an outer part (18) defining a bushing body (20), at least one spring (22, 24) arranged at least in sections between the inner part (10) and the outer part (18), and at least one stop (28) extending in the radial direction from the inner part (10) towards the outer part (18), wherein the stop (28) is oriented obliquely to a longitudinal axis of the inner part (10).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a bush bearing comprising an inner part, an outer part defining a bush body and a spring arranged at least in sections between the inner part and the outer part, which spring is also referred to as a support spring.

[0002] Such bush bearings are generally known and are used in vehicles, for example, to support components of the engine and / or chassis.

[0003] For example, EP 4 056 864 A1 discloses a corresponding bush bearing.

[0004] However, a different objective is pursued here. For example, with the bushing known from EP 4 056 864 A1, the progression, i.e., the nonlinear behavior of the stiffness, cannot be adjusted independently of the axial stiffness.

[0005] DE 20 2024 106 385 A1 discloses a bushing bearing with a stop inside the bushing body. The content of DE 20 2024 106 385 A1 is incorporated into this application, for example, with regard to feasibility and / or possible embodiments.

[0006] A disadvantage of DE 20 2024 106 385 A1 is that under certain installation situations it can become jammed.

[0007] It is an object of the invention to provide a bush bearing in which the progression can be adjusted at least substantially independently of the axial stiffness, preferably avoiding tilting.

[0008] This problem is solved by a bush bearing having the features of claim 1.

[0009] According to the invention, the bush bearing has an inner part.

[0010] The inner part can, for example, be elongated.

[0011] For example, the inner part can be made of one or more parts.

[0012] Preferably, the inner part can comprise or consist of a sword, also referred to as a bone. Optionally, the sword can be surrounded by an inner core. For example, the inner core can in turn be surrounded by inserts.

[0013] The blade can, for example, be designed as a flat, preferably axially symmetrical, component. An opening can be provided at each end area, for example.

[0014] For example, the inner part and / or the insert may comprise or consist of a metal and / or plastic material.

[0015] The bushing bearing has an outer part which defines a bushing body.

[0016] The outer part can, for example, have an outer sleeve, which can also be referred to as a bearing outer sleeve, and / or an outer ring.

[0017] Preferably, the outer part is elongated.

[0018] For example, the outer part can form a hollow cylinder and / or a ring. The outer part can be formed as one piece or in multiple parts, e.g., two pieces.

[0019] Preferably, the outer part is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the bush bearing.

[0020] For example, the outer part may comprise or consist of a metal and / or plastic material.

[0021] The outer part preferably surrounds the inner part. The outer part and the inner part are preferably arranged coaxially and / or concentrically with respect to a common longitudinal axis.

[0022] The inner part, preferably the sword, can, for example, be longer than the socket body and protrude beyond the socket body, for example on both sides.

[0023] For example, loads and / or vibrations can be introduced into the inner part. The outer part then transmits the reduced vibrations. Alternatively or additionally, loads and / or vibrations can be introduced into the outer part. The inner part then transmits the reduced vibrations. The force introduction and / or force transmission can also occur simultaneously from the inside to the outside and from the outside to the inside.

[0024] The bush bearing has a spring arranged at least in sections between the inner part and the outer part.

[0025] The spring can be, for example, a radial spring, an axial spring, or a combination of both. Preferably, several springs can be provided.

[0026] The effect of the radial spring in the radial direction is greater than the effect in the axial direction.

[0027] The main purpose of the radial spring is therefore radial stiffness.

[0028] The term spring is to be understood broadly and also includes plastics with springy and / or elastic properties.

[0029] The spring is preferably designed as an elastomer.

[0030] Preferably, the spring is connected to the inner part and / or the outer part, for example, by vulcanization. This creates a secure connection between the inner and outer parts.

[0031] The bush bearing has at least one stop extending in the radial direction from the inner part towards the outer part, wherein the stop, preferably a stop axis, is oriented obliquely to a longitudinal axis of the inner part.

[0032] Due to the obliquely oriented stop, the bush bearing can also be called an arrowed bush bearing.

[0033] For example, the stop is arranged, preferably completely, inside the bush bearing.

[0034] Preferably, the stop functions in both radial and axial directions.

[0035] The axial stop geometry can, for example, create a track-correcting effect in a vehicle.

[0036] For example, the bushing bearing can be installed at an angle in a vehicle, i.e., in an arrowed orientation. The orientation specified in the vehicle results in a helpful track-correcting effect, for example, for twist-beam axles.

[0037] For example, when the bushing bearing is subjected to overlapping six-axis loads during operation, there is no "tilting" of the inner structure relative to the outer components, which could potentially occur if the stop is not swept. According to the invention, tilting is avoided.

[0038] For example, the stop may comprise or consist of a metal and / or plastic material. Preferably, the stop may be a stop plate.

[0039] Preferably, the stop is arranged axially inward. For example, the stop is located inward relative to the end faces of the bushing body, i.e., the stop does not form an end face of the bushing body, but is offset inward relative to the end faces in the axial direction.

[0040] The space-saving internal arrangement enables a compact design of the bushing bearing. It also allows for greater rotation, for example. The progression can be adjusted without relative movement and at least largely independently of the axial stiffness. For example, the axial stiffness can only increase slightly.

[0041] The reaction force builds up beyond the usual level, virtually without relative movement, within the elastomer webs. This is comparable to hard stops and is achieved, for example, by a space-restricting geometry (e.g., insert to the outer ring or inner part).

[0042] The stop also acts on both sides. This means that springs, for example, can be supported on both sides of the stop. It was surprising that a single component could act in both axial directions.

[0043] For example, exactly one stop may be provided. Alternatively, multiple stops may be provided, e.g., at least or exactly two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or more.

[0044] Further developments of the invention can also be found in the dependent claims, the description and the accompanying drawings.

[0045] According to one embodiment, the stop forms an angle of less than 90° with the longitudinal axis.

[0046] The angle refers to the smaller angle that the stop, preferably the stop axis, makes with the longitudinal axis.

[0047] The stop is therefore not arranged at right angles to the longitudinal axis, but at an angle.

[0048] According to a further embodiment, the angle is between 50° and 80°, preferably 65°.

[0049] The larger angle that the stop, preferably the stop axis, encloses with the longitudinal axis can accordingly be between 130° and 100°, preferably 115°.

[0050] According to a further embodiment, at least or exactly two springs are provided, which are arranged on different sides of the stop.

[0051] For example, the springs can be joined asymmetrically, but at 180° and mirrored. The geometries of the springs can thus be consistent.

[0052] According to a further embodiment, the springs have inclined stop sides.

[0053] The stop sides of the springs can also be swept. The angle can correspond to the angle that the stop, preferably the stop axis, forms with the longitudinal axis.

[0054] According to one embodiment, the stop is arranged centrally in the socket body.

[0055] The central arrangement is advantageous in terms of uniform rotation behavior.

[0056] For example, a central stop offers a reduction in the lever arm compared to an externally mounted or externally acting stop. This significantly reduces the space required and also allows for a significant degree of rotational movement. Due to the greater distance from the elastomeric center, external stops result in a reduction in the maximum possible gimbal and rotation angles while maintaining the same installation space. Thus, an internal stop geometry is advantageous in terms of the maximum possible gimbal and rotation angles.

[0057] According to a further embodiment, the stop is plate-shaped.

[0058] This means that the stop offers a large stop surface, for example.

[0059] The shape of the stop is basically arbitrary. For example, the stop can be axially and / or rotationally symmetrical.

[0060] Preferably, the stop is square, round and / or oval.

[0061] According to a further embodiment, the stop is disc-shaped.

[0062] A pane, for example, has the advantage that the entire area between the inner and outer parts is evenly covered.

[0063] The disc can, for example, be solid or have recesses and / or through-holes, e.g., deep-drawn and / or pocket-shaped recesses and / or through-holes. For example, the disc can be designed as spokes, e.g., with a circumferential ring. The spokes can have a constant width. Alternatively, the width of the spokes can increase from the inside to the outside, e.g., in a wing-like configuration.

[0064] According to a further embodiment, the stop is cross-shaped.

[0065] This saves material. Furthermore, the spring can extend partially through the gaps, for example, through the stop, which may be useful depending on the application.

[0066] Optionally, the cross-shaped struts can be surrounded by a circumferential ring.

[0067] The struts can have a constant width. Alternatively, the width of the struts can increase from the inside to the outside, e.g., in a wing-like configuration.

[0068] According to a further embodiment, the stop is connected to the inner part in a rotationally fixed, frictionally engaged and / or positively engaged manner.

[0069] For example, the stop can be clamped, jammed and / or welded to the inner part.

[0070] The stop and the inner part can also be formed as a single component.

[0071] According to a further embodiment, the inner part has or consists of a blade. Optionally, the inner part can have an inner core in addition to the blade. For example, the inner core can in turn be surrounded by inserts.

[0072] Preferably, the stop is connected to the blade in a rotationally fixed, frictionally engaged and / or positively engaged manner.

[0073] For example, the stop may be tightened, jammed and / or welded to the sword.

[0074] The stop and the sword can also be designed as a single component.

[0075] According to a further embodiment, the spring comprises at least one elastomer.

[0076] The elastomer is preferably firmly connected to the inner part, e.g. the sword.

[0077] According to another embodiment, the spring comprises at least two different elastomers. The different elastomers are also referred to as compounds.

[0078] For example, at least or exactly two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or more compounds may be provided.

[0079] The compounds can be separate from each other, adjacent to each other and / or merge into each other.

[0080] For example, it is conceivable to use four different elastomer compounds in one bushing (e.g., two springs with two compounds each). In this case, it is also possible to use three compounds each, i.e., six different compounds in one bushing.

[0081] According to a further embodiment, the spring is designed to bulge, preferably at least twice, under an axial load.

[0082] Thus, the progression can be adjusted, preferably essentially independently of the radial and / or axial stiffness.

[0083] For example, a linear free path can be provided that allows for bulging.

[0084] In a conventional design, the progression is adjusted by a suitable spring, e.g., an elastomer structure, which is compressed by the inner part against a metal structure, for example. To achieve this, the inner part moves relatively and freely, depending on the stiffness of the connected spring, until the core structure touches the elastomer structure.

[0085] A linear part of the force-displacement relationship is overcome and then a transition occurs into a non-linear, progressive area in which a continuous increase in force takes place until finally no further increase in displacement can take place.

[0086] Conventionally, this relative movement is available to adjust the progression.

[0087] In this case, the spring is subjected to bending and / or compression loads. Due to the tendency to buckle and / or bulge, the spring's spatial expansion is limited according to a predefined linear free travel, building up a reaction force with a progressive characteristic. There is no relative movement of the inner part to the spring, as both are firmly connected.

[0088] The design of the spring, for example, of radial studs, is similarly structured. There is no free relative movement here. The buildup of the reaction force, and thus the progression, comes from the spring's resistance to further deformation. Overall, several measures are combined to further develop and utilize the already nonlinear material behavior of elastomers.

[0089] An axial spring can be formed by a rubber track between the inner part and the structure of the outer part. The angle between the inner and outer parts, along with the length of the track (distance), determines the stiffness.

[0090] The radial and / or axial springs can be adjusted largely independently of each other in terms of their stiffness and / or progression characteristics, although a certain amount of crosstalk may occur.

[0091] For example, inserting inserts can create increased stiffness while simultaneously lengthening the outer tendons. This contributes to increased durability and / or stability. At the same time, the inserts promote the desired, nonlinear reaction force buildup for adjusting the progression.

[0092] The inserts can, for example, be integrated into the spring, but otherwise be freely movable.

[0093] All aspects, embodiments, and features of the invention described here can be combined with one another, preferably independently of the specific embodiment in which they are mentioned. Preferably, all subject matter of the dependent claims can be combined with one another and with the subject matter of the independent claim.

[0094] In general, it should be noted that terms such as "a" or "an" do not necessarily mean "exactly one" or "exactly one," although this is also possible. The terms "a" or "an" can therefore be understood as "at least or exactly one" or "at least or exactly one." The use of the singular preferably includes the presence of the components in the plural, and vice versa.

[0095] It is noted that "vorzugsweise" and "vorzugt" can be translated into English as "preferably." A feature introduced by "vorzugsweise" or "vorzugt" is purely optional, can be omitted, and does not constitute a limitation, for example, of the claims.

[0096] The invention is described below by way of example with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 a perspective view of an embodiment of a bush bearing according to the invention, Fig. 2 a sectional view of the bush bearing according to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 a perspective view of the bush bearing according to Fig. 1 without outer sleeve, Fig. 4 a perspective view of the bush bearing according to Fig. 1 without outer sleeve and without first spring, Fig. 5 a perspective view of the bush bearing according to Fig. 1 without outer part and without springs, and Fig. 6 a sectional view of the bush bearing along the line AA in Fig. 2,

[0097] First, it should be noted that the illustrated embodiments are purely exemplary in nature. Individual features can be implemented not only in the combination shown, but also individually or in other technically feasible combinations. For example, the features of one embodiment can be combined in any way with features of another embodiment. The number, size, shape, angle, and / or position of the stops is fundamentally arbitrary.

[0098] If a figure contains a reference symbol that is not explained in the immediately corresponding description text, reference is made to the corresponding preceding or following explanations in the figure description. Thus, the same reference symbols are used for identical or comparable components in the figures and these are not explained again.

[0099] Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show a bush bearing with an inner part 10.

[0100] The inner part 10 has a plate-shaped sword 12 with optional openings 14 at the end regions and an inner body 16.

[0101] An outer part 18, which has, for example, an outer sleeve 19, defines a socket body 20. The outer part 18 virtually surrounds the socket body 20 - except for the end faces.

[0102] The socket body 20 can, for example, form a cylindrical volume.

[0103] Two springs 22, 24 are arranged between the inner part 10 and the outer part 18.

[0104] As in Fig. 3, the first spring 22 and the second spring 24 each have inclined stop sides.

[0105] The springs 22, 24 are surrounded by an outer ring 26 of the outer part 18. Preferably, the springs 22, 24 can be connected to the outer ring 26 in a stationary and / or immovable manner. Preferably, the outer ring 26 is connected to the outer sleeve 19 in a stationary and / or immovable manner.

[0106] However, a relative movement, e.g. axial or translational, between outer part 18, e.g. outer sleeve 19 and / or outer ring 26, and inner part 10 is possible.

[0107] In Fig. 4, the first spring 22 is omitted for better visibility.

[0108] A stop 28 is provided, which extends radially from the blade 12 of the inner part 10 toward the outer part 18. The stop 28 is preferably connected to the blade 12 in a rotationally fixed and frictionally engaged manner.

[0109] The stop 28 is preferably arranged, e.g. centrally, in the interior of the socket body 20.

[0110] The stop 28 can cover the stop areas of the springs 22, 24, but also represents a travel limitation in the radial directions. This function is fulfilled in both axial directions.

[0111] The stop 28 is oriented obliquely to a longitudinal axis of the inner part 10 or the sword 12.

[0112] As in Fig. 5, the stop 28 forms an angle W of less than 90°, e.g. 65°, with the longitudinal axis.

[0113] In the sectional view according to Fig. 6 shows that the springs 22, 24 enclose the stop 28. The stop areas of the springs 22, 24 can also be swept, e.g., by an angle of less than 90°, e.g., 65°.

[0114] During the manufacture of the bushing bearing, the two springs 22, 24 can be pressed onto the inner part 10, e.g., the blade 12. This now forms a support spring assembly (see Fig.3), which can be crimped with an outer sleeve 19. List of reference symbols 10 inner part 12 Sword 14 Opening 16 inner body 18 Outer part 19 Outer sleeve 20 socket bodies 22 first spring 24 second spring 26 Outer ring 28 Disc, stop W angle QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] EP 4 056 864 A1 [0003, 0004] DE 20 2024 106 385 A1 [0005, 0006]

Claims

[1] Bush bearing, comprising an inner part (10), an outer part (18) defining a bushing body (20), at least one spring (22, 24) arranged at least in sections between the inner part (10) and the outer part (18), and at least one stop (28) extending in the radial direction from the inner part (10) towards the outer part (18), wherein the stop (28) is oriented obliquely to a longitudinal axis of the inner part (10). [2] Bush bearing according to claim 1, characterized by that the stop (28) forms an angle (W) of less than 90° with the longitudinal axis. [3] Bush bearing according to claim 2, characterized by that the angle (W) is between 50° and 80°, preferably 65°. [4] Bush bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that two springs (22, 24) are provided which are arranged on different sides of the stop (28). [5] Bush bearing according to claim 4, characterized by that the springs (22, 24) have inclined stop sides. [6] Bush bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the stop (28) is arranged inside the socket body (20). [7] Bush bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the stop (28) is arranged centrally in the socket body (20). [8] Bush bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the stop (28) is plate-shaped, disc-shaped and / or cross-shaped. [9] Bush bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the stop (28) is connected to the inner part (10) in a rotationally fixed, frictionally engaged and / or positively engaged manner. [10] Bush bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the spring (22, 24) comprises at least one elastomer.

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