Explosion-proof battery pack

Abstract

An explosion-proof battery pack, characterized in that the battery pack comprises a base frame (1) with an upper opening, a lower support plate (2) arranged in the base frame (1), an upper support plate (3) arranged above the base frame (1) and battery cells (4) arranged in series between the lower support plate (2) and the upper support plate (3); wherein the upper support plate (3) is provided with upper receiving bushings (5), the lower support plate (2) is provided with lower receiving bushings (6), cooling plates (7) are inserted between the upper receiving bushings (5) and the lower receiving bushings (6), and the cooling plates (7) and the battery cells (4) are arranged offset; a venting space (8) is formed between the lower support plate (2) and the bottom wall of the base frame (1), a partition plate (9) is arranged below the lower support plate (2), first explosion valves (10) are connected to the partition plate (9), a venting chamber (11) is formed between the partition plate (9) and the bottom wall of the base frame (1), venting channels (12) connected to the outside are arranged on the sides of the base frame (1), and the venting channels (12) are connected to the venting chamber (11); and Degassing openings (13) are formed in the lower support plate (2), each of the battery cells (4) is provided with a second explosion valve (14), the degassing openings (13) are arranged accordingly below the second explosion valves (14), a gas line system (15) is connected to the lower support plate (2), and the gas line system (15) guides the gases emerging from the degassing openings (13) to the first explosion valves (10).

Description

Technical FieldThe present invention relates to the technical field of battery packs, and more particularly relates to an explosion-proof battery pack.Prior ArtCurrently, the battery pack having explosion valves is mainly used as an explosion protection device of the battery. As the battery heats up, the gases inside the battery pack expand and the pressure inside the battery pack increases. When a certain amount is reached, the explosion-proof membrane inside the explosion valve is loosened or broken, thereby exhausting gas and releasing the pressure to prevent explosion of the battery pack. In the existing art, a battery pack is often comprised of multiple battery cells. Although each individual battery cell is equipped with an explosion valve, it may happen that, in the event of a rapid temperature rise inside the battery pack and a rapid pressure rise, the explosion protection membrane falls, but the cooling effect is poor on account of the battery cells in the interior of the battery pack which are arranged in a close arrangement. This can lead to local overheating inside the battery pack and increase the risk of explosion of the battery pack.In the existing technique, the method of disposing, between the battery cells or among the battery cells, a frame in which liquid cooling passages are disposed is employed. Although this may lower the temperature of the local battery cells, this structure is difficult to disassemble, which makes disassembly of a single battery cell difficult, thereby increasing the maintenance time and increasing the maintenance difficulty. In addition, the arrangement of the entire frame hinders the exhaust of the smoke gases discharged through the pressure relief valves from the battery pack, which may easily result in a sudden temperature rise and cause the explosion of the battery pack.Content of the Utility ModelIn view of the foregoing, the present invention aims to provide an explosion-proof battery pack that is easily disassembled while ensuring cooling requirements and reduces the risk of explosion of the battery pack.In order to achieve the above object, the technical solutions of the present invention are implemented as follows.An explosion-proof battery pack includes a base frame having an upper opening, a lower support plate disposed in the base frame, an upper support plate disposed above the base frame, and battery cells disposed in series between the lower support plate and the upper support plate; wherein the upper support plate is provided with upper receiving bushes, the lower support plate is provided with lower receiving bushes, cooling plates are inserted between the upper receiving bushes and the lower receiving bushes, and the cooling plates and the battery cells are disposed offset; a vent space is formed between the lower support plate and the bottom wall of the base frame, a partition plate is disposed below the lower support plate, first explosion valves are connected to the partition plate, a vent chamber is formed between the partition plate and the bottom wall of the base frame, vent passages connected to the outside are disposed on the sides of the base frame, and the vent passages communicate with the vent chamber; andIn the present invention, the gas discharge ports are formed in the lower support plate, each of the battery cells is provided with a second explosion valve, the gas discharge ports are disposed below the second explosion valves, respectively, a gas piping system is connected to the lower support plate, and the gas piping system supplies the gases discharged from the gas discharge ports to the first explosion valves.Further, the gas piping system includes a plurality of branch pipes connected to the degassing ports and main pipes connecting the branch pipes; sealed spaces are formed above the first explosion valves by enclosing sheets; and the main pipes are connected to the sealed spaces.Further, the base frame comprises four composite profiles and a bottom plate disposed below the profiles; wherein the partition plate is connected to the four sides of the profiles, first vents are disposed on the underside of the profiles, second vents are disposed on the sides of the profiles; and the vents continuous from bottom to top are formed in the profiles, and the vents communicate with the first vents and the second vents.Further, the bottom plate has protrusions protruding downward; the first ventilation openings are arranged above the protrusions; a flow gap is formed between the profiles and the bottom plate; and the flow gap connects the ventilation chamber to the first ventilation openings.Further, third vent openings are arranged on the sides of the profiles, and the third vent openings are located in the vicinity of the first vent openings.Further, the cooling plates and the battery cells are of equal length; inlets and outlets are disposed on two sides of the cooling plates; a circulating cooling medium is disposed in the cooling plates; and the inlets and outlets are connected to external storage tanks for the cooling medium.Further, a plurality of the inlets are disposed on one side of the cooling plates in the height direction, and a plurality of the outlets are disposed on another side of the cooling plates in the height direction; a plurality of the inlets are connected to a first connection pipe, and a plurality of the outlets are connected to a second connection pipe; the first connection pipe and the second connection pipe are each passed through the upper support plate.Further, the upper receiving bushes and / or the lower receiving bushes are provided with receiving slots, and the cooling plates are disposed in the receiving slots.Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages.The present invention relates to the explosion-proof battery pack in which the cooling plates are fixed between the upper support plate and the lower support plate by the upper receiving bushes and lower receiving bushes, the cooling plates and the battery cells being arranged offset, which not only enables cooling of both sides of each battery cell and avoids local overheating of the battery pack that could lead to explosion, but also facilitates disassembly of the battery cells and cooling plates. The battery cells are pressed against each other at the height between the upper support plate and the lower support plate, which promotes heat conduction in the vertical direction. At the same time, each second explosion valve of each battery cell is arranged correspondingly above the degassing openings. When the explosion valve of a single battery cell vents, the flue gases enter the gas piping system through the vents and are then concentrated at the first explosion valves. When the temperature of the battery pack exceeds the safety temperature, the first explosion valves exhaust and the flue gases are discharged out of the exhaust ducts through the exhaust chamber, thereby preventing flue gases not discharged in time from being mixed with the battery cells, which would lead to a strong increase in pressure in the pack, a rapid temperature rise and finally to explosion of the battery pack, thereby ensuring safety of the passengers.DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGSThe drawings which form a part of the present invention are intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their explanations are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: FIG. 1 is a schematic main view sectional view of an explosion-proof battery pack according to the embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic left-side view sectional view of the explosion-proof battery pack according to the embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a lower support plate, cooling plates, and battery cells according to embodiments of the present invention; and FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the part I in FIG. 2.Drawing Character Designations:1-Base frame; 2-Lower Support Plate; 3-Upper Support Plate; 4-Battery cell; 5-Upper Receptacle Bushing; 6-Lower Receptacle Bushing; 7-Cooling Plate; 8-Venting Space; 9-Separating Plate; 10-First Explosion Valve; 11-Venting Chamber; 12-Venting Channel; 13-Degassing Opening; 14-Second Explosion Valve; 15-Gas Pipe System; 16-Inlet; 17-Outlet; 18-First Connection Pipe; 19-Second Connection Pipe; 101-Profile; 102-Bottom Plate; 103-First Venting Opening; 104-Second Venting Opening; 105-Third Venting Opening; 106-Flow gap; 601-Receptacle slot; 1021-Elevation; 1401-Branch Pipe; 1402-Main Pipe; and 1403-Sealed Space.Exemplary EmbodimentsIt should be explained that, if no conflicts exist, the exemplary embodiments in the present utility model and the features of the exemplary embodiments can be combined with one another.In describing the present utility model, it is to be explained that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "rear side", etc. denote the direction or positional relationship based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and serve only to describe the present utility model and simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the mentioned devices or components must have a specific orientation, must be constructed or operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, these terms should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for description purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or interpreting relative importance.Further, unless expressly stated otherwise in the description of the present utility model, the terms "mounting", "connected", "connecting", "connecting element" are to be understood broadly. For example, the connection may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium; it may represent the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the above terms in the present invention according to the concrete circumstances.Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.According to this embodiment, the present invention relates to an explosion-proof battery pack. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, the explosion-proof battery pack generally includes a base frame 1 having an upper opening, a lower support plate 2 disposed in the base frame 1, an upper support plate 3 disposed above the base frame 1, and battery cells 4 disposed in series between the lower support plate 2 and the upper support plate 3. the upper support plate 3 is provided with upper receiving bushes 5, the lower support plate 2 is provided with lower receiving bushes 6, cooling plates 7 are inserted between the upper receiving bushes 5 and the lower receiving bushes 6, and the cooling plates 7 and the battery cells 4 are disposed in an offset manner.A vent space 8 is formed between the lower support plate 2 and the bottom wall of the base frame 1. A partition plate 9 is disposed below the lower support plate 2. First explosion valves 10 are connected to the partition plate 9. A vent chamber 11 is formed between the partition plate 9 and the bottom wall of the base frame 1. Air vent passages 12 connected to the outside are disposed on the sides of the base frame 1, and the air vent passages 12 communicate with the air vent chamber 11. Degassing openings 13 are formed in the lower support plate 2. Each of the battery cells 4 is provided with a second explosion valve 14. The degassing openings 13 are arranged below the second explosion valves 14 accordingly. A gas piping system 15 is connected to the lower support plate 2. The gas piping system 15 supplies the gases discharged from the degassing openings 13 to the first explosion valves 10.In the explosion-proof battery pack of this embodiment, the cooling plates 7 are fixed between the upper support plate 3 and the lower support plate 2 by the upper receiving bushes 5 and lower receiving bushes 6, the cooling plates 7 and the battery cells 4 being arranged offset, which not only enables cooling of both sides of each battery cell 4 and avoids local overheating of the battery pack that might lead to explosion, but also facilitates disassembly of the battery cells 4 and the cooling plates 7. The battery cells 4 are pressed against each other at the height between the upper support plate 3 and the lower support plate 2, which promotes heat conduction in the vertical direction. At the same time, each second explosion valve 14 of each battery cell 4 is arranged correspondingly above the degassing openings 13. When the explosion valve of a single battery cell 4 vents, the flue gases enter the gas piping system 15 through the vents 13 and are then concentrated at the first explosion valves 10. When the temperature of the battery pack exceeds the safety temperature, the first explosion valves 10 exhaust and the smoke gases are discharged to the outside from the exhaust ducts 12 through the exhaust chamber 11, thereby preventing smoke gases not discharged in time from being mixed with the battery cells 4, which would lead to a sharp increase in the pressure in the pack, a rapid increase in the temperature and finally to explosion of the battery pack, thereby ensuring the safety of the passengers.Based on the above general description, an exemplary structure of the explosion-proof battery pack of this embodiment, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, exemplifies a rectangular battery pack. This structure can also be implemented in cylindrical battery packs. The lower support plate 2 and the upper support plate 3 of this embodiment are adjusted according to the dimensions of the inner space of the base frame 1.At this time, the lower support plate 2 is disposed in the interior of the base frame 1 and laid on the profiles 101, while the upper support plate 3 covers the base frame 1 at the top, so that the battery cells 4 and the cooling plates 7 are enclosed in a closed space to protect the battery cells 4 from damage. In this exemplary embodiment, the battery cells 4 are pressed between the upper support plate 3 and the lower support plate 2. In other embodiments, in addition, in the upper support plate 3 and the lower support plate 2, circulation chambers may be provided which are connected to the cooling medium in the cooling plates 7 to enable simultaneous cooling of all four sides of the battery cells 4.As a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the gas piping system 15 includes a plurality of branch pipes 1401 connected to the degassing ports 13 and main pipes 1402 connecting the branch pipes 1401; sealed spaces 1403 are formed above the first explosion valves 10 by enclosing sheets; and the main pipes 1402 are connected to the sealed spaces 1403. The gas piping system 15 may be made of high temperature resistant alloys or stainless steel pipes. Between the partition plate 9 and the upper support plate 3, enclosing plates are disposed. The main lines 1402 are inserted into the enclosing sheets so that gases from the vented battery cells 4 are directed into the sealed spaces 1403.In addition, the base frame 1 comprises four composite profiles 101 and a base plate 102 arranged under the profiles 101. The separating plate 9 is connected to the four sides of the profiles 101. First ventilation openings 103 are arranged on the underside of the profiles 101. Second vent openings 104 are arranged on the sides of the profiles 101. Vent channels 12 which pass through from bottom to top are formed in the profiles 101. The vent passages 12 communicate with the first vent holes 103 and the second vent holes 104. When the first explosion valves 10 are opened, the flue gases are discharged to the outside of the battery pack via the gas line system. By the separation by the lower support plate 2 and the separation plate 9, smoke gases are prevented from entering the interior of the base frame 1, which significantly increases the internal safety of the battery pack.In order to further optimize the gas outflow, the base plate 102 has downwardly protruding elevations 1021, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4. The first vent openings 103 are arranged above the elevations 1021. A flow gap 106 is formed between the profiles 101 and the base plate 102. The flow gap 106 connects the venting chamber 11 to the first venting openings 103.Further, as shown in FIG. 2, third vent holes 105 are disposed on the sides of the profiles 101, and the third vent holes 105 are located in the vicinity of the first vent holes 103. By this arrangement, the path for the emission of the flue gases is widened, and safety is further ensured.Preferably, it is as shown in Fig. 2. The cooling plates 7 and the battery cells 4 are of equal length. Inlets 16 and outlets 17 are disposed on two sides of the cooling plates 7. A circulating cooling medium is arranged in the cooling plates 7. The inlets 16 and outlets 17 are connected to external storage tanks for the cooling medium.As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of the inlets 16 are disposed on one side of the cooling plates 7 in the height direction, and a plurality of the outlets 17 are disposed on another side of the cooling plates 7 in the height direction. A plurality of the inlets 16 are connected to a first connection line 18. A plurality of the outlets 17 are connected to a second connection pipe 19, and the first connection pipe 18 and the second connection pipe 19 are each passed through the upper support plate 3. In this embodiment, as the cooling medium in the cooling plates 7, for example, ethylene glycol solution or fluorine liquid is used.In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the upper receiving bushes 5 and / or the lower receiving bushes 6 are provided with receiving slots 601, and the cooling plates 7 are disposed in the receiving slots 601. This arrangement not only facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the cooling plate 7, but also enables the disassembly and replacement of the battery cell 4 without the need to completely remove the upper support plate 3, the lower support plate 2, and all the battery cells 4 due to the small gap between the cooling plate 7 and the battery cell 4, which improves the maintainability and maintainability. In order to improve the cooling performance, the cooling plates 7 in this embodiment are made of heat conductive aluminum alloy material.The above is merely a good embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any changes, substitutions, improvements, etc., made in the spirit and principles of the present invention should all be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

An explosion-proof battery pack, characterized in that the battery pack comprises a base frame (1) having an upper opening, a lower support plate (2) disposed in the base frame (1), an upper support plate (3) disposed above the base frame (1), and battery cells (4) arranged in series between the lower support plate (2) and the upper support plate (3); wherein the upper support plate (3) is provided with upper receiving bushes (5), the lower support plate (2) is provided with lower receiving bushes (6), cooling plates (7) are inserted between the upper receiving bushes (5) and the lower receiving bushes (6), and the cooling plates (7) and the battery cells (4) are arranged offset; a vent space (8) is formed between the lower support plate (2) and the bottom wall of the base frame (1), a partition plate (9) is disposed below the lower support plate (2), first explosion valves (10) are connected to the partition plate (9), a vent chamber (11) is formed between the partition plate (9) and the bottom wall of the base frame (1), vent passages (12) connected to the outside are disposed on the sides of the base frame (1), and the vent passages (12) are communicated with the vent chamber (11); and degassing ports (13) are formed in the lower support plate (2), each of the battery cells (4) is provided with a second explosion valve (14), the degassing ports (13) are disposed below the second explosion valves (14), respectively, a gas piping system (15) is connected to the lower support plate (2), and the gas piping system (15) supplies the gases discharged from the degassing ports (13) to the first explosion valves (10).The explosion-proof battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas piping system (15) includes a plurality of branch pipes (1401) connected to the degassing openings (13) and main pipes (1402) connecting the branch pipes (1401), sealed spaces (1403) are formed above the first explosion valves (10) by enclosing sheets, and the main pipes (1402) are connected to the sealed spaces (1403).The explosion-proof battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that the base frame (1) comprises four composite profiles (101) and a bottom plate (102) disposed under the profiles (101); wherein the partition plate (9) is connected to the four sides of the profiles (101), first vents (103) are disposed on the bottom of the profiles (101), second vents (104) are disposed on the sides of the profiles (101); and the vent passages (12) passing from bottom to top are formed in the profiles (101), and the vent passages (12) are communicated with the first vents (103) and the second vents (104).The explosion-proof battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that the bottom plate (102) has protrusions (1021) protruding downward, the first ventilation holes (103) are disposed above the protrusions (1021); and a flow gap (106) is formed between the profiles (101) and the bottom plate (102), and the flow gap (106) connects the ventilation chamber (11) to the first ventilation holes (103).The explosion-proof battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that third vent openings (105) are arranged on the sides of the profiles (101), and the third vent openings (105) are close to the first vent openings (103).The explosion-proof battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that the cooling plates (7) and the battery cells (4) are of equal length, inlets (16) and outlets (17) are disposed on two sides of the cooling plates (7), a circulating cooling medium is disposed in the cooling plates (7), and the inlets (16) and outlets (17) are connected to external storage tanks for the cooling medium.The explosion-proof battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that a plurality of the inlets (16) are disposed on one side of the cooling plates (7) in the height direction, a plurality of the outlets (17) are disposed on another side of the cooling plates (7) in the height direction; a plurality of the inlets (16) are connected to a first connection pipe (18), a plurality of the outlets (17) are connected to a second connection pipe (19); wherein the first connection pipe (18) and the second connection pipe (19) are each passed through the upper support plate (3).The explosion-proof battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper receiving bushes (5) and / or the lower receiving bushes (6) are provided with receiving slots (601), and the cooling plates (7) are disposed in the receiving slots (601).

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