Test clamp device for water electrolysis and device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis

Abstract

A test clamp device for water electrolysis, characterized in that the test clamp device comprises: an anode clamp device, an anode electrode, a cathode clamp device, a cathode electrode and an electrolysis cell diaphragm located between the anode clamp device and the cathode clamp device; wherein the anode clamping device comprises an anode clamping plate having a recess, an anode guide plate, and an anode buffer net, wherein the anode guide plate is fixedly installed in the recess of the anode clamping plate, wherein the anode buffer net covers the anode guide plate, and wherein the anode electrode is installed on a side of the anode buffer net facing away from the anode guide plate; wherein the cathode clamping device comprises a cathode clamping plate having a recess, a cathode guide plate, and a cathode buffer net, wherein the cathode guide plate is fixedly installed in the recess of the cathode clamping plate, the cathode buffer net covers the cathode guide plate, and wherein the cathode electrode is installed on a side of the cathode buffer net facing away from the cathode guide plate; and wherein the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are arranged opposite each other based on the electrolytic cell diaphragm.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELDThe present invention relates to the technical field of water electrolysis, and more particularly to a test clamp for water electrolysis and an apparatus for hydrogen generation by water electrolysis.PRIOR ARTHydrogen is a clean energy source with high energy density and no post-combustion emissions. Hydrogen can be generated by electrolysis of water. Assembly of the components in the electrolysis tank is complicated and the inaccurate position of the electrodes may result in uneven current distribution, which in turn deteriorates the efficiency of electrolysis and the life of the electrodes.CONTENT OF THE PRESENT INVENTIONIn view of the above problems, the present invention provides a test clamp device for water electrolysis and an apparatus for hydrogen generation by water electrolysis to overcome or at least partially solve the above problems.In order to solve the above problems, according to a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a test clamp for water electrolysis, comprising: an anode clamp, an anode electrode, a cathode clamp, a cathode electrode, and an electrolytic cell end diaphragm disposed between the anode clamp and the cathode clamp.The anode clamping device includes an anode clamping plate having a recess, an anode guide plate, and an anode buffer mesh, wherein the anode guide plate is fixedly installed in the recess of the anode clamping plate, wherein the anode buffer mesh covers the anode guide plate, and wherein the anode electrode is installed on a side of the anode buffer mesh facing away from the anode guide plate;The cathode clamp device includes a cathode clamp plate having a recess, a cathode guide plate, and a cathode buffer mesh, wherein the cathode guide plate is fixedly installed in the recess of the cathode clamp plate, the cathode buffer mesh covers the cathode guide plate, and wherein the cathode electrode is installed on a side of the cathode buffer mesh opposite to the cathode guide plate; wherein the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are disposed opposite to each other based on the electrolytic cell end diaphragm.Optionally, the anode clamping plate is made of polypropylene.Optionally, the cathode clamp plate is made of polypropylene.Optionally, the anode guide plate is made of titanium.Optionally, the cathode guide plate is made of titanium.Optionally, the anode buffer mesh is made of nickel.Optionally, the cathode buffer mesh is made of nickel.Optionally, the anode buffer mesh has a same size as the anode electrode, and the cathode buffer mesh has a same size as the cathode electrode, and the anode electrode has a same size as the cathode electrode.Optionally, the electrolytic cell endiaphragma comprises a diaphragm, the diaphragm having a size larger than the size of the cathode electrode or the size of the anode electrode.Optionally, the electrolytic cell endiaphragma comprises a cation and anion exchange membrane, wherein the cation and anion exchange membrane has a size larger than the size of the cathode electrode or the size of the anode electrode.Optionally, the anode clamping plate comprises two identical anode sub-clamping plates, wherein the two anode sub-clamping plates are firmly connected to one another by means of screws.According to a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention discloses an apparatus for hydrogen generation by water electrolysis, comprising an electrolysis tank and a test clamp for water electrolysis as described above; wherein the electrolysis tank can store an electrolyte solution, in particular stores the electrolyte solution, wherein the test clamp for water electrolysis is at least partially immersed, in particular immersed, in the electrolyte solution.Optionally, the electrolyte solution is alkaline.The present invention has the following advantages.An embodiment of the present invention includes an anode clamp, an anode electrode, a cathode clamp, a cathode electrode, and an electrolytic cell diaphragm located between the anode clamp and the cathode clamp, wherein the anode clamp includes an anode clamp plate having a recess, an anode guide plate, and an anode buffer mesh, wherein the anode guide plate is fixedly installed in the recess of the anode clamp plate, wherein the anode buffer mesh covers the anode guide plate, and wherein the anode electrode is installed on a side of the anode buffer mesh opposite to the anode guide plate; wherein the cathode clamping device comprises a cathode clamping plate having a recess, a cathode guide plate and a cathode buffer mesh, wherein the cathode guide plate is fixedly installed in the recess of the cathode clamping plate, the cathode buffer mesh covers the cathode guide plate, and wherein the cathode electrode is installed on a side of the cathode buffer mesh facing away from the cathode guide plate; wherein the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are arranged opposite each other based on the electrolytic cell endiaphragm. The anode part or cathode part may be installed based on its own clamping plate, guide plate, buffer mesh and electrode. The electrolytic cell diaphragm is put between the opposite sides of the two electrodes during the overall installation, the overall structure is simple, and the assembly operation is simple. Moreover, the anode electrode and the cathode electrode have respective clamping plates, guide plates, and buffer nets for attachment, whereby it can be ensured that the positions of the anode electrode and the cathode electrode coincide and the current distribution during electrolysis is uniform, which can improve the electrolysis efficiency and the life of the electrodes.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGSFIG. 1 is an exploded view showing the structure of a water electrolysis test clamp of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a tank pressure-current diagram of the water electrolysis test clamp of the present invention when tested under alkaline conditions; FIG. 3 is an inner scanning voltammetry curve of the cathodic hydrogen precipitation reaction of the water electrolysis test clamp of the present invention when tested under alkaline conditions; FIG. 4 is an inner scanning voltammetry curve of the anodic oxygen precipitation reaction of the water electrolysis test clamp of the present invention when tested under alkaline conditions; FIG. 5 is a tank pressure-current diagram of the water electrolysis test clamp of the present invention under a neutral condition test; FIG. 6 is a scanning linear voltammetry curve of the cathodic hydrogen precipitation reaction of the water electrolysis test clamp of the present invention when tested under neutral conditions; FIG. 7 is an inner scanning voltammetry curve of the anodic oxygen precipitation reaction of the water electrolysis test clamp of the present invention when tested under neutral conditions;Reference list characters:100 anode clamp, 110 anode clamp, 120 anode lead plate, 130 anode buffer mesh; 200 anode electrode; 300 cathode clamp, 310 cathode clamp plate, 320 cathode lead plate, 330 cathode buffer mesh; 400 cathode electrode; 500 electrolytic cell endiaphragma.DETAILED DESCRIPTIONIn order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the utility model clearer and more comprehensible, the utility model is described in more detail below in conjunction with the attached drawings and specific embodiments.In the present situation, the strong dependence on fossil fuels will necessarily result in severe environmental problems, so that renewable and clean energies must be sought as a substitute for fossil fuels. Hydrogen is a clean energy source with high energy density and no post-combustion emissions. The production of hydrogen by water electrolysis requires only a simple apparatus, the raw material is easily available, the operating conditions are favorable, and safety is high. At present, hydrogen generated by electrolysis of water can be used in many fields such as traffic, power and heat supply, industrial production, etc.The electrolysis of water is an electrochemical reaction (1-1) in which water is passed through cathode and anode and is split into oxygen and hydrogen under the action of electrical energy and catalyst. Hydrogen generation by electrolysis of water consists of a cathodic and an anodic reaction, the hydrogen precipitation reaction (HER) at the cathode and the oxygen precipitation reaction (OER) at the anode. H 2 O + Energy → H 2+ 1 / 2 O 2(1-1)In the apparatus for hydrogen generation by water electrolysis, the assembly of the components in the electrolysis tank is complicated, and the inaccurate position of the electrodes may result in uneven current distribution, which in turn deteriorates the efficiency of electrolysis and the life of the electrodes. In order to be able to solve the technical problem at least partially, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is proposed.Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 1 showing an exploded view of the structure of a water electrolysis test jig of the present invention, the water electrolysis test jig may include an anode jig 100, an anode electrode 200, a cathode jig 300, a cathode electrode 400, and an electrolytic cell diaphragm 500 located between the anode jig 100 and the cathode jig 300.The anode clamping device 100 comprises an anode clamping plate 110 having a recess, an anode guide plate 120 and an anode buffer mesh 130, wherein the anode guide plate 120 is fixedly installed in the recess of the anode clamping plate 110, wherein the anode buffer mesh 130 covers the anode guide plate 120, and wherein the anode electrode 200 is installed on a side of the anode buffer mesh 130 facing away from the anode guide plate 120;The cathode clamping device 300 includes a cathode clamping plate 310 having a recess, a cathode guide plate 320, and a cathode buffer mesh 330, wherein the cathode guide plate 320 is fixedly installed in the recess of the cathode clamping plate 310, wherein the cathode buffer mesh 330 covers the cathode guide plate 320, and wherein the cathode electrode 400 is installed on a side of the cathode buffer mesh 330 facing away from the cathode guide plate 320;The anode electrode 200 and the cathode electrode 400 are disposed opposite to each other based on the electrolytic cell endiaphragm 500.In an embodiment of the present invention, the test clamp for water electrolysis may include an anode clamp 100, an anode electrode 200, a cathode clamp 300, a cathode electrode 400, and an electrolytic cell diaphragm 500. The anode clamping device 100 is used for clamping the anode electrode 200. The cathode clamp 300 is used for clamping the cathode electrode 400. The anode clamp 100 and the cathode clamp 300 have similar structures, and the anode electrode 200 and the cathode electrode 400 have similar structures. The electrolytic cell endiaphragma 500 may be disposed between the anode clamp 100 and the cathode clamp 300, i.e., the electrolytic cell endiaphragma 500 is disposed between the anode electrode 200 and the cathode electrode 400 for ion exchange, water management, and gas insulation to improve efficiency and stability of electrolysis, among other things.Specifically, the anode clamp 100 includes an anode clamp plate 110 having a recess, an anode guide plate 120, and an anode buffer mesh 130. The recess of the anode clamping plate 110 may be arranged on an upper side as shown in FIG. 1, i.e. the recess of the anode clamping plate 110 is arranged on an upper edge of the anode clamping plate 110. The anode guide plate 120 is fixedly installed in the recess of the anode clamping plate 110, and the anode guide plate 120 is fixed by the recess of the anode clamping plate 110 engaging with the anode guide plate 120. The recess of the anode clamping plate 110 fits the anode clamping plate 110 to the anode guide plate 120, which in turn improves the overall sealing, increases the electrical conductivity and thus improves the efficiency of the electrolysis. The position of the anode electrode 200 and the anode guide plate 120 is adjusted by the elasticity of the anode buffer mesh 130, such that the anode electrode 200 can be aligned in the recess of the anode clamping plate 110, which improves the matching of the anode electrode 200 to the anode clamping device 100. The anode electrode 200 may be located on a side of the anode buffer mesh 130 opposite the anode guide plate 120 such that the anode electrode 200 may be disposed relative to the electrolysis cell end diaphragm 500.Accordingly, the cathode clamp 300 includes a cathode clamp plate 310 having a recess, a cathode guide plate 320, and a cathode buffer mesh 330. The recess of the cathode clamping plate 310 may be arranged on an upper side as shown in FIG. 1, i.e. the recess of the cathode clamping plate 310 is arranged on an upper edge of the cathode clamping plate 310. The cathode guide plate 320 is fixedly installed in the recess of the cathode clamping plate 310, and the cathode guide plate 320 is fixed by the recess of the cathode clamping plate 310 engaging with the cathode guide plate 320. The recess of the cathode clamping plate 310 fits the cathode clamping plate 310 to the cathode guide plate 320, which in turn improves the overall sealing, increases the electrical conductivity and thus improves the efficiency of the electrolysis. The position of the cathode electrode 400 and the cathode guide plate 320 is adjusted by the elasticity of the cathode buffer mesh 330 so that the cathode electrode 400 can be aligned in the recess of the cathode clamping plate 310, which improves the matching of the cathode electrode 400 to the cathode clamping device 300. The cathode electrode 400 may be located on a side of the cathode buffer mesh 330 facing away from the cathode guide plate 320, such that the cathode electrode 400 may be arranged relative to the electrolysis cell diaphragm 500. The electrolytic cell diaphragm 500 is disposed between the anode electrode 200 and the cathode electrode 400, i.e., the anode electrode 200 and the cathode electrode 400 are disposed opposite to each other based on the electrolytic cell diaphragm 500, and the water electrolysis is performed between the anode electrode 200 and the cathode electrode 400 in isolation of the cell diaphragm 500.An embodiment of the present invention includes an anode clamp, an anode electrode, a cathode clamp, a cathode electrode, and an electrolytic cell diaphragm located between the anode clamp and the cathode clamp, wherein the anode clamp includes an anode clamp plate having a recess, an anode guide plate, and an anode buffer mesh, wherein the anode guide plate is fixedly installed in the recess of the anode clamp plate, wherein the anode buffer mesh covers the anode guide plate, and wherein the anode electrode is installed on a side of the anode buffer mesh opposite to the anode guide plate; wherein the cathode clamping device comprises a cathode clamping plate having a recess, a cathode guide plate and a cathode buffer mesh, wherein the cathode guide plate is fixedly installed in the recess of the cathode clamping plate, the cathode buffer mesh covers the cathode guide plate, and wherein the cathode electrode is installed on a side of the cathode buffer mesh facing away from the cathode guide plate; wherein the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are arranged opposite each other based on the electrolytic cell endiaphragm. The anode part or cathode part may be installed based on its own clamping plate, guide plate, buffer mesh and electrode. The electrolytic cell diaphragm 500 is interposed between the opposite sides of the two electrodes during the overall installation, the overall structure is simple, and the assembly operation is simple. Moreover, the anode electrode 200 and the cathode electrode 400 have respective clamping plates, guide plates, and buffer nets for attachment, whereby it can be ensured that the positions of the anode electrode 200 and the cathode electrode 400 coincide and the current distribution during electrolysis is uniform, which can improve the electrolysis efficiency and the life of the electrodes.In an embodiment of the present invention, the anode clamping plate 110 and the cathode clamping plate 310 are made of polypropylene.The anode clamping plate 110 and the cathode clamping plate 310 may be made of polypropylene. Using the acid and alkali resistant as well as high temperature resistant properties of polypropylene, the acid and alkali electrolyte has high chemical stability, is not easily corroded or degraded, and can maintain its structural integrity for a long period of time, thereby ensuring safety and stability of the electrolyte system. The anode clamping plate 110 and the cathode clamping plate 310 are not easily deformed during use and can be reused, thereby significantly reducing the cost. In an example of the present invention, the anode clamping plate 110 and the cathode clamping plate 310 may have a thickness of 1 mm, a length and width of 2 x 3 cm, and a central water contact exposed surface of 2 x 2 cm.In an embodiment of the present invention, the anode guide plate 120 and the cathode guide plate 320 are made of titanium.The anode guide plate 120 and the cathode guide plate 320 may be made of cut titanium plates. When the titanium plate is immersed in the electrolyte, the surface of the titanium plate forms a layer of titanium oxide-graphite film, which further enhances its corrosion resistance, so that it can stably operate in the electrolyte for a long period of time and is not damaged by corrosion. And titanium plate has high mechanical strength, the electrolyte can withstand working environments of various stresses and pressures to ensure overall structural stability and reliability. In an embodiment of the present invention, the anode guide plate 120 and the cathode guide plate 320 may have a thickness of 1 mm and may be fitted into the recesses of the corresponding clamping plate.In an example of the present invention, the anode buffer mesh 130 and the cathode buffer mesh 330 are made of nickel. Due to the high conductivity of the nickel mesh, the resistance loss in the electrolysis process can be effectively reduced and the current efficiency can be improved. Moreover, the nickel mesh has high mechanical strength and high corrosion resistance, and can stably operate in the electrolyte for a long period of time, which extends the life of the apparatus and maintains the integrity of the device structure.Further, the anode buffer mesh 130 has a same size as the anode electrode 200, and the cathode buffer mesh 330 has a same size as the cathode electrode 400, and the anode electrode 200 has a same size as the cathode electrode 400. In an embodiment of the present invention, the sizes of the anode buffer mesh 130, the anode electrode 200, and the cathode buffer mesh 330 and the cathode electrode 400 are 2.5 x 2.5 cm, respectively.In an embodiment of the present invention, the electrolytic cell diaphragm 500 includes a diaphragm, the diaphragm having a size larger than the size of the cathode electrode 400 or the size of the anode electrode 200. The diaphragm is a physical barrier through which the diaphragm separates the anode electrode 200 and the cathode electrode 400 in the electrolytic cell, thereby preventing direct mixing of the gases or products generated from the two electrodes while passing the ions in the electrolyte and maintaining the charge balance of the electrolysis reaction. The size of the diaphragm is larger than the size of the cathode electrode 400 or the size of the anode electrode 200, which can effectively prevent short circuit of the device. In an example of the present invention, the size of the diaphragm is 3 x 3 cm.In an embodiment of the present invention, the electrolytic cell endiaphragma 500 includes a cation and anion exchange membrane, wherein the cation and anion exchange membrane has a size larger than the size of the cathode electrode 400 or the size of the anode electrode 200. A cation and anion exchange membrane is a selective ion conductivity membrane capable of passing cations or anions and preventing the passage of ions of opposite charge depending on the chemical properties of the membrane. The size of the cation and anion exchange membrane is larger than the size of the cathode electrode 400 or the size of the anode electrode 200, which can effectively prevent short circuit of the device. In an example of the present invention, the size of the exchange membrane for cations and anions is 3 x 3 cm.In an embodiment of the present invention, the anode clamping plate 110 comprises two identical anode sub-clamping plates, wherein the two anode sub-clamping plates are firmly connected to one another by means of screws.Each of the anode clamping plate 110 and the cathode clamping plate 310 may be fixed by clamping the two respective sub clamping plates to fix the respective guide plate and the buffer net, which are then fixed with screws. Accordingly, in assembly, the following components may be assembled into the clamp sequentially: cathode clamp plate 310, cathode guide plate 320, cathode buffer mesh 330, cathode electrode 400, diaphragm or exchange membrane for cations and anions, anode electrode 200, anode buffer mesh 130, anode guide plate 120, and anode clamp plate 110. In this assembly, screws are used to make a connection with clamping force that can be disassembled and reused. Assembly and disassembly are simple and convenient.Based on the above test clamp for water electrolysis, hydrogen generation is performed under various conditions:In one case, the cathode and anode electrodes were nickel foam and Raney nickel, respectively, and the diaphragm was the Agfa Cirfon membrane. The clamping device was assembled by the above assembling method. The above clamp was tested in a 80 degree Celsius 6M potassium hydroxide system and the tank pressure-current curves were determined as shown in FIG. 2, with the tank pressure varying with current. For cathode electrode 400, the overpotential may be depicted in FIG. 3, with current density increasing with the change in potential. For the anode electrode 200, the overpotential may be depicted in FIG. 4, with the current density increasing with the change in potential.In the other case, the cathode and anode electrodes were respectively commercially available platinum carbons and iridium dioxide, and the membranes were proton exchange membranes. The clamping device was assembled by the above assembling method. The above clamp was tested in a 60 degree Celsius system with deionized water and the tank pressure-current curves were determined as shown in FIG. 5, with the tank pressure varying with current. For the cathode electrode 400, the overpotential may be depicted in FIG. 6, with the current density increasing with the change in potential. For the anode electrode 200, the overpotential may be represented in FIG. 7, with the current density increasing with the change in potential.The present utility model further discloses a water electrolysis hydrogen generation apparatus comprising: an electrolysis tank; and a above water electrolysis test clamp, wherein the electrolysis tank stores an electrolyte solution, wherein the water electrolysis test clamp is at least partially immersed in the electrolyte solution. The electrolysis tank stores an electrolyte solution, and the test clamp for water electrolysis is at least partially immersed in the electrolyte solution. The type of the electrolyte solution can be determined according to requirements.In an embodiment of the present invention, the electrolyte solution is an alkaline electrolyte solution. The hydrogen is produced by electrolysis of the alkaline electrolyte solution. In one example, the alkaline electrolyte solution may be a potassium hydroxide solution.Finally, it should also be noted that in this document relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another and do not necessarily require or imply the presence of such actual relationship or order between those entities or operations. Further, the terms "including," "comprising," or other variant thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a method, method, article, or terminal device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not expressly listed or other elements not expressly listed for the purpose of the method, method, article, or terminal device. other elements or even elements inherent in the process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitation, the fact that an element is defined by the indication "einschließlich......" does not exclude that another identical element is present in the method, method, article or terminal containing said element.The above is a detailed introduction to a water electrolysis test clamp and a water electrolysis hydrogen generation apparatus provided by the present invention, and specific examples are applied here to elaborate the principle and the implementation of the present invention, and the above description of the embodiments is used only to aid in understanding the method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for general technical personnel in the field based on the idea of the invention, the specific implementation and the scope of application of the invention are also used to aid in understanding the method and the core idea of the invention. At the same time, there will be alterations in specific implementation and scope to general technical personnel in the field according to the spirit of the utility model, in summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation of the utility model.

Claims

A test clamp for electrolysis of water, characterized in that the test clamp comprises: an anode clamp, an anode electrode, a cathode clamp, a cathode electrode, and an electrolytic cell diaphragm located between the anode clamp and the cathode clamp; wherein the anode clamp comprises an anode clamp plate having a recess, an anode guide plate, and an anode buffer mesh, wherein the anode guide plate is fixedly installed in the recess of the anode clamp plate, wherein the anode buffer mesh covers the anode guide plate, and wherein the anode electrode is installed on a side of the anode buffer mesh facing away from the anode guide plate; wherein the cathode clamp device comprises a cathode clamp plate having a recess, a cathode guide plate and a cathode buffer mesh, wherein the cathode guide plate is fixedly installed in the recess of the cathode clamp plate, the cathode buffer mesh covers the cathode guide plate, and wherein the cathode electrode is installed on a side of the cathode buffer mesh facing away from the cathode guide plate; and wherein the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are arranged opposite to each other based on the electrolytic cell end diaphragm.The water electrolysis test clamp of claim 1, characterized in that the anode clamp plate is made of polypropylene.A water electrolysis test clamp according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the cathode clamp plate is made of polypropylene.A water electrolysis test clamp according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the anode guide plate is made of titanium.A water electrolysis test clamp according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the cathode guide plate is made of titanium.A water electrolysis test clamp according to any preceding claim, characterised in that the anode buffer mesh is made of nickel.A water electrolysis test clamp according to any preceding claim, characterised in that the cathode buffer mesh is made of nickel.The water electrolysis test clamp according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anode buffer mesh has a same size as the anode electrode, and that the cathode buffer mesh has a same size as the cathode electrode, and that the anode electrode has a same size as the cathode electrode.The water electrolysis test clamp according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrolytic cell endiaphragma comprises a diaphragm, the diaphragm having a size larger than the size of the cathode electrode or the size of the anode electrode.The water electrolysis test clamp according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrolytic cell endiaphragma comprises a cation and anion exchange membrane, the cation and anion exchange membrane having a size larger than the size of the cathode electrode or the size of the anode electrode.The device for testing electrolysis of water according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anode clamping plate comprises two identical anode sub-clamping plates, the two anode sub-clamping plates being firmly connected to one another by screws.An apparatus for hydrogen generation by water electrolysis, characterized byan electrolysis tank and a test clamp for water electrolysis according to any one of claims 1 to 11; wherein the electrolysis tank can store an electrolyte solution, in particular stores the electrolyte solution, wherein the test clamp for water electrolysis can at least partially be immersed, in particular is immersed, in the electrolyte solution.The apparatus for hydrogen generation by water electrolysis according to claim 12, characterized in that the electrolyte solution is alkaline.

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