Lockable snap connection

Abstract

Snap connection (10, 40, 60, 70, 90) for releasable attachment to an opening (28, 45, 72) of a body (36, 46, 62, 73), comprising at least one fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98) and a locking device (12, 42, 75, 91), wherein in a fastening position the fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98) can be fixed in the opening (28, 45, 72), wherein the fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98) is secured against detachment from the fastening position by the locking device (12, 42, 75, 91) in a locking position of the locking device (12, 42, 75, 91), wherein the fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98) with the locking device (12, 42, 75, 91) in an unlocking position of the locking device (12, 42, 75, 91) can be released from the opening (28, 45, 72), characterized in that the locking device (12, 42, 75, 91) comprises a bolt (13, 43, 64, 74, 92) and at least one locking device (14, 48, 82),wherein the locking device (14, 48, 82) is rigidly connected to the fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98) and the bolt (13, 43, 64, 74, 92), wherein in the locking position the locking device (14, 48, 82) can be clamped forcefully between the fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98) and the bolt (13, 43, 64, 74, 92).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a snap connection for releasable attachment to an opening of a body, comprising at least one fastening element and a locking device, wherein in a fastening position the fastening element can be fixed in the opening, wherein the fastening element is secured against release from the fastening position by the locking device in a locking position of the locking device, and wherein the fastening element can be released from the opening with the locking device in an unlocking position of the locking device.

[0002] Fasteners are used to attach components to openings in bodies and are well-known, for example, in the automotive industry. These fasteners are often made of plastic and are regularly used for connections that need to be disconnected rarely or never. Furthermore, snap-fit ​​connections offer a cost-effective fastening option. Snap-fit ​​connections are usually designed as multiple fasteners in the form of elongated arms with outward-facing locking tabs on one front side. These fasteners are often called snap hooks. The arms are frequently aligned parallel or arranged azimuthally around a common central axis. Since the arms are only connected to the component being attached at one rear side, they can be bent, thus bending the locking tabs towards the common central axis.Such a bend allows the fastener to be inserted into an opening whose size corresponds to the outer circumference of the fastener at its arms, but is smaller than the circumference around the fastener at its locking lugs. Once the fastener is inserted into the opening, the arms, along with the locking lugs, can be moved toward their initial position, causing the locking lugs to engage behind the opening's edge. Such a connection between a fastener and a body can be designed as either separable or permanent. These snap-fit ​​connections often enable particularly quick and easy assembly, especially in confined spaces or areas with limited access for tools.

[0003] Such snap connections are known, for example, from DE 10 2023 105 400 A1, DE 10 2021 205 249 A1 or CN 104343774 A.

[0004] Snap connections can sometimes also include a locking device that, once locked, prevents the fastener from being removed from an opening. It is well known to design such a locking device in the form of an expansion nail, thus shaping the fastener into an expansion anchor. Other known forms include cotter pins, bolts, slides, or pins. After the fastener has been installed in the opening, the locking device can be driven between the arms, thereby preventing the arms from bending towards their common central axis. Consequently, the locking lugs are firmly fixed behind the opening, and the fastener cannot be pulled out. In one embodiment, the locking device can be driven along the common central axis of the arms into a cylindrical cavity bounded by the inner sides of the arms.According to one embodiment, the locking device can also be driven in perpendicular to the aforementioned central axis between at least two arms, provided that the arms protrude sufficiently far from the opening and the snap connection has a suitable opening on the outside.

[0005] A comparable locking mechanism is known, for example, in the clip from DE 10 2010 034 006 A, DE000003228189A1, DE000020001945U1 or DE202007016717U1.

[0006] The previously known designs of lockable snap connections generally have in common that the fasteners and the locking device constitute at least two components that must be brought together during assembly, resulting in increased assembly effort. A design with at least two components also requires increased manufacturing effort, as at least two production lines must be operated for the individual components.

[0007] Fasteners with a locking mechanism that are made from a single component typically suffer irreversible damage to part of the component when locked, making it difficult or impossible to remove the fastener from the opening. This is particularly disadvantageous when such a fastener needs to be removed for maintenance, inspection, or replacement. In most cases, the only option is to destroy the fastener and break it out of the mounting hole. Removing the fastener in this way often damages part of the opening, which can lead to increased follow-up costs. Furthermore, reattaching the fastener is usually difficult or impossible, which is why such snap connections are often used only as permanent, one-way snap fasteners.

[0008] The present invention therefore aims to propose a snap connection for detachable fastening to an opening of a body, which can be reversibly locked and allows for simple and cost-effective manufacturing.

[0009] This problem is solved by a snap connection with the features of claim 1, a fastening arrangement with the features of claim 24 and a plastic attachment with the features of claim 25.

[0010] The snap connection according to the invention for releasable fastening to an opening of a body comprises at least one fastening element and a locking device, wherein in a fastening position the fastening element can be fixed in the opening, wherein the fastening element is secured against loosening from the fastening position by the locking device in a locking position of the locking device, wherein the fastening element can be released from the opening with the locking device in an unlocking position of the locking device, wherein the locking device comprises a bolt and at least one locking device, wherein the locking device is firmly connected to the fastening element and the bolt, wherein in the locking position the locking device can be clamped forcefully between the fastening element and the bolt.

[0011] The fastening element can be shaped so that it can be inserted into the opening of the body. The fastening element can then be fixed in the opening in such a way that it can also be removed from the opening. This can be achieved by pulling the fastening element out of the opening with a sufficiently high force. The locking device is designed such that it can be moved into at least two positions relative to the fastening position. A first position is referred to as the unlocking position and a second position as the locking position. The locking device comprises a bolt and at least one locking mechanism. In the locking position of the locking device, the bolt can be located closer to the body than in the unlocking position of the locking device.During locking, the bolt can be pushed into the snap connection towards the opening, and during unlocking, the bolt can be pulled out of the snap connection and away from the body.

[0012] The locking device is rigidly connected to the fastener and the bolt. It is therefore designed to allow movement of the bolt relative to the fastener. The locking device can be designed so that, in the unlocked position of the locking mechanism, it is positioned between the bolt and the fastener in such a way that it deforms during relative movement of the bolt and locking device, but is not able to prevent this relative movement. For this purpose, the locking device can be elastic or partially elastic, or it can include movable elements. In a locked position of the locking mechanism, the locking device can be clamped between the bolt and the fastener.

[0013] The locking device can be designed such that, when locked, the bolt abuts a stop in the locked position, and the relative arrangement of the bolt, locking mechanism, and fastener in this position ensures that the locking mechanism is clamped between the fastener and the bolt. Alternatively, the locking mechanism can be designed to limit movement of the bolt precisely when it is clamped forcefully between the fastener and the bolt, thus reaching the locked position. Force-fit clamping in the locked position requires that the locking mechanism bears against the bolt at a first pressure point and against the fastener at a second pressure point, and that, at least in this position, a compression-resistant connection exists between the first and second pressure points.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the fastening element can be fixed in the opening by force-fit and / or form-fit. Force-fit fixing can be achieved by using partially elastic fastening elements that are bent inwards during installation and, in the installed position, exert a clamping force on the inside of an opening reveal due to restoring forces within the material. Releasing the fastening by pulling out the fastening element would then only be possible by overcoming frictional forces between the fastening element and the opening. Form-fit fixing, in which the fastening element can at least partially engage an opening reveal, can provide even better security against the fastening element being removed from its installed position.The fastening element may have a bead, a groove or another shape feature that is at least partially formed as a counterpart to a shape of the opening.

[0015] Preferably, the locking device comprises two couplings and a locking body, wherein a first coupling is connected to the locking body and the bolt via coupling joints, and a second coupling is connected to the locking body and the fastening element via coupling joints. An embodiment of the locking device with four coupling joints allows free movement and deformation of the locking device when the bolt and the fastening element move relative to each other. Free movement of the bolt towards or away from the body is always possible when the locking device is not in the locked position.

[0016] The distance between the coupling joints on the locking body, together with the thickness of the first coupling and the thickness of the second coupling, can preferably exceed the distance between the bolt and the fastening element. In such a configuration, it is possible that, in a locked position of the locking device, the coupling joints on the locking body rest against the fastening element and the bolt, respectively. The first coupling then lies flat against the fastening element, and the second coupling lies flat against the bolt, while the locking body can be clamped between the now immobile couplings.

[0017] The locking element can have an extension along an axis perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the coupling joints, which corresponds at least to the distance between the bolt and the fastening element. In a locked position of the locking device, the locking element can then bear against the fastening element at a first clamping point and against the bolt at a second clamping point. Clamping is then possible using only the locking element and without the couplings.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the locking element has a cross-sectional shape in a plane perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the coupling joints, possessing a first width between the coupling joints and a second width between two endpoints spaced apart from the coupling joints, the second width being at least as large as the first width. The locking element then has an extension in the relevant plane, at least along one axis, that allows clamping between the bolt and the fastening element, so that the coupling joints on the locking element do not bear against the fastening element or bolt. Consequently, the coupling joints do not have to transmit any clamping forces, which can increase the durability of the locking device.

[0019] Preferably, the locking element has the shape of a trapezoid, a parallelogram, a rectangle, or an ellipse. In the case of a non-right-angled parallelogram, the coupling joints are preferably arranged at opposite corners that are closer together. In a locking position, opposite corners can then clamp with a greater distance between the bolt and the fastening element. In the case of a rectangle, the coupling joints are preferably arranged at opposite corners, while clamping can occur between the other two diagonally opposite corners. In the case of an ellipse, the coupling joints can be arranged at two ends of a short semi-axis, while clamping can occur between any two other points spaced along a circumference from the coupling joints, since such two points will always be further apart.

[0020] In the locked position, one of the end points can rest against the fastener and another against the bolt. The locking element can then transmit clamping forces between the fastener and the bolt via these end points. Due to the high load, the end points are preferably designed to be pressure-resistant and / or reinforced.

[0021] At least one of the end points can be positioned between the bolt and the fastening element in the unlocked position. If at least one of the end points is not in contact with either the bolt or the fastening element, it is therefore ensured that no clamping between the end points is to be expected in the unlocked position. Preferably, in the unlocked position, either no part of the locking element is in contact with the bolt or no part of the locking element is in contact with the fastening element. Then, deformation of the locking device can occur at least by movement of a coupling at two coupling joints. Relative movement of the bolt and the fastening element is then possible.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the locking element is essentially rigid. A rigidly designed locking element is particularly well able to compensate for the clamping forces between the bolt and the fastening element or between the two couplings.

[0023] The couplings can be essentially rigid or elastic. If the couplings are essentially rigid, the mobility of the coupling joints is of particular importance, as this ensures the deformability of the locking device. If the couplings are elastic, mobility of the coupling joints is essentially unnecessary, since deformation of the locking device and simultaneous rotation of the locking element can also be ensured by deformation of the couplings.

[0024] The coupling joints are preferably designed using film hinges. Manufacturing, e.g., using an injection molding process, is then particularly simple.

[0025] Furthermore, the fastening element is preferably designed as a one-piece molded part. This allows for particularly easy manufacturing, for example, using an injection molding process. Additionally, only one component is required for full functionality, which enables particularly simple logistics and assembly.

[0026] The fastener can be made of plastic, particularly injection-molded plastic. Preferably, a plastic is used that allows the fastener to bend while also ensuring durability under repeated bending. Furthermore, such a plastic preferably has the property of not deforming, or only minimally deforming, under compression. The locking device can then create a particularly secure clamping connection between the fastener and the bolt. Such a selection can also prevent the locking device from being pressed into the fastener or the bolt. The plastic can preferably also be made particularly break-resistant, thus preventing the fastener from breaking out of the opening. When injection-molded plastic is used, manufacturing can be particularly simple and cost-effective.

[0027] The fastener can include a locking lug, which engages behind a rebate of the opening in the fastening position. Such a locking lug can prevent the fastener from being easily pulled out of the fastening position with minimal effort. Furthermore, it can, for example, guide the fastener into the fastening position, ensuring that the fastener rests precisely in the defined fastening position.

[0028] The locking lug can be designed as a bead that bulges out from a generally straight arm of the fastener. A bead in the form of a generally round bulge from the arm allows for particularly simple manufacturing, as it eliminates the need for sharp edges or corners. Furthermore, a bead is also particularly resistant to mechanical chipping or abrasion, since it has no particularly exposed areas such as edges or corners. The rounded shape of the bead also prevents damage to other components involved in the connection, such as the opening jamb.

[0029] The lockable snap connection can have at least two fasteners, each with a locking device, arranged at regular azimuthal intervals around a circumference centered on the bolt's central axis. When the fasteners are arranged at regular intervals around such a circumference, they are distributed in a substantially uniform manner, ensuring a symmetrical force distribution both when the fasteners are inserted into an opening and when the locking device engages. When the locking devices clamp evenly around the bolt in a locked position, the bolt is not forced in one direction, resulting in particularly good fastener durability.Such an arrangement also ensures particularly easy insertion of the fastening elements into the opening, because the force distribution in the direction of the common axis means that the entire fastening elements are not pushed away in a direction deviating from this axis.

[0030] The lockable snap connection can also have exactly one fastening element with a locking device, and the body can have a counter bearing, with the locking device being clampable in a locking position between the counter bearing and the fastening element. If the snap connection has only one fastening element, the opening in the body can be made particularly small, thus ensuring minimal structural weakening of the body. Furthermore, the fastening element can then be used in confined spaces due to its smaller dimensions. The counter bearing can then be formed by a projection on the body or simply by the opening itself.

[0031] The lockable snap connection can be moved into the fastening position with an actuating force of 10 N to 50 N, preferably 20 N to 40 N, particularly preferably 30 N, and / or released from the opening with a force of 100 N to 140 N, preferably 110 N to 130 N, particularly preferably 120 N. Because the force required to release the snap connection from the opening is significantly higher than the force required for fastening, the snap connection can be easily fastened but is relatively well secured against unintentional loosening. The respective force can then overcome, for example, deformation of the material, in particular bending of the fastening element caused by pressing the ridges into the opening, as well as frictional forces.

[0032] The fastener preferably has a substantially cylindrical or flat shape. A substantially cylindrical shape makes it particularly suitable for insertion into circular holes. Furthermore, a cylindrical shape offers advantageous resistance to damage because it has few or no particularly exposed areas. A flat shape, i.e., one that is essentially formed in only two dimensions, makes it particularly suitable for fastening in a slotted hole. Such a shape is especially advantageous when material-efficient manufacturing of the fastener is desired and when, in an installation situation, forces acting on the fastener perpendicular to the slotted hole and parallel to the body can be absorbed by other components or are not expected.

[0033] The locking device can be accessible and actuated from a first side and / or a second side along a central axis. The locking mechanism is usually accessible from the first side, from which the snap connection is inserted into the opening. In this case, only a small space may be reserved behind the opening to accommodate a few elements, such as the tips of fasteners, that protrude through the opening. However, the locking device can also be accessible from the second side, from which the snap connection is inserted into the opening. In this case, the locking device can then be actuated through the opening. Such an arrangement can be particularly advantageous if a first component is attached to the snap connection via the opening, as the snap connection can then be firmly connected to a second component against which the first component is to be fixed.The connection between the snap-fit ​​connection and the second component can then be made particularly easily and cost-effectively.

[0034] The bolt can have an actuating element, in particular a tab, eyelet, nipple, hook, or similar, by means of which the locking device can be moved into the locked position and / or the unlocked position. Because of the actuating element, it can be particularly easy to push or pull the bolt. Pulling, in particular, can be simplified by a specially designed shape. Other possible embodiments of the actuating element include a button, a rod, a band, a cord, or a magnet. The actuating element can also be designed such that it only allows the locking device to be moved into the locked position, but not, or with increased difficulty, into the unlocked position.

[0035] The actuating element can be formed by a hole in the bolt, the hole being penetrable by an actuating tool, thus allowing access behind the bolt. The actuating element can then be designed as a collar. The actuating tool can be a rod with a widening at one end or a hook. It can be inserted through the hole and then engaged behind the collar with the widening or the hook. Preferably, the hole has an elongated shape, so that an actuating tool, which has two oppositely pointing projections at its tip, can be guided through the hole and then rotated by 90° to engage behind the collar. Consequently, the bolt can be pulled, thus actuating the locking device. Pushing the bolt is also possible by positioning the actuating tool in front of the collar.

[0036] The fastening arrangement according to the invention comprises a snap-fit ​​connection and a body. Such a fastening arrangement can be used whenever a component is to be attached to the body. The fastening element is then preferably permanently connected to the component and ensures a secure, yet releasable connection between the component and the body.

[0037] The plastic attachment according to the invention, particularly for a vehicle, motor vehicle, or household appliance, comprises a snap-fit ​​connection according to the invention. Plastic attachments, e.g., cable management channels, should be particularly quick to install in a motor vehicle, but must also be detachable from the body or other supporting structure for maintenance or replacement. Plastic attachments in a household appliance, e.g., a mixer, should be attached cost-effectively and with vibration resistance. A lockable snap-fit ​​connection according to the invention is able to meet these requirements.

[0038] Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] They show: Fig. 1 a cross-section of a lockable snap connection with two fastening elements in a fastening position and a locking device in an unlocking position; Fig. 2 a cross-section of a lockable snap connection with two fasteners in a fastening position with the locking device in a locking position; Fig. 3 a perspective view of a lockable snap connection with three fasteners in one fastening position; Fig. 4 a perspective view of a lockable snap connection with two fasteners in one fastening position; Fig. 5 a cross-section of a lockable snap connection with a fastening element in a fastening position with a locking device in a locking position; Fig. 6 a cross-section of a lockable snap connection with a fastening element in the fastening position with the locking device in an unlocking position; Fig. 7 a perspective view of a lockable snap connection with a fastening element in the fastening position with the locking device in the unlocking position; Fig. 8 A perspective view of a lockable snap connection with an actuating element that can be actuated through the opening.

[0040] A summary of Fig. 1 and Fig. Figure 2 shows a snap connection 10 with two fastening elements 11 and a locking device 12. The locking device 12 comprises a bolt 13 and two locking elements 14. The locking elements 14 each comprise a locking body 15, a first coupling 16, and a second coupling 17. The first coupling 16 is designed as a short web 35, which is attached to the fastening element 11 by a first coupling joint 18 and connected to the locking body 15 by a second coupling joint 19. The second coupling 17 comprises a third coupling joint 20, which is connected to the bolt 13, and a fourth coupling joint 21, which is connected to the locking body 15. The snap connection 10 is shown in its assembled position. In particular, the fastening elements 11 each have the form of an elongated arm 22, from which a locking lug 24 in the form of a bead 25 protrudes at an end 23 pointing towards the body 36.Fastening is achieved such that, in the fastening position, an outer surface 26 of the fastening element 11 rests against an opening reveal 27 of the opening 28, with the locking lug 24 engaging behind the opening reveal 27 and resting against an inner surface 29 of the opening reveal 27 with a foot 30 of the bead 25 pointing away from the body 36. The first coupling joint 18 is arranged on an inner surface 31 of the fastening element 11, and the fourth coupling joint 21 is arranged on an outer surface 32 of the bolt 13.

[0041] In the Fig. In the unlocked position of the locking device shown in Figure 1, the bolt 13 is arranged relative to the fastening elements 11 such that the locking elements 15 are located completely between the bolt 13 and the fastening elements 11, i.e., they do not touch the inner surface 31 or the outer surface 32. The arrangement of the couplings 16, 17 then allows largely free horizontal movement of the bolt 13 as well as bending of the fastening elements 11 in the direction of the bolt 13.

[0042] In the Fig. Figure 2 shows the locking device 12 in the locked position. In particular, the bolt 13 is located in the unlocked position compared to the unlocked position. Fig. 1 closer to the body 36 and the locking elements 15 are rotated relative to the unlocking position such that they bear against the fastening element 11 with a first contact point 33 and against the bolt 13 with a second contact point 34, thus clamping between the fastening element 11 and the bolt 13. This clamping prevents both further horizontal movement of the bolt 13 towards the body 22 and bending of the fastening elements 11 towards the bolt 13. To release the snap connection 10, the bolt 13 is moved from the locked position into Fig. 2 away from the body 36 into the unlocking position in Fig. 1 pulled, after which it is possible to compress the fastening elements 11 and thus also to pull the locking lugs 24 through the opening 28.

[0043] Fig. Figure 3 shows a snap connection 40 with three fastening elements 41 and a locking device 42. A bolt 43 of the locking device 42 is designed here in the form of a triangular prism 44. The snap connector 40 is attached in a fastening position in an opening 45 of a body 46. The three fastening elements 41 are arranged evenly around a circumference 58 about a common central axis 47. The locking devices 48 each have two couplings 49 in the form of film hinges 50 and a locking body 51 in the form of a prism 52 with a parallelogram 53 as the base of the prism 52. The film hinges 50 connect edges 54 of the prism 52, which originate from the nearest opposite corners 55 of the parallelogram 53, to an outer surface 56 of the latch 43. In this embodiment, the snap connection 40 is firmly connected to an integrally formed component 57, which is thus fixed to the body 46 by the snap connection 40.

[0044] Fig. Figure 4 shows a snap connection 60 with two fastening elements 61, which is attached in a fastening position in a body 62. The fastening elements 61 are arranged opposite each other around a central axis 63 of a latch 64.

[0045] A compilation of Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. Figure 7 shows a snap connection 70 with a fastening element 71, which is attached in a fastening position in an opening 72 of a body 73. In this embodiment, a bolt 74 of a locking device 75 is formed with a first, longer arm 76 and a second, shorter arm 77. In addition to the fastening element 71, the first, longer arm 76 also projects into the opening 72 in the fastening position. Here, an outer surface 78 of the fastening element 71 rests against a first opening lining 79 and an inner surface 80 of the first, longer arm 76 rests against a second opening lining 81 of the opening 72. In the Fig. In the locking position shown in Figure 5, a first locking device 82 clamps between the fastening element 71 and the first, longer arm 76 of the bolt 74. A counter-locking device 83 clamps in the locking position between the second, shorter arm 77 of the bolt 74 and a retaining element 84. Vertical movement of the fastening element 70 in the opening 72 is prevented because the first, longer arm 76 of the bolt 74 rests with its inner side 80 against the second opening lining 81 of the opening 72, and the second opening lining 81 acts as a counter bearing 85 against the clamping forces of the locking device 75.

[0046] Fig.Figure 8 shows a perspective view of a snap connection 90 in a fastening position. A locking device 91 is shown here in an unlocking position. A bolt 92 of the locking device 91 is formed with an actuating element 93 in the form of a hole 94 with a collar 95. The actuating element 93 has an elongated shape 96. An actuating tool, not shown here, can be inserted from a first side 97 along a central axis 102 towards a second side 100 between fastening elements 98 through the hole 94 behind the collar 95. The actuating tool can then be rotated, tilted, or laterally displaced to engage a rear side 99 of the collar 95. Preferably, the actuating tool has a widening or a hook at one tip for this purpose.Corresponding to the elongated shape 96 of the actuating element, an actuating tool can also be inserted, which has two projections at its tip extending in opposite directions. The actuating tool can then be guided through the hole 94 with its tip so that the projections are oriented parallel to the elongated shape 96. Subsequently, the actuating tool can be rotated 90° about its longitudinal axis, allowing the projections to engage the rear side 99. By withdrawing the actuating tool, the collar 95, and thus the bolt 92, can be pulled towards the first side, thereby moving the locking device 91 from the unlocked position to a locked position. Conversely, the actuating tool can be pressed against a front surface 101 of the collar 95, thus pushing the bolt 92 towards the second side 100.The locking device 91 can thus be moved from the locking position to the unlocking position. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2023 105 400 A1

[0003] DE 10 2021 205 249 A1

[0003] CN 104343774 A

[0003] DE 10 2010 034 006 A

[0005] DE 000003228189A1

[0005] DE 000020001945U1

[0005] DE 202007016717U1

[0005]

Claims

[1] Snap connection (10, 40, 60, 70, 90) for releasable attachment to an opening (28, 45, 72) of a body (36, 46, 62, 73), comprising at least one fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98) and a locking device (12, 42, 75, 91), wherein in a fastening position the fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98) can be fixed in the opening (28, 45, 72), wherein the fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98) is secured against loosening from the fastening position by the locking device (12, 42, 75, 91) in a locking position of the locking device (12, 42, 75, 91), wherein the Fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98) with the locking device (12, 42, 75, 91) can be released from the opening (28, 45, 72) in an unlocking position of the locking device (12, 42, 75, 91), characterized by, that the locking device (12, 42, 75, 91) comprises a bolt (13, 43, 64, 74, 92) and at least one locking device (14, 48, 82), wherein the locking device (14, 48, 82) is firmly connected to the fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98) and the bolt (13, 43, 64, 74, 92), wherein in the locking position the locking device (14, 48, 82) can be clamped forcefully between the fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98) and the bolt (13, 43, 64, 74, 92). [2] Snap connection according to claim 1, characterized by , that the fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98) can be fixed in the opening (28, 45, 72) by force and / or form locking. [3] Snap connection according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized by, that the locking device (14, 48, 82) comprises two couplings (16, 17, 49) and a locking body (15, 51), wherein a first coupling (17, 49) is connected to the locking body (15, 51) and the bolt (13, 43, 64, 74, 92) via coupling joints (20, 21) and a second coupling (16) is connected to the locking body (15, 51) and the fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98) via coupling joints (18, 19). [4] Snap connection according to claim 3, characterized by , that the distance between the coupling joints (19, 21) on the locking body (15, 51) together with the thickness of the first coupling (17, 49) and the thickness of the second coupling (16) exceeds the distance between the bolt (13, 43, 64, 74, 92) and the fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98). [5] Snap connection according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized by, that the locking body (15, 51) has an extension along an axis perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the coupling joints (18, 19, 20, 21) which corresponds to at least a distance between the bolt (13, 43, 64, 74, 92) and the fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98). [6] Snap connection according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized by , that the locking body (15, 51) in a plane perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the coupling joints (18, 19, 20, 21) has a cross-sectional shape which has a first width between the coupling joints (19, 21) and a second width between two end points spaced apart from the coupling joints (19, 21), wherein the second width is at least as large as the first width. [7] Snap connection according to claim 6, characterized by , that the shape is a trapezoid, a parallelogram (53), a rectangle or an ellipse. [8] Snap connection according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized by, that in the locking position one of the end points is located on the fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98) and another on the bolt (13, 43, 64, 74, 92). [9] Snap-fit ​​connection according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized by , that at least one of the edge points is located in the unlocking position between the bolt (13, 43, 64, 74, 92) and the fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98). [10] Snap connection according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized by , that the barrier body (15, 51) is essentially rigid. [11] Snap connection according to any one of claims 3 to 10, characterized by , that the couplings (16, 17, 49) are essentially rigid or elastic. [12] Snap connection according to any one of claims 3 to 11, characterized by , that the coupling joints (18, 19, 20, 21) are formed by film hinges (50). [13] Snap-fit ​​connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the fastening elements (11, 41, 61, 71, 98) and the locking devices (14, 48, 82) together with the attached attachment are formed as a single molded part. [14] Snap-fit ​​connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the attached component is made of plastic, in particular injection-molded plastic. [15] Snap-fit ​​connection according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98) comprises a locking lug (24), wherein the locking lug (24) engages behind an opening reveal (27, 79, 81) of the opening (28, 45, 25 72) in the fastening position. [16] Snap connection according to claim 15, characterized by , that the locking lug (24) is formed in the form of a bead (25) which bulges out from a substantially straight arm (22, 76, 77) of the fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98). [17] Snap-fit ​​connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that these have at least two fastening elements (11, 41, 61, 98) each with a locking device (14, 48) which are arranged at regular azimuthal intervals around a central axis (47, 63, 102) and at equal radial distances from the central axis (47, 63, 102) of the bolt (13, 43, 64, 92). [18] Snap connection according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized by , that this has exactly one fastening element (71) together with a locking device (82) and the body (73) has a counter bearing (85), wherein the locking device (75) can be clamped in a locking position between the counter bearing (85) and the fastening element (71). [19] Snap-fit ​​connection according to any of the preceding claims, characterized bythat it can be brought into the fastening position with an actuating force of 10 N to 50 N, preferably 20 N to 40 N, particularly preferably 30 N and / or can be released from the opening (28, 45, 72) with a force of 100 N to 140 N, preferably 110 N to 130 N, particularly preferably 120 N. [20] Snap-fit ​​connection according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the fastening element (11, 41, 61, 71, 98) has a substantially cylindrical or flat basic shape. [21] Snap-fit ​​connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the locking device (12, 42, 75, 91) is accessible and operable in the direction of a central axis (47, 63, 102) from a first side (97) and / or from a second side (100). [22] Snap connection according to claim 21, characterized by, that the bolt (13, 43, 64, 74, 92) has an actuating element (93), in particular a tab, an eyelet, a nipple, a hook or the like, by means of which the locking device (12, 42, 75, 91) can be brought into the locking position and / or the unlocking position. [23] Snap connection according to claim 22, characterized by , that the actuating element (93) is formed by a hole (94) in the bolt (92), wherein the hole (94) can be penetrated by an actuating tool and thus the bolt (92) can be accessed from behind. [24] Fastening arrangement comprising a lockable snap connection (10, 40, 60, 70, 90) according to one of the preceding claims and a body (36, 46, 62, 73). [25] Plastic attachment, in particular for a vehicle, motor vehicle or household appliance, with a lockable snap connection (10, 40, 60, 70, 90) according to any one of claims 1 to 23.

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