Battery pack, energy storage device and an energy consumption device

Abstract

A battery pack, including: at least two battery cells arranged along a first direction and electrically connected in series, wherein the at least two battery cells each have a positive terminal and a negative terminal arranged away from each other in the first direction, and wherein in two battery cells connected in series, the positive terminal of one battery cell and the negative terminal of the other battery cell are electrically connected and opposite each other; a separator arranged between the casings of the two battery cells connected in series, the separator being provided with a through-opening and an electrical connection structure comprising the positive terminal and the negative terminal, which are electrically connected to each other, passing through the through-opening; and a signal acquisition unit comprising a acquisition section, wherein the acquisition section is connected to the electrical connection structure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular a battery pack, an energy storage device and an energy consumption device. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

[0002] In conventional technology, a battery pack comprises a battery module. The battery module includes a cell contact system (CCS) and a plurality of battery units (also called battery cells). The majority of the battery units are electrically connected via the CCS. However, the CCS has a relatively large volume and occupies a relatively large space within the battery pack, so the space available for arranging the battery units within the battery pack is relatively small. Consequently, the energy density of the battery pack is relatively low. SUMMARY

[0003] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a battery pack, an energy storage device and an energy consumption device.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a battery pack comprising: a signal acquisition unit, a separator, and at least two battery cells. Within each battery cell, the battery cell comprises a positive terminal and a negative terminal arranged away from each other in a first direction, and the at least two battery cells are distributed along the first direction and electrically connected in series. In two battery cells connected in series, the positive terminal of one battery cell and the negative terminal of the other battery cell are electrically connected and facing each other.The casings of the at least two battery cells distributed along the first direction are separated from each other by the separator, the separator being provided with a through-opening through which an electrical connection structure, comprising the positive and negative terminals which are electrically connected, passes. The signal acquisition unit comprises a sensing section, and the sensing section is connected to the electrical connection structure.

[0005] As can be seen from the above contents of the battery pack according to the present disclosure, in a battery pack housing the electrical connection structure, which includes the positive terminal and the negative terminal, does not occupy any space above the battery cell, the sensing section of the signal sensing unit also does not occupy any space above the battery cell, and it is not necessary to arrange a cable harness insulating plate above the battery cell, so that the space above the battery cell can be unused or less utilized.Provided that battery pack housings with the same dimensions are used, the battery pack of the present disclosure saves space above the battery cell compared to the prior art, the battery cell can be designed with relatively large dimensions in the vertical direction, the battery cell can be designed with a relatively large overall volume, and the battery cell can store more electrical energy. Therefore, the battery pack according to the present disclosure can have the advantage of a relatively high energy density.

[0006] In some embodiments, the positive terminal and the negative terminal are directly electrically connected to each other in the electrical connection structure, wherein at least part of a structure of the positive terminal is arranged in the through-hole and / or at least part of a structure of the negative terminal is arranged in the through-hole.

[0007] In some embodiments, at least one of the positive and negative terminals in the electrical connection structure is provided with a receiving recess, wherein the sensing section is arranged in the receiving recess and the sensing section is clamped by the positive and negative terminals.

[0008] In some embodiments, the negative terminal is provided with the receiving recess, and the receiving recess is set back from an end face of the negative terminal and extends to a side face of the negative terminal.

[0009] In some embodiments, the positive terminal is provided with the receiving recess, and the receiving recess is set back from an end face of the positive terminal and extends to a side face of the positive terminal.

[0010] In some embodiments, the electrical connection structure further comprises a conductive intermediate element, and at least a part of a structure of the conductive intermediate element is arranged in the through-opening in the electrical connection structure, and the positive terminal is indirectly electrically connected to the negative terminal via the conductive intermediate element; and the signal sensing unit comprises at least two sensing sections, and the at least two sensing sections are connected to the conductive intermediate element.

[0011] In some embodiments, the conductive intermediate element is further connected to the separator.

[0012] In some embodiments, in the electrical connection structure, the conductive intermediate element is arranged in the through-hole, at least part of a structure of the positive terminal is arranged in the through-hole, has a projection of the positive terminal along the first direction onto a plane in which the separator is arranged, a region α, has a projection of the conductive intermediate element along the first direction onto the plane in which the separator is arranged, a region γ, and the region α at least partially overlaps the region γ.

[0013] In some embodiments, in the electrical connection structure, the conductive intermediate element is arranged in the through-hole, at least a part of a structure of the negative terminal is arranged in the through-hole, has a projection of the negative terminal along the first direction onto a plane in which the separator is arranged, a region β, has a projection of the conductive intermediate element along the first direction onto the plane in which the separator is arranged, a region γ, and the region β overlaps at least partially the region γ.

[0014] In some embodiments, at least part of a structure of the detection section extends into the through-opening along a direction that intersects the first direction.

[0015] In some embodiments, the signal acquisition unit further comprises a cable harness, wherein the cable harness is connected to the acquisition section, the separator is provided with a pass-through recess, the pass-through recess is connected to the through-opening, and the cable harness extends from the through-opening through the pass-through recess to the outside of the separator.

[0016] In some embodiments, the signal acquisition unit further comprises a cable harness, wherein the cable harness is connected to the acquisition section, a cable harness opening is embedded in the separator, the cable harness opening is connected to the through-hole, and the cable harness extends from the through-hole through the cable harness opening to the outside of the separator.

[0017] In some embodiments, the signal acquisition unit further comprises a cable harness, wherein the cable harness is connected to the acquisition section, a cable harness groove is provided in the separator, the cable harness groove is connected to the through-hole, and the cable harness extends from the through-hole through the cable harness groove to the outside of the separator.

[0018] In some embodiments, the battery cell in the same battery cell comprises two first side walls arranged away from each other in the first direction, and two second side structure walls arranged away from each other in a second direction, the second direction intersecting the first direction; each of the first side structure walls has an area larger than each of the second side structure walls; and the positive terminal is arranged on one of the first side structure walls and the negative terminal is arranged on the other of the first side structure walls.

[0019] In some embodiments, in the same battery cell, a projection of the positive terminal onto the first side structure wall along the first direction has a first region, a projection of the negative terminal onto the first side structure wall along the first direction has a second region, and the first region does not overlap with the second region.

[0020] In some embodiments, the battery cell further comprises a pressure relief valve, and in the same battery cell, the positive terminal, the negative terminal and the pressure relief valve are arranged on different structural walls of the battery cell.

[0021] In some embodiments, a separator material comprises an electrically insulating material and / or a thermally insulating material.

[0022] In some embodiments, the separator is provided with a flow channel for the flow of coolant.

[0023] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide an energy storage device, wherein the energy storage device comprises the battery pack described above. Due to the relatively high energy density of the battery pack, the energy storage device consequently also exhibits a relatively high energy density.

[0024] In a third aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide an energy consumption device, wherein the energy consumption device comprises the energy storage device described above. The energy consumption device may be an electric vehicle, a power grid, a household appliance, or the like.

[0025] It is understood that the above general description and the detailed description below are merely exemplary and illustrative and cannot limit the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in embodiments of the present disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments are briefly presented below. It is evident that the accompanying drawings in the following description represent only some embodiments of the present disclosure and that other drawings can be derived from the provided drawings by persons skilled in the art without any creative effort. Fig. Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the structure of a battery unit, a cable harness insulating plate, a busbar and a signal acquisition line contained in a prior art battery pack; Fig. Figure 2 is a three-dimensional view of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. Figure 3 is a three-dimensional view of a battery cell in Fig. 2 from a different three-dimensional perspective; Fig. 4 is a side view of a battery cell in Fig. 2 from a side perspective; Fig. Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a structure in which four battery cells are electrically connected in series according to some embodiments; Fig. Figure 6 is a schematic representation of an alternating arrangement of four battery cells and three separators according to some embodiments; Fig. Figure 7 is a schematic representation of a cross-sectional structure of a first battery cell, a second battery cell and a separator; Fig. Figure 8 is a partially schematic enlarged view of Part A in Fig. 7; Fig. Figure 9 is a schematic representation of the construction of a negative terminal and a terminal mounting ring from a three-dimensional perspective; Fig. Figure 10 is a schematic representation of a cross-sectional structure of the second battery cell, a third battery cell and the separator; Fig. Figure 11 is a partially schematic enlarged view of Part B in Fig. 10; Fig. Figure 12 is a schematic representation of a cross-sectional structure of a positive connection and the connection fastening ring from a three-dimensional perspective; Fig. Figure 13 is a schematic representation of an alternative structure to the structure in Fig. 11; Fig. Figure 14 is a schematic representation of a partial assembly of a separator, a signal acquisition unit and a negative terminal; Fig. Figure 15 is a schematic representation of a partial assembly of a separator, a signal acquisition unit and a negative terminal from a cross-sectional perspective; Fig. Figure 16 is another schematic representation of a cross-sectional structure of a first battery cell, a second battery cell and a separator according to some embodiments; Fig. Figure 17 is a partially schematic enlarged view of Part C in Fig. 16; Fig. Figure 18 is a schematic representation of a partial assembly of a separator, a signal acquisition unit and a conductive intermediate element; Fig. Figure 19 is a schematic representation of a partial structure of a separator and a signal acquisition unit from a cross-sectional perspective; Fig. Figure 20 is a schematic representation of the distribution of a projection of the positive terminal and the negative terminal onto a first side structure wall; Fig. Figure 21 is a schematic representation of the position of a section of a cable harness located outside a separator, relative to the separator; Fig. Figure 22 is a schematic structural representation of two columns of battery cells from a three-dimensional perspective; Fig. Figure 23 is another schematic structural representation of a separator according to some embodiments; Fig. Figure 24 is another schematic structural representation of a signal acquisition unit according to some embodiments; Fig. Figure 25 is another schematic structural representation of a signal acquisition unit according to some embodiments; Fig. Figure 26 is a schematic representation showing that a plurality of battery cells connected in series are arranged along a horizontal direction in a battery pack housing; and Fig. Figure 27 is a schematic representation showing that a plurality of battery cells connected in series are arranged along a vertical direction in a battery pack.

[0027] Reference symbols: 10: Battery unit; 10a: Terminal; 20: Busbar; 30: Cable harness insulating plate; 40: Signal detection line; 1: Battery cell; 101: First column of battery cells; 102: Second column of battery cells; 1a: First battery cell; 1b: Second battery cell; 1c: Third battery cell; 1d: Fourth battery cell; 11: Positive terminal; 111: Positive terminal receptacle; 112: Positive terminal end face; 113: Positive terminal side face; TY1: First area; 12: Negative terminal; 121: Negative terminal receptacle; 122: Negative terminal end face; 123: Negative terminal side face; TY2: Second area; 13: Housing; 131: Top wall; 132: Bottom wall; 133: Side structure wall; 1331: first side structure wall; 1332: second side structure wall; 14: connecting mounting ring; 2: separator; 2a: first separation section; 2b: second separation section; 21: passage opening; 22: passage recess;23: Cable harness opening; 3: Signal acquisition unit; 3a: First group of signal acquisition units; 3b: Second group of signal acquisition units; 31: Acquisition section; 32: Cable harness; 321: Main cable harness; 322: Branch cable harness; 4: Conductive intermediate element; DL: Electrical connection structure; 50: Housing.; DESCRIPTION OF THE EXECUTION FORMS

[0028] To better understand the technical solutions of this disclosure, some embodiments of this disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be clear that the described embodiments represent only a part and not all embodiments of this disclosure. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by persons skilled in the art without creative effort fall within the scope of protection of this disclosure. The terms used in the embodiments of this disclosure serve only to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.As used in the embodiments of the present disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms of "a / an", "named / mentioned", and "the" are intended to include plural forms unless other meanings are clearly indicated in the context. It is understood that the term "and / or" here merely describes an associative relationship, denoting associated objects, and that three relationships are possible. For example, A and / or B can mean that there are three cases: A alone, A and B together, and B alone. Furthermore, the sign " / " here generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0029] In the drawings, direction X, direction Y and direction Z are perpendicular to each other, where direction Z can represent a direction from an upper structural wall of a battery cell to a lower structural wall of the battery cell.

[0030] With reference to Fig. In the prior art, a plurality of battery units 10 are arranged along direction X. Each battery unit 10 includes a terminal 10a (e.g., a positive terminal and a negative terminal) located on its upper side. A CCS is further arranged above the battery units 10. The CCS is also referred to as an integrated wiring harness element or busbar assembly. The CCS comprises busbars 20, a wiring harness insulating plate 30, and signal detection lines 40. The battery unit 10 is located below the wiring harness insulating plate 30. The busbar 20 is mounted above the wiring harness insulating plate 30. The busbar 20 is welded to the terminal 10a and electrically connected.For example, the positive terminal of a first battery unit 10 can be electrically connected to the negative terminal of a second battery unit 10 via a first busbar 20, the positive terminal of a second battery unit 10 can be electrically connected to the negative terminal of a third battery unit 10 via a second busbar 20, and so on. The majority of the battery units 10 can be electrically connected in series via the busbars 20. The signal sensing line 40 is also mounted above the insulating plate 30 of the wiring harness, and a sensing section of the signal sensing line 40 is located on the busbar 20. The signal sensing line 40 can be configured to sensing signals such as a temperature signal, a voltage signal, and a current signal.

[0031] In the prior art, the CCS occupies more space above the battery unit in the battery pack due to its fixed volume, which limits the total volume of all battery units that can be accommodated in the battery pack. Therefore, the energy density of the battery pack is relatively low in the prior art.

[0032] With regard to the aforementioned technical problems, the present disclosure provides several embodiments of the battery pack. The battery pack comprises a signal acquisition unit, a separator, and at least two battery cells.

[0033] With reference to Fig. 2 to Fig. 4. Battery cell 1 comprises a positive terminal 11 and a negative terminal 12, which are arranged in a first direction away from each other. The first direction is parallel to direction X, and the first direction described below is also parallel to direction X.

[0034] Referring to Fig. In section 5, at least two battery cells 1 are distributed along the first direction and electrically connected in series. In the two electrically connected battery cells 1, the positive terminal 11 of one battery cell 1 and the negative terminal of the other battery cell 1 can be electrically connected and opposite each other.

[0035] Referring to Fig. 5. The battery pack can comprise a first battery cell 1a, a second battery cell 1b, a third battery cell 1c, and a fourth battery cell 1d. The negative terminal 12 of the first battery cell 1a and the positive terminal 11 of the second battery cell 1b can be electrically connected and opposite each other, the negative terminal 12 of the second battery cell 1b and the positive terminal 11 of the third battery cell 1c can be electrically connected and opposite each other, and the negative terminal 12 of the third battery cell 1c and the positive terminal 11 of the fourth battery cell 1d can be electrically connected and opposite each other.

[0036] In some embodiments, the battery pack can alternatively comprise a different number of battery cells connected electrically in series.

[0037] With reference to Fig. 6 are housings of at least two battery cells 1, which are distributed along the first direction, separated from each other by separators 2.

[0038] Referring to Fig. 6. The battery pack can comprise the first battery cell 1a, the second battery cell 1b, the third battery cell 1c, the fourth battery cell 1d, and three separators 2. The casing of the first battery cell 1a and the casing of the second battery cell 1b are separated from each other by a separator 2, the casing of the second battery cell 1b and the casing of the third battery cell 1c are separated from each other by a separator 2, and the casing of the third battery cell 1c and the casing of the fourth battery cell 1d are separated from each other by a separator 2.

[0039] In some embodiments, the battery pack may alternatively include a different number of battery cells and a different number of separators.

[0040] In some embodiments, the separator may be provided with a through-opening, wherein the through-opening can penetrate the separator along the first direction and an electrical connection structure, comprising the positive terminal and the negative terminal, which are electrically connected to each other, can pass through the through-opening. With reference to Fig. 7 The separator 2 is arranged between the first battery cell 1a and the second battery cell 1b, with the first battery cell 1a and the second battery cell 1b being arranged adjacent to each other for the example of the separation. With reference to Fig. 8 the separator 2 is provided with a through-opening 21, and an electrical connection structure DL, comprising the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12, which are electrically connected to each other, passes through the through-opening 21.

[0041] In some embodiments, the signal acquisition unit comprises a sensing section, wherein the sensing section is connected to the electrical connection structure DL and the sensing section can be configured to acquire a temperature signal, a current signal and a voltage signal of the electrical connection structure DL.

[0042] As can be seen from the above content of the battery pack provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure, in a battery pack housing the electrical connection structure, which includes the positive terminal and the negative terminal, does not occupy any space above the battery cell, the sensing section of the signal sensing unit also does not occupy any space above the battery cell, and it is not necessary to arrange a cable harness insulating plate above the battery cell, so that the space above the battery cell may be unoccupied or less occupied.Provided that battery packs with identical dimensional specifications are used, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, compared to the prior art where the space above the battery cell is occupied by non-battery structural elements, which limits the overall volume of the battery cells, the space above the battery cell is saved, the battery cell can be designed with a relatively large dimension in the vertical direction, the battery cell can be designed with a relatively large overall volume, and the battery cell can store more electrical energy. Therefore, the battery pack provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure can have the advantage of a relatively high energy density.

[0043] Generally, a gap is required between two adjacent battery cells. This gap can have the following effects: It can provide insulation to reduce the possibility of electrical breakdown between the casings of the two adjacent battery cells. It can also provide thermal insulation to reduce the possibility of direct heat conduction between the casings of the two adjacent battery cells. Since the battery cell can expand after charging, the gap can also provide space for deformation.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the space between the two adjacent battery cells is further used to arrange the electrical connection structure, including the positive and negative terminals. The electrical connection structure at the space may not increase the occupied space along the first direction, thereby saving space above the battery cell, or even if the electrical connection structure arranged at the space does increase the occupied space along the first direction, the volume of the increased occupied space in the first direction is less than the volume of space saved above the battery cell. Therefore, the battery pack provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure can still have the advantage of a relatively high energy density.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the distance between the two adjacent battery cells can alternatively be configured to accommodate the separator. The separator is provided with a through-hole, and this through-hole is penetrated by the electrical connection structure, including the positive and negative terminals. Therefore, this arrangement has the advantage of a more compact structure, allowing the battery cell to be designed with a relatively larger volume and the battery pack to have a relatively high energy density.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the separator 2 can be made of an electrically insulating material. The separator 2 can have an insulating effect between the casings of the two adjacent battery cells, thereby reducing the possibility of electrical breakdown between the casings of the two adjacent battery cells.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the separator 2 may be made of a thermally insulating material in order to reduce the possibility of direct heat conduction between the casings of the two adjacent battery cells and thereby reduce the possibility of battery cell explosion.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the separator 2 may be provided with a flow channel for the flow of coolant (not shown). The coolant can flow along the flow channel and absorb heat from parts between the casings of the two adjacent, opposing battery cells, in order to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the parts between the casings of the two adjacent, opposing battery cells.

[0049] The flow channel can be recessed into or embedded in separator 2.

[0050] In some embodiments, with reference to Fig. 8. In the electrical connection structure DL, the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12 can be directly electrically connected, and both the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12 are located in the through-opening 21. This arrangement can result in a more compact structure between the electrical connection structure DL and the separator 2, which occupies less space in the battery pack.

[0051] The arrangement in which the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12 are directly electrically connected also results in a relatively low electrical resistance between the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12. During current transmission, the heat generated between the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12 is relatively low, i.e., there are advantages of high current transmission efficiency and low energy loss.

[0052] In some embodiments (not shown), part of the positive terminal structure may be arranged inside the through-hole, while the other part of the positive terminal structure may be arranged outside the through-hole.

[0053] In some embodiments (not shown), part of the negative terminal structure may be arranged inside the through-hole, while the other part of the negative terminal structure may be arranged outside the through-hole.

[0054] In some embodiments, the same electrical connection structure can be used, with reference to Fig. 9, the negative terminal 12 is provided with a receiving recess of the negative terminal 121, wherein at least part of a structure of the sensing section (not shown) can be arranged in the receiving recess of the negative terminal 121, and the sensing section can be clamped by the positive terminal (not shown) and the negative terminal 12 in the same electrical connection structure. As can be seen from the foregoing, this arrangement has the advantage of a more compact structure that takes up less space in the battery pack. With reference to Fig. In section 10, the second battery cell 1b and the third battery cell 1c, which are adjacent, are taken as an example. Referring to Fig. 11 the detection section 31 is clamped between the negative terminal 12 of the second battery cell 1b and the positive terminal 11 of the third battery cell 1c, and at least part of the structure of the detection section 31 can be arranged in the negative receiving recess of the negative terminal 12.

[0055] Referring to Fig. 9, when the negative terminal 12 is provided with the receiving recess 121, the receiving recess 121 is set back from a negative terminal end face 122 of the negative terminal 12 and extends to a negative terminal side face 123 of the negative terminal 12. This arrangement facilitates the insertion or removal of the sensing section 31 into or out of the receiving recess 121 of the negative terminal along a direction perpendicular to the first direction. During maintenance, the two electrically connected battery cells do not need to be disassembled, resulting in relatively low maintenance requirements.

[0056] The end face 122 of the negative terminal can be parallel to the Y direction and the Z direction, and the end face 122 of the negative terminal can be perpendicular to the X direction. The side face 123 of the negative terminal can intersect the Y direction and the Z direction, and the side face 123 of the negative terminal can be parallel to the X direction.

[0057] Furthermore, the end face 122 of the negative terminal is configured to abut and be electrically connected to a positive terminal end face of the positive terminal.

[0058] In some embodiments (not shown), the receiving recess of the negative terminal may only be recessed in the negative terminal side surface.

[0059] In some embodiments, the same electrical connection structure can be used with reference to Fig. 12 the positive terminal 11 is provided with a receiving recess 111 of the positive terminal, and at least part of the structure of the detection section (not shown) can be arranged in the receiving recess 111 of the positive terminal. With reference to Fig. 13 The detection section 13, which is located in the receiving recess of the positive terminal (not shown), can be clamped on two sides by the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12.

[0060] Referring to Fig. 12, when the positive terminal 11 is provided with the positive terminal receiving recess 111, the positive terminal receiving recess 111 is recessed in a positive terminal end face 112 of the positive terminal 11 and extends to a positive terminal side face 113 of the positive terminal 11. This arrangement facilitates the insertion or removal of the sensing section 31 into or out of the receiving recess 111 of the positive terminal along a direction perpendicular to the first direction. During maintenance, the two electrically connected battery cells do not need to be disassembled, resulting in relatively low maintenance requirements.

[0061] The end face 112 of the positive terminal can be parallel to the Y direction and the Z direction, and the end face 112 of the positive terminal can be perpendicular to the X direction. The side face 113 of the positive terminal can intersect the Y direction and the Z direction, and the side face 113 of the positive terminal can be parallel to the X direction.

[0062] Furthermore, the positive terminal end face 112 is configured to be adjacent to and electrically connected with the negative terminal end face of the negative terminal.

[0063] In some embodiments (not shown), the receiving recess of the positive terminal can only be recessed in the positive terminal side surface of the positive terminal.

[0064] In some embodiments (not shown), in the same electrical connection structure, the negative terminal is provided with a receiving recess for receiving the negative terminal, the positive terminal is also provided with a receiving recess for receiving the positive terminal, part of the structure of the sensing section can be arranged in the receiving recess for the negative terminal, the other part of the structure of the sensing section can be arranged in the receiving recess for the positive terminal, and the sensing section is clamped by the positive terminal and the negative terminal on two sides.

[0065] In some embodiments, the positive and negative terminals exert a clamping force on both sides of the sensing section, as the sensing section is clamped on two sides by the positive and negative terminals. Even if the sensing section exhibits a tendency to move relative to the positive and negative terminals, a static frictional force between the sensing section and the positive terminal, and a static frictional force between the sensing section and the negative terminal, can also prevent the sensing section from detaching from the positive and negative terminals. Therefore, the connection between the sensing section and the positive terminal, as well as the connection between the sensing section and the negative terminal, cannot be made by welding.Since no welding is used, this is convenient for quick disassembly and assembly during maintenance.

[0066] In some embodiments, a surface of the sensing section may have a matte finish to increase the static frictional force between the sensing section and the positive terminal, as well as the static frictional force between the sensing section and the negative terminal.

[0067] In some embodiments, the connection between the sensing section and the positive terminal, the connection between the sensing section and the negative terminal, and the connection between the positive terminal and the negative terminal can alternatively be made using conductive adhesive to further improve the connection reliability and also to further improve the conductivity between the positive terminal and the negative terminal.

[0068] In some embodiments, the connection between the sensing section and the positive terminal, as well as the connection between the sensing section and the negative terminal, can alternatively be made by welding.

[0069] In some embodiments (not shown), the sensing section cannot be clamped by the positive and negative terminals. For example, the structure of the sensing section comprises an annular structure, the annular structure being provided with a through-hole that can be penetrated by the positive or negative terminal, and the sensing section can be connected to the positive terminal side face of the positive terminal or the negative terminal side face of the negative terminal. Furthermore, the sensing section can be connected to the positive terminal side face or the negative terminal side face using a conductive adhesive.

[0070] In some embodiments (not shown), the sensing section may not be clamped by the positive and negative terminals. For example, the structure of the sensing section may comprise a sheet structure, and the sheet structure may be attached to the positive terminal side face or the negative terminal side face. Furthermore, the sensing section may be bonded to the positive terminal side face or the negative terminal side face using a conductive adhesive.

[0071] In some embodiments, with reference to Fig. 9. The battery cell can include a terminal retaining ring 14, wherein the battery cell housing is provided with a mounting hole (not shown), the terminal retaining ring 14 is fitted in the mounting hole, the terminal retaining ring 14 is provided with a through-hole (not shown), the negative terminal 12 passes through the through-hole of the terminal retaining ring 14, the terminal retaining ring 14 surrounds the negative terminal 12, and the negative terminal 12 is secured to the battery cell housing via the terminal retaining ring 14. The terminal retaining ring 14 also has insulating properties to prevent electrical conduction between the battery cell housing and the negative terminal 12. Similarly, with reference to Fig. 12 the positive terminal 11 is also attached to the housing of the battery cell via the corresponding terminal mounting ring 14.

[0072] As can be seen from the above, at least part of the structure of the detection section can extend into the opening in a direction that intersects the first direction. This arrangement offers the advantage of a more compact structure. The following description is primarily based on an example where "the entire structure of the detection section can be arranged within the opening."

[0073] In some embodiments, the signal acquisition unit 3 comprises, with reference to Fig. 14 further a cable harness 32, wherein the cable harness 32 is connected to the detection section 31, and a signal detected by the detection section 31 can be transmitted via the cable harness 32 to a battery management unit (BMU).

[0074] With reference to Fig. 14. The separator 2 can be provided with a through-hole 22, wherein the through-hole 22 is connected to the through-opening 21, and the cable harness 32 can extend from the through-opening 21 through the through-hole 22 to the outside of the separator 2, thereby connecting the cable harness 32 to the BMU. With this arrangement, the structure between the signal acquisition unit 3 and the separator 2 is more compact.

[0075] The direction of extension of the passage recess 22 can be perpendicular to the first direction. For example, the direction of extension of the passage recess 22 can be direction Z or direction Y.

[0076] Furthermore, the width of the passage opening 22 can be equal to the outer diameter of the cable harness 32, so that one side wall of the passage opening 22 can confine the cable harness 32. Alternatively, the width of the passage opening 22 can be 0.1 mm to 1 mm smaller than the outer diameter of the cable harness 32, so that the side wall of the passage opening 22 can exert a clamping effect on the cable harness 32, thus achieving a better confinement effect. Alternatively, the width of the passage opening 22 can be 0.1 mm to 1 mm larger than the outer diameter of the cable harness 32, which can also result in the side wall of the passage opening 22 exerting a confining effect on the cable harness 32. Of course, the cable harness 32 can also alternatively be confined on two sides by the battery cell housings.

[0077] Furthermore, the side wall of the passage recess 22 can be connected to the cable harness 32, so that the cable harness 32 is reliably confined in the passage recess 22, thereby reducing the possibility of transmission of external vibrations through the cable harness 32 to the sensing section 31, thus enabling the sensing section 31 to be reliably connected to the electrical connection structure including the positive terminal and the negative terminal.

[0078] Furthermore, the side wall of the passage recess 22 can be provided with a buckle (not shown), wherein the buckle has an L-shaped, a C-shaped, or a U-shaped structure, and the cable harness 32 can be snapped into the buckle, thereby reducing the possibility of the transmission of external vibrations via the cable harness 32 to the sensing section 31, thus reliably connecting the sensing section 31 to the electrical connection structure, which includes the positive and negative terminals.

[0079] In some embodiments, with reference to Fig. 15 A cable harness opening 23 is provided in the separator 2, wherein the cable harness opening 23 is connected to the through-opening 21 and the cable harness 32 can extend from the through-opening 21 through the cable harness opening 23 to the outside of the separator 2, so that the cable harness 32 is connected to the BMU. With this arrangement, the structure between the signal acquisition unit 3 and the separator 2 is more compact.

[0080] The direction of extension of the cable harness opening 23 can be perpendicular to the first direction. For example, the direction of extension of the cable harness opening 23 can be direction Z or direction Y.

[0081] Furthermore, the cable harness opening 23 can have a good limiting effect on the cable harness 32, thereby reducing the possibility of the transmission of external vibrations through the cable harness 32 to the sensing section 31, thus enabling the sensing section 31 to be reliably connected to the electrical connection structure including the positive terminal and the negative terminal.

[0082] In some embodiments (not shown) a cable harness groove may be incorporated into the separator, wherein the cable harness groove is connected to the through-opening and the cable harness may extend from the through-opening through the cable harness groove to the outside of the separator.

[0083] In some embodiments, the positive and negative terminals may not be directly electrically connected within the same electrical connection structure. For example, in Fig. 16 first battery cell 1a and second battery cell 1b shown, which are arranged adjacently, with reference to Fig. 17 The electrical connection structure DL can further comprise a conductive intermediate element 4, wherein at least a part of a structure of the conductive intermediate element 4 is arranged in the through-opening 21 and the positive terminal 11 is indirectly electrically connected to the negative terminal 12 via the conductive intermediate element 4. With reference to Fig. 18. An identical signal acquisition unit 3 can comprise at least two acquisition sections 31, and the at least two acquisition sections 31 are connected to the conductive intermediate element 4. With this arrangement, the conductive intermediate element 4 can provide a mounting section with a relatively large area, so that the at least two acquisition sections 31 can simultaneously acquire a signal from the electrical connection structure DL.

[0084] With reference to Fig. 18 The signal acquisition unit 3 can comprise three acquisition sections 31. One acquisition section 31 can acquire a temperature signal, another acquisition section 31 can acquire a current signal, and another acquisition section 31 can acquire a voltage signal.

[0085] The detection section 31 and the conductive intermediate element 4 can be joined by welding or by using a conductive adhesive.

[0086] Referring to Fig. 18. A projection of the positive terminal (not shown) on one side of the conductive intermediate element 4 along the first direction onto a plane on which the separator 2 is arranged can have a region α, a projection of the conductive intermediate element 4 along the first direction onto the plane on which the separator 2 is arranged can have a region γ, and the region α and the region γ can overlap at least partially. Referring to Fig. 18. A projection of the negative terminal (not shown) on the other side of the conductive intermediate element 4 along the first direction onto a plane on which the separator 2 is arranged can have a region β, a projection of the conductive intermediate element 4 along the first direction onto the plane on which the separator 2 is arranged can have a region γ, and the regions β and γ can overlap at least partially. Note that the plane on which the separator 2 is arranged denotes an infinitely expansive surface placed on the separator 2 and parallel to the Y and Z directions.

[0087] The positive terminal and the conductive intermediate element can be in contact with each other, welded together, or joined using a conductive adhesive. Similarly, the negative terminal and the conductive intermediate element can be in contact with each other, welded together, or joined using a conductive adhesive.

[0088] In some embodiments, which relate to Fig. 17 to Fig. 18, the circumferential edges of the conductive intermediate element 4 can be firmly connected to a perforated wall of the through-opening 21 (for example by press fit or gluing), so that the conductive intermediate element 4 is fixed relative to the separator 2.

[0089] In some embodiments (not shown) the circumferential edges of the conductive intermediate element 4 can be embedded in the separator.

[0090] In some embodiments, the conductive intermediate element and the separator may not be connected to each other, and the conductive intermediate element can be clamped and fixed on two sides by the positive terminal and the negative terminal.

[0091] In some embodiments, with reference to Fig. 17, the conductive intermediate element 4 cannot completely occupy the entire space of the through-opening 21. In addition to the conductive intermediate element 4, which is arranged in the through-opening 21, at least part of the structure of the positive terminal can be arranged in the through-opening 21, and at least part of the structure of the negative terminal can also be arranged in the through-opening 21.

[0092] In some embodiments (not shown) the conductive intermediate element can be arranged in the through-hole, while at least one of the positive and negative terminals is not arranged in the through-hole.

[0093] In some embodiments, the conductive intermediate element 4 may have a sheet structure, and the conductive intermediate element 4 may be made of a conductive metal, for example, at least one of silver, copper, and aluminum.

[0094] In some embodiments, with reference to Fig. 19, at least part of the structure of the detection section 31 can extend into the passage opening 21 along a direction that intersects the first direction.

[0095] In some embodiments (not shown), the sensing section may alternatively be located outside the through-hole. For example, part of the electrical connection structure passing through the through-hole may be located outside the through-hole, and the sensing section may be connected to a section located within the electrical connection structure and outside the through-hole.

[0096] In some embodiments, with reference to Fig. 19, the separator 2 can be provided with a cable harness opening 23, wherein the cable harness opening 23 is connected to the through-hole 21 and the cable harness 32 of the signal acquisition unit 3 can extend from the through-hole 21 through the cable harness opening 23 to the outside of the separator 2.

[0097] In some embodiments, which relate to Fig. 2 to Fig. Referring to section 3, in the same battery cell 1, both the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12 can be located on a side structural wall 133 of the housing 13 of the battery cell 1, instead of on a top wall 131 of the housing 13 of the battery cell 1, while a pressure relief valve (not shown) of the battery cell 1 can be located on the top wall 131. If the internal pressure of the battery cell increases and the pressure relief valve expels gas or even electrolyte, it is unlikely that the expelled gas or electrolyte will damage the positive terminal or the negative terminal of an adjacent battery cell.If the positive terminal or the negative terminal is located in the through-hole of the separator, the separator can have a protective effect, and then it is even less likely that the ejected gas or electrolyte will damage the positive terminal or the negative terminal of the adjacent battery cell.

[0098] In some embodiments, the pressure relief valve can alternatively be arranged on a lower structural wall 132 of the housing 13 of the battery cell 1, provided that a space is reserved below the lower structural wall 132 in the battery pack for the pressure relief valve to expel gas or electrolyte.

[0099] In some embodiments, with reference to Fig. 2 to Fig. 3. The side structure wall 133 of the housing 13 of the battery cell 1 can comprise two first side structure walls 1331, arranged away from each other in the first direction (e.g., a direction parallel to direction X), and two second side structure walls 1332, arranged away from each other in a second direction (e.g., a direction parallel to direction Y). The positive terminal 11 is arranged on one first side structure wall 1331, the negative terminal 12 is arranged on the other first side structure wall 1331, and the pressure relief valve (not shown) can be arranged on one of the second side structure walls 1332.

[0100] In summary, it is sufficient for the positive terminal, the negative terminal and the pressure relief valve to be located on different structural walls of the battery cell.

[0101] In some embodiments, which relate to Fig. 2 to Fig. Referring to section 3, the battery cell 1 in the same battery cell 1 comprises two first side structure walls 1331, which are arranged away from each other in the first direction (e.g., a direction parallel to direction X), and two second side structure walls 1332, which are arranged away from each other in the second direction (e.g., a direction parallel to direction Y). The first direction and the second direction can be perpendicular to each other, and the area of ​​one of the first side structure walls 1331 is larger than that of one of the second side structure walls 1332.

[0102] In some embodiments, the first direction (parallel to direction X) and the second direction (not parallel to direction Y) may not be perpendicular to each other.

[0103] The positive terminal 11 is located on one first side structure wall 1331, and the negative terminal 12 is located on the other first side structure wall 1331. In this arrangement, the heat dissipation area of ​​the first side structure wall 1331 is relatively large when the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12 generate heat, which promotes rapid heat dissipation.

[0104] In some embodiments, which relate to Fig. Referring to 4, in the same battery cell 1, a projection of the positive terminal 11 onto the first side structure wall 1331 along the first direction and a projection of the negative terminal 12 onto the first side structure wall 1331 along the first direction do not overlap. Fig. 20 has in the same battery cell a projection of the positive terminal onto the first side structure wall 1331 along the first direction a first area TY1, a projection of the negative terminal onto the first side structure wall 1331 along the first direction has a second area TY2, and the first area TY1 and the second area TY2 do not overlap.Even if the positive and negative terminals generate heat, a relatively large distance between the positive and negative terminals, for example, a distance between the positive and negative terminals that is greater than a width dimension of the battery cell in the first direction X, is therefore conducive to rapid heat dissipation from the positive and negative terminals and a relatively uniform heat distribution within the battery cell, thereby reducing the possibility of thermal runaway within the battery cell.

[0105] Referring to Fig. 20 is in the same battery cell a projection of a line connecting the positive terminal and the negative terminal along the first direction to the first side structure wall 1331, a projection line J, and the projection line J can be a diagonal of the first side structure wall 1331, or a projection line J can be parallel to the diagonal of the first side structure wall 1331, or an angle between the projection line J and the diagonal of the first side structure wall 1331 can be in a range of 0° to 10°.

[0106] In some embodiments, the projection of the positive terminal onto the first side structure wall along the first direction and the projection of the negative terminal onto the first side structure wall along the first direction can alternately overlap in the same battery cell.

[0107] In some embodiments, with reference to Fig. 21 a section of the cable harness 32, which is located outside the separator 2, may be arranged at some edges around the separator 2.

[0108] In some embodiments, with reference to Fig. 21, the section of the cable harness 32 located outside the separator 2 may be attached at some edges around the separator 2.

[0109] In some embodiments, the top of the separator 2 may be lower than the top of the battery cell, and a section of the wiring harness 32, which is located on the top of the separator 2, may still be located in the space between two battery cells, thus achieving the advantage of a more compact structure.

[0110] In some embodiments, the battery pack comprises at least two columns of battery cells. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 22, the battery pack can comprise a first column of battery cells 101 and a second column of battery cells 102, and the first column of battery cells 101 and the second column of battery cells 102 each comprise at least two battery cells 1 connected electrically in series. The first column of battery cells 101 and the second column of battery cells 102 can be connected electrically in series or electrically in parallel.

[0111] With reference to Fig. 23 The separator 2 can comprise a first separating section 2a and a second separating section 2b, which are connected to each other. Two sides of the second separating section 2b in the Y direction are both connected to at least two first separating sections 2a, which are spaced apart from each other in the X direction. The first separating section 2a is configured to separate two adjacent battery cells in the same battery cell stack. The first separating section 2a is provided with a through-opening (not shown) through which the electrical connection structure (including the positive and negative terminals) can pass. The installation position of the through-opening in the first separating section 2a is adapted to the position of a terminal (the positive and negative terminals) of the battery cell being adapted.One side of the second separating section 2b is designed to accommodate the first column of battery cells, and the other side of the second separating section 2b is designed to accommodate the second column of battery cells. That is, the second separating section 2b is configured to separate the two columns of battery cells.

[0112] In some embodiments, a section of the cable harness located outside the separator 2 can be arranged on a portion of the circumferential edges of the first separating section 2a and a portion of the circumferential edges of the second separating section 2b. Alternatively, a section of the cable harness embedded in the separator 2 can be embedded in the first separating section 2a and / or the second separating section 2b. In other words, the Fig. Separator 2 shown in section 23 serves as a mounting bracket for the cable harness.

[0113] In some embodiments, the separator 2 can mainly divide the first separation section 2a into Fig. comprise 23 and do not have a second dividing section 2b.

[0114] With reference to Fig. 24 The signal acquisition unit 3 can comprise a first group of signal acquisition units 3a and a second group of signal acquisition units 3b. The first group of signal acquisition units 3a can comprise a cable harness 32. The cable harness 32 can comprise a main cable harness 321 and at least two branch cable harnesses 322. The main cable harness 321 is connected to the BMU. The branch cable harnesses 322 serve as branches of the main cable harness 321. Each branch cable harness 322 is connected to the acquisition section 31. The branch cable harnesses 322 and the corresponding acquisition sections 31 can be provided on two sides of the main cable harness 321 in the Y direction. The structural arrangement of the second group of signal acquisition units 3b is similar to that of the first group of signal acquisition units 3a. Details are not described again here. The in Fig. The signal acquisition unit 3 shown in 24 can be configured to detect signals from both in Fig. 22 columns of battery cells were recorded.

[0115] If, during use, the same battery cell has a positive terminal and a negative terminal that are offset in the vertical direction (one direction parallel to direction Z), i.e., the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the same battery cell are not at the same height, the first group of signal acquisition units 3a, which are in Fig. 24 is shown to be configured to capture signals from the terminals at the higher position, while the second group of signal capture units 3b, which are shown in Fig. As shown in 24, it can be configured to detect signals from the ports at the lower position.

[0116] Depending on the number of different battery cells, the number of branch cable harnesses 322 and the number of detection sections 31 also differ. Fig. 24.

[0117] The in Fig. Cable harness 322 shown in section 24 can be connected to the first separation section 2a in Fig. 23 will be attached, which is in Fig. The main cable harness 321 shown in section 24 can be connected to the second separation section 2b in Fig. 23. Specific fastening methods have been described above. Details will not be repeated here.

[0118] In some embodiments, with reference to Fig. 25, the cable harness 32 of the signal acquisition unit 3 can comprise a main cable harness 321 and interconnected branch cable harnesses 322. Each branch cable harness 322 can be connected to the acquisition section 31. The in Fig. The signal acquisition unit 3 shown in Figure 25 can alternatively be configured to acquire signals from two columns of battery cells. If, during operation, the same battery cell has a positive terminal and a negative terminal that are not offset in the vertical direction (the direction parallel to direction Z), i.e., if the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the same battery cell are at the same height, the signal acquisition unit 3 shown in Figure 25 can ... Fig. The signal acquisition unit 3 shown in Figure 25 can be used.

[0119] In some embodiments, the battery cell can be a secondary battery (also called a rechargeable battery or storage battery), i.e., a battery that can be recharged after being discharged to activate active materials and be used again.

[0120] In some embodiments, the battery pack comprises the battery cell, the separator, and the signal acquisition unit described above, and the battery pack may further include a battery pack housing. The battery cell, the separator, and the signal acquisition unit are all located within the battery pack housing. The battery pack may further include a battery monitoring unit (BMU) located within the battery pack housing. The BMU is configured to monitor the voltage, current, and temperature of a battery module (including the plurality of electrically connected battery cells described above). The BMU is further configured to control the voltage and current of the battery module. The BMU is further configured for self-diagnostics and fault logging. The battery pack may further include a frame assembly located within the battery pack housing. The frame assembly is configured to secure the battery module.

[0121] In some embodiments, the electrical connection mainly refers to a connection relationship in which two conductive structural elements or substances can achieve a conductive function through physical contact.

[0122] In some embodiments, with reference to Fig. 26, a plurality of battery cells 1 connected in series, contained in the same column of battery cells, can be arranged along a horizontal direction P (longitudinal or lateral direction) of a battery pack 50. The vertical direction Z of the battery cell 1 is perpendicular to the horizontal direction P of the battery pack housing 50. In other words, the vertical direction Z of the battery cell 1 is parallel to a vertical direction Q of the battery pack housing 50. Alternatively, with reference to Fig.27 The majority of battery cells 1 connected in series, contained in the same column of battery cells, are arranged along the vertical direction Q of the battery pack 50, and the vertical direction Z of battery cell 1 is perpendicular to the vertical direction Q of the battery pack 50. In other words, the vertical direction Z of battery cell 1 runs parallel to the horizontal direction P of the battery pack housing 50.

[0123] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide an energy storage device. The energy storage device comprises an inverter, a battery management system (BMS), and at least one battery pack, as described above.

[0124] The inverter is configured to convert direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC). The inverter offers advantages such as high efficiency, fast start-up, and high safety, and may also include protective functions like short-circuit, overload, overvoltage / undervoltage, and overtemperature protection. The battery management system (BMS) is configured to operate the battery pack within a safe operating range. It can control the charging and discharging power of the battery pack according to factors such as ambient temperature, battery state, and current consumption to improve battery pack safety and ensure a more appropriate operating condition, thereby extending the battery pack's lifespan and operating time. As can be seen from the above, the battery pack may include a battery management unit (BMU).If the energy storage device includes at least two battery packs, the BMS can be connected to at least two BMUSs so that the BMS can control at least two battery packs and the BMS can detect the states of the at least two battery packs.

[0125] The energy storage device can be, for example, an energy storage box (also known as a large energy storage unit, applicable in technical fields such as large-scale industrial production and power distribution). The energy storage box comprises an energy storage box body. The energy storage box body has a housing. The inverter, the BMS, and the battery are all located inside the energy storage box body.

[0126] The energy storage device can be, for example, an energy storage cabinet (also known as an industrial and commercial energy storage unit, applicable to small industrial and commercial power requirements). The energy storage cabinet comprises an energy storage cabinet body. The energy storage cabinet body has a housing. The inverter, the BMS, and the battery pack are all located inside the energy storage cabinet body.

[0127] In a third aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide an energy consumption device. The energy consumption device can also be referred to as an energy-consuming system. The energy consumption device can include the energy storage device described above. The energy consumption device can be an electric vehicle, a power grid, or a household appliance.

[0128] The foregoing statements are merely preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. For those skilled in the art, the present disclosure may be subject to various modifications and variations. All modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, and the like made within the scope of and in accordance with the present disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

[1] A battery pack comprising: at least two battery cells arranged along a first direction and electrically connected in series, wherein the at least two battery cells each have a positive terminal and a negative terminal arranged away from each other in the first direction, and wherein in two battery cells connected in series, the positive terminal of one battery cell and the negative terminal of the other battery cell are electrically connected and opposite each other; a separator arranged between the casings of the two battery cells connected in series, the separator being provided with a through-opening and an electrical connection structure comprising the positive terminal and the negative terminal, which are electrically connected to each other, passing through the through-opening; and a signal acquisition unit comprising a acquisition section, wherein the acquisition section is connected to the electrical connection structure. [2] Battery pack according to claim 1, wherein in the electrical connection structure the positive terminal and the negative terminal are directly electrically connected to each other; and at least a part of the positive terminal is arranged in the through-hole and / or at least a part of the negative terminal is arranged in the through-hole. [3] Battery pack according to claim 2, wherein in the electrical connection structure at least one of the positive terminal and the negative terminal is provided with a receiving recess; and the sensing section is arranged in the receiving recess and is clamped by the positive terminal and the negative terminal. [4] Battery pack according to claim 3, wherein the negative terminal is provided with the receiving recess and the receiving recess is set back from an end face of the negative terminal and extends to a side face of the negative terminal; or the positive terminal is provided with the receiving recess and the receiving recess is set back from an end face of the positive terminal and extends to a side face of the positive terminal. [5] Battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the electrical connection structure further comprises a conductive intermediate element and at least a part of the conductive intermediate element is arranged in the through-opening; In the electrical connection structure, the positive terminal is indirectly electrically connected to the negative terminal via the conductive intermediate element; and the signal acquisition unit comprises at least two acquisition sections and the at least two acquisition sections are connected to the conductive intermediate element. [6] Battery pack according to claim 5, wherein the conductive intermediate element is further connected to the separator. [7] Battery pack according to claim 5, wherein in the electrical connection structure the conductive intermediate element is arranged in the through-hole, at least a part of the positive terminal is arranged in the through-hole, a projection of the positive terminal along the first direction onto a plane of the separator has a region α, a projection of the conductive intermediate element along the first direction onto the plane of the separator has a region γ and the region α overlaps at least partially with the region γ;and / or in the electrical connection structure the conductive intermediate element is arranged in the through-hole, at least a part of the negative terminal is arranged in the through-hole, a projection of the negative terminal along the first direction onto a plane of the separator has a region β, a projection of the conductive intermediate element along the first direction onto the plane of the separator has a region γ, and the region β overlaps at least partially with the region γ. [8] Battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein at least one section of a structure of the detection section extends into the through-opening along a direction that intersects the first direction. [9] Battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the signal acquisition unit further comprises a cable harness and the cable harness is connected to the acquisition section; and the separator is provided with a through-hole, the through-hole being connected to the through-opening and the cable harness extending from the through-opening through the through-hole to outside the separator; or the separator is provided with a cable harness opening, the cable harness opening being connected to the through-opening and the cable harness extending from the through-opening through the cable harness opening to the outside of the separator; or a cable harness groove is provided in the separator, the cable harness groove being connected to the through-opening and the cable harness extending from the through-opening through the cable harness groove to the outside of the separator. [10] Battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein in the same battery cell the battery cell comprises two first side structure walls arranged away from each other in the first direction, and two second side structure walls arranged away from each other in a second direction, and the second direction intersects the first direction; Each of the first two side structure walls has an area larger than that of each of the second two side structure walls; and the positive terminal is located on one of the first two side structure walls and the negative terminal is located on the other of the first two side structure walls. [11] Battery pack according to claim 10, wherein in the same battery cell a projection area of ​​the positive terminal onto a plane of one of the two first side structure walls along a first direction has a first area, a projection of the negative terminal onto the plane of one of the first side structure walls along the first direction has a second area and the first area does not overlap with the second area. [12] Battery pack according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the at least two battery cells each further comprise a pressure relief valve and in the same battery cell the positive terminal, the negative terminal and the pressure relief valve are arranged on different structural walls of the battery cell. [13] Battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein a separator material comprises an electrically insulating material and / or a thermally insulating material. [14] Battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the separator is provided with a flow channel for the flow of coolant. [15] Energy storage device comprising the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 14. [16] Energy consumption device comprising the energy storage device according to claim 15.

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