Speaker enclosure for housing a speaker chassis

Abstract

Loudspeaker housing (1) for receiving at least one loudspeaker chassis with a magnet (4), a loudspeaker basket (6) and a diaphragm (8), with at least one front opening (2) and at least one rear opening (3), wherein the loudspeaker chassis is arranged inside the housing (1) such that a front of the diaphragm (8) is oriented towards the front or rear opening (2, 3) and that a space is provided between the loudspeaker chassis and at least one housing wall (7, 10) opposite the loudspeaker chassis, through which the sound generated by the loudspeaker can exit the housing (1) through the front opening (2) and / or through the rear opening (3).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a loudspeaker enclosure for housing a loudspeaker driver, in particular for woofers or mid-bass loudspeakers, in which the enclosure is designed such that the sound generated by the loudspeaker is directed outwards through openings in the enclosure. The enclosure and the openings are adapted according to the size of the loudspeaker and its Thiele and Small parameters.

[0002] The invention lies in the field of acoustic sound guidance and housing technology for electroacoustic transducers.

[0003] In conventional loudspeaker systems, the speaker driver is typically housed in a closed or semi-closed enclosure. In a closed enclosure, the front and rear sound waves emitted by the diaphragm are separated to prevent cancellation. However, this often leads to cabinet resonances, standing waves, and coloration of the sound, particularly in the bass and mid-bass ranges. Furthermore, the rearward-radiated sound is completely suppressed, resulting in limited spatial imaging.

[0004] Open-baffle loudspeaker enclosures avoid these problems by allowing dipole radiation, where sound is radiated both forwards and backwards. However, such systems often lack a defined waveguide, resulting in uncontrolled front and rear sound emission and unpredictable interference and directional characteristics, as well as a lack of sound pressure or control in the lower bass range.

[0005] The mechanical mounting of the loudspeaker chassis in an open enclosure is also often structurally complex and leads to instabilities or unwanted vibrations.

[0006] Furthermore, the available space behind the loudspeaker usually remains acoustically unused or produces diffuse reflections.

[0007] The invention is therefore based on the objective of providing a loudspeaker housing in which the sound generated by the loudspeaker is directed and emitted in at least one direction.

[0008] The problem is solved by the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments are described in the dependent claims.

[0009] The object of the invention is achieved by providing a loudspeaker housing comprising at least one front opening and at least one rear opening. At least one loudspeaker chassis with a magnet, a loudspeaker basket, and a diaphragm is arranged in the housing, the loudspeaker chassis being positioned such that a front face of the diaphragm is oriented towards the front or rear opening. A space is provided between the loudspeaker chassis and at least one housing wall opposite the loudspeaker chassis, through which the sound waves generated by the loudspeaker can propagate and through which the sound exits the housing via the front opening and / or the rear opening.The spacing between the loudspeaker driver and the cabinet wall creates a defined spatial area within the enclosure that does not act as a closed resonance chamber, but rather allows for controlled sound radiation. This free space forms an acoustically effective area between the loudspeaker diaphragm and the respective cabinet wall, in which the sound waves can propagate unhindered before exiting the enclosure through the openings. This allows for targeted control of the radiation pattern, particularly with regard to uniform and reproducible sound output.

[0010] The loudspeaker driver is mounted within the enclosure in such a way that its spatial position relative to the openings is defined. This mounting can be on a front and / or rear enclosure wall. Regardless of the specific mounting method, it is ensured that the diaphragm points towards the front or rear opening and that the remaining space between the loudspeaker driver and the opposite enclosure wall is available for sound propagation. In this way, precise acoustic coupling between the loudspeaker driver and the enclosure openings is achieved, resulting in defined radiation patterns for the emitted sound.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the front or rear opening of the loudspeaker enclosure is designed as a longitudinal or transverse opening that extends at least the height or width of the loudspeaker chassis. This design connects the area in front of the loudspeaker diaphragm to the ambient air via an elongated outlet. The sound waves generated by the front or rear of the diaphragm can thus exit the enclosure through an enlarged opening area, resulting in a more uniform sound distribution. The opening allows for targeted control of the radiation pattern, particularly with regard to reducing highly directional sound radiation in the lateral direction. This enables a more homogeneous spatial reproduction.The opening can be straight or slightly curved and preferably follows the geometric contour of the front housing surface or the arrangement of the loudspeaker chassis. Its dimensions are chosen so that air passes through without any significant acoustic impairment of the diaphragm movement, while at the same time maintaining the mechanical protection of the front housing wall.

[0012] In another embodiment, several longitudinal or transverse openings are provided in the front wall of the loudspeaker enclosure, which in particular run parallel to one another. The openings can be spaced apart from each other and together form an exit surface for the sound generated by the diaphragm. By dividing the opening into several longitudinal or transverse openings, the sound emission can be distributed more finely, resulting in targeted control of the radiation pattern. At the same time, the mechanical stability of the enclosure wall is increased, since the remaining web areas between the individual openings have a stiffening effect. The entirety of the longitudinal openings exhibits an acoustic effect equivalent to a continuous longitudinal opening, while gaining additional degrees of freedom in the design of the enclosure front.

[0013] In one embodiment, the loudspeaker driver is positioned centrally within the enclosure, ensuring uniform spacing from the side walls. This symmetrical positioning places the driver centrally within the enclosure. The distance to the side walls is essentially the same on all sides, resulting in uniform sound distribution and a symmetrical dispersion pattern. The central placement of the driver also offers mechanical advantages, as the vibrations generated by the diaphragm are transmitted evenly into the enclosure structure. This reduces the occurrence of asymmetrical enclosure vibrations or warping, contributing to improved mechanical stability of the loudspeaker enclosure and low-distortion sound reproduction.

[0014] In another embodiment, the loudspeaker driver is attached to a front and / or rear wall of the enclosure. Attaching the loudspeaker driver to the respective enclosure wall ensures mechanically stable mounting, thus permanently defining the driver's position within the enclosure. Depending on the design, the loudspeaker driver can be attached directly or indirectly to the enclosure wall, employing various mounting methods. By attaching it to the front or rear wall, the vibrations generated by the diaphragm are directed into and distributed within the enclosure structure. This helps to reduce unwanted enclosure resonances and ensures a mechanically stable arrangement of the loudspeaker driver.At the same time, the space provided between the loudspeaker chassis and the opposite housing wall for sound propagation is maintained, so that the acoustic function of the loudspeaker housing is not impaired.

[0015] In another embodiment, the space formed between the loudspeaker chassis and the opposite enclosure wall has a shape that widens towards the rear opening. This geometric shape increases the cross-section of the space towards the outlet, allowing the sound generated by the loudspeaker to exit the enclosure with reduced acoustic resistance. The widening shape of the space acts as an impedance match between the interior of the enclosure and the surrounding air, helping to reduce reflections and standing waves within the enclosure. The widening shape can be continuous or stepped, for example, by means of angled enclosure walls or a correspondingly shaped contour on the inner surfaces of the enclosure.This results in a more even pressure distribution in the free space and promotes largely resonance-free radiation of the sound generated by the loudspeaker.

[0016] In another embodiment, the space formed between the loudspeaker driver and the enclosure wall is filled with sound-absorbing material. This material serves to dampen the sound pressure distribution within the enclosure and to reduce reflections or standing waves in the space. This improves acoustic reproduction, particularly in the low-frequency and mid-bass ranges. The sound-absorbing material can consist, for example, of acoustic foam, fleece, felt, or fibrous insulating material. It is preferably arranged on the inner surfaces of the space, such as on the enclosure wall opposite the diaphragm or along the lateral inner surfaces of the enclosure. The material properties, especially thickness and density, can be selected to achieve frequency-dependent damping without significantly impairing the fundamental sound radiation through the enclosure openings.The rear opening remains acoustically transparent, thus preserving the open character of the sound radiation. This design allows for precise acoustic fine-tuning of the loudspeaker enclosure.

[0017] In another embodiment, the loudspeaker driver or drivers are arranged centered on the central axis of the front or rear opening. The loudspeaker driver is positioned symmetrically relative to the geometric center axis of the front opening, so that the diaphragm is essentially coaxial with this opening. This arrangement ensures uniform sound propagation conditions in the area of ​​the front opening, resulting in a symmetrical radiation pattern of the sound produced by the loudspeaker. Furthermore, the centered arrangement of the loudspeaker driver contributes to mechanically balanced mounting within the enclosure, as the vibrational forces generated by the diaphragm are distributed evenly throughout the enclosure structure.This reduces unwanted diagonal loads or twisting of the speaker chassis, which promotes a permanently stable positioning of the speaker in the housing.

[0018] In another embodiment, the rear opening of the loudspeaker housing is designed as a longitudinal or transverse opening. The rear opening preferably extends over a substantial portion of the housing's height or width and serves to allow the sound radiated from the rear by the loudspeaker to exit the housing evenly. By designing the rear opening as a longitudinal or transverse opening, the radiation of the rearward sound component can be specifically influenced, particularly with regard to a uniform distribution and a reduction of local pressure peaks inside the housing. The rear longitudinal opening can be straight, curved, or transverse and is preferably adapted to the geometry of the housing.

[0019] In another embodiment, the front opening and / or the rear opening is covered with a sound-permeable cover. This cover allows the sound generated by the loudspeaker to escape while simultaneously protecting the interior of the housing from dust, foreign objects, or contact. The cover can be made, for example, of an acoustically permeable fabric, a non-woven material, a perforated material, or a fine mesh screen. It is designed so that it does not significantly impair sound radiation in the relevant frequency range, thus preserving the open nature of the sound emission through the openings.

[0020] It is preferred that the front or back of the membrane radiates towards the front.

[0021] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment of the invention, which is illustrated in the drawing. The drawing shows... Fig. 1 Cross-section of a loudspeaker enclosure design with two rear openings, Fig. 2 Cross-section of a loudspeaker housing design with a rear opening, Fig. 3 Side view of a two-part designed loudspeaker enclosure, Fig. 4 Front view of the in Fig. 3 loudspeaker housings shown, Fig. 5 Rear view of the in Fig. 3 loudspeaker housings shown, Fig. 6 Side view of a loudspeaker enclosure with two loudspeaker drivers, Fig. 7 Front view of the in Fig. 6 of the loudspeaker housings shown, Fig. 8 Rear view of the in Fig. 6 of the loudspeaker housings shown, Fig. 9 Side view of another loudspeaker enclosure with two loudspeaker drivers, Fig. 10 Front view of the in Fig. 9 shown speaker housing, Fig. 11 Rear view of the in Fig. 9 shown loudspeaker housing with two openings, Fig. 12 Front view of a loudspeaker enclosure with a transverse opening, Fig. 13 Front view of a loudspeaker enclosure with two transverse openings, Fig. 14 Front view of a loudspeaker enclosure with two loudspeaker drivers and two transverse openings and Fig. 15 Front view of a loudspeaker enclosure with two loudspeaker chassis and several transverse openings.

[0022] Fig. Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a loudspeaker housing 1. The housing 1 has a front opening 2 and two rear openings 3a, 3b. Inside the housing 1 is a loudspeaker chassis comprising a magnet 4, a loudspeaker basket 6, and a diaphragm 8. The loudspeaker chassis is positioned within the housing 1 such that the diaphragm 8 is oriented towards the front opening 2.

[0023] A free space is provided between the loudspeaker chassis, in particular the loudspeaker basket 6, and a rear housing wall 7, in which the sound waves generated by the loudspeaker can propagate. The sound generated by the loudspeaker exits the housing 1 through this free space via the front opening 2 and / or through the rear openings 3a, 3b. This free space constitutes an acoustically effective area that enables controlled sound emission without forming a closed resonance chamber.

[0024] The arrangement of the loudspeaker driver within the enclosure, in combination with the front and rear openings, allows for targeted control of the radiation pattern. In particular, it enables the sound generated by the loudspeaker to be emitted evenly in at least one direction. It should be expressly noted here that the in Fig. Figure 1 shows only one embodiment of the combination of front and rear openings. The invention also includes embodiments in which one or more front openings or one and / or more rear openings are provided. The specific number and arrangement of the openings can vary depending on the desired radiation pattern, and the loudspeaker can radiate with the front or rear of the diaphragm facing the front.

[0025] Fig. 2 shows a variation of the one in Fig. Figure 1 shows a loudspeaker enclosure 1, in which the rear opening 3 is arranged centrally opposite the front opening 2. Inside the enclosure 1 is a loudspeaker driver comprising a magnet 4, a speaker basket 6, and a diaphragm 8. The loudspeaker driver is positioned such that the diaphragm 8 is aligned coaxially with the front opening 2 and the rear opening 3, thus enabling essentially symmetrical sound radiation to the front and rear.

[0026] A space with a uniform cross-section is provided between the loudspeaker chassis, in particular the loudspeaker basket 6, and the rear wall of the housing 7. The sound generated by the loudspeaker can exit the housing 1 through this space via both the front opening 2 and the rear opening 3. It should be expressly noted here that the Fig. The combination of front and rear openings shown in Figure 2 is merely one embodiment. The invention also includes embodiments in which one or more front openings or one and / or more rear openings are provided. The specific number and arrangement of the openings can vary depending on the desired radiation pattern, and the loudspeaker can radiate with the front or rear of the diaphragm facing the front.

[0027] Fig. Figure 3 shows a side view of another loudspeaker enclosure 1, which is designed in two parts. A loudspeaker driver is arranged in the upper enclosure part and attached to the front wall 10 of the enclosure, while another loudspeaker driver is attached to the rear wall 7 of the lower enclosure part. This arrangement demonstrates by way of example that the loudspeaker driver can optionally be attached to either the front wall 10 or the rear wall 7 of the enclosure 1. A partition 9 can optionally be provided between the two enclosure parts, separating them without impairing the fundamental sound radiation through the openings. It should be expressly noted here that the Fig. Figure 3 shows only one embodiment of the combination of front and rear openings. The invention also includes embodiments in which one or more front openings and / or one and / or more rear openings are provided. The specific number and arrangement of the openings can vary depending on the desired radiation pattern, and the loudspeaker can radiate with the front or rear of the diaphragm facing the front.

[0028] Fig. 4 shows the front view of the in Fig. 3 of the loudspeaker housing shown 1. In this view, a longitudinally extending front opening 2 can be seen, through which the sound generated by the diaphragm 8 of the respective loudspeaker chassis exits the housing.

[0029] Fig. Figure 5 shows the corresponding rear view or front view of the loudspeaker housing 1, which also features a longitudinally extending rear opening 3. It should be noted here that the embodiments shown in the figures can depict the front or rear of a loudspeaker housing, and that the loudspeaker radiates sound with its diaphragm facing either the front or rear.

[0030] Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. Figure 8 shows another two-part embodiment of a loudspeaker housing 1, in which the loudspeaker drivers arranged in the two housing parts are each attached to the front wall 10 of the housing. No partition is provided between the two housing parts, resulting in a continuous interior space.

[0031] Fig. 6 shows the side view, Fig. 7 the front view and Fig. Figure 8 shows the rear view of this embodiment, with a centrally located longitudinal opening 2 visible in both the front and rear views. Multiple transducers may also be present. Furthermore, a split housing is possible. The design is not limited to the loudspeakers installed in the bass enclosure. It should be expressly noted here that the illustrated combination of front and rear openings represents only one embodiment. The invention also includes configurations in which one or more front openings and / or one and / or more rear openings are provided. The specific number and arrangement of the openings can vary depending on the desired radiation pattern, and the loudspeaker can radiate with its diaphragm facing either the front or rear.

[0032] Fig. 9, Fig. 10 and Fig. Figure 11 shows a further embodiment of a loudspeaker enclosure 1, in which the loudspeaker drivers are attached to the rear wall 7 of the enclosure. The rear of the enclosure has two rear openings 3a, 3b, which are arranged on either side of a centrally extending strut 11. The strut 11 extends over the entire height of the enclosure 1 and serves to mechanically stabilize the rear of the enclosure and to regulate the sound pressure. At the same time, the strut 11 causes the rear-radiated sound to exit the enclosure through two separate openings, thereby enabling targeted control of the radiation pattern. It should be expressly noted here that the illustrated combination of front and rear openings represents only one exemplary embodiment.The invention also includes embodiments in which one or more front openings and / or one and / or more rear openings are provided. The specific number and arrangement of the openings can vary depending on the desired radiation pattern, and the loudspeaker can radiate with the front or rear of the diaphragm facing the front.

[0033] In the Fig. 12, Fig. 13, Fig. 14 to Fig.Figure 15 shows front views of a loudspeaker enclosure with one or two loudspeaker drivers and transverse openings. The openings 2 can be located on the front or rear of the enclosure 1 and oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis of the enclosure 1. For the sake of simplicity, reference numeral 2 is used here, although the openings can be located on the front or rear of the enclosure 1. A bridge 11 or more bridges 11 can be located between the openings 2. Several loudspeaker drivers can also be arranged, e.g., one above the other. It should be expressly noted here that the combinations shown represent only one embodiment. The invention also includes embodiments in which one or more front openings or one and / or more rear openings are provided.The specific number and arrangement of the openings can vary depending on the desired radiation pattern, and the loudspeaker can radiate with the front or back of the diaphragm towards the front. Reference sign 1 speaker enclosure 2 Front opening 3, 3a, 3b Rear opening, Rear openings 4 Magnet 6 speaker basket 7 Rear wall 8 Membran 9 Partition wall 10 Front wall 11 Bridge

Claims

Loudspeaker housing (1) for receiving at least one loudspeaker chassis with a magnet (4), a loudspeaker basket (6) and a diaphragm (8), with at least one front opening (2) and at least one rear opening (3), wherein the loudspeaker chassis is arranged inside the housing (1) such that a front of the diaphragm (8) is oriented towards the front or rear opening (2, 3) and that a space is provided between the loudspeaker chassis and at least one housing wall (7, 10) opposite the loudspeaker chassis, through which the sound generated by the loudspeaker can exit the housing (1) through the front opening (2) and / or through the rear opening (3). Loudspeaker housing (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the front or rear opening (2) is designed as a longitudinal or transverse opening which extends at least over the height or width of the loudspeaker chassis. Loudspeaker housing (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that several, in particular parallel to each other longitudinal or transverse openings, are provided in the front wall and / or rear wall of the housing (1). Loudspeaker housing (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loudspeaker chassis is arranged centrally in the housing (1) and is spaced at a substantially uniform distance to the side walls of the housing. Loudspeaker housing (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loudspeaker chassis is attached to a front and / or rear wall (10, 7) of the housing (1). Loudspeaker housing (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the free space formed between the loudspeaker chassis and the opposite housing wall (7, 10) has a course that widens in the direction of the rear opening (3). Loudspeaker housing (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the free space is provided with sound-absorbing material. Loudspeaker housing (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loudspeaker chassis or loudspeaker chassis is arranged centered on the central axis of the front or rear opening (2). Loudspeaker housing (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rear opening (3) is designed as a longitudinal or transverse opening. Loudspeaker housing (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front opening (2) and / or the rear opening (3) is covered with a sound-permeable cover.

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