Piece-by-piece packaging, method for producing the same, method for packaging an article in the same, and cutting for producing the same

Description

Field of invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing a reusable packaging according to claim 1, a packaging according to claim 12, and a blank according to claim 14. Technical background

[0002] Various methods for the largely automated production of cartons specifically adapted to the dimensions of the items to be packaged are known from the prior art. For example, US 7,647,752 B2 proposes an apparatus for producing custom cartons, which includes a system for determining the dimensions of an object to be packaged. This system communicates with a cartoning machine via a computer interface to produce a carton in which the object fits precisely. However, this patent only shows simple cartons with or without overlapping lid flaps. Such cartons typically require reinforcement with circumferential adhesive tape and / or cushioning material to ensure the safe transport of fragile items, as the inherent stability of the carton is low and the internal fit to the contours of the item is very limited.Furthermore, such cardboard boxes have a polygonal, usually cross-shaped, cut consisting of a number of rectangles, which results in a high proportion of waste.

[0003] Even more complex packaging, such as that known from EP 172133 A1, shows a similar, for example, essentially cross-shaped, cut of the cardboard material. Inserts for holding / retaining the item(s) in the packaging are made from a separate piece of cardboard and must themselves be inserted into the packaging, which complicates the coordination of the material flow in the case of automated production.

[0004] WO 2008 / 152344 A1 discloses a reusable, foldable blank comprising a substantially flat sheet with a plurality of hinge lines to define a plurality of panels, wherein the panels are foldable along the hinge lines in use to define a box structure comprising a bottom panel, at least first, second, and third side wall panels extending from the bottom panel, and one or more first releasable fasteners for releasably joining at least two of the folded side wall panels together. For example, two opposing side wall panels can be glued or folded in a Z-shape onto or over the bottom panel.

[0005] US Patent 4,300,679 discloses a one-piece folding package with integrated inner and outer flaps, featuring a completely self-contained, interlocking closure with cushioning for the contents of the package. The underlying blank used to manufacture the package is supported by the goods to be packaged.

[0006] The object of the present invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a method for producing individualized packaging adapted to the respective article(s), which is easily automatable, as well as to provide packaging and an underlying blank that are particularly suitable for such an automated process. The design of the blank and / or the packaging should enable production with no or only negligible waste. Furthermore, to simplify the production process, the entire packaging, including inserts if required, should be produced from a single rectangular blank. A further object of the invention is to provide methods for packaging an article with such packaging. revelation

[0007] The claimed inventive method is characterized in that a rectangular base cut BZ with sides X and Y and a total area xy is first provided and 2 a + h < x ≤ 3 a + h + a and b = y is.

[0008] Here, a and b correspond to the side dimensions of the base, h to the height, and r to the width (rs) or the width (rs - h) of a border area R of the finished packaging reduced by the height h. Then, fold lines B of the base blank are created parallel to a first side Y at least at the following intervals from it: B1 : a1 = h, defining a first side face of the packaging; B2 : a2 = h + a, defining a first base; B3 : a3 = 2h + a, defining a second side face and, in the case x = 2(a + h), the second base;

[0009] Furthermore, by cutting at least two dividing lines T, preferably symmetrically located to one of the symmetry axis S 1 parallel to side X, each starting from opposite sides X of the base blank BZ, along at least one of the fold lines B or their extension, the distance between the two endpoints ET of the dividing lines T closer to S 1 is chosen such that the distance corresponds to the length of a side B'' of the finished packaging or the length of a side M of an insert of the packaging. The respective sections, e.g., side surface and base surface or insert and side surface, remain separate from each other or from the rest of the base blank over a length of m = y − 2 h + r the fold lines are connected to each other in a way that allows for folding movement, where r either indicates the edge area R itself, which is characterized by a protrusion of the surfaces of the side and base surfaces of the packaging, or the edge area reduced by the height h.

[0010] The length t of the dividing lines T can be set in a range h ≤ t < y / 2, preferably at t = r + h.

[0011] At least one fold line B, which lies on a common straight line with two dividing lines, can only be placed in the area between two dividing lines T extending the fold line B.

[0012] In addition to producing the fold lines B 1 to B 3, the process also includes producing at least two of the following fold lines B of the basic blank parallel to a first side Y at the following distances from it: B 4 : a 4 = 2(h + a), whereby a side surface bounding the insert (see e.g. also Fig. 2 ) or a side surface that overlaps completely or only partially with the associated side wall, e.g. designed as a closure flap, can be formed (see e.g. also Fig. 3). B 5 : a 5 = 2(h + a) + h, whereby, in conjunction with B 4, either the insert or a third, overlapping base surface, e.g., designed as a closure flap, can be formed; B 0 (optional): a 0 = 0, in this case, for example, a base surface can be designed as a further closure flap, which, for example, with respect to the in Figure 1 and 3 as side Y of the base cut or fold line B 0 extends in the negative direction, i.e. downwards, e.g. by the amount a or less. In this case, the following applies: 3 (a + h) < x ≤ 3 (a + h) + a.

[0013] Furthermore, at least one perforation line, parallel to and / or on the fold line, can be provided in the area of ​​at least one closure flap, extending essentially from one side a to the opposite side a of the packaging, so that at least part of the closure flap can be separated or torn off. This can be achieved, for example, by applying two essentially parallel perforation lines that form a tear-off flap, with the lines potentially arranged in a herringbone pattern. A combination with at least one other corresponding, simple perforation line can also be advantageous, as detailed below.

[0014] For the sake of clarity, the terms "base" and "lid" will sometimes be used instead of "base" for the base surfaces forming the base and lid of the packaging, respectively. Similarly, the terms "front" and "rear" side walls (side walls movably connected to the lid) will be used instead of "side walls," as will "inner side walls" for the side walls that are offset to the rear by r or r + h, respectively, at the edges. For the sake of simplicity, the distance of the inner side walls from the corresponding side a will sometimes be denoted by rs in all embodiments. For the embodiment of the invention described below, rs = r + h; for the further embodiment described below, rs = r.

[0015] In the embodiment of the method according to the invention, an insert E, which is terminal with respect to side X, is separated from an adjacent side surface, i.e., a section of dimension h in the X direction and dimension y in the Y direction, by cutting two preferably laterally symmetrical dividing lines T 5 (or T 0, not shown here) starting from opposite sides X, along one of the fold lines B 5, B 0, or extending one of these fold lines, such that the distance between the two inner endpoints ET of the dividing lines T corresponds to the length m of a side M of the insert. The fold line B 5 can have a distance a 5 = h + 2(h + a) from the first side Y, or from B 0. Thus, the insert remains movably connected to the rest of the base in the central region of the fold line B 5 or B 0 (not shown here).

[0016] Here, an insert is generally understood to be an internal partition or divider within the packaging, the size and dimensions of which can be manufactured according to the dimensions of the packaged goods. According to the invention, inserts are cut and folded from the base blank BZ and are flexibly connected to the rest of the packaging before gluing. This allows the packaging and insert to be produced on the same cartoning machine with virtually no waste. Furthermore, the insert E, which is additionally glued in place (e.g., with hot glue), as well as the provision of a protruding edge area R, contributes significantly to the stability of such packaging.

[0017] An insert according to the invention is unfolded into a rectangular shape, wherein the second side length of the insert essentially corresponds to the side dimension a of the base area of ​​the finished packaging.

[0018] This involves creating fold lines A on the base cut in the area of ​​the insert, parallel to both sides X, at the following intervals to the corresponding side lines: A 1 (A 1 ') = r, which defines a bottom width flap; A 2 (A 2 ') = r + h = rs , which defines two inner, i.e. offset inwards by the distance rs, side walls and the outer dimensions of the insert in the XY plane and the preparation of an article recording in a central area B M of the insert. The outer dimensions of the area with respect to the XY plane can be B M = mxa, where m = y - 2 (r + h). Preparing the article entry can include at least one of the following operations: Adding at least one further dividing line T; adding at least one further folding line A, B; adding at least one cutout C, e.g. with star-shaped cutting or perforation lines c 1 ... cn to hold an article with slightly larger outer dimensions with respect to cutout C.

[0019] Preparing the article holder in the insert area can include the following steps: Create fold lines of length n = m - 2 o = y - 2 (r + h + o) parallel and centered on the side Y' that borders the insert at the following distances from it: B 6 = a − j B 7 = a − j + h B 7 ′ = j + h B 6 ′ = j where o is the distance between the fold lines A 2 , A 2 ' parallel to side X, or the outer edge formed thereby (along A 2 , A 2 ') and an inner edge of the insert parallel to it, for example (along the respective adjacent cutting line T 7), where the inner edge can be formed by the edge of an inner edge area or the edge of a cover flap forming the inner edge, j is the distance between Y, Y' or the fold line B 5 parallel to side Y, Y' and an inner edge parallel to it, for example.parallel further inner edge of the insert, and (j + h + k) = a / 2 is the distance to the center of the insert from sides Y, Y' and B 5; applying a dividing line T 6 in a central area of ​​the insert with respect to side a, preferably with a length n parallel and centered on side Y, at a distance t 6 = a / 2 = j + h + k from Y, Y'; applying two dividing lines T 7 each between opposite fold lines A 2 , A 2 ' and the axis of symmetry S 1, preferably with a length p = 2 (h + k) = (a - 2 j) parallel and centered, at a distance t 7 = r + h + o = (y - n) / 2 to the respective section of the X' side assigned to the insert.

[0020] Additionally, at least on one side, and always on the same side, a dividing line T 8, T 8 ' can be applied to fold line A 2, thus enabling the formation of one or two opposing, foldable inner flaps in the finished packaging. This prevents an item from unintentionally falling out when the packaging is opened, thanks to the folded-down inner flaps forming a rim, and also secures the item within the packaging during shipping.

[0021] In the present embodiment, the length of side X of the base cutout can lie within the following range: 2 h + a + a ≤ x ≤ 3 a + h + a

[0022] The length, in this case the height h between the fold lines B 5 and B 4 and / or the fold lines B 6 (B 6 ') and / or B 7 (B 7 ') as well as the lengths a of the insert can be corrected by one to several times the thickness (d) of the cardboard (folding or bending allowances).

[0023] The packaging dimensions of the closed packaging for this embodiment are preferably in a range (each axbxh) from 60 x 60 x 8 mm up to and including 353 x 250 x 100 mm, or preferably from 75 x 300 x 8 mm to 300 x 600 x 100 mm, with an insert preferably measuring 60 x 60 x 8 mm to 250 x 360 x 100 mm, resulting in dimensions for the contents, or a single item, of 45 x 30 x 8 mm to 250 x 353 x 100 mm. The basic blank BZ for dimensions x, y is in the range of 600 x 300 mm up to and including 1200 x 600 mm, or preferably from 250 x 300 mm up to and including 1200 x 600 mm. Double-sided 1.5 mm E-flute corrugated board was used.

[0024] In another embodiment of the method, the fold lines A of the base blank are produced parallel to a first side X at the following distances from it: b 1 = h b 2 = h + r , where in this embodiment r = rs is the edge width of a protective rim of the packaging; b 3 = y − h + r A 4 " : b 4 = y − h and by cutting at least four pairwise opposite dividing lines T 3 '', T 4 '', each starting from opposite sides X, along at least one of the fold lines B, the distance between the two dividing line endpoints ET located closer to one of the symmetry axis S 1 parallel to the side X corresponds to the length b" of a side B" of the finished packaging and at least four pairwise angle cuts T 1 '' / T 5 '', T 2 '' / T 6 '' arranged on opposite sides of the symmetry axis along fold lines A, B are made to surfaces with sides of lengths h and r or h and h.

[0025] These adjacent surfaces, along a Y-side or together with the dividing lines T3" and associated fold lines A2" and A3" and B1 and B2, form adhesive tabs. In the case of adhesive tabs 45" of dimension h, which are flexibly connected to the side surfaces, these tabs are glued to the front or rear side wall 33'. To achieve this, after the folding and cutting operations, the side walls parallel to the X-side are first folded inwards by 180° along lines A2" and A3" and upwards by 90° along lines A1" and A4". If necessary, this position can be achieved by gluing the 180° folded surfaces to the base or lid. Subsequently, or simultaneously, the adhesive tabs 33" and 45" can be folded inwards. The adhesive tabs 33" which are flexibly connected to the front and rear side walls 31' and 33' respectively are glued to the respective side flap itself.These adhesive bonds, in addition to the formation of the edge area R' with the side wall offset inwards by r, contribute to the mechanical stability of the packaging and can be made with hot melt adhesive as described above, or alternatively with double-sided adhesive tape or other suitable adhesives. Alternatively, in all embodiments, for example by providing slots in the side surfaces and appropriately shaping the folding flaps, the packaging can also be joined and strengthened by suitable mechanical connections.

[0026] The angle cuts can be made in a range between B 0 (or Y) and B 1, between B 2 and B 3 and / or between B 4 and / or B 5, as well as in a range between A 1 " and A 2 " and between A 3 " and A 4 ".

[0027] The length of side X of the basic cut can be selected in the following range in this embodiment: 2 (a + h) ≤ x ≤ 3 (a + h) .

[0028] The packaging dimensions of the closed package in this embodiment are preferably in the range (x x b x h) from 210 x 150 x 50 mm up to and including 700 x 400 x 400 mm, or preferably from 150 x 210 x 20 mm up to and including 400 x 660 x 300 mm. Base blanks BZ with the same thickness or, for larger dimensions, increased to e.g., 3 mm, and x, y in an analogous ratio to the first embodiment, or preferably from 360 x 350 mm up to 1830 x 1320 mm. This results in a packaging volume of 150 x 100 x 20 mm up to a maximum of 400 x 600 x 300 mm.

[0029] Thus, the present invention comprises packaging in a range from 60 x 60 x 8 mm up to and including 700 x 400 x 400 mm, preferably from a minimum of 75 x 210 x 8 mm up to a maximum of 400 x 660 x 300 mm.

[0030] The inventive design of the packaging allows identical basic cutouts to be used for a wide variety of packaged items within a certain dimensional range.

[0031] In all embodiments of the invention, fold lines can be produced by creasing and / or by perforation.

[0032] The height h and / or at least one dimension a can be corrected by one to several times the thickness d (folding or bending allowances), in particular shortened, as for example in the case of the dimensions of the insert, or lengthened, as for example in the case of dimensions of the base, the lid and / or an adhesive flap designed as a side surface.

[0033] In any case, the cardboard can be erected from the blank so that an item can be inserted. This makes the packaging inherently stable, meaning it retains its shape even when open or unsealed, thanks to its special construction and fastening methods such as adhesives or mechanical interlocking (e.g., plug-in or clamp connections, for example, by folding or inserting two or more cardboard flaps into each other) as described above, or other mechanical fasteners such as staples, seams, or similar. Such packaging can also be produced in advance, stored, and retrieved as needed.

[0034] A further object of the invention is to provide packaging according to the invention. Such packaging is produced from a basic cardboard blank BZ by creasing and / or linear perforation, by applying cutting lines, by folding along the creases and / or perforations, and by using fastening means, e.g., adhesives or mechanical fasteners. The packaging is mechanically reinforced, at least in the closed state, at least with respect to two side walls (31, 31', 33, 33') and parallel or perpendicular to these by two further supporting walls (42, 34‴).The support walls (42, 34‴) are also made from the basic blank, each by separating incisions along at least two dividing lines T (T 5 , T 6 , T 7 , T 8 , T 8 ', T 3 ", T 4 ") and folds along at least one, preferably at least two fold lines B (B 6 , B 6 ', B 7 , B 7 ') and each connected to the rest of the packaging (30, 30') via at least one fold line A, B (B 6 , B 6 ', B 7 , B 7 ', A 2 , A 2 ', A 1 ", A 2 ", A 3 " A 4 "). By manufacturing the entire packaging from the base blank BZ, it can be temporarily stored after applying the necessary creases A, B and / or perforation lines A, B, as well as the corresponding tear lines T, and later unfolded and additionally joined (mechanically or preferably by gluing). Creases A, B and / or perforation lines A, B are, in principle, interchangeable. Perforation lines A, B can, for example,Corrugated cardboard is produced by perforating one side of the base carton, where only the cover sheet of the double-sided corrugated cardboard is perforated. Suitable corrugated cardboard dimensions, depending on the application and size of the packaging, are between 0.8 and 2.5 mm or 3.5 mm thick, preferably between 1 and 2 mm or 3 mm, e.g., 1.5 mm or 3 mm corrugated cardboard with E-flute or double E-flute or B-flute.

[0035] Such packaging is essentially cuboid in shape, with each pair of opposite side surfaces with masses a and h respectively having a circumferential edge RK of an edge region R and a side surface offset inwards by a distance rs = r + h or rs = r.

[0036] The inventive design of the packaging allows for optimal article or product protection through the surrounding edge.

[0037] Such packaging can be manufactured automatically using a cartoning machine according to any method disclosed above, for example, as described below. Due to its simple design and handling, it is particularly suitable for production processes requiring high flexibility and customization, as only one cardboard blank (BZ) is needed to manufacture the packaging. This basic blank (BZ) can be printed in the simplest way before the cutting, scoring, and perforation lines are applied. Both the basic blank, the finished scored / perforated and cut cardboard blank, and the erected packaging can be easily stored and later reused for erecting the packaging or for a semi- or fully automated packing process.

[0038] Further embodiments of the packaging are described on the one hand in the above-described method for manufacturing the packaging and on the other hand in the description of the figures.

[0039] A procedure for packaging an article with packaging as described above can be provided. Such a procedure comprises the following steps: Capture of further article information, such as geometry, dimensions, etc., during the transport of the article to a loading station and processing of the captured information via a computer interface in order to: determine the dimensions a, b, h and rs of the packaging suitable for the respective article size; where a, b and h correspond to the geometric outer dimensions of a cuboid packaging determined by the article dimensions and rs to a corresponding edge area R projecting on two opposite sides of length a and height h to protect the packaging contents; select a suitably dimensioned base blank XY with side lengths x and y or produce it from a strip of cardboard and feed it to a cartoning machine; automatically set and / or control the cartoning machine to produce the corresponding dimensions (a, b, h, rs) of the packaging from the base blank BZ;to control the cartoning machine or a carton turning unit arranged between the cartoning machine and the insertion station in such a way that the packaging is transferred to the insertion station open at the top; wherein the computer interface controls the carton feed A for selecting or producing the base blank, the cartoning machine B and an article transport unit C in such a way that the packaging and article reach the insertion station synchronously and the article can be inserted into the packaging.

[0040] Articles of various dimensions can be processed in any order (piece by piece, batch size 1).

[0041] Article information and / or further article details can be read from a code provided on or with the article. For example, the article information necessary for packaging, such as shipping address, order number, shipping method, etc., can be obtained from a customer order processing system connected to the computer interface when the article is identified via article identification, e.g., by reading a barcode. This system may contain article identification, order data (shipping address, order number, shipping method, etc.), and, if necessary, further article information such as the article's geometry and / or dimensions.

[0042] Alternatively, to provide further article information relating to the geometry and / or dimensions of the article, spatial dimensions of the article can first be recorded and these forwarded to the computer interface, e.g. together or in chronological order with the article identification and / or other article information.

[0043] Or / and additional article information, such as shipping address, sender, further product data, etc., can also be read from the code.

[0044] The item can be inserted manually or automatically, and after insertion the item, the packaging can be automatically closed and removed, e.g. by means of a removal device E.

[0045] Before or during transport, at least one of the following steps can preferably be carried out automatically, e.g. controlled by the computer interface: Marking, e.g. labeling and / or addressing, the packaging; checking the packaging.

[0046] The latter can be combined with an automatic deflection of defective packaging onto a reject receiving device F, e.g. a reject conveyor belt or into a reject container.

[0047] By connecting the computer interface to the customer order processing system, the status of the packaged items can be automatically reported back.

[0048] The cartoning machine can comprise several subunits, such as a carton transport unit, which can also be designed as a carton turning unit for providing the carton in an upwardly open position and / or transport to the insertion station, as well as at least two, preferably at least three folding and / or gluing units.

[0049] In this process, the carton feeder A and cartoning machine B can feed blanks via a packaging transport path extending from unit A at least to unit D, or the article transport unit C can transport an article along an article transport path that includes at least the article transport unit itself, in a timed manner towards packing station A, in particular to the insertion station 15, and the packaged article is moved away from the insertion station by a discharge device E along a discharge path ZT that includes at least parts of the packaging unit D and the discharge device E, either in a timed or continuous manner. The cycle times can be set via the computer interface depending on the duration of the longest processing step for producing the packaging. For example, even when the insertion station is operated manually, the process can be interrupted at the end of a cycle, for example by a stop switch or via an operating panel, to make things easier for the operator.restart. Alternatively, if the insertion station is also operated automatically by a robot, e.g. a "pick and place" robot, especially a SCARA robot, this can also preferably be controlled via the computer interface.

[0050] A particularly simple and therefore cost-effective automatic insertion mechanism can be implemented by inserting the contents from the front, for example using conveyor belts, into the still partially sealed packaging. In this case, the unfolding and gluing of a side wall facing the front (with respect to one packaging transport direction VT) only takes place after the items have been inserted into the insertion station, for example in a subsequent folding unit with a gluing unit.

[0051] The computer interface can access or control one or more connected computing units, and advantageously, signals from the connected computing units, such as a controller of at least one of the subunits A to F, can also be received by the computer interface and processed, for example, for synchronization, rapid shutdown, process recording, etc.

[0052] The following describes a packaging system for packaging an item, for example, with packaging as described above. The packaging system includes... an article transport unit C, which is arranged upstream of an insertion station 15 with respect to an article transport direction AT; an object detection unit 14, which is arranged in the area of ​​the article transport unit C or, with respect to the article transport direction AT, immediately upstream or downstream of the article transport unit C; a carton feeder A, which is arranged upstream of the insertion station 15 with respect to a packaging transport direction VT; a cartoning machine B, which is arranged downstream of the carton feeder and upstream of the insertion station (15) with respect to the packaging transport direction VT; a computer interface, which is connected to the object detection unit (14), carton feeder A and cartoning machine B and is configured to convert data acquired by the object detection unit (14) into control signals, at least for the carton feeder A and cartoning machine B, so that a method for packaging an article as described above can be carried out.

[0053] The computer interface can be configured to extract the mass corresponding to the article size from the data. to calculate the xy of an essentially rectangular base blank BZ and thus control the carton feed A in order to produce or select a suitable base blank, as well as to calculate the mass a, b, h and rs of the essentially cuboid packaging and thus control the cartoning machine to produce the packaging.

[0054] Here too, a, b and h correspond to the geometric outer dimensions of a cuboid packaging determined by the article dimensions, and rs to a corresponding edge area projecting on two opposite sides of length a and height h to protect the contents of the packaging.

[0055] The carton feeder can advantageously include a feeder with at least two feeders to retrieve base blanks of different sizes from the feeders. These blanks are placed on the feeder and aligned before being transferred to the cartoning machine. The base blank can be laid down with respect to a wave direction parallel to the packaging transport direction VT (i.e., with the wave troughs or crests perpendicular to it), or with respect to a wave direction perpendicular to the packaging transport direction VT (i.e., with the wave troughs or crests parallel to it). In embodiments with a feeder, the wave direction is preferably transverse with the wave troughs parallel to X. In embodiments without a feeder, the wave direction is preferably longitudinal with the wave troughs parallel to Y.

[0056] Subsequently, for embodiments with an insert, the fold lines A n are first formed in a longitudinal processing step at a longitudinal processing station, and then the fold lines B n are formed in a transverse processing step at a transverse processing station. For embodiments without an insert, the production of the corresponding fold lines A n and B n can be carried out in reverse order. Reversing the sequence is also possible in principle in both cases. In any case, the necessary longitudinal and transverse cuts and separation cuts T n can be made simultaneously.

[0057] Object recognition can include a code reader and / or optical 3D recognition.

[0058] Alternatively, the system can also be operated without object recognition of the items to be packaged. In this case, the operator can select the packaging dimensions to be produced via a recipe stored in the computer interface and manufacture them as needed.

[0059] The cartoning machine can comprise a longitudinal processing station (4) with adjustable cutting, scoring, and / or perforating tools and a transverse processing station (5) with adjustable cutting, scoring, and / or perforating tools. The longitudinal and transverse processing stations are configured to apply folding, perforation, or separation lines perpendicular to each other to the base blank. Advantageously, all parallel lines (A 1-n ) in one direction are applied first, followed by all parallel lines (B 1-n ) in a perpendicular direction, or vice versa. One or more folding units, preferably at least two, and more preferably at least three, are arranged downstream of the longitudinal processing station and downstream of the transverse processing station.

[0060] In this case, at least one folding device may include a controllable application device for adhesive, for example a melting device 11 and nozzle for hot glue or adhesives and glues as described above.

[0061] A carton turning unit can be arranged between cartoning machine B and the insertion station to place the carton open at the insertion station, with the front facing the operator or insertion robot. Furthermore, a discharge device E can be arranged downstream of the insertion station. This device, or the packaging unit D itself, can include a marking and / or inspection unit.

[0062] In one embodiment of a packaging system, at least the units A to D, and preferably at least the units A to E of the system, can be controlled, and in particular synchronized, directly via the computer interface or via intermediate computing units. A manual input device (12) can be connected to the computer interface at the insertion station (15) to additionally transmit a stop / start command or, in particular, a manual timing signal for synchronization to the computer interface. The input device can be designed as a hand switch or as an operating panel, or, to keep the operator's hands free, in particular as a foot switch. Reference sign lists

[0063] To Figures 1-3a :Dimension arrows are shown with open arrowheads, folding arrows with closed black arrowheads. A straight folding arrow indicates a 180° fold of the area with the arrow base around the fold line, two arrows angled from the fold line indicate a 90° fold, whereby two adjacent 90° folds can be Z- or U-shaped. Folds along fold lines B0 to B5 are always U-shaped. Reference list I, for Figures 1-3a

[0064] XY Basic layout xy Base area of ​​the basic cut RK edge m Side length of the insert parallel to the Y-side, along fold line B S 1 axis of symmetry X Long side of the base cut x, x', x" Length of X Y first side / cross side of the basic cutout y, y', y" Length of Y x·y Total area of ​​the base cut a Side dimension of side A of the finished packaging a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , ... Side dimension / distance (of a fold line B) from the first side Y of the BZ b, b', b" Side dimensions of sides B, B', B" of the finished packaging d Cardboard thickness h Height of the finished packaging A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , ... A n ; A 1 ', A 2 ', A 3 ', ... A' n Fold lines of the base cut parallel to the X-side B 1 , B 2 , B 3 ,... B n ; B 1 ', B 2 ', B 3 ',... B' n Fold lines of the base cut parallel to the first side Y BM Central area of ​​the insert C; C 1 , C 2 , C 3 ... Additional separation or perforation lines T; T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , ... ; T 1 ', T 2 ', T 3 ', ... ; T1", T2", T3", ... dividing lines t 1 , t 2 , t 3 , ... Length of a dividing line ET (Inner) endpoint of dividing lines T m = y - 2 (r + h) ≈ b" The length of side M of the insert corresponds to the side length b" of side B in packaging without an insert. r ≤ rs ≤ r + h Edge width of a protective rim on the packaging j = a / 2 - (h + k) Distance between B 5 or Y' to B 6 , B 6 ' k = a / 2 - (h + j) Distance between B 7 or B 7 ' to T 6 o = (m - n) / 2 Distance between A 2 or A 2 ' to T 7 Reference numeral list II, to Figures 4-7:

[0065] 1 Cardboard feeder 2 Additional carton feeder 3 Entry / alignment 4 Longitudinal processing (grooving, perforating, cutting) 5 Cross-processing (grooving, perforating, cutting) 6 Folding mechanism / insert 7 Folding mechanism, erection / insert 8 Folding frame with gluing station (hot glue) / insert 9 Folding mechanism / insert Fold 10 Turn around 11 Melting device hot glue 12 Control panel 13 Buffer article feeder (option) 14 Object recognition with options: counter, code recognition 15 Insertion station 16 Folding mechanism / Folding packaging 17 Adhesive station for sealing the packaging (hot glue) 18 Sealing and labeling station 19 Quality / closure control / counter (option); e.g., camera system, sensor 20 conveyor belt 21 Another conveyor belt 22 Surgeon 30, 30' Packaging 31, 31' Front side wall 32, 32' Floor 33, 33' Rear side wall 34, 34' Lid 34" Lid edge 34‴ lid edge 35, 35' Closure flap 33", 35", 45" Adhesive tabs 36 Adhesive strips (hot glue, double-sided tape, ...) 37 (Tear) Perforation line 38 Additional closure flap 39 Tear-off tab 40 insert 41 Inner edge area of ​​the insert (E) 42 Inner boundary walls of the insert (E) 43 Bottom length tabs 44 Bottom width tabs 45, 45' Inner side walls 45" Adhesive tabs 46 Lid flap 47 Insertion opening 48, 48' Insert area A Cardboard supply B Cartoning machine C Article transport unit D Packaging unit E Transport device F Committee admission AT Article transport direction VT Packaging transport direction ZT Transport route Character description

[0066] The invention is described below using figures as an example. Figures 1 to 7 show: Fig. 1 Basic folding scheme and cut Fig. 2 Folding scheme and cut with insert Fig. 3 Folding scheme and cut without insert, not part of the invention Fig. 4 Packaging with insert Fig. 5 Packaging without insert, not part of the invention Fig. 6 Closure variant Fig. 7 Packaging system, not part of the invention

[0067] Regarding the reference numerals of the Figures 1 to 3Reference is made to List of Reference Numbers I. These figures show fold lines A0-An, as well as B0-Bn, the folding scheme, and the cut lines T, T1-Tn, as they are applied to a base blank BZ of dimensions xy for the production of a packaging according to the invention. For the sake of simplicity, such a base blank prepared for folding is referred to here as a blank. Although the following examples are discussed using cardboard blanks, other materials suitable in terms of strength and processability, such as thicker paper or plastic films, or corresponding composite materials, etc., can also be used for the production of packaging, as will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Packaging made of such materials is therefore also encompassed by the invention. Dimension arrows are shown with open arrowheads, folding arrows with closed black arrowheads.A straight folding arrow signifies a 180° fold of the area with the arrow base around the fold line, while two arrows angled from the fold line signify a 90° fold. Two adjacent 90° folds can be Z- or U-shaped, i.e., in the same or opposite directions. The axis of symmetry S1 is located at... Fig. 1-3 dash-dotted lines, possible fold lines finely dashed, executed fold lines A, B finely solid and cutting lines T double solid.

[0068] Based on the Fig. 1The principle and essential features of the cardboard blanks and the inventive method are described here. Two cardboard blanks with X-sides of different sizes are shown, for example, x" = 2 (h + a) + h with solid lines and x' = 3 (h + a) including the packaging extended by the dashed side lines. The folds along the fold lines B0 to B5 are always U-shaped, resulting, in the case of side length x", in a package with two base surfaces of dimensions ay or ab', ab" (bottom 32, 32', lid 34, 34'), two side surfaces of dimensions hy or hb', hb" (front and rear side walls), and a closure flap 35 of the same dimensions, e.g., between lines B4 and B5 or B0 and B1. In this case, B5 and B0 form the Y-sides of the base blank.If the basic blank BZ is extended by a base area along one of the lines B0 or ​​B5 in a corresponding x-direction, a further closure flap 38 or an insert 40 can be provided, depending on the fold, to hold / support at least one item, e.g., a shipping item. Corresponding cartoning machines for producing the blanks for different item sizes can be easily adapted, since, due to the essentially orthogonal orientation of the processing lines, only the distances of the scoring, perforating, and / or cutting tools, as well as the folding tools and gluing positions in a longitudinal and / or transverse processing device need to be adjusted. In addition to or as an alternative to the one described in... Fig. 2 The detailed folding and cutting diagram of an insert 40 can be used, as shown in Fig. 1As shown above, for example in the area of ​​the lid flap 46, cuts C, C1 - Cn adapted to specific article dimensions can be made to better hold the article or to better present it when the packaging 30 is opened. The lid flap 46 can also be firmly connected to the inner edge or inner edge area 41 of the insert 40, forming a circumferential inner edge or inner edge area that defines the insert opening and can be easily adapted to specific article dimensions.

[0069] In Fig. 2Figure 1 shows a detail of a cardboard blank with dimensions x' = 3 (h + a) and y' = b with an insert. In this version, the item holder with insertion opening 47 is formed by the insert 40, which is unfolded from the cardboard blank between line B5 and the depicted Y-side, which here corresponds to a side dimension b' of the finished packaging's base area. For this purpose, for example, the inner side walls with the hinged lid flaps and base width flaps can first be folded at right angles along lines A2 and A2', then the further folds can be made on the insert, and finally, the insert can be folded 90° along fold line B5. The insert is then folded at B4 and B5 towards the base 32 (see also...). Fig. 4Next, the fold lines B4 to B1, which run from one side X to the opposite side X, are folded accordingly, and the tabs are glued. See also the section described in more detail below. Fig. 4 , which depicts a corresponding opened package. The protective rim R projecting beyond the inner side walls 45 has a depth rs = r + h in this case.

[0070] Fig. 3 shows another cardboard blank for a second embodiment of a 30' package which, in the folded but open state, is described in more detail below. Fig. 5The cut-out has the X-dimension x" = 2(a + h) + h. In contrast to the first embodiment, here no insert is folded from a base sheet, but additional folds A1-A4 parallel to side X, as well as various cuts T1"-T6", are made. The adhesive tabs 31", 33", 35", which are movably connected to the sides of the front side wall 31', the rear side wall 33', and the closure flap 35', are each folded inwards by 180° and glued to the corresponding side walls themselves, which increases the stability of the side walls. In contrast, the adhesive tabs 45" of the inner side walls 45' are simply folded inwards by 90° after folding the bottom edge area 32" by 180° and unfolding the inner side walls 45' from the bottom edge area by 90°, and then glued to the adjacent front side wall 31' and to the adjacent rear side wall 33', thereby forming the insertion area 48' of the packaging 30'.

[0071] Fig. 3a Figure 1 shows an alternative embodiment of a blank without an insert, in which hatched reliefs are provided, i.e., areas of the carton where parts of the base blank have been cut off or removed. These reliefs allow the essentially cuboid geometry of the packaging to be more clearly defined and shaped, as crushing in the corners is avoided and the corresponding right angles are maintained.

[0072] For example, cutouts can be made in the area of ​​sections T1", T2", and T3", each in the border area between lines A1" and A2" or between lines A3" and A4", for example, with a length r. The cutout area here has a width of approximately 5 mm (+ / - 3 mm) and can be created by a double cut, which is then cut across at the end, so that a small rectangle is cut out. The remaining in Fig. 3a The specified cuts are simple separation cuts where the cardboard is trimmed in a corner or side area. For example, the 35" flaps with dimensions hx (h + r) can be cut off along the separation lines T 4" and T 7" and / or (additionally) an edge trim of length a can be made on the 34" lid edge (width approx. 3 mm for B-flute or double-E-flute, or approx. 1.5 mm width for single-E-flute) to compensate for the thickness of the edge R.

[0073] Regarding the additional or differently used reference symbols of the Figures 4 to 7 Reference is made to list of reference symbols II.

[0074] In Fig. 4 The image shows an exemplary packaging made from a waste-free cardboard blank, with fold lines and cutouts as shown in Fig. 2shown, manufactured, or unfolded. The packaging 30 comprises a front side wall 31, a base 32, a rear side wall 33, a lid 34, and a closure flap 35. The folding lines and cutting lines are analogous to the Figure 1 and 2The edges adjacent to the cutting lines T5, T6, T7, and T8 are now spatially separated due to the folding, but the designation of the respective cutting line is retained for easier orientation. The rear side wall and lid with closure flap are in the open position, so that, for example, a single item can be placed in the recess 47, which forms an insertion opening for the insert 40. The insert, which is connected to the front side wall of the packaging via the fold line B5, has been additionally glued to the base 32 of the packaging by means of a bottom length flap 43 and a bottom width flap 44. This provides additional stability. An upper inner edge, or inner edge area 41, is formed between the front and rear side walls of the packaging and the recess of the insertion opening 47 of the insert 40.The two opposing inner boundary walls 42 of the insertion opening 47 are folded downwards at a right angle, i.e., towards the base 32. These simultaneously form additional support walls to the side walls 31, 33, which are parallel to them when closed. The two base length flaps 43, with width k, are again folded at a right angle along the base from the inner boundary walls 42, in this case inwards and glued to the base. Regarding the use of "top" and "bottom," this is understood to mean the insertion opening 47 or the lid 34 in the closed state is "top," and the base 32 is "bottom." "Back" here refers to the side of the packaging to which the lid 34 is movably connected when open, and "front" refers to the corresponding, opposite side from which an operator or automated handler typically inserts the goods into the package.Of the inner side walls 45 extending between the front side wall 31 and the rear side wall 33, the bottom width flap 44 is folded inwards at a right angle, parallel to the bottom 32, and glued to it. The lid flaps 46 of the inner side walls 45, which open upwards in the area of ​​the insertion opening 47, are shown here. These can be pressed downwards after the item to be packaged has been inserted, thus preventing the item from accidentally falling out during shipping or when opening the package. As can be seen from the comparison of... Fig. 4 and Fig. 2 As can be seen, the dimensions of the insertion opening 47 can be varied very easily by appropriately selecting the masses j, k, o and r within the framework of the overall dimensions a and b of the packaging.

[0075] In the present case Fig. 4Furthermore, a double-sided adhesive strip 36 is attached to the closure flap 35, which can be used to close the packaging after inserting the item to be shipped and unfolding the rear side wall and the lid. The recipient can then open the packaging 30, for example, along the perforation line 37, and reuse the same packaging, for example, if the item needs to be returned. This can be easily achieved, for example, by providing another double-sided adhesive strip with a release liner (not shown here), for example, by attaching the additional adhesive strip between the perforation line 37 and fold line B1. Regarding the folding direction of the bottom width flap 44 and the bottom length flap 43, it should be noted that, depending on the selected dimensions, this can also be done in the opposite direction by 180°.Due to the excess of the outer dimensions a, b of the packaging compared to the insert 40, an externally accessible edge area R is created along the two inner side walls 45 when the packaging 30 is closed. This area forms a cavity corresponding to the depth of the edge area rs = r + h and is closed off internally by the inner side walls 45. This makes the finished packaging 30 easier to handle and significantly increases the stability of the packaging, thus better protecting the item placed in the insert. The simple design of the packaging, particularly the internal dimensions of the insert 40, allows it to be ideally tailored to the size of the goods being shipped, so that the goods can be inserted flush or even slightly wedged between the walls 42, 45 and / or the lid flap 46 and the bottom length flap 43 or bottom width flap 44. By appropriately selecting the position of the folding or...Cutting lines can also provide an ideal recording for geometrically very different articles (asymmetrical, polygonal, round, oval, ...) e.g. by slanting and spring effect of the side walls 42.

[0076] This eliminates the need for additional packaging material, especially in connection with the high stability of the packaging.

[0077] The in Fig. 4 The packaging shown is particularly suitable for packing one or more items as flat as possible, which allows the package to be delivered, e.g., through a letterbox slot.

[0078] Fig. 5 represents a further embodiment of a packaging 31'. In contrast to the one in Fig. 4In the illustrated embodiment, which is particularly suitable for packaging individual items, several items can also be packaged simultaneously in the present packaging. Folding lines and virtually waste-free cutting of such a packaging 31', also shown here in an open state, were demonstrated in Fig. 3 The reference symbols are therefore used analogously; the same applies to the spatial separation of the section lines and their designations. Fig. 4 mentioned.

[0079] In this case, the packaging can be unfolded starting from the front side wall 31', over the base 32', rear side wall 33', lid area 34' to 34‴, and closure flap 35'. Since the inner side walls 45' are additionally reinforced on the outside when closed by the lid edge sides 34‴ positioned or clamped parallel to them in the edge area R', the protective, inwardly offset edge area R' can be made smaller. During, before, or after closing the lid with the closure flap 35', for example, by means of adhesive strips on the front side wall 31' or the closure flap 35', similar to the one described below. Fig. 4As mentioned, the lid edge 34'' is folded 180° downwards and inwards, and the lid edge side 34‴ is then folded 90° downwards from this. This additionally supports the lid edge side 34‴, clamping it parallel to the inner side wall 45' between the base edge 32" and the lid 34'. The lid edge sides 34‴ here function as additional support walls. To stabilize the opened packaging, various adhesive bonds are applied. The adhesive tabs 33" projecting from the front side wall 31' and the rear side wall 33' are each folded 180° and bonded to the corresponding side wall 31', 33'. The same procedure is followed for the additional adhesive tab 35'', which is movably arranged on the closure flap 35'. To secure the insert area 48', the side adhesive tabs 45" which are attached to the inner side walls 45' in a foldable manner are connected to the front side wall 31' and the rear side wall 33'.Furthermore, the base 32' and the base edge 32" can be glued together. With this particular packaging 31', it may be advantageous to provide additional filling material or, in this case, an insert not flexibly connected to the actual packaging for separating different items in the insert area 48'.

[0080] Compared to previously known, automatically manufactured packaging, the packaging according to the invention, listed here as examples, is characterized by a strength that is largely independent of the item(s) to be inserted and any additional inserts or filling material. This means that, for example, they can be kept in storage in an open or closed, but not yet sealed, state and retrieved as needed.

[0081] In Fig. 6A further closure system, which is in principle applicable to all packagings mentioned according to the invention, is shown in detail. In this system, the closure flap 35, 35' is extended in the region of the sides or lines B0, B5 by a further closure flap 38 with a length b, b" and is movably connected to it in a folding manner. In this case, the further closure flap can have a maximum mass equal to the base area of ​​the packaging, i.e., axb or axb".

[0082] The additional closure flap 38 is glued to the base 32, 32' of the packaging at least along its longer side B, B" in the area at its end relative to the cardboard blank. Simultaneously, a tear-off tab 39 is provided on the additional closure flap 38, separating the glued area from the unglued area of ​​the additional closure flap 38. In this case, the tear-off tab 39 is formed by two herringbone-patterned perforation lines. A perforation line 37 is provided along the fold line B0, which is located on the edge formed between the closure flap 35, 35' and the additional closure flap 38 when closed. This allows the recipient to easily open the packaging using the tear-off tab 39 and tear off the remaining portion of the additional closure flap 38 along the perforation 37.For possible return shipments, an adhesive strip 36 covered with a release film (not shown here) is provided on the inside of the closure flap 35, 35', which the recipient can use for further use of the packaging.

[0083] In Fig. 7 This diagram depicts a packaging system which, in addition to the necessary subsystems such as carton feeder A with carton feeder 1, cartoning machine B, packing station 15, and item transport unit C, also includes further optional subsystems. The computer interface is not shown here, as similar systems are generally known in the field of industrial plant control. The in Fig. 7The carton feeder A shown here includes, in addition to carton feeder 1, further carton feeders 2. Carton feeder(s) 1, 2 separate uniform base blanks BZ with sides X, Y from a stack of cartons and place them, for example, onto several parallel conveyor belts. Standard carton feeders with a stacking capacity of up to 500 or up to 1500 pieces can be used. The carton feeder can be equipped with additional carton feeders 2 as needed to provide a corresponding carton feeder 1, 2 for different sizes of base blanks BZ. At the end of the carton feeder A shown here, in the direction of the cartoning machine, a feeder 3 is provided for aligning the different base blanks BZ in order to transfer the blanks BZ to the cartoning machine B. Such a separate feeder 3 can be omitted in a carton feeder A that only includes one carton feeder 1 if the alignment is achieved by, or...This can take place in the area of ​​the carton feeder. In the illustrated cartoning machine B, the base blank BZ is first positioned precisely, for example using pairs of rollers, and then scored and / or perforated in a longitudinal processing station, and cut if necessary. Here, for example, the fold lines A parallel to side X and corresponding parallel cuts T (e.g., T7, T5", T6, etc.) are produced. Scoring and perforating can be done in a continuous pass with wheels, while cutting or a combined cutting and perforating process can be carried out, for example, with oscillating knives. Similarly, in the subsequent transverse processing station 5, the scoring, perforating, and / or cutting of the fold lines B parallel to side Y, or the parallel separation lines (e.g., T5, T6, T8, T1", T2, T3, T4, etc.) are carried out. Transport between the individual stations can be carried out via rollers and / or conveyor belts.In the subsequent folded structure 6, an insert can be placed, for example, according to the . Figures 2 and 4 The insert is folded and then erected first in the subsequent folding station 7. Individual or all of the dividing lines can alternatively be applied in station 6 or 7. In the following folding and gluing station 8, the insert is glued to the rest of the packaging, for example by applying hot glue. It is then fully folded and, if necessary, fully glued in folding station 9, and finally turned 180° in turning station 10 so that the opened packaging is delivered to packing station 15 with the front side facing the loading personnel or loading robot. This applies to packaging such as that found in the Figures 3 and 5As shown, stations 6 to 9 can be adapted to allow for the gluing of different adhesive flaps (e.g., 33", 35", 45", etc.). Turning the packaging, if necessary, is done analogously in station 10. Station 10 is assigned to the packaging unit, which here includes a test unit 19, but can also be part of the cartoning machine. At the insertion station 15, the items fed in the article transport direction AT via the article transport unit C are inserted into the packaging 30, 30' by the operator or a robot (e.g., a SCARA robot). The dimensions of the individual items to be packaged are detected by an object recognition system 14, which can also have a counting function. Additionally or alternatively, the object recognition system 14 can also be configured as a code reader.The data determined by object recognition 14 is sent to a computer interface, which then controls, either directly or via connected subsystems, the output of a corresponding base blank through the carton feeder A and the corresponding control of the cartoning machine B. In manual operation by the operator 22, the process can be interrupted or restarted at any time via the control panel 12. Alternatively, a loading robot that communicates with the computer interface can be used instead of the operator. In this case, the packaging unit D of the packaging system also includes a folding unit 16 for folding the packaging, a hot glue application station 17 that applies hot glue to the closure, and a sealing and labeling station 18 for marking the product and for addressing. Downstream is a control station 19 that checks whether the packages are properly sealed.This can be checked mechanically and / or preferably via an optical detection system. Properly sealed packages 30, 30' are then picked up by a conveying device E or placed on it, e.g., a conveyor belt 20. Defective packages are picked up by a reject unit F or placed on it, e.g., another conveyor belt 21.

Claims

1. A method for producing a reusable packaging from a carton, in which a single rectangular base blank (BZ) with sides (X, X') and (Y, Y') and a total area (xy) is provided, and 2 a + h + a < x ≤ 3 a + h + a and b = y, wherein a and b correspond to the side dimensions of the base area and h to the height of the finished packaging and the method includes the following further steps: - create fold lines (Bn) of the base blank parallel to a first side (Y) at at least the following distances therefrom: a 1 = h a 2 = h + a a 3 = 2 h + a a 4 = 2 h + a a 5 = 2 h + a + h , wherein an insert (E, 40) terminal with respect to the side (X) is separated from an adjacent side surface by severing two severing lines (Tn), each starting from opposite sides (X), along one of the fold lines (B5) or (B0), or extending one of these fold lines, in such a way that the distance between the two inner end points (ET) of the severing lines (Tn), corresponds to the length m of one side (M) of the insert (E, 40), and the insert (E, 40) is unfolded from the blank into a rectangular shape, and the second side length of the insert (E, 40) corresponds substantially to the side dimension a of the base area of the finished packaging (30), wherein - a creating of folding lines (A) at the base blank in the area of the insert (E, 40) is carried out parallel to both sides (X) in each case at the following intervals to the corresponding side lines: A 1 , A 1 ′ = r A 2 , A 2 ′ = r + h , wherein r corresponds to the width of the periphery area (R) of the finished packaging reduced by height (h).

2. The method of claim 1, characterized in that the length (t) of the severing lines (Tn) h ≤ t < y / 2 .

3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one fold line (Bn) is applied only in the region between two severing lines (Tn) extending the fold line (Bn).

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one side surface or / and one base area is formed as a closure tab (35, 35') and at least one perforation line (37) is provided parallel to and / or on the fold line (Bn).

5. The method according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that - a preparation of an article holder is carried out in a central region (BM) of the insert (E, 40), wherein the preparation includes at least one of the following operations: • forming at least one other severing line (T); • forming at least one other fold line (A) parallel to the side (X, X') and / or (B) parallel to the side (Y, Y'); • forming at least one cut-out (C).

6. The method of claim 5, characterised in that the preparation of the article holder in the area of the insert (E) comprises the following steps: - producing fold lines of length n = m - 2 ∘ = y - 2 (r + h + o) parallel and central to the side (Y') bounding the insert (E) at the following distances from it: • B 6 = a − j • B 7 = a − j + h • B 7 ′ = j + h • B 6 ′ = j , wherein o is the distance between the fold lines (A2, A2') parallel to the side (X) and an inner edge of the insert (E), j is the distance between (Y') or the fold line (B5) parallel to the side (Y') and another inner edge of the insert (E), and (j + h + k) = a / 2 is the distance to the centre of the insert (E) from the sides (Y') and (B5); - forming a severing line (T6) in a central region of the insert with respect to side a; - forming two severing lines (T7) between opposing folding lines (A2, A2') and the axis of symmetry (S1).

7. The method of claim 6, characterised in that at least in unilateral extension of the fold lines (B6) and (B6') a severing line (T8, T8') is formed to the fold line (A2), and / or (A2').

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the length h between the fold lines (B5) and (B4) and / or the fold lines (B6, B6') and (B7, B7') and the lengths a of the insert (E, 40) are corrected by once or many times the thickness d of the carton.

9. The method according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the production of folding lines (A, B) is carried out by creasing and / or by perforation.

10. The method according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one height h and / or at least one dimension a is corrected by once or many times the thickness d of the carton.

11. The method according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the carton (30) is erected from the blank (BZ) in such a way that an article can be inserted.

12. A packaging produced from a basic blank (BZ) of a carton according to a method of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the packaging (30) is mechanically reinforced by two further support walls (42) at least in the closed state, at least with regard to two side walls (31, 33), wherein the support walls (42) each are connected to the packaging (30) via at least one fold line (A, B, B6, B6', B7, B7', A2, A2').

13. The packaging according to claim 12, characterised in that the packaging (30) is essentially cuboid, wherein two opposite side surfaces with dimensions a and h each have a circumferential periphery edge (RK) of a periphery area (R) and a side surface (45) offset inwards by a distance rs = r + h.

14. A blank for producing a packaging according to any one of claims 12 or 13, prepared by a process according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the blank is a rectangular base blank (BZ) with sides (X, X') and (Y, Y') and a total area (xy), wherein 2 a + h + a < x ≤ 3 a + h + a and b = y, and a and b correspond to the side dimensions of the base area and h to the height of the finished packaging and the blank comprises the following folding lines (Bn) parallel to a first side (Y) at at least the following distances therefrom: a 1 = h a 2 = h + a a 3 = 2 h + a a 4 = 2 h + a a 5 = 2 h + a + h , wherein an insert (E, 40) terminal with respect to the side (X) is separated from an adjacent side surface by two severing lines (Tn), each starting from opposite sides (X), along an extension of a folding line (B5) or (B0), in such a way that the distance between the two inner end points (ET) of the severing lines (Tn) corresponds to the length m of one side (M) of the insert, - wherein in the area of the insert (E, 40) fold lines (An) are arranged parallel to both sides (X) at the following intervals to the corresponding side lines: A 1 , A 1 ′ = r A 2 , A 2 ′ = r + h , wherein r corresponds to the width of the periphery area (R) of the finished packaging reduced by height (h).