STATOR WITH PINS FOR AN ELECTRIC MACHINE

Description

State of the art

[0001] Electric machines are well known and are increasingly being used as electric motors to power vehicles. An electric machine consists of a stator and a rotor.

[0002] The stator comprises a multitude of slots in which the windings are guided. The windings can be formed from insulated copper rods, known as pins. The rotor is located inside the stator and is connected to a rotor shaft.

[0003] Such a pin, UPin or hairpin motor is known, for example, from DE 11 2013 006 691 T5, DE 10 2010 053 719 A1, EP 3 096 441 A1, US 2011 / 0025162 A1, WO 2012 / 072754 A2 or US 9,136,738 B2. Task and solution

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a stator according to claim 1 with windings made of pins, which is easy to manufacture.

[0005] According to the invention, a stator for an electrical machine comprises a plurality of pins which are arranged on concentric circles at different distances from a stator center in slots in the stator, and each concentric circle forms a layer, wherein six pins in different layers are connected to one another in series and form a winding, a first pin of the winding is located in a first slot in the 6n-1 layer, where n is a natural number, a second pin of the winding is located in a second slot in the 6n layer, wherein the second slot has a first radial distance in a first circumferential direction of the stator from the first slot, a third pin of the winding is located in a third slot in the 6n-2 layer, a fourth pin of the winding is located in a fourth slot in the 6n-3 layer, a fifth pin is located in the first slot in the 6n-5 layer, and a sixth pin of the winding is located in the second slot in the 6n-4 layer.A winding can also revolve around the teeth multiple times. The layers can be numbered in ascending order from the outside to the center of the stator. The number zero is not one of the natural numbers mentioned above.

[0006] A stator with the winding according to the invention is easy to manufacture and generates an efficient electromagnetic field. The connection types establish an electrically conductive connection between the pins in the slots. The connection type can be welding conductors to the pins, or the pins can already be formed as double pins, so-called upins, and thus establish a connection upon insertion into the stator. Welding pin end sections bent toward each other also represents a connection type.

[0007] According to the invention, the third groove has a first distance from the fourth groove which is equal to the first distance between the second groove and the first groove.

[0008] The rotating field generated with such a winding has fewer disturbing harmonics and therefore less torque ripple and smaller torque fluctuations as well as better NVH behavior.

[0009] According to the invention, the third groove is located adjacent to and circumferentially on the same adjacent side with respect to the first groove as the fourth groove is with respect to the second groove.

[0010] According to the invention, the stator has a first and a second end face, and the first and second pins on the second end face are connected to one another by means of a first type of connection, the second and third pins on the first end face are connected to one another by means of a second type of connection, the third and fourth pins on the second end face are connected to one another by means of a third type of connection, the fourth and fifth pins on the first end face are connected to one another by means of a fourth type of connection, the fifth and sixth pins on the second end face are connected to one another by means of a fifth type of connection, the first, second, third, fourth and fifth types of connection being different from one another.

[0011] The different connection types enable improved manufacturing. Alternating the connection types on different end faces enables efficient formation of a winding around the stator teeth located between the slots.

[0012] Even connection types on the same end face of the stator can differ due to different bending directions of a pin base to the inner or outer side of the stator.

[0013] In one embodiment of the invention, a pin of a winding can be a first, sixth, seventh or twelfth end pin and can be designed as a single pin, for example as an IPin.

[0014] According to the invention, the stator has at least two windings and at least the sixth pin in the second slot is connected to a seventh pin in the 6n-1 layer in a third slot by means of a sixth connection type.

[0015] A combination of the previously mentioned connection types on different or identical stator faces is also possible. Using the same connection type on the same faces and different connection types on different faces of the stator allows for simple and fast production. For example, on one face, the connection is made using a type of pre-bent pin, so-called double pins or upins, while on another face of the stator, individual pins or one side of the double pin is welded together. The welding points can be located at the bases of the pins or double pins.

[0016] According to the invention, the stator has a plurality of windings which extend over the entire circumference of the stator and thereby form a partial coil.

[0017] The windings therefore have a symmetry which creates a uniform rotating field.

[0018] In a further embodiment, one pin of each of three partial coils can be connected to each other using a seventh connection type or an eighth connection type, forming a coil. These pins can be so-called end pins, as they mark the end of a partial coil. Preferably, the partial coils can form six coils and be assigned to three phases in such a way that two coils assigned to the same phase are located in four adjacent slots.

[0019] Further preferably, one input of each end pin of two coils can be connected to each other by means of a ninth type of connection.

[0020] The ninth type of connection can be made by a conductor attached to the pins or by a conductive ring.

[0021] The two coils can be connected in parallel and can also be powered by the same phase. The parallel connection can be achieved by connecting a first and seventh or sixth and twelfth end pin in pairs.

[0022] Two coils in equal slots can be connected in parallel and fed from one phase, forming a stator with windings for a three-phase electrical machine.

[0023] Furthermore, two phases can each have a nearly identical current and voltage profile, allowing a six-phase inverter to drive only one three-phase motor. This arrangement enables current sharing among the switching elements in the inverter.

[0024] According to the invention, a vehicle has an electric machine with a stator according to one of the preferred embodiments. Character description

[0025] Figure 1 shows a stator. Figure 2shows a stator with eight slots and six layers. Figure 3 shows a winding diagram of a first partial coil. Figure 4 shows a winding diagram of a second partial coil. Figure 5 shows a winding diagram of a third partial coil. Figure 6 shows a stator with three partial coils and their connection to each other and thus a first coil. Figure 7 shows a winding diagram of another first partial coil. Figure 8 shows a winding diagram of another second partial coil. Figure 9 shows a winding diagram of another third partial coil. Figure 10 shows a stator with three further partial coils and their connection to each other and thus a second coil. Figure 11 shows a stator with two coils, each consisting of three sub-coils. Figure 12 shows a stator with two additional coils. Figure 13 shows a stator with two additional coils. Figure 14 shows a stator with six coils. Figure 15shows a winding diagram of a first coil. Figure 16 shows a winding diagram of a second coil. Figure 17 shows a vehicle with an electric machine, in particular an electric motor with a stator.

[0026] Figure 1 shows a stator 1 with a plurality of slots 5 in which pins 2, 3 are guided. The stator 1 has a first end face 7 and an opposite second end face 9. Of course, a rotor is also necessary for the operation of an electrical machine.

[0027] Figure 2 shows a stator 1 with slots and pins on six layers, with only eight slots 51 - 58 being shown. Pins 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, and 28 are arranged in the slots. The pins are located next to each other in a slot. In the example of the Figure 2There is room for six adjacent pins in a slot. The six pins within a slot are thus located on different concentric circles L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6 around the center point M of the stator, forming individual layers. Between each two slots there is a first distance 11, which is Figure 2 shown grooves are identical.

[0028] Figure 3 shows the stator 1 from Figure 2 . The pins are still arranged on concentric circles, i.e. layers, although the concentric circles are not shown for better visualization. Figure 3It is shown which pins are connected in series. A first pin 21 is located in a first groove 51 in layer L5. This first pin 21 is connected by means of a first connection type 61, shown as a solid line, to a second pin 22 in a second groove 52. The second pin 22 is located in layer L6. Between the first groove 51 and the second groove 52 there is a first distance 11 which is the same length as the first distance 11 from Figure 2 is.

[0029] The second pin 22 is connected to a third pin 23 in a third slot 71 by means of a second connection type 62, shown as a dashed line. The third pin 23 lies in layer L4. The third slot 71 is directly adjacent to the first slot 51. Between the third slot 71 and the second slot 52 there is a fourth distance 17, which is one slot longer than the first distance 11. The third pin 23 is connected to a fourth pin 24 via a third connection type 63, shown as a dotted line with very short distances. The fourth pin 24 lies in a fourth slot 72. The fourth pin 24 lies in layer L3. The fourth slot 72 is directly adjacent to the second slot 52. Between the fourth slot 72 and the first slot 51 there is a second distance 13, which is one slot shorter than the first distance 11 and two slots shorter than the fourth distance 17.

[0030] The fourth pin 24 is connected to a fifth pin 25 in the first slot 51 by means of a fourth connection type 64, shown as a dashed line with long spacing. The fifth pin 25 is in turn located in the first slot 51, i.e. in the same slot as the first pin 21. The fifth pin 25 is in layer L1. Between the first pin 21 and the fifth pin 25 in the first slot 51 there is therefore space for three further pins in layers L2 - L4. There is also space in the first slot 51 for one further pin in layer L6. The fifth pin 25 is connected to a sixth pin 26 by means of a fifth connection type 65, shown as a dotted line with long spacing. The sixth pin 26 is in the second slot 52, i.e. the same slot as the second pin 22. The sixth pin 26 is in layer L2. Between the second pin 22 and the sixth pin 26 there is still space in the second groove 52 for three more pins in the layers L3 - L5.There is also space in the second slot 52 for another pin in layer L1.

[0031] The connection of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth pins forms a first turn 41. The first pin 21 is also a first end pin. This end pin has an input 101 for connecting a power source, such as an inverter. The first end pin 21 is therefore only connected to one other pin, the second pin 22. The first end pin 21 can thus be configured as a so-called single pin or I pin.

[0032] The sixth pin 26 is connected via a sixth connection type 66, shown as a dotted line with short spacing, to a seventh pin 27 in layer L2 in a third slot 53. The seventh pin 27 begins the previously described serial connection of the subsequent pins in the stator again, with the seventh pin 27 being similar to the first pin 21, except that the slot is offset by 90 degrees. Unlike the first pin 21, the seventh pin 27 is not an end pin, as the seventh pin 27 is connected to two additional pins: the sixth pin 26 and another pin in slot 54, layer L6.

[0033] The serial connection of the seventh pin 27 with further pins in three further slots 54, 73 and 74 forms a second winding 42. The first, second, third, fourth and fifth connection types 61 - 65 between these pins are identical to the respective first, second, third, fourth and fifth connection types 61 - 65 of the pins of the first winding 41.

[0034] The two windings 41, 42 are connected by the sixth connection type 66. Continuing the serial connection, the third winding 43 is formed in four additional slots 55, 56, 75, and 76. The windings 41, 42, and 43 are each connected by the sixth connection type 66. The sixth connection type 66 between the respective windings is thus identical. The first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61-65 between the pins of the third winding 43 are also identical to the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61-65 of the first and second windings 41, 42.

[0035] By continuing the serial connection, the fourth winding 44 is formed in four additional slots 57, 58, 77, and 78. The windings 41, 42, 43, and 44 are each connected to the sixth connection type 66. The sixth connection type 66 between the respective windings is thus identical. The first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61-65 between the pins of the fourth winding 44 are also identical to the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61-65 of the first, second, and third windings 41, 42, and 43.

[0036] The four windings 41, 42, 43, 44 form a first partial coil by rotating counterclockwise around the stator 1. The first pin 21 also has an input 81 for connecting a power source. The first pin 21 of the winding 41 thus represents a first end pin. The partial coil ends with pin 28 of the fourth winding 44. The last pin 28 of the fourth winding 44 thus represents a second end pin. However, in contrast to the first end pin 21, the second end pin 28 has connections to two further pins, as described in connection with Figure 6 explained.

[0037] Figure 4 shows the stator 1 from Figure 3 , where eight further grooves 81 - 88 are shown, which are located in the immediate vicinity of the grooves 71 - 78 of Figure 3 Distances 11, 13, 17 have the same lengths as in Figure 3 on.

[0038] Pins 21a - 28a are connected in the same way as pins 21 - 28 of the Figure 3Even the connection type is identical to the Figure 3 and are indicated by the same reference numerals. In the same way as Figure 3 As described above, the windings 41a, 42a, 43a, 44a are formed and are connected to each other counterclockwise by the sixth connection type 66.

[0039] The four windings 41a, 42a, 43a, 44a form a second partial coil by circulating around the stator 1. The partial coil begins with a pin 21a, which is a third end pin. However, in contrast to the first end pin 21, the third end pin 21a has connections to two additional pins, as in connection with Figure 6 explained. The partial coil ends with pin 28a of winding 44a. The last pin 28a of winding 44a thus represents a fourth end pin.

[0040] Figure 5 shows the stator 1 from Figure 3 and 4, where eight further grooves 91 - 98 are shown, which are located in the immediate vicinity of the grooves 81 - 88 of Figure 4 Distances 11, 13, 17 have the same lengths as in Figure 3 on.

[0041] Pins 21b - 28b are connected in the same way as pins 21 - 28 of the Figure 3 and pins 21a - 28a of the Figure 4 Even the connection type is identical to the Figure 3 and 4 and are indicated by the same reference numerals. In the same way as Figure 3 and 4 As described above, the windings 41b, 42b, 43b, 44b are formed and are connected to each other counterclockwise by the sixth connection type 66.

[0042] The four windings 41b, 42b, 43b, 44b form a third partial coil by circulating around the stator 1. The partial coil begins with a pin 21b, which is a fifth end pin. However, in contrast to the first end pin 21, the fifth end pin 21b has connections to two further pins, as in connection with Figure 6 explained. The partial coil ends with pin 28b of winding 44b. The last pin 28b of winding 44b thus represents a sixth end pin. The sixth end pin 28b, in turn, is designed similarly to the first end pin, for example, as a single pin or I pin, and has an output 103 for connecting a power source.

[0043] Figure 6 shows a pin assignment through the first, second and third partial coil from Figure 3 , 4 and 5 , which are represented by black squares. The same reference numerals indicate the same pins, grooves, and connections in the figures.

[0044] The second end pin 28 of turn 44 of the first coil sub-coil in slot 58, layer L2, and the third end pin 21a of the first turn 41a of the second coil sub-coil in slot 71, layer L5, are connected to a seventh connection type 67. The seventh connection type overcomes a second distance 13. The fourth end pin 28a of turn 44a of the second coil sub-coil in slot 78, layer L2, and the fifth end pin 21b of the first turn 41b of the third coil sub-coil in slot 81, layer L5, are connected to a seventh connection type 67. The seventh connection type overcomes a second distance 13.

[0045] Thus, the seventh connection type 67 connects two partial coils each, with three partial coils forming a first coil 201 with an input 101 and an output 103 after three radial revolutions around the stator in a counterclockwise direction. A third distance 15 shown in the figure is three slots shorter than the first distance 11 from the previous figure. The blocks of the four adjacent slots occupied by the coil's pins are each spaced the third distance apart.

[0046] Figure 7 shows the stator 1 from Figure 2 The pins are still arranged on concentric circles, i.e., layers, although the concentric circles are not shown for clarity. It shows which pins, represented as black squares on a white background, are connected in series and form a first partial coil of a second coil 202.

[0047] A first pin 31 is located in the first groove 51 in layer L6. The first pin 31 is also a seventh end pin 31. This end pin 31 has an input 105 for connecting a power source, for example an inverter. The seventh end pin 31 is therefore only connected to one other pin, i.e. the seventh pin 37. The seventh end pin 31 can thus be designed as a so-called single pin or I pin. The first pin 31 is connected by means of the first connection type 61, shown as a solid line, to a seventh pin 37 in a groove 58. The seventh pin 37 is located in layer L5. Between the first groove 51 and the groove 58 there is a first distance 11, which is the same length as the first distance 11 from Figure 2 is.

[0048] The seventh pin 37 is connected to a sixth pin 36 in a slot 57 by means of a sixth connection type 66, shown as a dotted line with short spacing. The sixth pin 36 is located in layer L2. The sixth pin 36 is connected to a fifth pin 35 in slot 56 by means of a fifth connection type 65, shown as a dotted line with long spacing. The fifth pin 35 is located in layer L1. The fifth pin 35 is connected to a fourth pin 34 in a slot 77 by means of the fourth connection type 64, shown as a dashed line with long spacing. The second distance 13 is between the slot 77 and the slot 56.

[0049] The fourth pin 34 is connected to a third pin 33 via the third connection type 63, shown as a dotted line with very short spacing. The third pin 33 is located in slot 76. The third pin 33 is in layer L4. Slot 76 is directly adjacent to slot 56. The third pin 33 is connected to a second pin 32 in slot 57 via the second connection type 62, shown as a dashed line. The second pin 32 is in layer L6. The second pin 32 is in slot 57, the same slot as the sixth pin 36. The sixth pin 36 is in layer L2. Between the second pin 32 and the sixth pin 36 there is therefore still space in slot 57 for three more pins in layers L3 - L5. There is also still space in slot 57 for another pin in layer L1.

[0050] The second pin 32 is connected via the first connection type 61, shown as a solid line, to a ninth pin 39 in slot 56. The ninth pin 39 is located in layer L4. The ninth pin 39 is in turn located in slot 56, i.e., in the same slot as the fifth pin 35. The fifth pin 35 is located in layer L1. Between the ninth pin 39 and the fifth pin 35 in slot 56, there is therefore space for three more pins in layers L2 - L4. Furthermore, there is space in slot 56 for another pin in layer L6.

[0051] The connection of the second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and ninth pins forms a fifth turn 45.

[0052] The ninth pin 39 is connected to a tenth pin 36(2) via the fifth connection type 65, shown as a dotted line with long spacing. The tenth pin 36(2) is located in slot 55 in layer L2. With the tenth pin 36(2), the previously described serial connection of the subsequent pins in the stator begins again, with the tenth pin 36(2) being similar to the sixth pin 36, except that the slot is offset by 90 degrees.

[0053] The serial connection of the tenth pin 36(2) with further pins in three further slots 54, 75 and 74 forms a sixth turn 46. The first, second, third, fourth and fifth connection types 61 - 65 between these pins are identical to the respective first, second, third, fourth and fifth connection types 61 - 65 of the pins of the first to fifth turns 41 - 45.

[0054] The two windings 45, 46 are connected by the sixth connection type 66. Continuing the serial connection, the seventh winding 47 is formed in four additional slots 53, 52, 73, and 72. The windings 45-47 are each connected by the sixth connection type 66. The sixth connection type 66 between the respective windings is thus identical. The first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61-65 between the pins of the seventh winding 47 are also identical to the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61-65 of the previous windings 41-46.

[0055] By continuing the serial connection, the eighth turn 48 is formed in four additional slots 51, 58, 71, and 78. Turns 45, 46, 47, and 48 are each connected to the sixth connection type 66. The sixth connection type 66 between the respective turns is thus identical. The first, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61, 63-65 between the pins of the eighth turn 48 are also identical to the first, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61, 63-65 of the previous turns 41-47. Furthermore, the eighth turn 48 has two end pins 31, 38.

[0056] The four windings 45-48 form a first partial coil by rotating clockwise around the stator 1. The first partial coil of the second coil 202 ends with an eighth end pin 38.

[0057] Figure 8 shows the stator 1 from Figure 7 , where eight further grooves 81 - 88 are shown, which are located in the immediate vicinity of the grooves 71 - 78 of Figure 7Distances 11, 13, and 17 have the same length as in the previous figures.

[0058] Pins 31a - 38a are connected in the same way as pins 31 - 38 of the Figure 7 Even the type of connection is identical to the previous figures and is indicated by the same reference numerals. In the same way as with Figure 7 As described above, the windings 45a, 46a, 47a, 46a are formed and are connected to each other in a clockwise direction by the sixth connection type 66.

[0059] The four windings 45a, 46a, 47a, 48a form a second partial coil by circulating around the stator 1. The partial coil begins with a pin 31a, which is a ninth end pin. However, the ninth end pin 31a, in contrast to the seventh end pin 31, has connections to two further pins, as in connection with Figure 10explained. The partial coil ends with pin 38a of winding 48a. Pin 38a of winding 48a thus represents a tenth end pin 38a. Furthermore, the eighth winding 48a has two end pins 31a, 38a.

[0060] Figure 9 shows the stator 1 from Figure 7 and 8 , where eight further grooves 91 - 98 are shown, which are located in the immediate vicinity of the grooves 81 - 88 of Figure 7 Distances 11, 13, and 17 have the same lengths as in the previous figures.

[0061] Pins 31b - 38b are connected in the same way as pins 31 - 38 of the Figure 7 and pins 31a - 38a of the Figure 8 Even the type of connection is identical to the previous figures and is indicated by the same reference numerals. In the same way as with Figure 7 and 8 As described above, the windings 45b, 46b, 47b, 48b are formed and are connected to each other in a clockwise direction by the sixth connection type 66.

[0062] The four windings 45b, 46b, 47b, 48b form a third partial coil by circulating around the stator 1. The partial coil begins with a pin 31b, which is an eleventh end pin. However, the eleventh end pin 31b, in contrast to the seventh end pin 31, has connections to two further pins, as in connection with Figure 10 explained. The partial coil ends with pin 38b of winding 48b. Pin 38b of winding 48b thus represents a twelfth end pin. The twelfth end pin 38b, in turn, is designed similarly to the seventh end pin, for example, as a single pin or I pin, and has an output 107 for connecting a power source.

[0063] Figure 10 shows a pin assignment through the first, second and third partial coil of the second coil 202 from Figure 7 , 8 and 9 , represented by black squares on a white background. The same reference numerals indicate the same pins, grooves, and connections in the figures.

[0064] The eighth end pin 38 of the eighth turn 48 of the first partial coil in slot 78, layer L4, and the ninth end pin 31a of the fifth turn 45a of the second partial coil in slot 71, layer L6, are connected to an eighth connection type 68. The eighth connection type overcomes a first distance 11. The tenth end pin 38a of the fifth turn 45a of the second partial coil in slot 88, layer L2, and the eleventh end pin 31b of the fifth turn 45b of the third partial coil in slot 81, layer L6, are connected to an eighth connection type 68. The seventh connection type overcomes a first distance 11.

[0065] Thus, the eighth connection type 68 connects two partial coils each, with three partial coils forming a second coil 202 with an input 105 and an output 107 after three radial revolutions around the stator in a clockwise direction. A third distance 15 shown in the figure is three slots shorter than the first distance 11 from the previous figure. The blocks of the four adjacent slots occupied by the coil's pins are each spaced the third distance apart.

[0066] Figure 11 shows a pin assignment through the first coil 201 from Figure 6 , which are represented by black squares. The same reference numerals denote the same pins, grooves, and connections in the figures. Furthermore, the second coil 202 is Figure 10represented as black squares on a white background, located in the same slots but different layers. The sub-coils of the two coils are connected with the seventh connection type 67 (first coil) or the eighth connection type 68 (second coil).

[0067] Figure 12 shows two additional coils, each formed by pins with a black dot and a white dot. The three sub-coils of the coil with the pins with white dots are connected according to the description of the Figure 3 - 6 formed, with the grooves offset by 30 degrees counterclockwise. The three sub-coils of the coil with the pins with black dots are connected according to the Figure 7 - 10 formed, with the grooves offset by 30 degrees counterclockwise.

[0068] Figure 13shows two additional coils, each formed by pins with a black cross and a white cross, respectively. The three sub-coils of the coil with the pins with white cross are connected according to the description of the Figure 3 - 6 formed, with the grooves offset by 60 degrees counterclockwise. The three sub-coils of the coil with the pins with black cross are connected according to the Figure 7 - 10 formed, with the grooves offset by 60 degrees counterclockwise.

[0069] Figure 14 shows a pinout through the six coils as a combination of the Figure 10 , 11 and 12. In particular, the position of the inputs 101, 105, 111, 115, 121, 125 and outputs 103, 107, 113, 117, 123, 127 shows that the coils can be interconnected within 25 slots. For the exemplary stator with 72 slots, the inputs and outputs can thus be interconnected within almost one-third of the stator circumference. Based purely on the inputs and outputs, separate interconnection would be possible within 13 slots.

[0070] Figure 15 shows the winding pattern of the three sub-coils of the first coil 201. The consecutive "slot number" is not a reference symbol. The reference symbols with arrows on the slots are identical to the previous figures and allow for comparison with these figures.

[0071] Figure 16shows the winding pattern of the three sub-coils of the second coil 202. The consecutive "slot number" is not a reference symbol. The reference symbols with arrows on the slots are identical to the previous figures and allow for comparison with these figures.

[0072] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a vehicle 403, for example a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, comprising an electric machine 401, in particular an electric motor, with an embodiment of the stator 1 for driving the vehicle 403. Furthermore, the vehicle 403 can have an inverter 405, which supplies the electric machine 401 with an alternating current from a direct current source. List of reference symbols

[0073] 1Stator 2, 3, 21-38bPin 5, 51 - 58, 71 - 78Slot 81 - 88, 91 - 96Slot 7First end face 9Second end face 11First distance 13Second distance 15Third distance 21First end pin 28Second end pin 21aThird end pin 28Avenged end pin 21bFifth end pin 28bSixth end pin 31Seventh end pin 38Eighth end pin 31ALower end pin 38aTenth end pin 31Avenged end pin 38bTwelfth end pin 41 - 48, 41a - 48a, 41b - 48bWinding 61First connection type 62Second connection type 63Third connection type 64Fourth connection type 65Fifth connection type 66Sixth connection type 67Seventh connection type 68Eighth connection type 101, 105, 111, 115, 121, 125Input 103, 107, 113, 117, 123, 127Output 201First coil 202Second coil 401Electric machine 403Vehicle 405Inverter L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6Layer MStator center point

Claims

1. Stator (1) for an electric machine (100), comprising a first end face (7), an opposite second end face (9) a multiplicity of pins (21-27), which are arranged in concentric circles at different distances from a stator centre point (M) in slots (51-58, 71-78) in the stator, wherein each concentric circle forms a layer (L1-L6); wherein - the stator (1) has a multiplicity of turns (41, 42), which extend over the entire circumference of the stator (1) and thereby form a part-coil; - in each case six pins (21-27) in different layers (L1-L6) are connected to one another in series and form a turn (41-44), - a first pin (21) of the first turn (41) is located in a first slot (51, 53, 55, 57) in the fifth layer (L5); - a second pin (22) of the first turn (41) is located in a second slot (52, 54, 56, 58) in the sixth layer (L6) and is connected to the first pin (21) on the second end face (9) by means of a first type of connection (61), wherein the second slot (52, 54, 56, 58) is at a first radial distance (11) from the first slot (51, 53, 55, 57) in a first circumferential direction of the stator (1); - a third pin (23) of the first turn (41) is located in a third slot (71, 73, 75, 77) in the fourth layer (L4) and is connected to the second pin (22) by means of a second type of connection (62); - a fourth pin (24) of the first turn (41) is located in a fourth slot (72, 74, 76, 78) in the third layer (L3) and is connected to the third pin (23) on the second end face (9) by means of a third type of connection (63), wherein the third slot (71, 73, 75, 77) is at a first distance from the fourth slot, this first distance being equal to the first distance (11) between the second slot (52, 54, 56, 58) and the first slot (51, 53, 55, 57), and in the circumferential direction is situated on the same neighbouring side with respect to the first slot (51, 53, 55, 57) as the fourth slot (72, 74, 76, 78) with respect to the second slot (52, 54, 56, 58); - a fifth pin (25) of the first turn (41) is located in the first slot (51, 53, 55, 57) in the first layer (L1) and connected to one another to the fourth pin (24) by means of a fourth type of connection (64); - a sixth pin (26) of the first turn (41) is located in the second slot (52, 54, 56, 58) in the second layer (L2) and is connected to the fifth pin (25) on the second end face by means of a fifth type of connection (65); - a seventh pin (27) of the second turn (42) is located in a further slot (53) in the fifth layer (L5) and is connected to the sixth pin (26) by means of a sixth type of connection (66); - wherein the same first distance (11) as between the second slot and the first slot is present between the further slot (53) and the second slot (52, 54, 56, 58); - the series connection of the pins following in the stator (1) begins again with the seventh pin (27); - the first, the second, the third, the fourth and the fifth type of connection (61, 62, 63, 64, 65) differ from one another.

2. Stator (1) according to Claim 1, wherein three part-coils are provided, which are connected to one another by means of a seventh type of connection (67) or an eighth type of connection (68) and form a coil (201, 202).

3. Stator (1) according to Claim 2, wherein the stator (1) has three phases, wherein in each case two coils (201, 202) are assigned to one of the three phases in such a way that in each case two coils, which are assigned to the same phase, are located in four adjacent slots (51-58, 71-98).

4. Stator (1) according to Claim 3, wherein a respective input (101, 105, 111, 115, 121, 125) of an end pin (21, 31) of two coils (201, 202) are connected to one another by means of a ninth type of connection.

5. Stator (1) according to Claim 4, wherein a respective output (103, 107, 113, 117, 123, 127) of an end pin (28b, 38b) of the two coils (201, 202) are connected to one another and the two coils (201, 202) are assigned in a manner connected in parallel as a result.

6. Vehicle (403) having an electric machine (401) with a stator (1) according to any of the preceding claims.