PERSONALIZATION OF A MULTIPLE SECURITY ELEMENTS

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a method for personalizing an identification, valuable or security document, a personalized identification, valuable or security document, a personalization device for personalizing an identification, valuable or security document, a method for checking a personalization of an identification, valuable or security document and a checking device for checking a personalization of an identification, valuable or security document.

[0002] Identification, valuables, or security documents are assigned to a specific person, for example, through personalization and, in the case of an identification document, are intended to authenticate or identify that person. Based on this assignment, the person can use the personalized identification, valuables, or security document, for example, to prove their identity, access authorization, usage authorization, and / or transaction authorization. Identification, valuables, or security documents are subject to the risk of manipulation, such as imitation, duplication, and / or falsification. A key challenge for an identification, valuables, or security document is therefore protection against such manipulation.

[0003] US 2012 / 091704 A1 describes a security feature with a security pattern for identification documents. The identification document comprises at least two build-up layers, a first coating within the document between two build-up layers, wherein the coating is detectable under predetermined illumination conditions. It further comprises an arrangement of microholes through at least one of the layers to enable the first coating to be detected under the predetermined conditions, wherein the arrangement of microholes, together with the coating detectable by the microholes, forms the security pattern.

[0004] WO 2011 / 161114 A1 describes a method and a device for producing a security document, as well as a security document itself. Holes are made on the surface of a security document substrate, and an ink is applied into these holes. The ink comprises colorants that diffuse into the substrate. The ink applied by printing is applied deeper into the document than ink merely printed on the surface and is thus better protected against falsification and / or damage during use.

[0005] WO 2012 / 046213 A1 describes a security structure comprising: a first set of micro-perforations, each forming a single first angle to the normal of the structure and defining a first pattern visible when viewed in an observation direction coincident with the axis of the micro-perforations of the first set; and a second set of micro-perforations, each forming a single second angle to the normal of the structure, different from the first angle, the second set defining a second pattern visible when viewed in an observation direction coincident with the axis of the micro-perforations of the second set.

[0006] WO 2019 / 034398 A1 describes a document, a method for producing a document, and a device for carrying out the method. The document, in particular a banknote, an identification document, a visa, or a security, comprises a carrier substrate and a decorative layer. The single-layer or multi-layer carrier substrate has a top side and a bottom side, and the decorative layer is applied to the top side of the carrier substrate. At least one layer of the carrier substrate is perforated in one or more first regions by means of a laser such that the decorative layer is visible in the one or more first regions when viewing the document from the bottom side of the carrier substrate.

[0007] The invention is based on the object of creating an improved method for personalizing identification, valuables or security documents.

[0008] The object underlying the invention is achieved by the features of the independent patent claims. Embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent patent claims.

[0009] Embodiments include a method for personalizing an identification, value or security document as defined in claim 1.

[0010] An "identification, valuables, or security document" is defined below as a paper and / or plastic-based document on or in which person-specific and / or document-type-specific information is incorporated in an optically and / or electronically readable manner, enabling identification of the user or the document, for example, for the authorization of certain services or functions. This includes, for example, identification documents, in particular passports, identity cards, visas, driver's licenses, vehicle registration documents, vehicle registration documents, company ID cards, health cards, or other ID documents, as well as chip cards, means of payment, in particular bank cards, credit cards, waybills, or other proof of authorization. Valuable documents can also include, in particular, securities or vouchers. A document can also be, for example, an access card.

[0011] The composite body comprises a plurality of material layers, which, for example, are provided in the form of material sheets and bonded to form a card-shaped body using a lamination process. Materials used for the material layers can include, for example, paper, cardboard, plastics, and / or metal foils. A material sheet can also comprise combinations of these materials. For example, one or more of the material layers are laminateable material layers, preferably made of thermoplastic. Individual material layers that are not made of laminateable material are arranged, for example, between laminateable material layers.Examples of materials that comprise laminateable material layers are polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyesters, for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyolefins, for example, polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), polyurethane (PU), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and other thermoplastically processable materials, as well as composite materials, plastic-laminated, paper-like materials such as Teslin, and others. PC, for example, is particularly preferred. The aforementioned materials can also be combined in the material layers.

[0012] During a lamination process, the material sheets are arranged on top of one another and subjected to pressure and heat. When the glass transition temperature is exceeded, the material sheets soften at their interfaces and bond with one another, resulting in a material-tight connection between the material sheets. The material sheets bonded in this way form a composite body with a plurality of material layers in the form of the material sheets. If individual material layers are made from the same polymer, a composite body that is at least partially monolithic can be produced. In such a section, the original boundaries between the individual material sheets or material layers can no longer be determined due to the polymer structure, and delamination is effectively hindered and / or prevented.

[0013] According to embodiments, the identification, valuables, or security document can also be a book-shaped document. The card-shaped composite body or the blank comprising the card-shaped composite body can be intended for the production of a data card, i.e., a paper- and / or plastic-based card that is arranged in a book block of a book-shaped identification, valuables, or security document and on or into which document-specific, in particular person-specific, information is optically readable, enabling authentication and / or identification of a user of the document or the document itself, for example, for the authorization of certain services or functions.

[0014] An identification, valuables, or security document may further comprise one or more electronic elements, i.e., it may also be configured as a portable electronic device having at least one processor, a data memory for storing document-specific data, such as one or more attributes assigned to the document holder, and a communications interface for reading the document-specific data. The memory may, for example, be comprised by the processor or provided in addition to it. Preferably, the document has a secure memory area for storing at least parts of the document-specific data, in particular attributes of the document holder, in order to prevent the data stored in the secure memory area from being altered in an unauthorized manner or read without the necessary authorization.The memory provides, for example, cryptographic methods and / or cryptographic keys for executing cryptographically secured data communication by the processor via the communication interface. For example, one or more of the material layers of the composite body comprise the electronic components, such as the processor, the data memory, the communication interface, such as an antenna. Furthermore, material layers can comprise electronic components such as a display, an input device, and / or sensors.

[0015] A "security element" is an element that includes a security feature that makes manipulation of the identification, valuables, or security document difficult and / or impossible, for example through imitation, duplication, and / or falsification. A security element is, for example, a physical embodiment of a security feature. An identification, valuables, or security document, and thus the document-specific information provided by the document, can be verified based on the presence, authenticity, and / or integrity of the security features provided by its security elements.

[0016] Examples of security features include optical security features, i.e. security features that can be verified using optical testing methods. Security features include, for example: a photograph, i.e. a photographically realistic reproduction of a portrait of the holder of an identification, valuables or security document; a guilloche, i.e. an ornament made up of several intertwined and overlapping lines, where the individual lines are, for example, cord-like, often asymmetrical, closed ellipses or circular paths that form wave and loop patterns printed on top of each other in different colours; micro-font, i.e. printed or embossed font in a size, e.g. with a font height of less than 0.3 millimetres, which is barely legible to the naked eye but requires technical aids for magnification, such as a magnifying glass;a metameric system, i.e. colour combinations which, despite different spectral compositions, evoke the same colour impression in the observer, but are differentiated, for example, by changing the type of light with which they are irradiated, resulting in a different colour impression; a print with fluorescent, phosphorescent and / or photon high-conversion colours; a print with an infrared colour which is only visible under infrared radiation; a print with optically variable colours (OVI - Optical Variable Ink), where the colour impression changes depending on the viewing angle because the light is refracted, scattered or reflected by the colour pigments; an optically variable feature (OVD - Optical Variable Device), such as a hologram or a kinegram, a watermarka register print, in which different patterns or symbols are printed on top of or next to each other in such a way that together they form a specific image and even the smallest deviations in position, ie so-called registration inaccuracies, are easily detected with the naked eye, for example a see-through register; mottled fibers which glow in different colors under UV light; a security thread and / or security patch, a printing element with a tilt effect.;

[0017] "Personalization information" is understood to mean information assigned to the holder of the identification, valuables, or security document, the inclusion of which in the identification, valuables, or security document assigns the corresponding document to the corresponding holder, for example, name, address, date of birth, ID number. The personalization information comprises, for example, an alphanumeric character string. For example, the personalization information comprises a Machine Readable Zone (MRZ) as specified by the ICAO. Depending on the embodiment, the security elements can contain additional personalization information. For example, one or more of the security elements can already be pre-personalized, regardless of the material removal. For example, they can comprise printed text with personalization information.

[0018] Embodiments can have the advantage that the security of personalization information incorporated into the ID, valuables, or security document can be increased. The personalization information is incorporated into the composite body by means of the abrasive processing method in the form of material removal or the removal of material from the composite body. For this purpose, for example, material is removed from the surface of the composite body in a form that corresponds to the personalization information to be incorporated. For example, the contours of the material removal correspond to the corresponding personalization information. For example, the contours represent an alphanumeric character string. According to embodiments, the personalization information is incorporated into the ID, valuables, or security document as a negative by means of the material removal, i.e.The personalization information is formed from the missing material sections. To introduce an "X" character, for example, material in the shape of the "X" character is removed. The missing material can, for example, be visually, haptically, and / or forensically detectable. According to a further embodiment, the personalization information is introduced into the identification, valuables, or security document as a positive by means of material removal, i.e., the material removal occurs in such a way that material around the personalization information to be reproduced is removed. Thus, the personalization information is formed from remaining material sections. To introduce an "X" character, for example, material along the outer contours of the "X" character is removed, leaving material in the shape of the "X" character.

[0019] Embodiments can have the advantage that the personalization information is incorporated into at least two security elements, through which the material removal extends. Thus, each of the two security elements comprises a copy of the personalization information. Since the corresponding personalization information is incorporated into the security elements in the form of a generally irreversible change, namely a material removal, manipulation of the identification, valuables, or security document that requires a change to the personalization information would require replacing both security elements. Since the corresponding security elements are components of different material levels of the composite body, this would generally not be possible without damaging the identification, valuables, or security document.For example, the material layers of the composite body are bonded together in such a way, such as by lamination, that the material layers cannot be separated non-destructively. In addition, security elements are designed to be extremely difficult to manufacture in order to make imitation, duplication, and / or counterfeiting as difficult and / or impossible as possible.

[0020] A further advantage is the joint personalisation of both security elements. This can, for example, ensure that the personalisation information is inserted congruently. The corresponding personalisation information is thus contained in security elements of different material layers, with the personalisation information of the individual security elements being arranged exactly one above the other, i.e. congruently. Congruent insertion means insertion in which the copies of the personalisation information inserted in different security elements are the same in shape and size and are arranged one above the other in such a way that they exactly overlap, i.e. that, for example, when viewed vertically from above onto a surface of the identification, valuables or security document, the contours of the copies coincide exactly.For example, by means of material removal, multiple copies of personalization information can be incorporated into a plurality of material layers, in particular into a plurality of security elements, of the identification, valuables, or security document in a single production step. A plurality of copies of the personalization information is to be understood here as meaning that the material removal extends through multiple material layers and multiple security elements, with the missing material in each material layer and / or in each security element forming a copy of the personalization information in the form of a negative of the personalization information. Alternatively, the copies of the personalization information can also be introduced in the form of a positive, with the missing material in each material layer and / or in each security element forming contours of the personalization information.In this case, the personalization information itself is formed from the remaining material.

[0021] According to embodiments, the two security elements each comprise at least one security feature. These two security features are two different security features that are visible using different verification methods.

[0022] A "verification method" is understood to be a method by which a security feature is verified, i.e., checked for its validity. A verification method can comprise a reproduction, i.e., a visualization, of the security feature for the purpose of its verification. For example, a test criterion for verifying the security feature can be that it becomes visible under predetermined visualization parameters. For example, a corresponding security feature is only visible under these predetermined visualization parameters. During the verification method, the presence of the security feature and its properties, such as its authenticity and / or integrity, are checked. A verification method is, for example, a method by which an optical security feature can be made visible.For example, the verification method may comprise irradiation with light of a specific wavelength and / or wavelength range, at a specific angle relative to the security element and / or at a sequence of different angles relative to the security element, allowing characteristic properties of the security element to be tested. These properties include, for example, reflection, absorption, and / or transmission properties.

[0023] Embodiments can have the advantage that the different security features, each of which is visible using different verification methods, and thus also the copies of the personalization information incorporated into the corresponding security features, are each visible using different verification methods. Thus, the presence of the individual copies and / or their properties can be individually checked using different verification methods. For example, the first security element is a hologram, such as a photograph of the holder of the identification, valuables, or security document. This hologram is visible, for example, by irradiation with visible light at a specific angle relative to the surface of the hologram or of the identification, valuables, or security document.If irradiation with light in the visible spectrum at the appropriate angle is used as the verification method, the hologram is visible, as is the copy of the personalization information incorporated into the hologram as a negative and / or positive by material ablation. The second security element can, for example, be a color, photographically realistic reproduction of the photograph of the holder of the ID, valuables, or security document, which is visible at any angle of incidence with sufficient irradiation with light in the visible spectrum.If the verification method used is irradiation with light in the visible spectrum at an angle at which the first security element in the form of the hologram is not visible, only the colour reproduction of the holder's photograph is visible and, with it, the personalisation information incorporated into the photograph by means of missing image sections.

[0024] According to embodiments, the different verification methods comprise at least two of the following different verification methods: irradiation with light in the visible spectrum, transmitted light irradiation in the visible spectrum, side light irradiation in the visible spectrum, irradiation with UV light, irradiation with IR light.

[0025] With side light irradiation, the surface of the ID card, valuables or security document is irradiated and viewed at a non-right angle. With transmitted light irradiation, the ID card, valuables or security document is irradiated from the back while the corresponding ID card, valuables or security document is viewed from the front. If the material removal extends deep enough into the composite body of the ID card, valuables or security document, some of the light in the area of ​​the material removal can pass through by transmission due to the lower thickness and / or material properties of the remaining material layers, while the light in the other areas of the composite body in which no material has been removed cannot pass through due to the remaining material layers, e.g. their thickness and / or material properties.Thus, the personalization information becomes visible in transmitted light due to the light passing through the material removal. Depending on the design, irradiation with UV or IR light can also be achieved in the form of transmitted light or sidelight irradiation.

[0026] According to embodiments, the material removal extends from the surface of the composite body through a number of material layers that is fewer than the plurality of material layers comprised by the composite body. Embodiments can have the advantage that the material removal extends only through a predefined number of material layers, which can place increased demands on the precision of the abrasive processing method. This can make counterfeiting of personalization information more difficult.

[0027] According to some embodiments, the material removal extends from the surface of the composite body through all material layers of the composite body. Some embodiments may have the advantage that the material removal involves a complete perforation of the composite body, and the corresponding personalization information is thus found in all material layers of the composite body.

[0028] According to embodiments, the composite body comprises more than two security elements arranged one above the other so that they at least partially overlap. The material removal extends through the more than two security elements. Embodiments can have the advantage that the corresponding personalization information can be incorporated into more than two security features. This can further increase the security of the identification, valuables, or security document.

[0029] According to embodiments, more than two security elements each comprise at least one security feature. The more than two security features are each different security features that are visible using different verification methods. Embodiments can have the advantage that copies of the personalization information in the different security elements can be made visible using more than two different verification methods.

[0030] Depending on the design, material removal is carried out using an abrasive machining process starting from the surface of the composite body. Depending on the design, material removal is carried out in a continuous machining process.

[0031] Embodiments can have the advantage of enabling effective and efficient incorporation of the personalization information. If the incorporation takes place in a continuous processing step, this can not only shorten the required processing time but also lead to a high degree of precision in the congruence of the incorporated personalization information in the different material layers. Thus, the congruence can be implemented, for example, with zero tolerance.

[0032] According to embodiments, the abrasive machining method comprises ablating material using a laser. Embodiments can have the advantage that material can be ablated or removed efficiently and effectively using a laser. By irradiating it with a laser, the material in question is, for example, vaporized and thereby removed. Depending on the material, a liquid and / or gaseous phase of the material is removed. The laser can, for example, be a pulsed laser. The pulsed laser can be a picosecond, femtosecond, or attosecond laser with pulse durations in the order of picoseconds, femtoseconds, or attoseconds, respectively. Using short, intense pulses, the material can be removed with almost no heat-affected zone or melt. By adjusting the applied energy, the depth to which material is removed can be adjusted, for example.This allows for precise determination of how many material layers, and thus how many security elements, the material removal should pass through. The laser can be a gas laser, such as a CO2 laser, a dye laser, such as a liquid dye solution, or a solid-state laser, such as a ruby ​​crystal or semiconductor material.

[0033] According to embodiments, the abrasive machining method comprises removing material using a cutting tool. According to embodiments, the material is removed using a preferably milling tool. Embodiments can have the advantage of enabling effective and efficient material removal. For example, the machining can be a milling method in which material is removed by cutting using a milling tool.

[0034] Depending on the embodiment, the security elements are security elements from the following group: a holographic security element, a metallized security element, a colored security element, or a fluorescent security element. Embodiments may have the advantage that copies of the personalization information can be incorporated into a variety of security element types.

[0035] According to embodiments, the material removal provides a further security feature that is visible using a further verification method.

[0036] Embodiments can have the advantage that the security feature itself can be used to implement reproduction by means of a further verification method. For example, this further verification method can be the use of transmitted light as already described. For example, when the identification, value or security document is irradiated with transmitted light, no light passes through the composite body, i.e. the composite body is opaque to transmitted light, which is why none of the security features of the composite body are visible. If the material removal extends sufficiently deep into the composite body, at least some transmitted light can pass through the area of ​​the material removal, which is at least partially transparent to transmitted light, whereby only the personalization information becomes visible.Another example involves introducing material into the material removal that is visible through a further verification method. For example, this could be a fluorescent material, such as a fluorescent lacquer to seal the material removal. Another example involves material removal through a polycarbonate layer of the composite body. It has been shown that when material is removed through a polycarbonate layer, the contours of the material removal in the polycarbonate layer are visible under UV light.

[0037] Depending on the embodiment, the material removal provides a haptic security feature. The material removal can, for example, be tactile. For example, material removal can be tactilely perceptible at a removal depth of just 10 to 30 µm from the surface of the ID, valuables, or security document.

[0038] According to embodiments, the method further comprises at least partially filling the removed material with a filler material. Embodiments can have the advantage that filling the removed material can increase the security of the identification, valuables, or security document. Filling the removed material can prevent the inner material layers of the composite body from becoming accessible from the outside.

[0039] According to embodiments, the method comprises complete filling in the form of sealing the material removal with the filler material. Preventing access to inner material layers along the edges of the composite body can be achieved, for example, by a suitable manufacturing process for the composite body, such as lamination with cutting by ultrasonic cutting. Ultrasonic cutting can result in the material layers in the edge region of the composite body fusing and thus sealing. If the composite body is additionally personalized by material removal, it can be advantageous to also seal these new access points to inner material layers.

[0040] According to embodiments, filling comprises filling with a fluorescent material as the filler material. Embodiments can have the advantage that, by filling with a fluorescent material, the filling itself is visible under UV light. Thus, for example, not only are a plurality of copies of the personalization information in the form of negatives created in the individual material layers and / or security elements, but also a positive copy of the personalization information in the form of the fluorescent material is introduced into the composite body. The individual copies of the personalization information, both negative and positive, can each be individually made visible, for example, using different verification methods.

[0041] Embodiments include a personalization device as defined in claim 12 for personalizing an identification, value or security document.

[0042] According to embodiments, the personalization device is configured to carry out each of the previously described embodiments of the personalization method.

[0043] Embodiments include an identification, value or security document as defined in claim 13.

[0044] According to embodiments, the identification, value or security document can be personalized using any of the previously described embodiments.

[0045] Embodiments include a method defined in claim 14 for checking a personalization of an identification, value or security document.

[0046] The method comprises providing the identification, value or security document, and checking whether personalization information is incorporated congruently in at least two security elements of at least two material layers of a composite body of the identification, value or security document in the form of a material removal, wherein the material removal extends from a surface of the composite body through both security elements.

[0047] The method comprises, for example, using different verification methods to check the first and second security features.

[0048] Embodiments include a testing device defined in claim 15 for testing a personalization of an identification, value or security document.

[0049] According to embodiments, the testing device is configured to carry out different verification methods for testing the first and second security features. For example, the testing device comprises a plurality of emitters, e.g., two, each configured to emit light in different spectral ranges. Alternatively, the testing device may comprise one emitter configured to selectively emit light in different spectral ranges. According to embodiments, the testing device comprises a plurality of test sensors, e.g., two, each configured to detect light in different spectral ranges. Alternatively, the testing device may comprise one test sensor configured to detect light in different spectral ranges, such as the visible spectrum, UV light, and / or IR light.

[0050] Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. They show: Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary identification, value or security document, Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a cross section of a blank for an exemplary identification, value or security document, Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of two security elements with incorporated personalization information, Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of a cross section through a first embodiment of the Figure 3 , Figure 5 a schematic diagram of an exemplary cross-section through a second embodiment of the Figure 3, Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary identification, valuable or security document under incident light, Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary identification, valuable or security document under side light, Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary identification, valuable or security document under transmitted light, Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary identification, valuable or security document under UV light, Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of a first exemplary personalization device for personalizing an identification, valuable or security document, Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of a second exemplary personalization device for personalizing an identification, valuable or security document, Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary testing device for testing a personalization of an identification, valuable or security document,Figure 13 shows a flowchart of an exemplary method for personalizing a valuable or security document, and Figure 14 shows a flowchart of an exemplary method for verifying a personalization of an identification, valuable or security document.

[0051] Elements of the following embodiments that correspond to one another are identified by the same reference numerals.

[0052] Figure 1shows an exemplary document 100, i.e. an identification, valuables or security document, which comprises a composite body 101 with a first security element 102 and a second security element 104. In a plan view perpendicular to a surface of the document 100, the two security elements 102, 104 overlap in an overlap region 106. The two security elements 102, 104 are security elements which are encompassed by different material layers of the document 100. In the overlap region 106, a material removal 110 is introduced by means of an abrasive processing method, which forms personalization information in the form of a negative which extends through a plurality of material layers of the document 100. Alternatively, the personalization information can also be introduced into the security elements 102, 104 as a positive by means of the material removal 110.The material removal forming the personalization information 110 extends through both the first security element 102 and the second security element 104. If the individual security elements 102, 104 are each made individually visible, for example, by irradiation with light in the visible spectrum, UV light, or IR light, the individual security elements 102, 104 each comprise the personalization information 110 as a negative and / or positive. The security document comprises, for example, further information and / or elements 112, which are components of further material layers of the document 100. These can be, for example, further personalization information and / or security elements.Furthermore, the document 100 may, for example, also comprise a chip which is arranged in the document 100 and provides personalization information which can be read out by means of a cryptographic method.

[0053] Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a cross section through a blank 115 of the document 100 of the Figure 1, i.e. through the composite body 101 before personalization or without material removal 110. The composite body 101 comprises a plurality of material layers 114.1-4, which are connected to the composite body 101, for example by lamination. The material layer 114.2 comprises the first security element 102, while the material layer 114.3 comprises the second security element 102. The two security elements 102, 104 are arranged one above the other and overlap in the overlap region 106. Furthermore, the composite body 101 has two opposing surfaces 108, 118. The number of material layers 114.1-4 shown is merely an example. One or more additional material layers can be arranged above and / or below the material layers 114.2, 114.3 with the security elements 102, 104. These additional material layers may, according to embodiments, comprise one or more additional security elements.

[0054] Figure 3 shows an excerpt from document 100 of the Figure 1 , which comprises two security elements 102, 104, each arranged in a different material layer 114.1-4. In the overlap region 106, the personalization information is introduced in the form of a material removal 110 by means of an abrasive processing method. The material removal 110 has the form of an alphanumeric character string. Starting from the surface 108 of the document 100, the material removal 110 extends through a plurality of material layers 114.1-3 of the document 100. In particular, the material removal 110 extends through the first and second security elements 102, 104. Thus, each of the security elements 102, 104 comprises a copy of the personalization information in the form of a negative. Alternatively, the personalization information can also be introduced into the security elements 102, 104 as a positive.

[0055] Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of a cross section through the representation according to Figure 3 along the line AA. The cross section of the composite body 101 of the document 100 comprises a plurality of material layers 114.1-4. A material layer 114.3 comprises the second security element 104. Another material layer 114.2 comprises the first security element 102. In the illustration according to Figure 4The security elements are arranged in adjacent material layers. According to alternative embodiments, one or more further material layers can be arranged between the material layer 114.2 and the material layer 114.3, which comprise the two security elements 102, 104. The material removal 110, which forms the personalization information, extends from a surface 108 of the document 100 through a plurality of material layers 114.1-3 of the document 100. In this case, the material removal 110 extends through both the first and the second security element 102, 104. According to embodiments, the document 100 can comprise further material layers above the material layer 114.2 and / or below the material layer 114.3.According to embodiments, the material removal 110 does not extend from the surface 108 of the document 100 to an opposite surface 118 completely through the document. Rather, a residue 116 of the document 100 remains, comprising one or more material layers through which the material removal does not extend. According to alternative embodiments, the material removal 110 extends through all layers 114.1-4 of the document 100.

[0056] Figure 5 shows one to Figure 4 identical cross-section through document 100 of the Figure 3 , whereby in the case of Figure 5The material removal 110 is additionally sealed by filling it with a filler material 111, for example, a fluorescent material. This prevents access to the inner material layers 114.2-3 of the document 100 via the material removal 110. The filler material 111 with which the material removal 110 is sealed can be transparent, visible under certain verification methods, for example, under UV-A in the case of a fluorescent lacquer, or under visible light in the case of color pigments that are visible in the visible spectrum.

[0057] Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the document 100 according to Figures 1 and 4, more precisely the surface 108 of the composite body 101 of the document 100, under reflected light. The first security feature 102 is, for example, a hologram which comprises a representation of the face of a holder of the document 100. In a material layer below the material layer which comprises the first security element 102, the second security element 104 is arranged in the form of a photograph, i.e. a photographic image, of the face of the holder of the document 100 such that the first and second security elements 102, 104 overlap in the overlap region 106. In the case of reflected light, the hologram becomes visible by reflection of the incident light. The personalization information 110 in the overlap region 106 does not comprise any reflective material of the hologram 102, which is why this personalization information is visible as a negative due to the lack of light reflection.

[0058] Figure 7shows a schematic diagram of document 100 of the Figure 6 under sidelight, i.e., light in the visible spectrum is illuminated at an angle of less than 90° relative to the surface 108 of the document 100. The corresponding light reflects off the edges of the material removal 110. These reflections differ from the colored reflections of the second security element 104, as these do not include any color pigments of the photographic image. The first security element 102, i.e., the hologram, is not visible under sidelight. Thus, only the second security element 104 is visible, which includes the personalization information 110 as a negative.

[0059] Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of document 100 of the Figure 6under transmitted light, ie light in the visible spectrum is radiated from the back 118 through the document 100. In the case of the exemplary embodiment of a document 100 of the Figure 8 the personalization information 110 was introduced sufficiently deep into the document 100, ie the material removal extends sufficiently deep into the document 100, so that the remaining portion 116 of the document below the personalization information 110 allows light to pass through, which highlights the personalization information 110 as positive compared to the remaining composite body of the document 100.

[0060] Figure 9 shows a schematic representation of document 100 of the Figure 6under UV-A light. One or more of the material layers 114.1-4 are made of polycarbonate in the overlap area. The edges of the material removal, which forms the personalization information 110, fluoresce in this case when exposed to UV-A light.

[0061] Figure 10shows a schematic diagram of a first exemplary personalization device 120 for personalizing an identification, valuable, or security document. The personalization device 120 comprises a receptacle 122 for providing a blank 115 of the identification, valuable, or security document, which comprises the card-shaped composite body. The personalization device 120 further comprises a processing tool in the form of a laser 124 for performing an abrasive processing method. The processing of the blank 115 is controlled by a control system 126 of the personalization device 120, which comprises a processor 128 and a memory 130 with machine-readable program instructions 132.Execution of the machine-readable program instructions 132 by the processor 128 causes the control system 126 to control the personalization device 120 such that the blank 115 is provided in a processing position for abrasive processing by the laser 124.

[0062] The card-shaped composite body of the blank 115 comprises a plurality of material layers. A first material layer of the plurality of material layers comprises a first security element, while a second material layer of the plurality of material layers comprises a second security element. The two security elements are arranged one above the other so that they at least partially overlap.

[0063] Execution of the machine-readable program instructions 132 further causes the control system 126 to personalize both security elements using the abrasive processing method. The personalization process involves congruently incorporating personalization information into both security elements using the laser 124. Performing the abrasive processing method using the laser results in material removal extending from a surface of the composite body through the first security element and the second security element.

[0064] Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of a second exemplary personalization device 126 for personalizing an identification, valuables, or security document. Figure 11 The second exemplary personalization device 126 shown corresponds to the personalization device 126 of the Figure 10with the difference that in the case of Figure 11 The abrasive machining process is a cutting machining process, for example a milling process. The milling process is carried out using a milling tool 125, which engages the blank 115 for milling, ie, for material removal.

[0065] Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary testing device 140 for testing a personalization of an identification, value or security document 100. The identification, value or security document 100 is, for example, an identification, value or security document 100 which is provided with the personalization device 126 of the Figure 10 or 11was personalized. The testing device 140 comprises a receptacle 142 for providing the identification, value or security document 100 in a testing position, i.e. in a detection range of a testing sensor 144 of the testing device 140. The testing device 140 comprises one or more testing sensors 144. A testing sensor 144 can be configured to detect light in different spectral ranges, e.g. light in the visible spectrum, UV-A light, and / or infrared light. Furthermore, a testing sensor 144 can be configured to detect light in a specific spectral range. For example, a testing sensor 140 is provided for detecting light in different spectral ranges. According to alternative embodiments, different testing sensors 144 are provided for detecting light in different spectral ranges.The testing device 140 further comprises one or more emitters 145, 147 for testing security features of the security elements using one or more verification methods. The different emitters 145, 147 are configured, for example, to make the different security features recognizable by irradiation with light in different spectral ranges, e.g., with light in the visible spectrum, with UV-A light, with infrared light. Furthermore, one and the same emitter 145, 147 can be configured to irradiate the identification, valuable, or security document 100 at different angles, which, for example, correspond to different verification methods. For example, the emitters 145, 147 can be arranged / aligned at different angles relative to a surface of the composite body of the identification, valuable, or security document 100 facing the testing sensor 144.Alternatively, the emitters 145, 147 can each be fixedly arranged / aligned at different angles relative to a surface of the composite body of the identification, value, or security document 100 facing the inspection sensor 144. For example, irradiation with incident light can occur perpendicularly onto the surface of the composite body facing the inspection sensor 144. For example, irradiation with side light can occur at an angle greater than 0° and less than 90°, an angle of 30° to 60°, or an angle of 45° relative to the surface of the composite body. For example, irradiation with transmitted light can occur perpendicularly onto the surface of the composite body facing away from the inspection sensor 144 and opposite the surface facing the inspection sensor.

[0066] The testing device 140 further comprises a control system 146 with a processor 148 and a memory 150 with machine-readable program instructions 152. Execution of the machine-readable program instructions 152 by the processor 148 causes the control system 146 to control the testing device 140 such that the identification, valuable, or security document 100 is provided in the testing position using the receptacle 142. Using one or more test sensors 144 and one or more emitters 145, 147, a check is performed to determine whether personalization information is congruently incorporated into at least two security elements in the form of material removal, wherein the material removal extends from one surface of the composite body through both security elements.

[0067] For example, to carry out different verification methods, the identification, valuable, or security document 100 is irradiated with light in different spectral ranges using the emitters 145, 147, and the reflections of the security elements are each detected by the one or more test sensors 144. For example, the security elements comprise different security features that are visible and / or highlighted in different spectral ranges. The reflections of the security elements each comprise a copy of the personalization information, e.g., in the form of a negative and / or positive. The material removal forms a structure that does not reflect light, or does not reflect it in the same way as the remaining area of ​​the security element. For example, images of the reflections of the identification, valuable, or security document 100 can be reconstructed by the processor 148.A copy of the personalization information can be captured in each of the reconstructed images, for example, using an image recognition algorithm. Furthermore, the images of the reflections of the different security elements can be superimposed to determine whether the copies of the personalization information are congruently incorporated into the security elements. The superimposition can, for example, involve applying an image registration method to the images.

[0068] Figure 13shows a flowchart of an exemplary method for personalizing an identification, valuable, or security document. In step 200, the identification, valuable, or security document is provided. In step 202, an abrasive processing method, for example, laser irradiation or machining, is used to remove material from a surface of the identification, valuable, or security document through several material layers. The contours of the material removal form personalization information that extends through at least two security elements that at least partially overlap. Thus, both security elements include the corresponding personalization information as a negative. In other words, both security elements are personalized together with the same personalization information. This occurs, for example, in one operation.In an optional step 204, the material removal is sealed. For this purpose, the material removal is filled, for example, with a fluorescent lacquer.

[0069] Figure 14shows a flowchart of an exemplary method for verifying the personalization of an identification, valuable, or security document. In step 300, the identification, valuable, or security document is provided. In step 302, a check is performed to determine whether at least two security features of the identification, valuable, or security document of at least two material layers comprise the personalization information as a negative in an overlap region in which the security features overlap. For example, two different verification methods are used for this purpose, wherein a first of the two security features is made visible by means of a first verification method, while the second security feature is not visible, so that only the negative copies of the personalization information of the first security element are visible.Furthermore, a second verification method is applied, which makes the second security feature visible, while the first security feature is not visible or is not visible in a form that makes the personalization information within the first security element visible. Alternatively, the second verification method can highlight the second security element compared to the first security element. By exclusively making the second security element visible and / or highlighting it, the copy of the personalization information of the second security element is made visible or highlighted as a negative. If both personalization information of both security elements are congruent, the personalization information is valid and the check is successful. According to embodiments, it can also be checked whether the personalization information itself, ieThe material removal, whose contours provide the personalization information, can itself be made visible and / or highlighted through a further verification process. For example, the material removal can be filled with a fluorescent varnish that is visible under UV light. Additionally or alternatively, a haptic test can be performed to determine whether the material removal can be felt as a depression emanating from the surface of the ID, valuables, or security document. List of reference symbols

[0070] 100 Identification, valuables, or security document 101 Composite body 102 Security element 104 Security element 106 Overlap area 108 Surface 110 Material removal 111 Filler material 112 Additional elements / information 114 Material layers 115 Blank 116 Remaining section 118 Surface 120 Personalization device 122 Holder 124 Laser 125 Milling tool 126 Control system 128 Processor 130 Memory 132 Program instructions 140 Test device 142 Holder 144 Test sensor 145 Emitter 146 Control system 147 Emitter 148 Processor 150 Memory 152 Program instructions

Claims

1. A method for personalising an identity, value or security document (100) which comprises a card-shaped composite body (101) comprising a plurality of material layers (114.1-4), wherein the plurality of material layers (114.1-4) comprises a first material layer (114.2) with a first security element (102) and a second material layer (114.3) with a second security element (104), wherein the two security elements (102, 104) are arranged one above the other so that they at least partially overlap, wherein the method comprises the steps of: • providing a blank of the identity, value or security document (100), said blank comprising the card-shaped composite body (101), • personalising both security elements (102, 104), wherein the personalisation comprises introducing personalisation information into both security elements (102, 104) congruently using an abrasive processing method, wherein a material removal (110) resulting from the use of the abrasive processing method extends starting from a surface (108) of the composite body (101) through the first security element (102) and the second security element (104).

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the two security elements (102, 104) each comprise at least one security feature, wherein the two security features are two different security features which are visible using different verification methods.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the different verification methods comprise at least two of the following different verification methods: irradiation with light in the visible spectrum, transmitted-light irradiation in the visible spectrum, side-light irradiation in the visible spectrum, irradiation with UV light, irradiation with IR light.

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the material removal (110) extends starting from the surface (108) of the composite body (101) through a number of material layers (114.1-3) that is lower than the plurality of material layers (114.1-4) comprised by the composite body (101).

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composite body (101) comprises more than two security elements (102, 104) which are arranged one above the other so that they at least partially overlap, wherein the material removal (110) extends through the more than two security elements (102, 104).

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the more than two security elements (102, 104) each comprise at least one security feature, wherein the more than two security features are each different security features which are visible using different verification methods.

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the material removal (110) is performed by means of the abrasive processing method starting from the surface (108) of the composite body (101), preferably in a continuous processing operation.

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the abrasive processing method comprises a removal of material using a laser, or wherein the abrasive processing method comprises a removal of material using a machining tool, preferably a milling tool.

9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the security elements (102, 104) are security elements from the following group: holographic security element, a metallised security element, a colour security element, a fluorescent security element, and / or wherein the material removal (110) provides a further security feature that is visible using a further verification method, and / or wherein the material removal (110) provides a haptic security feature.

10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the method further comprises an at least partial filling of the material removal (110) with a filler material (111).

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the method comprises a complete filling in the form of a sealing of the material removal (110) with the filling material (111), and / or wherein the filling comprises a filling with a fluorescent material as filling material (111).

12. A personalising device (120) for personalising an identity, value or security document (100) which comprises a card-shaped composite body (101) comprising a plurality of material layers (114.1-4), wherein the plurality of material layers (114.1-4) comprises a first material layer (114.2) with a first security element (102) and a second material layer (114.3) with a second security element (104), wherein the two security elements (102, 104) are arranged one above the other so that they at least partially overlap, wherein the personalising device (120) comprises a receptacle (122) for providing a blank of the identity, value or security document (100) comprising the card-shaped composite body (101), a processing tool (124, 125) for executing an abrasive processing method, a control system (126) with a processor (128) and a memory (130) with machine-readable program instructions (132), wherein an execution of the machine-readable program instructions (132) by the processor (128) prompts the control system (126) to control the personalising device (120) so that the personalising device (120) executes the following method: • providing the blank of the identity, value or security document (100) using the receptacle (122), • personalising both security elements (102, 104), wherein the personalisation comprises a congruent introduction of personalisation information into both security elements (102, 104) using the processing tool (124, 125) to carry out the abrasive processing method, wherein a material removal (110) resulting from the execution of the abrasive processing method extends starting from a surface (108) of the composite body (101) through the first security element (102) and the second security element (104).

13. An identity, value or security document (100) which comprises a card-shaped composite body (101) comprising a plurality of material layers (114.1-4), wherein the plurality of material layers (114.1-4) comprises a first material layer (114.2) with a first security element (102) and a second material layer (114.3) with a second security element (104), wherein the two security elements (102, 104) are arranged one above the other so that they at least partially overlap, wherein the identity, value or security document (100) comprises personalisation information which is introduced congruently into both security elements (102, 104), wherein the material removal (110) extends starting from a surface (108) of the composite body (101) through the first security element (102) and the second security element (104).

14. A method for checking a personalisation of an identity, value or security document (100) according to claim 13, wherein the method comprises the steps of: • providing the identity, value or security document (100), • checking whether personalisation information has been introduced congruently into at least two security elements (102, 104) of at least two material layers (114.2-3) of a composite body (101) of the identity, value or security document (100) in the form of a material removal (110), wherein the material removal (110) extends starting from a surface (108) of the composite body (101) through both security elements (102, 104).

15. A checking device (140) for checking a personalisation of an identity, value or security document (100) according to claim 13, wherein the checking device (140) comprises a receptacle (142) for providing the identity, value or security document (100), at least one checking sensor (144) for checking at least two security elements (102, 104) of at least two material layers (114.2-3) of a composite body (101) of the identity, value or security document (100), a control system (146) with a processor (148) and a memory (150) with machine-readable program instructions (152), wherein an execution of the machine-readable program instructions (152) by the processor (148) prompts the control system (146) to control the checking device (140) so that the checking device (140) executes the following method: • providing the identity, value or security document (100) using the receptacle (142), • checking, using the at least one checking sensor (144), whether personalisation information has been introduced congruently into the at least two security elements (102, 104) in the form of a material removal (110), wherein the material removal (110) extends starting from a surface (108) of the composite body (101) through both security elements (102, 104).