BUILDING ELEMENT AND SHAFT CONSISTING OF THE BUILDING ELEMENTS

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a structural element and a shaft for a drainage ditch, formed from at least two shaft elements which are manufactured from a plurality of the structural elements.

[0002] Infiltration trenches are used to collect, store, and discharge a fluid, particularly rainwater. A shaft is provided for access to such a trench, allowing inspections, maintenance, and cleaning of the trench. These shafts are complex to manufacture from polymer materials, either by welding them together from semi-finished products or by blow molding or rotational molding. In particular, the wall thicknesses of the shaft or shaft element are uneven with the blow molding and rotational molding processes. Therefore, either the stability of these shafts or shaft elements needs to be improved, or—to counteract this—a thicker wall must be created, which requires increased material usage.

[0003] From the document US 2013 / 0152499 A a component is known which can be used in a variety of ways to construct a water absorption device, wherein the component is flat, has several sides and connecting means for connecting such components to one another.

[0004] According to the disclosure of the document WO 2010 / 009 410 A, a water absorption device comprising a plurality of identical components is known, wherein the component has surfaces and sides, and wherein mutually adapted connecting means are designed to connect a plurality of such components to form an arrangement.

[0005] US 2018 / 0313065 A discloses another water storage facility, comprising a concrete base plate laid on a lower portion of a hole dug in the ground, a storage assembly provided on the base plate and housed in the hole, a square tubular concrete side wall provided around the storage assembly, and a side wall forming member configured to form the side wall into a square frame shape. The storage assembly has a plurality of square, tabular partition plates, tubular spacers connected to the partition plates, and an outermost layer portion provided on the outermost side of the storage assembly.The side wall forming member has quadrangular tubular multi-stage inner shapes formed of a plurality of first plate members, a plurality of vertical reinforcing bars inserted into the multi-stage separating plates, and a quadrangular tubular single-stage outer shape containing a plurality of second plate members through a plurality of separators.

[0006] This is where the invention comes in, which has set itself the task of providing a component for the production of a shaft element and a shaft for a trench, with which the disadvantages of the prior art described above are overcome.

[0007] The problem is solved by the subject matter of claim 1.

[0008] In this way, the structural element used to create a shaft element can be designed to be particularly stable. Appropriate precautions can also be taken to ensure that the structural elements are very firmly connected to each other to form the shaft element.

[0009] This makes it possible to overcome the disadvantages of the stand and to provide a shaft element made of structural elements that requires the least amount of material while achieving maximum stability.

[0010] In a very advantageous development of the present invention, it can be provided that the component is designed in such a way that the first connecting means on the third side and the second connecting means on the fourth side are designed congruently to one another in such a way that when a connection state is established between two adjacent identical components, by connecting the first connecting means on the third side of the first component to the second connecting means on the fourth side of the second component or by connecting the second connecting means on the fourth side of the first component to the first connecting means on the third side of the second component, the components are arranged at an angle of 90° or approximately 90° with respect to the orientation of the respective first side of the components.

[0011] The measure described above makes it possible to easily produce a shaft element by connecting individual components. In particular, such a shaft element can be assembled from four individual identical components, each connected to the other at an angle of 90° or approximately 90°.

[0012] A very advantageous further development of the present invention can consist in that the component is designed in such a way that the third connecting means on the fifth side and the fourth connecting means on the sixth side are designed congruently to one another in such a way that when a connection state is established between two adjacent identical components, these are arranged in alignment or approximately in alignment with respect to the orientation of the respective first side of the components.

[0013] With this measure, shaft elements can be stacked in a simple manner by arranging them in alignment one above the other and establishing the connection state with the aid of the connecting means so that the individual shaft elements are firmly connected to one another, whereby a shaft is formed from at least two shaft elements.

[0014] According to the invention, the first connecting means on the third side and the second connecting means on the fourth side each have two rear gripping sections.

[0015] By providing several rear gripping sections on the first and second connecting means, a particularly stable, secure and firm connection of two components arranged next to one another can be achieved and ensured.

[0016] The component of the present invention can be designed in a particularly practical manner if it is provided that a projection projects approximately vertically from the second side, which projection is preferably formed at the end of the second side in the direction of the sixth side.

[0017] Such a projection is particularly practical for sections of a shaft or shaft element that, when installed underground, are aligned either in or against the direction of gravity. This makes it particularly easy to close the shaft in or against the direction of gravity by arranging, attaching, or assigning covers, adapters, or similar devices to the projections or with the aid of the projections.

[0018] In a further development of the present invention, it can be advantageously provided that the projection has at least in sections the contour of a circular ring, in particular the contour of a quarter-circular ring.

[0019] By providing a contour of the projection, at least in sections, in the form of a circular ring, in particular in the form of a quarter-circle ring, an opening can be formed during the manufacture of a shaft element from four identical components, which is bounded by the projections. Such an opening in a shaft element can advantageously be used as access to the shaft or shaft element.

[0020] In the present invention, it may prove to be very advantageous if it is provided that the component is designed in such a way that it consists of or contains a polymer material, wherein the polymer material is selected from a thermoplastic, in particular from a polyolefin, such as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polybutylene (PB), their copolymers and mixed compositions.

[0021] Fiber-reinforced polymer materials and / or mineral-filled polymer materials can also be used advantageously. Long and short fibers are suitable. These can be selected from mineral fibers and synthetic reinforcing fibers. Examples include fibers from glass, polyamide, aramid, carbon, polyester, and others. Natural reinforcing fibers from plants, such as cotton, kapok, poplar down, bamboo, nettle, hemp, jute, linen, ramie, wood, sisal, coconut, and Manila hardboard, can also be used. Suitable mineral fillers include chalk, talc, mica, serpentine, vermiculite, muscovite, kaolinite, and others.

[0022] By reinforcing the polymer material with fibers and / or minerals, its range of properties can be adapted to the technical requirements or customer requirements.

[0023] The polymer materials described above are inert, resistant, durable, robust, relatively easy to process, impact-resistant, flexible and cost-effective.

[0024] The further object of the present invention, to provide a shaft for a trench, is achieved by the subject matter of claim 6.

[0025] It has been recognized in the present invention that a shaft for a drainage ditch can be provided in a simple manner by connecting shaft elements which are formed from a plurality of components - as described above.

[0026] In particular, such a shaft can be formed in a simple manner by two shaft elements according to the above description if these are arranged in alignment one above the other and the connection state is established with the aid of the connecting means described above, so that the individual shaft elements are firmly connected to one another.

[0027] The component of the present invention may be manufactured in a polymer molding process, such as an injection molding process, a rotational molding process, a rotational sintering process, a pressing process, a deep drawing process, an extrusion blow molding process, or an additive manufacturing process, such as a 3D printing process, or a combination of the above-mentioned processes.

[0028] The above-mentioned processes are suitable for producing a component according to the present invention in large quantities in a reproducible, dimensionally accurate and cost-effective manner.

[0029] This provides components that are extremely robust and strong and meet the requirements of customers or the requirements of the relevant specifications for their application.

[0030] It may prove very advantageous within the scope of the present invention if it is provided that the molded part is formed with the aid of a molding tool for shaping the crosslinkable polymeric composition into the shaped crosslinkable composition, wherein the molding tool is an injection molding tool and / or a blow molding tool and / or a deep-drawing tool and / or a pressing tool.

[0031] By selecting a mold for shaping the crosslinkable polymeric composition into the molded crosslinkable composition, wherein the mold is an injection molding tool and / or a blow molding tool and / or a thermoforming tool and / or a pressing tool, a molded part can be manufactured precisely according to customer specifications in a simple, cost-effective and serial manner.

[0032] It may also prove very practical within the scope of the present invention if it is provided that the molded part is produced in an additive manufacturing process, such as a 3D printing process.

[0033] Such a process is suitable for producing a molded part according to the present invention in large quantities in a reproducible, dimensionally accurate and cost-effective manner.

[0034] In particular, it can be provided that the molded part is manufactured entirely or partially using a generative manufacturing process, for example by a 3D printing process.

[0035] For this purpose, a three-dimensional model that can be read by a data processing machine can be used to advantage for production.

[0036] The invention also encompasses a method for generating a computer-readable three-dimensional model for use in a manufacturing process for a molded part. In particular, the method also encompasses the input of data representing a molded part into a computer-aided machine and the use of the data to represent a molded part as a three-dimensional model, wherein the three-dimensional model is suitable for use in the manufacture of a molded part. The method also encompasses a technique in which the input data of one or more 3D scanners, which operate either contact-based or contactless, with the latter applying energy to a molded part and receiving the reflected energy, is used to generate a virtual three-dimensional model of a molded part using computer-aided design software.

[0037] The manufacturing process can comprise a generative powder bed process, in particular selective laser melting (SLM), selective laser sintering (SLS), selective heat sintering (SHS), selective electron beam melting (EBM / electron beam additive manufacturing - EBAM), or binder jetting of powder material. The manufacturing process can comprise a generative free-space process, in particular cladding, wax deposition modeling (WDM), contour crafting, metal powder deposition (MPA), plastic powder deposition, cold spraying, electron beam welding (EBW), or melt deposition processes such as fused deposition modeling (FDM) or fused filament fabrication (FFF).The manufacturing process may include a generative liquid material process, in particular stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), multi-jet modeling (MJM), polyjet modeling, or liquid composite molding (LCM). Furthermore, the manufacturing process may include other generative layer-building processes, in particular laminated object modeling (LOM), 3D screen printing, or light-controlled electrophoretic deposition.

[0038] The present invention is widely used in the manufacture of shaft elements and shafts for infiltration trenches in order to provide access to an infiltration trench in order to inspect, maintain and clean it, but also to supply fluid to it or to drain fluid from it.

[0039] Such shaft elements and shafts are easily and inexpensively accessible according to the present invention.

[0040] Further important features and advantages of the invention emerge from the subclaims, from the figures and from the associated description of the figures.

[0041] The present invention is described in more detail with reference to the attached figure.

[0042] This shows: Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a component according to the present invention; Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the component from Fig. 1 in another view; Fig. 3 a schematic side view of the component from the Fig. 1 and 2 ; Fig. 4 a schematic further side view of the component from the Fig. 1 and 2 ; Fig. 5 a schematic plan view of the component from the Fig. 1 and 2 ; Fig. 6a detail from the Fig. 5 ; Fig. 7 another detail from the Fig. 5 ; Fig. 8 a schematic plan view of a shaft element made of four components; Fig. 9 a detail from the Fig. 8 .

[0043] In Fig. 1 is shown in a schematic perspective view of a component 1 according to the present invention.

[0044] The component 1 has a plate-shaped design.

[0045] The component 1, which has approximately the shape of a cuboid, comprises six sides, a first side 2, a second side 3, a third side 4, a fourth side 5, a fifth side 6 and a sixth side 7, not shown here.

[0046] The first side 2 and the second side 3 are opposite each other, flat and approximately parallel to each other.

[0047] The third side 4 and the fourth side 5 are opposite each other and are aligned approximately parallel to each other.

[0048] Likewise, the fifth side 6 and the sixth side 7 (not shown here) are arranged opposite each other and aligned parallel to each other.

[0049] Connecting means 8, 9 are provided on the third side 4 and the fourth side 5. The connecting means 8, 9 are designed such that a first connecting means 8 is formed on the third side 4 and a second connecting means 9 is formed on the fourth side 5.

[0050] Connecting means 10, 11 are formed on the fifth side 6 and the sixth side 7. For this purpose, a third connecting means 10 is provided on the fifth side 6 and a fourth connecting means 11 is provided on the sixth side 7.

[0051] The first connecting means 8 on the third side 4 and the second connecting means 9 on the fourth side 5 are designed congruent to one another in order to establish a connection state between two adjacent identical components 1, 1', which will be shown later.

[0052] The third connecting means 10 on the fifth side 6 and the fourth connecting means 11 on the sixth side 7 are designed congruent to each other in order to establish a connection state between two adjacent components 1, 1', which will be described in more detail later.

[0053] A projection 14 protrudes vertically from the second side 3 of the component 1.

[0054] The projection 14 of the component 1 has, in sections, the contour of a circular ring, in particular the contour of a quarter-circular ring.

[0055] In Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the component 1 from Fig. 1 shown in a different view.

[0056] The reference symbols in the Fig. 2 correspond to those of the Fig. 1 .

[0057] In this figure, in particular, the sixth side 7 of the component 1 is shown, on which fourth connecting means 11 are formed.

[0058] The projection 14 of the component 1, which projects vertically from the second side 3, is arranged on the second side 3 at the end towards the sixth side 7.

[0059] In Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of component 1 from the Fig. 1 and 2 shown.

[0060] The reference symbols in the Fig. 3 correspond to those of the previous figures.

[0061] The first side 2 of the component 1 is provided with markings 15 to assist the installation personnel in creating openings in the first side 2. The markings 15 can, for example, be printed on the first side 2 or formed as recessed or raised sections in the injection molding process during manufacture of the component 1. In order to make a cut along the markings 15 to create a passage, openings 16 are provided through the first side 2, for example to insert a saw or other cutting tool through there. The passages to be created in the first side 2 of the component 1 are required, for example, to connect pipes required for fluid transport.

[0062] Connecting means 10, 11 are formed on the fifth side 6 and the sixth side 7. For this purpose, a third connecting means 10 is provided on the fifth side 6 and a fourth connecting means 11 is provided on the sixth side 7.

[0063] The connecting means 10, 11 are each designed as alternately arranged projections and recesses on the fifth side 6 and sixth side 7.

[0064] The projections and recesses forming the connecting means 10, 11 are dimensioned and positioned such that along each side 6, 7 a projection can be inserted into a recess in order to establish a connection state between two adjacent identical components 1, 1'.

[0065] It is further provided that the second side 3 of the component 1 has locking openings 18 into which locking lugs 17, which are formed on the connecting means 10, 11 designed as projections, can snap into when a connection state is established between two adjacent identical components 1, 1', whereby a fixed connection state can be established.

[0066] In Fig. 4 is another schematic side view of component 1 from the Fig. 1 and 2 shown.

[0067] The reference symbols in the Fig. 4 correspond to those of the previous figures.

[0068] Here, in particular, it is shown once again that the projection 14 of the component 1, which projects vertically from the second side 3, is arranged on the second side 3 at the end towards the sixth side 7.

[0069] In Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of the component 1 from the Fig. 1 and 2The reference numerals in the Fig. 5 correspond to those of the previous figures.

[0070] In the Fig. 5 In particular, a plan view of the first connecting means 8 on the third side 4 and the second connecting means 9 on the fourth side 5 is shown.

[0071] The connecting means 8 and 9 are designed congruent to one another in order to establish a connection state between two adjacent identical components 1, 1'.

[0072] In Fig. 6 is a detail A from the Fig. 5 shown.

[0073] The reference symbols in the Fig. 6 correspond to those of the previous figures.

[0074] Here, the second connecting means 9 on the fourth side 5 of the component 1 is shown in detail.

[0075] On the second connecting means 9 on the fourth side 5 of the component 1, a rear gripping section 13 is formed, which comprises a blunt nose and a recess in the form of such a blunt nose.

[0076] Furthermore, a rear gripping section 12 is formed on the second connecting means 9 on the fourth side 5 of the component 1, which comprises an arrow-shaped tip and a recess in the form of such an arrow-shaped tip.

[0077] In Fig. 7 is a detail B from the Fig. 5 shown.

[0078] The reference symbols in the Fig. 7 correspond to those of the previous figures.

[0079] Here, the first connecting means 8 on the third side 4 of the component 1 is shown in detail.

[0080] On the first connecting means 8 on the third side 4 of the component 1, a rear gripping section 12 is formed, which comprises an arrowed tip and a recess in the form of such an arrowed tip.

[0081] Furthermore, a rear gripping section 13 is formed on the first connecting means 8 on the third side 4 of the component 1, which comprises a blunt nose and a recess in the form of such a blunt nose.

[0082] The second connecting means 9 on the fourth side 5 of the component 1, which is in the Fig. 6 shown in detail, can be easily determined by rotating around the axis C according to Fig. 6 by 90 ° clockwise into the first connecting means 8 on the third side 4 of the component 1, which is in the Fig. 7 shown in detail. The C axis is oriented perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.

[0083] In Fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of a shaft element 102, which is made of four components 1, 1'.

[0084] The reference symbols in the Fig. 8 correspond to those of the previous figures.

[0085] The shaft element 102 is made of four identical components, of which only the adjacent components 1, 1' will be discussed in more detail here, in that they are connected at their respective first connecting means 8 and second connecting means 9, in such a way that the second connecting means 9 of the first component 1 is connected to the first connecting means 8 of the adjacent, identical second component 1'. The first component 1 is then connected correspondingly with its first connecting means 8 to another component via its second connecting means 9, and so on. The second component 1' is further connected correspondingly with its second connecting means 9 to an adjacent component via its first connecting means 8. It goes without saying that the other components 1 for the shaft element 102, which are identical to one another, are connected in a similar manner.

[0086] The inventive design of the component 1 results in a plan view of a square arrangement of four components 1, 1', each connected to one another at an angle of 90° to the shaft element 102. The four projections 14 of the four components 1 lie in one plane and delimit the opening 19 of the shaft element 102.

[0087] In Fig. 9 is a detail A from the Fig. 8 shown.

[0088] The reference symbols in the Fig. 9 correspond to those of the previous figures.

[0089] The connection of the first component 1 with the second component 1' according to the representation of the Fig. 8 is shown as an example in the detailed view of the Fig. 9such that the second connecting means 9 of the first component 1 is inserted into the first connecting means 8 of the adjacent, identical second component 1' perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, or that the first connecting means 8 of the adjacent, identical second component 1' is inserted into the second connecting means 9 of the first component 1 perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.

[0090] This creates an extremely strong connection between the first component 1 and the second component 1', since the rear engagement sections 12, 13 in the form of blunt noses, recesses in the form of blunt noses, swept tips, and recesses in the form of swept tips tightly interlock. The rear engagement sections 12, 13 are brought into close contact with one another and stabilize each other by interlocking against deflection in the plane of the drawing due to an external force. This is particularly important to prevent an outward "folding away" of sections of the second connecting means 9 of the first component 1 and / or the first connecting means 8 of the adjacent, identical second component 1' when subjected to an external force.

[0091] A projection 14 protrudes vertically from the second side 3 of each component 1, 1' of the shaft element 102. Since the projection 14 of the component 1 has the contour of a circular ring, in particular the contour of a quarter-circle ring, in some sections, the four projections 14 complement each other such that an opening 19 is formed in the shaft element 102, which opening is bordered by four projections 14.

[0092] It is understood that the invention is not limited to the fact that four components 1 can be connected to form a shaft element 102.

[0093] Rather, by appropriately designing the structural elements 1, it is also possible to combine three, five, six or more structural elements to form shaft elements with correspondingly triangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, etc. cross-sections. List of reference symbols

[0094] 1 Component 2 First side 3 Second side 4 Third side 5 Fourth side 6 Fifth side 7 Sixth side 8 First connecting element 9 Second connecting element 10 Third connecting element 11 Fourth connecting element 12 Rear gripping section 13 Rear gripping section 14 Projection 15 Marking 16 Breakthrough 17 Locking lug 18 Locking opening 19 Opening 102 Shaft element A Detail B Detail C Axis

Claims

1. Structural element (1) for producing a manhole element (102), wherein the structural element (1) is substantially plate-shaped and has a first side (2) and a second side (3) opposite the first side (2), which sides are arranged flat and substantially parallel to one another, a third side (4) and a fourth side (5) opposite the third side (4), wherein connecting means (8, 9) are provided on the third side (4) and on the fourth side (5), such that a first connecting means (8) is formed on the third side (4) and a second connecting means (9) is formed on the fourth side (5), and a fifth side (6) and a sixth side (7), wherein the sixth side (7) is opposite the fifth side (6) and both are arranged flat and substantially parallel to one another, wherein connecting means (10, 11) are provided on the fifth side (6) and on the sixth side (7), such that a third connecting means (10) is formed on the fifth side (6) and a fourth connecting means (11) is formed on the sixth side (7), wherein the first connecting means (8) on the third side (4) and the second connecting means (9) on the fourth side (5) are congruent with one another in order to establish a connection state in one spatial direction between two adjacent identical structural elements (1, 1'), and wherein the third connecting means (10) on the fifth side (6) and the fourth connecting means (11) on the sixth side (7) are congruent with one another in order to establish a connection state in another spatial direction between two adjacent structural elements (1, 1'), and wherein a protrusion (14) projects approximately vertically from the second side (3) and is preferably formed at the end of the second side (3) facing the sixth side (7), wherein the first connecting means (8) on the third side (4) and the second connecting means (9) on the fourth side (5) each have two undercut sections (12, 13), wherein one undercut section (12) comprises an arrow-shaped tip and a recess in the form of such an arrow-shaped tip, and the other undercut section (13) comprises a blunt nose and a recess in the form of such a blunt nose.

2. Structural element (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the first connecting means (8) on the third side (4) and the second connecting means (9) on the fourth side (5) are congruent with one another such that, when a connection state is established between two adjacent identical structural elements, structural elements (1) and (1'), by connecting the first connecting means (8) on the third side (4) of the structural element (1) to the second connecting means (9) on the fourth side (5) of the structural element (1') or by connecting the second connecting means (9) on the fourth side (5) of the structural element (1) to the first connecting means (8) on the third side (4) of the structural element (1'), the structural elements (1) and (1') are arranged at an angle of 90° or approximately 90° relative to the orientation of the respective first side (2) of the structural elements (1) and (1').

3. Structural element (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the third connecting means (10) on the fifth side (6) and the fourth connecting means (11) on the sixth side (7) are congruent with one another such that, when a connection state is established between two adjacent identical structural elements (1, 1'), they are arranged flush or approximately flush relative to the orientation of the respective first side (2) of the structural elements (1) and (1').

4. Structural element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the second side (3) of the structural element (1) has latch openings (18) into which latching lugs (17) formed on the protrusion-shaped connecting means (10, 11) snap when a connection state is established between two adjacent identical structural elements (1, 1').

5. Structural element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it contains or consists of a polymer material, wherein the polymer material is selected from a thermoplastic material, in particular from a polyolefin, such as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polybutylene (PB), copolymers thereof and mixed compositions.

6. Manhole (101) for an infiltration trench, formed from at least two manhole elements (102) produced from a plurality of structural elements (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5.