Device for supporting solar modules, kit, method of manufacturing and solar module arrangement

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a device for supporting solar modules, a kit and a method for its production as well as a solar module arrangement. Hintergrund

[0002] Solar modules, particularly photovoltaic modules and solar thermal collectors, can be installed freestanding or on roofs. On pitched roofs, the roof determines the orientation of the solar modules. When mounted on a flat roof or in a freestanding installation, both the cardinal orientation and the angle relative to the horizontal can be adapted to the circumstances, in particular the structural conditions, the expected position of the sun based on the geographical location, and possible shading by surrounding objects. Arrangements are known in which the solar modules are oriented towards the south, as well as arrangements in which some of the solar modules are oriented towards the east and others towards the west.Depending on the orientation and geographical location, angles to the horizontal between 10° and 18° are common, although larger or smaller angles can also be realized.

[0003] For adjusting an angle, mounting systems made of plastic with a trough-like basic shape are known, which can be open at the top or bottom. Shapes of the respective system form inclined support surfaces that define the angle of inclination of a solar module to be mounted. Such a system is known, for example, from document DE 10 2006 042 092 A1. Document WO 2012 / 156038 A1 also discloses such a support unit.

[0004] Another approach involves forming frame structures that each support one side of a solar module. One end of a support profile defining the inclination is attached to a base profile and extends upwards from it at an angle. The angle is spanned by a support profile, which extends upwards from the base profile to the support profile and is connected to it. Thus, a triangular frame is formed.

[0005] Alternatively, solar modules can be mounted on supports in the form of feet, with the feet being free-standing or fixed to base rails. In this case, the solar module is attached to two upper feet, which support a higher rear end of the solar module on opposite sides. From these upper supports, the solar module extends diagonally downwards and is attached to the base rail at a lower front end, in particular by means of two lower feet or supports that support the front end of the solar module on opposite sides. In contrast to linear support on inclined support surfaces or struts running along the entire solar module, the small attachment surfaces in such systems provide a quasi-point support. The angle of the solar module to the horizontal is determined by the height difference and the distance between the front (lower) and rear (upper) support surfaces.

[0006] Such systems with front and rear feet are described, for example, in documents WO 2015 / 069112 A1, WO 2015 / 110254 A1, and WO 2019 / 143701 A1. Document WO 2015 / 069112 A1 discloses a system in which supports are formed with curved profiles.

[0007] Feet can be formed as fold-out profiles connected to a base profile. To achieve different angular orientations to the horizontal of solar modules within a modular system, feet can consist of multiple segments that are selected and connected together to form a foot of the desired height.

[0008] Document EP 3 300 248 A1 describes a bracket for a solar panel comprising an inclined support frame having a pair of horizontal members extending in parallel along a horizontal direction at different heights, and a pair of inclined members arranged between the horizontal members and extending in parallel to be inclined on one side, a fixed support member that fixes and supports the inclined support frame on an installation surface, a square plate support member on which a solar panel is mounted, a support shaft provided so as to extend between the inclined support frame and the plate support member and that supports the plate support member to rotate, and a pair of stopper members each provided on both rotating end sides of the plate support member so that one end portions rotate freely, and having engaging concave portions,which engage with half-peripheries of outer peripheries of the horizontal members from a rotational direction to be removed at positions corresponding to a predetermined inclination angle position of the plate support member.,

[0009] Document JP 2012-202030 A discloses a frame for a solar cell module, comprising a first support member and a second support member that support the solar cell module on an installation surface. The first support member pivotably supports the solar cell module relative to the installation surface. The second support member has an upper end connected to the upper end of the solar cell module and a lower end connected to the installation surface. The second support member includes length adjustment means that allow the length to be adjusted by means of a screw shaft, thereby changing the inclination angle of the solar cell module relative to the installation surface.

[0010] The document DE 10 2012 208 107 A1 relates to a device for roofing vehicle parking spaces, consisting of a roof structure resting on supports and comprising at least two longitudinal beams and cross profiles connecting the longitudinal beams to one another, wherein the longitudinal beams and / or the cross profiles are provided for supporting and fastening the roof covering of the roof structure, wherein the lower ends of the supports on each side of the device are each connected to a longitudinal rail with which the device can be set up on the respective ground, and wherein weighting elements are provided in the lower region of the device above the rails.

[0011] From document US 4,421,943 A, a device for collecting solar energy and converting it into electrical energy is known using solar panels that are pivotally mounted on a base so that the panels can be pivoted into a storage position within the base. Additional solar panels can be pivotally mounted on retractable frame supports that stow inside the base when the panels are pivoted into a horizontal position.

[0012] The document JP 2012-097505 A describes a roof structure of a building with a roof window that can be opened for ventilation, which is intended to enable effective use of the entire roof.

[0013] Document DE 10 2009 002 504 A1 describes a support for a solar collector module, comprising a base element that can be placed on a support, a receiving element for the solar collector module that is pivotally connected to the base element, and means for adjusting the angle between the base element and the receiving element. The means for adjusting the angle between the base element and the receiving element comprise at least two legs that cross one another in a scissor-like manner, similar to a scissor-type lifting linkage, which support the receiving element on the base element.

[0014] Document US 2013 / 037081 A1 describes a solar tracker comprising a base and a solar panel having first and second opposite ends. The first end can be connected to the base by a first shaft, and the second end can be connected to the base by a second shaft, so that the solar panel can pivot alternately about the first shaft and the second shaft with respect to the base under the drive of a lifting mechanism. An automatic connecting / disconnecting device connects the second end of the solar panel to the base and simultaneously disconnects the first end of the solar panel from the base, and vice versa, each time the solar panel reaches a position parallel to the base to reverse the inclination of the solar panel with respect to the base.

[0015] According to one aspect of the invention, a device according to claim 1 for supporting solar modules is provided. The device comprises a base rail and an upper support arranged on the base rail for holding an upper end of a solar module, which upper support comprises a first support element and a second support element. The first support element and the second support element are movably connected to one another such that the first support element is movable relative to the second support element between a first position and a second position. When the first support element is arranged in the first position, the upper support extends to a first height above the base rail. When the first support element is arranged in the second position, the upper support extends to a second height above the base rail, which is different from the first height.

[0016] A height of the upper support above the base rail can in particular be defined by a distance from an upper side of the base rail to a highest point of the upper support above the upper side of the base rail, wherein the upper side of the base rail and the uppermost point of the upper support are defined with regard to a horizontal orientation of the base rail on or above a base of the device, for example a floor or a flat roof. The upper end of the solar module can be defined by the uppermost edge of the solar module in the case of a solar module arranged at an angle to the horizontal, wherein the uppermost edge of the solar module is defined with regard to a horizontal orientation of the base rail on or above a base of the device.

[0017] The base rail can be formed from a profile rail. In particular, the base rail can be formed from a cut-to-length, for example, truncated or sheared-off section of a metal or plastic profile, in particular a hollow profile.

[0018] According to a further aspect of the invention, a kit according to claim 12 is provided for a device according to the disclosure, comprising a base rail and an upper support for holding an upper end of a solar module. The upper support comprises a first support element and a second support element, wherein the first support element and the second support element are movably connected to one another such that the first support element is movable relative to the second support element between a first position and a second position. The upper support is configured to be arranged on the base rail for producing a device for supporting solar modules.The first support element is configured to be arranged in the first position such that the upper support element extends to a first height above the base rail, and to be arranged in the second position such that the upper support element extends to a second height above the base rail, which is different from the first height.

[0019] According to a further aspect of the invention, a method according to claim 13 is provided for manufacturing a device for supporting solar modules. The method comprises the steps of providing a base rail, providing an upper support for holding an upper end of a solar module, and arranging the upper support on the base rail. The upper support comprises a first support element and a second support element, wherein the first support element and the second support element are movably connected to one another such that the first support element is movable relative to the second support element between a first position and a second position.The first support element is arranged in the first position such that the upper support extends to a first height above the base rail, or the first support element is arranged in the second position such that the upper support extends to a second height above the base rail which is different from the first height.

[0020] According to yet another aspect, a solar module assembly comprising a support device and a solar module is provided. The support device has a base rail and an upper support arranged on the base rail for holding an upper end of a solar module. The upper support has a first support element and a second support element, wherein the first support element and the second support element are movably connected to one another such that the first support element is movable relative to the second support element between a first position and a second position. The solar module is arranged on the support device, wherein an upper end of the solar module is supported by the upper support.The first support element of the support device is arranged in the first position, wherein the first support element is arranged in the first position relative to the base rail of the support device such that the solar module is arranged at a first angle of inclination relative to the base rail, or the first support element of the support device is arranged in the second position, wherein the first support element is arranged in the second position relative to the base rail of the support device such that the solar module is arranged at a second angle of inclination relative to the base rail, which is different from the first angle of inclination.

[0021] In the solar module arrangement, a second angle of inclination different from the first angle of inclination can be achieved, for example, in that a distance of a connection point of the upper support with the solar module to a lower end of the solar module differs between an arrangement of the first support element in the first position and an arrangement of the first support element in the second position and / or in that a height of the upper support above the base rail differs between an arrangement of the first support element in the first position and an arrangement of the first support element in the second position.

[0022] A solar module within the meaning of the disclosure may in particular be a photovoltaic module or a solar thermal collector.

[0023] The support elements of the device can be used to form support structures for supporting a solar module. In particular, the support elements can be formed as cast parts, for example, from cast metal, preferably cast aluminum. Alternatively, the support elements can be formed with cut-to-length profiles. In this case, the support elements can be post-processed, in particular by deburring.

[0024] The base rail can have a first receiving opening and a second receiving opening, and the upper support can have a first connecting element arranged on the first support element and a second connecting element arranged on the second support element. In this case, the first connecting element can be arranged in the first receiving opening when the first support element is in the first position and in the second receiving opening when the first support element is in the second position. In particular, the first support element can be arranged in the first position by inserting the first connecting element into the first receiving opening, and the first support element can be arranged in the second position by inserting the first connecting element into the second receiving opening.

[0025] The first support element can be brought into the first position, and the first connecting element can then be arranged in the first receiving opening. Alternatively, the first support element can be arranged in the first position at least partially simultaneously with the first connecting element being arranged in the first receiving opening. Accordingly, the first support element can be brought into the second position, and the first connecting element can then be arranged in the second receiving opening, or the first support element can be arranged in the second position at least partially simultaneously with the first connecting element being arranged in the second receiving opening.

[0026] In alternative embodiments, the first connecting element can be arranged in the first or second receiving opening before the first support element is arranged in the first or second position, respectively. In such embodiments, it can be provided to arrange the second connecting element on or at least partially in the base rail after the first connecting element has been arranged in the first or second receiving opening and the first support element has been arranged in the first or second position, respectively.

[0027] In exemplary embodiments, the first and / or second connecting elements can be pins or bolts that can be arranged in openings, in particular receiving openings, of the base rail. In general, connecting elements can be provided as separate components that are arranged and fixed to other components, for example, a support element. Alternatively, connecting elements can be part of the component, for example, a molding of such a component, and thus can be arranged on the component during the manufacturing process of the respective component.

[0028] The first support element and the second support element are pivotally connected to one another at a pivot point. The first connecting element can be arranged in the region of an end of the first support element remote from the pivot point, and the second connecting element can be arranged in the region of an end of the second support element remote from the pivot point. The pivot point, the first connecting element, and the second connecting element can thus form a triangle such that when the first connecting element and the second connecting element are arranged on the base rail, the distance between the first connecting element and the second connecting element determines the height of the pivot point and thus the height of the upper support above the base rail.In this case, when the first support element is arranged in the first position and the first connecting element is arranged in the first receiving opening, a first distance between the first connecting element and the second connecting element and thus the first height of the upper support above the base rail can be set and when.

[0029] By arranging the first support element in the second position and by arranging the first connecting element in the second receiving opening, a second distance between the first connecting element and the second connecting element and thus the second height of the upper support above the base rail can be set.

[0030] The support device can have a securing rail which is arranged on the base rail so as to at least partially encompass the base rail and is movable along the base rail between a first position and a second position. In this case, the securing rail can at least partially close at least one of the first receiving opening and the second receiving opening in the second position such that movement of the first connecting element out of the first receiving opening and / or the second receiving opening is prevented. The securing rail can release the first receiving opening and the second receiving opening in the first position such that movement of the first connecting element out of the first receiving opening and the second receiving opening is enabled.

[0031] The safety rail may be formed with a connecting rail which is configured to connect the base rail to another base rail of another device.

[0032] It can be provided that the upper support has only one connecting element and the base rail is formed with only one receiving opening designed to receive the connecting element of the upper support. In such embodiments, a securing rail can be provided which is arranged on the base rail so as to at least partially encompass the base rail and is movable along the base rail between a first position and a second position, wherein the securing rail at least partially closes the receiving opening in the second position such that movement of the connecting element out of the receiving opening is prevented, and the securing rail releases the receiving opening in the first position such that movement of the connecting element out of the receiving opening is enabled.

[0033] The second connecting element can be arranged in a fixed position in a further receiving opening of the base rail. A fixed position of the second connecting element within the meaning of the disclosure means that the second connecting element is not displaceable relative to the base rail, i.e., cannot be moved in a translational manner. Rotation of the second connecting element can be enabled in this case.

[0034] The device can be provided with a pre-assembled upper support, in which the second connecting element is arranged in a stationary manner in the further receiving opening of the base rail and the first support element can be arranged in the first receiving opening for adjusting the first height of the upper support, wherein the first support element is brought into the first position, and the first support element can be arranged in the second receiving opening for adjusting the second height of the upper support, wherein the first support element is brought into the second position.

[0035] In alternative embodiments, the base rail may have a first further receiving opening and a second further receiving opening and the second connecting element may be configured to be arranged in the first further receiving opening when the first support element is arranged in the first position and configured to be arranged in the second further receiving opening when the first support element is arranged in the second position.

[0036] The second connecting element can be releasably arranged in a fixed position in the further receiving opening, or in one or both of the first further receiving opening and the second further receiving opening. For example, the second connecting element can be secured by means of the securing rail. For this purpose, the securing rail can be configured, in the second position and / or in a third position of the securing rail along the base rail, to at least partially close the further receiving opening, or one or both of the first further receiving opening and the second further receiving opening, in such a way that movement of the second connecting element out of the further receiving opening, or out of one or both of the first further receiving opening and the second further receiving opening is prevented.In another position, for example the first position and / or the second position, the securing rail can release the further receiving opening, or the first further receiving opening and the second further receiving opening, in such a way that a movement of the second connecting element out of the further receiving opening, or out of the first further receiving opening and the second further receiving opening is possible.

[0037] The upper support can be arranged in a first holding position in which the upper support is configured to hold a solar module at a first angle relative to the base rail, and a second holding position in which the upper support is configured to hold a solar module at a second angle relative to the base rail that is different from the first angle.

[0038] The upper support may be arranged in the first holding position when the first support element is arranged in the first position, and the upper support may be arranged in the second holding position when the first support element is arranged in the second position.

[0039] The upper support comprises a holding device which, for holding a respective solar module, has two support surfaces onto which one or more solar modules can each be placed and fixed, wherein the support surfaces are arranged at an angle to a central section of the holding device in order to support a solar module at an angle to the horizontal. The holding device can be configured to hold a solar module at a fixed angle to the holding device, for example parallel to a support surface of the holding device, and which is arranged at a first angle of the holding device relative to the base rail when the first support element is arranged in the first position, and at a second angle of the holding device relative to the base rail when the first support element is arranged in the second position.In embodiments with a pivotable connection of the first support element and the second support element at a hinge point, the holding device can have a support surface arranged above the hinge point and a clamping element which is configured to fix a solar module relative to the support surface.

[0040] In exemplary embodiments, a first angle of a solar module to be arranged on the device relative to the base rail can be approximately 10 degrees, and a second angle of the solar module relative to the base rail can be approximately 15 degrees. In alternative embodiments, the first angle can be 5 degrees and the second angle can be 7 degrees.

[0041] The first support element can be fixed relative to the second support element in the first position and in the second position, preferably releasably fixable. For example, a respective latching connection can be provided between the first support element and the second support element in the first position and in the second position. In this case, a resilient projection on one of the support elements can engage in an opening corresponding to the first position or an opening corresponding to the second position in the other support element. Alternatively, a resilient projection corresponding to the first position or a resilient projection corresponding to the second position on one of the support elements can engage in an opening in the other support element. A resilient projection can be formed, for example, with a flexible nose, a pressure piece or a spring pin.Alternatively, a detachable connection can be formed with a pin, which is arranged in corresponding openings of the first and / or second support element. As a further alternative, the support elements can be fixable relative to one another by being fixed to another element, for example, to a connecting element of the upper support to which the first support element and the second support element are connected.

[0042] In particular, it can be provided to fix the first support element in the first position or in the second position relative to the second support element without tools, i.e., without the user of the device requiring a tool to achieve the fixation. Alternatively, the first support element can be fixed in the first position or in the second position relative to the second support element using a tool, either releasably or non-releasably, for example by screwing, riveting, gluing, or welding.

[0043] The first support element can be movable relative to the second support element into a transport position of the first support element, and the second support element can be movable relative to the base rail into a transport position of the second support element. The upper support can thus be arranged substantially within the base rail when the first support element and the second support element are arranged in the respective transport position. The upper support can thus be configured to be folded in from an assembled position, in which the upper support is configured to support a solar module and the first support element is arranged in the first or second position, by moving the first and second support elements into the respective trans-transport position. The device can thereby be prepared for transport.An arrangement substantially within the base rail is achieved within the meaning of the disclosure if the overall cross-sectional profile of the base rail is not significantly enlarged by the additional elements. In particular, transport of the device can be enabled that, in terms of space requirements and handling, does not differ from transporting only the base rail itself, except for the transported mass, or is significantly less enlarged than when the first support element is arranged in the first position or in the second position.

[0044] In embodiments in which the device is formed with a securing rail, the securing rail can be configured to secure the first support element in the transport position. For this purpose, the securing rail can, for example, have recesses or spaced-apart formations that can be moved by sliding the securing rail along the base rail over the connecting element(s) of the first support element arranged in the transport position, thus restricting or preventing movement of the first support element.

[0045] The device has a lower support arranged on the base rail for holding a lower end of a solar module. The lower support can be configured to hold a lower end of a solar module at different angles of the solar module relative to the base rail. Alternatively, the lower support can be configured to hold a lower end of a solar module at an angle of the solar module relative to the base rail, wherein the lower support is adjustable for different angles of the solar module and / or can be arranged on the base rail. With the lower support and the upper support, the device can be configured to form a holding system for solar modules with high and low feet.

[0046] The upper support may have a deflector mount configured to hold a wind deflector on the upper support such that the wind deflector is positioned at a first deflector angle relative to the base rail when the first support element is positioned in the first position, and the wind deflector is positioned at a second deflector angle relative to the base rail when the first support element is positioned in the second position. A wind deflector may represent a barrier that prevents wind from passing under a solar module arranged on the device, in particular a planar barrier. For example, a wind deflector may be formed with a sheet metal configured to be positioned in front of an opening in the device or the solar module arrangement to prevent wind from passing through the opening.By means of the deflector holder, the device can be configured to receive a wind deflector such that the wind deflector can be used for the device and / or the solar module arrangement both when the first support element is arranged in the first position and when the first support element is arranged in the second position.

[0047] Regardless of the device, the disclosure provides a deflector mount configured to hold a wind deflector on an upper support of a solar module support system, a solar module arrangement, or a device for supporting solar modules, such that the wind deflector is arranged at a first deflector angle relative to a base rail of the system, the device, or the solar module arrangement when the upper support extends to a first height above the base rail, and the wind deflector is arranged at a second deflector angle relative to the base rail when the upper support extends to a second height above the base rail that is different from the first height. The upper support may be selected from a plurality of upper supports having different heights. Alternatively, the upper support may be height-adjustable.

[0048] The deflector mount can have a convex support surface, in particular a convex support surface running along a circular arc. The wind deflector can have a concave contact surface adapted to the convex support surface, which rests on the convex support surface of the deflector mount. In particular, the concave contact surface can run along a circular arc with a diameter equal to the diameter of the circular arc along which the convex support surface runs. The wind deflector can be rotatable relative to the deflector mount such that contact between the concave contact surface and the convex support surface remains during rotation of the wind deflector relative to the deflector mount. Thus, the wind deflector can be rotatable relative to the deflector mount while the wind deflector rests on the deflector mount. In this way, a deflector angle can be continuously adjustable.A deflector angle can be automatically adjusted when the contact surface rests on the support surface by adjusting the height of the deflector mount above the base rail, provided that an end of the wind deflector opposite the contact surface is arranged on the base rail or in the region of the base rail. The wind deflector can be fixable, preferably releasably fixable, to the deflector mount in a first position in which the wind deflector is arranged at a first deflector angle to the base rail, and / or in a second position in which the wind deflector is arranged at a first deflector angle to the base rail.In particular, the wind deflector can be secured to the deflector mount without tools, for example, using locking elements such as spring-loaded lugs, pressure pieces, or spring pins that engage in corresponding openings, or using tool-free connecting elements, such as manually insertable pins or wing screws. Alternatively or additionally, the wind deflector can be secured to the deflector mount using a tool, for example, by screwing, riveting, gluing, or welding.

[0049] The base rail can be configured to receive and guide a cable of a solar module. For this purpose, the base rail can have one or more cable receiving devices. For example, cable receiving devices can be formed with channels for guiding cables, in particular along the course of the base rail. By receiving and guiding the cable in the base rail, in particular in one or more cable receiving devices, the cable can be protected from damage, in particular against damage caused by sharp edges of the base rail or other components of the device. This can enable quick and safe laying of cables even when using cut-to-length profile rails in the device. The base rail can be configured to receive and guide multiple cables.

[0050] One or more cable receiving devices can be formed with the base rail itself. In particular, a profile forming the base rail can be designed to allow cable routing. For example, the base rail can have the shape of a cable duct. The distance between an inner rail base and other overlying elements such as pins or supports can be dimensioned such that a connector, in particular a connector conforming to a corresponding standard, of a cable of a solar module can be moved through a free space formed by the distance. The base rail can be configured to receive multiple cables. In particular, the base rail can be dimensioned to receive multiple cables.

[0051] The base rail can thus serve not only a structural function within the device but also a cable duct. This eliminates the need for additional cable routing facilities. This can result in cost savings, particularly through reduced production, logistics, and assembly costs.

[0052] Furthermore, a securing rail and / or a connecting rail, in particular a securing rail formed with a connecting rail, can be configured to receive and guide a cable of a solar module. The above-described embodiments of the base rail for receiving and guiding a cable of a solar module can be provided accordingly.

[0053] Regardless of the other configuration of the device, the disclosure provides a base rail for a solar module holding system for a solar module arrangement or for a device for supporting solar modules, which base rail is configured to receive and guide a cable of a solar module. The above statements regarding the configuration of the base rail of the device for receiving and guiding a cable apply accordingly.

[0054] The base rail can be configured to have one side of a ballast holding device arranged thereon, such that the ballast holding device rests at least partially on the base rail, and the upper support can be configured to be arranged at least partially in at least one opening of the ballast holding device when the ballast holding device rests at least partially on the base rail, wherein the upper support is shaped such that it essentially prevents an upward movement of the ballast holding device. The shape of the upper support creates a positive connection between the upper support and the ballast holding device in an upward movement direction of the ballast holding device, at least to the extent that an upward movement of the ballast holding device is essentially prevented. In other directions, movement of the ballast device cannot be prevented by the shape of the upper support.Alternatively, the shape of the upper support can also prevent movement of the ballast device in other directions. Upward movement of the ballast holding device is essentially prevented if the ballast holding device cannot move upwards far enough to be removed from the base rail, particularly due to wind. A slight amount of play in the form of movement of the ballast holding device relative to the base rail, which does not impair the securing of the position of the ballast holding device on the base rail, may be possible.

[0055] Arranging the upper support at least in sections in at least one opening of the ballast holding device can in particular comprise arranging the first and / or the second support element in the opening or in different openings of the ballast holding device.

[0056] A shape of the upper support can substantially prevent upward movement of the ballast holding device by enlarging a profile of the upper support above the ballast holding device. Alternatively or additionally, the upper support above the ballast holding device may not extend straight upwards. For example, the upper support may extend obliquely at least above the ballast holding device, such that upward movement of the ballast holding device is substantially prevented at least if, at the same time, movement of the ballast holding device forwards and / or backwards in the direction of extension of the base rail is prevented, such that the ballast holding device cannot follow the course of the upper support.

[0057] The ballast holding device can be a ballast trough or ballast rail, which has a recess for receiving ballast and a support edge configured to be arranged on the base rail. The at least one opening of the ballast holding device can be formed with a cutout in the support edge, which is open to a lateral edge of the ballast holding device. The cutout can encompass the upper support. In this case, edges of the cutout can abut the upper support at the front and rear in the extension direction of the base rail, so that forward and rearward movement of the ballast holding device is essentially prevented.

[0058] The disclosure provides a device for supporting solar modules, comprising a base rail, an upper support arranged on the base rail for holding an upper end of a solar module, and a ballast device for receiving ballast. One side of the ballast holding device is arranged on the base rail in such a way that the ballast holding device rests on the base rail at least in sections and the upper support is arranged at least in sections in at least one opening of the ballast holding device. The upper support is shaped in such a way that an upward movement of the ballast holding device is essentially prevented. In connection with such a device, the above statements regarding the ballast holding device and its arrangement in a device for supporting solar modules, in which the upper support has a first support element and a second support element, apply accordingly.

[0059] The upper support can have a plurality of first connecting elements. For example, the upper support can have two first connecting elements arranged on the first support element, which are designed, for example, as separate pins or as formations of the first support element and extend away from the first support element in opposite directions transverse to a direction of extension of the base rail. In this case, the first receiving opening and the second receiving opening can extend through opposite walls of the base rail, so that the two first connecting elements each lie on a wall of the base rail when the first connecting elements are arranged in the first receiving opening or the second receiving opening, and thus support the first support element on both sides of the base rail.Alternatively or additionally, the upper support may have a plurality of second connecting elements, wherein the configurations implemented in conjunction with a plurality of first connecting elements may be provided accordingly.

[0060] Receiving openings in the base rail can, in particular, be open towards an upper side of the base rail. For example, receiving openings can be designed as upwardly open recesses in the base rail, which extend across the entire width of the base rail and into which connecting elements running transversely to an extension direction of the base rail can be inserted from above. Alternatively, receiving openings can be formed with laterally delimited openings in an upper side of the base rail, for example with bores in the upper side of the base rail. In such configurations, for example, vertically running connecting elements, for example vertically arranged pins, can be inserted or plugged into the receiving openings from above.As a further alternative, receiving openings open to one side of the base rail can be provided, which can be designed analogously to the versions with receiving openings open upwards and into which corresponding connecting elements of the upper support can be inserted from the relevant side of the base rail.

[0061] The first support element and the second support element can be identically designed and connected to each other to form the upper support. For example, the first support element and the second support element can have the same shape and be arranged rotated by an angle of 180 degrees around a longitudinal axis and connected to each other, for example, at a hinge point.

[0062] In general, additional positions can be provided beyond the first and second positions of a first support element. In connection with the device for supporting solar modules, additional heights of the upper support above the base rail can be adjusted. In connection with the arrangement, additional angles of inclination of the solar module relative to the base rail can be provided. The number of additional elements and their possible positions can be adjusted accordingly. For example, additional receiving openings can be provided.

[0063] The solar module arrangement can have a plurality of support devices. In a configuration with two support devices, a first support device and a second support device can be arranged and aligned with one another such that the base rail of the first support device and the base rail of the second support device run essentially parallel and the upper support of the first support device is arranged directly opposite the upper support of the second support device. The solar module can be arranged with a first side on the first support device, wherein an upper end of the solar module is held in the region of the first side by the upper support of the first support device. The solar module can be arranged with a second side opposite the first side on the second support device, wherein the upper end of the solar module is held in the region of the second side by the upper support of the second support device.The respective first support elements of the first and second support devices are either each arranged in the first position, wherein both first support elements are arranged relative to the respective base rail such that the solar module is arranged at the first angle of inclination relative to the base rails, or the respective first support elements of the first and second support devices are arranged in the respective second position, wherein both first support elements are arranged relative to the respective base rail such that the solar module is arranged at the second angle of inclination relative to the base rails.

[0064] The solar module arrangement may comprise a third support device, which is arranged between the first and second support devices, for example, with the base rail aligned parallel to the base rails of the first and second support devices, and centrally supports the solar module. Furthermore, the solar module arrangement may comprise any number of additional support devices.

[0065] A substantially parallel course of base rails of different support devices means a parallel course of the base rails within the scope of the usual assembly tolerances during the installation of solar modules. An arrangement of the upper support of the first support device directly opposite the upper support of the second support device can, in particular, mean that a straight line running perpendicular to the base rails of the first and second support devices through a point on the upper support of the first support device also runs through the same point on the upper support of the second support device or runs at only a small distance from this point.The essentially parallel arrangement of base rails and arrangement of supports directly opposite each other is particularly fulfilled if an arrangement of a large number of solar modules next to and along base rails one behind the other is possible without any interference between the respective frames of the solar modules, for example collisions or overlaps.

[0066] Two solar modules can be arranged next to one another in a solar module arrangement, with one solar module being arranged with a first side on a support device and another solar module being arranged with a second side on the same support device. The other side of the solar modules can be arranged on a respective further support device, which can form a lateral end of the solar module arrangement or on which a respective side of further solar modules can be arranged.

[0067] Two solar modules can be arranged one behind the other in a solar module array, with the solar modules being inclined in the same or opposite directions. With the same inclination, each upper end of the solar modules can be supported by a respective upper support. With the solar modules being inclined in opposite directions, each upper end of both solar modules can be supported by the same upper support.

[0068] In a solar module arrangement, solar modules can be arranged either side by side or one behind the other, whereby the above-described embodiments of such arrangements can be provided accordingly. In an arrangement of two solar modules side by side and two further solar modules one behind the other with opposite inclinations, the four solar modules can be held by the same upper support, particularly in a respective corner area.

[0069] A support device of the solar module arrangement can be a device for supporting solar modules according to the disclosure. A support device, in particular a device for supporting solar modules according to the disclosure, can be configured to hold a respective upper end of up to four solar modules in the region of one side. For this purpose, the upper support of the support device can have one or more stop elements against which solar modules, in particular frame profiles of solar modules, can be placed for mounting on the support device. In particular, the one or more stop elements can form a respective stop for a respective upper edge and / or for a respective side edge of four solar modules.Alternatively or additionally, the upper support of the support device may comprise fastening elements, for example clamping elements and / or screw elements, for a respective fastening of a respective upper end of up to four solar modules.

[0070] In the kit, the method for producing a device for supporting solar modules and / or the solar module arrangement, the configurations described in connection with the device for supporting solar modules can be provided accordingly and vice versa.

[0071] In particular, the solar module arrangement can be provided with a wind deflector and / or a ballast holding device, which is arranged with a first side on the first device and with a second side opposite the first side on the second device, wherein the configurations described in connection with the device in connection with the wind deflector and / or with the ballast holding device can be provided accordingly for the support device or the support devices, each relating to one side of the wind deflector and / or the ballast holding device. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that at least one base rail of the support device or the support devices is configured according to the described configurations to receive and guide one or more cables of a solar module.

[0072] As an alternative or in addition to the described embodiments, the support device can be formed with a water drainage system in the area of ​​the base rail and the safety rail. For this purpose, drainage grooves can be provided in the base area of ​​the base rail, which extend in the longitudinal direction of the base rail and serve to drain water, in particular rainwater. If cables are laid in the base rail, this prevents the cables from lying in water. The water running off or drained away from the base rail via the drainage grooves can then reach the safety rail below and be drained outwards along recesses formed on the safety rail in the base area. Drainage channels are formed by means of the recesses and the base of the safety rail arranged above them.

[0073] In a further embodiment, alternatively or in addition to the described embodiments, it can be provided that the lower support is formed with a support component pivotally mounted on the base rail. The support or holding component provides a support surface for placing the solar module, wherein a spacer pin can be arranged next to each other on support surfaces, which spacer pin forms a stop for the solar modules to be arranged on both sides. The holding component is pivotally mounted on the base rail about a pivot axis that extends transversely to the longitudinal direction of the base rail. Holding claws can grip the base rail on opposite sides and at a distance from the base rail, so that the shear rail can be pushed into the space between the base rail and the holding claw. If the holding component is pivoted about the pivot axis, the holding claws can be released from engagement (by pivoting upwards).The pivoting bearing of the holding component enables continuous adjustment to different inclination angles of the solar module. Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen

[0074] Further embodiments are explained in more detail below with reference to the figures of a drawing. Herein: Fig. 1 shows a device for supporting solar modules in an unsecured configuration; Fig. 2 shows another device for supporting solar modules in a secured configuration; Fig. 3 shows yet another device for supporting solar modules in a transport configuration; Fig. 4A shows a device for supporting solar modules with a low upper support; Fig. 4B shows another device for supporting solar modules with a high upper support; Fig. 5 shows a solar module arrangement in a one-sided 10-degree configuration; Fig. 6 shows another solar module arrangement in a one-sided 15-degree configuration; Fig. 7 shows another solar module arrangement in a two-sided 10-degree configuration; Fig. 8A shows a detailed view of a solar module arrangement; Fig. 8B shows a detailed view of another solar module arrangement; Fig. 9 shows a schematic representation of an arrangement for a device for supporting a solar module with the base rail; Fig.10 a schematic representation of a portion of the arrangement of . Fig. 9 with a support or holding component; Fig. 11 a schematic representation of an arrangement for a device for supporting a solar module with a lateral wind deflector; Fig. 12 a schematic representation of a section of the arrangement Fig. 11 ; Fig. 13 an enlarged schematic representation of the section of the arrangement from Fig. 12 ; Fig. 14 an enlarged schematic representation of the section of the arrangement from Fig. 13 with a support or holding component and Fig. 15 an enlarged schematic representation of the section of the arrangement from Fig. 14 .

[0075] The Fig. 1 shows a device for supporting solar modules. The device is formed with a base rail 1. An upper support 2 is arranged on the base rail 1, which serves to hold an upper end of a solar module on one side of the solar module.

[0076] The upper support 2 is height-adjustable. For this purpose, the support is formed with two support elements 3a, 3b. In the embodiment of the Fig. 1 Each of the support elements 3a, 3b is formed with two metal castings 4, which are connected to each other by cylindrical pins 5. In the embodiment shown, the four metal castings 4 are structurally identical.

[0077] The support elements 3a, 3b are connected to each other at two articulation points 6a, 6b, which lie on an articulation axis A, by means of a cylindrical pin 5, enabling rotation about the articulation axis A. This allows the support elements 3a, 3b to pivot relative to each other. At a respective lower end of the support elements 3a, 3b, the cylindrical pins 5 are each formed with two connecting elements 7a, 7b, which protrude laterally from the support elements 3a, 3b.

[0078] The connecting elements 7a, 7b can be arranged in receiving openings 8a, 8b, 8c of the base rail 1. In this case, a first receiving opening 8a and a second receiving opening 8b of the base rail are each formed as a recess penetrating the base rail 1 over its entire width and opening to an upper side of the base rail, which each form a slot shape in opposite side walls 9a, 9b of the base rail 1. The connecting elements 7a of a first support element 3a can be inserted from above into the first receiving opening 8a or the second receiving opening 8b. This determines the respective position of the lower end of the first support element 3a along the course of the base rail 3. In the device according to the Fig. 1 the first connecting elements 7a are arranged in the first receiving opening 8a.

[0079] A further receiving opening 8c of the base rail 1 is formed as a recess with a circular cross-section penetrating the entire width of the base rail 1, which forms circular bores in the opposite side walls 9a, 9b of the base rail 1. The connecting elements 7b of a second support element 3b are rotatably arranged in the further receiving opening 8c. In the embodiment shown, the connecting elements 7b of the second support element 3b are designed as pin ends arranged in and protruding from the respective cylindrical pin 5, which engage in the further receiving opening 8c and fix the lower end of the second support element 3b in place along the extension direction of the base rail 1.

[0080] The Fig. 2 shows a device for supporting solar modules, in which, compared to the design of the Fig. 1 the connecting elements 7a of the first support element 3a are arranged in the second receiving opening 8b of the base rail 1. As a result, the first support element 3a and the second support element 3b are arranged opposite the Fig. 1 shown configuration are pivoted towards each other and a distance between the lower ends of the first support element 3a and the second support element 3b, which is determined by the distance of the first connecting elements 7a to the second connecting elements 7b, is increased. Thus, the height of the respective triangle above the base rail 1 is reduced, which is formed by the first connecting elements 7a, the second connecting elements 7b and the hinge points 6a, 6b. This results in a lower overall height of the upper support of the embodiment of the Fig. 2 compared to the upper support of the Fig. 1 shown configuration. In addition, a support point for a solar module shifts relative to the base rail 1. This results in a solar module, the upper end of which is held on the respective upper support 2 and the lower end of which is at the height of the respective base rail 1, between the configurations of the Fig. 1 and 2 a different angle from the horizontal.

[0081] Comparing the representations of the Fig. 1 and 2It can be seen that, depending on the arrangement of the first connecting elements 7a in the first 8a or second 8b receiving opening, the cylindrical pins 5 arranged along the course of the base rail 1 in front of and behind the hinge points 6a, 6b come into contact with different openings of the cast metal parts 4 of the first 3a and second 3b support elements. For additional stabilization of the upper support 2, the respective pins 5 are secured in the corresponding openings.

[0082] The upper support 2 has a holding device 10, which has two support surfaces 11a, 11b for holding a respective solar module, onto which one or more solar modules can each be placed and fixed. The support surfaces 11a, 11b are arranged at an angle to a central section of the holding device 10 in order to support a solar module at an angle to the horizontal. Stops are formed on the support surfaces 11a, 11b, against which stops solar modules to be arranged on the holding device 10 can be placed laterally in order to align them, in particular with a frame structure of the solar modules. It can thus be seen that in the illustrated embodiment, the holding device 10 is configured to hold four solar modules, namely two solar modules arranged laterally next to one another on each of the support surfaces 11a, 11b.

[0083] As in the comparison of the Fig. 1 and 2As can be seen, the first receiving opening 8a and the second receiving opening 8b have different depths from the top side of the base rail 1. As a result, the first connecting elements 7a and the second connecting elements 7b are arranged at the same height when the first connecting elements 7a are arranged in the second receiving opening 8b, as in the Fig. 2 shown. If the first connecting elements 7a are arranged in the first receiving opening 8a, the first connecting elements 7a are higher than the second connecting elements 7b. As a result, in the configuration according to the Fig. 1 the holding device with respect to a horizontal alignment of the middle section, which is in the configuration according to the Fig. 2 This results in a different angle to the horizontal of the support surface 11a in the different configurations. In the exemplary configuration of the Fig. 1 the angle of the support surface 11a relative to the horizontal, and thus the angle relative to the horizontal at which a solar module is arranged flat on the support surface 11a, is 15 degrees. According to the embodiment of the Fig. 2 the angle of the support surface 11a relative to the horizontal, and thus the support angle of a solar module, is 10 degrees.

[0084] The cylindrical pin 5 arranged on the joint axis A, as well as the cylindrical pins 5 arranged along the course of the base rail 1 in front of and behind the joint points 6a, 6b, are arranged in openings provided for this purpose in the holding device 10. By securing the cylindrical pins 5 arranged along the course of the base rail 1 in front of and behind the joint points 6a, 6b in the corresponding openings of the metal castings 4 in the various positions of the support elements 3a, 3b, the position and orientation of the holding device 10 can also be secured.

[0085] In the embodiment shown, the second connecting elements 7b are pre-assembled in the additional receiving opening 8c in the delivery state of the device. To prepare the device for supporting a solar module, the first connecting elements 7a are arranged in the first 8a or the second 8b receiving opening. In the embodiment shown, the cylindrical pins 5 arranged in front of and behind the hinge points 6a, 6b are secured in the corresponding openings of the cast metal parts 4 only after the first connecting elements 7a have been arranged in the first 8a or the second 8b receiving opening, since when the first connecting elements 7a are arranged in the first 8a or the second 8b receiving opening, the support elements 3a, 3b must be movable relative to one another.

[0086] In the Fig. 1 A securing rail 12 is shown along the course of the base rail 1 behind the base rail 1. The securing rail 12 is formed with a connecting rail, which is designed to connect several arrangements one behind the other. The securing rail 12 is formed with a profile which is adapted to the outer shape of the base rail 1 in such a way that the securing rail 12 surrounds the base rail 1 from below, partially covering the side walls 9a, 9b of the base rail 1. For this purpose, the securing rail 12 is pushed onto the base rail 1. This is shown in the Fig. 2 shown.

[0087] When pushed onto the base rail 1, the safety rail 12 partially covers and closes the first 8a and second 8b receiving openings. A first position (not shown) of the safety rail 12 is defined in which the safety rail is partially pushed onto the base rail 1, but does not yet cover and close the first 8a and second 8b receiving openings. Fig. 2 In the second position of the securing rail 12 shown, it is pushed onto the base rail 1 to such an extent that it partially covers and closes the first 8a and the second 8b receiving opening. This prevents the first connecting elements 7a from coming out of the receiving opening 8a, 8b in which they are arranged (in the embodiment of the Fig. 2 i.e., out of the second receiving opening 8b). This secures the upper support, in particular the first support element 3a, in a desired position.

[0088] Respective projections are formed on the inside of the securing rail 12 so that the securing rail 12 can encompass and secure the connecting elements 7a both in the higher arrangement in the first receiving opening 8a and in the lower arrangement in the second receiving opening 8b.

[0089] The safety rail 12 can be locked in the second position. For example, locking elements can be provided between the base rail 1 and the safety rail 12, to which the safety rail 12 is secured in the second position. For example, the first 7a and / or the second 7b connecting elements can be formed with resilient pin elements, which engage in corresponding recesses on the inside of the safety rail 12 for securing. Alternatively, the safety rail 12 can be secured to the base rail 1 in the second position, for example, by means of inserted pins, screws, gluing, or welding.

[0090] The Fig. 3 shows an arrangement for a holding system for solar modules in a transport configuration. Here, the first connecting elements 7a are moved completely rearward, whereby the first support element 3a is arranged relative to the second support element 3b such that the upper support 2 is completely collapsed. Here, the support elements 3a, 3b are arranged essentially within the base rail 1. The support elements 3a, 3b and the holding device 10 still protrude upwards beyond the profile of the base rail. Nevertheless, a significantly more compact design is achieved, which can facilitate transport of the arrangement in the transport configuration. The connecting rail forming the securing rail 12 is arranged almost completely above the base rail 1 in the transport configuration.Here, the first connecting elements 7a are arranged outside, namely behind, the base rail 1 and are encompassed by a section of the securing rail 12 that protrudes beyond the base rail 1. This secures the connecting elements 7a and thus the upper support 2 in the transport configuration. Additionally, lower supports 13 are arranged on the base rail 1, each of which is configured to hold a lower end of a solar module.

[0091] The Fig. 4A and 4B show devices for supporting solar modules, in which a securing rail 12 is used to secure upper supports which are not height-adjustable. According to the illustration of the Fig. 4A An upper support 2a with a first height is arranged on a base rail 1. For this purpose, the base rail 1 has two receiving openings 8d, 8e. The upper support 2a is formed with a support structure 3c which has connecting elements 7c, 7d at the front and rear along the extension direction of the base rail 1. These connecting elements are arranged in the receiving openings 8d, 8e. For this purpose, the receiving openings 8d, 8e of the base rail 1 are open upwards. A securing rail 12 can be pushed onto the base rail 1 so that it partially covers and closes the receiving openings 8d, 8e and thus secures the connecting elements 7c, 7d and consequently the upper support 2a - analogous to the embodiments with reference to the embodiments of the Fig. 1 and 2 - secures. Compared to the Fig. 4A is designed according to the Fig. 4B an upper support 2b is arranged on the base rail 1, which is higher than the upper support 2a according to the design of the Fig. 4A .

[0092] The safety certificate 12 can therefore be used when assembling the respective device in accordance with the Fig. 4A and 4B The respective upper support 2a, 2b can be secured to the base rail 1 by moving the securing rail 12 to the second position. Furthermore, an exchange of upper supports is possible by moving the securing rail 12 to the first position, removing the upper support arranged on the base rail 1, arranging the desired upper support on the base rail 1, and moving the securing rail 12 to the second position.

[0093] The Fig. 5 shows a solar module arrangement. The solar module arrangement comprises two devices 100a, 100b, each comprising a base rail 1a, 1b, an upper support 2a, 2b, a lower support 13a, 13b, and a connecting rail 12a, 12b serving as a securing rail for connecting the base rails 1a, 1b to additional base rails for expanding the support system.

[0094] The base rails 1a, 1b of the devices 100a, 100b are aligned parallel and the upper supports 2a, 2b and the lower supports 13a, 13b are arranged at the same height along the base rails 1a, 1b. A solar module 101, which for a better overview is shown in the Fig. 5 is only shown as a frame, rests at an upper end on opposite sides on the support surfaces 11a of the upper supports 2a, 2b and is held by them. At a lower end, the solar module 101 rests with the opposite sides on the lower supports 13a, 13b and is held by them. The solar module 101 is thus held by means of the solar module arrangement at four support points, whereby the support can be understood as point-like in contrast to a linear support on the frame of the solar module 101. It is thus with the Fig. 5 The holding system shown provides a four-point mounting of the solar module 101.

[0095] The upper supports 2a, 2b of the devices 100a, 100b are each arranged with the first connecting elements 7a in the second receiving openings 8b, so that the upper supports 2a, 2b have the same height above the base rail 1 and the support surfaces 11a have an angle of 10 degrees to the horizontal. The solar module 101 is thus aligned in the holding system at an angle of 10 degrees to the horizontal.

[0096] The Fig. 6 shows a solar module arrangement in a different configuration. In the solar module arrangement, the upper supports 2a, 2b are each arranged with the first connecting elements 7a in the first receiving openings 8a, so that the upper supports 2a, 2b have the same height above the base rail 1 and the support surfaces 11a have an angle of 15 degrees to the horizontal. The solar module 101 is in the holding system according to the Fig. 6 thus aligned at an angle of 15 degrees to the horizontal.

[0097] In alternative embodiments, the devices 100a, 100b, in particular the upper supports 2a, 2b, can be configured such that other angles of the solar module 101 can be set. For this purpose, receiving openings and pins 5, as well as bores in which they are received, can be configured and arranged such that, with a corresponding arrangement of the first support elements 3a of the upper supports 2a, 2b, the desired angles of the solar module 101 are set.

[0098] An arrangement of several solar modules 101 in a respective arrangement according to one of the Fig. 5 or 6 be provided next to each other. In this case, it can be provided that two solar modules 101 arranged next to each other are held next to each other on the same support surface 11a, so that two solar modules are held on the same upper support 2a, 2b.

[0099] The Fig. 7 shows a further solar module arrangement in which two solar modules 101a, 101b are arranged one behind the other. Here, the first solar module 101a rests at an upper end on opposite sides on the support surfaces 11a of the upper supports 2a, 2b and is held by them. At its lower end, the first solar module 101a rests with the opposite sides on the lower supports 13a, 13b of the devices 100a, 100b and is held by them. The second solar module 101b rests at an upper end on opposite sides on the support surfaces 11b of the upper supports 2a, 2b and is held by them. At its lower end, the second solar module 101b rests with the opposite sides on further lower devices, which are not otherwise shown, and is held by them. An arrangement of several pairs of solar modules 101a, 101b according to the Fig. 7 be provided next to each other. It can be provided that two solar modules 101a, 101b arranged next to each other are held next to each other on the same support surface 11a, 11b, so that four solar modules are held on the same upper support 2a, 2b.

[0100] In the solar module arrangement according to the Fig. 7 The upper supports 2a, 2b are each arranged with the first connecting elements 7a in the second receiving openings 8b, so that the upper supports 2a, 2b have the same height above the base rail 1 and the support surfaces 11a, 11b each have an angle of 10 degrees to the horizontal, wherein the support surfaces 11a, 11b are arranged sloping in opposite directions. The solar modules 101a, 101b are arranged in the solar module arrangement according to the Fig. 7 thus aligned opposite each other at an angle of 10 degrees to the horizontal and lowered in opposite directions.

[0101] The Fig. 5 , 6 and 7 The solar module assemblies shown are designed for mounting solar modules on flat roofs, whereby the disclosed mounting systems can also be used for other applications, for example, a free-standing mounting of solar modules. In the case of flat roof mounting, it is not possible in many applications to connect the mounting system to the roof. For this reason, and in embodiments in which a connection to the flat roof is possible to increase safety, the mounting systems of the solar module assemblies according to the embodiments of the Fig. 5 , 6 and 7Ballast trays 102, which can be filled with ballast to increase the weight of the support system and thus prevent movement of the support system, for example due to wind influences. The ballast trays rest on the edge areas of the base rails 1a, 1b on opposite sides. As can be seen particularly in the detailed views of the Fig. 8A and 8B As can be seen, the ballast trays 102 have openings 103 in the edge areas. The openings 103 are arranged and shaped in such a way that the support elements 3a, 3b in the various arrangements of the connecting elements 7a, 7b are received in the receiving openings 8a, 8b, 8c in the openings 103. In the Fig. 8A This is shown for a configuration of the arrangement 100b for 10-degree orientation of the solar module 101. The Fig. 8B shows a corresponding configuration for a 15-degree orientation of the solar module 101.

[0102] Due to the shape of the support elements 3a, 3b, in particular their upward widening and the oblique alignment of the struts of the metal castings 4, upward movement of the ballast tray 102 is limited. A (complete) lifting of the ballast tray 102 from the base rails 1a, 1b is thus prevented. The ballast tray 102 is thus secured to the holding system.

[0103] The Fig. 5 and 6 The solar module arrangements shown additionally each have a rear wind deflector 104. The rear wind deflector 104 is formed with a shaped sheet and prevents wind from flowing under the respective solar module 101 from behind and moving it upwards. As shown in the detailed illustrations of the Fig. 8A and 8BAs shown by way of example for various configurations of the upper support 2b, a deflector holder 105 is arranged on the holding device 10 of the upper support 2b. The deflector holder 105 has a support surface 106 which is convexly rounded. The rear wind deflector 104 has a contact surface 107 which is concavely rounded to match the shape of the support surface 106. The respective shape of the support surface 106 and the contact surface 107 is selected such that between a high configuration of the upper support 2b and a low configuration of the upper support 2b, the rear wind deflector 104 is merely displaced on the support surface 106. This is particularly noticeable when comparing the Fig. 8A and 8BDue to the shape of the contact surface 107, the same rear wind deflector 104 is thus suitable in conjunction with the deflector holder 105 for use in holding systems or solar module arrangements with different angular configurations of solar elements, for example both for a holding system in 10-degree configuration, as exemplified in the Fig. 5 shown, as well as for a holding system in 15-degree configuration, as exemplified in the Fig. 6 shown.

[0104] The upper end of the rear wind deflector 104 is fixed to the deflector bracket 105 by means of appropriate fastening means in the desired position. For example, the rear wind deflector 104 arranged on the support surface 106 can be screwed to the deflector bracket 105 or fixed by means of clamping elements. A lower end of the rear wind deflector 104 can be held by means of a lower support 13. Fig. 8A It is shown by way of example that the lower end of the wind deflector 104 is held by a lower support 13 of a further arrangement (not shown) arranged behind the arrangement 100b. Alternatively, the lower end of the wind deflector 104 can rest on another element. Fig. 8B It is shown by way of example that the rear end of the wind deflector 104 rests on the connecting rail of the arrangement 100b serving as the securing rail 12b.

[0105] In addition to or as an alternative to a rear wind deflector 104, side wind deflectors 108 may be provided to prevent wind from flowing from the side under the respective solar module 101 and moving it upwards. Fig. 5 and 6 Such a lateral wind deflector 108 is shown in the form of a sheet on the respective arrangement 100a. According to the embodiment of the Fig. 7 Two lateral wind deflectors 108a, 108b are provided on the arrangement 100a, which together shield the entire side of the holding system against wind. For a better overview, Fig. 5 , 6 and 7 No lateral wind deflectors 108 are shown on the respective arrangement 100b. However, corresponding lateral wind deflectors 108 can also be used for the arrangements 100b according to the embodiments of the Fig. 5 , 6 and 7 be provided.

[0106] Alternatively or additionally, a front wind deflector (not shown) can be provided on the front.

[0107] The base rails 1, 1a, 1b and / or the securing rails 12, 12a, 12b can be designed in various embodiments as cable guides to accommodate and guide supply cables for solar modules 101, 101a, 101b. The cables arranged in the base rails 1, 1a, 1b and / or the securing rails 12, 12a, 12b are protected from external damage by means of such cable guides. An example of a corresponding routing of cables in the base rail 1b and the securing rail 12b in the Fig. 6 shown.

[0108] Alternatively or additionally, a cable guide can be provided on the support elements 3a, 3b.

[0109] Fig. 9 shows a schematic representation of an arrangement for a device for supporting a solar module with the base rail 1, on which the support element 3a is arranged as part of the upper support. A further embodiment of the lower support 13 with a support component 120 pivotally mounted on the base rail 1 is arranged on the base rail 1. The section of the base rail 1 with the support or holding component 120 is shown in Fig. 10 Enlarged view. The support component 120 provides a support surface 121 for placing the solar module (not shown), wherein a spacer pin 123 is arranged next to the support surfaces 121, 122, which forms a stop for the solar modules to be arranged on both sides. The holding component 120 is pivotally mounted on the base rail 1 about a pivot axis 124, which extends transversely to the longitudinal direction of the base rail 1. In the Fig. 9 and 10In the position shown, retaining claws 125 engage the base rail 1 on opposite sides and spaced from the base rail 1, so that the shear rail 12 (not shown) can be pushed into the space between the base rail 1 and the retaining claw 125. If the retaining component 120 is pivoted about the pivot axis 124, the retaining claws 125 can be Fig. 10 The locking mechanism shown can be released (by pivoting upwards). The pivotable mounting of the holding component 120 thus enables continuous adjustment to different inclination angles of the solar module.

[0110] According to the presentation in Fig. 10 Drainage grooves 127 are formed in the bottom area 126 in the longitudinal direction of the base rail 1, which serve to drain water, in particular rainwater (see also detailed illustration in Fig. 14 ). If cables are laid in the base rail 1, this prevents the cables from lying in water. The water draining from the base rail 1 via the drainage grooves 127 can then reach the underlying securing rail 12 and be drained outward through recesses 128 formed in the securing rail 12. Drainage channels are formed by the recesses 128 and the base of the securing rail arranged above them.

[0111] In the Fig. 11 bis 15 an embodiment is shown in which the lateral wind deflector 108 is provided. According to Fig. 14 and 15 a section 130 of the side wind deflector 108 is received in a recess 131 on the securing rail 12 and thus secured in its mounting position.

[0112] The solar module 101a is secured to the holding component 120 by means of a clamping element 132, wherein in the embodiment shown, a screw connection is used as a mechanical securing means. The clamping element 132 can be adjusted using associated locking profiles 133, thereby clamping solar modules of different heights or thicknesses.

[0113] The features disclosed in the above description, the claims and the drawings may be important for the realization of the various embodiments both individually and in any combination.

Claims

1. A device for supporting solar modules, comprising - a base rail (1); - an upper support (2) arranged on the base rail (1) for holding an upper end of a solar module (101), comprising a first support element (3a) and a second support element (3b); and - a lower support (13) arranged on the base rail for holding a lower end of a solar module (101); wherein - the first support element (3a) and the second support element (3b) are pivotably connected to each other at a hinge point in such a manner that the first support element (3a) is movable relative to the second support element (3b) between a first position and a second position; - the upper support (2) extends up to a first height above the base rail (1) when the first support element (3a) is arranged in the first position; - the upper support (2) extends up to a second height above the base rail (1), which is different from the first height, when the first support element (3a) is arranged in the second position; characterized in that - the upper support (2) comprises a holding device (10) which, for holding a respective solar module, comprises two support surfaces (11a, 11b), onto which, respectively, one or more solar modules can be placed and fixed, wherein - the support surfaces (11a, 11b) are arranged at an angle to a central section of the holding device (10) in order to support a solar module at an angle to the horizontal.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein - the base rail (1) has a first receiving opening (8a) and a second receiving opening (8b); - the upper support (2) has a first connecting element (7a) arranged on the first support element (3a) and a second connecting element (7b) arranged on the second support element (3b); - the first connecting element (7a) is arranged in the first receiving opening (8a) when the first support element (3a) is in the first position; and - the first connecting element (7a) is arranged in the second receiving opening (8b) when the first supporting element (3a) is in the second position.

3. The device according to claim 2, comprising a securing rail (12) which is arranged on the base rail (1) so as to at least partially encompass the base rail (1), and is movable along the base rail (1) between a first position and a second position, wherein - the securing rail (12) at least partially closes at least one of the first receiving opening (8a) and the second receiving opening (8b) in the second position in such a manner that a movement of the first connecting element (7a) out of the first receiving opening (8a) and / or the second receiving opening (8b) is prevented; and - the securing rail (12) unblocks the first receiving opening (8a) and the second receiving opening (8b) in the first position in such a manner that a movement of the first connecting element (7a) out of the first receiving opening (8a) and the second receiving opening (8b) is made possible.

4. The device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the second connecting element (7b) is stationarily arranged in a further receiving opening (8c) of the base rail (1).

5. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the upper support (2) can be arranged in a first holding position in which the upper support (2) is configured to hold a solar module (101) at a first angle relative to the base rail (1), and in a second holding position in which the upper support (2) is configured to hold a solar module (101) at a second angle relative to the base rail (1), which is different from the first angle.

6. The device according to claim 5, wherein the upper support (2) is arranged in the first holding position when the first support element (3a) is arranged in the first position, and the upper support (2) is arranged in the second holding position when the first support element (3a) is arranged in the second position.

7. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the first support element (3a) is fixable in each of the first position and in the second position with respect to the second support element (3b).

8. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the first support element (3a) is movable relative to the second support element (3b) into a transport position of the first support element (3a), and the second support element (3b) is movable relative to the base rail (1) into a transport position of the second support element (3b) in such a manner that the upper support (2) is arranged substantially within the base rail (1) when the first support element (3a) and the second support element (3b) are arranged in the respective transport position.

9. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the upper support (2) has a deflector holder (106) which is configured to hold a wind deflector (104) on the upper support (2) in such a manner that the wind deflector (104) is arranged at a first deflector angle relative to the base rail (1) when the first support element (3a) is arranged in the first position, and the wind deflector (104) is arranged at a second deflector angle relative to the base rail (1) when the first support element (3a) is arranged in the second position.

10. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the base rail (1) is configured to receive and route a cable of a solar module (101).

11. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the base rail (1) is configured to have one side of a ballast holding device (102) arranged thereon in such a manner that the ballast holding device (102) rests at least in sections on the base rail (1), and the upper support (2) is configured to be arranged at least in sections in at least one opening (103) of the ballast holding device (102) when the latter rests at least in sections on the base rail (1), wherein the upper support (2) is shaped in such a manner that in this case, it substantially prevents an upward movement of the ballast holding device (102).

12. A kit for a device according to at least one of the preceding claims, comprising - a base rail (1); - an upper support (2) for holding an upper end of a solar module (101), comprising a first support element (3a) and a second support element (3b), wherein - the first support element (3a) and the second support element (3b) are pivotably connected to one another at a hinge point in such a manner that the first support element (3a) is movable relative to the second support element (3b) between a first position and a second position, and - the upper support (2) has a holding device (10) which, for holding a respective solar module, has two support surfaces (11a, 11b) onto which, respectively, one or more solar modules can be placed and fixed, wherein the support surfaces (11a, 11b) are arranged at an angle to a central section of the holding device (10) in order to support a solar module at an angle to the horizontal; and - a lower support (13) for holding a lower end of a solar module (101), wherein - the lower support (13) is configured to be arranged on the base rail (1) for manufacturing a device for supporting solar modules; and - the upper support (2) is configured to be arranged on the base rail (1) for manufacturing the device for supporting solar modules, and the first support element (3a) is configured in this case - to be arranged in the first position in such a manner that the upper support element (2) extends up to a first height above the base rail (1); and - to be arranged in the second position in such a manner that the upper support element (2) extends up to a second height above the base rail (1), which is different from the first height.

13. A method for manufacturing a device according to any one of claims 1 - 11 for supporting solar modules, comprising the steps of: - providing a base rail (1); - providing a lower support (13) for holding a lower end of a solar module (101); - providing an upper support (2) for holding an upper end of a solar module (101), having a first support element (3a) and a second support element (3b), wherein - the first support element (3a) and the second support element (3b) are pivotably connected to one another at a hinge point in such a manner that the first support element (3a) is movable relative to the second support element (3b) between a first position and a second position, and - the upper support (2) has a holding device (10) which, for holding a respective solar module, has two support surfaces (11a, 11b) onto which, respectively, one or more solar modules can be placed and fixed, wherein the support surfaces (11a, 11b) are arranged at an angle to a central section of the holding device (10) in order to support a solar module at an angle to the horizontal; - arranging the lower support (13) on the base rail (1); and - arranging the upper support (2) on the base rail (1), wherein - the first support element (3a) is arranged in the first position in such a manner that the upper support (2) extends up to a first height above the base rail (1), or - the first support element (3a) is arranged in the second position in such a manner that the upper support (2) extends up to a second height above the base rail (1), which is different from the first height.

14. A solar module arrangement, comprising - a support device (100a, 100b) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, and - a solar module (101), wherein - the solar module (101) is arranged on the support device (100a, 100b), and an upper end of the solar module (101) is supported by the upper support (2); and - the first support element (3a) of the support device (100a, 100b) is arranged in the first position, wherein the first support element (3a) is arranged in the first position with respect to the base rail (1) of the support device (100a, 100b) in such a manner that the solar module (101) is arranged at a first angle of inclination with respect to the base rail (1); or - the first support element (3a) of the support device (100a, 100b) is arranged in the second position, wherein the first support element (3a) is arranged in the second position with respect to the base rail (1) of the support device (100a, 100b) in such a manner that, with respect to the base rail (1), the solar module (101) is arranged at a second angle of inclination which is different from the first angle of inclination.