Base for an electrical / electronic component

Description

Technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a base, in particular a relay base, comprising a mounting area for detachable mounting of the base on a DIN rail, a receptacle for an electrical and / or electronic component, in particular a relay or a contactor, wherein the base comprises at least two electronic connections for the electrical and / or electronic component, and wherein the base comprises at least two connection contacts, each connected to one of the electronic connections. State of the art

[0002] Sockets for electrical and / or electronic components, especially electromechanical switching elements, are known in a variety of forms. Such sockets are devices for quickly attaching and detaching interchangeable switching elements.

[0003] Such sockets, for example in the form of plug-in sockets, serve as a receptacle for relays, contactors, transistors and / or integrated circuits.

[0004] A relay socket typically includes at least two terminals for the control circuit and two additional terminals for the load circuit. These can be, for example, screw terminals, spring-cage terminals, or leg-type spring terminals, etc. If the socket is only used for one contactor, two terminals are sufficient.

[0005] A relay essentially comprises two electrical connections for the control circuit and two or three electrical connections for the load circuit.

[0006] A relay socket is disclosed, for example, in EP 1 052 731 B1 (Weidmüller Interface GmbH). A clamping body includes locking devices for snapping the clamping body onto a mounting rail. The clamping body comprises a substantially right-angled recess into which a relay module can be inserted. The relay module is secured to the clamping body by a substantially U-shaped swivel bracket, which has two longitudinal legs and a base leg oriented at right angles to the two longitudinal legs. The clamping body is provided on its upper surface with several pairs of connection openings for connecting external conductors.

[0007] The most important sockets of this type are currently relay sockets for mounting on a DIN rail. Relay sockets have been around for many years and are largely standardized mass-produced items. Such relay sockets are typically mounted on DIN rails in control cabinets and are used in particular for controlling machines, industrial plants, building automation systems, etc.

[0008] Relays, especially electromechanical relays, inherently have a limited lifespan. If a relay fails, the installation it controls comes to a standstill until the relay is replaced. Alternatively, the relays could be replaced at regular intervals, but this would remove relays that might still be functioning for a long time.

[0009] Document DE 44 21 267 A1 discloses a base according to the preamble of claim 1. Description of the invention

[0010] The object of the invention is to create a base belonging to the aforementioned technical field for an electrical and / or electronic component, with which a downtime caused by the replacement of a component can be reduced.

[0011] The solution to the problem is defined by the features of claim 1. According to the invention, the base comprises a detection device for detecting a first value of a parameter of the electrical and / or electronic component.

[0012] The base includes a mounting area for attaching the base to a DIN rail. Such mounting areas are familiar to those skilled in the art, particularly from the field of relay bases in various forms. In a preferred embodiment, the mounting area includes at least one snap hook that can engage behind a flank of a DIN rail. The base can, for example, be hooked into the DIN rail from one side via an undercut and secured to the DIN rail on the other side by means of a locking element that engages behind the DIN rail. However, other fastening methods suitable for the detachable mounting of the base to a DIN rail are also known to those skilled in the art.

[0013] The base includes at least two electronic connections for the electrical and / or electronic component. This allows, for example, a fuse or relay to be electrically connected to the base. The base, in turn, includes at least two connection contacts, which are connected to the electronic connections. This allows a load circuit and / or a control circuit to be connected to the at least two electronic connections via these connection contacts.

[0014] The electronic connections can be designed, for example, as sockets, plugs, or similar devices. Likewise, the connection contacts can be designed, for example, as sockets, plugs, terminals, or similar devices. Experts are aware of other ways to create an electrical connection between connecting wires or similar components and the base, as well as between the base and the component.

[0015] In a method for determining a parameter of an electrical and / or electronic component on a socket, in particular a relay or a contactor on a relay socket, a first value of the parameter is detected using a detection device of the socket.

[0016] Generally speaking, replacing a failed component takes significantly more time than replacing one that is still functioning. In the event of a failure, the first step is to identify the faulty component. This isn't always straightforward, as, for example, in the case of a single motor controller, the faulty circuit breaker or the motor itself could also be the culprit. Once identified, it must be checked whether a suitable replacement component is available on-site – procuring such a component can also be quite time-consuming. Finally, the component must be replaced. This requires, for example, the presence of a designated person in a factory. Therefore, an unplanned component failure can result in a considerable loss of time before a replacement is installed. In a production facility, this can lead to a production stoppage, which can incur substantial costs.

[0017] According to the invention, the detection device for capturing the parameter value of the component is arranged in the base. This allows the detection device to be used multiple times, regardless of whether a component needs to be replaced multiple times. In particular, the detection device can also be designed to be largely independent of the component, so that the same detection device can be used for several different components.

[0018] Preferably, the first value is used to determine whether the component meets a predefined parameter criterion. On the one hand, the value itself can provide information about the component's function, allowing, for example, the determination of whether the component is defective or functioning correctly. To make such an assessment, it can be useful to determine several values ​​of the parameter, or even several values ​​of different parameters, over a period of time.

[0019] In some variants, the value can only be used for statistical analysis, meaning the individual value itself is not used to check a criterion. For example, the value could be a single switching cycle, which is accumulated by a processor or counter. In this case, the parameter's criterion could represent reaching a total number of switching cycles, while the value is always 1 (increment). Alternatively, the value could also represent the total number of switching cycles accumulated within the socket itself.

[0020] Preferably, the first value is used to calculate the lifetime of the component. According to the invention, a parameter value, in particular a parameter relevant to the lifetime of the component, can now be used to estimate the remaining expected lifetime of the component. With this estimate, the replacement of the component can be planned in such a way that the failure risk of the component can be weighed against its lifetime. For example, the component can be replaced after 90% of its mean expected lifetime to keep the failure risk of the component below, for example, 0.1%. By replacing the component in a targeted manner, the downtime of the controlled system can be kept to a minimum. In particular, the replacement of the component can be carried out, for example, during maintenance phases or breaks, etc., so that operation does not have to be interrupted.

[0021] The parameter can be one-dimensional; for example, it can simply be used to count the switching operations. However, the parameter can also be a multi-dimensional vector, where, for example, one value of the switching cycle can be assigned a time, and another value of a different parameter, such as a switching time, a maximum current, etc., can be assigned to it.

[0022] In this context, a socket is understood to be a device onto which the electrical and / or electronic component can be connected via the socket's electrical contacts. Signals and / or energy can be transmitted via these electrical contacts.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the base is a base for relays and / or contactors. In particular, it is preferably a relay base. The relays used can be electromechanical relays, solid-state relays, or other relay types known to those skilled in the art. However, it is clear to those skilled in the art that other bases can also be provided, on which other electronic and / or electrical components can be arranged, for example, a fuse, a light source, etc.

[0024] The base is preferably designed to accommodate exactly one module, so that each module has its own dedicated base. In a preferred embodiment, the relay base is designed to accommodate exactly one relay or exactly one contactor. In other embodiments, the base can also be designed to accommodate two or more modules.

[0025] According to the invention, the base comprises the sensing device. The sensing device determines the value of a parameter of the component. Particularly when used in a relay socket, the sensing device can be used to monitor the relay. For example, the functionality of the relay, its expected service life, etc., can be determined.

[0026] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the parameter comprises a switching cycle of the electrical and / or electronic component. This allows the number of switching operations performed by the relay to be determined and monitored. In electrical engineering, a switching cycle refers to the complete change of a switching state of an electrical switch back to its initial position. The term "switching cycle" is synonymous with "switching cycle."

[0027] Especially with relays, for example electromechanical relays, the service life is closely linked to the number of switching cycles performed. The more switching cycles a relay has undergone, the shorter its remaining service life typically is. Because the number of switching cycles is determined by the detection device, the average remaining service life of the component or relay can be estimated. For example, when a threshold for the number of switching cycles is reached, a message can be issued indicating that the component or relay needs to be replaced. This allows for preventative measures against uncontrolled failure of the component or relay.

[0028] In some variations, determining the switching cycle can be omitted. Experts will also be aware that values ​​of other parameters can be recorded and processed (see below).

[0029] The threshold for the number of switching operations can be chosen, for example, to balance the risk of failure with the component's lifespan. The higher the limit for the number of switching operations, the higher the risk of failure, and vice versa. Conversely, the risk of failure can also be minimized by replacing the component after, for example, half its expected lifespan. This might be appropriate for safety-critical systems such as alarm systems, surgical equipment in hospitals, etc.

[0030] Since a mean maximum number of switching cycles or switching plays is often known for relays or reed contacts, a countdown can be set up using the detection direction, which subtracts the completed switching cycles from the mean maximum number of switching cycles and, when the maximum number of switching cycles is reached or when a certain percentage, for example 95% of the maximum number of switching cycles, is reached, a message is issued indicating that the component needs to be replaced.

[0031] For calculating the mean maximum lifespan, experts are familiar with the theory of MTTF (Mean Time To Failure) or other theories from statistics.

[0032] Preferably, the parameter values ​​are collected and evaluated centrally from multiple sockets. The collection of these values ​​can be handled, for example, via cloud-based services, particularly through file hosting or file sharing. This allows the data to be accessed easily from any location. Specifically, the data can also be received via a mobile device, such as a tablet or smartphone.

[0033] In some versions, the parameter values ​​can be stored and managed locally. This allows a prompt, for example to replace a relay, to be displayed directly at the control cabinet or relay socket; the corresponding warning signals (acoustic, visual, radio signal, etc.) are familiar to qualified personnel.

[0034] Preferably, the parameter values ​​from multiple sockets are collected and evaluated centrally. This allows statistical conclusions to be drawn about the socket parameter in order to generate forecasts for it. In particular, for example, a mean time to failure (MTTF) for the components can be determined based on failure data from the components, depending on the number of switching cycles recorded. This allows a limit value for the switching cycles of a component, especially a relay, to be continuously adjusted. Preferably, the limit value is adjusted automatically. This can be particularly advantageous if changes are made during the manufacturing of the components that, for example, lead to an increased service life. In this case, the automatic adjustment of the switching cycle limit can prevent unnecessarily early replacement of the components, thus saving costs.Conversely, batches of components can also be identified that exhibit, for example, an unusually high failure rate. This is typically not easy to determine locally, as usually only individual events can be observed, which do not allow conclusions to be drawn about an entire batch.

[0035] In some variants, the central evaluation of the parameter values ​​can be omitted.

[0036] Preferably, the detection device includes an edge detector for determining the switching cycle. The edge detector provides a simple and cost-effective device for determining the switching cycle. It can detect a change in current or voltage, which is output as a signal and can be detected by the detection device. In this case, one switching cycle would correspond to two measured edges; that is, a switching cycle is determined when the edge detector has detected two consecutive edges.

[0037] Other methods for determining a switching cycle are also known to those skilled in the art. Preferably, the detection device includes a counter for counting the switching cycles of the electrical and / or electronic component. This allows the number of switching operations to be queried, particularly at the socket itself, and a message to be issued if the number exceeds a limit. However, the socket can also be designed such that, after determining a predetermined number of switching cycles, it automatically issues a message, e.g., in the form of a radio signal or the like (see below), whereupon the component can be replaced.

[0038] In some versions, the recording device can also forward the switching sequence to a data receiver (see below) to be counted and evaluated there.

[0039] Preferably, the detection device and / or the transmission device is designed to detect one or more of the following parameters of the electrical and / or electronic component: switching state, switching time, voltage, voltage profile, current, current profile, resistance, temperature. Preferably, one or more of these parameters are detected in the method.

[0040] The switching state can be used to check whether the component, especially the relay, is functioning correctly. For example, a load circuit or similar can be monitored and compared with the switching operations. Furthermore, the switching operations can also be used for later analysis of the controlled systems. In particular, this can optimize troubleshooting in a plant. The following parameters can also be used for this purpose.

[0041] The switching time can be used to monitor whether the component operates consistently. A change in the switching time can, for example, provide information about the remaining lifespan.

[0042] The function of the component can also be monitored and recorded via the voltage, voltage profile, current, current profile and resistance.

[0043] Temperature, for example, can be used as another factor for calculating the average lifespan.

[0044] The expert is aware of further parameters that can be monitored, in particular, for example, humidity, etc. Furthermore, for example, an identification code of the component can be read by the detection device.

[0045] Preferably, the socket includes a memory for storing at least one parameter value. This allows the parameter values ​​to be retrieved directly from the socket, if necessary. The memory can also store other data from the socket and / or the component, in particular, for example, an identification code, manufacturer information, etc., of the socket and / or the component.

[0046] Alternatively or additionally, the value of the parameter, especially together with values ​​of the parameter from other building blocks, can be stored centrally.

[0047] Preferably, the base further comprises a transmission device for transferring the value from the acquisition device to a data receiver. Preferably, in this method, the first value is transmitted to a data receiver via a transmission device. This allows the base to automatically send the parameter value to a central unit where values ​​from multiple bases are stored and / or processed. In particular, this enables automatic evaluation, especially statistical evaluation, of the values. For example, this allows the automated, and especially dynamic, determination of MTTF (mean time to failure) or other key performance indicators. Such key performance indicators can be continuously or dynamically adjusted by continuously adding new values. This allows the key performance indicator to remain relevant even in the event of batch changes or changes in application (different switching frequency, different load currents, etc.).) or changing external influences (temperature, humidity, etc.), which allows for more precise calculation of failure predictions for the components.

[0048] The values ​​can also be analyzed individually, for example, to detect a technical failure of a component. In the event of a technical failure, a signal can be sent to a service technician, who then replaces the component.

[0049] In some versions, the transmission device can be omitted. The base can be designed in such a way that, for example, in the event of a malfunction of the base and / or the component, it issues a local warning, for example in the form of a signal lamp or a warning tone.

[0050] Preferably, the transmission device is designed for wireless transmission of the value to a data receiver. This allows the value to be transmitted to a receiver in a particularly simple manner and with minimal installation effort. Many transmission methods are known to those skilled in the art for wirelessly transmitting data.

[0051] In some versions, wired transmission may be used instead of wireless transmission, for example, via a carrier frequency system, such as powerline technology. Alternatively, data transmission can also occur via a separate data line, which can be electrical, optical, or other types of data lines. Experts are familiar with many possibilities in this regard.

[0052] Preferably, the socket includes an identification code, wherein the identification code is particularly transferable to a data receiver via the transmission device. In the method, the first value is preferably transmitted to the data receiver together with the identification code. This allows the value to be assigned, preferably uniquely, to a socket on which the component is installed at the data receiver. Thus, identification and localization of the component can be achieved independently of the component itself by identifying the socket. This is advantageous because typically the components, especially the relays, but not the socket, are subject to wear and tear and therefore need to be replaced from time to time.

[0053] However, the component can also be equipped with an identification code. This can be particularly advantageous if a base is designed to accommodate several different components.

[0054] Alternatively, the socket's identification code can be omitted. In this case, the socket can be designed, for example, to send the module's identification code to a data receiver. This can be done via the module itself or via the socket. In the latter case, the socket can include a reading device capable of retrieving the module's identification code.

[0055] Finally, the identification code can be dispensed with entirely.

[0056] Preferably, the transmission device includes a transponder. This allows for the creation of a particularly simple device for transmitting data using technically simple means.

[0057] The transponder can be designed as a passive transponder. This has the advantage that a power supply is not required. The necessary energy can be provided by the gateway or the data receiver. The data receiver can be, for example, a tablet or smartphone. This allows, for instance, the measured values ​​to be read from a control cabinet using a tablet or smartphone, while simultaneously indicating which components should be replaced due to defects or an insufficient remaining service life.

[0058] In another variant, the transponder can be configured as an active transponder. In this case, the transmitter in the base has its own power supply. This can be tapped, for example, from the switching circuit or the load circuit. The base can also include a battery or capacitor, which can be charged via a power source, allowing the transmitter to be activated at any time. The process involves sending a request to the transponder from the data receiver, which then responds. For example, the data receiver can request parameter values, which are subsequently transmitted. Furthermore, an identification code can also be sent from the transponder to the data receiver. Finally, data records (multiple parameter values) can also be sent from the base's data storage to the data receiver.

[0059] Other techniques for transferring data from the base to a data receiver are also known to experts. For example, data transmission can occur via one of the well-known Bluetooth technologies. Furthermore, WLAN or infrared can also be used for data transmission. Other techniques are also known to experts.

[0060] Preferably, the at least two electronic connections comprise at least two control circuit connections and at least two load circuit connections. Particularly when the base is configured as a relay base, the load circuit can, for example, also comprise three connections. Other relay bases with a different number of control circuit connections or load circuit connections are also known to those skilled in the art and can be used in the present application. Furthermore, relays with multiple load circuits and / or multiple control circuits can also be provided.

[0061] In some versions, the base may only include two connections for connecting a protective device or the like.

[0062] Preferably, the detection device communicates data with at least two control circuit connections. This allows the switching cycle to be recorded particularly efficiently.

[0063] In some versions, the recording device can also communicate with the load circuit via data communication.

[0064] In another variant, the switching cycle can be monitored for both the control current and the load current, whereby the function of the relay can be monitored by comparing the measurements on the control circuit and the load circuit.

[0065] Preferably, the detection device includes a power supply, wherein the power supply is connected to the at least two control current circuit connections, so that the power supply can be supplied with a control current.

[0066] In some versions, the recording device can also be powered by a separate energy supply. Alternatively, the recording device can also be powered by the load current.

[0067] Preferably, the detection device and / or the transmission device comprises an integrated circuit, a microcontroller, and / or a microprocessor. This allows, for example, data management, the connection and monitoring of additional sensors, the reading of a socket identification code, the control of a data transmission device, in particular a transponder, etc. Additional sensors may include, in particular, one or more of the following: voltage sensor, ampere sensor, temperature sensor, position sensor, pressure sensor, shock sensor (accelerometer or similar), vibration sensor, or other sensors known to those skilled in the art. Further applications are also known to those skilled in the art.

[0068] In some variants, the integrated circuit, the microcontroller and / or the Mil can be used. <roprozessor verzichtet werden.

[0069] It is clear to experts that the base does not necessarily have to include a receptacle for detachable mounting on a DIN rail. The base can also be designed for mounting on a flat surface or on rails with other cross-sections. Mounting can be achieved in any way, either through material bonding and / or positive locking. The mounting does not have to be detachable. Mounting can be accomplished, for example, with adhesives, screws, rivets, combinations thereof, etc.

[0070] Further advantageous embodiments and combinations of features of the invention can be derived from the following detailed description and the entirety of the patent claims. Brief description of the drawings

[0071] The drawings used to illustrate the exemplary embodiment show: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a base with a building block; Fig. 2 a schematic representation according to Figure 1 and a data receiver; and Fig. 3 a schematic representation of a base with a component according to Figure 1 in a detailed embodiment.

[0072] Basically, identical parts in the figures are marked with the same reference symbols. Ways to implement the invention

[0073] The Figure 1 Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a socket 100 with a module 200. The module 200 is electrically or electronically connected to the socket 100, so that data and / or energy can be exchanged between the socket 100 and the module 200.

[0074] The base 100 comprises a mounting area 180, which allows the base 100 to be detachably attached to a DIN rail 500. The mounting area 180 includes opposing elements, each of which can engage one flank of the DIN rail 500.

[0075] The base includes a detection device 130, which can detect the values ​​of a parameter of the module 200. The present embodiment further includes a transmission device 150, which can output the value or a signal corresponding to the value.

[0076] The detection device 130 detects the state of the module 200. The detection device 130 can then transmit this state, in the form of a parameter value, to the transmission device 150. Finally, the transmission device 150 can be used to display the state of the module 200.

[0077] In one variant, the transmission device 150 includes an analog signal generator, enabling, for example, the output of a flashing light or a warning tone. This can indicate a potential failure or an actual failure of the component, allowing a technician to replace the affected component.

[0078] The Figure 2 shows a schematic representation. According to Figure 1and a data receiver 300. In this preferred embodiment, the transmission device 150 comprises a transmitter for sending data. This allows the value or further data, in particular data derived from several determined values ​​of the parameter, to be sent to a data receiver 300. In the present embodiment, the data is transmitted via cable, in particular via powerline through the data connection 301 to the data receiver 300. The data receiver 300 is designed such that the data can be forwarded via a preferably wireless network, in particular via WLAN or the like, to an external data storage device, in particular a cloud 400. This allows the data to be made available decentrally in a simple manner.In particular, this allows parameter values ​​from different and potentially widely separated components to be collected and evaluated. Each socket includes an identification code so that the individual components can be identified.

[0079] If module 200 is configured as a relay and the values ​​are available as switching cycles, data can be collected from a large number of relays, particularly worldwide, to calculate highly accurate relay failure predictions. These failure predictions can then be made available locally to manage the relays individually – depending on the user's risk profile, the relays can be replaced after a greater or lesser number of switching cycles.

[0080] The Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a base with a building block according to Figure 1 in a detailed embodiment.

[0081] The module 200 is designed as a relay and comprises a housing 201 with two connectors 202, 203 for the control circuit and three connectors 204 - 206 for the load circuit. The two connectors 202, 203 for the control circuit are connected to a coil 210 via lines 220, 221. When a control current is applied to the two connectors 202, 203, the coil 210 generates a magnetic field.

[0082] Unless otherwise stated, all lines shown here are electrically conductive. However, other types of lines are also conceivable, in particular, for example, fiber optic cables for data transmission, etc. It is clear to those skilled in the art that the lines shown here can be arranged differently to achieve the same effect.

[0083] The connector 206 of module 200 is connected via line 232 to a switch 233, which controls the load current. The two connectors 204 and 205 are connected by lines 230 and 231, respectively, which terminate in contact points that can interact with the switch 233. In its resting state, without control current, the switch 233 is connected to line 231, thus closing the load circuit between connectors 205 and 206. When a control current is applied, the coil 210 generates a magnetic field, attracting the ferromagnetic switch 233 and closing the contact between the switch 233 and line 230. This closes the load circuit between connectors 204 and 206.

[0084] The relay shown here is merely an exemplary embodiment. It is clear to those skilled in the art that other possible embodiments of a relay or similar electronic or electromechanical components can be used in the same way.

[0085] The Figure 3 Figure 1 further shows a socket 100, which in this case is designed as a relay socket. The socket 100 comprises a housing 101. This housing essentially includes connections for a control circuit and connections for a load circuit, as well as a detection device 130 and a transmission device 150 for detecting and transmitting the value of the parameter of the module 200 to a data receiver 300.

[0086] The control circuit of socket 100 comprises two terminals 102, 103 and two sockets 110, 111, with each terminal 102, 103 being connected to sockets 110, 111 via lines 120, 121. Plugs 202, 203 of the control circuit of module 200 are inserted into sockets 110, 111.

[0087] The load circuit of socket 100 comprises three terminals 104-106 and three sockets 112-114, with each terminal 104-106 being connected to sockets 112-114 via a line 122-124. Plugs 204-206 of the load circuit of module 200 are inserted into sockets 112-114.

[0088] If a control current is now applied to the terminals 102, 103 of the control circuit of the socket 100, a magnetic field is generated in the coil 210 of the module 200, which moves the switch 233 from the rest position, in which the circuit between the sockets 104, 105 of the load circuit of the socket 100 is closed, to the switching position, in which the circuit between the sockets 104, 106 of the load circuit of the socket 100 is closed.

[0089] This configuration of the base 100 with the control circuit and the load circuit is also merely an example. Those skilled in the art are aware of any number of other variants of bases, in particular relay bases, which can be equipped with the detection device within the scope of the present invention.

[0090] The base further comprises a detection device 130. This device includes an edge detector 131, which is connected via lines 140 and 141 to the lines 120 and 121 of the control circuit. In this embodiment, the edge detector 131 measures the number of switching cycles on the control circuit.

[0091] In another variant (not shown), the socket 100 includes a second edge detector that monitors the load current. By comparing the measurements of the first edge detector of the control circuit and the second edge detector of the load circuit, the relay's function can be checked. Instead of the second edge detector, the load circuit can also be used to monitor, for example, only a current flow, a voltage, or a resistance to monitor the relay's function.

[0092] The detection device 130 further comprises a counter 133, in particular a digital counter, which counts the switching cycles. The counter 133 is connected to the edge detector 131 via a line 148. The detection device 130 also includes a power supply 132, which provides energy to the edge detector 131 and the counter 133. The power supply 132 is connected to lines 140 and 141 via lines 142 and 143 and ultimately receives its energy from the control signal. When the coil 210 is activated by the control current, the power supply for the detection device 130 is simultaneously ensured, thus simultaneously powering both the edge detector 131 and the counter 133. The counter retains its value after the power supply to the coil 210 is interrupted until the next pulse in the control circuit occurs.

[0093] The base 100 further comprises a transmission device 150. The transmission device 150 essentially serves to transmit the value of the parameter, in this case the number of switching cycles, to a data receiver 300. This includes, on the one hand, a transponder 151, in this case a passive transponder 151. However, it is clear to those skilled in the art that an active transponder – in particular powered by the control or load current – ​​or other data transmission devices (wireless or wired) may also be provided.

[0094] The transponder 151 is connected via a line 170 to a sensor unit 160. This unit includes a microprocessor 161, which is directly connected to line 170. The microprocessor 161 is in turn connected via a line 172 to an analog and / or digital sensor 162. The sensor 162 can include one or more specific sensors, in particular, for example, a volt sensor, an ampere sensor, a temperature sensor, a position sensor, a pressure sensor, a shock sensor (accelerometer or similar), a vibration sensor, or other sensors.

[0095] The microprocessor 161 is connected to a further line 171 with an identification code 163. The counter 133 of the detection device 130 is connected via a line 149 to line 170, which connects the transponder 151 to the microprocessor 161. The identification code 163 preferably enables the unique identification of the socket 100. In variants, groups of sockets 100, which are used, for example, under identical or similar conditions, can also be grouped under a single identification number (group number). The identification code 163 can be configured during installation, either physically on the socket or by an identifier (ID) that is already arranged within the socket, on a component of the socket, due to the manufacturing process. Preferably, each socket 100 also includes a label with the identification code for maintenance, production, and / or verification purposes.In the case of an RFID or NFC (near field communication) label, the label can also be used to identify the base 100 and the component 200.

[0096] To read the data from transponder 151, a data receiver 300 is provided, which can transmit the necessary energy to transponder 151 (arrow 302), enabling transponder 151 to transmit data to data receiver 300. Data receiver 300 includes an active transponder 303, allowing data from data receiver 300, such as a specific data request (over a certain time interval or the like), to be sent to transponder 151 of socket 100. Transponder 151 can process the request via microprocessor 161. The microprocessor 161 is also in a data-conducting connection with the counter 133, so that the transponder 151 of the socket 100 can optionally send the raw data of the counter 133 or processed data or additional data, such as an identification code 163 or data from the sensor 162.

[0097] With a data receiver 300, data from the socket 100 can now be read at defined intervals or as needed. For this purpose, the transponder 151 of the socket 100 is powered via the data receiver 300, enabling the transponder 151 to transmit the data. The data is either analyzed directly in the data receiver 300 and / or forwarded to a database for centralized analysis. In this configuration, the database can also be integrated into a Cloud 400.

[0098] The Socket 100 can also be configured to transmit data via cables. However, because a wireless data transmission device is provided, complex cabling is unnecessary. This makes installation particularly simple and cost-effective.

[0099] In the present embodiment according to Figure 3The base 100 is shown without the receptacle 180 for detachable mounting on a DIN rail 500. In the preferred embodiment, the embodiment according to the Figure 3 Although such a 180° recording is also possible, the expert knows that it can be dispensed with.

[0100] The data from the acquisition device 130 of the socket 100 are preferably monitored and processed automatically. This allows the performance, in particular the service life of the relays, to be monitored and optimized maintenance cycles to be calculated. In particular, this enables precise conclusions to be drawn about the socket, since the sockets are produced and used in large quantities. The data obtained with the acquisition device can be used to optimize the socket itself, especially if it allows weaknesses in the socket to be identified. Maintenance planning, etc., can also be optimized based on the data. Techniques from big data (mass data) or artificial intelligence (AI) can be used for data analysis. Many such methods are known to those skilled in the art.

[0101] Furthermore, different sensors 162 of the socket 100 can be monitored and processed with the microprocessor 161 to generate a local alarm or message if a deviation from the normal state is detected.

[0102] In some cases, the traditional MTTF curve can be dispensed with, provided a sufficient number of parameter values ​​can be determined and processed to accurately predict when a component will fail. By evaluating the data from the acquisition devices, changes to the components can be automatically incorporated into the forecast calculations, thus updating the predictions automatically. Such changes to the components do not always have to be deliberate; they can occur simply through the replacement of a machine in the production line or a change of material supplier. For this purpose, it can be useful to include a batch number for component 200 in the data analysis. This could, for example, be part of the identification code 163.

[0103] From a safety perspective, it is clear that data analysis cannot prevent the unintended failure of a component 200. However, it can be used to calculate the failure risk. The probability of failure increases with the number of switching cycles. Based on the specific application, a maximum permissible number of switching cycles can be calculated using the characteristic data and a risk specification, ensuring that the failure risk remains below the required threshold. Those skilled in the art are familiar with the mathematical methods for determining a suitable distribution function or probability density function.

[0104] Especially in systems with very high safety standards, the installations, and in particular the 200 series modules, must be checked at short intervals. This ties up a large number of person-hours, leading to high maintenance costs. Furthermore, such systems require complex failure scenarios, which are also costly. The monitoring system with the data acquisition unit inside the 100 series module automates this monitoring, resulting in significant cost savings by extending the intervals at which personnel need to perform the checks.

[0105] This not only reduces maintenance costs but also increases net operating time, as fewer interruptions to operation are necessary.

[0106] Another key aspect of the invention is that the monitoring of the component 200 by the detection device 130 is not performed by the component 200 itself, but rather by the base. This means that the detection device 130 can be retained even if the component 200 is replaced. This also results in significant cost savings. The system can monitor various components 200, including, in particular, protection relays or semiconductor relays.

[0107] Compared to conventional Socket 100 devices, this monitoring system preferably requires no additional cabling and operates with low energy consumption, which is preferably supplied via the control circuit or, alternatively, via the load circuit. The energy for data interception can be provided either by the control or load circuit, or by radio frequency identification (RFID).

[0108] Preferably, the socket 100 comprises an integrated circuit or a microprocessor 161, a unique identification code or an externally configurable identification (e.g. HW) to be able to identify each socket 100 and / or component 200.

[0109] In the preferred embodiment, the switching cycle of a relay or protective device is determined. In further embodiments, however, a switching time, a voltage and / or current profile can alternatively or additionally be determined.

[0110] The data is preferably transmitted wirelessly to a server at predefined time intervals via a gateway (e.g., CMS-10R from ComatReleco). The gateway is preferably located in the data receiver 300, but can also be located in the socket 100. Instead of a time interval, a transmission can also be triggered after a certain number of switching cycles. This allows for the transmission of a simpler signal (e.g., a single 1 for a value corresponding to, say, 1000 switching cycles).

[0111] The server enables actions such as the following: Counting the switching cycles of individual or multiple modules 200; overview of the switching components, i.e., modules 200, in particular relays; overview of the overall system, e.g., a production plant, including the assignment of the area of ​​operation and / or the safety requirements of the module 200; calculating and planning preventive maintenance; sending notifications regarding the aging of the modules 200 (e.g., requests to replace the modules 200); sending notifications regarding unexpected events concerning the modules 200 installed on the socket 100, in particular a failure or an impending failure; detecting overvoltages and sending corresponding notifications.

[0112] Those skilled in the art will understand that this is only an exemplary embodiment. Not all of the above features need to be used in combination. In particular, the data does not necessarily have to be managed via a server.

[0113] In summary, a socket is provided that allows for particularly efficient and simple monitoring of the function and failure risk of an electronic component mounted on it. Furthermore, it enables the generation and optimization of key performance indicators (KPIs) of the component during operation, especially regarding MTTF or similar metrics.

Claims

1. Base (100), in particular a relay base, comprising a. in particular a mounting region (180) for detachable mounting of the base (100) on a top-hat rail (500); b. a receptacle for an electrical and / or electronic module (200), in particular a relay or a contactor, wherein c. the base (100) comprises at least two electronic terminals (110, 111) for the electrical and / or electronic module (200), and wherein d. the base (100) comprises at least two connection contacts (102, 103), each connected to one of the electronic terminals, characterized in that e. the base (100) further comprises a detection device (130) for detecting a first value of a parameter of the electrical and / or electronic module (200).

2. Base (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the parameter comprises a switching cycle of the electrical and / or electronic module (200).

3. Base (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that the detection device (130) comprises an edge detector (131) for determining the switching cycle.

4. Base (100) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the detection device (130) comprises a counter (133) for counting the switching cycle of the electrical and / or electronic module (200).

5. Base (100) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the base (100) comprises a memory for storing the at least one value of the parameter.

6. Base (100) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the base (100) further comprises a transmission device (150) for transmitting the value from the detection device (130) to a data receiver (300).

7. Base (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that the detection device (130) and / or the transmission device (150) is designed to detect one or more of the following parameters of the electrical and / or electronic module (200): switching state, switching time, voltage, voltage profile, current, resistance, temperature.

8. Base (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that the transmission device (150) is designed for wirelessly transmitting the value to a data receiver (300).

9. Base (100) according to claim 6 or 8, characterized in that the base (100) comprises an identification code (163), wherein the identification code (163) is in particular transferable to a data receiver (300) together with the transmission device (150).

10. Base (100) according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the transmission device (150) comprises a transponder (151).

11. Base (100) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the at least two electronic terminals (110, 111) comprise at least two control circuit terminals and at least two load circuit terminals.

12. Base (100) according to claim 11, characterized in that the detection device (130) is in data communication with the at least two control circuit terminals.

13. Base (100) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the detection device (130) comprises a power supply (132), wherein the power supply (132) is connected to the at least two control circuit terminals, such that the power supply (132) can be supplied with a control current.

14. Base (100) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the detection device (130) and / or the transmission device (150) comprises an integrated circuit, a microcontroller and / or a microprocessor (161).

15. Method for determining a parameter of an electrical and / or electronic module (200) on a base (100) according to one of claims 1 to 14, in particular a relay or a contactor on a relay base, characterized in that a first value of the parameter is detected with a detection device (130) of the base (100).

16. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that the first value is transmitted to a data receiver (300) by means of a transmission device (150).

17. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that the first value is transmitted to the data receiver (300) together with an identification code (163).

18. Method according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that one or more of the following parameters is detected with the detection device (130) and / or the transmission device (150): switching cycle, switching state, switching time, voltage, voltage profile, current, resistance, temperature.

19. Method according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the first value is used to decide whether the module (200) fulfills a predefined criterion of the parameter.

20. Method according to claim 19, characterized in that the first value is used to calculate a service life of the module (200).