PROCESSING MACHINE AND METHOD FOR SETTING A PRINTING LENGTH AND / OR PROCESSING LENGTH

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a processing machine and a method for setting a printing length and / or processing length according to the preamble of claim 1 and according to the preamble of claim 7.

[0002] Various processing units are used in processing machines for sheets, especially corrugated board sheets. The sheets are pressurized with pressurized fluid by at least one application unit and, additionally or alternatively, their mass and / or shape and / or contour are modified by at least one forming device. One possible application process is flexographic printing. Flexographic printing is characterized by a forme cylinder with a flexible printing form. One possible forming device is usually a die cutter, particularly a rotary die cutter.

[0003] During operation, processing machines can experience length changes in a printed image due to various influences, such as temperature changes or mechanical stress. To achieve a good print result, these print length changes must be compensated or corrected.

[0004] DE 10 2019 119 372 A1 discloses such a processing machine with print length correction. For this purpose, errors in the print length are compensated by adjusting the speed of the forme cylinders. For this purpose, the processing machine discloses application units with individual drives and sheet arrival sensors upstream of the application units. In an advantageous embodiment, the at least one sheet sensor is designed to regulate and / or control the position and / or speed of the respective forme cylinder. By detecting the sheet using the sheet sensor, a deviation of the actual arrival time of the sheet at the position of the sheet sensor from a reference can be determined. The regulation and / or control of the forme cylinder based on the deviation determined by the sheet sensor advantageously results in a sheet whose print image and / or processing corresponds to a target state of the sheet.The document further discloses an inspection device that regulates the print length correction. The forming units, such as the punching units, are also disclosed with individual drives. When correcting the print length, the forme cylinder is regulated or controlled. The disadvantage of this is that the forme cylinder must be adjusted to the sheet arrival time. Therefore, the forme cylinder must be repeatedly reset to its original position before the next sheet arrives. This leads to increased adjustment effort. The document discloses changing the speed of the forme cylinder to correct the print length while a portion of the printing area of ​​its outer surface is located at the processing point.

[0005] In addition to changes in print length, errors in processing machines can also arise from changes in forming units, such as punching units, perforating units, or creasing units. These changes in processing lengths must be compensated for.

[0006] CH 577 887 A5 discloses a rotary die cutter (rotary die cutting machine). A ratio of the speeds ensures a reduction in deviations due to wear. Preferably, the speed of the cutting cylinder is changed. These deviations are, for example, cuts of different lengths in a cardboard sheet.

[0007] US 5 017 257 A discloses a rotary die cutter in which labels of different lengths can be produced by adjusting the speed of the tools.

[0008] US Pat. No. 4,617,850 A discloses a die-cutting machine for processing a substrate web and for processing individual sheets. The document also discloses a method and apparatus for varying the speed of the cylinders involved.

[0009] US 6 059 705 A discloses a method and a device for maintaining the register accuracy between subsequent stations of a processing machine with punching and printing device.

[0010] DE 92 11 522 U1 discloses a device for cutting or punching moving web-like material. Using marking elements and a reading device, the speed of the material and the tool can be controlled to the same speed.

[0011] DE 10 2015 215 540 A1 discloses a method for adapting a print image to a change in the printing substrate (print length correction). Correcting the change in the printing substrate is achieved by adjusting the speed ratio of the printing form cylinder and the impression cylinder. The printing units have individual drives for this purpose.

[0012] EP 0 615 941 A1 discloses a sheet production process involving printing by printing units and processing by punching units. Register accuracy can be achieved between stations. Conveyor belts between the stations can be controlled by servo motors to accurately position the sheets again.

[0013] The invention is based on the object of creating a processing machine and a method for setting a printing length and / or processing length.

[0014] The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1 and claim 7. The dependent claims show advantageous developments and / or embodiments of the solution found.

[0015] One particular advantage achieved with the invention is that a processing length or punching length of a forming unit can be adjusted. This contributes, particularly in synergy with a correction of a printing length, to an increased degree of automation of the processing machine. The synergy effects are particularly evident in combination machines with processing units and printing units. In particular, the two systems complement each other through synergistic effects. For example, one system can compensate for small errors in the other. The processing machine thus offers additional adjustment options to increase flexibility and improve the processing result. The processing length is particularly advantageously corrected by adjusting the speed ratios between the sheet and the forming unit, in particular the forme cylinder.Particularly advantageously, the cylinders of the forming unit are controlled and / or regulated. Alternatively, speed adjustment can also be achieved via the transport devices of the processing machine. In an advantageous embodiment, the counter cylinder, in particular its position, is controlled and / or regulated. This has the advantage that the counter cylinder does not have to be reset to the arrival time of the subsequent sheet. This is due to the fact that the counter cylinder has no form or, as a rule, no cylinder channel. In contrast to the print length correction in the printing unit, the counter cylinder can be used to adjust the speed conditions for adjusting the processing length in the forming unit. This is due to the nature of the outer surface.An impression cylinder in the printing unit is usually smooth, whereas an anvil cylinder in the forming unit has a rough surface, such as rubber. The improved adhesion to the rough surface allows a sheet's speed to be more effectively controlled. Furthermore, the same inspection equipment can be used to correct the print length and the processing lengths. This results in savings in terms of system complexity. The settings for a processing job can be saved and easily recalled. Likewise, the print length and / or the processing length in such a processing machine can be adjusted either across the entire sheet and / or in sections.For this purpose, the speed ratio differs at least once in a complete cylinder revolution in the area of ​​the application surface of an application form and / or in the area of ​​the working surface of a forming tool. With a section-by-section correction, consecutively arranged blanks of the substrate can also be corrected. For this purpose, both units preferably have at least partially identical structures and / or contours on the application form and / or on the forming tool. The actual status check is preferably fully automated via an inspection device that inspects the processing length of the forme cylinder and then transmits this actual status to a control unit.

[0016] A further advantage achievable with the invention is that the processing length of the forming unit, in particular of the forme cylinder, can be adjusted section by section. Such a section can, for example, be defined by successively arranged blanks. The forming tools then preferably have a plurality of at least partially repeating or identical structures for processing the substrate or the sections or individual blanks. In particular, the speeds of the cylinders are adjusted during one cylinder revolution so that at least partially different speeds prevail as the sections pass through the processing station. The processing lengths of the individual blanks or of the entire sheet can therefore be lengthened or shortened. The processing length can then be corrected for each blank.This is done section by section by regulating and / or controlling the speed ratios between the sheet and the forming unit. The scheduling can, for example, be set at a control station before a print job. It is particularly advantageous if the section scheduling is automated by an inspection device that carries out the scheduling and transmits the data to a control unit. To adjust the processing length, the speed ratio of the forme cylinder to the counter cylinder differs at least once, preferably several times, in one cylinder revolution. The advantage of adjusting the processing length section by section is that the machine can be adjusted more flexibly to the materials to be processed. A sequence is preferably stored in the machine control system so that an operator only has to enter correction values ​​for each section.The machine adjusts the machining lengths, especially the speed ratios, based on the stored sequence. A speed ratio is automatically adjusted from a correction value, for example, using a look-up table.

[0017] A further advantage achievable with the invention is that the print length can also be corrected section by section. In particular, by analyzing the print image and / or processing result, the print length for individual blanks can be determined or inspected. In particular, the printing cylinder can then be operated in different sections at different angular velocities or surface speeds. Here, too, the print lengths can be lengthened or shortened section by section, for example for each individual blank or for the entire sheet. For this purpose, the order form preferably has at least partially repeating structures. By increasing the speed, the print image can be shortened, and by decreasing it, the print image can be lengthened. This shortening or lengthening of the print image takes place in the respective sections.

[0018] In particular, the section-by-section correction of the processing length and the section-by-section correction of the printing length can create a processing machine with increased flexibility and adjustment options.

[0019] An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawings and is described in more detail below.

[0020] They show: Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a sheet processing machine; Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a substrate feed device with at least one sheet sensor; Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of an application unit with at least one sheet sensor; Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of two inspection devices arranged downstream of a last application unit in a transport direction; Fig. 5 is a sheet, each with a first and second register mark arranged in its reference position, for example, for four application units; Fig. 6 is a sheet, each with a first and a second register mark deviating from the reference position, for example, for four application units; Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of a forming device and a sheet delivery; Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of a forming device and a sheet delivery with at least one inspection device downstream of the forming device in the transport direction; Fig.9 a schematic representation of the at least one inspection device in the transport direction after the shaping device; Fig. 10 an exemplary representation of a sheet with blanks; Fig. 11 a schematic representation of two connected blanks; Fig. 12 a representation of a machine section of the processing machine with shaping unit and control unit for adjusting the processing length; Fig. 13 a representation of the processed values ​​for the processing length correction; Fig. 14 a flow chart for the correction of the processing length; Fig. 15 a representation of the speed profile and the rotation angle deviation of the print length correction; Fig. 16 a representation of the speed profile and the rotation angle deviation of the correction of the processing length; Fig. 17 an exemplary representation of an input mask of a tool mold; Fig. 18 a representation of an input mask for entering correction values ​​for the processing length.Fig. 19: a representation of the processing unit upon sheet arrival; Fig. 20: a representation of the processing unit during sheet processing in the section of the second processing length BL2; Fig. 21: a representation of the processing unit after a sheet has passed through; Fig. 22: a representation of a printing unit with a sheet with different sections and individual printing lengths; Fig. 23: a representation of the speed profile and the angle of rotation deviation of the correction of the printing length; Fig. 24: a representation of a forming cylinder in a possible embodiment; Fig. 25: a representation of the counter cylinder in an installed state.

[0021] A processing machine 01 is preferably designed as a printing machine 01 and / or as a forming machine 01, in particular a punching machine 01. The printing machine 01 is preferably designed as a flexographic printing machine 01.

[0022] The processing machine 01 is preferably referred to as a printing machine 01 if it has at least one application unit 614, preferably designed as a printing unit 614, and / or at least one printing unit 600, in particular regardless of whether it has further units for processing substrate 02. For example, a processing machine 01 designed as a printing machine 01 additionally has at least one further such unit 900, for example at least one shaping unit 900, which is preferably designed as a punching unit 900, more preferably as a punching device 900. The processing machine 01 is preferably referred to as a shaping machine 01 if it has at least one shaping unit 914 and / or at least one shaping unit 900, in particular regardless of whether it has further units 600 for processing substrate 02.The processing machine 01 is preferably referred to as a punching machine 01 if it has at least one punching unit 914 designed as a shaping unit 914 and / or at least one punching unit 900 and / or at least one punching device 900, in particular regardless of whether it has further units 600 for processing substrate 02. For example, a processing machine 01 designed as a shaping machine 01 or punching machine 01 additionally has at least one further unit 600 for processing substrate 02, for example at least one printing unit 600 and / or at least one printing unit 614.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the processing machine 01, in particular a sheet processing machine 01, preferably comprises a unit 100 designed as a sheet feeder 100 and / or at least one printing unit 614 designed as an application unit 614 for applying at least one print image to substrate 02. If the processing machine 01 has at least one printing unit 614 and / or at least one printing unit 600 on the one hand and at least one shaping unit 914 and / or at least one shaping unit 900 on the other hand, it is accordingly designed both as a printing machine 01 and as a shaping machine 01.If the processing machine 01 has at least one printing unit 614 and / or at least one printing unit 600 on the one hand and at least one punching unit 914 and / or at least one punching unit 900 and / or at least one punching device 900 on the other hand, it is accordingly designed both as a printing machine 01 and as a forming machine 01, in particular a punching machine 01.

[0024] The processing machine 01 is preferably designed as a sheet processing machine 01, i.e. as a processing machine 01 for processing sheet-shaped substrate 02 or sheets 02, in particular sheet-shaped printing material 02. For example, the sheet processing machine 01 is designed as a sheet-fed printing machine 01 and / or as a sheet-forming machine 01 and / or as a sheet-punching machine 01. The processing machine 01 is further preferably designed as a corrugated cardboard sheet processing machine 01, i.e. as a processing machine 01 for processing sheet-shaped substrate 02 or sheets 02 made of corrugated cardboard 02, in particular sheet-shaped printing material 02 made of corrugated cardboard 02. The processing machine 01 is further preferably designed as a sheet-fed printing machine 01, in particular as a corrugated cardboard sheet printing machine 01, i.e. as a printing machine 01 for coating and / or printing sheet-shaped substrate 02 or sheets 02 made of corrugated cardboard 02, in particular sheet-shaped printing material 02 made of corrugated cardboard 02.For example, the printing press 01 is designed as a printing press 01 operating according to a printing form-bound printing process.

[0025] Unless explicitly differentiated, the term sheet-shaped substrate 02, in particular a printing material 02, specifically sheet 02, is intended to encompass in principle any substrate 02 that is present in a flat form and in sections, i.e. also substrates 02 that are present in panel or plate form, i.e. also sheets or plates. The sheet-shaped substrate 02 or sheet 02 defined in this way is made, for example, of paper or cardboard, i.e. as a paper or cardboard sheet, or by sheets 02, sheets or possibly plates made of plastic, cardboard, glass or metal. More preferably, the substrate 02 is corrugated cardboard 02, in particular corrugated cardboard sheets 02. Preferably, the at least one sheet 02 is designed as corrugated cardboard 02. A thickness of a sheet 02 is preferably understood to mean a dimension orthogonal to a largest area of ​​the sheet 02. This largest area is also referred to as the main area.Preferably, pressure fluid is applied to the sheet 02, at least partially and / or at least on one side, on at least one main surface. The thickness of the sheet 02 is, for example, at least 0.1 mm (zero point one millimeter), more preferably at least 0.3 mm (zero point three millimeters), and even more preferably at least 0.5 mm (zero point five millimeters). Significantly greater thicknesses are also common, for example at least 4 mm (four millimeters) or even 10 mm (ten millimeters) and more. Corrugated cardboard sheets 02 are comparatively stable and therefore not very flexible. Appropriate adjustments to the processing machine 01 therefore facilitate the processing of sheets 02 of greater thickness.In particular, in the foregoing and in the following, the term sheet 02 refers to both those sheets 02 which have not yet been processed by means of at least one shaping device 900 and those sheets 02 which have already been processed by means of the at least one shaping device 900 and / or by means of at least one separation device 903 and which have possibly been changed in their shape and / or their mass.

[0026] A leading edge 03, e.g. leading edge 03 of sheet 02, is preferably that edge 03 of sheet 02 with which the sheet 02 in question first encounters an assembly 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 during transport through processing machine 01. The leading edge 03 is preferably oriented along the transport path within processing machine 01 parallel to a direction A, in particular transverse direction A and / or orthogonal to a direction T, in particular transport direction T. A direction Y is preferably oriented perpendicular to the leading edge 03 of sheet 02, which is preferably oriented parallel to a side edge of sheet 02, in particular in the case that sheet 02 in question has a rectangular shape. The direction Y is preferably oriented parallel to transport direction T and / or orthogonal to transverse direction A. The sheet 02 preferably has a rear edge 04, e.g.Trailing edge 04, with which the sheet 02 in question last encounters an aggregate 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 during transport through the processing machine 01. Preferably, in particular when the sheet 02 has a rectangular shape, the trailing edge 04 is arranged parallel to the front edge 03 of the sheet 02. A direction X is oriented parallel to the front edge 03 of the sheet 02, which direction is preferably oriented orthogonal to a side edge of the sheet 02, in particular when the sheet 02 in question has a rectangular shape. Preferably, the direction X is oriented parallel to the transverse direction A and / or orthogonal to the transport direction T. Two side edges of the sheet 02 and the front edge 03 of the sheet 02 and the rear edge 04 of the sheet 02 preferably limit the main surface of the sheet 02.

[0027] The respective sheet 02 is preferably made of paper or cardboard or carton. More preferably, the respective sheet 02 is made of cardboard, preferably corrugated cardboard. According to DIN 6730, paper is a flat material consisting essentially of fibers, usually of plant origin, which is formed by dewatering a fiber suspension on a screen. This creates a fiber felt that is then dried. The basis weight of paper is preferably a maximum of 225 g / m² (two hundred and twenty-five grams per square meter). According to DIN 6730, cardboard is a flat material consisting essentially of fibers of plant origin, which is formed by dewatering a fiber suspension on one or between two screens. The fiber structure is compacted and dried. Cardboard is preferably made by gluing or pressing together cellulose and / or. Cardboard is preferably in the form of solid board or corrugated board 02.Corrugated board 02, as used above and below, is cardboard made from one or more layers of corrugated paper glued to one layer or between several layers of another, preferably smooth, paper or cardboard. Preferably, the basis weight of cardboard is over 225 g / m² (two hundred and twenty-five grams per square meter). In the above and below, the term "cardboard" refers to a paper sheet, preferably coated on one side, preferably with a basis weight of at least 150 g / m² (one hundred and fifty grams per square meter) and a maximum of 600 g / m² (six hundred grams per square meter). Cardboard preferably has a high strength relative to paper.

[0028] In the foregoing and in the following, the term application fluid encompasses inks and printing inks, but also primers, varnishes, and pasty materials. Application fluids are preferably materials that are transferred and / or can be transferred to a substrate 02, in particular a printing material 02, for example to at least one sheet 02, by a processing machine 01, in particular a printing press 01, or at least one application unit 614 or an assembly 600 of the processing machine 01 designed as an application unit 600, in particular at least one printing unit 614 or printing assembly 600 of the printing press 01, and in doing so establish a preferably visible and / or perceptible by sensory impressions and / or machine-detectable texture on the substrate 02, in particular the printing material 02, preferably in a finely structured form and / or not merely over a large area.Inks and printing inks are preferably solutions or dispersions of at least one colorant in at least one solvent, for example water and / or organic solvents. Alternatively or additionally, the application fluid can be a UV-crosslinking application fluid. Inks are relatively low-viscosity application fluids, and printing inks are relatively high-viscosity application fluids. Inks preferably contain no binder or relatively little binder, while printing inks preferably contain a relatively large amount of binder and, more preferably, other auxiliaries. In the foregoing and the following, references to application fluids and / or inks and / or printing inks also include, in particular, colorless varnishes.In the foregoing and the following, when referring to application fluids and / or inks and / or printing inks, agents, in particular primers, for pretreatment, so-called priming or precoating of the printing substrate 02, are preferably also meant. As an alternative to the term "application fluid," the terms "printing fluid" and "coating agent" are to be understood as synonymous. A respective application fluid is preferably not gaseous. A respective application fluid is preferably liquid and / or powdery.

[0029] The processing machine 01 preferably has a plurality of units 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000. A unit is preferably understood to be a group of devices that interact functionally, in particular to be able to carry out a preferably self-contained processing operation of sheets 02. For example, at least two and preferably at least three and more preferably all of the units 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 are designed as modules 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 or at least each is assigned to one such module.A module is to be understood in particular as a respective unit or a structure comprising several units, which preferably has at least one means of transport and / or at least one of its own controllable and / or adjustable drive and / or is designed as an independently functional module and / or as a machine unit or functional assembly manufactured and / or assembled separately.A dedicated controllable and / or adjustable drive of an aggregate or module is understood to mean, in particular, a drive that serves to drive movements of components of this aggregate or module and / or that serves to effect transport of substrate 02, in particular sheets 02, through this respective aggregate or module and / or through at least one impact area of ​​this respective aggregate or module and / or that serves to directly or indirectly drive at least one component of the respective aggregate or module intended for contact with sheets 02. These drives of the aggregates 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 of the processing machine 01 are preferably designed, in particular, as position-controlled electric motors.

[0030] Preferably, each unit 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 has at least one drive control and / or at least one drive regulator, which is assigned to the respective at least one drive of the respective unit 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000. The drive controls and / or drive regulators of the individual units 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 can preferably be operated individually and independently of one another. Further preferably, the drive controls and / or drive regulators of the individual units 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 are linked and / or linkable in terms of circuitry, in particular by means of at least one BUS system, to one another and / or to a machine control system of the processing machine 01 in such a way that a coordinated control and / or regulation of the drives of several or all units 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 of the processing machine 01 is and / or can be carried out.The individual units 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 and / or in particular modules 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 of the processing machine 01 are therefore preferably electronically coordinated and / or operated, at least with regard to their drives, in particular by means of at least one virtual and / or electronic master axis. The virtual and / or electronic master axis is preferably specified for this purpose, for example by a higher-level machine control of the processing machine 01. Alternatively or additionally, the individual units 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 of the processing machine 01 are and / or can be synchronized with one another, at least with regard to their drives, for example mechanically. The individual units 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 of the processing machine 01 are, however, mechanically decoupled from each other, at least with regard to their drives.

[0031] The virtual and / or electronic master axis preferably has a sequence of temporally equidistant master axis signals. Each of these master axis signals corresponds to a point in time at which it is generated and / or a virtual angle value. These virtual angle values ​​are preferably between 0° (zero degrees) and 360° (three hundred and sixty degrees) and are output in ascending order, particularly via the BUS system. More preferably, upon reaching 360° (three hundred and sixty degrees), the sequence begins again with 0° (zero degrees). A sequence of angle values ​​from 0° (zero degrees) to 360° (three hundred and sixty degrees) preferably corresponds to one machine cycle.The machine cycle preferably corresponds to a full revolution of a forme cylinder 616 of the applicator unit 614 and / or a distance between the leading edges 03 of successive sheets 02 transported at a constant and equal speed and / or the time interval between two points in time at which successive sheets 02 are each accelerated for the first time by at least one primary acceleration means 136. Lead axis signals, for example, have intervals of 4 ms (four milliseconds).

[0032] The spatial area provided for the transport of substrate 02, which the substrate 02 occupies at least temporarily when present, is the transport path. Preferably, the transport path is defined by at least one device for guiding the substrate 02 in an operating state of the processing machine 01. Unless otherwise described, the units 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 of the processing machine 01 are preferably each characterized in that the section of a transport path provided for transporting sheets 02 defined by the respective unit 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 is at least substantially flat and more preferably completely flat.A substantially flat section of the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 is understood to mean a section that has a minimum radius of curvature of at least two meters, more preferably at least five meters, even more preferably at least ten meters, and even more preferably at least fifty meters. A completely flat section has an infinitely large radius of curvature and is thus also substantially flat and thus also has a minimum radius of curvature of at least two meters. Unless otherwise described, the units 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 of the processing machine 01 are preferably each characterized in that the section of the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 defined by the respective unit 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 runs at least substantially horizontally and more preferably exclusively horizontally.This transport path preferably extends in a direction T, in particular transport direction T. A substantially horizontal transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 means, in particular, that the provided transport path, throughout the entire area of ​​the respective unit 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000, exclusively has one or more directions that deviate from at least one horizontal direction by a maximum of 30° (thirty degrees), preferably a maximum of 15° (fifteen degrees), and more preferably a maximum of 5° (five degrees). The transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 preferably begins at a point where the sheets 02 are removed from a feeder stack 104.

[0033] The direction T of the transport path, in particular the transport direction T, is in particular the direction T in which the sheets 02 are transported at the point at which the direction T is measured. The transport direction T provided in particular for transporting sheets 02 is preferably the direction T which is preferably at least substantially and more preferably completely horizontally oriented and / or which preferably points from a first unit 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 of the processing machine 01 to a last unit 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 of the processing machine 01, in particular from a sheet feeder unit 100 or a substrate feed device 100 on the one hand to a delivery unit 1000 ora substrate delivery device 1000 on the other hand, and / or which preferably points in a direction in which the sheets 02 are transported apart from vertical movements or vertical components of movements, in particular from a first contact with an aggregate 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 of the processing machine 01 arranged downstream of the substrate feed device 100 or first contact with the processing machine 01 to a last contact with the processing machine 01. Regardless of whether the feed device 300 is an independent aggregate 300 or module 300 or is a component of the substrate feed device 100, the transport direction T is preferably the direction T in which a horizontal component of a direction points which is oriented from the feed device 300 to the substrate delivery device 1000.

[0034] A direction A, preferably the transverse direction A, is preferably a direction A oriented orthogonal to the transport direction T of the sheets 02 and / or orthogonal to the intended transport path of the sheets 02 through the at least one application unit 600 and / or through the at least one shaping unit 900 and / or through the at least one sheet delivery 1000. The transverse direction A is preferably a horizontally oriented direction A. A longitudinal axis of the at least one forme cylinder 616 is preferably oriented parallel to the transverse direction A.

[0035] A working width of the processing machine 01 and / or of the at least one application unit 600 and / or of the at least one shaping unit 900 and / or of the at least one sheet delivery 1000 is preferably a dimension that preferably extends orthogonally to the intended transport path of the sheets 02 through the at least one application unit 600 and / or the at least one shaping unit 900 and / or the at least one sheet delivery 1000, more preferably in the transverse direction A. The working width of the processing machine 01 preferably corresponds to a maximum width that a sheet 02 may have in order to still be able to be processed with the processing machine 01, i.e. in particular a maximum sheet width that can be processed with the processing machine 01. The width of a sheet 02 is to be understood in particular as its dimension in the transverse direction A, in particular the direction X.This is preferably independent of whether this width of the sheet 02 is greater or smaller than a horizontal dimension of the sheet 02 that is orthogonal thereto, which more preferably represents the length of this sheet 02 in the Y direction. The working width of the processing machine 01 preferably corresponds to the working width of the at least one application unit 600 and / or the at least one shaping unit 900 and / or the at least one sheet delivery 1000. The working width of the processing machine 01, in particular sheet processing machine 01, is preferably at least 100 cm (one hundred centimeters), more preferably at least 150 cm (one hundred and fifty centimeters), even more preferably at least 160 cm (one hundred and sixty centimeters), even more preferably at least 200 cm (two hundred centimeters) and even more preferably at least 250 cm (two hundred and fifty centimeters).

[0036] A vertical direction V preferably denotes a direction that is arranged parallel to the normal vector of a plane spanned by the transport direction T and the transverse direction A. For example, in the region of the forming device 900, the vertical direction V is preferably oriented such that it points from the printing substrate 02 toward a forme cylinder 901 of the forming device 900.

[0037] The processing machine 01 preferably has at least one substrate feed device 100, which is more preferably designed as an assembly 100, in particular a substrate feed assembly 100, and / or as a module 100, in particular a substrate feed module 100. Particularly in the case of a sheet processing machine 01, the at least one substrate feed device 100 is preferably designed as a sheet feeder 100 and / or a sheet feeder assembly 100 and / or a sheet feeder module 100.

[0038] The processing machine 01 has, for example, at least one unit designed as a conditioning device, in particular a conditioning unit, which is more preferably designed as a module, in particular as a conditioning module. Such a conditioning device is designed, for example, as a preparation device, in particular as a preparation device for applying primer, or as a post-treatment device, in particular as a post-treatment device for applying paint. The processing machine 01 preferably has at least one unit designed as a preparation device, in particular a preparation unit, which is more preferably designed as a module, in particular as a preparation module, and represents a conditioning device. The processing machine 01 preferably has at least one post-treatment device.The processing machine 01 preferably has at least one unit 300, preferably a feed device 300, which is further preferably designed as a feed unit 300 and / or feed module 300. The at least one feed device 300 is alternatively designed as a component of the substrate feed device 100 or another unit.

[0039] The processing machine 01 has, for example, at least one unit 600, e.g., the application unit 600, which is preferably designed as a module 600, in particular an application module 600. The at least one application unit 600 is preferably arranged and / or constructed depending on its function and / or application method. The at least one application unit 600 preferably serves to apply at least one respective application fluid or coating agent to the entire surface and / or at least part of the surface of the sheets 02. An example of an application unit 600 is a printing unit 600 or printing module 600, which serves, in particular, to apply printing ink and / or ink to the substrate 02, in particular the sheets 02. In the foregoing and the following, any priming unit and / or any coating unit that may be arranged are also considered to be such an application unit 600 or printing unit 600.

[0040] In particular, regardless of the function of the application fluid that can be applied therewith, application units 600 can preferably be differentiated with regard to their application methods. An example of an application unit 600 is a form-based application unit 600, which in particular has at least one fixed, physical, and preferably replaceable printing form for the application of printing fluid. Form-based application units 600 preferably operate according to a planographic printing process, in particular an offset planographic printing process and / or a gravure printing process and / or a letterpress printing process, particularly preferably a flexographic printing process. The corresponding application unit 600 is preferably a flexographic application unit 600 or flexographic printing unit 600, in particular a flexographic application module 600 or flexographic printing module 600. In a further preferred embodiment, the at least one application unit 600 is designed as an offset printing unit 600.

[0041] The processing machine 01 has, for example, at least one unit designed as a drying device, in particular a drying unit, which is more preferably designed as a module, in particular as a drying module. Alternatively or additionally, for example, at least one drying device 506 and / or at least one post-drying device is a component of at least one unit 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000, preferably designed as a module 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000. For example, at least one application unit 600 has at least one drying device 506 and / or has at least one unit 700 designed as a transport device 700 and / or at least one unit 700 designed as a transport unit 700.

[0042] The processing machine 01 preferably has at least one transport device 700, which is further preferably designed as an assembly 700, in particular the transport assembly 700, and / or as a module 700, in particular as a transport module 700. The transport device 700 is also referred to as a transport means 700. Additionally or alternatively, the processing machine 01 preferably has transport devices 700, for example as components of other assemblies and / or modules.

[0043] The processing machine 01 preferably has at least one shaping device 900, which is more preferably designed as a unit 900, in particular a shaping unit 900 or a punching unit 900, and / or as a module 900, in particular as a shaping module 900 or a punching module 900 and / or as a punching device 900. The processing machine 01 preferably has at least one shaping unit 900 designed as a punching unit 900. The at least one shaping device 900 is preferably designed as a rotary punching device 900 and / or preferably has at least one shaping unit 914 or punching unit 914. A shaping device 900 should also be understood to mean an embossing device and / or a creasing device. A perforating device is preferably also a form of a punching device 900.

[0044] The processing machine 01 preferably has at least one unit 1000 designed as a substrate delivery device 1000, in particular a delivery 1000, in particular a sheet delivery 1000, in particular a delivery unit 1000, which is further preferably designed as a module 1000, in particular as a delivery module 1000.

[0045] The processing machine 01 has, for example, at least one unit designed as a further processing device, in particular a further processing unit, which is more preferably designed as a module, in particular as a further processing module. The further processing unit is preferably arranged downstream of the at least one shaping device 900 in the transport direction T. For example, the further processing unit is arranged downstream of the at least one sheet delivery device 1000 in the transport direction T. For example, the at least one further processing device is designed as a gluing device and / or a folding device.

[0046] The processing machine 01 preferably has transport means 119; 136; 700; 904; 906 at one or more locations. At least one of these transport means 119; 136; 700; 906 is preferably designed as a suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906, in particular as a suction belt and / or as a suction box belt and / or as a roller suction system and / or as a suction roller. Such suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906 preferably serve to move sheets 02 forward in a controlled manner and / or to enable movements while sheets 02 are held against at least one counterpressure surface of the corresponding suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906. In this case, a relative negative pressure is preferably used to pull and / or push the sheets 02 against at least one transport surface. Preferably, a transport movement of the sheets 02 is generated by a corresponding, in particular circumferential, movement of the at least one transport surface.Alternatively or additionally, the sheet 02 is held in its path by the at least one suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906, for example, along the transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02, and a transport movement of the sheet 02 is generated by a force predetermined by another, for example, upstream and / or downstream transport means 119; 136; 700; 904; 906. The negative pressure is in particular a negative pressure relative to an ambient pressure, in particular relative to an atmospheric pressure.

[0047] The suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906 is therefore preferably understood to be a device which has at least one counter-pressure surface, which is more preferably designed as a sliding surface and / or as a particularly movable transport surface and which is, for example, at least partially movable at least in the transport direction T. Furthermore, the respective suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906 preferably has at least one vacuum chamber, which is more preferably connected to at least one vacuum source by means of a suction line. The vacuum source has, for example, a fan. The at least one vacuum chamber has at least one suction opening which serves to suck in the sheets 02.Depending on the embodiment of the suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906 and the size of the sheets 02, the sheets 02 are sucked into a position that closes the at least one suction opening or are only sucked against a counter-pressure surface in such a way that ambient air can still pass past the sheets 02 into the suction opening. For example, the transport surface has one or more suction openings. The suction openings preferably serve to convey a negative pressure from the suction opening of the vacuum chamber to the transport surface, in particular without pressure losses or with very low pressure losses. Alternatively or additionally, the suction opening acts on the sheets 02 in such a way that they are sucked against the transport surface without the transport surface having suction openings. For example, at least one deflection means is arranged which directly or indirectly ensures a circumferential movement of the at least one transport surface.Preferably, the at least one deflection means and / or the transport surface itself is driven and / or drivable, in particular to ensure movement of the sheets 02. Alternatively, the transport surface allows sheets 02 to slide along the transport surface.

[0048] A first embodiment of a suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906 is a suction belt. A suction belt is understood to be a device that has at least one flexible conveyor belt whose surface serves as a transport surface. The at least one conveyor belt is preferably deflected by deflection means designed as deflection pulleys and / or deflection rollers and / or is preferably self-contained, in particular such that endless circulation is possible. The at least one conveyor belt preferably has a plurality of suction openings. The at least one conveyor belt preferably covers the at least one suction opening of the at least one vacuum chamber in at least one section of its circulation path. More preferably, the vacuum chamber is then connected to an environment and / or to sheet 02 only through the suction openings of the at least one conveyor belt.Preferably, support means are provided which prevent the at least one conveyor belt from being pulled too far or even into the vacuum chamber and / or which ensure that the transport surface assumes a desired shape, for example such that it forms a flat surface at least in the region in which its suction openings are connected to the vacuum chamber. A circumferential movement of the at least one conveyor belt then results in a forward movement of the transport surface, with sheets 02 being held securely on the transport surface precisely in the region in which they lie opposite the suction opening covered by the at least one conveyor belt with the exception of the suction openings.

[0049] A second embodiment of a suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906 is a roller suction system. A roller suction system is understood to be a device in which the at least one transport surface is formed from at least sections of the lateral surfaces of a plurality of transport rollers and / or transport cylinders. The transport rollers and / or transport cylinders thus each form, for example, closed and / or rotating parts of the transport surface. The roller suction system preferably has a plurality of suction openings. These suction openings are preferably arranged at least between adjacent transport rollers and / or transport cylinders. For example, at least one cover mask is arranged, which preferably represents a boundary of the vacuum chamber. The cover mask preferably has the plurality of suction openings. The cover mask preferably forms a substantially flat surface.The transport rollers and / or transport cylinders are preferably arranged such that they are intersected by this flat surface and more preferably protrude only slightly, for example only a few millimeters, beyond this flat surface, in particular in a direction facing away from the vacuum chamber. The suction openings are then preferably frame-shaped and each surround at least one of the transport rollers and / or transport cylinders. A circumferential movement of the transport rollers and / or transport cylinders then results in a forward movement of the corresponding parts of the transport surface, with sheets 02 being held securely on the transport surface precisely in the area in which they lie opposite the suction opening. The transport unit 700 is preferably designed as at least one suction transport means 700.A suction transport means 700 preferably comprises at least two roller suction systems, each of which is preferably designed as an individually driven roller suction system. The roller suction system is also referred to as a suction box.

[0050] A third embodiment of a suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906 is a suction box belt. A suction box belt is understood to be a device that has a plurality of suction boxes, in particular those that are movable in a rotating manner, each having an outer surface serving as a transport surface.

[0051] A fourth embodiment of a suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906 is at least one suction roller. A suction roller is understood to be a roller whose outer surface serves as a transport surface and has a plurality of suction openings, and which has at least one vacuum chamber within its interior, which is connected, for example, to at least one vacuum source via a suction line.

[0052] A fifth embodiment of a suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906 is at least one sliding suction device. The sliding suction device is preferably designed as a passive transport means and serves in particular to specify boundary conditions with respect to a position of a respective sheet 02 without setting the sheet 02 itself in motion. The respective sliding suction device preferably has at least one sliding surface and at least one vacuum chamber and at least one suction opening. This at least one sliding surface then serves as a counterpressure surface and serves as a transport surface. In the case of the sliding suction device, the transport surface designed as a sliding surface is preferably not moved. The sliding surface serves as a counterpressure surface against which corresponding sheets 02 are pressed.The sheets 02 can still be moved along the sliding surface, especially if they are otherwise subjected to a force oriented at least parallel to the sliding surface. For example, a sliding suction device can bridge an area between two driven suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906.

[0053] It is possible to combine different embodiments of suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906. These can, for example, have at least one common vacuum source and / or at least one common vacuum chamber and / or at least one and / or cooperate as one suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906 and / or be arranged one behind the other and / or next to one another. Such combinations are then preferably assigned to at least two of the embodiments of suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906.

[0054] Regardless of the embodiment of the respective suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906, at least two arrangements of the respective suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906, as described below, are possible.

[0055] In a first arrangement, a section of the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, defined by the respective suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906, is located below the particularly movable transport surface, which serves in particular as a counter-pressure surface and is, for example, at least partially movable at least in the transport direction T. For example, the respective suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906 is then designed as an upper suction transport means 700; 906, wherein more preferably its suction openings or intake openings preferably also or only point downwards, at least during their connection to the at least one vacuum chamber, and / or its suction effect is preferably directed at least also or only upwards. The sheets 02 are then transported by the suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906, preferably in a hanging position. The at least one transport unit 700 is preferably designed as an upper suction transport means 700.Preferably, the at least one transport means 906 is designed as an upper suction transport means 906.

[0056] In a second arrangement, a section of the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, which is defined by the respective suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906, is located above the particularly movable transport surface, which serves in particular as a counter-pressure surface and is, for example, at least partially movable at least in the transport direction T. For example, the respective suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906 is then designed as a lower suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906, wherein more preferably its suction openings or intake openings preferably point at least also or only upwards, at least during their connection to the at least one vacuum chamber, and / or its suction effect is preferably directed at least also or only downwards. The sheets 02 are then transported by the suction transport means 119; 136; 700; 906, preferably in a horizontal position.Preferably, at least two suction transport means 119; 136 are designed as lower suction transport means 119; 136.

[0057] The processing machine 01 for processing sheets 02 comprises the at least one application unit 600 and at least one sheet sensor 622 assigned to the respective application unit 600. The processing machine 01 is preferably designed as a sheet processing machine 01 with the substrate feed device 100 and the at least one application unit 600 and the at least one shaping device 900 and more preferably with the at least one delivery 1000 arranged downstream of the at least one shaping device 900 along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02.

[0058] The substrate feed device 100 preferably comprises the feed unit 300. The feed unit 300 preferably has at least one feeder stack 104. The feeder stack 104 preferably comprises a plurality of sheets 02, which are preferably at least temporarily stacked in a storage area 166. In the transport direction T, the storage area 166 is preferably delimited by at least one front stop 137. The front stop 137 is preferably designed such that a single sheet 02 can be transported in the vertical direction V below the front stop 137 in the transport direction T. For transporting sheets 02, in particular the bottommost sheet 02 in the vertical direction V, in the transport direction T, the at least one transport means 136, preferably designed as an acceleration means 136, is assigned to the storage area 166. The acceleration means 136 is preferably designed as a lower suction transport means 136.The acceleration means 136 preferably serves to accelerate sheets 02 of the feeder stack 104 to a desired transport speed, in particular a processing speed, of sheets 02, at which the sheets 02 are preferably transported within the processing machine 01 for processing the sheets 02 by the units 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000. The transport means 119 designed as a secondary acceleration means 119 is preferably arranged downstream of the acceleration means 136 in the transport direction T. The secondary acceleration means 119 is preferably designed as a transport belt and / or transport roller, more preferably as a lower suction transport means 119. The secondary acceleration means 119 is preferably designed to adapt an actual transport speed of sheets 02 to the processing speed as soon as their actual transport speed deviates from the processing speed.

[0059] In the transport direction T, downstream of the feed unit 300, in particular downstream of the secondary acceleration means 119, at least one transport unit 700, in particular a first transport unit 700, is preferably arranged. For example, at least one transfer means is preferably provided for transferring sheets 02 from the secondary acceleration means 119 to the transport unit 700, which is preferably designed as an upper suction transport means 700.

[0060] In the transport direction T, downstream of the first transport unit 700, the at least one application unit 600 with the at least one application unit 614 designed as a printing unit 614 is preferably arranged. The at least one application unit 600 has the at least one printing unit 614 with the forme cylinder 616 and an individual drive 631; 630 assigned to the forme cylinder 616. The at least one application unit 600 is preferably designed as a flexographic application unit 600 or as an offset printing unit 600. The processing machine 01 preferably has at least four application units 600, in particular flexographic application units 600. For example, the processing machine 01 comprises at least six application units 600, wherein the individual application units 600 preferably differ at least partially in the printing fluid processed by them and / or a print image element applied by them to the printing substrate 02.Preferably, at least one transport means 700 is arranged between each two application units 600. The at least one printing unit 614 is preferably designed as a flexographic printing unit, which is designed in particular according to the principle of the flexographic printing process for applying printing fluid to the sheet 02. In a preferred embodiment, the application unit 614 comprises the at least one forme cylinder 616, at least one impression cylinder 617, at least one anilox roller 618 and at least one ink fountain 619. The ink fountain 619 preferably contains printing fluid and is designed to deliver the printing fluid to the anilox roller 618. The anilox roller 618 is designed to transfer the printing fluid to at least one printing forme of the forme cylinder 616 for printing a printing substrate 02. The forme cylinder 616 and the impression cylinder 617 preferably define a processing point 621 of the application unit 614.The processing point 621, designed as a printing nip 621, through which preferably sheets 02 can pass through the printing unit 614, is preferably defined by a lateral surface of the forme cylinder 616 and a lateral surface of the impression cylinder 617. The printing nip 621 is preferably the area in which the respective forme cylinder 616, on the one hand, and the respective impression cylinder 617, on the other hand, are closest to each other.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment of the processing machine 01, the printing unit 614 has at least one forme cylinder 616. The forme cylinder 616 has at least one printing forme and at least one holder 626 for the at least one printing forme. The holder 626 of the printing forme is designed, for example, as a clamping device. Preferably, the holder 626 of the printing forme is designed along a circumferential direction of the outer surface of the forme cylinder 616 as a non-printing region of the outer surface of the forme cylinder 616. The non-printing region of the forme cylinder 616 preferably has a length in the circumferential direction of the forme cylinder 616 which is preferably at least 3%, preferably at least 5%, more preferably at least 8%, of the circumferential length of the forme cylinder 616.Preferably, the length of the non-printing area is determined by the circumferential length of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616, in particular the length of the at least one printing forme in the circumferential direction of the forme cylinder 616. In a preferred embodiment, the non-printing area corresponds to a cylinder channel of the at least one forme cylinder 616.

[0062] In the non-printing region of the outer surface of the forme cylinder 616, during printing operation of the processing machine 01, there is preferably no transfer of printing fluid from the outer surface of the forme cylinder 616 to sheet 02. Only within that region of the outer surface of the forme cylinder 616 which has the at least one printing forme does a transfer of printing fluid preferably take place from the forme cylinder 616 to sheet 02. That region of the outer surface of the forme cylinder 616 which has the at least one printing forme is preferably designed as the printing region of the outer surface of the forme cylinder 616. Along the circumferential direction of the outer surface of the forme cylinder 616, the at least one printing forme, more preferably exactly one printing forme, and the at least one non-printing region, preferably exactly one non-printing region, are preferably arranged one behind the other.In the direction of rotation of the forme cylinder 616, the holder 626 is preferably arranged in front of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616. Further preferably, a rear edge of the non-printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616 is arranged in front of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616 in the direction of rotation of the forme cylinder 616. Preferably, a front edge of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616 is identical to the rear edge of the non-printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616.

[0063] In the embodiment of the at least one application unit 600 as an offset printing unit 600, the unit 600 has a further cylinder, preferably designed as a blanket cylinder, between the at least one forme cylinder 616 and the at least one impression cylinder 617.

[0064] The forme cylinder 616 is preferably designed to be drivable and / or driven by the drive embodied as a single drive 631. The single drive 631 of the forme cylinder 616 is preferably designed as a position-controlled electric motor 631. The forme cylinder 616 is driven mechanically independently of each other cylinder and / or roller of the printing unit 614.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment of the impression cylinder 617, it preferably has a surface that is continuous along a circumferential direction of the impression cylinder 617. This is the case, for example, if the impression cylinder 617 has a sleeve as a jacket surface. For example, in this embodiment, the impression cylinder 617 is designed to be drivable by the individual drive 630 of the forme cylinder 616 in addition to the forme cylinder 616. Alternatively or additionally, the impression cylinder 617 preferably has a separate individual drive, in particular a preferably position-controlled electric motor 630. Alternatively or additionally, the impression cylinder 617 is driven and / or drivable via a drive of the virtual and / or electronic master axis.For example, the impression cylinder 617, which has a continuous surface, has a circumference which differs from the circumference of the forme cylinder 616 assigned to it, preferably which is smaller than the circumference of the forme cylinder 616 assigned to it.

[0066] In a further preferred embodiment of the impression cylinder 617, it is preferably designed as a plate cylinder and additionally or alternatively preferably has at least one impression plate. The diameter of the impression cylinder 617 designed as a plate cylinder preferably corresponds to the circumference of the forme cylinder 616. For fastening the at least one impression plate, the impression cylinder 617 has at least one holder 627. The holder 627 of the impression cylinder 617 preferably has the same size along the outer surface of the impression cylinder 617 as the holder 626 along the outer surface of the forme cylinder 616.Preferably, the holder 627 of the impression cylinder 617 is preferably arranged along the outer surface of the impression cylinder 617 such that, during a rotational movement of the impression cylinder 617 assigned to the processing speed and a rotational movement of the forme cylinder 616 assigned to the processing speed, the positions of the holders 626; 627 are designed to be synchronized with one another. Preferably, during a rotational movement assigned to the processing speed, the holders 626; 627 each arrive at the respective printing nip 621 at the same time as a respective front edge of the holders 626; 627. Preferably, during a rotational movement assigned to the processing speed, the holders 626; 627 are designed to leave the respective printing nip 621 at the same time as a respective rear edge of the holders 626; 627.

[0067] For example, at least one first application unit 600 in the transport direction T is designed as a priming unit and / or at least one last application unit 600 in the transport direction T is designed as a painting unit.

[0068] In the transport direction T, after the at least one application unit 600, preferably after the last application unit 600, the at least one shaping device 900 with the at least one shaping unit 914 is preferably arranged. The at least one shaping device 900 is preferably designed as a punching device 900 and / or as a rotary punching device 900. For example, exactly one shaping device 900, in particular punching device 900 and / or rotary punching device 900, is arranged. The at least one shaping device 900 preferably has at least one, and more preferably exactly one, processing station 910, preferably designed as a shaping station 910, which is formed by at least, and more preferably exactly one, forme cylinder 901, designed in particular as a punching forme cylinder 901, on the one hand, and at least one impression cylinder 902, on the other hand.The shaping point 910 is preferably the area in which the respective forme cylinder 901, on the one hand, and the respective impression cylinder 902, on the other hand, are closest to each other. The at least one shaping point 910 is preferably designed as at least one punching point 910. The shaping device 900, in particular the shaping unit 914, preferably comprises at least one tool; more preferably, the at least one forme cylinder 901 comprises at least one tool. In a preferred embodiment, the tool of the shaping device 900, in particular of the shaping unit 914, preferably the tool of the forme cylinder 901, is at least temporarily in direct contact with the impression cylinder 902, in particular in the area of ​​the shaping point 910.

[0069] A sheet 02 processed by the shaping device 900, i.e., located on the transport path in the transport direction T after the at least one shaping point 910, preferably has at least one punching impression 1103. The at least one punching impression 1103 is formed, for example, as a groove and / or ridge and / or embossing and / or cut and / or perforation. Preferably, the at least one punching impression 1103, particularly if it is formed as a perforation and / or cut, is designed to at least partially separate at least one blank 1101 from at least one waste piece and / or from at least one further blank 1101. Preferably, a sheet 02 processed by the shaping device 900, i.e., located on the transport path in the transport direction T after the at least one shaping point 910, has at least one blank 1101, preferably at least two blanks 1101, and at least one waste piece.

[0070] In the foregoing and in the following, the term panel 1101 preferably refers to the number of identical objects according to DIN 16500-2 that are manufactured from the same piece of material and / or are arranged on a common carrier material, for example a common sheet 02. A panel 1101 is preferably that region of a sheet 02 that is designed as a product of the sheet processing machine 01, in particular as an intermediate product for producing an end product, for example as a blank, and / or is further processed into the desired or required end product and / or is designed to be further processed. The at least one panel 1101 of the respective sheet 02 preferably has the at least one printed image.Preferably, the desired or required end product, which was produced by the respective blank 1101 or preferably by further processing of the respective blank 1101, is a folding box and / or a lidded box and / or a folding sleeve and / or a dimensionally stable box.

[0071] A remnant, preferably a waste piece, is in the foregoing and in the following that region of a sheet 02 which does not correspond to a blank 1101. A remnant is preferably in the form of a waste piece and / or trim and / or break-out and is preferably designed to be at least partially removable from at least one blank 1101. Preferably during operation of the sheet processing machine 01, the at least one waste piece is produced at the at least one shaping point 910 of the shaping device 900, for example in at least one punching process, and preferably at least partially, preferably completely, removed from the respective sheet 02 during operation of the sheet processing machine 01.

[0072] Alternatively or additionally, the sheet processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, after the at least one shaping station 910, at least one separation device 903 for removing at least one waste piece from at least one sheet 02 is arranged. The separation device 903 is preferably designed to completely remove waste pieces from the respective sheet 02. The at least one separation device 903 thus serves in particular to separate the remaining pieces, in particular the former parts of the sheet 02 that have already been completely or partially separated from the sheet 02 and are to be removed from the sheet 02, of benefit 1101, in particular those parts of the sheet 02 that are to continue to be treated as sheet 02 and, if necessary, further processed.The at least one separation device 903 is designed, for example, as a separation unit 903 and / or as a separation module 903. Alternatively, the at least one separation device 903 is a component of another unit 900 or module 900, in particular of the at least one shaping unit 900 or shaping module 900.

[0073] The at least one separation device 903 preferably has at least one transport means 904 designed as a separation transport means 904, in particular for transporting sheets 02. The at least one separation transport means 904 preferably serves to transport respective sheets 02 along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 and / or in the transport direction T, while waste pieces are removed from the respective sheets 02. The waste pieces are preferably transported in a respective direction which has at least one component oriented orthogonal to the transport direction T, preferably counter to a vertical direction V, for example vertically downwards. Preferably, at least the force of gravity is also used to remove such waste pieces from the respective sheet 02.Thus, preferably only one force needs to be applied which separates the respective piece of waste from the respective sheet 02 and by gravity the respective piece of waste is then carried away in a direction which has at least one component which is oriented orthogonally to the transport direction T, preferably downwards.

[0074] Preferably, exactly one separation transport means 904 is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02. Alternatively, several separation transport means 904, which are designed differently, for example, are arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02. Alternatively or additionally, the sheet processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the at least one separation transport means 904 is designed to act and / or be capable of acting on sheets 02 from both above and below. Then, sheets 02 can be transported with sufficient accuracy along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, despite the action of the at least one separation device 903.Alternatively or additionally, the sheet processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the at least one separation transport means 904 has a plurality of upper separation transport belts arranged next to one another at a distance relative to the transverse direction A and / or a plurality of lower separation transport belts arranged next to one another at a distance relative to the transverse direction A. Separation transport belts are designed, for example, as endless and / or circulating belts, which more preferably have a relatively small dimension in the transverse direction A, for example, less than 5 cm (five centimeters), preferably less than 2 cm (two centimeters), and more preferably less than 1 cm (one centimeter).Relative to the transverse direction A, relatively large distances between respective adjacent separation transport belts are preferred, for example at least 2 cm (two centimeters), more preferably at least 5 cm (five centimeters), even more preferably at least 10 cm (ten centimeters), and even more preferably at least 20 cm (twenty centimeters). As a result, waste pieces can be moved, in particular fall through, between the separation transport belts in a direction with at least one component that is oriented orthogonal to the transport direction T, preferably in or opposite to the vertical direction V, more preferably downwards and / or upwards. Alternatively or additionally, the sheet processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the at least one separation transport means 904 is different from any suction transport means, i.e., is not designed as a suction transport means.

[0075] Alternatively or additionally, the sheet processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the at least one separation device 903 is designed as at least one jogging device 903 and / or in that the at least one separation device 903 has at least one jogging drive. Preferably, at least one separation transport belt can be deflected orthogonally to its local transfer direction by means of the at least one jogging drive. A local transfer direction is understood to mean the direction in which a respective element of the respective separation transport belt is moved due to a circumferential movement of the respective separation transport belt, in particular apart from any superimposed deflection movements. The at least one jogging drive therefore preferably serves to jog the respective sheet 02, in particular by movements in directions orthogonal to the transport direction T.Such movements, for example, are only necessary with a slight deflection. For example, the at least one vibrating drive is arranged to act directly or indirectly on the at least one separation transport means 904 and / or at least one separation transport belt and / or to be capable of acting thereon, for example via at least one impact wave. For example, the at least one vibrating drive is arranged to act directly or indirectly on at least one deflection means and / or at least one guide means of at least one separation transport belt and / or to be capable of acting thereon. For example, at least one electric and / or at least one pneumatic and / or at least one hydraulic and / or at least one magnetic drive is arranged as the vibrating drive.Alternatively or additionally, the at least one separation device 903 comprises, for example, at least one separation fan, which further preferably serves to remove waste pieces from the respective sheets 02 by means of at least one gas stream that is activated at least temporarily.

[0076] Alternatively or additionally, the sheet processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that at least one transport means 906 designed as a selective transport means 906 is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, in particular along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 after the at least one separation transport means 904. The at least one transport means 906 designed as a selective transport means 906 is preferably arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 following the at least one separation transport means 904, in particular directly following the at least one separation transport means 904. A selective transport means 906 is to be understood in particular as a transport means 906 that only transports and / or is capable of transporting selected objects, for example exclusively sheets 02 and / or no leftover pieces.At least one position and / or at least one dimension of the respective object, in particular with respect to the transverse direction A, serves as a distinguishing criterion. Preferably, the at least one selective transport means 906 is designed as at least one upper suction transport means 906 for a hanging transport of sheets 02, more preferably as at least one exclusively upper suction transport means 906 and / or for an exclusively hanging transport of sheets 02. Then, even after the at least one separation transport means 904, any remaining pieces can still fall away counter to the vertical direction V, preferably downwards, and move away from the sheets 02 without disrupting subsequent processes.The sheet processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the sheet processing machine 01 has at least one transport means 906, in particular an upper suction transport means 906, along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02 in the transport direction T after the separation device 903, which is designed for the hanging transport of sheets 02, preferably for the hanging transport of the at least one remaining part of the at least one sheet 02 with the at least one blank 1101 that has been processed by the shaping device 900.

[0077] In the transport direction T, the at least one substrate delivery device 1000 is preferably arranged downstream of the at least one shaping unit 900, more preferably downstream of the at least one separation device 903, more preferably following the at least one transport means 906. The substrate delivery device 1000 preferably comprises at least one delivery stack support 48 and at least one diverter delivery 51. The substrate delivery device 1000 designed as a delivery 1000 preferably has at least one preferably adjustable and / or controllable sheet diverter 49, which is designed to guide sheets 02 either to the delivery stack support 48 or the diverter delivery 51.

[0078] Preferably, along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, downstream of the at least one selective transport means 906, at least one transport means designed as a sheet braking means is arranged, which is further preferably arranged at least partially and further preferably completely above a delivery stack support of the sheet delivery 1000. The at least one sheet braking means serves in particular to brake sheets 02 before they are deposited onto a delivery stack on the delivery stack support 48.

[0079] Additionally or alternatively, the sheet processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that, in the transport direction T upstream of the delivery 1000, at least one change in the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, in particular the sheet diverter 49, is preferably regulated and / or controlled and / or designed to be controllable and / or adjustable. Preferably, the change in the transport path is designed to discharge and / or deflect sheets 02 onto a transport path bypassing the actual transport path. Preferably, the change in the transport path, in particular the sheet diverter 49, is designed to discharge and / or deflect sheets 02 onto a transport path bypassing the at least one sheet braking means.The change in the transport path, in particular the at least one sheet diverter 49, serves, for example, to eject at least one sheet 02, in particular a sample sheet to be examined and / or at least one waste sheet. A waste sheet has at least one defect by which it differs from a target state of sheet 02. Further preferably, the sheet processing machine 01 is characterized in that the change in the transport path, in particular the at least one sheet diverter 49, for ejecting sheet 02 onto a transport path bypassing the at least one sheet deceleration means is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, between the at least one separation device 903 on the one hand and the at least one sheet deceleration means on the other.

[0080] Alternatively or additionally, the sheet processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the delivery 1000, preferably the sheet delivery 1000, has at least one front pile limiter and / or that a delivery pile area is limited at least by the at least one rear sheet stop and the at least one front pile limiter and / or that the sheet delivery 1000 has at least one upper sheet transport system designed for a hanging transport of sheets 02, which has at least one shingling device and / or that the at least one shingling device serves for shingling for a shingled, hanging transport of at least two sheets 02 at at least one location arranged above the delivery pile area as seen in the vertical direction V.

[0081] A sheet 02, which is arranged on the transport path in the transport direction T after the at least one shaping station 910 and after the at least one separation device 903, preferably has at least one blank 1101, preferably at least two blanks 1101, and at least one sheet opening 1102, preferably at least two sheet openings 1102. Preferably, the at least one blank 1101 of the respective sheet 02 each has the at least one printed image. Preferably, the sheet 02 has at least two blanks 1101, each with the at least one printed image. Preferably, the at least two blanks 1101 of the respective sheet 02 each have at least one, preferably identical, printed image.

[0082] Preferably, a sheet 02, which is arranged on the transport path in the transport direction T after the at least one shaping station 910 and after the at least one separation device 903 and additionally or alternatively after passing through the sheet processing machine 01 is arranged outside the sheet processing machine 01, has at least one blank 1101, preferably at least two blanks 1101, wherein at least one residual piece, preferably at least two residual pieces, have been removed from the sheet 02. For example, the sheet 02 additionally has at least one punching impression 1103, preferably at least two punching impressions 1103, in particular a punching impression 1103 formed as a groove and / or score line and / or embossing. Preferably, the sheet 02 has no residual pieces in the transport direction T after the separation device 903 or after passing through the sheet processing machine 01.Different blanks 1101 are formed within a sheet 02, for example by at least one punching impression 1103, for example a perforation and / or an at least partial cut and / or a groove, so as to be separable from one another and / or separated from one another.

[0083] Preferably, a sheet 02 has no waste pieces downstream of the separation device 903 in the transport direction T. Preferably, a sheet 02 has, downstream of the separation device 903 in the transport direction T, a sheet opening 1102 at each of the positions of the waste pieces, the dimensions and / or contour of which correspond to the dimensions and / or contour of the respective removed waste piece. In an alternative or additional embodiment, for example, the dimensions and / or contour of a sheet opening 1102 correspond to the dimensions and / or contour of several adjacent waste pieces. The processing machine 01 preferably has at least one inspection device 726; 728; 916.Preferably, the remaining contour of the sheet 02, in particular the remaining contour of the at least one blank 1101, corresponds to the contour of the at least one remaining piece removed before the inspection device 916 and / or a combined contour of at least two remaining pieces removed before the inspection device 916.

[0084] In the foregoing and in the following, sheet opening 1102 preferably designates, in an actual state of the respective sheet 02, a region of sheet 02 in which, after the at least one processing operation in the shaping device 900 and additionally or alternatively after the at least one processing operation in the separation device 903, the respective sheet 02 preferably has no mass, preferably a gap. For example, the sheet opening 1102 is designed as a sheet gap 1102. Preferably, at least one waste piece of the respective sheet 02 can be and / or is assigned to a respective sheet opening 1102.Preferably, a sheet opening 1102 is that region of a sheet 02 from which at least one piece of waste has been removed and / or in which the sheet 02 has lost mass and / or has no remaining mass compared to a point in time before the at least one processing operation in the shaping device 900 and additionally or alternatively before the at least one processing operation in the separation device 903. Preferably, two opposing boundaries of the respective sheet opening 1102, in particular two opposing edges of the respective sheet 02 for defining the respective sheet opening 1102, are spaced apart from one another by a distance greater than zero, preferably greater than 5 mm (five millimeters), more preferably greater than 10 mm (ten millimeters), more preferably greater than 20 mm (twenty millimeters), more preferably greater than 30 mm (thirty millimeters).For example, the at least one relevant sheet opening 1102 in the desired or required end product, which was produced by the respective blank 1101 or its further processing, is designed as a handle.

[0085] In the foregoing and in the following, the print image describes a representation on the printing substrate 02 which corresponds to the sum of all print image elements, in particular all image-forming elements, wherein the individual print image elements are transferred and / or can be transferred to the printing substrate 02 during at least one work stage and / or at least one printing process. Preferably, at least one print image element can be transferred to the printing substrate 02 by a respective application unit 600 of the processing machine 01. The image-forming element is preferably an element which can be transferred to the sheet 02 by at least one application unit 600 of the processing machine 01 and which, in the sum of all image-forming elements, results in the print image.

[0086] According to DIN 16500-2, for example, in multicolor printing, a register is the precise combination of individual print image elements and / or imaging elements and / or color separations to form a printed image. The register is also called color register.

[0087] According to DIN 16500-2, an exact match of a print image on the front and back of a double-sided printed substrate 02 is a register.

[0088] The term register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 or also print mark is to be understood in the foregoing and hereinafter as a mark for checking the registration and / or the color register. Preferably, for each application unit 600 and / or for each application unit 614, at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24, preferably at least two register marks 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24, more preferably exactly two register marks 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24, are applied to at least one respective sheet 02.

[0089] A sheet 02 which is located on the transport path in the transport direction T after the at least one application unit 614, preferably after the last application unit 614, and which has been provided with printing fluid by at least the at least one application unit 614, in particular printing unit 614, preferably has at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24, preferably two register marks 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24, for each application unit 614 by which it was provided with printing fluid. With four application units 614, for example, the sheet 02 printed by all four application units 614 has at least four register marks 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24, preferably at least eight register marks 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24. Preferably, a register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 of the respective application unit 614 is formed as the first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19.Preferably, one register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 of the respective application unit 614 is designed as a second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24. The first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 is preferably arranged in the Y direction in a front region of the printable main surface of the sheet 02, in particular at a front edge of the printed image, and additionally or alternatively, the second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 is preferably arranged in the Y direction in a rear region of the printable main surface of the sheet 02, in particular at a rear edge of the printed image.

[0090] Preferably, each first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 is assigned a first reference position 06; 07; 08; 09 and each second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 is assigned a second reference position 11; 12; 13; 14. The respective reference position 06; 07; 08; 09; 11; 12; 13; 14 is the position of the respective register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 at which the register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 is arranged on an ideally printed sheet 02 and / or a print template. Preferably, the first reference positions 06; 07; 08; 09 are arranged next to one another in the Y direction and / or one behind the other in the X direction. Additionally or alternatively, the second reference positions 11; 12; 13; 14 are preferably arranged next to one another in the Y direction and / or one behind the other in the X direction.Preferably, a first reference position 06; 07; 08; 09 is arranged one behind the other in the Y direction and / or next to one another in the X direction relative to a second reference position 11; 12; 13; 14.

[0091] The sheet processing machine 01 preferably comprises at least one sheet sensor 164; 622; 722; 922. For example, the processing machine 01 has a plurality of sheet sensors 164; 622; 722; 922, which are preferably arranged at least partially one behind the other in the transport direction T. Preferably, depending on the position and / or function, the at least one sheet sensor 164 is designed as a sheet start sensor 164 or the at least one sheet sensor 622; 922 is designed as a sheet travel sensor 622; 922 or the at least one sheet sensor 722 is designed as a sheet control sensor 722. Preferably, the sheet sensor 622; 722; 922 is arranged at the same coordinate with respect to the transverse direction A. Preferably, the sheet sensors 622; 722; 922 are each arranged one behind the other in the transport direction T, preferably in alignment with one another.An arrangement of the sheet sensors 622; 722; 922 in the transport direction T in alignment with one another preferably ensures that the same position of the front edge 03 and / or rear edge 04 of the respective sheet 02 can be detected by the respective sheet sensors 622; 722; 922.

[0092] Preferably, the sheet processing machine 01 is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the at least one sheet sensor 164; 622; 722; 922 is designed to detect a position and / or position of the respective sheet 02. For example, in order to be able to subsequently carry out a targeted change in the position and / or position and / or to be able to use the information about the position and / or position of the respective sheet 02 in the respective sheet sensor 164; 622; 722; 922 in downstream units 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000. For example, information obtained in this way is used to align the sheets 02 without stops and / or during further transport. Preferably, the respective sheet sensor 164; 622; 722; 922 is designed to be mechanically movable relative to the transverse direction A. Preferably, the at least one sheet sensor 164; 622; 722; 922 designed as an optical sheet sensor 164; 622; 722; 922.Preferably, the at least one sheet sensor 164; 622; 722; 922 is designed as a leading edge sensor for generating a leading edge signal and / or the at least one sheet sensor 164; 622; 722; 922 is designed as a trailing edge sensor for generating a trailing edge signal.

[0093] The respective sheet sensor 164; 622; 722; 922 is configured to detect the respective leading edge 03 and / or respective trailing edge 04 and / or the at least one respective imaging element, for example the register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24, of the respective sheet 02 and preferably to transmit a corresponding signal. Further preferably, the at least one sheet sensor 164; 622; 722; 922 is configured simultaneously as a leading edge sensor and a trailing edge sensor.

[0094] Preferably, the sheet processing machine 01 is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the at least one sheet sensor 164; 622; 722; 922 is designed as a transmitted light sensor. A respective sheet sensor 164; 622; 722; 922 designed as a transmitted light sensor is characterized in that it has at least two sensor elements 171; 172; 623; 624; 723; 724; 923; 924 and in that the detection range of the respective transmitted light sensor extends between at least two of these sensor elements 171; 172; 623; 624; 723; 724; 923; 924. At least one sensor element 171; 623; 723; 923 of these at least two sensor elements 171; 172; 623; 624; 723; 724; 923; 924 is designed as a transmitter 171; 623; 723; 923, in particular as a transmitter 171; 623; 723; 923 for electromagnetic radiation.At least one sensor element 172; 624; 724; 924 of these at least two sensor elements 171; 172; 623; 624; 723; 724; 923; 924 is designed as a receiver 172; 624; 724; 924, in particular as a receiver 172; 624; 724; 924 for electromagnetic radiation and / or as a receiver 172; 624; 724; 924 assigned to the at least one transmitter 171; 623; 723; 923. For example, at least one reflector is arranged, which is also a sensor element. Preferably, at least one sensor element 171; 172; 623; 624; 723; 724; 923; 924 of the sheet sensor 164; 622; 722; 922 is arranged above the transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02 and at least one sensor element 171; 172; 623; 624; 723; 724; 923; 924 of the sheet sensor 164; 622; 722; 922 is arranged below the transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02.The sheet sensor 164; 622; 722; 922, which is preferably designed as a transmitted light sensor, preferably has a particularly high reaction speed and thereby preferably enables a particularly precise checking of the transport of the sheets 02. The at least one sheet sensor 164; 622; 722; 922 preferably has a sampling frequency which is at least 2 kHz (two kilohertz), more preferably at least 5 kHz (five kilohertz), even more preferably at least 9 kHz (nine kilohertz), even more preferably at least 19 kHz (nineteen kilohertz) and even more preferably at least 29 kHz (twenty-nine kilohertz).

[0095] Additionally or alternatively, the processing machine 01 preferably has the substrate feed device 100 with the at least one sheet sensor 164. The at least one sheet sensor 164 of the substrate feed device 100, designed as a sheet start sensor 164, is preferably arranged aligned with the intended transport path for detecting a respective leading edge 03 and / or a respective trailing edge 04 and / or at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 and / or at least part of the printed image of respective sheets 02. For example, the feed device 300 has the at least one sheet sensor 164 designed as a sheet start sensor 164.In an alternative or additional development, the processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the at least one sheet sensor 164 designed as a sheet start sensor 164 is arranged downstream of the at least one primary acceleration means 136 and / or downstream of the at least one front stop 137 and / or upstream of the at least one secondary acceleration means 119 with respect to the transport direction T. Alternatively or additionally, the processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the at least one sheet sensor 164, in particular the at least one sheet start sensor 164, is arranged in the region of the at least one secondary acceleration means 119 with respect to the transport direction T.

[0096] Preferably, the sheet sensor 164, designed as a sheet start sensor 164, is arranged such that its detection range has an intersection with a control section 167 of the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02. The control section 167 preferably begins at a starting point 168, which lies after the storage area 166 along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02, and / or preferably ends at an end point 169, which lies upstream of the at least one application unit 600 along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02. If the processing machine 01 comprises only one shaping device 900, the control section 167 preferably ends at the end point 169, which lies upstream of the at least one processing station 910, preferably designed as a shaping station 910, along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02.The control section 167 preferably defines an area which is suitable for an advantageous arrangement of the detection area of ​​the at least one sheet sensor 164.

[0097] Preferably, the sheet processing machine 01 is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the starting point 168 has an initial distance from the storage area 166 of at least 50 mm (fifty millimeters), more preferably at least 90 mm (ninety millimeters), more preferably at least 120 mm (one hundred and twenty millimeters), more preferably at least 140 mm (one hundred and forty millimeters), and more preferably at least 145 mm (one hundred and forty-five millimeters). The closer the starting point 168 and / or the detection range of the at least one sheet start sensor 164 is to the storage area 166, the sooner an accelerated sheet 02 can be detected and the sooner a corresponding measurement result can be responded to.By maintaining a minimum distance, it is preferably ensured that the sheet 02 to be detected already has the desired transport speed when it is detected, in particular the corresponding processing speed.

[0098] Preferably, the sheet processing machine 01 is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the end point 169 has a final distance from the at least one, in particular first, processing point 621 that is at least 200 mm (two hundred millimeters), more preferably at least 250 mm (two hundred and fifty millimeters), more preferably at least 290 mm (two hundred and ninety millimeters), more preferably at least 320 mm (three hundred and twenty millimeters), more preferably at least 340 mm (three hundred and forty millimeters), and more preferably at least 350 mm (three hundred and fifty millimeters). The closer the end point 169 is to the in particular first processing point 621, the more distance and / or time remains to check the results of compensating measures, in particular if the at least one sheet start sensor 164 is used for this purpose.

[0099] The end point 169 preferably has a final distance of at least 200 mm (two hundred millimeters), more preferably at least 250 mm (two hundred and fifty millimeters), more preferably at least 290 mm (two hundred and ninety millimeters), even more preferably at least 320 mm (three hundred and twenty millimeters), even more preferably at least 340 mm (three hundred and forty millimeters), and even more preferably at least 350 mm (three hundred and fifty millimeters) from the at least one transport means 700 arranged downstream of the secondary acceleration means 119 in the transport direction T. This ensures that compensating accelerations of the respective sheet 02 are completed before the sheet 02 engages the transport means 700, which is more preferably operated at a constant speed, in particular at the processing speed.

[0100] If the at least one sheet start sensor 164 is arranged too close to the first transport means 700 arranged downstream of the secondary acceleration means 119 in the transport direction T, a compensating movement may no longer be possible before the respective sheet 02 comes into contact with the transport means 700. In this case, the sheet transport and thus the processing speed of the sheet processing machine 01 would have to be permanently reduced overall. The respective initial distance and / or the respective final distance preferably results from the maximum sheet length of the sheets 02 to be processed by the sheet processing machine 01 and / or from the maximum processing speed at which the sheet processing machine 01 is to be operated.Preferably, the initial distance is at least as large as an acceleration distance over which the respective sheets 02 can be and / or are accelerated to the processing speed by means of the at least one primary acceleration means 136. Preferably, the final distance is at least as large as a distance that the sheets 02 travel at the processing speed in the time required to calculate and execute a respective compensation process.

[0101] Preferably, the sheet processing machine 01 is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the at least one secondary acceleration means 119 has at least three conveyor belts arranged adjacent to one another at a distance from one another with respect to a transverse direction A, and further preferably in that a detection range of the at least one sheet start sensor 164 extends between the at least three conveyor belts arranged adjacent to one another at a distance from one another with respect to the transverse direction A. This then results in the particular advantage that respective sheets 02 are held particularly well at the moment they are detected by the at least one sheet start sensor 164.

[0102] Preferably, each sheet 02 is assigned a movement profile that can be represented as a function in which a position of the respective sheet 02 along the transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02 is described as a function of the progression of the sequence of master axis values. If a sheet 02 is now detected by means of the at least one sheet sensor 164, the detection time is preferably assigned, for example, to a master axis value. A comparison can then be made as to the time or master axis value at which the sheet 02 would have been expected at the at least one sheet sensor 164. From a possible value deviation, it is preferably concluded how this sheet 02 must be transported, for example by means of the at least one secondary acceleration means 119, so that the value deviation can be compensated as far as possible or completely eliminated.By accelerating and / or braking the sheets 02 with the at least one secondary acceleration means 119, the respective sheet 02 is preferably adapted to the processing speed, in particular in the case of a previous value deviation.

[0103] Additionally or alternatively, the processing machine 01 preferably has at least two sheet start sensors 164, which are preferably arranged orthogonally to the transport path of sheet 02, which are more preferably arranged one behind the other in the transverse direction A and / or more preferably next to each other in the transport direction T. The at least two sheet sensors 164, which are designed in particular as sheet start sensors 164, are preferably designed to detect a skew of sheet 02. These at least two sheet start sensors 164, which are arranged one behind the other in the transverse direction A, are preferably each designed to detect the leading edge 03 and / or the trailing edge 04 and / or the at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 and / or at least part of the print image of a respective sheet 02.

[0104] Further preferably, the sheet processing machine 01 is alternatively or additionally characterized in that at least two sheet sensors 164 are arranged, the detection areas of which differ in their position relative to the transverse direction A. A skew measurement of the respective sheet 02 is then preferably carried out. The detection areas of these at least two sheet sensors 164 preferably have an identical position relative to the transport direction T, up to a tolerance of at most 10 mm (ten millimeters), more preferably at most 5 mm (five millimeters), and more preferably at most 2 mm (two millimeters). If the skew is too great, for example, compensation or sorting or marking of the corresponding sheet 02 or a machine stop takes place.

[0105] The at least one sheet sensor 622, designed as a sheet travel sensor 622, is preferably arranged directly in front of the respective assigned application unit 600 with the respective forme cylinder 616, preferably in the transport direction T. In one embodiment, the at least one sheet sensor 622 is designed to regulate and / or control the position and / or speed of the respective forme cylinder 616. In a further preferred embodiment, the sheet sensor 622 is arranged to regulate the machine speed. In particular, the at least one sheet sensor 622 is arranged to control and / or regulate a drive means of a transport device 700. Thus, the speed of the sheets 05 is preferably adjusted using the signal from the sheet sensor 622.

[0106] Preferably, at least one sheet sensor 622, in particular a sheet travel sensor 622, is assigned to each of the at least one application unit 600, more preferably to at least two application units 600, more preferably to each application unit 600. Preferably, at least one sheet sensor 922, in particular the sheet travel sensor 922, is assigned to each of the at least one shaping unit 900, preferably to each shaping unit 900. Preferably, the sheet travel sensor 622 is arranged upstream of the assigned application unit 600 in the transport direction T and / or the sheet travel sensor 922 is arranged upstream of the assigned shaping unit 900 in the transport direction T.

[0107] The at least one sheet sensor 622; 922 is designed to detect the arrival time of sheet 02 at the position of the sheet sensor 622; 922. The processing machine 01, preferably designed as a sheet-fed printing press 01, is preferably characterized in that the at least one sheet sensor 622; 922, designed as a sheet travel sensor 622; 922, is preferably arranged directed toward the intended transport path at least for detecting the respective arrival time of sheet 02, in particular the arrival time of the respective leading edge 03 and / or at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 and / or at least part of the printed image of the respective sheet 02.

[0108] Preferably, additionally or alternatively, the sheet processing machine 01 is characterized in that the respective sheet travel sensor 622; 922 is arranged in front of the respective processing station 621; 910 in the transport direction T. Preferably, the sheet travel sensors 622; 922, which are each assigned to an application unit 600 or a shaping unit 900, are arranged at the same position relative to the transverse direction A. This ensures that the same position of the leading edge 03 and / or the trailing edge 04 and / or the at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 and / or of at least one part of the printed image of the respective sheet 02 can be detected.

[0109] Preferably, the respective sheet travel sensor 622; 922 is arranged on a transport device 700 arranged, in the transport direction T, preferably directly in front of the respective unit 600; 900. Preferably, the respective sheet travel sensor 622; 922 is arranged such that at least a portion of the transport device 700, in particular at least a portion of the respective transport means 700, is arranged between the respective sheet travel sensor 622; 922 and the respective processing point 621; 910 of the respective unit 600; 900. In a preferred embodiment of the transport device 700, the transport means 700 is designed as an upper suction transport means 700, in particular as the at least one roller suction system.Preferably, at least one transport roller and / or at least one transport roller, more preferably additionally a maximum of three transport rollers and / or three transport rollers, of the upper suction transport means 700 are arranged, relative to the transport direction T, between the respective sheet travel sensor 622; 922 and the processing point 621; 910 of the respective unit 600; 900.

[0110] Preferably, the respective sheet travel sensor 622; 922 has a minimum distance of at least 200 mm (two hundred millimeters), preferably at least 300 mm (three hundred millimeters), more preferably at least 350 mm (three hundred and fifty millimeters), even more preferably at least 400 mm (four hundred millimeters) from the processing station 621; 910 assigned to it. Additionally or alternatively, the respective sheet travel sensor 622; 922 preferably has a maximum distance of at most 650 mm (six hundred and fifty millimeters), more preferably at most 600 mm (six hundred millimeters), even more preferably at most 550 mm (five hundred and fifty millimeters), even more preferably 450 mm (four hundred and fifty millimeters) from the processing station 621; 910 assigned to it.Preferably, the respective sheet travel sensor 622, which is assigned to an application unit 600, has a shorter distance from the respective processing point 621 than the respective sheet travel sensor 922, which is assigned to a forming unit 900. The minimum distance of the sheet travel sensor 622; 922 from the respective processing point 621; 910 preferably ensures that a sufficiently long transport path exists between the sheet travel sensor 622; 922 and the respective processing point 621; 910 in order to synchronize the arrival time of the sheet 02, in particular the leading edge 03, with the leading edge of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616.The maximum distance of the sheet travel sensor 622; 922 from the respective processing point 621; 910 preferably ensures that the shortest possible distance of the transport path is present between the sheet travel sensor 622; 922 and the respective processing point 621; 910 in order to avoid a further influence on the speed of the sheet 02 and thus an influence on its arrival time by the transport path.

[0111] The respective at least one sheet travel sensor 622; 922 is designed to detect the arrival time of the sheets 02, in particular the arrival time of the leading edge 03 and / or the at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 and / or at least part of the printed image of the sheets 02, preferably before the respective sheet 02 reaches the relevant processing station 621; 910 of the associated unit 600; 900.

[0112] Preferably, each sheet 02 is assigned a movement profile that can be represented as a function in which a position of the respective sheet 02 along the transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02 is described as a function of the progression of the sequence of leading axis values. If a sheet 02 is now detected by means of the at least one sheet sensor 622; 922, in particular the at least one sheet travel sensor 622; 922, the detection time is preferably assigned, for example, to a leading axis value. Then, a comparison is preferably made with the time or leading axis value at which the sheet 02 would have been expected at the at least one sheet sensor 622; 922.

[0113] The structure, arrangement, and principle of the at least one sheet sensor 622; 922 are described below based on the design of an application unit 600 with at least one sheet sensor 622 assigned to it. Preferably, the structure and / or arrangement and / or principle of the sheet travel sensor 622 of the application unit 600 is transferable to the sheet travel sensor 922 of the forming unit 900. In the case of the forming unit 900, the forme cylinder 901 has at least one tool for processing sheets 02, at least partially along its outer surface. Preferably, in a figurative sense, the area of ​​the outer surface of the forme cylinder 901 that has the at least one tool corresponds to the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616 of the application unit 600.

[0114] If the sheet sensor 622 is assigned to an application unit 600, the leading axis value of the sheets 02, which corresponds to the respective detection time by the sheet sensor 622, is preferably comparable to a leading axis value of the position of the holder 626 of the forme cylinder 616, and thus preferably a leading edge of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616. Preferably, the position of the leading edge 03 of the sheets 02 and / or the position of at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 and / or the position of at least part of the print image relative to the position of the leading edge of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616 can be determined, in particular via the respectively assigned leading axis value.

[0115] Preferably, in order to achieve a precisely fitting printed image with the respective application unit 600 and / or a precisely fitting punching image with the respective forming unit 900, the processing speed of the sheets 02 is preferably additionally or alternatively adapted to a rotational speed and / or speed of the forme cylinder 616; 901, more preferably in addition to a rotational speed and / or speed of the impression cylinder 617; 902, such that the leading edge 03 of the respective sheet 02 and the leading edge of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616 or alternatively a leading edge of the area of ​​the forme cylinder 901 having the tool pass through the respective processing station 621; 910 at the same time.

[0116] Preferably, the position of the leading edge 03 of the relevant sheet 02, in particular the associated leading axis value, and the position of the leading edge of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616, in particular the associated leading axis value, coincide when the leading edge 03 of the relevant sheet 02 and the leading edge of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616 are arranged at the processing point 621 of the respective unit 600. Preferably, the arrival time of the sheet 02, in particular the arrival time of the leading edge 03 and / or at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 and / or at least part of the print image of the sheet 02, coincides with the arrival time of the leading edge of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616 at the processing point 621.

[0117] In the event of a possible respective value deviation of the assigned leading axis value of the position of the leading edge of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616 and the assigned leading axis value of the position of the leading edge 03 and / or at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 and / or at least part of the print image of the sheet 02 in question, at least one adjustment and / or at least one change of the assigned leading axis value of the position of the leading edge of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616 relative to the assigned leading axis value of the position of the leading edge 03 and / or to at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 and / or to at least part of the print image of the sheet 02 in question is necessary, for example in order to maintain the register.In a preferred embodiment of the processing machine 01, the forme cylinder 616, in particular the position of the front edge of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616, is preferably designed to be variable in the event of a value deviation of the assigned leading axis value of the position of the front edge of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616 relative to the assigned leading axis value of the position of the front edge 03 and / or of the at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 and / or of at least one part of the print image of the relevant sheet 02. Preferably, the forme cylinder 616 is accelerated and / or decelerated as long as at least a part of the non-printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616 is arranged at the processing point 621, so that the arrival time of the sheet 02 at the processing point 621 coincides with the arrival time of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616 at the processing point 621.By accelerating and / or decelerating the forme cylinder 616 while at least a portion of the non-printing area passes through the processing point 621, it is ensured that the arrival time of the sheet 02, in particular the arrival time of the leading edge 03 of the sheet 02, at the processing point 621 coincides with the arrival time of the leading edge of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616 at the processing point 621. Preferably, the start of the processing of sheet 02 at the respective processing point 621 can be adapted and / or determined and / or changed by accelerating and / or decelerating the forme cylinder 616.For example, as long as at least a portion of the printing area of ​​its lateral surface is arranged at the processing point 621, the forme cylinder 616 has at least a partial speed that differs from the speed of the forme cylinder 616 as long as at least a portion of the non-printing area of ​​its lateral surface is arranged at the processing point 621. Preferably, the impression cylinder 617 is additionally accelerated and / or decelerated complementarily to the forme cylinder 616.

[0118] In the foregoing and in the following, the speed of the forme cylinder 616 preferably corresponds to its peripheral speed, at which the respective forme cylinder 616 rotates in its respective direction of rotation. The direction of rotation of the forme cylinder 616 is preferably the direction in which the respective forme cylinder 616 rotates and / or is designed to rotate for transporting sheets 02 along the transport path, preferably in the transport direction T.

[0119] As soon as the leading edge 03 of the sheet 02 has reached the processing point 621, the forme cylinder 616 is preferably operated at the speed which corresponds to the processing speed of sheet 02 in the respective unit 600.

[0120] As long as at least part of the printing region of its outer surface is arranged at the processing point 621, the forme cylinder 616 has, for example, a constant speed. Preferably, alternatively, the forme cylinder 616 has an at least partially changing speed as long as at least part of the printing region of its outer surface is arranged at the processing point 621. This changing speed is present in particular in order to generate a change in a printing length I2 relative to a reference length I1, preferably a minimization of the difference between the printing length I2 and the reference length I1, so that the register of the printed image is adjusted and / or improved and / or changed. The change in the printing length I2 is preferably achieved by accelerating and / or decelerating the forme cylinder 616 while at least part of the printing region of its outer surface is arranged at the processing point 621.As a result, for example, the respective applied print image on sheet 02 is stretched and / or compressed relative to the printing form used for it. This may be necessary, for example, if sheets 02 change their expansion, particularly in the transport direction T, during processing by multiple units 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000, particularly due to the processing, for example, the application of the at least one printing fluid and / or a printing run of the at least one processing station 621; 910.

[0121] Additionally or alternatively, for example, the transport speed v3 of sheet 02 can be changed by accelerating and / or decelerating sheet 02 with at least part of the transport means 700 upstream of the processing point 621; 910 relative to the processing speed of the processing machine 01 at the relevant position. For this purpose, sheet 02 is preferably accelerated and / or decelerated by at least part of the transport means 700, for example by at least one transport roller and / or transport roller of the roller suction system, in particular by at least the transport roller and / or transport roller arranged directly upstream of the processing point 621; 910 in the transport direction T.By accelerating and / or decelerating the sheet 02, the position of the leading edge 03 of the sheet 02 preferably coincides with the rear edge of the non-printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616; 901 and / or with the leading edge of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616; 901 upon reaching the processing point 621.

[0122] In a preferred embodiment of the processing machine 01, at least one imaging element on sheet 02, for example at least a portion of the printed image of sheet 02 and / or at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24, is recorded and / or evaluated by the operating personnel using at least one sheet 02 designed as a sample sheet. Preferably, the at least one register of the printed image and additionally or alternatively the at least one imaging element of sheet 02 and additionally or alternatively the at least one dimension of the print length I2 of the at least one printed image of the respective sheet 02 and additionally or alternatively at least one error in the at least one processing of the respective sheet 02 and additionally or alternatively at least one error in the at least one printed image of the respective sheet 02 are recorded and / or evaluated by the operating personnel using at least one sample sheet.For this purpose, the at least one sheet 02 designed as a sample sheet is preferably guided onto a transport path that is alternative to the actual transport path, preferably removed manually or mechanically from the processing machine 01 and inspected outside the processing machine 01.

[0123] Additionally or alternatively, the processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the processing machine 01 has at least one inspection device 726; 728; 916. The processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the at least one inspection device 726; 728; 916 is arranged along the transport path of sheet 02 after the forme cylinder 616 of the at least one printing unit 614. The at least one inspection device 726; 728; 916 is preferably arranged in the transport direction T after the at least one application unit 600, preferably in the transport direction T after the last application unit 600. More preferably, at least two inspection devices 726; 728; 916, even more preferably three inspection devices 726; 728; 916, are arranged in the transport direction T after the at least one application unit 600, preferably in the transport direction T after the last application unit 600.Preferably, the at least two inspection devices 726; 728; 916 are arranged one behind the other in the transport direction T in the processing machine 01.

[0124] The inspection device 726; 728; 916 is preferably designed as a print image inspection system 726 and / or as a register inspection system 728 and / or as a punch inspection system 916. The inspection device 726; 728; 916 is preferably designed to detect at least one image-forming element on the sheet 02, for example at least a portion of the print image of the sheet 02 and / or at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24. The image-forming element on the sheet 02 is preferably a portion of at least one print image element and / or a register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 and / or an element that generates an image on the respective sheet 02.

[0125] The inspection device 726; 728; 916 is designed to detect the at least one register of the printed image and additionally or alternatively the at least one imaging element of sheet 02 and additionally or alternatively the at least one dimension of the print length I2 of the at least one printed image of the respective sheet 02 and additionally or alternatively at least one error in the at least one processing of the respective sheet 02 and additionally or alternatively at least one error in the at least one printed image of the respective sheet 02. Errors in the printed image preferably include missing and / or additional imaging elements of at least one printed image element and additionally or alternatively the color of the printed image and / or the respective printed image elements and additionally or alternatively splashes of printing fluid in unwanted positions.Further preferably, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 is designed both to detect the at least one imaging element of sheet 02 and to detect the dimension of the at least one print length I2 of the at least one print image of the respective sheet 02 and to detect at least one error in the at least one processing of the respective sheet 02 and to detect at least one error in the at least one print image of the respective sheet 02.

[0126] To determine the measure of the print length I2, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 preferably detects at least one first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 and at least one associated second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 or at least two imaging elements on the sheet 02. By detecting the first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 and the associated second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24, a measure for the relevant print length I2 is preferably generated and / or calculated, for example by an evaluation unit and / or the relevant inspection device 726; 728; 916. To determine the measure of the print length I2, at least the length of the sheet 02 and / or the speed of the sheet 02 at the relevant position on the transport path and / or other factors influencing the sheet 02 are preferably taken into account.

[0127] Preferably, in the case that the processing machine 01 has exactly one inspection device 726; 728; 916, the at least one image capture device of the inspection device 726; 728; 916 is designed at least to capture the at least one imaging element on the sheet 02, for example at least a part of the printed image of the sheet 02 and / or at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24. Preferably, in the case that the processing machine 01 has exactly one inspection device 726; 728; 916, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 is designed at least to capture the at least one imaging element of the sheet 02 with an area of ​​at least 0.01 mm 2< (zero point zero one square millimeter).

[0128] Preferably, at least one inspection device 726; 728, preferably at least two inspection devices 726; 728, even more preferably exactly two inspection devices 726; 728, if present, are arranged in the transport direction T between the at least one application unit 600, preferably between the last application unit 600, and the at least one shaping unit 900.

[0129] In a preferred embodiment, the processing machine 01, which is preferably designed as a sheet-fed printing press 01, is additionally or alternatively characterized in that at least one sheet sensor 722 designed as a sheet control sensor 722 is arranged in the transport direction T upstream of the at least one inspection device 726; 728, preferably upstream of the at least two inspection devices 726; 728. The sheet control sensor 722 is preferably arranged downstream of the at least one application unit 600 in the transport direction T, preferably downstream of the last application unit 600 in the transport direction T, of the sheet-fed printing press 01 and upstream of the at least one inspection device 726; 728, preferably upstream of the at least two inspection devices 726; 728.

[0130] Preferably, the sheet control sensor 722 is arranged upstream of a first inspection device 726; 728; 916 in the transport direction T. Preferably, the first inspection device 726; 728; 916 designates the inspection device 726; 728; 916 which is arranged upstream of each further inspection device 726; 728; 916 in the transport direction T. For example, the first inspection device 726; 728; 916 is designed as a print image control system 726 and / or as a register control system 728. If the processing machine 01 has only a shaping unit 900 without an application unit 600 advanced toward it, for example, in the transport direction T, the first inspection device 726; 728; 916 is preferably designed at least as a punch control system 916.The at least one further inspection device 726; 728; 916, which is arranged downstream of the first inspection device 726; 728; 916 in the transport direction T, is preferably referred to as the second inspection device 726; 728; 916 and the one further subsequent inspection device 726; 728; 916 is preferably referred to as the third inspection device 726; 728; 916.

[0131] Preferably, the sheet control sensor 722 has a minimum distance of at least 250 mm (two hundred and fifty millimeters), preferably of at least 300 mm (three hundred millimeters), more preferably of at least 330 mm (three hundred and thirty millimeters) from the at least one inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the first inspection device 726; 728; 916. Additionally or alternatively, the sheet control sensor 722 has a maximum distance of at most 500 mm (five hundred millimeters), preferably at most 450 mm (four hundred and fifty millimeters), more preferably at most 400 mm (four hundred millimeters), even more preferably at most 350 mm (three hundred and fifty millimeters) from the at least one inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the first inspection device 726; 728.

[0132] Preferably, the sheet control sensor 722 has a minimum distance of at least 600 mm (six hundred millimeters), preferably of at least 650 mm (six hundred and fifty millimeters), more preferably of at least 700 mm (seven hundred millimeters) from the at least one second inspection device 726; 728; 916. Additionally or alternatively, the sheet control sensor 722 has a maximum distance of at most 850 mm (eight hundred and fifty millimeters), preferably at most 800 mm (eight hundred millimeters), more preferably at most 750 mm (seven hundred and fifty millimeters) from the at least one second inspection device 726; 728; 916.

[0133] Preferably, the sheet control sensor 722 is configured to detect the arrival time of sheet 02 at the position of the sheet control sensor 722, in particular the arrival time of the leading edge 03 and / or the at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 and / or a portion of the printed image of sheet 02 at the position of the sheet control sensor 722. Preferably, the sheet control sensor 722 is additionally configured to emit at least one signal, preferably at least one electrical signal, more preferably at least one control signal or at least one control signal.Preferably, the sheet control sensor 722 is designed to emit the at least one signal, preferably at least one electrical signal, more preferably the at least one control signal or the at least one control signal, whenever the leading edge 03 and / or the at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 and / or the relevant part of the print image of sheet 02 is registered with the sheet control sensor 722.

[0134] Preferably, the at least one inspection device 726; 728; 916 can be regulated and / or controlled by the at least one signal, preferably the at least one electrical signal, more preferably the at least one regulating signal or the at least one control signal, of the at least one sheet control sensor 722. Preferably, the print image control system 726 and the register control system 728 can be regulated and / or controlled by the same sheet control sensor 722. Preferably, the time for triggering at least one recording of the at least one inspection device 726; 728; 916 can be regulated and / or controlled by the at least one signal, preferably the at least one electrical signal, more preferably the at least one regulating signal or the at least one control signal, of the at least one sheet control sensor 722.

[0135] Preferably, the at least one inspection device 726; 728; 916 each comprises at least one evaluation means or is each connected to an evaluation means.

[0136] In a preferred embodiment, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 is configured to determine an actual state of at least one sheet 02, particularly through the image capture device. The actual state of sheet 02 is preferably the state, particularly with respect to the printed image and / or shape and / or mass and / or contour, which the respective sheet 02 has at the time of capture by the inspection device 726; 728; 916.

[0137] Additionally or alternatively, the sheet processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the inspection device 726; 728; 916 comprises the evaluation means or is connected to the evaluation means, and in that the evaluation means is configured to compare the actual state of the at least one sheet 02 with a desired state of the respective sheet 02. The evaluation means is preferably configured to receive and evaluate data about the actual state of sheet 02 from the image capture device of the inspection device 726; 728; 916.The target state of the respective sheet 02 is preferably the state, in particular with regard to the printed image and / or shape and / or mass and / or contour, which the sheet 02, preferably an ideally manufactured sheet 02, is intended to have, in particular at the time of detection by the inspection device 726; 728; 916, and / or which is specified for the at least one sheet 02 by at least one reference and / or by at least one sample sheet, in particular as a comparison value. For example, the target state of the respective sheet 02 is the desired and / or required state that a product manufactured from corresponding sheets 02 is intended to have.An ideally manufactured sheet 02 preferably describes a sheet 02 which, after the completed processing operation, preferably within the unit 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 assigned to the respective processing operation, preferably exactly corresponds to the reference for this sheet 02 on which the respective processing operation is based.

[0138] In a preferred embodiment, the target state of the relevant sheet 02 is determined and / or determinable on the basis of a digital reference and / or a trained reference. The digital reference preferably contains at least some of the information, preferably all of the information, necessary to clearly determine the required target state of the relevant sheet 02. The digital reference is preferably embodied as a digital image template. The digital reference preferably has a PDF, TIF, or JPG file format. The trained reference is preferably a sheet 02 that is embodied as a sample sheet and / or is detected, for example, by the inspection device 726; 728; 916 and / or is stored in the evaluation means as a basis for comparison.

[0139] The inspection device 726; 728; 916 is preferably designed to determine a measure for an at least partial deviation of the at least one print image element and / or the print image of the sheet 02 from the target state of the respective sheet 02. Depending on the result of the determined measure for the deviation of the sheet 02 from the target state of the respective sheet 02, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 is preferably designed to output a signal, for example an optical signal and / or a control signal and / or a regulation signal. If the measure of the deviation lies within the tolerance of the target state of the respective sheet 02, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 is preferably designed to output at least one good signal, i.e. the respective sheet 02 is considered to be OK.If the deviation measure lies outside the tolerance range of the target state of the respective sheet 02, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 is preferably configured to output at least one bad signal, i.e., the respective sheet 02 is considered to be out of order. For example, in addition to or as an alternative to the at least one bad signal, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 is preferably configured to transmit at least one signal for regulation and / or control to the sheet switch 49.

[0140] Preferably, the at least one inspection device 726; 728; 916 is designed at least as the print image control system 726. Preferably, the print image control system 726 is arranged downstream of the sheet control sensor 722 in the transport direction T, more preferably without a further application unit 600 or shaping unit 900 in between. Preferably, the at least one inspection device 726 is arranged downstream of the at least one application unit 600 in the transport direction T, preferably downstream of the last application unit 600 in the transport direction T. More preferably, the print image control system 726 is arranged downstream of the at least one application unit 600 in the transport direction T, preferably downstream of the last application unit 600 in the transport direction T, and upstream of the at least one shaping unit 900, preferably upstream of a first shaping unit 900.

[0141] The inspection device 726 embodied as a print image inspection system 726 preferably comprises at least one image capture device, preferably at least one optical image capture device. The at least one image capture device is preferably embodied as a camera, more preferably as a color camera, more preferably as a line scan camera, more preferably as at least one CMOS sensor and / or at least one CCD sensor. At least one light source 727 embodied as illumination 727, for example an LED light source, in particular a white light source 727, is preferably assigned to the print image inspection system 726. At least two light sources 727, in particular exactly two light sources 727, are preferably assigned to the print image inspection system 726.Preferably, in the transport direction T, at least one illumination 727 is arranged directly before and / or directly after a detection area of ​​the print image control system 726 and is directed toward the detection area of ​​the print image control system 726. Preferably, the print image control system 726 comprises at least one optical system, for example, at least one lens, which is preferably arranged between the at least one image capture device and the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02.

[0142] Preferably, the at least one image capture device of the print image control system 726 is designed to capture at least the at least one imaging element on the sheet 02, for example, at least part of the print image of the sheet 02 and / or at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24. Preferably, the print image control system 726 is designed to capture at least the at least one imaging element of the sheet 02 with an area of ​​at least 0.1 mm 2 (zero point one square millimeter).

[0143] In a preferred additional or alternative embodiment, the at least one print image control system 726, in particular the at least one image capture device of the print image control system 726, is directed towards the transport path of sheet 02 such that the at least one print image which can be applied to sheet 02 by the at least one application unit 600 can be at least partially captured by the print image control system 726, in particular the at least one image capture device of the print image control system 726, and preferably additionally evaluated.

[0144] For example, when sheet 02 is guided horizontally, the print image inspection system 726 is preferably arranged above the transport path and / or the transport plane, in particular in the vertical direction V downstream of the transport path and / or the transport plane. Thus, the sheet 02 can be at least partially, preferably completely, detected and / or inspected from above by the print image inspection system 726. When sheet 02 is guided horizontally, the at least one print image is preferably arranged facing upwards on the main surface of the sheet 02. Thus, the at least one print image of the sheet 02 can be at least partially, preferably completely, detected and / or inspected and / or evaluated by the print image inspection system 726 in this embodiment.

[0145] In a preferred suspended guidance of sheet 02, the print image inspection system 726 is preferably arranged below the transport path and / or the transport plane, in particular in the vertical direction V in front of the transport path and / or in front of the transport plane. Thus, the print image inspection system 726 is preferably designed to at least partially, preferably completely, capture and / or inspect the sheet 02 from below. In the suspended guidance of sheet 02, the at least one print image is preferably arranged facing downwards on the main surface of the sheet 02. Thus, at least in this embodiment, the print image inspection system 726 is preferably designed to at least partially, preferably completely, capture and / or inspect the at least one print image of the sheet 02 from below, preferably in the vertical direction V from in front of the transport path and / or from in front of the transport plane.

[0146] The print image control system 726, in particular the at least one image capture device, is preferably designed to capture at least part of the working width, more preferably the entire working width, of the sheet processing machine 01. For example, one image capture device captures only part of the working width; in this case, the print image control system 726 preferably comprises at least two image capture devices, each of which is designed to capture at least partially different areas of the working width. Preferably, the at least two image capture devices of the print image control system 726, if present, are arranged next to one another in the transport direction T and / or one behind the other in the transverse direction A.

[0147] In a preferred embodiment of the processing machine 01, the inspection device 726 embodied as the print image control system 726 is designed to detect at least part of the print image of sheet 02, preferably the entire print image of sheet 02. Preferably, the print image of sheet 02 can be at least partially checked and / or evaluated by the at least one inspection device 726 embodied as the print image control system 726. Errors occurring in at least part of the print image of sheet 02 and additionally or alternatively occurring errors in the sheet 02 itself can preferably be detected and / or evaluated by the at least one print image control system 726.Possible errors that a print image may have, for example, include splashes of printing fluid at positions on sheet 02 that do not match a print template, and additionally or alternatively, a deviation of the color of the printing fluid used from the color of the printing fluid used specified in the print template in at least one print image element, and additionally or alternatively, deviations of the print image, in particular at least one print image element, from the print template, for example due to a lack of printing fluid at positions intended for it. Possible errors on sheet 02 include, for example, curvature or unevenness of the sheet surface and additionally or alternatively, holes or tears on sheet 02 and additionally or alternatively, creases on sheet 02.

[0148] In an alternative embodiment, at least the print image is at least partially inspected and / or evaluated and / or adjusted by the operating personnel, preferably based on at least one sample sheet. An additional inspection device 726 configured as a print image control system 726 is then preferably optional in the processing machine 01.

[0149] Preferably, the at least one inspection device 726; 728; 916 is designed at least as a register control system 728, in particular a color register control system 728. Preferably, the register control system 728 is arranged downstream of the sheet control sensor 722 in the transport direction T, more preferably without a further application unit 600 or shaping unit 900 in between. Preferably, the at least one inspection device 728 is arranged downstream of the at least one application unit 600 in the transport direction T, preferably downstream of the last application unit 600 in the transport direction T. More preferably, the register control system 728 is arranged downstream of the at least one application unit 600 in the transport direction T, preferably downstream of the last application unit 600 in the transport direction T, and upstream of the at least one shaping unit 900, preferably upstream of a first shaping unit 900.For example, the at least one register control system 728 is arranged downstream of the at least one print image control system 726 in the transport direction T, which then serves as the first inspection device 726 of the processing machine 01. Alternatively, the at least one register control system 728 is arranged upstream of the at least one print image control system 726 in the transport direction T and then more preferably serves as the first inspection device 728 of the processing machine 01.

[0150] The inspection device 728 designed as a registration control system 728 preferably comprises at least one preferably optical image capture device, preferably at least two preferably optical image capture devices, more preferably exactly two preferably optical image capture devices. The at least one image capture device is preferably designed as a camera, more preferably as a color camera, more preferably as a line scan camera, more preferably as a CMOS sensor and / or CCD sensor. The registration control system 728 preferably has at least one light source, for example an LED light source. The registration control system 728 preferably comprises at least one optical system, which is preferably arranged between the at least one image capture device and the transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02.

[0151] Preferably, the at least one image capture device of the registration control system 728 is designed at least to capture the at least one imaging element on the sheet 02, for example, at least part of the printed image of the sheet 02 and / or at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24. Preferably, the registration control system 728 is designed at least to capture the at least one imaging element of the sheet 02 with an area of ​​at least 0.01 mm 2 (zero point zero one square millimeter).

[0152] In a preferred additional or alternative embodiment, the at least one register control system 728 is directed toward the transport path for detecting sheet 02. In a preferred additional or alternative embodiment, the at least one register control system 728, in particular the at least one image capture device of the register control system 728, is directed toward the transport path of sheet 02 such that the at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24, which can be applied to sheet 02 by the at least one application unit 600, can be detected and / or evaluated at least partially, preferably completely, by the register control system 728, in particular by the at least one image capture device of the register control system 728.Preferably, the sheet 02 has at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 for each application unit 614 used, preferably two register marks 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 in each case, wherein the sheet 02 further preferably has a first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 preferably in a front region in the transport direction T of the main surface of the sheet 02 provided with at least one printed image and a second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 preferably in a rear region in the transport direction T of the main surface of the sheet 02 provided with at least one printed image. Preferably, the register control system 728 is designed to detect at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 per application unit used 614 formed.Preferably, the registration control system 728 is designed to detect both the at least one first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 and the at least one second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 from the respective application unit 614 used on a respective sheet 02.

[0153] In a preferred embodiment, the registration control system 728 comprises at least two image capture devices, preferably exactly two image capture devices, which are preferably arranged one behind the other in the transport direction T, preferably directly behind the other in the transport direction T. The first image capture device of the registration control system 728 in the transport direction T is preferably designed to capture the at least one first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 for each applicator unit 614 used, which is preferably arranged in the front region, in the transport direction T, of the main surface of the sheet 02 provided with at least one printed image.The second image capture device of the register control system 728, in the transport direction T, is preferably designed to capture the at least one second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 for each application unit 614 used, which is preferably arranged in the rear region, in the transport direction T, of the main surface of the sheet 02 provided with at least one printed image. Alternatively, the first image capture device is designed to capture the at least one second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 for each application unit 614 used, and the second image capture device is designed to capture the at least one first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 for each application unit 614 used. Thus, one image capture device is preferably designed to capture the at least one first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 or the at least one second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 for each application unit 614 used.

[0154] For example, when sheet 02 is guided horizontally, the registration control system 728 is preferably arranged above the transport path and / or the transport plane, in particular in the vertical direction V downstream of the transport path and / or the transport plane. Thus, at least part of sheet 02 can be detected and / or inspected from above by the registration control system 728. When sheet 02 is guided horizontally, the at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 is preferably arranged pointing upwards on the main surface of sheet 02. Thus, the at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 of sheet 02 can be detected and / or inspected and / or evaluated at least partially, preferably completely, by the registration control system 728 in this embodiment.

[0155] In a preferred hanging guidance of sheet 02, the register control system 728 is preferably arranged below the transport path and / or the transport plane, in particular in the vertical direction V in front of the transport path and / or in front of the transport plane. The register control system 728 is thus preferably designed to detect and / or inspect sheet 02 at least in part from below. In the hanging guidance of sheet 02, the at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 is preferably arranged pointing downwards on the main surface of sheet 02. Thus, at least in this embodiment, the register control system 728 is preferably designed to detect and / or inspect the at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 of the sheet 02 is designed to be at least partially, preferably completely, detecting and / or inspecting from below, preferably in the vertical direction V from in front of the transport path and / or from in front of the transport plane.

[0156] Preferably, the registration control system 728, in particular the at least one image capture device, is designed to capture at least part of the working width of the sheet processing machine 01.

[0157] In an alternative embodiment, at least the register is at least partially inspected and / or evaluated and / or adjusted by the operating personnel, preferably using at least one sample sheet. An additional inspection device 728 configured as a register control system 728 is then preferably optional in the processing machine 01.

[0158] Preferably, in a first printing process of the processing machine 01, the registration of the application units 600 relative to one another is adjusted. To adjust the registration, preferably a single sheet 02 or at least two sheets 02 or as few sheets 02 as possible pass through the units 100; 300; 600; 700; 900; 1000 of the processing machine 01 in the transport direction T. The registration of the application units 600 relative to one another is preferably detected and / or regulated by the registration control system 728. The registration control system 728 preferably detects at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24, preferably all register marks 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24, of the respective sheet 02.

[0159] In an ideally produced sheet 02 in a printing operating state of the processing machine 01, the sheet 02 preferably has at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 per application unit 614, each at its assigned reference position 06; 07; 08; 09; 11; 12; 13; 14. Depending on the existing deviation of the respective register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 from its reference position 06; 07; 08; 09; 11; 12; 13; 14, a different change is necessary.

[0160] Preferably, any deviation of the register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 from its reference position 06; 07; 08; 09; 11; 12; 13; 14, which preferably describes a deviation in the register, is detected by the register control system 728 and additionally or alternatively evaluated. Alternatively, the deviation in the register is preferably detected and / or evaluated by the operating personnel. If there is a deviation of at least one of the register marks 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 from its reference position 06; 07; 08; 09; 11; 12; 13; 14, a change in the positioning of components of the processing machine 01 and / or the sheet guide and / or the speed of the sheets 02 is preferably carried out in accordance with the existing deviation.Preferably, for example, the forme cylinder 616 is regulated according to the existing deviation and / or the position of the forme cylinder 616 is changed and / or a sheet 02 following on the transport path is regulated.

[0161] For example, in the case of a deviation of the first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 and the respective second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 of the same application unit 614 from their reference position 06; 07; 08; 09; 11; 12; 13; 14 in the direction Y, preferably by the same amount, which preferably corresponds to a displacement in the transport direction T in the processing machine 01, the first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 and the respective second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 of the same application unit 614 preferably have a displacement with a distance ay from their respective reference position 06; 07; 08; 09; 11; 12; 13; 14.If the first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 and the second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 of an assigned application unit 614 are preferably shifted by the distance ay from the respective reference position 06; 07; 08; 09; 11; 12; 13; 14, for example, the start of printing for the individual print image elements differs from one another and additionally or alternatively, for example, the arrival time of the sheet 02, in particular the arrival time of the leading edge 03 of the sheet 02, differs from the arrival time of the printing form at the respective.

[0162] Processing point 621 of the respective application unit 614. Preferably, in order to change, in particular to minimize, the displacement in the Y direction with the distance ay of the at least one application unit 614, the arrival time of the sheet 02, in particular of the leading edge 03 of the sheet 02, is preferably synchronized and / or coordinated with the arrival time of the leading edge of the printing area of ​​the corresponding forme cylinder 616. Preferably, the corresponding forme cylinder 616 is accelerated and / or decelerated at least briefly by changing its rotational speed and / or position, while the non-printing area is at least partially arranged at the processing point 621, so that the leading edge of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616 arrives at the respective processing point 621 preferably at the same time as the leading edge 03 of the sheet 02.Preferably, the corresponding forme cylinder 616 is accelerated and / or decelerated at least briefly by changing its rotational speed and / or position to change the register in the Y direction, in particular in the circumferential direction of the forme cylinder 616, while the non-printing area is at least partially arranged at the processing point 621.

[0163] For example, in the case of a deviation of the first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 and the respective second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 of the same application unit 614 from their reference position 06; 07; 08; 09; 11; 12; 13; 14 in the direction X, which preferably corresponds to a displacement in the transverse direction A in the processing machine 01, the first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 and the respective second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 of the same application unit 614 preferably have a displacement in the direction X at a distance ax from their respective reference position 06; 07; 08; 09; 11; 12; 13; 14. Preferably, the first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 and the second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 of an associated application unit 614 is shifted by the distance ax to the respective reference position 06; 07; 08; 09; 11; 12; 13; 14, for example, the printing form and / or the forme cylinder 616 of the respective application unit 614 is shifted relative to the sheet 02 in the transverse direction A.Preferably, in order to change the displacement in the direction X with the distance ax of at least one application unit 614, in particular to minimize it, the forme cylinder 616 and / or the printing forme of the forme cylinder 616 of the application unit 614 in question is preferably shifted in the transverse direction A opposite to the direction in which the displacement occurs, preferably by the amount of the distance ax relative to the sheet 02. Preferably, in order to change the register in the direction X, the forme cylinder 616 and / or the printing forme of the forme cylinder 616 of the application unit 614 in question is preferably designed to be adjustable in the transverse direction A opposite to the direction in which the displacement occurs, preferably by the amount of the distance ax relative to the sheet 02.

[0164] The first reference position 06; 07; 08; 09 preferably has a reference length I1, in particular a reference length I1 designed as a reference section, relative to the second reference position 11; 12; 13; 14 of the same application unit 614. The first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 preferably has a printing length I2, in particular the printing length I2 designed as a printing section, relative to the second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 of the same application unit 614. For example, in the case of a deviation of the second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 of at least one application unit 614 from the assigned reference position 11; 12; 13; 14 in the direction Y, which preferably corresponds to a displacement in the transport direction T in the processing machine 01, and an at least partial coincidence of the first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 of the same application unit 614 and the reference position 06; 07; 08; 09 assigned to it, the print length I2 is different from the reference length I1.Preferably, if the printing length I2 deviates from the reference length I1, there is a change in the length with which the sheet 02 is printed by the one printing forme of the forme cylinder 616 in question. For example, this is the case if, as a result of at least one processing operation and / or the application of printing fluid in the transport direction T upstream of the application unit 614 in question, the sheet 02 has a length in the Y direction, in particular its length in the transport direction T within the processing machine 01, which differs from an original length of the sheet 02 before the at least one processing operation and / or before the application of printing fluid. For example, the length of the sheet 02 in the transport direction T along the transport path increases as a result of the at least one processing operation and / or the application of printing fluid.Preferably, in order to change the printing length I2 relative to the reference length I1, in particular to minimize a difference between the printing length I2 and the reference length I1, the forme cylinder 616 preferably has an at least partially changing speed, in particular a peripheral speed, as long as at least part of the printing region of its lateral surface is arranged at the processing point 621. Preferably, the rotational speed and / or the peripheral speed of the forme cylinder 616 is changed relative to the rotational speed and / or the peripheral speed of the impression cylinder 617 assigned to it. For example, the impression cylinder 617 has a higher peripheral speed than the forme cylinder 616.The change in the printing length I2 relative to the reference length I1 is preferably achieved by accelerating and / or braking the forme cylinder 616 by the individual drive of the forme cylinder 616, while the impression cylinder 617 is operated at a preferably constant peripheral speed. As a result, for example, the respective applied print image on the sheet 02 is stretched and / or compressed relative to the printing forme used for this purpose. For example, the print image on the sheet 02 is lengthened by a reduced peripheral speed of the forme cylinder 616 relative to the peripheral speed of the impression cylinder 617. Preferably, the register in the circumferential direction of the forme cylinder 616 with regard to the printing length I2 is adjustable by accelerating and / or braking the forme cylinder 616 by the individual drive of the forme cylinder 616, while the impression cylinder 617 is operated at a preferably constant peripheral speed.

[0165] Preferably, the first reference position 06; 07; 08; 09 has the reference path to the second reference position 11; 12; 13; 14 of the same application unit 614. Preferably, the first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 has the printing path to the second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 of the same application unit 614. Preferably, the printing path is parallel, preferably identical, to the reference path in an ideally produced sheet 02. For example, if the first register mark 16; 17; 18; 19 deviates from its reference position 06; 07; 08; 09 or if the second register mark 21; 22; 23; 24 deviates from its reference position 11; 12; 13; 14, the pressure path preferably has an angle w to the reference path, in particular a tilt angle w.For example, the longitudinal axis of the forme cylinder 616 and / or the printing forme of the forme cylinder 616 of the respective application unit 614 is tilted relative to the transverse direction A, preferably relative to the sheet 02, by the tilt angle w. Preferably, in order to change the tilt of the longitudinal axis of the forme cylinder 616 and / or the printing forme of the forme cylinder 616 of the respective application unit 614 relative to the transverse direction A, preferably relative to the sheet 02, the respective forme cylinder 616 and / or the printing forme of the respective forme cylinder 616 is tilted relative to the transverse direction A opposite to the tilt angle w, preferably with the same amount of the tilt angle w.Preferably, in order to change the register relating to an inclined position of the printing image element, the relevant forme cylinder 616 and / or the printing form of the relevant forme cylinder 616 is designed to be tiltable and / or adjustable relative to the transverse direction A opposite to the tilt angle w, preferably with the same amount of the tilt angle w.

[0166] In a second printing process of the processing machine 01, sheets 02, in particular a plurality of sheets 02, are processed by the at least one unit 600; 900 of the processing machine 01. While sheets 02 pass through the processing machine 01 along the transport path in the second printing process, the respective sheet travel sensor 622 preferably detects the respective sheet 02 and thus determines its arrival time at the position of the respective sheet travel sensor 622. Preferably, each sheet 02 that passes the position of the respective sheet travel sensor 622 is detected by the sheet travel sensor 622.Preferably independently of further measured values ​​of other sheets 02 by this sheet travel sensor 622, the forme cylinder 616 assigned to the sheet travel sensor 622 is preferably regulated and / or controlled according to the arrival time of the one respective sheet 02 at the position of the sheet travel sensor 622, preferably so that the leading edge 03 of the sheet 02 arrives at the processing point 621 of the respective application unit 600 at the same time as the leading edge of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616. Further preferably, the register control system 728 is used to adjust the speed of the cylinders of the application units 600. In particular, the register control system 728 is used to control and / or regulate the print length. For this purpose, the speed of the cylinders is preferably adjusted.

[0167] The inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the register control system 728, preferably detects the at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24, in particular the respective register marks 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24, of sheet 02 during the second printing process. The inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the register control system 728, preferably detects each sheet 02 passing it. In a preferred embodiment, the inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the register control system 728, determines the deviation of the at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 from its reference position 06; 07; 08; 09; 11; 12; 13; 14.From the determined deviations of at least two sheets 02, preferably of at least five sheets 02, more preferably of at least ten sheets 02, the inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the register control system 728, preferably forms in each case an average deviation of the one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 from its reference position 06; 07; 08; 09; 11; 12; 13; 14. Preferably, as soon as the amount of the average deviation exceeds a limit value, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 outputs a signal, in particular a warning signal and / or control signal and / or control signal.The inspection device 726; 728; 916 preferably regulates and / or controls the forme cylinder 616 assigned to the register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 by an at least brief change in the rotational speed and / or velocity, preferably at the mean deviation in the Y direction of the register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 from its reference position 06; 07; 08; 09; 11; 12; 13; 14 by an amount exceeding the limit value, so that the front edge of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616 arrives at the relevant processing point 621 preferably at the same time as the front edge 03 of the sheet 02.Preferably, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 regulates and / or controls a deflection of the sheet 02 in question from the actual transport path, for example, to an alternative transport path and / or outputs at least one signal as soon as the deviation of the at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 from its reference position 06; 07; 08; 09; 11; 12; 13; 14 exceeds the limit value.

[0168] In a preferred embodiment of the processing machine 01, in the printing process, in particular the second printing process, the arrival time of the individual sheet 02 at the processing point 621 of the application unit 600 and the arrival time of the leading edge of the printing area of ​​the forme cylinder 616 of this application unit 600 can each be adjusted and / or is set by the signal of the sheet travel sensor 622 assigned to the application unit 600 for regulating and / or controlling the forme cylinder 616. Preferably, in the printing operating state, in particular the second printing process, the register in the Y direction, preferably the register in the circumferential direction of the forme cylinder 616, is designed to be adjustable and / or is set by the signal of the sheet sensor 622 assigned to the application unit 600, in particular the sheet travel sensor 622, for regulating and / or controlling the forme cylinder 616.Preferably, the regulation and / or control by the at least one signal of the inspection device 726; 728; 916 is designed to correct the average deviation of the register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 from its reference position 06; 07; 08; 09; 11; 12; 13; 14 that exceeds the limit value. Preferably, the at least one signal of the inspection device 726; 728; 916 is followed by manual and / or mechanical regulation and / or control of the register in the circumferential direction in the event of an average deviation of the register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 from its reference position 06; 07; 08; 09; 11; 12; 13; 14 that exceeds the limit value.

[0169] Preferably, the regulation and / or control based on the sheet travel sensor 622 predominates over the regulation and / or control based on the inspection device 726; 728; 916 for changing the register in the Y direction, preferably the change of the register in the circumferential direction of the forme cylinder 616, in the second printing process.

[0170] Preferably additionally or alternatively, the processing machine 01 is designed such that the printing length I2 is changed and / or is designed to be changeable by changing the peripheral speed and / or rotational speed of the forme cylinder 616 relative to the peripheral speed and / or rotational speed of the impression cylinder 617 assigned to the respective forme cylinder 616. Preferably additionally or alternatively, the processing machine 01 is designed such that the dimension of the printing length I2 detected by the at least one inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the deviation of the printing length I2 relative to the reference length I1, is changed and / or is designed to be changeable by changing the peripheral speed and / or rotational speed of the forme cylinder 616 relative to the peripheral speed and / or rotational speed of the impression cylinder 617 assigned to the respective forme cylinder 616.

[0171] Additionally or alternatively, the processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the processing machine 01 has the shaping device 900 with the forme cylinder 901 with a single drive and the processing station 910 assigned to the forme cylinder 901. Preferably, the forme cylinder 901 of the shaping device 900 is driven mechanically independently of each other cylinder and / or roller of the shaping device 900 and / or the processing machine 01.

[0172] Preferably, additionally or alternatively, at least one further sheet sensor 922 is arranged along the transport path of sheet 02 upstream of the processing station 910 of the forming device 900. In one embodiment, the sheet sensor 922 is designed to regulate and / or control the position and / or rotational speed of the forme cylinder 901 of the forming device 900.

[0173] Preferably additionally or alternatively, the at least one inspection device 726; 728; 916 is arranged along the transport path of sheet 02 after the forme cylinder 901 of the forming device 900, or the at least one further inspection device 916 is additionally arranged along the transport path of sheet 02 after the forme cylinder 901 of the forming device 900 for an at least partial inspection of sheet 02, preferably for an at least partial inspection of at least one remaining part of the at least one sheet 02 with at least one blank 1101 that has been processed by the forming device 900.Preferably, along the transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02, the at least one inspection device 916 designed at least as a punching control system 916 is arranged for an at least partial inspection of sheet 02, preferably for an at least partial inspection of at least one remaining part of the at least one sheet 02 processed by the shaping device 900 with at least one blank 1101, preferably at least two blanks 1101.

[0174] Preferably, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 configured as a punch control system 916 is configured to at least partially inspect the contour of at least one remaining piece removed on the transport path upstream of the punch control system 916 on the remaining sheet 02, in particular on the at least one blank 1101 and / or the at least one sheet opening 1102. The contour of the remaining sheet 02 preferably results on the transport path downstream of the separation device 903, or, for example, after the sheet 02 has passed through the sheet processing machine 01, as a result of the removal of the at least one remaining piece from the respective sheet 02.

[0175] Preferably, the sheet processing machine 01 with a shaping device 900 for processing sheets 02 preferably comprises the at least one separation device 903 and the at least one delivery 1000, wherein the separation device 903 is designed to remove at least one remaining piece from the at least one sheet 02. Preferably, in the transport direction T of the sheets 02, downstream of the at least one separation device 903, the at least one punching control system 916 is arranged for the at least partial inspection of at least one remaining part of the at least one sheet 02 with the at least one blank 1101 that has been processed by the shaping device 900.

[0176] The respective sheet 02 preferably has at least one blank 1101 with at least one printed image and at least one sheet opening 1102. The respective sheet 02 preferably has at least one blank 1101 and at least one sheet opening 1102, wherein the respective sheet 02 is formed from paper or cardboard. The punch control system 916 is preferably designed to at least partially detect the at least one sheet opening 1102. The punch control system 916, preferably the evaluation means, is preferably designed to compare at least the at least one sheet opening 1102 with a reference of the at least one sheet opening 1102.

[0177] The reference of the at least one sheet opening 1102 preferably contains at least some of the information, preferably all of the information, which is necessary for a clear determination of a required target state of the respective sheet opening 1102. The reference of the at least one sheet opening 1102 is preferably designed as a digital and / or learned reference. The digital reference is preferably designed as a digital image template. The digital reference preferably has a PDF, TIF, or JPG file format. The learned reference is preferably a sheet 02 which is designed as a sample sheet and has at least one sheet opening 1102 which corresponds to the sheet opening 1102 to be inspected, and / or is detected, for example, by the punching control system 916 and / or is stored in the evaluation means as a basis for comparison.

[0178] The inspection device 916 embodied as a punch control system 916 preferably comprises at least one image capture device, preferably at least one optical image capture device. The at least one image capture device is preferably embodied as a camera, more preferably as a color camera, more preferably as a line scan camera, more preferably as a CMOS sensor and / or CCD sensor. For example, in addition to the at least one image capture device, the punch control system 916 comprises at least one light source, for example at least one LED light source. The punch control system 916 preferably comprises at least one optical system, which is preferably arranged between the at least one image capture device and the transport path provided for transporting sheets 02.Preferably, the punch control system 916, in particular the at least one image capture device, is designed to capture at least part of the working width, more preferably the entire working width, of the sheet processing machine 01. For example, one image capture device captures only part of the working width; in this case, the punch control system 916 preferably comprises at least two image capture devices, each of which is designed to capture at least partially different areas of the working width. Preferably, the at least two image capture devices of the punch control system 916, if present, are arranged next to one another in the transport direction T and / or one behind the other in the transverse direction A.

[0179] In a preferred embodiment, the punching control system 916 is arranged in the transport direction T directly downstream of the separation device 903. Preferably, the punching control system 916 is arranged in the transport direction T directly downstream of the separation device 903 without any possible further processing device in between and / or without any possible further processing stage, such as gluing a blank 1101 and / or separating individual blanks 1101 from one another, in between. Further preferably, the punching control system 916 is arranged upstream of any possible further processing device, for example a gluing device and / or a blank separating device, for possible further processing of the at least one sheet 02 directly downstream of the separation device 903. Preferably, the punching control system 916 is arranged in the transport direction T upstream of the delivery 1000 and downstream of the separation device 903.

[0180] Additionally or alternatively, the sheet processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the punching control system 916 is preferably arranged orthogonally to the transport path of the at least one sheet 02 provided for the transport of sheets 02 and is directed towards the transport path of the at least one sheet 02. The punching control system 916 is preferably arranged orthogonally to the transport plane of the at least one sheet 02 and directed towards the transport plane of the at least one sheet 02. In the foregoing and in the following, the transport plane preferably designates a plane of the transport path spanned by the transport direction T and the transverse direction A, in particular at the position along the transport path to which reference is made. The punching control system 916 is preferably arranged outside the transport path and directed towards the transport path and / or the transport plane.Preferably, the punch control system 916 is directed perpendicularly to the transport path and / or the transport plane. Preferably, the punch control system 916 is arranged upstream and / or downstream of the transport path in the vertical direction V. Preferably, the punch control system 916 is configured to inspect the sheet 02 from the side of the main surface of the sheet 02, on which the at least one printed image is applied to the sheet 02.

[0181] For example, when sheet 02 is guided horizontally, the punch control system 916 is preferably arranged above the transport path and / or the transport plane, in particular downstream of the transport path and / or the transport plane in the vertical direction V. Thus, the punch control system 916 can inspect sheet 02 from above. When sheet 02 is guided horizontally, the at least one printed image is preferably arranged facing upwards on the main surface of sheet 02. Thus, the inspection device 916 embodied as a punch control system 916 is also designed in this embodiment to detect the at least one printed image of sheet 02.

[0182] Preferably, when sheet 02 is guided in a suspended manner, the punching control system 916 is preferably arranged below the transport path and / or the transport plane, in particular in the vertical direction V upstream of the transport path and / or upstream of the transport plane. Thus, the punching control system 916 is preferably designed to inspect sheet 02 from below. When sheet 02 is guided in a suspended manner, the at least one printed image is preferably arranged facing downwards on the main surface of sheet 02. Thus, at least in this embodiment, the punching control system 916 is preferably additionally or alternatively designed to inspect the at least one printed image of sheet 02 from below, preferably inspecting it in the vertical direction V from upstream of the transport path and / or from upstream of the transport plane.

[0183] Additionally or alternatively, the punching control system 916 is preferably designed to inspect the at least one remaining part of the at least one sheet 02 that has been processed by the shaping device 900 during at least one shaping process of at least one further sheet 02. Thus, the punching control system 916 is preferably designed to detect each sheet 02, preferably each sheet 02 individually, that passes the punching control system 916 on the transport path in the transport direction T. For example, further sheets 02 are already being processed in at least one shaping process of the at least one shaping device 900 and / or are passing through at least one unit 100; 300; 600; 700; 900 of the sheet processing machine 01 arranged upstream of the inspection device 916 in the transport direction T, while a sheet 02 is being detected by the punching control system 916.

[0184] In a preferred embodiment, the punching control system 916, in particular the image capture device of the punching control system 916, is designed to at least partially capture at least one sheet opening 1102, for example at least one sheet gap 1102, of the at least one sheet 02 and / or at least one inner contour of the at least one sheet 02, preferably defined by at least one sheet opening 1102, and / or at least one outer contour of the at least one sheet 02, preferably defined by at least one outer edge of the respective sheet 02. Alternatively, the punching control system 916, in particular the image capture device of the punching control system 916, is preferably designed to at least partially capture the at least one blank 1101 and / or the contour, in particular the outline, of the respective blank 1101.In the foregoing and in the following, the contour of a sheet 02 preferably describes the shape of the respective sheet 02, in particular an outer and / or inner outline of the at least one blank 1101 of the respective sheet 02. The outer contour of the sheet 02 is preferably defined by at least one outer edge of the sheet 02, in particular by at least one outer edge of the at least one blank 1101. The inner contour of the sheet 02 is preferably defined by at least one sheet opening 1102 and / or sheet gap 1102, preferably within the outer contour of the respective sheet 02, more preferably within the main surface in the region of the at least one blank 1101 of the respective sheet 02. The punching control system 916, in particular the image capture device of the inspection device 916, is preferably designed to at least partially capture the main surface of sheet 02.Preferably, the punching control system 916, in particular the image capture device of the inspection device 916, is designed to at least partially capture the area of ​​the at least one remaining piece and / or the at least one sheet opening 1102 of sheet 02.

[0185] Preferably, the inner contour of the at least one sheet 02 corresponds to a contour of the at least one remaining piece of the respective sheet 02, in particular after the removal of the at least one remaining piece from the respective sheet 02.

[0186] Preferably, the punching control system 916, in particular the evaluation means, is designed to determine a measure of a deviation of the at least one sheet opening 1102 and / or the at least one inner contour and / or the at least one outer contour of the sheet 02 from the target state of the respective sheet 02.

[0187] For example, if a sheet opening 1102 has at least a remaining portion of the at least one remaining piece, the actual state of the respective sheet 02 deviates from the target state of the respective sheet 02. If the remaining portion of the remaining piece has, for example, an area of ​​less than 25 mm 2 (twenty-five square millimeters), preferably less than 20 mm 2 (twenty square millimeters), more preferably less than 15 mm 2 (fifteen square millimeters), the degree of deviation is preferably within the tolerance of the target state of the respective sheet 02, and the at least one good signal is output. For example, if the at least one remaining portion of the remaining piece has an area of ​​at least 25 mm 2 (twenty-five square millimeters), preferably at least 30 mm 2 (thirty square millimeters), more preferably 35 mm 2 (thirty-five square millimeters), the at least one bad signal is preferably output.

[0188] Additionally or alternatively, in particular the inspection device 916 designed as a punching control system 916 is preferably designed at least to evaluate the at least one register of the at least one printed image of the at least one sheet 02 and / or at least to compare the at least one printed image of the at least one sheet 02 with the at least one sheet opening 1102 and / or the at least one inner contour and / or the at least one outer contour of the respective sheet 02. The inspection device 726; 728; 916 is preferably designed to evaluate the at least one register of the at least one printed image of the at least one sheet 02 and / or at least to compare the at least one printed image of the at least one sheet 02 with the at least one sheet opening 1102 and / or the at least one inner contour and / or the at least one outer contour of the respective sheet 02.

[0189] The inspection device 726; 728; 916 is preferably designed to at least partially detect and / or evaluate the at least one print image on sheet 02, which was applied by the at least one applicator unit 614. The inspection device 726; 728; 916 is preferably designed to detect the at least one print image of the respective sheet 02 as at least one information component of the actual state of the respective sheet 02 and to compare this actual state, preferably with the target state of the sheet 02, for example by means of the evaluation means. Alternatively or additionally, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 is preferably designed to at least partially detect the at least one print image and to at least partially detect the at least one sheet opening 1102 and / or the at least one inner contour and / or the at least one outer contour of sheet 02.Preferably, the inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the evaluation means, is designed to compare at least one printed image of the sheet 02 with at least the contour of the respective sheet 02, for example by comparing the actual state with the desired state of the respective sheet 02.

[0190] Additionally or alternatively, the processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the punching control system 916 is designed to determine a measure of tool wear of the at least one tool of the at least one forming device 900. The forming device 900, in particular the forming unit 914 and / or the forme cylinder 901, preferably has the at least one tool, preferably at least one cutting tool and / or at least one creasing tool and / or at least one perforating tool and / or at least one embossing tool and / or at least one punching tool, for processing sheets 02. Due to the processing of sheets 02, the tool is designed to be subject to wear.The punching control system 916 is preferably designed to determine the degree of wear of the at least one tool of the shaping device 900, in particular of the shaping unit 914, preferably of the forme cylinder 901, by detecting sheets 02, in particular by inspecting the at least one remaining part of the at least one sheet 02 processed by the shaping device 900 with at least one blank 1101, and / or preferably by comparing the actual state of the respective sheet 02 with the desired state of the respective sheet 02. For example, due to the direct contact of the tool of the shaping device 900, in particular of the shaping unit 914, preferably of the forme cylinder 901, with the impression cylinder 902 and / or the sheet 02, at least one external force acts on the tool and causes, for example, wear of the tool and / or impression cylinder 902.

[0191] Additionally or alternatively, the processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the punching control system 916 is designed to determine a measure of wear on at least one surface of the at least one impression cylinder 902 of the at least one shaping device 900. Preferably, the at least one impression cylinder 902, for example in the case of a rotary punching device 900, has a surface that is preferably in direct contact with the tool of the shaping device 900, in particular the tool of the forme cylinder 901. For example, due to the direct contact between the surface of the impression cylinder 902 and the tool of the shaping device 900, preferably the forme cylinder 901, at least one external force acts on the surface of the impression cylinder 902 and causes, for example, wear on the impression cylinder 902 and / or the respective tool.

[0192] Preferably, the inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the evaluation means, is designed to store and evaluate data about the respective transported sheets 02 and preferably to create at least one report about the quality of the sheets 02. The report preferably comprises at least the total number of processed sheets 02 within at least one time unit and / or a common job and / or the number and / or percentage of processed sheets 02 that were each directed to the delivery stack carrier 48 and / or each to the rejection delivery 51. Additionally or alternatively, the report preferably comprises a total number of blanks 1101 and / or the number and / or percentage of blanks 1101 that were each directed to the delivery stack carrier 48 and / or each to the rejection delivery 51.Preferably, the report additionally or alternatively includes at least one piece of information about the respective reason for the diversion of the relevant sheets 02 and / or blanks 1101 to the diversion delivery 51. The reason for the diversion to the diversion delivery 51 is, for example, the measure of the deviation of the at least one sheet opening 1102 and / or inner contour and / or outer contour of the respective sheet 02 from the target state of the relevant sheet 02, additionally or alternatively the evaluation of the at least one register of the at least one printed image of the relevant sheet 02 and / or the comparison of the at least one printed image with at least one sheet opening 1102 and / or inner contour and / or outer contour of the relevant sheet 02. Additionally or alternatively, the report includes, for example, at least one piece of information about the degree of tool wear of the at least one tool of the shaping device 900.Additionally or alternatively, the report preferably comprises the measure for the position of the at least one blank 1101 relative to a reference of the position of the at least one blank 1101 and additionally or alternatively the measure for the color of the at least one printed image of the respective sheet 02 and / or blank 1101 and additionally or alternatively the measure for at least one error in the at least one processing of the respective sheet 02 and / or blank 1101 and / or the at least one printed image of the respective sheet 02 and / or blank 1101. For example, the report comprises further information which is preferably detected and / or can be detected by the at least one inspection device 726; 728; 916 or also by further components of the sheet processing machine 01.For example, it is thus possible to precisely adjust and preferably guarantee a desired and / or required quality of the sheets 02 preferably processed by the forming machine 900, for example in the delivery stack of the delivery 1000.

[0193] Additionally or alternatively, the processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the inspection device 726; 728; 916 is preferably designed to determine, from the comparison of the actual state of the at least one sheet 02 with the target state of the respective sheet 02, a measure for a position of the at least one blank 1101 relative to a reference of the position of the at least one blank 1101 and additionally or alternatively a measure for the color of at least one printed image of the respective sheet 02 and additionally or alternatively a measure for at least one error in processing the respective sheet 02 and / or a printed image of the respective sheet 02 due to missing parts and / or additional parts.

[0194] Additionally or alternatively, the sheet processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the inspection device 726; 728; 916 comprises the evaluation means or is connected to the evaluation means and in that the change in the transport path of a respective sheet 02, in particular the sheet switch 49, is regulated and / or controlled and / or designed to be controllable and / or controllable based on at least one respective signal from the at least one evaluation means. The change in the transport path, in particular the sheet switch 49, is preferably regulated and / or controlled and / or designed to be controllable and / or controllable depending on the evaluation of the detected sheet 02 by the evaluation means, preferably by the evaluation means of the inspection device 726; 728; 916.For example, the respective signal from the respective evaluation means, in particular from the evaluation means of the inspection device 726; 728; 916, can be transmitted to a control unit and / or regulating unit of the curved switch 49, which causes and / or is designed to cause a regulation of the curved switch 49 and / or a change in the transport path.

[0195] Additionally or alternatively, the sheet processing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the transport path between the inspection device 916, designed as a punch control system 916, and the position of the change in the transport path of the respective sheet 02, in particular the sheet switch 49, is at least 30 cm (thirty centimeters), preferably at least 40 cm (forty centimeters), more preferably at least 50 cm (fifty centimeters). The transport path between the inspection device 916 and the sheet switch 49 preferably has a length which the respective transported sheet 02, depending on the speed of the transported sheets 02, preferably in at least 50 ms (fifty milliseconds), preferably in at least 80 ms (eighty milliseconds), more preferably in at least 100 ms (one hundred milliseconds), can cover.Preferably, the transport path between the inspection device 916 and the sheet switch 49 has a length which the respective transported sheet 02 is designed to cover, depending on the speed of the transported sheets 02, preferably in a maximum of 1000 ms (one thousand milliseconds), preferably in a maximum of 800 ms (eight hundred milliseconds), more preferably in a maximum of 300 ms (three hundred milliseconds).

[0196] The respective sheet 02 preferably comprises at least one blank 1101, preferably at least two blanks 1101. The blank 1101 preferably has at least one printed image in each case. The respective sheet 02 is preferably processed with the at least one application unit 600 and / or in the at least one shaping device 900. Respective sheets 02 are preferably processed in at least one respective processing operation by means of at least one device of the sheet processing machine 01, for example provided with at least one application fluid and / or mechanically processed and / or changed in terms of their shape and / or punched. The sheets 02 are preferably transported at a processing speed during their respective processing operation, in particular along the transport path provided for the transport of sheets 02.Preferably, in the transport direction T of the sheet 02, at least one residual piece is removed from the respective sheet 02 after the shaping device 900, preferably the punching device 900 and / or rotary punching device 900. Preferably, the at least one residual piece is already removed from the respective sheet 02 during the at least one processing operation and / or during the transport of the respective sheet 02 along the transport path, preferably along the transport path between the at least one shaping device 900 and the at least one separation device 903, and / or by the at least one separation device 903. Preferably, the separation device 903 is designed to remove the at least one residual piece. More preferably, the separation device 903 is designed to completely remove the at least one residual piece from the respective sheet 02.

[0197] Preferably, the at least one inspection device 726; 728; 916 determines the actual state of the respective sheet 02. Preferably, in the transport direction T, downstream of the last application unit 614, the print image control system 726 and / or the register control system 728 determines the actual state of the respective sheet 02. Preferably, in the transport direction T, downstream of the separation device 903, the punching control system 916 determines the actual state of the respective sheet 02. Preferably, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 determines the actual state of the respective sheet 02, which is preferably the state of the sheet 02, in particular with regard to the print image and / or conformity of the register and / or shape and / or mass and / or contour, which the respective sheet 02 has at the time of detection by the inspection device 726; 728; 916.

[0198] Preferably, the actual state of the respective sheet 02 is compared with the target state of the respective sheet 02. Preferably, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 and / or the evaluation means compares the actual state of the respective sheet 02 with the target state of the respective sheet 02. More preferably, the evaluation means of the inspection device 726; 728; 916 compares the actual state of the respective sheet 02 with the target state of the respective sheet 02. Preferably, the actual state of the respective sheet 02 is compared with the target state of the respective sheet 02, wherein the target state of the respective sheet 02 is preferably the state of the sheet 02, in particular with regard to the print image and / or conformity of the register and / or shape and / or mass and / or contour which an ideally manufactured sheet 02, in particular at the time of detection by the inspection device 726; 728; 916, should have and / or has.

[0199] Additionally or alternatively, the method is preferably characterized in that the punching control system 916 preferably at least partially detects the at least one sheet opening 1102 of the at least one sheet 02 and / or the at least one inner contour of the at least one sheet 02, preferably defined by at least one sheet opening 1102, and / or the at least one outer contour of the at least one sheet 02, preferably defined by at least one outer edge of the respective sheet 02. Preferably, the punching control system 916 detects the shape of the sheet 02 and / or of the at least one blank 1101, preferably at least the inner and / or outer outline of the at least one blank 1101 of the respective sheet 02. Preferably, the punching control system 916 detects the at least one outer edge of the sheet 02 and additionally or alternatively the at least one sheet opening 1102 of the respective sheet 02.Preferably, the punching control system 916 detects at least the area of ​​the at least one remaining piece and / or at least the area of ​​the at least one sheet opening 1102. Preferably, the inner contour of the at least one sheet 02 corresponds to the contour of the at least one remaining piece of the respective sheet 02, which was preferably removed from the respective sheet 02.

[0200] Alternatively or additionally, the method is preferably characterized in that the measure of the deviation of the at least one sheet opening 1102 and / or the at least one inner contour and / or the at least one outer contour of the sheet 02 from the target state of the respective sheet 02 is determined from the comparison of the actual state of the at least one sheet 02 with the target state of the respective sheet 02. Depending on the result of the determined measure of the deviation of the at least one sheet opening 1102 and / or the at least one inner contour and / or the at least one outer contour of the sheet 02 from the target state of the respective sheet 02, the inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the evaluation means, preferably outputs the at least one signal, for example the optical signal and / or the control signal and / or the regulation signal.If the measure of the deviation lies within the tolerance range of the target state of the respective sheet 02, the inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the evaluation means, preferably outputs at least one good signal. If the measure of the deviation lies outside the tolerance range of the target state of the respective sheet 02, the inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the evaluation means, preferably outputs at least one bad signal. For example, in addition to or alternatively to the at least one bad signal, the inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the evaluation means, preferably outputs at least one signal for regulating and / or controlling the sheet switch 49.

[0201] For example, in the case of an area of ​​less than 25 mm 2< (twenty-five square millimeters), preferably less than 20 mm 2< (twenty square millimeters), more preferably less than 15 mm 2< (fifteen square millimeters), of the at least one remaining residual piece, in the event that at least a part of the at least one residual piece has remained in the respective sheet 02 in the transport direction T after the separation device 903, the measure of the deviation is preferably within the tolerance of the target state of the respective sheet 02 and, for example, the at least one good signal is output.For example, in the case of an area of ​​at least 25 mm 2< (twenty-five square millimeters), preferably at least 30 mm 2< (thirty square millimeters), more preferably 35 mm 2< (thirty-five square millimeters), of the at least one remaining part of the remaining piece, preferably the at least one bad signal is output and additionally or alternatively the at least one signal for regulating and / or controlling the curved switch 49 is output.

[0202] Additionally or alternatively, the method is preferably characterized in that the target state of the sheet 02 in question is determined on the basis of the digital and / or learned reference.

[0203] Additionally or alternatively, the method is preferably characterized in that, in the transport direction T, downstream of the inspection device 916 configured as the punching control system 916 and upstream of the delivery 1000, a change in the transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02 in question, in particular the sheet switch 49, is controlled and / or regulated as a function of the comparison of the actual state of the respective sheet 02 with the target state of the respective sheet 02. Preferably, the change in a transport path provided for the transport of sheet 02, in particular the sheet switch 49, is controlled and / or regulated as a function of the comparison of the at least one sheet opening 1102 with the reference of the at least one sheet opening 1102 and / or as a function of the comparison of the actual state of the respective sheet 02 with the target state of the respective sheet 02.Preferably, the sheet 02 in question is left on the intended transport path or is diverted from the intended transport path to an alternative transport path depending on the comparison of the actual state of the sheet 02 in question with the target state of the sheet 02 in question.

[0204] To control and / or regulate the change in the transport path, in particular of the sheet switch 49, the inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the evaluation means, preferably outputs the at least one signal. The inspection device 726; 728; 916 preferably comprises the evaluation means or is connected to the evaluation means, and the change in the transport path, in particular of the sheet switch 49, is preferably regulated and / or controlled based on the at least one signal from the evaluation means. The inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the evaluation means, preferably outputs the at least one signal to control and / or regulate the change in the transport path, in particular of the sheet switch 49, in particular when the measure of the deviation lies outside the tolerance range of the target state of the sheet 02 in question.Preferably, the inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the evaluation means, outputs the at least one signal for controlling and / or regulating the change in the transport path, in particular of the sheet switch 49, regardless of whether the measure of the deviation lies outside the tolerance range of the target state of the sheet 02 in question. This means that the inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the evaluation means, preferably outputs the at least one signal for controlling and / or regulating the change in the transport path, in particular of the sheet switch 49, during and / or after the inspection of the sheet 02 in question, for example in addition to or alternatively to the at least one good signal or the at least one bad signal.

[0205] Additionally or alternatively, the method is preferably characterized in that the inspection device 726; 728; 916 comprises the evaluation means or is connected to the evaluation means and that the change in the transport path of the respective sheet 02, in particular of the sheet switch 49, is regulated and / or controlled based on the at least one signal of the evaluation means.

[0206] Additionally or alternatively, the method is preferably characterized in that the reaction time from the start of the determination of the actual state of the respective sheet 02 to the regulation and / or control of the change in the transport path for the deflection of the respective sheet 02, in particular of the sheet switch 49, is at least 50 ms (fifty milliseconds), preferably at least 80 ms (eighty milliseconds), more preferably at least 100 ms (one hundred milliseconds). Preferably, the determination of the actual state of the respective sheet 02 begins at the leading beginning in the transport direction T, more preferably in the transport direction T of a leading edge 03, of the respective sheet 02 and / or preferably as soon as the leading edge 03 in the transport direction T of the respective sheet 02 reaches the area of ​​the transport path in the transport direction T detected by the inspection device 726; 728; 916.Preferably, the sheet 02 in question, in particular the leading edge of the sheet 02 in question in the transport direction T, travels the transport path between the inspection device 726; 728; 916 and the position for changing the transport path, in particular the sheet switch 49, depending on the speed of the transported sheets 02, preferably in at least 50 ms (fifty milliseconds), preferably in at least 80 ms (eighty milliseconds), more preferably in at least 100 ms (one hundred milliseconds). Preferably, the sheet 02 in question, in particular the leading edge of the sheet 02 in question in the transport direction T, preferably the leading edge 03 of the sheet 02 in question in the transport direction T, travels the transport path between the inspection device 916 and the position for changing the transport path, in particular the sheet switch 49, depending on the speed of the transported sheets 02, preferably in at most 1.000 ms (one thousand milliseconds), preferably in no more than 800 ms (eight hundred milliseconds), more preferably in no more than 300 ms (three hundred milliseconds).

[0207] Additionally or alternatively, the method is preferably characterized in that the inspection device 726; 728; 916 is arranged orthogonally to the transport path of the at least one sheet 02 provided for the transport of sheet 02 and is directed toward the transport path of the at least one sheet 02. The inspection device 726; 728; 916 preferably detects at least a portion of the transport path and / or the transport plane toward which it is directed. The inspection device 726; 728; 916 is preferably directed perpendicularly to the transport path and / or the transport plane and preferably detects at least a portion of the transport path perpendicularly.

[0208] Additionally or alternatively, the method is preferably characterized in that the at least one print image, in particular the at least one print image of the respective blank 1101, is applied to the at least one sheet 02 by the at least one applicator unit 614 of the sheet processing machine 01 in the transport direction T upstream of the shaping device 900. For example, the at least one print image is applied to the relevant sheet 02 by at least one applicator unit 614. For example, the sheet processing machine 01 comprises at least two applicators 614, whereby, for example, two print images and / or print image elements that differ from one another in at least one property, for example the application fluid used and / or the position of the print images on the sheet 02, are applied and / or can be applied to the relevant sheet 02.

[0209] Additionally or alternatively, the method is preferably characterized in that the inspection device 726; 728; 916 comprises the evaluation means or is connected to the evaluation means and in that the inspection device 726; 728; 916 and / or the evaluation means detects and / or evaluates the at least one register of the at least one printed image. Preferably, the method is preferably characterized in that the inspection device 726; 728; 916 comprises the evaluation means or is connected to the evaluation means and in that the inspection device 726; 728; 916 and / or the evaluation means evaluates the at least one register of the at least one printed image of the at least one sheet 02 and / or compares the at least one printed image of the at least one sheet 02 with the at least one sheet opening 1102 and / or the at least one inner contour and / or the at least one outer contour of the respective sheet 02.Preferably, the inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the evaluation means, compares the actual state with the target state of the relevant sheet 02, wherein to determine the actual state of the relevant sheet 02, preferably the at least one print image of the relevant sheet 02, in particular of the respective blank 1101, and / or the at least one sheet opening 1102 and / or the at least one inner contour and / or the at least one outer contour of the relevant sheet 02 is determined.

[0210] Additionally or alternatively, the method is preferably characterized in that the inspection device 726; 728; 916 comprises the evaluation means or is connected to the evaluation means and that the inspection device 916, which is designed in particular as a punching control system 916, and / or the evaluation means detects and / or evaluates the position of the at least one blank 1101 relative to the reference of the position of the at least one blank 1101. Preferably, at least one further blank 1101 and / or the at least one register mark 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 22; 23; 24 on the respective sheet 02 and / or at least one edge 03; 04 of the sheet 02 and / or at least one boundary of the respective sheet 02, in particular the outer contour of the respective sheet 02, is designed as the reference of the position of the respective blank 1101.

[0211] Additionally or alternatively, the method is preferably characterized in that the inspection device 726; 728; 916 comprises the evaluation means or is connected to the evaluation means, and in that the inspection device 726; 728; 916 and / or the evaluation means detects and / or evaluates the at least one color of the at least one print image. The respective color of the print image is preferably determined by the at least one application fluid preferably used to generate the print image and / or preferably corresponds to the application fluid preferably dried on the sheet 02 used to generate the respective print image.

[0212] Additionally or alternatively, the method is preferably characterized in that the inspection device 726; 728; 916 comprises the evaluation means or is connected to the evaluation means and that the inspection device 726; 728; 916 and / or the evaluation means detects and / or evaluates at least one processing error of the respective sheet 02 and / or at least one error in the at least one print image due to missing parts and / or additional parts. For example, an error in the processing of the respective sheet 02 is a defect in the material of the respective sheet 02. For example, an error in the at least one print image is, for example, an additional application to the sheet 02, for example a grease stain or additionally applied application fluid.

[0213] Additionally or alternatively, the method is preferably characterized in that the measure of tool wear of the at least one tool of the at least one forming device 900, in particular of the forming unit 914, preferably of the forme cylinder 901, of the sheet processing machine 01 is determined from the comparison of the actual state of the at least one sheet 02 with the target state of the respective sheet 02. Preferably, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 comprises the evaluation means or is connected to the evaluation means, and preferably, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 and / or the evaluation means determines the measure of tool wear of the at least one tool of the at least one forming device 900 of the sheet processing machine 01 for processing the respective sheet 02 before the inspection of the respective sheet 02 with the inspection device 726; 728; 916.

[0214] Additionally or alternatively, the method is preferably characterized in that the measure of the wear of the at least one surface of the at least one impression cylinder 902 of the at least one forming device 900 of the sheet processing machine 01 is determined from the comparison of the actual state of the at least one sheet 02 with the target state of the respective sheet 02.

[0215] Additionally or alternatively, the method is preferably characterized in that the at least one sheet 02 is transported hanging in the transport direction T and in that the inspection device 726; 728; 916 is arranged below the transport path of the at least one sheet 02 provided for the transport of sheet 02 and is directed towards the transport path. The inspection device 726; 728; 916 preferably inspects the sheet 02 from the side of the main surface of the sheet 02 on which the at least one print image is applied to the sheet 02. Preferably, when guiding sheet 02 in a hanging manner, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 is preferably arranged below the transport path and / or the transport plane, preferably in front of the transport path and / or the transport plane in the vertical direction V, and is directed towards the transport path and / or the transport plane. The inspection device 726; 728; 916 thus inspects 916 the sheet 02 preferably from below.Thus, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 preferably detects at least a portion of the transport path and / or at least a portion of the transport plane and thus at least a portion of the at least one sheet 02 passing the inspection device 726; 728; 916 on the transport path in the transport direction T, from below, at that position of the transport path and / or the transport plane toward which the inspection device 726; 728; 916 is directed. Preferably, the at least one printed image is applied to the sheet 02 from below, i.e. in the vertical direction V in front of the sheet 02. Thus, at least in this embodiment, the inspection device 726; 728; 916 preferably additionally or alternatively inspects the at least one printed image of the sheet 02 from below, preferably in the vertical direction V from in front of the transport path and / or from in front of the transport plane.

[0216] Additionally or alternatively, the method is preferably characterized in that the measurement for the position of the at least one blank 1101 relative to a reference of the position of the at least one blank 1101 and additionally or alternatively the measurement for the color of at least one print image of the respective sheet 02 and additionally or alternatively the measurement for at least one error in processing the respective sheet 02 and / or the at least one print image of the respective sheet 02 due to missing parts and / or additional parts is determined from the comparison of the actual state of the at least one sheet 02 with the target state of the respective sheet 02.

[0217] The respective sheet 02 preferably has the at least one blank 1101 with the at least one printed image and the at least one sheet opening 1102, for example the at least one sheet gap 1102. The inspection device 726; 728; 916 preferably detects the at least one sheet opening 1102 at least partially. The inspection device 726; 728; 916, in particular the evaluation means, preferably compares at least the at least one sheet opening 1102 with the reference of the at least one sheet opening 1102.

[0218] The respective sheet 02 preferably has the at least one blank 1101 and at least one sheet opening 1102. The respective sheet 02 is preferably made of paper or cardboard. The inspection device 726; 728; 916 preferably detects the at least one sheet opening 1102 at least partially.

[0219] Preferably, the at least one sheet opening 1102 corresponds to at least a portion of a residual piece removed from the respective sheet 02. Additionally or alternatively, the sheet opening 1102 was preferably created by removing at least a portion of the at least one residual piece from the respective sheet 02.

[0220] Additionally or alternatively, the method is preferably characterized in that the inspection device 726; 728; 916 at least partially detects the at least one contour and / or the at least one shape and / or the at least one mass and / or the at least one area of ​​the at least one sheet opening 1102.

[0221] Additionally or alternatively, the method is preferably characterized in that the contour and / or shape and / or mass and / or area of ​​the at least one sheet opening 1102 corresponds to the contour and / or shape and / or mass and / or area of ​​the at least one remaining piece removed from the respective sheet 02.

[0222] Preferably, the reference of the at least one sheet opening 1102 and / or the target state of the respective sheet 02 is determined and / or determinable based on the digital reference and / or the learned reference. Preferably, the reference of the respective sheet 02 comprises the reference of the at least one sheet opening 1102 of the respective sheet 02.

[0223] Preferably, the inspection of the sheet 02 is carried out with regard to the processing of the respective sheet 02 by the shaping device 900 and additionally or alternatively of the at least one print image applied to the respective sheet 02 and additionally or alternatively of the at least one print image applied to the respective sheet 02 relative to the at least one sheet opening 1102 and / or the at least one inner contour and / or the at least one outer contour of the respective sheet 02.

[0224] The method is preferably characterized in that the sheets 02 are changed in their shape in a respective shaping process. Preferably, the respective shaping process is a respective punching process in which the respective sheet 02 is punched, wherein, in particular, parts of the sheet 02 are removed.

[0225] Alternatively or additionally, the method is preferably characterized in that the sheets 02 are at least partially freed from the remaining pieces in a respective separation process, for example by vibrating them. The respective sheets 02 are preferably transported by means of the at least one separation transport means 904.

[0226] The correction of the processing length BL of a substrate 02 of the at least one shaping unit 900 is described in more detail below. The processing length BL is to be understood as the length of the entirety of the punched-out blanks 1101 of a substrate 02. In the embodiment of the shaping unit 900 as a punching unit 900, the processing length BL can also be referred to as the punching length. In a preferred embodiment, a sheet 02 has several sections. Accordingly, a separate processing length BL1; BL2; BL3 can be defined for each section. Such a section can be defined, for example, by a blank 1101. With several blanks 1101 arranged one behind the other in the transport direction T on a sheet, the processing length BL can then have several sections with their own processing lengths BL1; BL2, BL3...In the processing machine 01, the processing length BL can be corrected as a whole or in sections, if available. In particular, the formulation of the correction of the processing length BL also includes the section-by-section correction of the processing length.

[0227] In processing machines 01 with integrated application units 600, in particular printing units 600, changes in the printing length can occur. Such changes in the printing length are usually caused by changes in state variables such as temperature or humidity, or by changes in the material properties, such as the nature of the sheet 02 to be processed. Even when starting up a machine, various changes in state can result in changes in the printing length. A change in the printing length can occur particularly during longer operating times. Likewise, the forming result, for example the punching result, can change due to changes in state variables or material properties. Accordingly, it may be necessary to adjust the processing length BL.By means of an automated correction of the printing length I1 in conjunction with an automated correction of the processing length BL of the respective forming unit 900, a significantly increased degree of automation of the processing machine 01 can be achieved.

[0228] The processing length BL is corrected in several steps. In a first initialization step a), the processing length BL is divided into the intended sections. This is particularly useful when several blanks 1101 are arranged one behind the other on a sheet 02. In a second step, the inspection step b), an actual status is recorded. In a third step c), the actual processing length is compared with the target values. The target values ​​are usually stored in a machine control system. In a further step, the comparison step d), a manipulated variable is calculated from the deviation from the actual value. In a further step e), the control step, a speed ratio of a substrate 02 and a forming cylinder 901 is adjusted such that the processing length BL is corrected.The new actual value is then determined in a further step f) and used again as feedback to further adjust the machining length BL. In a preferred embodiment, these steps run automatically in a control loop.

[0229] In initialization step a), the number of sections comprising the processing length BL of the substrate 02 is determined. For this purpose, a value with the number n of sections is preferably transmitted to a control unit 1201 of the processing unit 914. The sections BL1; BL2; BL3 of the processing length BL can then be adjusted individually. In a preferred embodiment, the number n is entered at the control station 1202 of the processing machine 01 and transmitted to the control unit 1201. In another embodiment, the number n of sections is evaluated by an inspection device 916, and the data is automatically transmitted to the respective control unit 1201. Additionally or alternatively, the number n can be used from a job file, for example, a PDF. For example, the number n can also be one, and a processing length BL is then corrected as a whole.In addition, the total processing length can be corrected if necessary, even for multiple sections.

[0230] In a preferred embodiment, the number of sections is determined via the blanks 1101 arranged one behind the other on a sheet 02. For example, the processing length BL can be corrected in sections so that each blank 1101 on the sheet 02 is adjusted individually. For example, a sheet 02 has a first blank 1101 and a further blank 1101. The front blank 1101 is then assigned a first section of the processing length BL1 and the rear blank is assigned a second section of the processing length BL2. By dividing them up, the processing length of each blank 1101 arranged one behind the other can be corrected individually. Preferably, the blanks 1101 are arranged directly one behind the other on a sheet 02. This offers the advantage that the sheet 02 retains its stability even after the forming unit 900. The connected blanks 1101 can then be broken in a further step.

[0231] Alternatively, webs can also be arranged between the panels 1101. As a rule, the webs are then either assigned to one of the sections or, especially for a wide web, a new section is defined.

[0232] In a preferred embodiment, the processing length BL is divided into sections in a process. For this purpose, a tool length of the forme cylinder 902 is stored in a machine control system. A form length or tool length is, for example, between 450 mm and 1600 mm. From this, a processing length BL can be derived, whereby the processing length BL preferably corresponds to the tool length or the form length. Subsequently, a number of sections is determined and transferred to a machine control system, for example by input at a control station 1202. From this, the processing lengths BL1; BL2 of the individual sections are calculated in a stored process. For example, with two sections of the processing length BL1; BL2 and a total processing length of 1000 mm, each section has a length BL1; BL2 of 500 mm. Preferably, the sections are all the same size.In a further preferred embodiment, the sections can also be of different sizes. Typically, the blanks 1101 are preferably arranged next to one another and / or one behind the other on a sheet 02. However, the blanks 1101 arranged one behind the other are generally not arranged so as to overlap and / or be offset. Rather, the blanks 1101 lying one behind the other can be clearly separated. This is particularly advantageous for a downstream blank separation unit, since these connected blanks 1101 can then be separated from one another more easily. In a preferred embodiment, such a sheet 02 has at least one blank 1101, more preferably at least two blanks 1101, even more preferably at least three, four or five blanks 1101 on a sheet 02. The blanks 1101 are preferably arranged so as to be clearly separable by straight lines. An offset preferably does not occur or is minimal for the purpose of precisely dividing the sections.is not helpful for an accurate correction of the machining length BL.

[0233] A control station 1202 preferably has an input mask 930 for entering the tool value or the tool shape. A job name 931 and a job code 936 are preferably stored in such an input mask 930. In addition, the number 933 of blanks 1101 on a sheet 02 can be specified. More important for the correction is the number 932 of blanks 1101 over the circumference of the forme cylinder 901 or the forming tool 915. In addition, data about the dimensions of the tool 915 can be stored. For example, data about the width and length of the tool for the respective job can be stored. In addition, further information 941 can be stored in the input mask 950. For example, special features such as a special symmetry or a center cut or no knives can be entered. The data can be saved for each job and stored in a list.There you will find the identification data such as the order number 937 and the order description 938, as well as further data concerning the tool and the blanks 1101 over the scope 940. In addition, the input mask 950 has a navigation bar. Several symbols 942 are arranged on this navigation bar. By clicking the symbols 942, I can jump from one input mask 950 to another.

[0234] The at least one forme cylinder 901 preferably has at least one shaping tool 915 with at least one working surface 909. In a preferred embodiment, the at least one shaping tool 915 is mounted on a mounting plate 919. A forme cylinder 901 of a shaping unit 900 preferably has a plurality of holes 920 and / or bores 920 to which the mounting plate 919 and / or the shaping tool 915 can be directly mounted. The working surface 909 of the shaping tool 915 is preferably defined as a surface whose position runs in the radial direction through the outermost tool shapes. The shaping tool 915 preferably has a plurality of processing elements 921, preferably punching elements 921. Such punching elements 921 can be designed, for example, as punching knives. The punching elements preferably have a height between 10 and 30 mm. Furthermore, the working surface 909 has a dimension in the circumferential direction.The working surface 909 preferably extends from a tool start 918 to a tool end 917. The tool start 918 is preferably defined by the beginning of elevations of processing elements 921 and / or punching elements 921 and / or tool parts, in particular punching blades, which are intended for processing a substrate 02. A working surface 909 preferably amounts to between 30% and 90% of the outer surface of the forme cylinder 901. Covering refers in particular to the projection of the working surface 909 directly onto the outer surface in the radial direction. In particular, the working surface 909 can also be determined from a value for the trim via an input mask. The working surface 909 can preferably be divided into several sections with lengths AL1; AL2; AL3... in the circumferential direction. The working surface 909 of the forming tool 915 has several sections with working lengths AL1; AL2; AL3...for processing sections arranged one behind the other on a substrate 02. The number of sections depends on the number n of processing sections of the order or the sections on a sheet. Accordingly, each processing length of a section BL1, BL2, BL3... is assigned a section length AL1; AL2; AL3 of the working surface. In addition, the lengths of the processing length BL1; BL2; BL3... are also assigned a surface, in particular a counter surface with a length GL in the circumferential direction on the at least one counter cylinder 902. If there are multiple sections, the counter surface also has multiple sections. In the circumferential direction, each section then has the length GL1; GL2; GL3... The surface is preferably defined as the surface that comes into contact with the substrate 02 during operation.In particular, when the substrate 02 has multiple sections with their own processing lengths BL1, BL2, BL3, the corresponding sections of the counter surface are in contact with the sections of the substrate 02. The counter cylinder 902 preferably has a rough surface and can thus adapt the sheet 02 in the transport speed v3. The at least one counter cylinder 902 is preferably designed as a rubber cylinder or has at least one rubber layer. During operation, the shaping tool 915 comes into contact with the rubber layer of the counter cylinder 902. The rubber layer or coating preferably has a thickness between 8 and 13 mm. During operation, the thickness can decrease by several mm. For example, a minimum permissible thickness can be between 5 mm and 7 mm. This reduction is achieved, for example, by grinding using a grinding roller and / or a grinding cylinder.During operation, contact between the punching elements 921 may cause the surface to exhibit unevenness, which can be compensated for by grinding. The counter-cylinder 902 preferably has a radius r2 from the rotation axis to the outermost circumference of the counter-cylinder 902. The counter-cylinder 902 preferably has an inner radius between 200 mm and 400 mm. The radius r2 is preferably between 220 mm and 420 mm. The surface speed v2, or the peripheral speed, is preferably linked to the angular velocity ω2 via the radius r2.

[0235] In addition, further data relating to the processing operation can preferably be stored in the input mask. Information relating to the shape after processing can preferably also be entered or stored. For example, the reduction in size by removing material, for example by punching, is stored using at least one parameter, for example the trim. Preferably, on the one hand, a width after trimming 934 can be entered and stored in an input mask and, on the other hand, a length after trimming 935 can be stored. In addition, a value for the position of the sheet 02 after processing, in particular the front trim and a cutting die start, can be stored. In addition, using the net dimensions of a sheet 02, a rear trim can then be calculated and thus a position of the sheet 02 after processing can be predicted.

[0236] In a second step, inspection step b), the actual state of the processing length BL or its sections is recorded. The processing length BL is preferably inspected downstream of the forming unit 900. Several variants are conceivable and / or are used. In a first embodiment, a system operator removes a test sheet and places it on a sheet inspection table. He then inspects or measures the processing length BL or, in the case of several processing sections, the length of the processing sections BL1; BL2. This means, in particular, a length measurement of a meaningful length of a blank 1101. This length is particularly dependent on the product being manufactured. In a preferred embodiment, the processing length BL1; BL2 of a section corresponds to the distance from the trailing edge or the rearmost extension to the leading edge or the foremost extension of a blank 1101. The processing length BL orThe sections BL1; BL2, for example, are transmitted by input at a control station 1202 and from there to a control unit 1201. Alternatively, a correction value for the inspection result is directly entered at the control station 1202. In a preferred embodiment, such a correction value is a dimensionless value. In another preferred embodiment, such a correction value is a dimensioned absolute value or a percentage value. Preferably, the processing length in the individual sections can be adjusted between 0.1% and 1%, more preferably up to 3%. For example, the correction value is entered with a length measure, preferably in mm. For example, the processing length BL can be changed between 1 mm and 8 mm, more preferably 5 mm. On the one hand, a correction value for the entire arc 02 of the processing length BL can be entered. On the other hand, a correction value can be entered for each section.If the sections are divided by blanks 1101 arranged one after the other on sheet 02, then each blank 1101 can be individually adjusted in its length BL1, BL2, BL3... In a further embodiment, the processing length BL or the sections of the processing length BL1; BL2; BL3... are inspected by the inspection device 916. In this case, a correction value can be automatically calculated and passed on to the control unit 1201.

[0237] In a third step c), the actual processing length BL is compared with the target values ​​BLref or a good processing result BLref. Preferably, the processing length of each section BL1; BL2... is compared with the corresponding target values ​​BL1ref, BL2ref.... For example, the target values ​​are stored in a control unit 1201. Alternatively, the printing lengths can be used as target values. This allows, for example, errors in the printing length I2 to be compensated for by adjusting the punching result. A correction value is then calculated from the respective deviation in a comparison step d), and thus a manipulated variable is specified. A manipulated variable for open-loop and / or closed-loop control is calculated using a predetermined sequence stored in a memory in the control unit 1201. The greater the deviation from the target value, the greater the influence on the speed ratio between sheet 02 and forming unit 900.Preferably, a position setpoint or angle of rotation is calculated as the manipulated variable in order to achieve the corresponding influence on speed ratios. In particular, the additive position setpoint or the angle of rotation difference is used for closed-loop and / or open-loop control. In another embodiment, the manipulated variable can be calculated using an electronic cam disk.

[0238] In the embodiment in which correction values ​​are entered directly at the control station 1202, the comparison step with the target values ​​by the control unit 1201 is omitted, since the comparison has then already been carried out by the system operator himself. An input mask for the correction values ​​950 for correcting the processing length BL or the section of the processing lengths BL1; BL2; BL3..., has at least one field 951 for entering the correction of the processing length BL. With multiple sections and correction of the processing length, there are additional fields 952; 953, 954 for each additional section. In an embodiment with 4 sections BL1, BL2, BL3, BL4, a correction value 952; 953; 954 can be entered for each section. This correction value can be a dimensionless value or a dimensioned value. Preferably, further values ​​such as distances or values ​​of the cylinders of the forming unit 914 can be set.

[0239] Subsequently, in a control or regulation step e), the speed ratio between the sheet 02 and the forming unit 900 is adjusted so that the processing length BL, or the punching length BL, is corrected. In particular, the manipulated variable in this step is transmitted to a rotary encoder or angular position encoder and / or a speed controller of at least one drive 907; 908 of the cylinders 901; 902. The at least one forme cylinder 901 is arranged in operative connection with at least one drive 907. The at least one drive 907 of the at least one forme cylinder 901 is designed as a speed- and / or angular position-controlled electric motor 907. The at least one counter cylinder 902 is arranged in operative connection with a further drive 908. The at least one drive 907 of the at least one forme cylinder 901 is designed as a speed- and / or angular position-controlled electric motor 908.

[0240] The at least one forme cylinder 901 has a speed v1; ω1 during operation and the at least one impression cylinder 902 has a speed v2; ω2 during operation. The speeds are in a speed ratio during operation. This speed ratio is variable and / or is varied to correct the processing length BL. This means that the at least one forme cylinder 901 and the at least one counter-cylinder 902 have a first speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 for a first processing length BL during one cylinder revolution and that the at least one forme cylinder 901 and the at least one counter-cylinder 902 have a second different speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 for a second different processing length BL of a substrate 02.

[0241] The speed v1; ω1 of the forme cylinder 901 and / or the speed v2; ω2 of the counter-cylinder 902 can refer to the angular speed ω1; ω2 or the peripheral speed v1; v2. Both speeds are preferably linked via the respective radius r1 of the forme cylinder 901 and / or via the radius r2 of the counter-cylinder 902, in particular by multiplication. The radius r1 preferably refers to the outermost radius, which is defined by the tips of the punching elements 921. Likewise, the radius r2 of the counter-cylinder 902 describes the outermost radius of the cylinder 902. Accordingly, the speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 differs in a complete cylinder revolution, e.g., from one cylinder revolution to another.

[0242] The at least one forme cylinder 901 and the at least one counter cylinder 902 have a first speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 during a first rotation, and the at least one forme cylinder 901 and the at least one counter cylinder 902 have a second different speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 during another rotation.

[0243] Further preferably, the speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 differs multiple times in a complete cylinder revolution when the working surface 909 passes through a machining point 910, particularly with multiple sections of the machining length. For example, the speed v1; v2; ω1; ω2 is varied between 0.1% and 10%, more preferably between 0.5% and 5%, in order to adjust the machining length.

[0244] In the case of multiple sections of the processing length BL1; BL2; BL3, the speed ratio is adjusted separately in each section of the processing length BL1; BL2; BL3. The processing machine 01 then has at least one control unit 1201 that controls and / or regulates the angular velocities ω1; ω2 and / or the surface velocities v1; v2 of the at least one forme cylinder 901 and / or the at least one counter cylinder 902 in order to correct a processing length BL. The angular velocities ω1; ω2 are preferably linked to the surface velocities v1; v2 via the radius r1, r2 of the cylinders, in particular by multiplication.The at least one control unit 1201 is arranged to correct the machining length BL by converting the speed ratio of the cylinders 901; 902 from a first speed ratio to a second speed ratio as a function of a deviation between an actual state of a machining length BL and a target state of a machining length BLref. The at least one control unit 1201 is arranged to change the number of speed ratios of the cylinders 901; 902 during a complete cylinder revolution as the work surface 909 passes through a machining point 910 as a function of a number of correction values. The speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1; ω2 can be adjusted in each section as a function of a correction value to correct a machining length BL. The cylinders 901; 902 are, in the event of a deviation of one.

[0245] Processing length BL is transferred from a target value BLref by means of a correction value from a first speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1; ω2 to a second speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1; ω2. The processing point 910 is defined as a point which is provided for the processing of a substrate 02 between the at least one forme cylinder 901 and the at least one counter cylinder 902. The at least one control unit 1202 for correcting the processing length BL is arranged to transfer the speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 of the cylinders 901; 902 as a function of a deviation of an actual state of a processing length BL from a target state of a processing length BLref from a first speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 to a second speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2.

[0246] In a preferred embodiment of the section-by-section adjustment of the processing length, the at least one forme cylinder 901 and the at least one counter-cylinder 902 have a first speed ratio when a section of the working surface 909 passes through the processing point 910 and a second, different speed ratio when another section of the working surface 909 passes through the processing point 910. The more sections a substrate 02 has, the more different speed ratios the two cylinders 901; 902 have to one another. The speed ratios are preferably adjustable and / or are adjusted in the number of sections AL1; AL2; AL3... in one complete cylinder revolution.Preferably, the at least one forme cylinder 901 and the at least one counter-cylinder 902 have a different speed ratio as each section of the working surface 909 passes through the processing station 910. The sections are preferably divided such that each section processes one blank 1101 of the blanks 1101 arranged one behind the other. In this case, the shaping tool 915 preferably has a plurality of at least partially identical structures and / or contours. This is particularly the case when a plurality of identical or at least partially identical or similar blanks 1101 are to be or are to be produced from a substrate 02, in particular sheet 02. These structures are similar in the arrangement of the punching blades and / or punching contour. However, it is also possible for a plurality of different blanks 1101 to be arranged on one sheet 02.In this case, the sections can be of different sizes and the structures can also be different.

[0247] Alternatively or additionally, the speed ratio between substrate 02 and forme cylinder 901 is adjusted. A substrate 02 is moved in the processing station 910 at a transport speed v3, wherein the speed of the at least one forme cylinder 901 is in a ratio to the transport speed v3 of the substrate 02, the processing length BL of the substrate 02 is adjusted by changing the speed ratio between forme cylinder 901 and substrate 02 at the processing station 910. Preferably, a transport speed v3 during operation is between 2 and 6 m / s. More preferably, a maximum transport speed v3 is 5 - 6 m / s ± 10%. In sheets / h, the production speed is preferably between 2000 and 12 000. Preferably, the cylinders 901; 902; 616; 617 rotate between 1 revolution per second and 3.5 revolutions per second during production.Preferably, the speed ratio between substrate 02 and forme cylinder 902 is changed from a first speed ratio at a processing point 910 to a second speed ratio if a processing length BL deviates from a reference processing length BLref. The at least one forme cylinder 901 has at least one shaping tool 915 with at least one working surface 909, wherein the shaping tool 915 with the working surface 909 covers at least part of the outer surface of the at least one forme cylinder 901, and the speed ratio is adjusted in the region of the passage of the working surface 909 through a processing point 910. The speed ratio between the at least one forme cylinder 901 and the substrate 02 is maintained over several successive cylinder revolutions.The speed ratio between the at least one forme cylinder 901 and the substrate 02 is preferably changed at least once, more preferably several times, in a complete cylinder revolution when the working surface 909 passes through a processing point 910.

[0248] In a preferred embodiment, the speed ratio between the sheet 02 to be processed and the at least one forming unit 900 is adjusted by changing the surface speed v1; v2 and / or the angular speed ω1; ω2 of one of the cylinders 901; 902 of the forming unit 900. A speed v1; ω1 of the at least one forme cylinder 901 and a speed v2; ω2 of the at least one counter cylinder 902 are in a speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2. On the one hand, the speed ratio means a ratio of the angular velocities ω1 / ω2 of the at least one forme cylinder 901 and the at least one counter cylinder 902. On the other hand, the speed ratio means a ratio of the surface velocities v1 / v2 of the at least one forme cylinder 901 and the at least one counter cylinder 902.

[0249] During operation, the processing length BL is adjusted by changing the speed ratio v1 / v3; ω1 / v3 between the at least one forme cylinder 901 and the substrate 02. Preferably, the speed ratio of the at least one forme cylinder 901 is formed by the ratio of the surface speed v1 of the forme cylinder 901 to the transport speed v3 of the substrate 02. Alternatively, the speed ratio can also be formed by the ratio of the angular speed ω1 of the forme cylinder 901 and the transport speed v3 of the substrate 02. Preferably, the speed ratio v1 / v3; ω1 / v3 between substrate 02 and forme cylinder 902 is changed from a first speed ratio v1 / v3; ω1 / v3 at a processing point 910 to a second speed ratio v1 / v3; ω1 / v3 if a processing length BL deviates from a reference processing length BLref.The speed ratio v1 / v3; ω1 / v3 between the at least one forme cylinder 901 and the substrate 02 is maintained over several consecutive cylinder revolutions. The speed ratio v1 / v3; ω1 / v3 between the at least one forme cylinder 901 and the substrate 02 is preferably changed at least once, more preferably several times, in a complete cylinder revolution as the work surface 909 passes through a processing point 910. The speed ratio v1 / v3; ω1 / v3 between the forme cylinder 901 and the substrate 02 is adjusted by changing the speed ratio v1 / v3; ω1 / v3 of the at least one forme cylinder 901 and the at least one counter cylinder 902. The substrate 02 has several sections with processing lengths BL1; BL2; BL3...and the speed ratio between forme cylinder 901 and substrate 02 is changed and / or can be changed as each section passes through a processing station 910 in each section. The speed ratio v1 / v3; ω1 / ω3 between forme cylinder 901 and substrate 02, and thus the processing length BL, is changed by changing the speed ratio v1 / v3; ω1 / ω2 of the at least one forme cylinder 901 and the at least one counter cylinder 902.

[0250] The at least one control unit 1201 is arranged to control and / or regulate at least the at least one counter-cylinder 902, whereby the speed ratio differs at least once, preferably multiple times, by accelerating and / or decelerating the at least one counter-cylinder 902. Further preferably, the surface speed v2 and / or the angular speed ω2 of the at least one counter-pressure cylinder 902 is / are adjusted. In particular, a surface speed v2 or the angular speed ω2 of the counter-pressure cylinder 902 is then adjusted such that the difference between the actual value of the processing length BL and the target value of the processing length BLref disappears as much as possible. If there are multiple sections of the processing length BL1; BL2; BL3, the speed is adjusted individually in each section.In the respective sections themselves, the angular velocity ω1 and the surface velocity v1 of the impression cylinder 902 are preferably constant in each section. In another preferred embodiment using an electronic cam disk, other velocity profiles, such as a linear profile, can also be applied. The same applies when adjusting the speed ratio by adjusting the angle of rotation of the forme cylinder 901.

[0251] The surface speed of a cylinder 901; 902 preferably refers to a speed on the outer surface. In forming units 900, the at least one forming cylinder 901 has different heights due to the forming tool 915. The peripheral speed at the outermost edge of the tool, in particular at an outer blade edge, is then preferably defined by the surface speed. The angular speed of the forme cylinder 901 is preferably linked via a radius r1, which runs from the rotation axis to the outer edge of the punching elements 921. The at least one forme cylinder 901 preferably has an inner radius between 175 mm and 300 mm. The radius r1, in particular the radius including the punching elements, is preferably between 190 mm and 350 mm. The circumference of the forme cylinder is preferably 1600 mm ±10%.

[0252] The at least one forme cylinder 901 has a working surface 909. The working surface 909 preferably runs from the machining tool start 917 to a machining tool end 918. If the machining length BL is divided into several sections BL1, BL2, BL3..., the working surface of the at least one forme cylinder 901 can also be divided into several sections. Each section then comes into contact with the respective section of the machining lengths BL1, BL2; BL3 during machining. In a cross-sectional view of the forme cylinder 901, several working lengths AL1, AL2, AL3 are created. In addition, a forme cylinder 901 usually has a region with a gap L in which no machining takes place. In contrast, the at least one impression cylinder 902 similarly also has an impression surface. During machining, the impression surface is the surface arranged opposite the working surface.The counterpressure surface has a counterpressure length GL in the circumferential direction. The counterpressure length GL preferably corresponds to the processing length BL of the sheet 02. In particular, the counterpressure length GL is at least temporarily in contact with the processing length BL of the sheet 02 during the processing step. If there are multiple sections of the processing length BL1, BL2, BL3, etc., multiple sections GL1, GL2, GL3 can also be assigned to the impression cylinder 902.

[0253] To correct the processing length BL or individual sections BL1, BL2, BL3, the speed ratio between the forme cylinder 901 and the sheet 02 is adjusted as it passes through the processing unit 914.

[0254] In a first step, the arrival time of the sheet 02 is recorded, preferably by means of a sensor 922, and the sheet arrival time is synchronized with the start of a forming tool. Alternatively, the arrival time can also be determined via the machine speed. In this case, the sensor 922 can be omitted or it can only be used as an additional control. The sheet 02 then passes through the first section of the processing length BL1 and is in contact with the first section AL1 of the forme cylinder 901 and with the opposite first section of the impression cylinder 902 and thus with the first section of the impression length GL1. In a preferred embodiment, the speed ratio in this range is adjusted by adjusting the angular position and thus changing the speed of the impression cylinder 902. In another embodiment, the speed of the forme cylinder 901 is adjusted in the same way.In particular, a speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 of the opposite sections is adjusted in a later and / or further cylinder revolution, so that the machining length BL1 is changed in this section.

[0255] After the sheet passes through section BL1, the speed ratio is adjusted in the next section. Subsequently, the sections of the sheet BL2 and the second section AL2 of the forme cylinder 901 are in contact. This is offset by the impression length GL2. In particular, the speed v2; ω2, in particular the surface speed v2 and / or the angular speed ω2, of the impression cylinder GL2 is changed in this section.

[0256] The same applies if a third section is present. For the third section, the speed ratio of the cylinders and / or to the substrate 02 can also be adjusted by adjusting the speeds v1, v2, and v3.

[0257] In an alternative embodiment, the speed ratios between sheet 02 and forme cylinder 901 are adjusted by adjusting the speed of the suction transport means 700. Even then, the processing length BL can be brought into contact with the forme cylinder 901 in each section at an adjusted speed.

[0258] Preferably, the at least one impression cylinder 902 is controlled or regulated using the correction value for correcting the processing length BL. Preferably, the impression cylinder 902 is controlled or regulated using a position setpoint. For this purpose, a drive 907, in particular an electric motor 907, is used. In a preferred embodiment, the electric motor 908 is arranged with position control. For this purpose, a rotary encoder or angular position encoder is preferably arranged integrated in the drive 907 or in the housing of an electric motor 907; 908. Alternatively or additionally, the rotary encoder can also be arranged outside the housing and, for example, be located on a cylinder shaft. Alternatively and / or additionally, a speed controller is used. In a preferred embodiment, the operating mode of the electric motors 907; 908 can be changed from a position-controlled mode to a speed-controlled mode.If the machining length BL is shortened compared to the reference machining length BLref, the surface speed of the impression cylinder 902 is reduced by reducing the position setpoint or a rotational speed. If the machining length BL is extended compared to the reference machining length BLref, the surface speed and / or the angular speed ω of the impression cylinder 902 is reduced by increasing the position setpoint or, in the case of speed control, by reducing the rotational speed.

[0259] The same principle also applies to the individual sections of the processing length BL1; BL2, BL3.... In each section, the speed ratio between a sheet 02 and the forme cylinder 901 can be individually controlled or regulated. For each section, an additive position setpoint is preferably applied to the angular position sensor of the impression cylinder 902. This additive position setpoint is applied in the control system using the correction value and a stored sequence. The speed ratio is changed by adjusting the position setpoint of the respective cylinder relative to a master axis. In a preferred embodiment, the position setpoint results in a difference between the angle of rotation Δω and an angle of the virtual master axis. Alternatively or additionally, the position setpoint can also be adjusted relative to another cylinder, preferably with an electronic master axis.The at least one forme cylinder 901 and / or the at least one counter cylinder 902 are arranged in a closed-loop and / or controlled manner relative to a virtual master axis. The at least one control unit 1201 is arranged to adjust the angular position of the at least one forme cylinder 901 and the at least one counter cylinder 902 relative to the master axis.

[0260] In an exemplary configuration with a division of three sections n=3, this results in a total processing length BL and the processing lengths of the three sections BL1; BL2; BL3. For example, the first section has a processing length BL1 that corresponds to the desired result or the target value BL1ref. In the second section, the processing length BL2 does not correspond to the target value BL2ref. After inspection, for example, the section is too long and must be adjusted by adjusting the speed ratio. For example, the speed ratio between sheet 02 and the forming cylinder 901 must then be increased. Therefore, in the preferred embodiment, the impression cylinder 902 is accelerated by increasing the deviation from the angle of rotation Δω compared to the electronic and / or virtual master axis. A surface speed v of the impression cylinder 902 is increased in this section BL2, preferably constant.In the third section, the machining length BL3 does not correspond to the target value BL3ref. For example, after inspection, the section is too short and must be adjusted by adjusting the speed ratio. In this case, the deviation from the angle of rotation Δω is reduced compared to the virtual master axis. This results in a reduced speed of the impression cylinder 902. In reality, the inertia of individual components can lead to speed curves with, for example, linear transition phases.

[0261] In a preferred embodiment, the speed ratios v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 remain constant over several consecutive complete cylinder revolutions. This means that the adjustment of the speed ratios for setting the processing length BL or the sections remains constant over several machine cycles or cylinder revolutions. In particular, the processing length BL is adjusted after each inspection of the processing result and is implemented for subsequent sheets 02.

[0262] Furthermore, during a cylinder pass or a Z cycle, there is a region in which no sheet is processed. In this gap L, the speed remains constant and adapts to the speed of the virtual master axis or a related cylinder. Particularly advantageous is that cylinder 902 does not need to be reset during this phase, since cylinder 902 has a symmetrical design and, in particular, no cylinder channel to which a sheet arrival time must be adjusted.

[0263] In addition, the print length is adjusted in the processing machine 01. In contrast to the processing length BL of the forming unit 900, the print length is preferably corrected over the entire sheet 02. For example, if the actual value of the print length I2 is shortened compared to the target value of the print length I1, the speed of the forme cylinder 601 is increased and operated at a higher speed than the leading axis. Over the revolution or cycle Z of the forme cylinder 601, a gap is created in the area of ​​the cylinder channel. Due to the changed speed, the phase position to the leading axis changes. However, with a forme cylinder 601, the print image must be applied precisely, which is why the sheet arrival time must again be exactly right. Accordingly, the cylinder must be braked and accelerated again in the gap in order to correct the phase position. This is complex and must be repeated in every cycle.In a preferred embodiment, the print length can also be adjusted in sections.

[0264] In a further verification step f), the processing result is checked after the closed-loop and / or closed-loop control. In particular, this value is fed back into the control loop as a feedback variable. For example, this step corresponds to a repeated removal and inspection of a sheet 02 from machine 01.

[0265] Preferably, the at least one control unit 1201 for controlling and / or regulating a processing length BL is operatively connected to another control unit 1203 controlling and / or regulating the printing length I1 of at least one application unit 600 of the processing machine 01. In particular, the correction or adjustment mechanisms of the processing length BL and the printing length DL can then be coordinated with one another. Information about the correction of the printing length I1 can be entered via the input device 1202, in particular the control station 1202, and transmitted to the control unit 1203.

[0266] In addition to the processing length BL, the print length DL is also set in processing machine 01. The print length DL can also be adjusted in sections with section-by-section print lengths DL1, DL2, DL3, etc. The setting is analogous to the setting of the processing length BL. In particular, the print length is adjusted by adjusting the speed ratio between forme cylinder 616 and impression cylinder 617. It is irrelevant whether an intermediate blanket cylinder, such as in an offset printing unit, is present. Changing the speed ratio adjustment therefore applies equally to the print length adjustment and the processing length adjustment.

[0267] The method for section-by-section print length correction of at least one application unit 600 is described in more detail below. In a processing machine 01 with application unit 600 and forming unit 900, a correction / adjustment of the print length I2 and the processing length BL preferably takes place. The print length I1 is corrected by changing the speed ratio v1 / v3 between a substrate 02 and the at least one forme cylinder 616. The print length I1 can preferably also be corrected section by section. For this purpose, the print length I1 is divided into several sections with print lengths DL1; DL2; DL3... and corrected by changing the speed ratio v1 / v3 in each section. The control units 1201; 1203 are operatively connected and can coordinate the adjustment or correction of the print length I2 or the processing length BL. The adjustment or correction can take place section by section in both cases.

[0268] The speed ratio and thus the printing length I1 is and / or can be corrected by changing the surface speed v1; v2 and / or the angular speed ω1; ω2 of the at least one forme cylinder 616 and / or the at least one counter-pressure cylinder 617. The printing length I2 is preferably corrected by changing the speed of the at least one forme cylinder 616. The forme cylinder 616 is preferably used for the correction. The at least one forme cylinder 616 has a non-printing area 620. The at least one forme cylinder 616 is synchronized in phase with a virtual and / or electronic master axis as it passes through the non-printing area 620. The printing length I1 is corrected by controlling and / or regulating the position and / or speed of the at least one forme cylinder 616 and / or the at least one counter-pressure cylinder 617. The speed ratio v1 / v3 in each section of the printing length DL1; DL2; DL3...can be corrected and / or is corrected by changing the surface speed v2 and / or the angular speed ω2 of the at least one impression cylinder 617 in each section. In particular, the speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 differs multiple times in a complete cylinder revolution in the area of ​​the application surface 629 and / or the working surface 909. In particular, the printing length I2 is corrected in the section-wise correction of DL1, DL2, DL3 in the speed ratios equal to the correction of the processing length BL. The at least one forme cylinder 616; 901 has at least one application form 628 with at least one application surface 629 and / or at least one shaping tool 915 with at least one working surface 909. The application surface 629 and / or the working surface 909 cover at least part of the outer surface of the at least one forme cylinder 616; 901.A speed v1; ω1 of the at least one forme cylinder 616; 901 and a speed v2; ω2 of the at least one counter cylinder 617; 902 are in a speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2. The speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 differs several times in a complete cylinder revolution in the area of ​​the application surface 629 and / or working surface 909.

[0269] The speed ratio is preferably a ratio of the angular speeds ω1 / ω2 of the at least one forme cylinder 616; 901 and of the at least one

[0270] impression cylinder 617; 902 and / or the speed ratio is a ratio of the surface speeds v1 / v2 of the at least one forme cylinder 616; 901 and the at least one counter cylinder 617; 902.

[0271] To adjust and / or correct the print length I2, in particular to correct the print length DL1; DL2, DL3... in sections, the speed of the forme cylinder 616 is preferably adjusted, in particular decelerated and / or accelerated, to adjust the speed ratio. This adjustment of the speed ratio then preferably takes place in sections.

[0272] A deviation from an actual value I2 to a target value I1 of the print length I2 is transmitted to a control unit 1201 and / or controller, and the control unit 1201 and / or controller controls and / or regulates the position and / or speed depending on the deviation.

[0273] The pressure cylinders 616 preferably have a radius r3 between 200 mm and 400 mm. More preferably, the radius r3 is 520 mm ± 10%.

[0274] The impression cylinder 617 also has a radius r4 of between 100 and 200 mm. More preferably, the radius r4 is 300 mm ± 10%.

[0275] The actual state of the sections of the print lengths DL1, DL2, DI3... can be detected by means of at least one inspection device 726; 916 and / or is detected by means of the at least one inspection device 726; 916.

[0276] The at least one inspection device 726 detects and / or can detect the actual state of each section of the printing length DL1; DL2; DL3. The data on the actual state are transmitted from the inspection device 726 to the control unit. The control unit 1203 is operatively connected to a control unit 1201 for the printing length correction of a forming unit 900.

[0277] Alternatively, the print length can also be determined manually by measuring the length in a delivery.

[0278] The forme cylinder 616 and / or the impression cylinder 617 are each driven by a drive 631; 630 designed as an electric motor 631; 630. The electric motor of the at least one forme cylinder 616 and / or the electric motor of the impression cylinder 617 are controlled and / or regulated with a speed and / or angular position control by means of a rotary encoder.

[0279] If the processing length BL is divided into several sections BL1, BL2, BL3..., the application surface 629 of the at least one forme cylinder 616 can also be divided into several sections. Each section then comes into contact with the respective section of the processing lengths BL1, BL2; BL3 during processing. In a cross-sectional view of the forme cylinder 616, several working lengths FAL1, FAL2, FAL3 are created. The application surface 629 of the application form 628 has several sections with application lengths FAL1; FAL2; FAL3... for processing consecutively arranged sections on a substrate 02. In addition, a forme cylinder 616 usually has an area with a gap L in which no processing takes place. During the print length correction, the phase position is adjusted in the area of ​​the gap L so that the next sheet arrival time is correct. In contrast, the at least one impression cylinder 617 also has an impression surface in a similar manner.During processing, the counter-pressure surface is the surface located opposite the working surface. The counter-pressure surface has a counter-pressure length GL in the circumferential direction. The counter-pressure length GL preferably corresponds to the processing length BL of the sheet 02. In particular, the counter-pressure length GL is at least temporarily in contact with the processing length BL of the sheet 02 during the processing step. If there are multiple sections of the processing length BL1, BL2, BL3..., multiple sections GL1, GL2, GL3 can also be assigned to the counter-pressure cylinder 902. The at least one forme cylinder 901; 616 and the at least one counter-cylinder 902; 617 preferably have a first speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 when a section of the working surface 909 passes through the processing point 910 and / or when the application surface 629 passes through.The at least one forme cylinder 901 and the at least one counter cylinder 902 preferably have a second different speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 when a different section of the working surface 909 passes through the processing point 910 and / or when the application surface 629 passes through. The speed ratios are adaptable and / or are adapted in the number of sections FAL1; FAL2; FAL3... ; AL1; AL2; AI3... in one complete cylinder revolution. The at least one forme cylinder 901; 616 and the at least one counter cylinder 902; 617 have a different speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 when each section of the working surface 909 passes through the processing point 910 and / or when the application surface 629 passes through. In each section, the speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 can be adjusted depending on a correction value for correcting the processing length BL and / or for correcting the printing length DL.The at least one control unit 1201; 1203 is arranged to correct the processing length BL and / or the printing length I2, the speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 of the cylinders 901; 902 as a function of a deviation of an actual state of a processing length BL and / or a printing length DL from a desired state of a processing length BLref and / or a printing length DL, from a first speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 to a second speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2. Subsequently, the speed curves v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 behave the same over several consecutive cylinder revolutions. The cylinders 901; 902; 616; 617 are arranged in the event of a deviation of a processing length BL from a target value BLref and / or a printing length I2 from a target value I1 by means of a correction value from a first speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 to a second speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2.The at least one forme cylinder 901; 616 is arranged in operative connection with the at least one drive 907; 631. The at least one drive 907; 631 of the at least one forme cylinder 901; 616 is designed as a speed- and / or angular-position-controlled electric motor 907; 631. The at least one counter-cylinder 902; 617 is arranged in operative connection with a further drive 908; 630. The at least one drive 908; 630 of the at least one forme cylinder 901; 631 is designed as a speed- and / or angular-position-controlled electric motor 908; 630.

[0280] The substrate 02 is moved at a transport speed v3 through the application unit 600 and / or the shaping unit 900, wherein the speed v1; ω1 of the at least one forme cylinder 616 is in a ratio to the transport speed v3 of the substrate 02. The printing length 12 and / or the processing length BL of the substrate 02 is adjusted by changing the speed ratio v1 / v3; ω1 / v3 between the forme cylinders 616, 901 and the substrate 02. The speed ratio between the at least one forme cylinder 616, 901 and the substrate 02 is changed several times in a complete cylinder revolution in the region of an application surface 629 and / or the working surface 909 for a section-by-section adjustment of the printing length DL1; DL2; DL3... and / or the processing length BL1, BL2; BL3...If a processing length BL; BL1; BL2; BL3 deviates from a reference processing length BLref; BL1ref; BL2ref; BL3ref and / or if a printing length DL; DL1; DL2; DL3 deviates from a reference printing length DLref; DL1ref; DL2ref; DL3ref, the speed ratio between the substrate 02 and the forme cylinder 616; 902 is changed from a first speed ratio v1 / v3; ω1 / v3 in the area of ​​the application surface 629 and / or in the area of ​​the working surface 909 in a first cylinder revolution to a second different speed ratio v1 / v3; ω1 / v3 in another cylinder revolution. The speed ratio between the at least one forme cylinder 901; 616 and the substrate 02 is maintained over a plurality of successive cylinder revolutions. The speed ratio is changed between the at least one forme cylinder 616; 901 and the substrate 02 changed several times in a complete cylinder revolution.The speed ratio between the forme cylinder 901; 616 and the substrate 02 is adjusted by changing the speed ratio v1 / v3; ω1 / v3 of the at least one forme cylinder 901; 616 and the at least one counter cylinder 902; 617. The substrate 02 has several sections with processing lengths BL1; BL2; BL3... and / or printing lengths DL1; DL2; DL3... The speed ratio between the forme cylinder 901; 616 and the substrate 02 is and / or can be changed in each section as each section of the substrate 02 passes through a processing station 910 and / or printing station 621. In a flexographic printing unit 600, the speed ratio is adjusted directly in the printing station 621. In an offset printing unit, the speed ratio is set indirectly and transmitted via the blanket cylinder.The speed ratio v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 of the at least one forme cylinder 901; 616 to the at least one counter cylinder 902; 617 preferably differs in a complete cylinder revolution when passing through the working surface 909 and / or the application surface 629 at least once, preferably multiple times. The speed ratio can be, on the one hand, the ratio of the angular velocities ω1 / ω2 of the at least one forme cylinder 901; 616 and the at least one counter cylinder 902; 617 and, on the other hand, the speed ratio of the surface velocities v1 / v2 of the at least one forme cylinder 901; 616 and the at least one counter cylinder 902; 617. The speed ratios are and / or are adapted to the number of sections of the substrate 02.The at least one forme cylinder 901; 616 and the at least one counter cylinder 902; 617 have a first speed ratio when a section of the substrate 02 passes through the processing point 910 and / or printing point 621. The at least one forme cylinder 901; 616 and the at least one counter cylinder 902; 617 have a second, different speed ratio when another section passes through. Preferably, the at least one forme cylinder 901; 616 and the at least one counter cylinder 902; 617 have a different speed ratio when each section of the substrate 02 passes through. The speed ratio can preferably be and / or is set in each section as a function of a correction value for correcting the processing length and / or printing length. The speed ratios v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2 preferably behave the same over several consecutive cylinder revolutions.

[0281] If a deviation of a processing length BL and / or the printing length I2 from a target value BLref; I1 occurs, the cylinders 901; 902; 616; 617 are preferably converted from a first speed ratio to a second speed ratio by means of a correction value. The speed ratios are corrected from one cylinder revolution to another cylinder revolution using the correction value. The actual state of the processing length BL and / or the printing length I2 can be and / or is detected by means of at least one inspection device 916; 716. List of reference symbols

[0282] 01Processing machine, printing machine, forming machine, die-cutting machine, flexographic printing machine, sheet-fed processing machine, sheet-fed printing machine, sheet-fed forming machine, sheet-fed die-cutting machine, corrugated board sheet-fed processing machine, corrugated board sheet-fed printing machine 02Substrate, sheet, printing material, corrugated board, corrugated board sheet 03Edge, front, leading edge (02) 04Edge, rear, trailing edge (02) 05- 06Reference position, first (first applicator 614) 07Reference position, first (second applicator 614) 08Reference position, first (third applicator 614) 09Reference position, first (fourth applicator 614) 10- 11Reference position, second (first applicator 614) 12Reference position, second (second applicator 614) 13Reference position, second (third order 614) 14Reference position, second (fourth order 614) 15- 16Register mark, first (first order 614) 17Register mark, first (second order 614) 18Register mark, first (third order 614) 19Register mark,first (fourth application unit 614) 20- 21Register mark, second (first application unit 614) 22Register mark, second (second application unit 614) 23Register mark, second (third application unit 614) 24Register mark, second (fourth application unit 614) 30Section processing length, first 31Section processing length, second , 48Delivery stack carrier 49Curve diverter 50- 51Exit delivery 100Aggregate, module, substrate feed device, substrate feed aggregate, substrate feed module, sheet feeder, sheet feeder aggregate, sheet feeder module 104 investor stacks 119Transportation means, suction transport means, acceleration means, lower, secondary 136Transport means, suction transport means, acceleration means, lower 137front stop 164Sheet sensor, sheet start sensor 165- 166Storage area 167Control section 168Starting point 169Ending point 170- 171Sensor element, transmitter 172Sensor element, receiver 300Aggregate, module, system equipment, system aggregate, system module 506Drying device 600Aggregate, application aggregate, module, application module, printing aggregate, printing module, flexo application aggregate, flexo printing aggregate, flexo application module, flexo printing module 614Applicator unit, printing unit 615- 616Form cylinder 617Impression cylinder 618Anilox roller 619Ink fountain 620Non-printing area, cylinder channel 621Processing point, printing gap 622Sheet sensor, sheet travel sensor 623Sensor element, transmitter 624Sensor element, receiver 625- 626Holder (616) 627Holder (617) 628Applicator form, printing form 629Applicator surface 630Drive (616) 631Drive (617) 700Aggregate, module, transport aggregate, transport device, transport module, transport means, suction transport means, upper 722 Sheet sensor, sheet control sensor 723 Sensor element, transmitter 724 Sensor element, receiver 725- 726 Inspection device, print image control system 727 Lighting 728 Inspection device, register control system, color register control system 900 Unit, module, forming device, forming unit, punching unit, forming module, punching module, punching device, rotary punching device 901 Form cylinder, punching form cylinder 902 Impression cylinder 903 Separation device, separation unit, separation module, jogging device 904 Transport means, separation transport means 905- 906 Transport means, suction transport means, selective transport means, upper 907 Drive, electric motor (901) 908 Drive, electric motor (902) 909 Working surface 910 Processing point, forming point, punching point 914Shaping unit, punching unit 915Shaping tool, punching tool 916Inspection device, punching control system 917Shaping tool start 918Shaping tool end 919Mounting plate (914) 920Mounting openings 921Machining elements, punching elements 922 Sheet sensor, sheet travel sensor 923 Sensor element, transmitter 924 Sensor element, receiver 930 Input mask, tool shape 931 Job name 932 Consecutive copies in the circumference 933 Total number of copies per sheet 934 Sheet width after trimming 935 Tool length 936 Job character 937 Saved jobs, character 938 Saved jobs, name 939 Saved tool data 940 Saved number of copies in the circumference 941 Further information 942 Navigation symbol 950Input mask correction values ​​951Correction value processing length (BL) 952Correction value, processing length, section (BL2) 953Correction value, processing length, section (BL3) 954Correction value, processing length, section (BL4) 1000Aggregate, module, substrate delivery device, delivery, sheet delivery, delivery aggregate, delivery module 1101Pair 1102Sheet opening, sheet gap 1103Punch impression 1104Print mark 1105Gutter 1106Waste piece 1200Control system 1201Control unit (900) 1202Control center 1203Control unit (600) ARection, transverse direction, horizontal TRection, transport direction VRection, vertical Xection Yection axDistance in direction X ayDistance in direction Y wAngle, displacement angle I1Reference length I2Print length DL1refPrint length first section, reference DL2refPrint length second section, reference DL3refPrint length third section, reference DL1Print length first section DL2Print length second section DL3Print length third section FAL1Working length of form cylinder, first section (616) FAL2Working length of form cylinder, second section (616) FAL3Working length of form cylinder, third section (616) BL Machining length BLref Machining length, reference BL1ref Machining length, reference / target BL2ref Machining length, reference / target BL3ref Machining length, reference / target BL1 Machining length first section, is BL2 Machining length second section, is BL3 Machining length third section, is nNumber of consecutive benefits ALWorking length (901) AL1Working length first section (901) AL2Working length second section (901) AL3Working length third section (901) GLBackpressure length (902) GL1Backpressure length first section (902) GL2Backpressure length second section (902) GL3Backpressure length third section (902) ZCycle LGap ΔωDeviation Angle of rotation ω1Angular velocity, forme cylinder ω2Angular velocity, counter cylinder v1Speed, forme cylinder v2Speed, counter cylinder r1Radius (901; 915) r2Radius (902) r3Radius (616; 628) r4Radius (617)

Claims

1. Processing machine (01) for processing a substrate (02), comprising at least one shaping unit (900) and / or at least one application unit (600), the at least one application unit (600) and / or the at least one shaping unit (900) in each case comprising at least one forme cylinder (616; 901) and at least one impression cylinder (617; 902), the at least one forme cylinder (616) of the application unit (600) comprising at least one application forme (628) including at least one application surface (629) and / or the at least one shaping unit (900) comprising at least one shaping tool (915) including at least one working surface (909), the application surface (629) and / or the working surface (909) being arranged so as to cover at least a portion of the outer surface of the at least one forme cylinder (616; 901), the processing machine (01) comprising at least one control unit (1201; 1203) for correcting a processing length (BL) and / or printing length (DL), which controls in an open loop and / or a closed loop the speed (ω1; ω2; v1; v2) of the at least one forme cylinder (616; 901) and / or of the at least one impression cylinder (616; 902), the speed (v1; ω1) of the at least one forme cylinder (616; 901) and / or the speed (v2; ω2) of the at least one impression cylinder (617; 902) having a speed ratio (v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2) with respect to one another, the application surface (629) of the at least one application forme (628) and / or the working surface (909) of the at least one shaping tool (915) comprising a plurality of sections for processing multiple-ups (1101) of the one substrate (02) which are arranged one behind the other, characterized in that the at least one forme cylinder (901; 616) and the at least one impression cylinder (902; 617) have a first speed ratio (v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2) when one of the plurality of sections of the working surface (909) passes through the processing point (910) and / or when one of the plurality of sections of the application surface (629) passes through the processing point (910), and in that the at least one forme cylinder (901) and the at least one impression cylinder (902) have a second speed ratio (v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2) that differs from the first when another section of the working surface (909) passes through the processing point (910) and / or when another section of the application surface (629) passes through the processing point (910).

2. Processing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the sections of the application surface (629) of the at least one application forme (628) and / or the sections of the working surface (909) of the at least one shaping tool (915) for processing the individual multiple-ups (1101) have at least partially identical contours.

3. Processing machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one application unit (600) is configured as a printing unit (600), and / or in that the at least one shaping unit (900) is configured as a die-cutting unit (900).

4. Processing machine according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that the control unit (1201; 1203) is arranged in such a way that the at least one forme cylinder (901; 616) and the at least one impression cylinder (902; 617) have a different speed ratio (v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2) when each section of the working surface (909) passes through the processing point (910) and / or when the application surface (629) passes through, and / or in that the control unit (1201; 1203) is arranged in such a way that the speed ratio (v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2) in each section can be adjusted as a function of a correction value for correcting the processing length (BL) and / or for correcting the printing length (DL).

5. Processing machine according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that the at least one control unit (1201; 1203) for correcting the processing length (BL) and / or the printing length (DL) is arranged so as to transfer the speed ratio (v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2) of the cylinders (901; 902) from a first speed ratio (v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2) to a second speed ratio (v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2) as a function of a deviation of an actual state of a processing length (BL) and / or of a printing length (DL) from a target state of a processing length (BLref) and / or of a printing length (DL), and / or in that, when a deviation of a processing length (BL) from a target value (BLref) and / or of a printing length (l2) from a target value (l1) is present, the cylinders (901; 902; 616; 617) are arranged so as to be transferred from a first speed ratio (v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2) to a second speed ratio (v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2) by means of a correction value.

6. Processing machine according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, characterized in that the at least one forme cylinder (901; 616) is arranged so as to be functionally connected to at least one drive (907; 631) and the at least one drive (907; 631) of the at least one forme cylinder (901; 616) is configured as a speed-controlled and / or closed-loop angular position-controlled electric motor (907; 631), and / or in that the at least one impression cylinder (902; 617) is arranged so as to be functionally connected to a further drive (908; 630) and the at least one drive (908; 630) of the at least one impression cylinder (901; 631) is configured as a speed-controlled and / or closed-loop angular position-controlled electric motor (908; 630) .

7. Method for adjusting a printing length (l2) and / or processing length (BL) of a substrate (02) by means of at least one application unit (600) and / or at least one shaping unit (900) of a processing machine (01), the application unit (600) and / or the shaping unit (900) comprising at least one forme cylinder (616; 901), the at least one forme cylinder (616; 901) comprising at least one application forme (628) including at least one application surface (629) and / or at least one shaping tool (915) including at least one working surface (909), the application forme (628) including the application surface (629) and / or the at least one shaping tool (915) including the at least one working surface (909) covering at least a portion of the outer surface of the at least one forme cylinder (616; 901), the substrate (02) being moved at a transport speed (v3) through the application unit (600) and / or the shaping unit (900), the speed (v1; ω1) of the at least one forme cylinder (616) having a ratio with respect to the transport speed (v3) of the substrate (02), the printing length (l2) and / or the processing length (BL) of the substrate (02) being adjusted by changing the speed ratio (v1 / v3; ω1 / v3) between the forme cylinder (616; 901) and the substrate (02), characterized in that the speed ratio between the at least one forme cylinder (616; 901) and the substrate (02) is changed several times within a full cylinder revolution in the region of an application surface (629) and / or in the region of the working surface (909) for adjusting the printing length and / or the processing length.

8. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that, in the event of a deviation of a processing length (BL; BL1; BL2; BL3) from a reference processing length (BLref; BL1ref; BL2ref; BL3ref) and / or in the event of a deviation of a printing length (DL; DL1; DL2; DL3) from a reference printing length (DLref; DL1ref; DL2ref; DL3ref), the speed ratio between the substrate (02) and the forme cylinder (616; 902) is changed from a first speed ratio (v1 / v3; ω1 / v3) in the region of the application surface (629) and / or in the region of the working surface (909) within a first cylinder revolution to a second different speed ratio (v1 / v3; ω1 / v3) within another cylinder revolution.

9. Method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the at least one shaping unit (900) is configured as a die-cutting unit (900), and / or in that the at least one application unit (600) is configured as a printing unit (600), and / or in that the actual state of the processing length (BL) and / or of the printing length (l2) can be detected and / or is detected by means of at least one inspection device (916; 716).

10. Method according to claim 7 or 8 or 9, characterized in that the at least one shaping unit (900) and / or the at least one application unit (600), at least in addition to the at least one forme cylinder (901; 616), comprise at least one impression cylinder (902; 617).

11. Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the speed ratio between the forme cylinder (901; 616) and the substrate (02) is adapted by changing the speed ratio between the at least one forme cylinder (901; 616) and the at least one impression cylinder (902; 617).

12. Method according to claim 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11, characterized in that the substrate (02) comprises a plurality of sections having processing lengths (BL1; BL2; BL3 ...) and / or printing lengths (DL1; DL2; DL3 ...), and in that the speed ratio between the forme cylinder (901; 616) and the substrate (02) can be changed and / or is changed in each section when each section of the substrate (02) passes through a processing point (910) and / or printing nip (621).

13. Method according to claim 11 or according to claim 11 in combination with claim 12, characterized in that the working surface (909) of the shaping tool (915) comprises a plurality of sections having working lengths (AL1; AL2; AL3 ...) and / or the application surface (616) for processing multiple-ups (1101) on a substrate (02) which are located one behind the other, and in that the at least one forme cylinder (901; 616) and the at least one impression cylinder (902; 617) have a first speed ratio when a section of the substrate (02) passes through the processing point (910) and / or printing nip (621), and in that the at least one forme cylinder (901; 616) and the at least one impression cylinder (902; 617) have a second different speed ratio when another section passes through.

14. Method according to claim 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11 or 12 or 13, characterized in that the working surface (909) of the shaping tool (915) comprises a plurality of sections having working lengths (AL1; AL2; AL3 ...) and / or the application surface (616) for processing multiple-ups (1101) on a substrate (02) which are located one behind the other, in that the speed ratios can be adapted and / or are adapted in the number of sections of the substrate (02), and / or in that the speed ratio can be adjusted and / or is adjusted in each section as a function of a correction value for correcting the processing length (BL) and / or printing length (12).

15. Method according to claim 11 or according to claim 11 in combination with claim 12 or 13 or 14, characterized in that the speed ratios (v1 / v2; ω1 / ω2) behave identically over several successive cylinder revolutions, and / or in that, when a deviation of a processing length (BL) and / or of the printing length (l2) from a target value (BLref; l1) is present, the cylinders (901; 902; 616; 617) are transferred from a first speed ratio to a second speed ratio by means of a correction value.