Measuring device, manufacturing device with such a measuring device and method for operating a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of a component from a powder material

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a measuring device and a manufacturing device with such a measuring device for the additive manufacturing of a component from a powder material.

[0002] When manufacturing components using additive manufacturing processes, a common problem is that the component to be produced must be positioned very precisely, i.e., with high spatial accuracy, within the working area of ​​the additive manufacturing device used to produce the component. This is particularly true for the production of so-called hybrid components, where an additively manufactured area is built onto a conventionally manufactured preform. The accuracy of the alignment of the newly produced area relative to the preform often determines whether the hybrid manufacturing process can provide the necessary accuracy for the component's subsequent application.For example, a hybrid milling head with internal cooling channels must be positioned with a deviation of less than 50 µm to prevent the resulting component—which will rotate in the later application—from having excessive imbalance. Correct positioning of the component within the working area requires optimization at various length scales. However, it is difficult, or only possible with considerable effort, to solve the previously described optimization tasks at different length scales with high accuracy and efficiency.

[0003] US 2021 / 023622 A1 discloses a method for calibrating a processing machine for manufacturing three-dimensional components by irradiating powder layers, wherein the processing machine has a scanner device for positioning a laser beam in a processing field in which a height-adjustable build platform for applying the powder layers is positioned, comprising: scanning over at least two, preferably at least three, markings, in particular in the form of retroreflectors, which are attached to the build platform and / or to a preform fixed to the build platform, with the laser beam, detecting laser radiation that is reflected back into the scanner device when scanning over the at least two markings, determining actual positions of the markings based on the detected laser radiation, determining deviations of the actual positions of the markings from the target positions of the markings,as well as calibrating the processing machine by correcting the positioning of the laser beam in the processing field and / or the position of the build platform in the processing machine based on the determined deviations.

[0004] CN 109 989 585 A discloses a real-time feedback control method for the printing precision of a 3D printer. The method consists of two parts: In the first part, the positioning error of a printing machine is reduced by a feedback control system of the printing machine; and in the second part, the forming error of a specific object is reduced by a feedback adjustment system between the printer and a printed object, wherein the second part is a two-stage positioning method, the first stage being a horizontal feedback adjustment system for the relative position and the second stage being a vertical feedback adjustment system for the relative position.

[0005] DE 10 2018 219 301 A1 discloses a method for detecting a working area of ​​an additive manufacturing device, comprising the following steps: - Relocating an optical work beam of the additive manufacturing device in the working area; location-dependent detection of signal values ​​of light emitted along an optical axis of the optical work beam, wherein a signal value is assigned to each location of the relocation of the optical work beam in the working area, and obtaining an image of the working area from the location-dependently detected signal values.

[0006] US 2016 / 303806 A1 discloses a method and a device for calibrating at least one scanning system during the production of an object by additive manufacturing, wherein the coordinates of one or more reference positions in the relative coordinate system of each scanning system are measured, whereupon the calibration of each of the scanning systems is adjusted based on the measured coordinates of the reference positions.

[0007] The invention is based on the objective of creating a measuring device, a manufacturing device with such a measuring device and a method for operating a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of a component from a powder material, wherein the aforementioned disadvantages are at least reduced, preferably do not occur.

[0008] The problem is solved by providing the present technical teaching, in particular the teaching of the independent claims as well as the embodiments disclosed in the dependent claims and the description.

[0009] The problem is solved in particular by providing a measuring device for aligning a blueprint coordinate system with a build plane coordinate system of a work area of ​​an additive manufacturing device arranged in a build plane, wherein the measuring device comprises a first sensor device configured to detect a first detection area of ​​the work area with a first measurement accuracy. The measuring device also comprises a selection module configured to select at least one area of ​​interest within the first detection area. Furthermore, the measuring device comprises a second sensor device configured to detect the at least one selected area of ​​interest with a second measurement accuracy, wherein the second measurement accuracy is higher than the first measurement accuracy.The measuring device includes an alignment module configured to determine at least one orientation of the design coordinate system relative to the build plane coordinate system, selected from an angular orientation and a translational orientation, based on the detected area of ​​interest. Advantageously, the measuring device allows for very precise alignment of the design coordinate system relative to the build plane coordinate system, making it possible, in particular, to build additively manufactured areas of components onto conventionally manufactured preforms with high accuracy, thus enabling the production of high-quality hybrid components.Advantageously, the first sensor device enables the acquisition of a comparatively large detection area, preferably the entire working area, on a first, larger length scale, whereby the selection module allows at least one area of ​​interest to be selected within this detection area. The second sensor device then enables the local detection of the area of ​​interest with higher measurement accuracy, preferably on a smaller length scale. Thus, an overall picture can be obtained first, and then, in particular, relevant areas can be detected with higher accuracy.The alignment module makes it advantageously possible to align the building plan coordinate system relative to the construction plane coordinate system, particularly based on the area of ​​interest captured with higher measurement accuracy, so that overall – with advantageously limited effort – a high degree of accuracy is achieved for the alignment of the coordinate systems relative to each other. In particular, the measuring device proposed here enables sensor fusion of the first sensor device with the second sensor device, preferably multi-scale sensor fusion, especially on different length scales.

[0010] In the context of this technical teaching, a blueprint coordinate system is understood to be, in particular, a coordinate system of the component to be manufactured. Specifically, the component to be manufactured is first defined in the blueprint coordinate system by means of a manufacturing data set. When the manufacturing data set is used in the additive manufacturing device, the blueprint coordinate system corresponds to a machine coordinate system of the additive manufacturing device. The machine coordinate system comprises the coordinates with which the manufacturing device—in particular, a scanner device for moving an optical work beam—is controlled in order to manufacture the component to be produced.

[0011] In contrast, in the context of this technical teaching, a construction plane coordinate system is understood to be, in particular, a coordinate system that is spanned in the construction plane of the manufacturing device and fixed relative to the working area. Thus, the position of at least one preform arranged in the working area is also fixed in the construction plane coordinate system; in particular, it is possible that the at least one preform defines the construction plane coordinate system, for example, by determining the origin of the construction plane coordinate system. Alternatively or additionally, it is preferably provided that the construction plane coordinate system is fixed relative to a substrate plate, which is held, in particular, interchangeably on or in the manufacturing device, or is defined by the substrate plate.

[0012] Even after prior calibration, the design plan coordinate system and the build plane coordinate system can drift apart, particularly due to misalignment or thermal effects within the additive manufacturing device; specifically, they can drift relative to each other when the device heats up or cools down. In particular, a substrate plate on which a component is additively manufactured may expand thermally, especially if preheated, for example, to 200 °C or 500 °C. Therefore, aligning the coordinate systems relative to each other before the start of production will always improve the quality.Furthermore, it is possible that it is not known with sufficiently high accuracy where the at least one preform is arranged in the build plane and how it is oriented, whereby this can be determined using the measuring device proposed here and taken into account when aligning the coordinate systems or used for the alignment.

[0013] In the context of this technical teaching, the measurement accuracy of a sensor device is understood to be a combination of precision, determined in particular by the resolution of the sensor device, and the accuracy of the measurement by the sensor device, which is influenced in particular by a so-called registration error. Precision describes the dispersion of the measured values ​​around a mean value, with high precision being low. Accuracy describes the deviation of the mean of the measured values ​​from an assumed true value, in particular from a location in the machine coordinate system. A registration error of the sensor device is, in particular, a deviation of the sensor device's coordinate system from the machine coordinate system.Accuracy is therefore directly dependent on the registration error; in particular, accuracy is high when there is no registration error and the sensor coordinate system matches the machine coordinate system. Measurement accuracy is high when both precision and accuracy are high. Measurement accuracy is low when either precision or accuracy is low, or when both precision and accuracy are low. The second measurement accuracy can be higher than the first if the precision of the second sensor is higher than the precision of the first sensor while maintaining the same accuracy, or if the accuracy of the second sensor is higher than the accuracy of the first sensor while maintaining the same precision, or if both the precision and accuracy of the second sensor are higher than the precision and accuracy of the first sensor.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the second measurement accuracy is higher than the first measurement accuracy by a factor of at least 2, preferably at least 3. In particular, a second geometric resolution of the second sensor device is preferably higher than the first geometric resolution of the first sensor device by a factor of at least 2 to preferably at most 10, preferably at least 3 to preferably at most 5.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the first sensor device has a geometric resolution of at least 30 µm to at most 500 µm, preferably at least 100 µm to at most 400 µm, preferably at most 300 µm, and preferably at most 200 µm. Alternatively or additionally, the second sensor device has a geometric resolution of at least 10 µm to at most 50 µm, preferably at least 20 µm to at most 40 µm, and preferably at most 30 µm.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the first sensor device is configured to detect the entire working area of ​​the manufacturing device as the first detection area. Alternatively, in a preferred embodiment, the first sensor device is configured to detect the first detection area – defined as an area smaller than the working area – within the working area.

[0017] In the context of this technical teaching, an area of ​​interest is understood in particular as a so-called Region of Interest (ROI).

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, at most one area of ​​interest is identical to the recording area. Alternatively, it is preferably provided that at least one area of ​​interest is smaller than the first recording area. In a preferred embodiment, the selection module is configured to select a plurality of areas of interest within the first recording area. The areas of interest can be spaced apart from one another or at least partially adjacent. It is also possible for the areas of interest to overlap, at least partially. In particular, the area of ​​interest is preferably a second recording area within the first recording area.

[0019] In the context of this technical teaching, an angular alignment is understood to mean, in particular, at least one angle by which the building plan coordinate system is rotated relative to the building plane coordinate system.

[0020] In the context of this technical teaching, a translational alignment is understood in particular to be a linear distance by which the building plan coordinate system is shifted relative to the construction plane coordinate system – or vice versa. In particular, the shift preferably relates to the origins of the coordinate systems.

[0021] The phrase "determining the orientation of the coordinate systems relative to each other" preferably means that the coordinate systems are aligned with each other, that is, in particular, that the determined displacement and / or rotation is corrected. Alternatively, a displacement, that is, the displacement and / or rotation, between the coordinate systems is preferably determined, whereby further processing, in particular the manufacturing of the component to be produced, is then carried out on the basis of the determined displacement; this means, in particular, that the determined displacement is taken into account during further processing, and especially that it is factored out.

[0022] Preferably, the measuring device has a plurality of second sensor devices, particularly if the manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of the component to be produced has a plurality of working beams. In particular, preferably each working beam is assigned a second sensor device, or each working beam is part of a second sensor device.

[0023] A module can be implemented in the measuring device, preferably in hardware or software. In particular, the functionality of a module can be implemented in the measuring device preferably in hardware and / or software. The module need not necessarily be a separate, physically or conceptually separable device or structure. A module can, in particular, comprise a plurality of sub-modules. In particular, a module is preferably a software unit.

[0024] In the context of this technical teaching, additive manufacturing refers in particular to the additive manufacturing of a component. Specifically, it is understood to mean the layer-by-layer construction of a component from powder material, and in particular a manufacturing process selected from the group consisting of selective laser sintering, selective laser melting, laser metal fusion (LMF), direct metal laser melting (DMLM), laser net shaping manufacturing (LNSM), and laser engineered net shaping (LENS). The additive manufacturing device is therefore specifically configured to carry out at least one of the aforementioned additive manufacturing processes.

[0025] According to a further development of the invention, the alignment module is configured to determine the angular alignment of the blueprint coordinate system relative to the construction plane coordinate system based on at least one detected area selected from a group consisting of the detected first detection area and the detected area of ​​interest. Additionally, the alignment module is configured to determine the translational alignment of the blueprint coordinate system relative to the construction plane coordinate system based on the detected area of ​​interest. In a preferred embodiment, at least the translational alignment of the blueprint coordinate system relative to the construction plane coordinate system is thus determined based on the detected area of ​​interest.The translational alignment can be determined with particularly high accuracy based on the captured area of ​​interest, as the second measurement accuracy is higher than the first. High measurement accuracy is especially advantageous for determining the translational alignment. In contrast, the angular alignment can optionally be determined either based on the captured area of ​​interest or on the first capture area. While high measurement accuracy is also advantageous for determining the angular alignment, the first, lower measurement accuracy may suffice for the required accuracy. In particular, since the angular alignment can be determined with high accuracy on a larger length scale, for example, based on the course of complete edges traversing the capture area, the angular alignment can also be determined based on the first capture area.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, in which both the angular alignment and the translational alignment are determined based on the detected area of ​​interest, the first detection area preferably serves essentially or even exclusively to select the at least one area of ​​interest, in particular to identify and select it.

[0027] According to a further development of the invention, the alignment module is configured to detect at least one position-determining feature of at least one preform arranged in the working area. The alignment module is also configured to define the geometric position of the at least one position-determining feature relative to at least one coordinate system, wherein the at least one coordinate system is selected from a group consisting of the build plane coordinate system and the design plan coordinate system. By detecting the position-determining feature and being able to define its position relative to at least one coordinate system, it is advantageously possible to determine the arrangement of the preform in the working area with high accuracy and thus, in turn, to build the additively manufactured area of ​​the component with high precision on the preform.Since the relative position of the coordinate systems to each other can be determined with high accuracy, the geometric position of the preform in both coordinate systems is known with high accuracy as soon as it is determined for one of the two coordinate systems.

[0028] Alternatively or additionally, the alignment module is configured to align the construction plan coordinate system relative to at least one position-defining feature. This represents a particularly simple design, as the position-defining feature can be captured very accurately. This involves an implicit alignment of the construction plan coordinate system with the construction plane coordinate system, which can be defined, in particular, by the position-defining feature. In this respect, the preform, preferably located in the work area and thus also in the construction plane, defines the construction plane coordinate system with its at least one position-defining feature.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, at least one position-determining feature is a bore in the preform that can be detected by the first sensor device and / or by the second sensor device. Such a bore can preferably be detected, in particular, by means of image recognition.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, at least one position-determining feature is an edge of the preform that can be detected by the first sensor device and / or by the second sensor device. Such an edge is understood to be, in particular, a machine-detectable edge, especially one detectable by means of an edge detection algorithm. Such edge detection enables the position of the preform to be determined in a very precise and, at the same time, cost-effective manner. In a preferred embodiment, the edge can, in particular, be the edge of a bore in the preform.

[0031] Alternatively or additionally, at least one positioning feature, preferably a marking, is provided on a surface of the preform. In this way, a very high accuracy in determining the position of the preform can also be achieved.

[0032] The surface of the preform on which the marking is arranged faces, in particular, the first sensor device and / or the second sensor device. Specifically, it is the top surface of the preform.

[0033] A marking on a surface of the preform preferably introduces at least one edge, which can then be detected by means of edge detection, in particular automatically.

[0034] According to a further development of the invention, the first sensor device is designed as an optical sensor device configured to capture an optical image of the first detection area. Preferably, the first sensor device comprises at least one camera. Preferably, the first sensor device, and in particular the at least one camera, is a component of a powder bed monitoring device of a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of a component from a powder material, in particular a powder bed camera. In this case, no additional components are advantageously required to provide the first sensor device. An optical sensor device can, in particular, have a geometric resolution of at least 30 µm to at most 500 µm, preferably at least 100 µm to at most 400 µm, preferably up to at most 300 µm, and preferably up to at most 200 µm.

[0035] According to a further development of the invention, the second sensor device is configured to control a scanner device for relocating an optical work beam of the additive manufacturing device within the working area. This enables the scanner to detect signal values ​​of electromagnetic radiation emanating from an interaction zone of the optical work beam within the working area in a location-dependent manner, with each location of relocation of the optical work beam within the working area being assigned a signal value. A map of the working area is then generated from these location-dependent signal values. Advantageously, such a second sensor device exhibits very high measurement accuracy. In particular, such a second sensor device can have high resolution and / or a very low, preferably even negligible, registration error.Furthermore, in a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of a component from a powder material, which utilizes an optical work beam for additive manufacturing, no complex additional devices are advantageously required to implement the second sensor device, since the scanner device for repositioning the optical work beam within the working area is already provided. Such a second sensor device can, in particular, have a geometric resolution of at least 10 µm to a maximum of 50 µm, preferably at least 20 µm to a maximum of 40 µm, and preferably up to a maximum of 30 µm.

[0036] An optical working beam is understood to be, in particular, directed electromagnetic radiation, continuous or pulsed, which, with regard to its wavelength or a wavelength range, is suitable for the additive manufacturing of a component from powder material, especially for sintering or melting the powder material. In particular, an optical working beam is understood to be a laser beam, which can be generated continuously or in pulses. The optical working beam preferably has a wavelength or a wavelength range in the visible electromagnetic spectrum or in the infrared electromagnetic spectrum, or in the overlap region between the infrared and visible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0037] An interaction area of ​​the optical working beam in the working area is understood in particular to be a local area of ​​the working area in which the optical working beam momentarily interacts with material arranged in the working area, in particular powder material.

[0038] In the context of the present technical teaching, the detection of electromagnetic radiation emanating from the interaction area is understood in particular to mean that electromagnetic radiation radiated from the interaction area, especially electromagnetic radiation emitted from the interaction area or electromagnetic radiation remitted from the interaction area, is detected.

[0039] Electromagnetic radiation emitted from the interaction area is understood to mean electromagnetic radiation which - regardless of a specific physical mechanism - emanates from the interaction area due to the irradiation of the optical working beam into the interaction area.

[0040] Electromagnetic radiation emitted from the interaction area is understood to mean electromagnetic radiation that is emitted in the interaction area due to the interaction with the optical working beam - in particular as thermal radiation or as luminescence, especially fluorescence or phosphorescence.

[0041] Electromagnetic radiation emitted from the interaction region is understood to mean electromagnetic radiation that is reflected and / or scattered, particularly by a surface within the interaction region. Here, "reflection" refers specifically to directional reflection, while "scattering" refers to diffuse reflection, especially as described by Lambert's law.

[0042] The signal values ​​are acquired point-by-point, particularly one-dimensionally, depending on location. Thus, each point of displacement of the optical working beam is preferably assigned exactly one signal value. Such a signal value is, in particular, a brightness value.

[0043] In contrast, a mapping of the work area is understood to be, in particular, a two-dimensional mapping of the work area, especially of at least one selected area of ​​interest within the work area. The mapping is obtained, in particular, by being composed of the location-dependent signal values, calculated, or otherwise generated.

[0044] Preferably, the optical beam used to capture the work area is operated with an optical output power that is lower than a lower power limit for the optical output power of the optical beam used in additive manufacturing. This prevents any alteration of the material located in the work area, whether powder material or a preform. The lower power limit is specifically chosen such that material changes, particularly sintering or melting, of the powder material of the additive manufacturing device only occur below or above this lower power limit, thus enabling additive manufacturing with the optical beam. Therefore, the optical output power of the optical beam is preferably chosen to be higher than the lower power limit for additive manufacturing.Thus, an operating mode for capturing at least one selected area of ​​interest on the one hand and an operating mode for additive manufacturing on the other hand are clearly separated with regard to the selected optical output power of the optical working beam.

[0045] In particular, the same optical working beam - except, if necessary, for the reduction of the optical output power - is used for both additive manufacturing and for capturing at least one selected area of ​​interest.

[0046] According to a preferred embodiment, the lower power limit is 100 W, preferably 90 W, preferably 85 W. For capturing the work area, the optical beam is preferably operated with an optical output power of at least 1 W to at most 99.9 W, preferably up to at most 89.9 W, preferably up to at most 84.9 W, and in particular from at least 2 W to at most 50 W. For additive manufacturing, the optical beam is preferably operated with an optical output power of at least 90 W, preferably at least 100 W, preferably more than 100 W, and preferably from at least 90 W to at most 500 W.

[0047] Edge detection is possible using the second sensor device, configured as described above, particularly based on sharp discontinuities in the location-dependent signal values. Specifically, the radiation pattern of the preform changes discontinuously at an edge. This also applies when the preform is surrounded by or embedded in powder material, namely the working powder of the additive manufacturing device, provided that a surface of the preform facing the scanner device is not covered by powder material. If the optical working beam crosses an edge of this surface, the radiation pattern changes, in particular, from strong scattering by the powder material to at least more directional reflection on the surface of the preform – or vice versa.The signal value typically exhibits a higher level, in particular a higher or lower brightness depending on the type of detection, when the light of the optical working beam is diffusely backscattered than when it is essentially reflected.

[0048] A working powder is understood to be a powder material which is used in or by the additive manufacturing device to produce a component from the powder material.

[0049] The process is particularly preferably carried out with a roughened surface of the preform, wherein the surface is particularly preferably sandblasted, corundum-blasted, or glass-bead blasted. In this way, the surface of the preform can exhibit matte, diffusely scattering optical properties, so that it does not simply appear dark—possibly with individual highlights—in the image of the working area, but rather is clearly visible. If the surface roughness is appropriately adjusted, excellent contrast is still achieved with any powder material that may be located in the vicinity of the surface. For example, it may also be possible to increase the signal value from the roughened surface above the level of the signal value of the scattering of the powder material.

[0050] According to a further development of the invention, the second sensor device comprises a detection device arranged on the optical axis of the optical working beam and is configured to acquire the signal value in a position-dependent manner by assigning an output signal of the detection device to a synchronous state of the scanner device in a time-dependent manner. Advantageously, in this case, the second sensor device exhibits no registration error, since the measurement takes place directly in the coordinate system of the optical working beam and thus in the machine coordinate system. Therefore, the second measurement accuracy can be higher than the first measurement accuracy even if the resolution of the second sensor device is lower than the resolution of the first sensor device. Preferably, however, the second sensor device also has a higher resolution than the first sensor device.

[0051] The acquisition of the signal values, in this case the output signal of the detection device, and the displacement of the optical working beam by corresponding control of the scanner device are performed synchronously, so that each signal value can be assigned a state of the scanner device and thus simultaneously a location in the working area. The state of the scanner device is, in particular, the position of at least one movable mirror of the scanner device, especially a galvanometric mirror, which in turn is assigned a location in the working area toward which the optical working beam is directed. The spatially resolved acquisition of the signal values ​​thus takes place directly in the coordinate system of the scanner device and therefore in the machine coordinate system.

[0052] Preferably, the second sensor device includes a deflecting mirror by which the optical working beam is deflected, wherein the reflectivity of the deflecting mirror is less than 100%, so that a portion of the electromagnetic radiation emitted along the optical axis passes through the deflecting mirror and falls upon the detection device arranged behind the deflecting mirror. Alternatively, it is also possible that the optical working beam is sent through the deflecting mirror, in which case the mirror has a transmissivity of less than 100%, wherein the detection device is arranged such that the emitted electromagnetic radiation is partially deflected by the deflecting mirror and directed to the detection device.

[0053] Furthermore, it is also preferably possible for the optical working beam to pass through an opening of a deflecting mirror, wherein the emitted electromagnetic radiation is at least partially deflected by the surface of the deflecting mirror surrounding the opening and directed to the detection device. In particular, a so-called scraper mirror can be used.

[0054] If the deflecting mirror is configured to deflect the optical working beam and to transmit the emitted electromagnetic radiation, it preferably has a reflectivity of at least 99% to at most 99.98%. If the deflecting mirror is configured to transmit the optical working beam and to reflect the emitted electromagnetic radiation, it preferably has a transmissivity of at least 99% to at most 99.98%.

[0055] Alternatively, a polarization beam splitter can be used instead of the deflecting mirror, in which case the optical working beam is preferably linearly polarized. The polarization is at least partially destroyed by the radiation in the interaction region, with the polarization direction perpendicular to the incident working beam then containing only the emitted signal. The polarization beam splitter thus preferably reflects the incident electromagnetic radiation of the optical working beam, which is linearly polarized with a specific polarization direction, and transmits the polarization direction perpendicular to that specific polarization direction – or vice versa.

[0056] Preferably, the detection device is designed as a photodiode or comprises at least one photodiode. A silicon photodiode is preferably used. The photodiode may be sensitive in the visible and / or infrared spectral range. Preferably, the sensitivity of the photodiode is matched to the wavelength range of the optical working beam. An infrared photodiode or a pyrometer diode may preferably be used.

[0057] Alternatively or additionally, the second sensor device includes a thermal imaging camera, which is arranged and configured to detect the work area. The second sensor device is configured to detect the signal value by capturing a thermal image with the thermal imaging camera, taking the signal into account as it is located at a specific position. In this case as well, the registration error of the second sensor device can be very small or even eliminated by advantageously deriving the respective position of the optical work beam from the captured thermal image. For this purpose, in a preferred embodiment, a predetermined intensity profile of the optical work beam, for example, a Gaussian profile, can be fitted to an intensity profile of the detected thermal radiation captured in the thermal image, whereby an instantaneous position of the optical work beam can be identified corresponding to a maximum of the predetermined intensity profile fitted to the captured intensity profile.In this way, a measurement with at most a very small error in the coordinate system of the optical working beam, and thus in the machine coordinate system, is possible. Even with this configuration, the second sensor device can therefore exhibit higher measurement accuracy than the first sensor device, even if its resolution is lower than that of the first sensor device; in particular, even if the resolution of the thermal imaging camera is lower than that of an optical camera of the first sensor device. Preferably, however, even with this configuration, the resolution of the second sensor device is higher than that of the first sensor device.

[0058] According to a further development of the invention, the selection module is configured to automatically select at least one area of ​​interest. This advantageously saves the operator of the measuring device from having to make a manual selection.

[0059] Alternatively or additionally, the selection module is configured to provide a user interface that allows a user of the measuring device to select at least one area of ​​interest. This advantageously gives the operator of the measuring device greater freedom in selecting the at least one area of ​​interest. Preferably, the measuring device includes the user interface.

[0060] According to a further development of the invention, the alignment module is configured to automatically determine at least one orientation of the construction plan coordinate system relative to the construction plane coordinate system, selected from a group consisting of angular and translational orientations. This advantageously saves the operator of the measuring device from having to manually determine the at least one orientation.

[0061] Alternatively or additionally, the alignment module is configured to provide a user interface that allows a user of the measuring device to select at least one alignment of the building plan coordinate system relative to the construction plane coordinate system, chosen from a group consisting of angular alignment and translational alignment. This advantageously allows the operator of the measuring device greater freedom in determining the at least one alignment. Preferably, the measuring device includes the user interface.

[0062] According to a further development of the invention, the measuring device includes a display module configured to calculate an overall representation of the at least one selected area of ​​interest within the first detection area. This overall representation advantageously allows both an overview of the first detection area and a detailed examination of the at least one area of ​​interest within the same representation.

[0063] In particular, the display module is preferably configured to calculate the overall display by overlaying a first display of the first detection area with a second display of the area of ​​interest. This represents a particularly simple and, in particular, computationally inefficient and therefore resource-saving design of the overall display. Preferably, the degree of overlay between the first and second displays is adjustable, preferably variably adjustable, and most preferably—and especially variably—predefinable by a user.

[0064] Alternatively or additionally, the display module is preferably configured to calculate the overall display by combining the first display of the first capture area with the second display of the area of ​​interest to create the overall display. This advantageously allows for a particularly precise representation of the area of ​​interest in the overall display.

[0065] According to a further development of the invention, the display module is configured to calculate an AR representation of the workspace such that the AR representation displays the entire view within the workspace, in particular an optical image of the workspace captured, especially in real time. An AR representation is understood to be a representation based on the principle of augmented reality (AR). The AR representation advantageously allows a user to view the entire view within the real workspace, particularly in real time.

[0066] Preferably, in the AR display, the overall representation is displayed in the workspace, particularly in the optical image of the workspace, by overlaying the overall representation with the workspace, especially with the optical image of the workspace. This represents a particularly simple and, in particular, computationally inefficient and therefore resource-saving design for generating the AR display.

[0067] According to a further development of the invention, the display module is configured to show at least one coordinate system selected from a group consisting of the construction plane coordinate system and the building plan coordinate system in the overall view or in the AR view. This advantageously allows a user to have a precise overview of the at least one coordinate system in the context of the overall view or the AR view.

[0068] Alternatively or additionally, the display module is set up to show irradiation vectors for the additive manufacturing of a component in the workspace, either in the overall view or in the AR view. This advantageously allows a user to view and, if necessary, directly manipulate the irradiation vectors.

[0069] An irradiation vector is understood to be, in particular, a continuous, preferably linear, displacement of the optical working beam within the working area over a specific distance with a specific displacement direction. The irradiation vector thus includes the direction or orientation of the displacement.

[0070] According to a further development of the invention, the alignment module is configured to link positional information along a coordinate extending perpendicular to the build plane with at least one coordinate system, wherein the at least one coordinate system is selected from a group consisting of the build plane coordinate system and the construction plan coordinate system. In this way, 3D height information can advantageously be linked with the at least one coordinate system. For example, a three-dimensional position of the preform in the working area can thus be determined, particularly for the purpose of adjustment or for determining the position of the preform relative to a substrate plate, and / or for establishing a zero height position. The positional information along the coordinate extending perpendicular to the build plane can advantageously be obtained, for example, by means of fringe projection or other suitable methods.

[0071] Other information can also be linked to the at least one coordinate system, alternatively or additionally, for example information about a surface texture, especially of the at least one preform.

[0072] According to a further development of the invention, the alignment module is configured to align a plurality of optical work beams of the manufacturing device relative to at least one coordinate system, wherein the at least one coordinate system is selected from a group consisting of the construction plane coordinate system and the blueprint coordinate system. In this way, several optical work beams can advantageously be aligned relative to the at least one coordinate system and thus simultaneously relative to each other, which increases the accuracy of the manufacturing of the component to be produced, particularly when the several optical work beams are used to manufacture the same component – ​​especially when manufacturing different areas of the same component.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment, it is also possible to fuse or combine a plurality of different sensor devices, in particular first and / or second sensor devices. In particular, different and / or identical sensor devices can be fused or combined. Specifically, it is possible to fuse a plurality of camera images from different cameras. It is also possible to fuse or combine a plurality of second sensor devices that use an optical working beam, especially if a mounting device containing the measuring device has a plurality of optical working beams. In particular, each optical working beam can be assigned to its own second sensor device. Advantageously, this also ensures the registration of the different optical working beams relative to each other.

[0074] The measuring device is preferably configured to carry out a method according to the invention described below or an embodiment of the method described below.

[0075] The problem is also solved by creating a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of a component from a powder material, which includes a beam device. The beam device is configured to generate at least one optical working beam in order to additively manufacture a component from a powder material using this at least one optical working beam. The manufacturing device also has a working area arranged in a build plane, which is configured for the additive manufacturing of a component from the powder material in the working area. Furthermore, the manufacturing device includes at least one scanner device, which is configured to move the at least one optical working beam within the working area.The manufacturing device includes a control unit that is operatively connected to and configured with the at least one scanner device to control the at least one scanner device for repositioning the at least one optical working beam within the working area. The manufacturing device includes a measuring device according to the invention or a measuring device according to one or more of the previously described embodiments. The advantages of the manufacturing device are particularly pronounced in connection with the measuring device, as already described in connection with the measuring device.

[0076] The selection module, the alignment module, and preferably the display module are preferably part of the control unit or implemented in the control unit. In particular, the functions of the selection module, the alignment module, and preferably the display module are preferably implemented in the control unit or are taken over by the control unit.

[0077] The manufacturing device is preferably configured to carry out a method according to the invention described below or an embodiment of the method described below.

[0078] In one embodiment, the beam device is configured to generate a plurality of optical work beams, and / or the manufacturing device comprises a plurality of beam devices for generating a plurality of optical work beams. It is possible that a plurality of associated scanner devices are provided for each plurality of optical work beams. However, it is also possible that the scanner device is configured to relocate a plurality of optical work beams—particularly independently of one another—within the work area. In particular, the scanner device can, for this purpose, comprise a plurality of separately controllable scanners, especially scanner mirrors.

[0079] The scanner device preferably comprises at least one scanner, in particular a galvanometer scanner, piezo scanner, polygon scanner, MEMS scanner, and / or a work head or processing head that can be moved relative to the working area. The scanner devices proposed here are particularly suitable for moving the optical work beam within the working area between a plurality of irradiation positions.

[0080] A work head or processing head that can be moved relative to the work area is understood here to be, in particular, an integrated component of the manufacturing device which has at least one radiation outlet for at least one optical work beam, wherein the integrated component, i.e., the work head, as a whole can be moved relative to the work area along at least one direction of movement, preferably along two perpendicular directions of movement. Such a work head can, in particular, be designed in a gantry configuration or be guided by a robot. In particular, the work head can be designed as the robot hand of a robot.

[0081] The control unit is preferably selected from a group consisting of a computer, in particular a personal computer (PC), a plug-in card or control card, and an FPGA board. In a preferred embodiment, the control unit is an RTC6 control card from SCANLAB GmbH, in particular in the configuration currently available on the date determining the priority date of this patent.

[0082] Preferably, the beam device is designed as a laser. The optical working beam is thus advantageously generated as an intense beam of coherent electromagnetic radiation, in particular coherent light. Irradiation in this context preferably means exposure.

[0083] The manufacturing device is preferably configured to carry out a process selected from the group consisting of selective laser sintering, selective laser melting, laser metal fusion (LMF), direct metal laser melting (DMLM), laser net shaping manufacturing (LNSM), and laser engineered net shaping (LENS). These configurations of the manufacturing device have proven to be particularly advantageous.

[0084] According to a further development of the invention, the manufacturing device includes an output device that is operatively connected to the measuring device, in particular to the display module, and is configured to output at least one representation calculated by the display module, selected from a group consisting of the overall representation and the AR representation. In a preferred embodiment, the output device is designed as a screen or monitor, head-up display, or as smart glasses, in particular 3D glasses.

[0085] The problem is ultimately solved by creating a method for operating a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of a component from a powder material, wherein a first detection area of ​​a working area of ​​the manufacturing device arranged in a build plane is detected with a first measurement accuracy. At least one area of ​​interest within the first detection area is selected. The at least one selected area of ​​interest is detected with a second measurement accuracy, wherein the second measurement accuracy is higher than the first measurement accuracy. Finally, at least one orientation of the design coordinate system relative to the build plane coordinate system is determined based on the detected area of ​​interest, wherein the at least one orientation is selected from a group consisting of an angular orientation and a translational orientation.The advantages associated with this method are particularly those already explained in connection with the measuring device and the manufacturing device.

[0086] Preferably, the method comprises at least one process step that has been previously explained explicitly or implicitly in connection with the measuring device or the manufacturing device.

[0087] According to a further development of the invention, the angular orientation of the building plan coordinate system relative to the construction plane coordinate system is determined based on at least one detected area selected from a group consisting of the detected first detection area and the detected area of ​​interest. The translational orientation of the building plan coordinate system relative to the construction plane coordinate system is determined based on the detected area of ​​interest.

[0088] According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that a geometric position of at least one preform in the build plane relative to at least one coordinate system is determined, wherein the at least one coordinate system is selected from a group consisting of the build plane coordinate system and the design plan coordinate system. A component is then preferably additively built up on the preform.

[0089] Preferably, at least one position-determining feature of the preform is identified, and the geometric position of the preform is determined by defining a geometric position of the at least one position-determining feature relative to at least one of the coordinate systems. Alternatively or additionally, the design coordinate system is preferably aligned relative to the at least one position-determining feature.

[0090] Preferably, the first sensor device is an optical sensor device configured to capture an optical image of the first detection area. Particularly preferably, at least one camera, especially a powder bed camera, is used as the first sensor device.

[0091] According to a preferred embodiment, the second sensor device is a sensor device configured to control a scanner device for relocating an optical work beam of the additive manufacturing device in the working area, wherein signal values ​​of electromagnetic radiation emanating from an interaction area of ​​the optical work beam in the working area are detected location-dependently, wherein a signal value is assigned to each location of the relocation of the optical work beam in the working area, and wherein an image of the working area is obtained from the location-dependently detected signal values.

[0092] Preferably, the signal values ​​are detected location-dependently by means of a detection device arranged on an optical axis of the optical working beam, preferably comprising at least one photodiode, by assigning an output signal of the detection device to a synchronous state of the scanner device in a time-dependent manner. Alternatively or additionally, the working area is preferably detected by a thermal imaging camera, wherein the signal values ​​are detected location-dependently by capturing a thermal image with the thermal imaging camera.

[0093] Preferably, at least one area of ​​interest is selected automatically. Alternatively or additionally, at least one area of ​​interest is selected by a user of the measuring device – in particular manually.

[0094] Preferably, at least one orientation of the building plan coordinate system relative to the building plane coordinate system, selected from the angular orientation and the translational orientation, is determined automatically. Alternatively or additionally, the at least one orientation is determined by a user of the measuring device – in particular manually.

[0095] Preferably, an overall representation of the area of ​​interest is calculated within the captured area, in particular by overlaying a second representation of the area of ​​interest onto a first representation of the captured area, and / or by combining the first representation of the captured area with the second representation of the area of ​​interest to create the overall representation.

[0096] Preferably, an AR representation of the work area is calculated in such a way that the AR representation displays the overall representation in the work area, in particular an optical recording of the work area, preferably by blending the overall representation with the work area, in particular with the optical recording of the work area.

[0097] Preferably, at least one coordinate system, selected from the construction plane coordinate system and the construction plan coordinate system, is displayed in the overall representation or in the AR representation. Alternatively or additionally, irradiation vectors for the additive manufacturing of a component in the work area are displayed in the AR representation or in the overall representation.

[0098] Preferably, positional information is linked along a coordinate extending perpendicular to the construction plane with at least one coordinate system selected from the construction plane coordinate system and the building plan coordinate system.

[0099] Preferably, a plurality of optical work rays of the manufacturing device are aligned relative to at least one coordinate system, selected from the construction plane coordinate system and the construction plan coordinate system.

[0100] A laser is preferably used as the beaming device.

[0101] Preferably, the component is manufactured using a process selected from a group consisting of selective laser sintering, selective laser melting, laser metal fusion (LMF), direct metal laser melting (DMLM), laser net shaping manufacturing (LNSM), and laser engineered net shaping (LENS).

[0102] Preferably, a metallic or ceramic powder can be used as the powder material.

[0103] The task will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. The drawing shows: Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of a component from a powder material with a first embodiment of a measuring device, and Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of a component from a powder material with a second embodiment of a measuring device.

[0104] Fig. 1 Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a manufacturing device 1 for the additive manufacturing of a component 3 from a powder material 4 with a first embodiment of a measuring device 5.

[0105] The manufacturing device 1 has a beam device 7 configured to generate at least one optical working beam 9. The manufacturing device 1 is also configured to additively manufacture the component 3 from the powder material 4 using the at least one optical working beam 9. The manufacturing device 1 also has a working area 13 arranged in a build plane 11, in which the component 3 can be additively manufactured from the powder material 4. Furthermore, the manufacturing device 1 has a scanner device 15 configured to relocate the at least one optical working beam 9 within the working area 13.The manufacturing device 1 also has a control device 17 which is operatively connected to and configured with the at least one scanner device 15 to control the at least one scanner device 15 for moving the at least one optical work beam 9 in the working area 13.

[0106] The manufacturing device 1 also includes the measuring device 5. This device is configured to align a blueprint coordinate system with a construction plane coordinate system of the work area 13. For this purpose, the measuring device 5 includes a first sensor device 19, which is configured to detect a first detection area 21 of the work area 13, in particular the entire work area 13, with a first measurement accuracy. The measuring device 5 includes a selection module 23, implemented in the control unit 17 in the embodiment shown here, which is configured to select at least one area of ​​interest 25, in particular as a second detection area 27, within the first detection area 21. Furthermore, the measuring device 5 includes a second sensor device 29, which is configured to detect the at least one selected area of ​​interest 25 with a second measurement accuracy.The second measurement accuracy is higher than the first measurement accuracy. The measuring device 5 also includes an alignment module 31, implemented in the control unit 17 in the embodiment shown here. This module is configured to determine at least one orientation of the blueprint coordinate system relative to the construction plane coordinate system, selected from an angular orientation and a translational orientation, based on the detected area of ​​interest 25. This enables, in particular, sensor fusion of the first sensor device 19 with the second sensor device 29, and preferably multiscale sensor fusion, especially on different length scales.

[0107] The alignment module 31 is preferably configured to determine the angular alignment of the building plan coordinate system relative to the building plane coordinate system based on at least one detected area selected from the detected first detection area 21 and the detected area of ​​interest 25, and to determine the translational alignment of the building plan coordinate system relative to the building plane coordinate system based on the detected area of ​​interest 25.

[0108] Preferably, the alignment module 31 is configured to detect at least one position-determining feature 33 of at least one preform 35 arranged in the working area 13, and to define a geometric position of the at least one position-determining feature 33 relative to at least one coordinate system selected from the construction plane coordinate system and the construction plan coordinate system. Alternatively or additionally, the alignment module 31 is configured to align the construction plan coordinate system relative to the at least one position-determining feature 33, wherein in this case the construction plan coordinate system is preferably implicitly aligned to the construction plane coordinate system defined by the position-determining feature.

[0109] Preferably, the first sensor device 19 is configured as an optical sensor device designed to take an optical image of the first detection area 21. Preferably, the first sensor device 19 includes a camera 37. Particularly preferably, the first sensor device 19 is configured as a powder bed camera.

[0110] Preferably, the second sensor device 29 is configured to control the scanner device 15 for the displacement of the optical working beam 9 in the working area 13, in order to detect signal values ​​of electromagnetic radiation 40 emanating from an interaction area 39 of the optical working beam 9 in the working area 13 in a location-dependent manner, wherein a signal value is assigned to each location of the displacement of the optical working beam 9 in the working area 13, and to obtain an image of the working area 13 from the location-dependently detected signal values.

[0111] In the first embodiment of the measuring device 5 shown here, the second sensor device 29 has a detection device 41 arranged on an optical axis A of the optical working beam 9, preferably comprising at least one photodiode. The second sensor device 29 is configured to detect the signal values ​​in a location-dependent manner by assigning an output signal of the detection device 41 to a synchronous state of the scanner device 15 in a time-dependent manner.

[0112] At the in Figure 1In the first embodiment shown, the second sensor device 29 has a deflecting mirror 42, over which the optical working beam 9 is deflected, wherein the reflectivity of the deflecting mirror 42 is less than 100%, so that a portion of the electromagnetic radiation 40 emitted along the optical axis A passes through the deflecting mirror 42 and falls onto the detection device 41 arranged behind the deflecting mirror 42.

[0113] The selection module 23 is preferably configured to automatically select at least one area of ​​interest 25. Alternatively or additionally, the measuring device 5, in particular the control unit 17, has a user interface 43 through which a user of the measuring device 5 can select at least one area of ​​interest 25.

[0114] The alignment module 31 is preferably configured to automatically determine at least one orientation, selected from the angular and translational orientations, of the building plan coordinate system relative to the construction plane coordinate system. Alternatively or additionally, the user interface 43 is preferably configured such that the user of the measuring device 5 can select at least one orientation via this interface.

[0115] Preferably, the measuring device 5 has a display module 45 which is configured to calculate an overall representation of the area of ​​interest 25 in the first detection area 21, in particular by blending a first representation of the first detection area 21 with a second representation of the area of ​​interest 25, and / or by combining the first representation of the first detection area 21 with the second representation of the area of ​​interest 25 to form the overall representation.

[0116] Preferably, the display module 45 is configured to calculate an AR display of the work area 13 such that the AR display shows the overall display in the work area 13, in particular an optical image of the work area 13, preferably recorded in real time, preferably by blending the overall display with the work area 13, in particular with the optical image of the work area 13.

[0117] Preferably, the display module 45 is configured to display at least one coordinate system, selected from the construction plane coordinate system and the construction plan coordinate system, in the overall display or in the AR display. Alternatively or additionally, the display module 45 is configured to display irradiation vectors for the additive manufacturing of component 3 in the work area 13 in the overall display or in the AR display.

[0118] The manufacturing device 1 preferably has an output device 47 which is operatively connected to the measuring device 5, in particular to the display module 45, here in particular to the control device 17, and is set up to output at least one representation calculated by the display module 45, selected from the overall representation and the AR representation.

[0119] Preferably, the alignment module 31 is configured to link position information along a coordinate extending perpendicular to the construction plane 11 with at least one coordinate system selected from the construction plane coordinate system and the building plan coordinate system.

[0120] Preferably, the alignment module 31 is configured to align a plurality of optical work rays 9 of the manufacturing device 1 relative to at least one coordinate system selected from the construction plane coordinate system and the construction plan coordinate system.

[0121] Fig. 2 Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the manufacturing device 1 for the additive manufacturing of a component 3 from a powder material 4 with a second embodiment of the measuring device 5.

[0122] Identical and functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference symbols in all figures, so that reference is made to the preceding description in each case.

[0123] In the second embodiment of the measuring device 5, the second sensor device 29 has a thermal imaging camera 49, which is arranged and configured to detect the working area 13, wherein the second sensor device 29 is configured to detect the signal values ​​by taking a thermal image with the thermal imaging camera 49 in a location-dependent manner.

[0124] In a preferred embodiment of a method for operating the manufacturing device 1, a first detection area 21 is detected with a first measurement accuracy. The at least one area of ​​interest 25 is selected within the first detection area 21, and the at least one selected area of ​​interest 25 is detected with a second measurement accuracy, wherein the second measurement accuracy is higher than the first measurement accuracy. At least one orientation of the blueprint coordinate system relative to the construction plane coordinate system, selected from the angular orientation and the translational orientation, is determined based on the detected area of ​​interest 25.

[0125] Preferably, the angular alignment is determined based on at least one detected area, selected from the detected first detection area 21 and the detected area of ​​interest 25, while the translational alignment is determined based on the detected area of ​​interest 25.

[0126] Preferably, a geometric position of the at least one preform 35 in the building plane 11 relative to at least one coordinate system, selected from the building plane coordinate system and the construction plan coordinate system, is determined, and the component 3 is additively built up on the preform 35.

Claims

1. A measuring device (5) for aligning a construction plan coordinate system with a construction plane coordinate system of a working area (13) of a generative manufacturing device (1) arranged in a construction plane (11), with - a first sensor device (19) that is configured to detect a first detection area (21) of the working area (13) with a first measuring accuracy, - a selection module (23) configured to select at least one area of interest (25) within the first detection area (21), - a second sensor device (29) that is configured to detect the at least one selected area of interest (25) with a second measuring accuracy, wherein the second measuring accuracy is higher than the first measuring accuracy, and with - an alignment module (31) configured to determine at least one alignment of the construction plan coordinate system relative to the construction plane coordinate system, selected from an angular alignment and a translational alignment, based on the detected area of interest (25).

2. The measuring device (5) according to claim 1, wherein the alignment module (31) is configured to determine the angular alignment of the construction plan coordinate system relative to the construction plane coordinate system based on at least one detected area selected from the detected first detection area (21) and the detected area of interest (25), and to determine the translational alignment of the construction plan coordinate system relative to the construction plane coordinate system based on the detected area of interest (25).

3. The measuring device (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the alignment module (31) is configured to detect at least one orientation feature (33) of at least one preform (35) arranged in the working area (13), and to - determine a geometric position of the at least one orientation feature (33) relative to at least one coordinate system selected from the construction plane coordinate system and the construction plan coordinate system, and / or - to align the construction plan coordinate system relative to the at least one orientation feature (33).

4. The measuring device (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first sensor device (19) is designed as an optical sensor device that is configured to record an optical image of the first detection area (21), wherein the first sensor device (19) preferably has at least one camera (37).

5. The measuring device (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second sensor device (29) is configured to - control a scanner device (15) for shifting an optical working beam (9) of the generative manufacturing device (1) in the working area (13), - detect signal values of electromagnetic radiation (40) emanating from an interaction area (39) of the optical working beam (9) in the working area (13) depending on location, wherein a signal value is assigned to each location of the displacement of the optical working beam (9) in the working area (13), and to - to obtain an image of the working area (13) from the signal values recorded at specific locations.

6. The measuring device (5) according to claim 5, wherein the second sensor device (29) - has a detection device (41) arranged on an optical axis (A) of the optical working beam (9) and is configured to record the signal value depending on the location by assigning an output signal of the detection device (41) to a synchronous state of the scanner device (15) depending on time, and / or - has a thermal imaging camera (49) that is arranged and configured to detect the working area (13), wherein the second sensor device (29) is configured to detect the signal value depending on the location by capturing a thermal image with the thermal imaging camera (49).

7. The measuring device (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the selection module (23) is configured to - automatically select at least one area of interest (25), and / or - provide a user interface (43) that enables a user of the measuring device (5) to select at least one area of interest (25).

8. The measuring device (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the alignment module (31) is configured to - automatically determine at least one alignment, selected from the angular alignment and the translational alignment, of the construction plan coordinate system relative to the construction plane coordinate system, and / or - provide a user interface (43) that enables at least one alignment, selected from the angular alignment and the translational alignment, of the construction plan coordinate system relative to the construction plane coordinate system by a user of the measuring device (5).

9. The measuring device (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the measuring device (5) comprises a representation module (45) that is configured to calculate an overall representation of the area of interest (25) in the first detection area (21), in particular by - superimposing a first representation of the first detection area (21) with a second representation of the area of interest (25) and / or - offsetting the first representation of the first detection area (21) against the second representation of the area of interest (25) to produce the overall representation.

10. The measuring device (5) according to claim 9, wherein the representation module (45) is configured to calculate an AR representation of the working area (13) in such a way that the overall representation is displayed in the working area (13) in the AR representation, preferably by superimposing the overall representation onto the working area (13).

11. The measuring device (5) according to any one of claims 9 or 10, wherein the representation module (45) is configured to display in the overall presentation or in the AR presentation - at least one coordinate system selected from the construction plane coordinate system and the construction plan coordinate system, and / or - irradiation vectors for the generative manufacturing of a component (3) in the working area (13).

12. The measuring device (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the alignment module (31) is configured to link position information along a coordinate extending perpendicular to the construction plane (11) with at least one coordinate system selected from the construction plane coordinate system and the construction plan coordinate system.

13. The measuring device (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the alignment module (31) is configured to align a plurality of optical working beams (9) of the manufacturing device (1) relative to at least one coordinate system selected from the construction plane coordinate system and the construction plan coordinate system.

14. A manufacturing device (1) for the generative manufacturing of a component (3) from a powder material (4), with - a beam device (7) that is configured to generate at least one optical working beam (9) in order to generatively manufacture a component (3) from a powder material (4) using the at least one optical working beam (9), - a working area (13) arranged in a construction plane (11), which is configured for the generative manufacturing of a component (3) from the powder material (4) in the working area (13), - at least one scanner device (15) that is configured to move the at least one optical working beam in the working area (13), with - a control device (17) which is operatively connected to the at least one scanner device (15) and is configured to control the at least one scanner device (15) to move the at least one optical working beam (9) in the working area (13), and with - a measuring device (5) according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. The manufacturing device (1) according to claim 14, wherein the manufacturing device (1) has an output device (47) that is operatively connected to the measuring device (5), in particular with the representation module (45), and is configured to output at least one representation calculated by the representation module (45), selected from the overall representation and the AR representation.