HEAT TREATMENT SYSTEM FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of heat transfer fluid loops operating with a refrigerant fluid loop. The subject of the invention is a heat treatment system comprising at least two heat transfer fluid circuits and a refrigerant fluid loop.

[0002] Such a heat treatment system is known from document US 2019 / 263223 A1.

[0003] A refrigerant loop is generally associated with a ventilation, heating and / or air conditioning system for a vehicle interior to thermally treat an air flow from outside the vehicle heading towards the passenger compartment. Indeed, such a loop allows, using changes in state of the refrigerant, to heat and / or cool the air flow sent inside the ventilation, heating and / or air conditioning system.

[0004] In another application of this refrigerant loop, it is known to use it to cool an electrical storage device of the vehicle, the latter being used to supply energy to an electric motor capable of moving the vehicle. The refrigerant loop thus provides the energy capable of cooling the electrical storage device during its use in driving phases. The refrigerant loop is thus sized to cool this electrical storage device.

[0005] During operation, the refrigerant loop can be subjected to high stresses which bring it to the limits of its capacities.

[0006] This is particularly the case when the electrical storage device is used in a way that causes significant heating of the device, for example during a rapid charging phase of the storage device. Rapid charging consists of charging the electrical storage device under high voltage and amperage so as to charge the electrical storage device in a short time of a few tens of minutes. This rapid charging involves heating of the electrical storage device which must be addressed.

[0007] Furthermore, during a fast charging phase, it may be necessary to maintain an acceptable level of thermal comfort inside the passenger compartment, i.e. the refrigerant loop may have to simultaneously provide thermal treatment of the passenger compartment and thermal treatment of the storage device. Such operation of the refrigerant loop may be observed either because the vehicle occupants remain inside the vehicle for all or part of the charging time mentioned above, or to anticipate the return of these occupants and avoid any thermal inconvenience. These two cooling demands imply a performance of the treatment system which requires a sizing of the system which makes it incompatible with the constraints of current motor vehicles, in particular vehicles powered by an electric motor.

[0008] In order to optimize the performance of the refrigerant circuit, it is known to integrate at least one heat exchanger configured to allow subcooling of the refrigerant by heat exchange with a heat transfer fluid circulating in a heat transfer fluid circuit. Conventional architectures of such a heat transfer fluid circuit conventionally comprise at least one radiator configured to implement a heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and an interior air flow intended to be sent into the passenger compartment.

[0009] A disadvantage of such architectures lies in the fact that, by sending the interior air flow into the closed and restricted environment of the passenger compartment, the thermal treatment system is subject to constraints which limit its capacities and more particularly its capacity to sub-cool the refrigerant fluid after its condensation phase.

[0010] The present invention falls within this context and aims to improve the performance, in particular the sub-cooling performance, of the thermal treatment system which is configured to dissipate the calories generated by the electrical storage device when it is subjected to high stresses, for example during a rapid charging phase, and to cool the passenger compartment, while limiting the consumption and / or the size of a system capable of simultaneously fulfilling these two functions.

[0011] The present invention relates to a heat treatment system for a vehicle comprising at least one refrigerant fluid loop, a first heat transfer fluid circuit and a second heat transfer fluid circuit, according to all the characteristics of claim 1.

[0012] The refrigerant loop of the heat treatment system according to the invention is configured to be able to ensure, depending on demand, the heating or cooling of the interior air flow before sending it into the passenger compartment. In particular, depending on the operating mode of the circuit of the heat treatment system according to the invention, the first heat exchanger can be configured to operate as a condenser or as an evaporator with respect to the refrigerant.

[0013] In the second heat transfer fluid circuit, the secondary radiator is arranged upstream of the second heat exchanger in a direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the second heat transfer fluid circuit, the second heat exchanger being configured to be able to ensure the subcooling of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant loop after its condensation phase. This condensation phase is carried out within the first heat exchanger, by transferring the calories from the refrigerant to the heat transfer fluid of the first circuit, then by discharging these calories into the outside air flow via the primary radiator.

[0014] By "subcooling" is meant the lowering of the temperature of the refrigerant fluid below its condensation temperature. Indeed, in the present invention, the calories released by the heat transfer fluid circulating at the secondary radiator of the second refrigerant circuit advantageously allow the cooling of this heat transfer fluid to a temperature suitable for subcooling the refrigerant fluid circulating in the second heat exchanger. Such an arrangement contributes in particular to improving the thermal efficiency of the heat treatment system. In particular, such subcooling is implemented when the refrigerant circuit operates in passenger compartment cooling mode, that is to say when the refrigerant fluid is first condensed in the first heat exchanger and then brought to the liquid state in the second heat exchanger.

[0015] Alternatively, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger may be combined to form a single twin heat exchanger.

[0016] According to the invention, the refrigerant fluid loop is a closed loop which comprises at least one main branch on which are successively arranged at least one compression device, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, at least one expansion member, called the primary expansion member, and at least the third heat exchanger.

[0017] It is understood that the term "primary" is here associated with the arrangement of the primary expansion member on the main branch of the refrigerant loop and not with any hierarchy of components of the heat treatment system. Similarly, the qualifiers "first", "second" are intended to distinguish similar elements of said system.

[0018] For example, the primary expansion device may be an electronically or thermostatically controlled expansion valve.

[0019] According to the invention, the refrigerant fluid loop comprises a bottle and / or an additional expansion member arranged between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.

[0020] According to the invention, the refrigerant fluid loop comprises a secondary branch which extends from a first point of divergence, arranged between the second heat exchanger and the primary expansion member, and a first point of convergence arranged between the third heat exchanger and the compression device, the secondary branch comprising at least one secondary expansion member and a fourth heat exchanger thermally coupled to an electrical storage device of the vehicle.

[0021] “Thermal coupled” means that the fourth heat exchanger is configured to capture the calories from the heat transfer fluid circulating in a third heat transfer fluid circuit comprising the electrical storage device so as to ensure the cooling of the latter.

[0022] The term "secondary" is here associated with the location of the so-called "secondary" element(s) on the secondary branch of the circuit. The secondary branch may allow, depending on the operating mode implemented by the refrigerant loop, to bypass the third heat exchanger and to send the refrigerant leaving the second heat exchanger to the fourth heat exchanger without the refrigerant circulating through the second heat exchanger. This bypass may in particular be carried out when the heat treatment system operates in heating mode, that is to say when it is necessary to send a flow of hot air into the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

[0023] According to the invention, the second heat transfer fluid circuit may comprise at least a first pipe comprising at least the secondary radiator, an element for circulating the heat transfer fluid in the second circuit and the second heat exchanger, the second heat transfer fluid circuit comprising at least a second pipe branching off from the first pipe, the second pipe comprising a heat exchanger thermally coupled to at least one element of the electric powertrain of the vehicle.

[0024] For example, the circulation element may consist of a pump.

[0025] As previously stated, “thermally coupled” means that the second heat exchanger is configured to capture the calories from the heat transfer fluid circulating in the second fluid circuit so as to ensure the cooling of the latter.

[0026] For example, the second pipe may diverge and converge from the first pipe on either side of the secondary radiator respectively. In order to control the circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the first pipe and / or in the second pipe, the second heat transfer fluid circuit may comprise at least one element for regulating the flow rate of heat transfer fluid, for example a three-way valve.

[0027] Alternatively, the second heat transfer fluid circuit may comprise at least two elements for regulating the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid, such as two-way valves, respectively arranged in the first pipe and the second pipe.

[0028] According to the invention, the first heat transfer fluid circuit comprises at least a first line on which are arranged at least the primary radiator, the first heat exchanger and a member for circulating the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit.

[0029] For example, the device for circulating the heat transfer fluid may consist of a pump.

[0030] According to a first embodiment and a second embodiment of the present invention, the first heat transfer fluid circuit and the second heat transfer fluid circuit are distinct.

[0031] By "distinct" is meant that the first heat transfer fluid circuit and the second heat transfer fluid circuit are not interconnected, the first heat transfer fluid circuit and the second heat transfer fluid circuit being two closed circuits independent of each other.

[0032] According to this first embodiment and this second embodiment of the present invention, the first heat transfer fluid circuit comprises at least one bypass line which comprises an air heater configured to implement a heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and the interior air flow sent into the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the bypass line extending between a separation point and a junction point, the separation point being downstream of the first heat exchanger in the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit and the separation point being arranged between the first heat exchanger and the primary radiator, the junction point being upstream of the first heat exchanger in the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit and the junction point being arranged between the primary radiator and the first heat exchanger.

[0033] In order to control the circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the first line and / or in the bypass line, the first heat transfer fluid circuit may comprise at least one means for regulating the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid. For example, the first heat transfer fluid circuit may comprise a three-way valve arranged at the separation point or the junction point. Alternatively, the first heat transfer fluid circuit may comprise a plurality of flow rate regulating means, for example two-way valves, arranged on the first line and the bypass line.

[0034] The bypass line allows in particular the circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the air heater, either in order to bypass the primary radiator, or in combination with said primary radiator.

[0035] According to a third embodiment and a fourth embodiment, the first heat transfer fluid circuit and the second heat transfer fluid circuit are interconnected.

[0036] By "interconnected" is meant that the first heat transfer fluid circuit and the second heat transfer fluid circuit are fluidically connected to each other, so that the heat transfer fluid circulating within them can successively circulate in one of the lines of the first heat transfer fluid circuit and in one of the pipes of the second heat transfer fluid circuit.

[0037] According to this third embodiment and this fourth embodiment, the first heat transfer fluid circuit comprises at least one bypass line comprising an air heater configured to implement a heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and the interior air flow sent into the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the bypass line extending between a separation point and a junction point, the separation point being downstream of the first heat exchanger in the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit and the separation point being arranged between the first heat exchanger and the primary radiator, the junction point being arranged on the second heat transfer fluid circuit, upstream of the second heat exchanger in the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the second heat transfer fluid circuit, the junction point being arranged between the secondary radiator and the second heat exchanger.

[0038] In other words, in the third and fourth embodiments, the bypass line of the first heat transfer fluid circuit brings the heat transfer fluid leaving the air heater to the first pipe of the second heat transfer fluid circuit, upstream of the second heat exchanger in the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid in this same first pipe.

[0039] Additionally, the bypass line may include at least one device for electrically heating the heat transfer fluid.

[0040] According to this third embodiment and this fourth embodiment, the second heat transfer fluid circuit extends between a bifurcation point and a connection point, the connection point being arranged on the first heat transfer fluid circuit, upstream of the first heat exchanger in the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit, the connection point being arranged between the primary radiator and the first heat exchanger, and the bifurcation point being arranged on the first heat transfer fluid circuit either upstream of the primary radiator in the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit, the bifurcation point being arranged between the first heat exchanger and the primary radiator, or downstream of the primary radiator in the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit,the bifurcation point being arranged between the primary radiator and the first heat exchanger.,

[0041] Thus, in the third embodiment, the bifurcation point is arranged on the first heat transfer fluid circuit upstream of the primary radiator according to the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit. In such an architecture, the heat transfer fluid can simultaneously circulate through the primary radiator and / or the secondary radiator. In particular, when a portion of the heat transfer fluid is sent through the primary radiator and the other portion is sent into the second heat transfer fluid circuit, towards the secondary radiator, the heat transfer fluid circulates in said radiators according to the same direction of circulation.

[0042] Conversely, in the fourth embodiment, the bifurcation point is arranged on the first heat transfer fluid circuit downstream of the primary radiator according to the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit. In such an architecture, at least a portion of the heat transfer fluid circulates successively through the primary radiator then the secondary radiator.

[0043] According to this third mode and this fourth embodiment, the treatment system comprises at least one heat transfer fluid flow regulating member arranged at the bifurcation point or at the connection point.

[0044] For example, the heat transfer fluid flow regulating member may be a three-way valve. It is understood that these heat transfer fluid flow regulating members make it possible to selectively direct the heat transfer fluid towards the primary radiator, included in the first heat transfer fluid circuit, and / or towards the secondary radiator, included in the second heat transfer fluid circuit.

[0045] According to the invention, the heat treatment system may further comprise an internal heat exchanger arranged between two distinct portions of the refrigerant loop, in particular between a first portion of the refrigerant loop, comprised between the compression device and the primary expansion member, downstream of the compression device and at which the refrigerant has a high pressure, and a second portion of the refrigerant loop, comprised between the primary expansion member and the compression device, downstream of the expansion member and in which the refrigerant has a low pressure.

[0046] Advantageously, this internal heat exchanger makes it possible on the one hand to heat the refrigerant fluid upstream of the compression device so that this refrigerant fluid is exclusively, or almost exclusively, in gaseous form when it reaches an inlet of the compression device and on the other hand to cool the refrigerant fluid upstream of the primary expansion member so that the pressure drop operated by this expansion member is facilitated.

[0047] An object of the present invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising at least one heat treatment system as previously described.

[0048] Other characteristics, details and advantages will emerge more clearly on reading the detailed description given below for information purposes in relation to the various examples of embodiments illustrated in the following figures: There figure 1 is a partial simplified schematic representation of a heat treatment system produced according to a first embodiment or a second embodiment; The figure 2 schematically illustrates the heat treatment system according to the first embodiment; The figure 3 schematically illustrates a first example of operation of the heat treatment system according to the first embodiment shown in the figure 2 in which the refrigerant circuit operates in passenger compartment cooling mode; The figure 4 schematically illustrates a second example of operation of the heat treatment system according to the first embodiment shown in the figure 2 in which the refrigerant circuit operates in passenger compartment cooling mode and cooling of an electrical storage device of the vehicle; The figure 5 schematically illustrates a third example of operation of the heat treatment system according to the first embodiment shown in the figure 2 in which the refrigerant circuit operates in passenger compartment heating and heat recovery mode; The figure 6 schematically illustrates the heat treatment system according to the second embodiment; The figure 7 schematically illustrates a first example of operation of the heat treatment system according to the second embodiment shown in the figure 6 in which the refrigerant circuit operates in passenger compartment heating and heat recovery mode; The figure 8 is a partial simplified schematic representation of a heat treatment system produced according to a second embodiment or a third embodiment; The figure 9 schematically illustrates the heat treatment system according to the third embodiment; The figure 10 schematically illustrates a first example of operation of the heat treatment system according to the third embodiment shown in the figure 9 in which the refrigerant circuit operates in passenger compartment cooling mode; The figure 11 schematically illustrates a second example of operation of the heat treatment system according to the third embodiment shown in the figure 9 in which the refrigerant circuit operates in passenger compartment cooling mode and cooling of the vehicle's electrical storage device; The figure 12 schematically illustrates a third example of operation of the heat treatment system according to the third embodiment shown in the figure 9 in which the refrigerant circuit operates in passenger compartment heating mode; The figure 13 schematically illustrates the heat treatment system according to the fourth embodiment; The figure 14 schematically illustrates a first example of operation of the heat treatment system according to the fourth embodiment shown in the figure 13 in which the refrigerant circuit operates in passenger compartment cooling mode.

[0049] There figure 1 and the figure 2 schematically illustrate a heat treatment system 1 for several functions of a motor vehicle, including at least one ventilation, heating and / or air conditioning system for the passenger compartment, an electrical storage device and at least one element of an electric powertrain of the vehicle. The figure 1 partly represents the heat treatment system 1, while the figure 2 represents the entire heat treatment system 1 when it is produced according to a first embodiment.

[0050] The heat treatment system 1 comprises a refrigerant loop 2, which is intended in particular for the heat treatment of a vehicle interior, a first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and a second heat transfer fluid circuit 4. The heat transfer fluid is in particular a heat transfer liquid such as glycolated water.

[0051] Throughout the description, the terms "upstream", "downstream", "inlet" and "outlet" refer to a direction of circulation S1 of the refrigerant fluid in the refrigerant loop 2, to a direction of circulation S2 of the heat transfer fluid in the first circuit 3 of heat transfer fluid, to a direction of circulation S3 of the heat transfer fluid in the second circuit 4 of heat transfer fluid or to a direction of circulation S4 of an outside air flow FA1 to the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

[0052] The refrigerant fluid loop 2 successively comprises, according to the direction of circulation S1 of the refrigerant fluid in the refrigerant fluid loop 2, a compression device 20, a first heat exchanger 21 and a second heat exchanger 22, the first heat exchanger 21 and the second heat exchanger 22 being configured to implement a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid and the heat transfer fluid circulating in one and the other of the heat transfer fluid circuits of the heat treatment system 1.

[0053] In the present invention, the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 comprises the first heat exchanger 21 while the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 comprises the second heat exchanger 22.

[0054] The first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 also comprises at least one primary radiator 30, configured to implement a heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and the flow of air outside FA1 to the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the primary radiator 30 being arranged downstream of the first heat exchanger 21 in the direction of circulation S2 of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3. Advantageously, the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 may comprise a member 31 for circulating the heat transfer fluid, for example a pump.

[0055] The second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 further comprises at least one secondary radiator 40 configured to implement a heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and the flow of air outside FA1 to the passenger compartment, the secondary radiator 40 being arranged upstream of the second heat exchanger 22 in the direction of circulation S3 of the heat transfer fluid in the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4.

[0056] The second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 comprises at least one element 41 for circulating the refrigerant fluid in the second circuit, for example a pump.

[0057] Within the heat treatment system 1, the primary radiator 30 and the secondary radiator 40 are exposed to the flow of air outside FA1 to the passenger compartment, the primary radiator 30 being arranged downstream of the secondary radiator 40 in the direction of circulation S4 of the flow of air outside FA1 through said radiators 30, 40. It is therefore understood that the secondary radiator 40 is crossed by the flow of air outside FA1 to the passenger compartment before the latter crosses the primary radiator 30. Advantageously, the primary radiator 30 and the secondary radiator 40 are arranged on the front face of the vehicle, but they could also be installed on a roof of the vehicle, in a rear wing and generally in all areas of the vehicle which can be swept by the flow of air outside FA1.

[0058] There figure 2 represents the heat treatment system 1 in its entirety.

[0059] The refrigerant fluid loop 2 consists of a closed loop which comprises at least one main branch 200 on which are arranged the compression device 20, intended to raise the pressure of the refrigerant fluid, the first heat exchanger 21, the second heat exchanger 22, at least one expansion member, called primary expansion member 23, intended to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant fluid, and at least one third heat exchanger 24, intended to thermally treat an interior air flow FA2, distinct from the exterior air flow FA1, and which is intended to be sent into the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

[0060] Advantageously, depending on the operating mode implemented by the heat treatment system 1, the second heat exchanger 22 can be used as a subcooler or as a condenser as required. The second heat exchanger 22 is arranged between the first heat exchanger 21 and the primary expansion member 23, downstream of the first heat exchanger 21 in the direction of circulation S1 of the refrigerant fluid in the refrigerant loop 2. It should be noted that the different fluids circulating in the second heat exchanger 22 do not mix and that the heat exchange between these two fluids is done by conduction.

[0061] The refrigerant fluid loop 2 thus comprises a first portion 201, between the compression device 20 and the primary expansion member 23, in which the refrigerant fluid is subjected to a high pressure, and a second portion 202, between the primary expansion member 23 and the compression device 20, in which the refrigerant fluid is subjected to a low pressure, lower than the high pressure.

[0062] Advantageously, the refrigerant loop 2 comprises an internal heat exchanger 5. This internal heat exchanger 5 makes it possible to recover calories from the refrigerant circulating in the first portion 201 to exchange them with the refrigerant circulating at another point in the refrigerant loop 2, in particular at the level of the second portion 202. The internal heat exchanger 5 contributes to reducing the power consumed by the compression device 20 and overall increasing the coefficient of performance of the refrigerant circuit.

[0063] For example, a first part 51 of the internal heat exchanger 5 may be arranged on a first tube 203, called high pressure and high temperature, of the main branch 200 of the refrigerant loop 2 while a second part 52 of the internal heat exchanger 5 is arranged at the level of a second tube 204 of the main branch 200, called low pressure and low temperature. The refrigerant at low temperature being colder than the refrigerant at higher pressure, it is understood that the internal heat exchanger 5 allows an exchange of heat between its two parts 51, 52 and therefore between the two tubes 203, 204 of the refrigerant loop 2 on which these parts 51, 52 are arranged.

[0064] In the illustrated example, the first part 51 of the internal heat exchanger 5 is arranged between the second heat exchanger 22 and the primary expansion member 23 and the second part 52 of this internal heat exchanger 5 is arranged between the third heat exchanger 24 and the compression device 20. The internal heat exchanger 5 allows the refrigerant fluid to be heated upstream of the compression device 20 so that this refrigerant fluid arrives in this compression device 20 in the gaseous state. In all the figures of this document, the heat exchange implemented between the first part 51 of the internal heat exchanger 5 and the second part 52 of the internal heat exchanger 5 is schematically represented by the dotted line 500.

[0065] The main branch 200 of the refrigerant circuit may also comprise an accumulation device 25 arranged between the third heat exchanger 24 and the second part 52 of the internal heat exchanger 5, upstream of the compression device 20. The accumulation device 25 makes it possible to accumulate a liquid phase of the refrigerant so as to guarantee that only a gaseous phase of the refrigerant flows towards the compression device 20. Also, the accumulation device 25 makes it possible to manage the quantity of refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant loop 2.

[0066] The refrigerant fluid loop 2 comprises a secondary branch 220 which diverges from the main branch 200 at a point of divergence 221, located between the second heat exchanger 22 and the primary expansion member 23, and which joins the main branch 200 at a point of convergence 222 located between the third heat exchanger 24 and the compression device 20.

[0067] The secondary branch 220 successively comprises, according to the direction of circulation S1 of the refrigerant fluid in the refrigerant loop 2, a secondary expansion member 29 and a fourth heat exchanger 27 thermally coupled to an electrical storage device 6 of the vehicle configured to electrically supply at least one element of the electric powertrain of said vehicle. In particular, the electrical storage device 6 is included on a third heat transfer fluid circuit 8, which further comprises at least one circulator 81 intended to circulate the heat transfer fluid.

[0068] The fourth heat exchanger 27 is thus arranged in parallel with the third heat exchanger 24, from the point of view of the refrigerant fluid. It is understood that the fourth heat exchanger 27 is configured to implement a heat exchange between the refrigerant fluid circulating in the secondary branch 220 and the heat transfer fluid circulating in the third heat transfer fluid circuit 8.

[0069] Additionally, the refrigerant loop 2 may comprise a bottle 26 and / or an additional expansion member, not shown, arranged between the first heat exchanger 21 and the second heat exchanger 22. According to the first embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerant loop 2 comprises at least one bottle 26 installed between the first heat exchanger 21 and the second heat exchanger 22.

[0070] In the first embodiment as illustrated in figures 1 And 2, the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 consists of a closed circuit which comprises a first line 310 on which are successively arranged, according to the direction of circulation S2 of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3, at least the heat transfer fluid circulation member 31, the first heat exchanger 21 and the primary radiator 30.

[0071] The first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 further comprises a bypass line 320 which diverges from the first line 310 at a separation point 321 between the first heat exchanger 21 and the primary radiator 30 and which joins it at a junction point 322 located between the primary radiator 30 and the heat transfer fluid circulation member 31. In addition, the bypass line 320 comprises an air heater 32 configured to implement a heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and the interior air flow FA2 sent into the passenger compartment.

[0072] In the present invention, the air heater 32 of the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and the third heat exchanger 24 are also included in an installation 9 for air conditioning, heating and / or ventilation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle. As schematically represented, said installation 9 comprises at least one housing 91 for air conditioning, heating and / or ventilation, or housing 91, made of a heat-resistant synthetic material, in which the air heater 32 and the second heat exchanger 22 are arranged. The housing 91 comprises at least one inlet vent 92, intended to bring the interior air flow FA2 into the housing 91, and a plurality of outlet vents 93, intended to send the interior air flow FA2 thermally treated by the installation 9 to different zones of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.The installation 9 also comprises at least one fan 94 and a plurality of flaps and / or dampers 95 intended to direct the interior air flow FA2 within the housing 91, for example so that it passes through the air heater 32 or not, and into the different outlet nozzles 93.

[0073] Additionally, the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 may comprise at least one electric heating device 33 for the heat transfer fluid arranged upstream of the air heater 32 in the direction of circulation S2 of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3.

[0074] In other words, the bypass line 320 ensures the bypass of the primary radiator 30. In order to control the circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the first line 310 and / or in the bypass line 320, the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 comprises at least one means for regulating the flow rate 34 of heat transfer fluid. By way of example and as illustrated, the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 may comprise two two-way valves, a first valve 341 being arranged on the bypass line 320, between the first heat exchanger 21 and the electric heating device 33 of the heat transfer fluid, and a second valve 342 being arranged on the first line 310, between the first heat exchanger 21 and the primary radiator 30. Alternatively, the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 may comprise a three-way valve arranged at the separation point 321 or the junction point 322.

[0075] According to the first embodiment, the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 consists of a closed circuit which comprises a first pipe 410 on which are successively arranged, according to the direction of circulation S3 of the heat transfer fluid in the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4, at least the heat transfer fluid circulation element 41, the second heat exchanger 22 and the secondary radiator 40.

[0076] The second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 further comprises a second pipe 420 branching off from the first pipe 410, the second pipe 420 diverging and converging from the first pipe 410 on either side of the secondary radiator 40 respectively. The second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 further comprises a third pipe 430 which allows the heat transfer fluid to bypass either the secondary radiator 40 or a heat exchanger 43 thermally coupled to at least one element of the electric powertrain of the motor vehicle other than the electrical storage device 6. The third pipe 430 is devoid of a heat exchanger and thus behaves as a bypass line.

[0077] The circulation of the heat transfer fluid along the second pipe 420 and / or the first pipe 410 and / or the third pipe 430 is, for example, controlled by a heat transfer fluid flow rate regulating element 42 such as a three-way valve or, alternatively, by a plurality of heat transfer fluid flow rate regulating elements 42, not shown. The second pipe 420 comprises the heat exchanger 43 thermally coupled to at least one element of the electric powertrain of the motor vehicle, for example an electric motor and / or a control module of this electric motor, and is arranged in order, for example, to carry out a heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid circulating in the second pipe 420 and the air flow FA1 outside the passenger compartment of the vehicle.In particular, the outside air flow FA1 can ensure the cooling of the heat transfer fluid which can then capture via the heat exchanger 43 the calories emitted by the element of the traction chain thermally.

[0078] In the first embodiment of the invention, the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 of the heat treatment system 1 are separate, the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 being two closed circuits independent of each other.

[0079] THE figures 3 à 5 represent different examples of operation of the heat treatment system 1 according to the first embodiment as shown in figure 2 . In these figures, the solid lines represent pipes, lines or branches of the heat treatment system 1 in which the refrigerant or the heat transfer fluid circulates, while the dotted lines represent pipes, lines or branches of the heat treatment system 1 in which neither the refrigerant nor the heat transfer fluid circulates. The indoor air flow FA2, the outdoor air flow FA1 and its circulation direction S4, a circulation direction S2 of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3, a circulation direction S3 of the heat transfer fluid in the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 and a circulation direction S1 of the refrigerant in the refrigerant loop 2 are also schematically represented on the different figures 1 à 13 The elements or means for regulating the flow rate 34, 42 of the heat transfer fluid or the refrigerant fluid are shown as solid when they block the circulation of the fluid concerned, and hollow when they allow said circulation.

[0080] There figure 3 thus illustrates a first example of operation of the heat treatment system 1 in which the refrigerant circuit 3 is configured to operate in passenger compartment cooling mode, i.e. air conditioning mode.

[0081] According to this first example of operation, in the refrigerant loop 2, the refrigerant circulates in the main branch 200, while the secondary branch 220 is not traversed by the refrigerant. For example, the circulation of the refrigerant can be hindered by the closure of the secondary expansion member 29.

[0082] Thus, according to this first example of operation of the heat treatment system 1, the refrigerant fluid leaves the compression device 20 under high pressure, at high temperature and in the gaseous state towards the first heat exchanger 21 which functions as a condenser. The refrigerant fluid enters a first pass 211 of the first heat exchanger 21 in the gaseous state and at a temperature higher than the temperature of the heat transfer fluid circulating in a second pass 212 of the first heat exchanger 21 and transfers its calories to the heat transfer fluid. The refrigerant fluid thus cooled leaves the first heat exchanger 21 at least predominantly in the liquid state.

[0083] Optionally, the refrigerant is then brought to the level of the bottle 26, the liquid phase and the gaseous phase are separated and only the liquid phase is sent to the second heat exchanger 22.

[0084] Whether it comes from the bottle 26 or directly from the first heat exchanger 21, the refrigerant fluid then circulates in a first pass 223 of the second heat exchanger 22, this refrigerant fluid having a temperature higher than that of the heat transfer fluid circulating in a second pass 224 of the second heat exchanger 22, the refrigerant fluid transfers calories to the heat transfer fluid. According to the present invention, the second heat exchanger 22 is configured to ensure the sub-cooling of the refrigerant fluid, that is to say that the temperature difference between the refrigerant fluid in the liquid state and the heat transfer fluid allows cooling of the refrigerant fluid to a temperature lower than its condensation temperature.

[0085] The refrigerant fluid leaving the second heat exchanger 22, in the liquid state, is sent to the first part 51 of the internal heat exchanger 5 where it is involved in a heat exchange as previously described, then the refrigerant fluid is brought to the primary expansion member 23 in which it undergoes a reduction in its pressure.

[0086] The refrigerant, at low pressure and in a two-phase state, joins the third heat exchanger 24, used as an evaporator, in which it is evaporated by capturing calories from the interior air flow FA2. The interior air flow FA2 is cooled and sent to the passenger compartment of the vehicle while the refrigerant leaves the third heat exchanger 24. The refrigerant then joins the accumulation device 25 in which the liquid phase and the gaseous phase are separated and the gaseous phase is sent to the second part 52 of the internal heat exchanger 5 and then, again, to the compression device 20.

[0087] In the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3, the heat transfer fluid does not circulate in the bypass line 320 and the circulation of the heat transfer fluid takes place essentially at the level of the first line 310, such circulation being ensured by the selective opening and closing of the different means for regulating the flow rate 34 of the heat transfer fluid included in the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3, here the closing of the first two-way valve 341 and the opening of the second two-way valve 342.

[0088] The heat transfer fluid is circulated in the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 by the circulation member 31. The heat transfer fluid is brought to the first heat exchanger 21 and circulates in the second pass 212 of the first heat exchanger 21. As previously explained, the heat transfer fluid, colder than the refrigerant circulating in the first pass 211 of the first heat exchanger 21, is heated by the heat exchange carried out with the refrigerant. The heat transfer fluid then circulates along the first line 310, passes through the separation point 321 and is then sent to the primary radiator 30.

[0089] The heat transfer fluid entering the primary radiator 30 being at a temperature higher than the temperature of the outside air flow FA1, the heat transfer fluid gives off calories to the outside air flow FA1 and the latter is heated. The heat transfer fluid leaving the primary radiator 30, cooled, is then returned to the circulation member 31.

[0090] In the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4, the heat transfer fluid flows through the first pipe 410 as well as the second pipe 420, the partial closure of the heat transfer fluid flow regulating element 42 preventing the circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the third pipe 430.

[0091] The heat transfer fluid is circulated in the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 by the circulation element 41. The heat transfer fluid is brought into the second heat exchanger 22. As previously explained, it circulates in the second pass 224 of the second heat exchanger 22. The heat transfer fluid being colder than the liquid refrigerant circulating in the first pass 223 of the second heat exchanger 22, the heat transfer fluid captures the calories from the refrigerant, thus ensuring the subcooling of the latter.

[0092] The heat transfer fluid leaves the second heat exchanger 22 heated and is brought to the secondary radiator 40. As explained above, the secondary radiator 40 is arranged upstream of the primary radiator 30 in the direction of circulation of the outside air flow FA1 through the primary radiator 30 and secondary radiator 40. The outside air flow FA1, colder than the heat transfer fluid entering respectively the secondary radiator 40 and then the primary radiator 30, thus first passes through the secondary radiator 40, captures the calories of the heat transfer fluid circulating in the secondary radiator 40, then the heated outside air flow FA1 passes through the primary radiator 30 at which it captures the calories of the heat transfer fluid circulating in the primary radiator 30.

[0093] The cooled heat transfer fluid leaving the secondary radiator 40 is then returned to the circulation element 41 and then to the second heat exchanger 22. The cooled heat transfer fluid leaving the secondary radiator 40 can also circulate in the second pipe 420 and thus capture the calories present in the heat exchanger 43 thermally coupled to at least one element of the electric powertrain of the motor vehicle.

[0094] The second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 is therefore configured so that the secondary radiator 40 discharges into the outside air flow FA1 the calories captured at the first heat exchanger 21 and at the heat exchanger 43 thermally coupled to at least one element of the electric powertrain of the motor vehicle. Advantageously, according to the present invention, the secondary radiator 40, involved in the first heat exchange with the outside air flow FA1, is arranged in series with the second heat exchanger 22 which is configured to ensure the sub-cooling of the refrigerant fluid after its condensation phase.The primary radiator 30, involved in the second heat exchange with the outside air flow FA1 which has been heated a first time by heat exchange by passing through the secondary radiator 40, is arranged in series with the first heat exchanger 21, which is configured to condense the refrigerant fluid and therefore requires a smaller temperature difference between the heat transfer fluid and the refrigerant fluid than the second heat exchanger 22 used as a subcooler.

[0095] In this operating mode, the heat treatment system 1 operates in passenger compartment cooling mode, i.e. it allows fresh air to be sent into the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

[0096] There figure 4 illustrates a second example of operation of the thermal treatment system 1 according to the first embodiment implementing a cooling mode of the passenger compartment and a cooling mode of the electrical storage device 6, which can, for example, be implemented during a rapid charging phase of said electrical storage device 6.

[0097] In this second mode of operation, the circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and the circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 is identical to that previously explained with reference to the first operating example and to the figure 3 , the description made of these two circuits 3, 4 with reference to the figure 3 is thus transposable to the second example of operation illustrated on the figure 4 .

[0098] This second mode of operation differs from the first mode of operation in that, in the refrigerant loop 2, the refrigerant leaving the second heat exchanger 22, subcooled, is separated into two refrigerant flows at the point of divergence 221. A first refrigerant flow continues to circulate on the main branch 200 and follows a path identical to that previously explained with reference to the figure 3 A second flow of refrigerant fluid is sent to the secondary branch 220.

[0099] In other words, the secondary expansion member 29 is partially open and allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in said secondary branch 220, causing it to expand. The second flow of refrigerant fluid is directed towards the secondary expansion member 29 in which it undergoes expansion before joining the fourth heat exchanger 27.

[0100] In the fourth heat exchanger 27, the refrigerant fluid circulating in a first pass 271 of the fourth heat exchanger 27 captures calories from the heat transfer fluid circulating in a second pass 272 of the fourth heat exchanger 27.

[0101] The refrigerant fluid leaves the fourth heat exchanger 27 in predominantly gaseous form and reaches the convergence point 222 at which the first refrigerant fluid flow and the second refrigerant fluid flow are combined in order to be directed towards the accumulation device 25. At the same time, the heat transfer fluid which has been cooled in the fourth heat exchanger 27 circulates in the third heat transfer fluid circuit 8 so as to cool the electrical storage device 6.

[0102] There figure 5 schematically represents a third example of operation of the thermal treatment system 1 according to which the refrigerant loop 2 operates in passenger compartment heating mode, that is to say it operates the heating of the interior air flow FA2 before it is sent into the passenger compartment of the vehicle, and according to a heat recovery mode on the electrical storage device 6.

[0103] In the refrigerant loop 2, the third heat exchanger 24 is inactive, in the sense that it is not crossed by the refrigerant.

[0104] The refrigerant fluid leaves the compression device 20 in a gaseous state, at high pressure and at high temperature, and is brought into the first heat exchanger 21. Similar to the first and second operating examples, the first heat exchanger 21 is used as a condenser and the refrigerant fluid circulating in the first pass 211 of the first heat exchanger 21 is cooled by heat exchange with the heat transfer fluid circulating in the second pass 212 of the first heat exchanger 21.

[0105] The cooled refrigerant is sent to the bottle 26 and then the liquid portion of the refrigerant is sent to the second heat exchanger 22 for subcooling by heat exchange with the heat transfer fluid circulating in the second pass 224 of the second heat exchanger 22. The refrigerant leaving the second heat exchanger 22, subcooled, is then brought to the divergence point 221. When the heat treatment system 1 operates in heating and heat recovery mode, the primary expansion member 23, included in the main branch 200, is closed, while the secondary expansion member 29, included in the secondary branch 220, is open. As a result, the circulation of the refrigerant in the rest of the main branch 200 is hindered and the refrigerant is sent to the secondary branch 220 so as to bypass the third heat exchanger 24.

[0106] The refrigerant fluid is sent to the secondary expansion member 29, in which it is expanded, then the low pressure and low temperature fluid is brought to the fourth heat exchanger 27, thermally coupled to the third heat transfer fluid circuit 8 and therefore to the electrical storage device 6.

[0107] In the present operating mode, the third heat exchanger 24 operates as an evaporator, a temperature of this refrigerant fluid being lower than a temperature of the heat transfer fluid which circulates in the second pass 272 of the fourth heat exchanger 27, the refrigerant fluid captures the calories of the heat transfer fluid circulating in the third heat transfer fluid circuit 8, said heat transfer fluid then ensuring the cooling of the electrical storage device 6 of the vehicle.

[0108] Advantageously, the calories transferred by the electrical storage device 6 to the heat transfer fluid of the third heat transfer fluid circuit 8 are recovered and make it possible to heat the refrigerant fluid of the refrigerant loop 2 upstream of the compression device 20. The refrigerant fluid thus leaves the fourth heat exchanger 27 in an at least partially gaseous state and then reaches the convergence point 222 then the accumulation device 25 on the main branch 200.

[0109] In the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3, as previously described, the heat transfer fluid is circulated by the circulation member 31, then is sent to the first heat exchanger 21 in which it captures the calories from the refrigerant fluid circulating in the first pass 211 of the first heat exchanger 21, the heat transfer fluid is then brought to the separation point 321 of the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3.

[0110] When the heat treatment system 1 operates in heating and heat recovery mode, the means for regulating the flow rate 34 of the heat transfer fluid are configured to hinder the circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the remainder of the first line 310 and to send the heat transfer fluid to the bypass line 320. Thus, the first two-way valve 341 is open while the second two-way valve 342 is closed and the heat transfer fluid bypasses the primary radiator 30 which is then inactive.

[0111] The heated heat transfer fluid circulates in the bypass line 320 to the electric heating device 33 which will ensure the heating of said heat transfer fluid. The heated heat transfer fluid is then sent to the air heater 32 in which it implements a heat exchange with the interior air flow FA2. The heat transfer fluid, hotter than the interior air flow FA2, gives up calories to the interior air flow FA2 which is thus heated then sent to the passenger compartment via at least one of the outlet nozzles of the housing 91.

[0112] The cooled heat transfer fluid then leaves the air heater 32 and is returned to the first line 310 of the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3, towards the circulation member 31.

[0113] In the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4, the path of the heat transfer fluid is substantially identical to that previously described with reference to the figure 4 , that is to say that the heat transfer fluid is circulated by the circulation element 41 then passes through the second heat exchanger 22, and possibly the heat exchanger 43 thermally coupled to at least one element of the electric powertrain of the motor vehicle.

[0114] There figure 6 represents a second embodiment of the heat treatment system 1 in which the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 are identical to what has previously been explained with reference to figures 1 à 5 , the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 being distinct and independent of each other.

[0115] The refrigerant fluid loop 2 is substantially identical to what was previously explained with reference to the first embodiment, it is nevertheless distinguished from the latter in that it comprises an additional expansion member 28 in place of, or in addition to, the bottle 26 arranged between the first heat exchanger 21 and the second heat exchanger 22, on the main branch 200 of the refrigerant fluid loop 2.

[0116] Thus, in the example illustrated, the refrigerant loop 2 successively comprises, according to the direction of circulation S1 of the refrigerant in the refrigerant loop 2, the compression device 20, the first heat exchanger 21, the additional expansion member 28 and the second heat exchanger 22. According to an alternative not shown, the refrigerant loop 2 may successively comprise, according to the direction of circulation S1 of the refrigerant in the refrigerant loop 2, the compression device 20, the first heat exchanger 21, the bottle 26, the additional expansion member 28 and the second heat exchanger 22, so as to ensure that only a liquid portion of the refrigerant leaving the first heat exchanger 21 is sent to the additional expansion member 28.

[0117] When the heat treatment system 1 is produced according to this second embodiment, it can be used to implement a mode of cooling the passenger compartment or a mode of cooling the passenger compartment and cooling the electrical storage device 6, not shown, as they have been previously explained for the first embodiment with reference to figures 4 And 5respectively. The descriptions made with reference to these figures are transposable to the heat treatment system 1 produced according to the present embodiment with the difference that instead of, or in addition to, the bottle 26 the refrigerant loop 2 comprises the additional expansion member 28. In passenger compartment cooling mode or in passenger compartment cooling and electrical storage device 6 cooling mode, the additional expansion member 28 is then open and allows the refrigerant to pass towards the second heat exchanger 22 without ensuring its expansion so that the path and the changes of state of the refrigerant in the refrigerant loop 2 are strictly identical to those previously explained.

[0118] When the heat treatment system 1 according to the present embodiment implements the heating and heat recovery mode, it can also implement the cooling of at least one of the elements of the chain of the electric traction chain. Such an operating mode is shown in figure 7 .

[0119] In the refrigerant loop 2, the refrigerant leaves the compression device 20 under high pressure, at high temperature and in the gaseous state towards the first heat exchanger 21 which functions as a condenser. As recently explained, the refrigerant transfers calories to the heat transfer fluid circulating in the second pass 212 of the first heat exchanger 21 and leaves the first heat exchanger 21 in the essentially liquid state, or even entirely liquid. The cooled refrigerant is brought to the additional expansion member 28 at the level of which it undergoes a first expansion. The outgoing refrigerant, at low pressure and low temperature, is then sent to the second heat exchanger 22.

[0120] In the present mode of operation, the second heat exchanger 22 operates as an evaporator. The refrigerant, colder than the heat transfer fluid circulating in the second pass 224 of the second heat exchanger 22, captures the calories from the latter, and leaves the second heat exchanger 22 heated and in an at least partially gaseous or two-phase state.

[0121] Advantageously, the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 makes it possible to cool at least one of the elements of the powertrain arranged on the second pipe 420, by means of the heat exchanger 43 thermally coupled to at least one element of the electric powertrain of the motor vehicle.

[0122] In the refrigerant loop 2, the refrigerant leaving the second heat exchanger 22 is then brought to the level of the divergence point 221. In the present mode of operation, the primary expansion member 23 is closed so as to hinder the circulation of the refrigerant in the remainder of the main branch 200, while the secondary expansion member 29 is partially open so as to allow the circulation of the refrigerant in the secondary branch 220 and to ensure the expansion of said fluid.

[0123] The refrigerant fluid is thus directed on the secondary branch 220 to the secondary expansion member 29 at the level of which it undergoes a second expansion, of a lower level than the first expansion implemented by the additional expansion member 28. The refrigerant fluid leaves the secondary expansion member 29 at low pressure and in the liquid state and is brought to the fourth heat exchanger 27 in which, as previously explained, it captures the calories of the heat transfer fluid circulating in the second pass 272 of the fourth heat exchanger 27 so as to allow the cooling of the electrical storage device 6.

[0124] As previously explained, the calories released by the electrical storage device 6 make it possible to heat the refrigerant fluid of the refrigerant loop 2 upstream of the compression device 20. The refrigerant fluid thus leaves the fourth heat exchanger 27 in an at least partially gaseous state and then reaches the convergence point 222, then the accumulation device 25 on the main branch 200.

[0125] Alternatively, when the heating of the electrical storage device 6 is low or when the temperature thereof is lower than the temperature measured at the level of the element of the electric traction chain, the secondary expansion member 29 can be completely open so as to allow the circulation of the refrigerant fluid along the secondary branch 220 without expanding it.

[0126] THE figures 8 à 13 illustrate a third embodiment and a fourth embodiment of the heat treatment system 1 in which the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 are interconnected. The figure 8 partly illustrates the heat treatment system 1 according to the third embodiment, while the figure 9 represents the whole of this same heat treatment system 1.

[0127] The portion of heat treatment system 1 shown in figure 8 is substantially identical to that previously described with reference to the figure 1 , it is nevertheless distinguished from the latter by the arrangement of the second circuit 4 of heat transfer fluid in the heat treatment system 1.

[0128] There figure 8 shows that the circulation member 31 draws in a flow of heat transfer fluid illustrated by a+b and pushes this flow a+b into the first line 310 of the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3. At the bifurcation point 411, the heat transfer fluid splits into a first flow a which enters the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 and a second flow b which continues its path in the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3. The first flow a and the second flow b are joined at the connection point 412, before returning to the circulation member 31.

[0129] Thus, the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 extends between a bifurcation point 411 and a connection point 412. The bifurcation point 411 is arranged on the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 upstream of the primary radiator 30 in the direction of circulation S2 of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3. More specifically, the bifurcation point 411 is arranged between the first heat exchanger 21 and the primary radiator 30. The connection point 412 is arranged on the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3, upstream of the first heat exchanger 21 in the direction of circulation S2 of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3. More specifically, the connection point 412 is arranged between the primary radiator 30 and the first heat exchanger 21.

[0130] In particular, in order to control the circulation of the heat transfer fluid along the main line of the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and / or along the first pipe 410 of the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4, the heat treatment system 1 comprises at least one heat transfer fluid flow rate regulating member 44 arranged at the bifurcation point 411, as illustrated, or at the connection point 412. By way of example, the refrigerant fluid flow rate regulating member 44 may be a three-way valve.

[0131] Alternatively, the heat treatment system 1 may comprise a plurality of flow regulating members 44 of the heat transfer fluid, for example two-way valves, respectively arranged on the first line 310 of the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and on the first pipe 410 of the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4.

[0132] The first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 being interconnected, the heat treatment system 1 comprises the circulation member 31 of the heat transfer fluid, arranged on the first line 310 of the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3, but may be devoid of the circulation element 41 of the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 as previously explained.

[0133] There figure 9 represents the heat treatment system 1 as a whole, when it is produced according to the third embodiment as described with reference to the figure 8 .

[0134] In this third embodiment, the refrigerant fluid loop 2 is identical to that previously described with reference to the figures 1 à 7 for the first and second embodiments of the present invention. In particular, the heat transfer fluid loop 6 may comprise the bottle 26 and / or the additional expansion member as previously described. For the sake of clarity, in the figures and descriptions below, the refrigerant fluid loop 2 will only comprise the bottle 26.

[0135] In the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3, the first line 310 is identical to that previously explained for the first and second embodiments. The bypass line 320 comprises the air heater 32, configured to implement a heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and the interior air flow FA2 sent into the passenger compartment of the vehicle, and the bypass line 320 extends between the separation point 321 and the junction point 322. As previously explained, the separation point 321 is arranged downstream of the first heat exchanger 21 in the direction of circulation S2 of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3, more specifically between the first heat exchanger 21 and the primary radiator 30.

[0136] The third embodiment differs from the first and second embodiments in that the junction point 322 of the bypass line 320 is arranged on the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4, upstream of the second heat exchanger 22 in the direction of circulation S3 of the heat transfer fluid in the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4, the junction point 322 being arranged between the secondary radiator 40 and the second heat exchanger 22.

[0137] In the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4, the second pipe 420 comprises, as previously explained, the heat exchanger 43 thermally coupled to at least one of the elements of the electric powertrain of the motor vehicle and the second pipe 420 diverges and converges from the first pipe 410 on either side of the secondary radiator 40 respectively. The third pipe 430 is placed in parallel with this heat exchanger 43 thermally coupled to at least one of the elements of the electric powertrain and in parallel with the secondary radiator 40, so that the heat transfer fluid can bypass these components depending on the position taken by the flow regulating member 42.

[0138] There figure 10 represents the heat treatment system 1 according to the third embodiment when it operates in a passenger compartment cooling mode.

[0139] In such a mode, the architecture of the refrigerant loop 2 and the path of the refrigerant in said loop 2 are identical to what was previously described for the heat treatment system 1 produced according to the first embodiment. Thus, the description of the refrigerant loop 2 made for the passenger compartment cooling mode with reference to the figure 3 is transposable to the present embodiment.

[0140] Concerning the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4, the heat transfer fluid is circulated in the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 by the circulation member 31, the heat transfer fluid is sent to the first heat exchanger 21 where it circulates in the second pass 212 of the first heat exchanger 21 and captures the calories of the refrigerant fluid, hotter, circulating in the first pass 211 of the first heat exchanger 21. The heat transfer fluid leaving the first heat exchanger 21, heated, is then brought to the separation point 321.

[0141] In the present operating mode, the means for regulating the flow rate 34 of the heat transfer fluid are configured to hinder the circulation of the heat transfer fluid towards the bypass line 320. The first two-way valve 341 is thus closed while the second two-way valve 342 is open.

[0142] The heat transfer fluid thus circulates along the first line 310 of the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 up to the bifurcation point 411. In the illustrated embodiment, the flow rate regulating member 44 of the heat transfer fluid is open so as to allow the simultaneous circulation of a first flow of heat transfer fluid in the first line 310 of the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and of a second flow of heat transfer fluid in the first pipe 410 of the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4. The heat transfer fluid thus circulates in parallel in the primary radiator 30 and in the secondary radiator 40.

[0143] The first flow of heat transfer fluid, which continues to circulate along the first line 310 of the first circuit 3 of heat transfer fluid, is sent to the primary radiator 30. The heat transfer fluid, hotter than the flow of air outside FA1 in the passenger compartment, gives up calories to the flow of air outside FA1 and is cooled. This first flow of heat transfer fluid then circulates along the first line 310 of the first circuit 3 of heat transfer fluid to the circulation member 31.

[0144] The second flow of heat transfer fluid, sent into the first pipe 410 of the second circuit 4 of heat transfer fluid, circulates to the secondary radiator 40. In the secondary radiator 40, the heat transfer fluid, hotter than the flow of outside air FA1, gives up calories to this flow of outside air FA1. The cooled heat transfer fluid circulates in the first pipe 410 of the second circuit 4 of heat transfer fluid to the second heat exchanger 22. Similar to what was previously explained for the first and second embodiments, the heat transfer fluid circulating in the second pass 224 of the second heat exchanger 22 captures the calories of the refrigerant circulating in the first pass 223 of the second heat exchanger 22 and ensures the subcooling of the latter.

[0145] The heat transfer fluid leaving the second heat exchanger 22 is then brought to the connection point 412 at which it joins the first line 310 of the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3, is combined with the first flow of heat transfer fluid, then is returned to the heat transfer fluid circulation member 31.

[0146] The heat transfer fluid circulating in the secondary radiator is thus crossed by the flow of outside air subjected to the ambient temperature, that is to say the lowest available in the air outside the passenger compartment. The subcooling which takes place in the second heat exchanger 22 is therefore ensured with the coldest air available.

[0147] The air flow FA1 heated by the secondary radiator 40 passes through the primary radiator 30 at a temperature which nevertheless allows the condensation of the refrigerant fluid to take place in the heart of the first heat exchanger 21.

[0148] According to an example of this present mode of operation, the heat transfer fluid flow regulating element 42 is placed in a position where the second pipe 420 is isolated from the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4. Circulation can nevertheless take place in a loop formed by the third pipe 430 and by the second pipe 420, by operating the heat transfer fluid circulation element 41.

[0149] Alternatively to this example, the heat transfer fluid flow regulating element 42 is placed in a position where the calories captured at the heat exchanger 43 thermally coupled to at least one of the elements of the electric traction chain are discharged into the outside air flow FA1 via the secondary radiator 40.

[0150] Similarly, the heat treatment system 1 does not, in the present operating mode, take charge of the cooling of the electrical storage device 6.

[0151] There figure 11 represents an example of a second mode of operation of the thermal treatment system 1 according to the third embodiment when the latter implements a cooling mode of the passenger compartment and a cooling mode of the electrical storage device 6, for example implemented during a rapid charging phase of said electrical storage device 6.

[0152] In this second mode of operation, the path of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and in the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 is identical to that previously explained with reference to the figure 10 for the cooling mode of the passenger compartment of the heat treatment system 1 according to the third embodiment, the description given of the path of the heat transfer fluid in these two circuits 3, 4 is thus transposable to the present operating mode.

[0153] This second mode of operation differs from the first mode of operation of the heat treatment system 1 according to the third embodiment in that the refrigerant fluid leaving the second heat exchanger 22, subcooled, is separated into two flows of refrigerant fluid at the point of divergence 221. As previously explained for the mode of cooling the passenger compartment and cooling the electrical storage device 6 of the first embodiment with reference to the figure 4 , the first flow of refrigerant fluid continues to circulate on the main branch 200 while the second flow of refrigerant fluid is sent on the secondary branch 220, towards the secondary expansion member 29.

[0154] The second flow of refrigerant fluid, liquid, is expanded in the secondary expansion member 29 then is brought into the fourth heat exchanger 27 in which it captures calories from the heat transfer fluid circulating in the second pass 272 of the fourth heat exchanger 27.

[0155] The refrigerant fluid leaves the fourth exchanger in an at least partially gaseous state and reaches the convergence point 222 in order to be directed towards the accumulation device 25. At the same time, as explained above, the heat transfer fluid which has been cooled in the fourth heat exchanger 27 circulates in the third heat transfer fluid circuit 8 so as to cool the electrical storage device 6.

[0156] There figure 12 illustrates an example of a third operating mode in which the heat treatment system 1 according to the third embodiment simultaneously implements a heating mode of the interior air flow FA2 sent to the passenger compartment and a heat recovery mode.

[0157] Concerning the description of the refrigerant fluid loop 2, the present operating mode is substantially identical to the heating and heat recovery mode previously described for the first embodiment with reference to the figure 5 , the description of the refrigerant loop 2 and the path of the refrigerant in said loop 2 is therefore transposable to the present embodiment.

[0158] In the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4, the heat transfer fluid is successively circulated by the circulation member 31, sent into the first heat exchanger 21, in which it captures the calories from the refrigerant fluid circulating in the first pass 211 of the first heat exchanger 21, then is brought to the separation point 321 of the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3.

[0159] When the heat treatment system 1 operates in heating and heat recovery mode, the first two-way valve 341 is open while the second two-way valve 342 is closed, these means for regulating the flow rate 34 of the heat transfer fluid hinder the circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the rest of the first line 310 and send the heat transfer fluid to the bypass line 320 of the first refrigerant circuit so as to bypass the primary radiator 30 which is then inactive.

[0160] The heated heat transfer fluid circulates in the bypass line 320 to the electric heating device 33 which will provide additional heating of said heat transfer fluid, then the heat transfer fluid is brought into the air heater 32. The heat transfer fluid, hotter than the interior air flow FA2, gives up calories to the interior air flow FA2 which is thus heated then sent to the passenger compartment via at least one of the outlet nozzles of the housing 91. The cooled heat transfer fluid then leaves the air heater 32 and circulates along the bypass line 320 to the junction point 322.

[0161] The heat transfer fluid is then brought to the first pipe 410 of the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4, between the secondary radiator 40 and the second heat exchanger 22. The heat transfer fluid circulates in the second pass 224 of the second heat exchanger 22 within which it implements a heat exchange with the refrigerant fluid circulating in the first pass 223 of the second heat exchanger 22. The heat transfer fluid captures the calories of said refrigerant fluid so as to allow the subcooling of the latter then the heat transfer fluid circulates along the first pipe 410 to the connection point 412 and is returned on the first line 310 of the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 to the circulation member 31.

[0162] According to an example of this present mode of operation, the heat transfer fluid flow regulating element 42 is placed in a position where the second pipe 420 is isolated from the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4. Circulation can nevertheless take place in a loop formed by the third pipe 430 and by the second pipe 420, by operating the heat transfer fluid circulation element 41.

[0163] Alternatively to this example, the heat transfer fluid flow regulating element 42 is placed in a position where the calories captured at the heat exchanger 43 thermally coupled to at least one of the elements of the electric traction chain are discharged into the outside air flow FA1 via the secondary radiator 40.

[0164] There figure 13 represents the processing system when it is implemented according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. This fourth embodiment is substantially identical to the third embodiment, shown in figures 8 à 12 . Also, the description of the heat treatment system 1 according to the third embodiment, made with reference to the figure 9 is transposable to the present embodiment. This fourth embodiment is distinguished from the third embodiment by the positioning of the bifurcation point 411 of the first pipe 410 of the second circuit 4 of heat transfer fluid.

[0165] In this fourth embodiment, the bifurcation point 411 is arranged downstream of the primary radiator 30 in the direction of circulation S2 of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3, the bifurcation point 411 being arranged between the primary radiator 30 and the first heat exchanger 21. As previously explained, the control of the circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the first line 310 of the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and / or in the first pipe 410 of the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 is implemented by at least one heat transfer fluid flow regulating member 44, such as a three-way valve, which may, for example, be arranged at the bifurcation point 411 or the connection point 412. Alternatively, the heat treatment system 1 may comprise a plurality of heat transfer fluid flow regulating members 44 arranged on the first pipe 410. and on the first line 310.

[0166] There figure 14 illustrates an example of operation of the heat treatment system 1 according to the fourth embodiment when it implements a passenger compartment cooling mode.

[0167] In such a mode, the architecture of the refrigerant fluid loop 2 and the path of the refrigerant fluid in said circuit are identical to what was previously described for the heat treatment system 1 produced according to the third embodiment operating according to the cooling mode, thus, the description made with reference to the figure 10 is transposable to the present embodiment.

[0168] Concerning the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4, the path of the heat transfer fluid is also identical between the circulation member 31 and the separation point 321.

[0169] The means for regulating the flow rate 34 of the heat transfer fluid are configured to impede the circulation of the heat transfer fluid towards the bypass line 320. The first two-way valve 341 is thus closed while the second two-way valve 342 is open. The heat transfer fluid circulates along the first line 310 of the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 to the primary radiator 30 at which the heat transfer fluid, hotter than the flow of air outside FA1 to the passenger compartment, gives up calories to the flow of air outside FA1. The outgoing heat transfer fluid, cooled, then circulates along the first line 310 of the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 to the bifurcation point 411.

[0170] In the present mode of operation, the heat transfer fluid flow regulating member 44 is open so as to simultaneously allow the circulation of the heat transfer fluid along the remainder of the first line 310 of the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and along the first pipe 410 of the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4.

[0171] Due to the architecture of the heat treatment system 1 according to the fourth embodiment, instead of a simultaneous parallel circulation of a first flow of heat transfer fluid and a second flow of heat transfer fluid in the secondary radiator 40 and the primary radiator 30 respectively, as observed in the third embodiment, the first flow of heat transfer fluid continues to circulate along the first line 310 of the first circuit 3 of heat transfer fluid in the direction of the circulation member 31 while the second flow of heat transfer fluid is sent to the first pipe 410 of the second circuit 4 of heat transfer fluid, in the direction of the secondary radiator 40.

[0172] It results from the present architecture that the second flow of heat transfer fluid is advantageously involved in two successive heat exchanges with the outside air flow FA1, respectively in the primary radiator 30 then in the secondary radiator 40. The heat transfer fluid having been cooled a first time in the primary radiator 30, the temperature pinch measured in the secondary radiator is more reduced. Advantageously and so as to optimize the cooling of the heat transfer fluid, the heat transfer fluid flow regulating member 44 can be configured so that the second flow of heat transfer fluid circulates at a more reduced flow rate in the first pipe 410, and therefore in the secondary radiator 40.The second cooled heat transfer fluid flow is then, as previously explained, sent along the first pipe 410 to the second heat exchanger 22, in which it allows the subcooling of the refrigerant circulating in the first pass 223 of the second heat exchanger 22. The second heat transfer fluid flow then joins, as previously explained, the first heat transfer fluid flow at the connection point 412 arranged in the first line 310 of the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and is then returned to the circulation member 31.

[0173] Due to the two successive coolings of the heat transfer fluid in the primary radiator and the secondary radiator, but also due to the reduction in the flow rate of the second flow of heat transfer fluid, this fourth embodiment makes it possible to maximize the sub-cooling of the refrigerant fluid while minimizing the operating costs of the heat treatment system 1, and in particular the utility requirements of the second heat exchanger 22.

[0174] The heat treatment system 1 according to the fourth embodiment can also implement the mode of cooling the passenger compartment and cooling the electrical storage device 6, not shown, as previously explained for the third embodiment with reference to the figure 10 .

[0175] In such an operating mode, the refrigerant loop 2 operates in a similar manner to what has been explained for the third operating mode. Also, the description of the refrigerant loop 2 and the path of the refrigerant in said loop 2 made with reference to the figure 10 can be transposed to the present fourth embodiment. Similarly, the circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and in the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 is identical to what has been described in the passenger compartment cooling mode of the fourth embodiment, with reference to the figure 14 of this document.

[0176] The heat treatment system 1 according to the fourth embodiment can also implement the heating and calorie recovery mode, not shown, as explained above for the third embodiment with reference to the figure 12 . The refrigerant fluid loop 2, the first heat transfer fluid circuit 3 and the second heat transfer fluid circuit 4 operating in a similar manner to that described for the third operating mode, the description made with reference to the figure 12 and the third embodiment can be fully transposed to the present fourth embodiment.

[0177] The present invention thus proposes a heat treatment system comprising a refrigerant loop, a first heat transfer fluid circuit and a second heat transfer fluid circuit, the first heat transfer fluid loop comprising a primary radiator and the second heat transfer fluid circuit comprising a secondary radiator, the primary radiator being arranged downstream of the secondary radiator in a direction of circulation of the outside air flow through said radiators. The first heat transfer fluid circuit comprises in particular at least one first heat exchanger configured to operate as a condenser of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant loop while the second heat transfer fluid circuit comprises at least one second heat exchanger configured to implement the sub-cooling of the refrigerant circulating in this same refrigerant loop.

[0178] The present invention cannot, however, be limited to the means and configurations described and illustrated here and it also extends to any technically operative combination of such means. In particular, the architecture of the refrigerant loop and the architecture of the first heat transfer fluid circuit and / or the second heat transfer fluid circuit may be modified without harming the invention insofar as they make it possible to fulfill the functionalities of the heat treatment system 1 described and illustrated in the present document.

Claims

1. Temperature management system (1) intended for a vehicle comprising at least one refrigerant loop (2), a first heat-transfer fluid circuit (3) and a second heat-transfer fluid circuit (4), - the refrigerant loop (2) comprising at least a first heat exchanger (21) and a second heat exchanger (22) both configured to perform an exchange of heat between the refrigerant and the heat-transfer fluid circulating respectively in the first heat-transfer fluid circuit (3) or in the second heat-transfer fluid circuit (4), the refrigerant loop (2) comprising a third heat exchanger (24) configured to perform an exchange of heat between the refrigerant and a flow (FA2) of interior air sent into the interior of the vehicle, - the first heat-transfer fluid circuit (3) comprising the first heat exchanger (21) and at least one primary radiator (30) configured to perform an exchange of heat between a flow (FA1) of air external to the interior of the vehicle and the heat-transfer fluid, - the second heat-transfer fluid circuit (4) comprising the second heat exchanger (22) and at least one secondary radiator (40) configured to perform an exchange of heat between the flow (FA1) of exterior air and the heat-transfer fluid, the primary radiator (30) being positioned downstream of the secondary radiator (40) in a direction (S4) of circulation of the flow (FA1) of exterior air through said radiators (30, 40), in which temperature management system (1) the refrigerant loop (2) is a closed loop, characterized in that said closed loop comprises at least a main leg (200) on which at least a compression device (20), the first heat exchanger (21), the second heat exchanger (22), at least one expansion member referred to as primary expansion member (23), and at least the third heat exchanger (24) are successively arranged.

2. Temperature management system (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the refrigerant loop (2) comprises a bottle (26) and / or an additional expansion member (28) arranged between the first heat exchanger (21) and the second heat exchanger (22).

3. Temperature management system (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the refrigerant loop (2) comprises a secondary leg (220) which extends from a first point of divergence (221), positioned between the second heat exchanger (22) and the primary expansion member (23), and a first point of convergence (222) positioned between the third heat exchanger (24) and the compression device (20), the secondary leg (220) comprising at least a secondary expansion member (223) and a fourth heat exchanger (27) which is thermally coupled to an electrical storage device (6) of the vehicle.

4. Temperature management system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second heat-transfer fluid circuit (4) comprises at least a first pipe (410) comprising at least the secondary radiator (40), an element (41) for circulating the heat-transfer fluid in the second circuit and the second heat exchanger (22), the second heat-transfer fluid circuit (4) comprising at least a second pipe (420) branching off from the first pipe (410), the second pipe (420) comprising a heat exchanger (43) thermally coupled to at least one element of the electric powertrain of the vehicle.

5. Temperature management system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first heat-transfer fluid circuit (3) comprises at least a first line (310) on which are arranged at least the primary radiator (30), the first heat exchanger (21) and a member (31) for circulating the heat-transfer fluid in the first heat-transfer fluid circuit (3).

6. Temperature management system (1) according to Claim 5, wherein the first heat-transfer fluid circuit (3) and the second heat-transfer fluid circuit (4) are distinct circuits.

7. Temperature management system (1) according to Claim 6, wherein the first heat-transfer fluid circuit (3) comprises at least one bypass line (320) which comprises a unit heater (32) configured to perform an exchange of heat between the heat-transfer fluid and the flow (FA2) of interior air sent into the interior of the vehicle, the bypass line (320) extending between a separation point (321) and a joining point (322), the separation point (321) being downstream of the first heat exchanger (21) in the direction (S2) of circulation of the heat-transfer fluid in the first heat-transfer fluid circuit (3), and the separation point (321) being positioned between the first heat exchanger (21) and the primary radiator (30), the joining point (322) being upstream of the first heat exchanger (21) in the direction (S2) of circulation of the heat-transfer fluid in the first heat-transfer fluid circuit (3), and the joining point (322) being positioned between the primary radiator (30) and the first heat exchanger (21).

8. Temperature management system (1) according to Claim 5, wherein the first heat-transfer fluid circuit (3) and the second heat-transfer fluid circuit (4) are interconnected.

9. Temperature management system (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the first heat-transfer fluid circuit (3) comprises at least one bypass line (320) comprising a unit heater (32) configured to perform an exchange of heat between the heat-transfer fluid and the flow (FA2) of interior air sent into the interior of the vehicle, the bypass line (320) extending between a separation point (321) and a joining point (322), the separation point (321) being downstream of the first heat exchanger (21) in the direction (S2) of circulation of the heat-transfer fluid in the first heat-transfer fluid circuit (3), and the separation point (321) being positioned between the first heat exchanger (21) and the primary radiator (30), the joining point (322) being positioned on the second heat-transfer fluid circuit (4) upstream of the second heat exchanger (22) in the direction (S3) of circulation of the heat-transfer fluid in the second heat-transfer fluid circuit (4), the joining point (322) being positioned between the secondary radiator (40) and the second heat exchanger (22).

10. Temperature management system (1) according to Claim 8 or 9, wherein the second heat-transfer fluid circuit (4) extends between a fork point (411) and a connecting point (412), the connecting point (412) being positioned on the first heat-transfer fluid circuit (3) upstream of the first heat exchanger (21) in the direction (S2) of circulation of the heat-transfer fluid in the first heat-transfer fluid circuit (3), the connecting point (412) being positioned between the primary radiator (30) and the first heat exchanger (21), and the fork point (411) being positioned on the first heat-transfer fluid circuit (3) either upstream of the primary radiator (30) in the direction (S2) of circulation of the heat-transfer fluid in the first heat-transfer fluid circuit (3), the fork point (411) being positioned between the first heat exchanger (21) and the primary radiator (30), or downstream of the primary radiator (30) in the direction (S2) of circulation of the heat-transfer fluid in the first heat-transfer fluid circuit (3), the fork point (411) being positioned between the primary radiator (30) and the first heat exchanger (21).