MOTHER COMPLIMENTING A SWIVEL WASHER WITH AN ECCENTRIC OPENING, THIS MOTHER COMPLIMENTING BOLT AND ASSEMBLY COMPLIMENTING WITH AT LEAST ONE SUCH BOLT

Description

[0001] The present application relates to a nut comprising a pivoting washer having an eccentric passage hole, to a bolt comprising said nut as well as to an assembly comprising at least one such bolt.

[0002] According to an embodiment of the prior art, an assembly comprises at least two parts, held together by at least one bolt which comprises a screw, as well as a nut configured to screw onto the screw and bear in operation against a contact face of one of the parts of the assembly. During assembly, the bolt is tightened so as to exert a determined preload on the parts of the assembly.

[0003] In operation, untimely loosening of the bolt, due to rotation of the screw or nut, induces a loss of preload affecting the mechanical performance of the assembly.

[0004] According to embodiments described in documents CN2871950, CN203796716, GB09274, CN108799303 and EP362132, an assembly comprises a first main nut and a second secondary nut having identical threads for screwing onto a threaded rod. The first and second nuts comprise coaxial bearing surfaces which cooperate with each other and which are eccentric with respect to the threads. These two bearing surfaces are connected to each other by a screwing which has a different pitch from that of the threads. These embodiments are not fully satisfactory because it is very difficult to simultaneously screw the two nuts which have threads.

[0005] GB108435 proposes an assembly comprising a threaded rod, a nut configured to screw onto the threaded rod, and a washer that has a smooth through-hole to accommodate the threaded rod and an eccentric bearing surface that cooperates with an eccentric or non-eccentric bearing surface of the nut. This locking system is not suitable because the washer may become detached from the nut in the presence of vibration.

[0006] The present invention aims to remedy all or part of the drawbacks of the prior art by proposing a solution limiting the risks of rotation of the nut. The invention is a nut according to claim 1.

[0007] To this end, the invention relates to a nut comprising a body comprising a through hole having at least one internal threaded section configured to allow the nut to be screwed onto a rod in operation as well as a cylindrical pivot section having a pivot axis.Additionally, the nut comprises a washer having a pivoting section configured to cooperate with the pivoting section of the body so that the washer can pivot relative to the body and a through-hole comprising a first smooth inner section having an axis, the pivoting section of the washer having a pivoting axis eccentric relative to the axis of the first inner section of the washer and / or the tapped inner section of the body having a screwing axis eccentric relative to the pivoting axis of the pivoting section of the body, the first inner section of the washer comprising a section such that when a rod is screwed into the tapped inner section in operation, the first inner section does not interfere with the rod in at least a first angular position of the washer and interferes with the rod in at least a second angular position of the washer.

[0008] According to the invention, the pivoting sections of the body and the washer are coaxial and connected by a link limiting the translational movements in a direction parallel to the pivot axis.

[0009] This solution allows the nut of a bolt to be securely locked in rotation when the first inner section of the washer interferes with the bolt shank.

[0010] According to the invention, the pivoting section of the body is threaded or tapped and the pivoting section of the washer is tapped or threaded to allow the washer to be screwed onto the body.

[0011] According to a first embodiment, the through orifice comprises a second internal section forming the pivoting section of the washer.

[0012] According to this first embodiment, the washer comprises an outer peripheral surface configured to allow the washer to be pivoted using a tool.

[0013] According to a second embodiment, the washer comprises an outer peripheral surface having at least one outer section forming the pivoting section of the washer.

[0014] According to this second embodiment, the outer peripheral surface is configured to allow the washer to be pivoted using a tool.

[0015] According to another characteristic, the outer peripheral surface comprises at least one outer portion with a polygonal section.

[0016] According to another characteristic, the body and / or the washer comprise at least one shoulder to form a stop limiting the travel of the washer relative to the body in a direction parallel to the pivot axis.

[0017] The invention also relates to a bolt comprising a rod with a threaded section as well as a nut according to one of the preceding characteristics.

[0018] The invention also relates to an assembly comprising such a bolt.

[0019] Other characteristics and advantages will emerge from the description of the invention which follows, a description given by way of example only, with reference to the appended drawings, among which: There figure 1 is a side view of a nut illustrating a first embodiment of the invention, The figure 2 is a section along line II-II of the figure 1 of the nut, The figure 3 is a top view of the nut visible on the figure 1 , There figure 4 is a section of an assembly comprising a bolt during assembly illustrating a first embodiment of the invention, The figure 5 is a section of the assembly visible on the figure 4 , the nut being tightened and not locked, The figure 6 is a section of the assembly visible on the figure 4 , the nut being tightened and locked in rotation, The figure 7 is a perspective view of a nut illustrating a first embodiment of the invention, The figure 8 is a top view of the bolt visible on the figure 5 , the nut being tightened and not blocked in rotation, The figure 9 is a top view of the bolt visible on the figure 6 , the nut being tightened and locked in rotation, and The figure 10 is a section of a nut illustrating a second embodiment of the invention.

[0020] According to an embodiment visible on the figures 4 à 7 , an assembly comprises at least first and second parts 10, 12 as well as at least one bolt 14 holding the first and second parts 10, 12 together. The assembly may comprise more than two parts 10, 12.

[0021] According to one configuration, the bolt 14 comprises a screw 16 having a rod 18 as well as a head secured to a first end of the rod 18. According to another configuration, the bolt 14 comprises a rod 18, without a head, in the form of a stud, screwing into one of the first and second parts 10, 12.

[0022] Whatever the configuration, the rod 18 has a threaded section 18.1 projecting relative to a contact face 10.1 of a first part 10 of the assembly in operation. According to one configuration, the threaded section 18.1 extends over the entire length of the rod 18. According to another configuration, the threaded section 18.1 does not extend over the entire length of the rod 18 but only over a portion of the rod 18 projecting relative to the contact face 10.1.

[0023] In operation, the rod 18 has an axis A18 approximately perpendicular to the contact face 10.1.

[0024] Each part 10, 12 of the assembly includes a through hole T10, T12 to accommodate the rod 18 of the bolt 14.

[0025] The bolt 14 comprises a nut 22 comprising a body 24 as well as a washer 26 movable in rotation relative to the body 24 along a pivot axis parallel to or coincident with the axis A18 of the rod 18 when the nut 22 is screwed onto the rod 18. Thus, by pivoting, the washer 26 can occupy several angular positions relative to the body 24.

[0026] The body 24 comprises an outer peripheral surface 28, first and second end faces 30.1, 30.2 and a through hole 32 opening at the first and second end faces 30.1, 30.2. The latter are approximately parallel to each other.

[0027] In operation, the first end face 30.1 is pressed against the contact face 10.1 of the first part 10 of the assembly or against a washer inserted between the nut 22 and the contact face 10.1.

[0028] The through hole 32 comprises at least one internal threaded section 34, configured to cooperate with the threaded section 18.1 of the rod 18 and allow screwing of the body 24 of the nut 22 onto the rod 18. This internal threaded section 34 has a screwing axis A34. According to one configuration, the first and second end faces 30.1, 30.2 are perpendicular to the screwing axis A34 of the internal threaded section 34 of the through hole 32. In operation, this screwing axis A34 coincides with the axis A18 of the rod 18 when the nut 22 is screwed onto the rod 18.

[0029] The outer peripheral surface 28 is configured to allow the body 24 of the nut 22 to be pivoted using a tool. According to one configuration, the outer peripheral surface 28 comprises at least a first outer section 28.1 with a polygonal section, such as a hexagonal section for example. According to one configuration, the outer peripheral surface 28 comprises a first outer section 28.1 with a polygonal section as well as a second cylindrical outer section 28.2 which has a section greater than the first outer section 28.1 with a polygonal section.

[0030] According to a first embodiment visible on the figures 1 à 9 , the outer peripheral surface 28 of the body 24 comprises a pivoting section 36 having a cylindrical surface and a pivot axis A36, coincident with or parallel to the screwing axis A34 of the threaded inner section 34. According to one configuration, the pivoting section 36 extends from the second end face 30.2. The pivoting section 36 has a section smaller than that of the first outer section 28.1 with polygonal section so that the outer peripheral surface 28 has a first shoulder 38 connecting the pivoting section 36 and the first outer section 28.1 with polygonal section. This first shoulder 38 is perpendicular to the pivot axis A36. It can form a stop limiting the travel of the washer 26 relative to the body 24 in a direction parallel to the pivot axis A36.

[0031] According to a second embodiment visible on the figure 10 , the through hole 32 comprises, in addition to the tapped inner section 34, a pivot section 36' having a cylindrical surface and a pivot axis A36', parallel or coincident with the screwing axis A34 of the tapped inner section 34. According to one configuration, the pivot section 36' extends from the second end face 30.2. The pivot section 36' has a section greater than that of the tapped inner section 34 so that the through hole 32 has a first shoulder 38' connecting the pivot section 36' and the tapped inner section 34. This first shoulder 38' is perpendicular to the pivot axis A36'. It can form a stop limiting the travel of the washer 26 relative to the body 24 in a direction parallel to the pivot axis A36'. Whatever the embodiment, the body 24 comprises a pivoting section 36, 36' having a pivoting axis A36, A36'.

[0032] The washer 26 has first and second transverse faces 40.1, 40.2, a through orifice 42 opening at the level of the first and second transverse faces 40.1, 40.2.

[0033] According to one configuration, the first and second transverse faces 40.1, 40.2 are parallel to each other, the first transverse face 40.1 being oriented towards the body 24.

[0034] According to the first embodiment, the through-orifice 42 comprises a first inner section 42.1, forming a passage orifice, extending from the second transverse face 40.2 and having an axis A42.1 as well as a second cylindrical inner section 44, extending from the first transverse face 40.1, configured to cooperate with the pivoting section 36 of the body 24 so that the washer 26 can pivot along the pivoting axis A36 relative to the body 24, the second inner section 44 having an axis A44 parallel or coincident with the axis A42.1 of the first inner section 42.1.

[0035] According to one configuration, the first inner section 42.1 has a smaller section than that of the second inner section 44 and the first and second inner sections 42.1, 44 are connected by a second shoulder 46, perpendicular to the axes A42.1, A44 of the first and second inner sections 42.1, 44. This second shoulder 46 can form a stop limiting the travel of the washer 26 relative to the body 24 in a direction parallel to the pivot axis A36.

[0036] According to the first embodiment, the washer 26 comprises an outer peripheral surface 48 configured to allow the washer 26 of the nut 22 to be pivoted using a tool. According to one configuration, the outer peripheral surface 48 comprises at least one outer portion with a polygonal section, such as a hexagonal section for example.

[0037] According to the second embodiment, the through-orifice 42 comprises at least a first inner section 42.1, forming a passage orifice, extending between the first and second transverse faces 40.1, 40.2 and having an axis A42.1. In addition, the washer 26 comprises an outer surface 48 having at least one cylindrical outer section 44', extending from the first transverse face 40.1, configured to cooperate with the pivoting section 36' of the body 24 so that the washer 26 can pivot along the pivoting axis A36' relative to the body 24, the outer section 44' having an axis A44' parallel or coincident with the axis A42.1 of the first inner section 42.1.

[0038] According to the second embodiment, the outer peripheral surface 48 is configured to allow the washer 26 of the nut 22 to be pivoted using a tool. According to one configuration, the outer peripheral surface 48 comprises, in addition to the outer section 44', at least one outer portion 48.1 with a polygonal section, such as a hexagonal section for example.

[0039] Whatever the embodiment, the washer 46 comprises: a through hole 42 which has a first smooth interior section 42.1 forming a passage orifice and having an axis A42.1, a cylindrical pivot section 44, 44' configured to cooperate with the pivot section 36, 36' of the body 24 so that the washer 26 can pivot along the pivot axis A36, A36' relative to the body 24.

[0040] According to the first embodiment, the pivoting section 44 of the washer 26 corresponds to a second inner section of the through hole 42. According to the second embodiment, the pivoting section 44' of the washer 26 corresponds to an outer section of the outer peripheral surface 48 of the washer 26.

[0041] According to a characteristic of the invention, the axis A42.1 of the first inner section 42.1 of the washer 26 is eccentric relative to the axis A44, A44' of the pivoting section 44, 44' of the washer 26 and / or the screwing axis A34 of the tapped inner section 34 of the body 24 is eccentric relative to the pivoting axis A36, A36' of the pivoting section 36, 36' of the body 24.

[0042] According to a configuration visible on the figure 2 , the screw axis A34 of the threaded inner section 34 and the pivot axis A36 of the pivot section of the body 24 are the same. In addition, the axis A42.1 of the first inner section 42.1 of the washer 26 is eccentric relative to the axis A44 of the pivot section 44 of the washer 26.

[0043] According to another configuration, the axis A42.1 of the first inner section 42.1 and the axis A44, A44' of the pivoting section 44, 44' of the washer 26 are merged. In addition, the screwing axis A34 of the threaded inner section 34 of the body 24 is eccentric relative to the pivoting axis A36, A36' of the pivoting section 36, 36' of the body 24.

[0044] According to another configuration visible on the figure 10 , the axis A42.1 of the first inner section 42.1 of the washer 26 is eccentric relative to the axis A44' of the pivoting section 44' of the washer 26 and the screwing axis A34 of the tapped inner section 34 of the body 24 is eccentric relative to the pivoting axis A36' of the pivoting section 36' of the body 24.

[0045] Whatever the configuration, the washer 26 can pivot relative to the body 24 in order to occupy different angular positions, the washer 26 having a passage orifice eccentric relative to the screwing axis A34 of the threaded inner section 34 of the body 24. According to one embodiment, the first inner section 42.1 of the through hole 42 of the washer 26 is smooth and preferably cylindrical. According to another embodiment, the surface of the first inner section 42.1 has a surface condition making it possible to obtain a high coefficient of friction between the first inner section 42.1 and the rod 18. The first inner section 42.1 comprises a section such that the first inner section 42.1 does not interfere with the rod 18 and allows its passage in at least a first angular position of the washer 26, as illustrated in the figures 5 , 8 et 10 , and interferes with the rod 18 in at least a second angular position of the washer 26, as illustrated in the figures 6 And 9 , taking into account the eccentricity of the axis A42.1 of the first inner section 42.1 of the washer 26 relative to the screwing axis A34 of the inner section 34 threaded into the body 24.

[0046] According to one embodiment, the pivoting section 36, 36' of the body 24 is threaded (or tapped) and the pivoting section 44, 44' of the washer 26 is tapped (or threaded) to allow the washer 26 to be screwed onto the body 24.

[0047] According to another embodiment, the pivoting section 36, 36' of the body 24 and the pivoting section 44, 44' of the washer 26 are smooth and have substantially equal diameters so as to obtain a pivoting connection between the washer 26 and the body 24. In addition, the nut 22 comprises a system for immobilizing the washer 26 relative to the body 24, in translation in a direction parallel to the pivoting axis A36, A36', such as a circlip housed astride grooves provided at the level of the pivoting section 36, 36' of the body 24 and the pivoting section 44, 44' of the washer 26.

[0048] Regardless of the embodiment, the pivoting sections of the body and the washer 36, 36', 44, 44' are coaxial in operation and connected by a connection limiting the translational movements in a direction parallel to the pivot axis A36, A36'. This solution makes it possible to obtain a secure connection between the body 24 and the washer 26 limiting the risks of detachment in the presence of vibrations. The connection between the pivoting sections of the body and the washer 36, 36', 44, 44' is a helical connection.

[0049] The operating principle of the nut is described with regard to the figures 4 à 6 , 8 et 9 .

[0050] In a first step, the rod 18 is put in place so that its threaded section 18.1 projects relative to a contact face 10.1 of a first part 10 of an assembly.

[0051] In a second step, the washer 26 being positioned relative to the body 24 so that the first inner section 42.1 does not interfere with the rod 18 and allows its passage, the nut 22 is screwed onto the rod 18 starting from the free end of the rod 18, as illustrated in the figure 4 , until the body 24 is in contact with the contact face 10.1, as illustrated in the figure 5 The nut 22 is then tightened, so as to induce a desired preload, using a wrench engaged on the first outer section 28.1 with polygonal section of the body 24 of the nut.

[0052] When the nut 22 is tightened, the washer 26 is screwed or pivoted relative to the body 24, using a wrench engaged on the outer portion 48.1 with polygonal section of the washer 26, until the first inner section 42.1 interferes with the rod 18, as illustrated in the figures 6 And 9. From then on, the nut 22 is tightened and locked in rotation relative to the rod 18.

Claims

1. Nut (22) comprising a body (24) having a through-hole (32) having at least one tapped interior portion (34) configured to enable the nut to be screwed onto a shank (18) in operation and a cylindrical pivoting portion (36, 36') having an axis of pivoting (A36, A36'), the nut (22) comprising a washer (26) having a pivoting portion (44, 44') configured to cooperate with the pivoting portion (36, 36') of the body (24) so that the washer (26) can pivot relative to the body (24), and a through-hole (42) comprising a first plain interior portion (42.1) having an axis (A42.1), the pivoting portion (44, 44') of the washer (26) having an axis of pivoting (A44, A44') that is eccentric with respect to the axis (A42.1) of the first interior portion (42.1) of the washer (26) and / or the tapped interior portion (34) of the body (24) having an axis of screw-fastening (A34) that is eccentric with respect to the axis of pivoting (A36, A36') of the pivoting portion (36, 36') of the body (24), the first interior portion (42.1) of the washer (26) comprising a cross section that is such that, when a shank (18) is screwed into the tapped interior portion (34) in operation, the first interior portion (42.1) does not interfere with the shank (18) in at least one first angular position of the washer (26) and does interfere with the shank (18) in at least one second angular position of the washer (26), the pivoting portions of the body and of the washer (36, 36', 44, 44') being coaxial in operation, characterized in that the pivoting portion (36, 36') of the body (24) is threaded or tapped and in that the pivoting portion (44, 44') of the washer (26) is tapped or threaded so as to enable the washer (26) to be screwed onto the body (24).

2. Nut (22) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the through-hole (42) comprises a second interior portion forming the pivoting portion (44) of the washer (26).

3. Nut (22) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the washer (26) comprises an exterior peripheral surface (48) configured to allow the washer (26) to be pivoted by means of a tool.

4. Nut (22) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the washer (26) comprises an exterior peripheral surface (48) having at least one exterior portion forming the pivoting portion (44') of the washer (26).

5. Nut (22) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the exterior peripheral surface (48) is configured to allow the washer (26) to be pivoted by means of a tool.

6. Nut (22) according to Claim 3 or 5, characterized in that the exterior peripheral surface (48) comprises at least one exterior portion (48.1) of polygonal cross section.

7. Nut (22) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body (24) and / or the washer (26) comprise at least one shoulder (38, 38', 46) to form a stop limiting the travel of the washer (26) with respect to the body (24) in a direction parallel to the axis of pivoting (A36, A36').

8. Threaded fastener having a shank (18) with a threaded portion (18.1) and a nut (22) according to one of the preceding claims.

9. Assembly comprising a threaded fastener according to the preceding claim.