Acoustic insulation product comprising a rear layer

Abstract

The invention relates to an acoustic insulation product (5) comprising a panel (1) made of porous material, based on foam or fibres, comprising a first face, referred to as back face (20), intended to face towards a wall, and a second face, referred to as front face (30), situated on the opposite side to the back face (20), and a layer, referred to as backing layer (2), which adheres to or is linked or coupled at least in part to the back face (20) of the panel (1) made of porous material, the backing layer (2) having an airflow resistance of between 5 kPa.s / m and 20 kPa.s / m, preferably between 7 kPa.s / m and 15 kPa.s / m. The acoustic insulation product according to the invention is able to improve both acoustic insulation and noise absorption.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an acoustic insulation product intended to be used in particular as a suspended ceiling tile.

[0002] Suspended ceilings are widely used in the service sector to conceal technical equipment above rooms. The space above a suspended ceiling is called the plenum. From an acoustic point of view, suspended ceilings serve two main functions: ensure good absorption of acoustic waves (which is fundamental for acoustic comfort), and, possibly, achieve acoustic insulation between two adjacent rooms connected by a plenum located above the suspended ceiling.

[0003] Suspended ceiling tiles are often composed of a fiber-based panel, such as mineral wool, or another porous material, onto which the following are applied: a front veil providing an aesthetic function and acoustic correction for absorption, and a rear veil ensuring airtightness between the room and the plenum.

[0004] These acoustic systems have essentially two drawbacks: low sound absorption at low frequencies, and resonance phenomena in the plenum, which propagate sound through the ceiling, negatively impacting sound insulation.

[0005] US 2016 / 159028 A1 discloses a sound insulation product comprising the characteristics of the preamble of claim 1.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need for a soundproofing product that improves both sound insulation and sound absorption.

[0007] To this end, the invention proposes an acoustic insulation product comprising the characteristics of claim 1.

[0008] According to another characteristic, the back layer is a woven or non-woven fibrous veil, a layer of paint or even a layer of compressed mineral wool, or even a plastic film, or any other material in the form of a membrane or film.

[0009] According to another characteristic, the back layer has a thickness less than or equal to 1 cm, preferably less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0010] Another distinctive feature is that the back layer is micro-perforated.

[0011] According to another peculiarity, the micro-perforated back layer has, for a thickness L, a perforation rate ϕ and a perforation diameter D such that ϕD 2< = 32η × L / (σL), where σL denotes the resistance to airflow of the micro-perforated back layer and η the dynamic viscosity of the air.

[0012] According to another characteristic, the porous material panel, based on foam or fibers, is a mineral and / or plant wool and / or synthetic wool panel, an open porosity foam panel or a wet-process agglomerated fiber panel.

[0013] According to another characteristic, the porous material panel has a surface density between 0.8 kg / m² and 10 kg / m².

[0014] According to another characteristic, the porous material panel has an airflow resistivity preferably between 50 kPa.s / m 2< and 110 kPa.s / m2, or even between 50 kPa.s / m 2< and 100 kPa.s / m 2<, or even between 50 kPa.s / m 2< and 90 kPa.s / m 2<, or even between 50 kPa.s / m 2< and 80 kPa.s / m 2<.

[0015] According to another characteristic, the porous material panel has a Young's modulus between 0.1 MPa and 4 MPa, preferably between 0.5 and 4 MPa, even more preferably between 0.8 and 4 MPa, or even between 1.2 MPa and 4 MPa, or between 1.5 MPa and 4 MPa, or between 2 MPa and 4 MPa.

[0016] According to another characteristic, the porous material panel has a thickness between 10 mm and 60 mm.

[0017] According to another feature, the sound insulation product further comprises a second layer, called the front layer, in the form of a veil, membrane, film, paint or plaster coating, bonded or glued to the front face of the porous material panel, this front layer having an airflow resistance of less than or equal to 1 kPa.s / m, preferably less than or equal to 0.5 kPa.s / m.

[0018] According to another feature, the acoustic insulation product is intended to be used as an acoustic ceiling tile on a frame suspended from a ceiling with a plenum between the acoustic insulation product and the ceiling.

[0019] The acoustic insulation product can also perform thermal insulation, particularly in the case of thermoregulating (heating and / or cooling) ceiling or wall systems. This embodiment is also included in the invention.

[0020] The invention also relates to a sound insulation system suspended under a ceiling or in front of a wall, comprising a suspension structure for an insulating facing at a distance from the ceiling or wall, wherein the facing comprises at least one sound insulation product according to the invention, the back layer being oriented towards the ceiling or wall.

[0021] The invention also relates to a use of the acoustic insulation product according to the invention as an acoustic ceiling tile on a frame suspended from a ceiling with a plenum between the acoustic insulation product and the ceiling, the back layer being oriented towards the ceiling or the wall.

[0022] Other features and advantages of the invention will now be described with reference to the drawings on which: There Fig. 1 represents a cross-sectional view of a sound insulation product according to the invention; The Fig. 2 represents a cross-sectional view of an acoustic insulation product in its use as a suspended ceiling tile.

[0023] Reference numbers that are identical across different figures represent similar or identical elements.

[0024] The invention relates to a sound insulation product comprising: a porous material panel, in particular foam- or fibre-based, comprising a first face, called the back face, intended to be turned towards a surface such as a ceiling or a wall, and a second face, called the front face, located opposite the back face, a layer, called the back layer, which adheres to or is bonded or coupled at least in part to the back face of the porous material panel, the back layer having an airflow resistance of between 5 kPa.S / m and 20 kPa.s / m, preferably between 7 kPa.s / m and 15 kPa.s / m.

[0025] The measurement of resistance to airflow is carried out according to the ISO 9053 standard.

[0026] The airflow resistance of the back layer according to the invention represents a limited capacity for air to pass through it, which can be attributed to the presence of small pores in the layer. Since the airflow resistance of the back layer is between 5 kPa·s / m and 20 kPa·s / m, it introduces energy dissipation through viscous friction of the air set in motion by the acoustic wave. When acoustic waves not dissipated in the porous material panel and the back layer pass through the plenum, they undergo multiple reflections. During these multiple reflections, some of the acoustic waves are reflected off the back layer and absorbed by it due to the back layer's airflow resistance, unlike in the case where the back layer were airtight. Thus, absorption is significantly improved, particularly at low frequencies.

[0027] The invention also overcomes a watertight crossbeam of the prior art which, by forming an almost perfectly reflective face for acoustic waves, amplifies the energy of the resonance modes in the plenum.

[0028] On the contrary, the airflow resistance of the back layer according to the invention allows some of the acoustic waves to pass through it. The acoustic insulation between the room and the plenum is therefore slightly reduced. However, the airflow resistance of the back layer is chosen so as not to degrade the acoustic insulation, that is, to maintain the inertial effects of the porous material panel. Furthermore, since some of the acoustic waves are dissipated in the back layer, the intensity of the acoustic waves reflected in the plenum is reduced, and the acoustic insulation between two adjacent rooms is improved. The dissipation provided in the plenum by the back layer reduces wave propagation within that same plenum.This phenomenon compensates for the loss of inertial effect due to the passage through the back layer and allows, when the flow resistance of the back layer is advantageously chosen in the range according to the invention, to improve the acoustic insulation D nf from one piece to another.

[0029] Thus, the sound insulation product according to the invention does indeed improve both sound insulation and sound absorption.

[0030] There figure 1 Figure 5 represents a cross-sectional view of a sound insulation product according to the invention. The sound insulation product 5 comprises a panel made of porous material 1, in particular foam or fiber-based. Thus, the panel made of porous material 1 is, for example, a mineral and / or plant-based and / or synthetic wool panel, an open-porosity foam panel, or a wet-process bonded fiber panel such as mineral and / or cellulose fibers shaped by suspension with a mineral or organic binder.

[0031] The porous material panel has a first main face, called the back face 20, intended to be turned towards a wall, which can be a ceiling (7 on the figure 2 ) or a wall, and a second face, called the front face 30, located opposite the rear face 20. The front face is intended to face the interior of a room (4 on the figure 2 ) or even a corridor.

[0032] The acoustic insulation product 5 further comprises a layer, referred to as the back layer 2, which adheres to, is bonded to, or is coupled at least partially to the back face 20 of the porous material panel 1. The bonding or adhesion is preferably achieved by gluing, for example, in the form of dots or lines of adhesive. The entire surface of the back layer need not be coated with adhesive. The back layer 2 is, for example, a woven or non-woven fibrous fleece, a layer of paint, a layer of compressed mineral wool, a plastic film, or any type of material in the form of a film or membrane. When the back layer 2 is a layer of paint, it is applied to the porous material panel 1 in liquid form and allowed to dry.There is then no gluing step, but a priming step may take place. The paint may possibly contain a porogenic agent to provide adequate resistance to air passage.

[0033] The rear layer 2 has an airflow resistance between 5 kPa·s / m and 20 kPa·s / m to improve both sound absorption, particularly at low frequencies, and sound insulation, as explained above. This carefully chosen range of airflow resistance is what enables this technical effect. Below 5 kPa·s / m, sound insulation is degraded. Above 20 kPa·s / m, there is no further gain in absorption. Preferably, the airflow resistance is between 7 kPa·s / m and 15 kPa·s / m, which further improves sound absorption and sound insulation. The airflow resistance measurement is performed according to ISO 9053.

[0034] The back layer, for example, has a thickness of less than or equal to 1 cm, preferably less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0035] In a particular embodiment shown in the figure 1 The back layer 2 can be micro-perforated, i.e., micro-perforations 4 are made through the back layer 2. These micro-perforations 4 can, for example, be made in a back layer 2 already in place on the porous material panel 1, which has the advantage of not blocking the micro-perforations 4 when the back layer 2 is glued to the porous material panel 1. In this embodiment, the micro-perforations 4 can be made in a back layer 2 made of a so-called airtight fiber veil (having an air flow resistance before perforation greater than 50 kPa.s / m) so as to give it an air flow resistance after perforation of between 5 kPa.s / m and 20 kPa.s / m, preferably between 7 kPa.s / m and 15 kPa.s / m.

[0036] When the back layer 2 is micro-perforated, it has, for example, for a thickness L, a perforation rate ϕ and a perforation diameter D such that: ϕD 2 = 32 η × L / σL where σL denotes the airflow resistance of the micro-perforated back layer and η the dynamic viscosity of the air.

[0037] Alternatively, the back layer can be perforated with multi-diameter micro-perforations.

[0038] In addition, the porous material panel 1 preferably has a surface density between 0.8 kg / m² and 10 kg / m², so as to have sufficient mechanical strength for application as a ceiling tile while not being too heavy.

[0039] The porous material panel 1 has an airflow resistivity between 30 kPa·s / m² and 120 kPa·s / m² to absorb sound waves. Preferably, the porous material panel 1 has an airflow resistivity between 50 kPa·s / m² and 110 kPa·s / m², or even between 50 kPa·s / m² and 100 kPa·s / m², or between 50 kPa·s / m² and 90 kPa·s / m², or even between 50 kPa·s / m² and 80 kPa·s / m², to improve its sound absorption. The airflow resistivity is measured by dividing the panel's airflow resistance by its thickness.

[0040] The porous material panel 1 also preferably has a Young's modulus between 0.1 MPa and 4 MPa to provide acoustic insulation. Preferably, the porous material panel 1 has a Young's modulus between 0.5 MPa and 4 MPa, and even more preferably between 0.8 MPa and 4 MPa, or even between 1.2 MPa and 4 MPa, or between 1.5 MPa and 4 MPa, or between 2 MPa and 4 MPa to improve its acoustic insulation. The Young's modulus measurement is performed according to ISO 18437 and the article by C. Langlois, R. Panneton, and N. Atalla: "Polynomial relations for quasi-static mechanical characterization of isotropic poroelastic materials," J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 110:3032-3040, 2001.

[0041] The porous material panel 1 preferably has a thickness between 10 mm and 60 mm. This thickness range ensures good mechanical strength of the panel and sufficient absorption of acoustic waves for use as a ceiling tile.

[0042] The acoustic insulation product 5 preferably includes a second layer, referred to as the front layer 3, in the form of a veil, membrane, film, paint, or plaster coating, bonded or glued to the front face 30 of the porous material panel 1. This front layer primarily serves a decorative function. It has an airflow resistance of less than or equal to 1 kPa·s / m, preferably less than or equal to 0.5 kPa·s / m, so as to allow sufficient air to enter the porous material panel 1 to enable sound absorption and insulation by the porous material panel 1 and by the back layer 2.

[0043] Acoustic insulation product 5 also preferably provides thermal insulation.

[0044] Two sound insulation products were tested in sound absorption and sound insulation: a reference product and a product according to the invention.

[0045] The reference acoustic insulation product tested comprises a mineral wool panel with a surface density of 5 kg / m², a thickness of 50 mm, a Young's modulus of 0.65 MPa and an airflow resistivity of 85 kPa.s / m, a non-woven glass fiber backing with an airflow resistance of 70 kPa.s / m and a thickness of 0.6 mm, and a fronting with an airflow resistance of 0.5 kPa.s / m.

[0046] The acoustic insulation product according to the invention is the same product, in which the backing has further been perforated with micro-perforations of diameter 0.18 mm, with a perforation rate of 0.15%. The airflow resistance of the micro-perforated backing was measured at 7.5 kPa.s / m.

[0047] Sound absorption and sound insulation were measured on both products. Sound absorption was measured according to ISO 354. The αw value was then calculated according to ISO 11654. Throughout the application, measurements were taken with a plenum of 200 mm in construction height.

[0048] Acoustic insulation is measured according to ISO 10848-1. The D nfw indicator is then calculated according to ISO 717-1. Throughout the application, measurements were taken with a plenum of 700 mm in construction height.

[0049] An acoustic absorption gain (αs and αw) of 0.05 was observed over the entire frequency range between 100 Hz and 5000 Hz and an insulation gain of approximately +1 dB on the Dnf,w between the acoustic insulation product according to the invention, whose back layer has an airflow resistance of 7.5 kPa.s / m, and the reference acoustic insulation product, whose back layer has an airflow resistance of 100 kPa.s / m.

[0050] It has therefore been demonstrated that the sound insulation product according to the invention does indeed improve both sound insulation and sound absorption.

[0051] Acoustic insulation product 5 is primarily intended for use as a suspended ceiling tile. It can also be used as acoustic cladding on any other surface, such as a wall. A plenum between the acoustic insulation product and the surface ensures optimal performance.

[0052] There figure 2 represents a cross-sectional view of an acoustic insulation product in its use as a suspended ceiling tile.

[0053] There figure 2represents a suspended ceiling comprising a metal framework 7 fixed to a ceiling wall and having at its lower end a lip 9 on which the ceiling tiles rest, each ceiling tile being formed of a sound insulation product 5 according to the invention. A plenum 6 is present between the ceiling wall 7 and the upper surface of the sound insulation product 5, namely the back layer 2. The rear face 20 of the sound insulation product 5, covered by the back layer 2, is oriented towards the ceiling wall 7. The front face 30 of the sound insulation product 5, covered here by a front layer 3, is oriented towards the interior of a room 4.

[0054] The invention also relates to the use of the acoustic insulation product 5 as an acoustic ceiling tile on a frame 8 suspended from a ceiling 7 with a plenum 6 between the acoustic insulation product 5 and the ceiling 7, as well as a corresponding acoustic insulation system. The invention also relates to a wall acoustic insulation system.

Claims

1. An acoustic insulation product (5), comprising: - a panel made of porous material (1), in particular based on foam or fibers, comprising a first face, referred to as back face (20), intended to face towards a wall surface, such as a ceiling or a wall, and a second face, referred to as front face (30), situated opposite to the back face (20), - a layer, referred to as backing layer (2), which adheres to or is linked or coupled at least in part to the back face (20) of the panel made of porous material (1), the backing layer (2) having an airflow resistance of between 5 kPa.s / m and 20 kPa.s / m, preferably between 7 kPa.s / m and 15 kPa.s / m, characterized in that the panel made of porous material (1) has an airflow resistivity of between 30 kPa.s / m2 and 120 kPa.s / m2.

2. The acoustic insulation product (5) according to claim 1, wherein the backing layer (2) is a woven or nonwoven fibrous web, a layer of paint or else a layer of compressed mineral wool, or even a plastic film or any material in the form of a film or of a membrane.

3. The acoustic insulation product (5) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the backing layer (2) has a thickness of less than or equal to 1 cm, preferably less than or equal to 1 mm.

4. The acoustic insulation product (5) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the backing layer (2) is microperforated.

5. The acoustic insulation product (5) according to claim 4, wherein the microperforated backing layer (2) has, for a thickness L, a degree of perforation ϕ and a perforation diameter D such that ϕD2 = 32η × L / (σL), where σL denotes the airflow resistance of the microperforated backing layer and η the dynamic viscosity of the air.

6. The acoustic insulation product (5) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the panel (1) made of porous material, based on foam or fibers, is a panel made of mineral and / or plant and / or synthetic wool, a panel made of foam with open porosity, or else a panel of agglomerated fibers obtained by the wet route.

7. The acoustic insulation product (5) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the panel made of porous material (1) has a surface density of between 0.8 kg / m2 and 10 kg / m2.

8. The acoustic insulation product (5) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the panel made of porous material (1) has an airflow resistivity of between 50 kPa.s / m2 and 110 kPa.s / m2, or even between 50 kPa.s / m2 and 100 kPa.s / m2, or else between 50 kPa.s / m2 and 90 kPa.s / m2, or even between 50 kPa.s / m2 and 80 kPa.s / m2.

9. The acoustic insulation product (5) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the panel made of porous material (1) has a Young's modulus of between 0.1 MPa and 4 MPa, preferably of between 0.5 MPa and 4 MPa, even more preferably of between 0.8 MPa and 4 MPa, or even between 1.2 MPa and 4 MPa, or else between 1.5 MPa and 4 MPa, or between 2 MPa and 4 MPa.

10. The acoustic insulation product (5) according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the panel made of porous material (1) has a thickness of between 10 mm and 60 mm.

11. The acoustic insulation product (5) according to one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising a second layer, referred to as front layer (3), in the form of a web, a membrane, a film, a paint or a plaster layer, connected or adhesively bonded to the front face (30) of the panel made of porous material (1), this front layer (3) having an airflow resistance of less than or equal to 1 kPa.s / m, preferably less than or equal to 0.5 kPa.s / m.

12. The acoustic insulation product (5) according to one of claims 1 to 11, intended to be used as an acoustic ceiling tile on a frame (8) suspended from a ceiling (7) with a plenum (6) between the acoustic insulation product (5) and the ceiling (7).

13. An acoustic insulation system suspended under a ceiling or in front of a wall, comprising a structure for suspending an insulating cladding at a distance from the ceiling (7) or from the wall, wherein the cladding comprises at least one acoustic insulation product (5) according to one of claims 1 to 12, the backing layer (2) being oriented toward the ceiling (7) or the wall.

14. A use of the acoustic insulation product according to one of claims 1 to 12 as an acoustic ceiling tile on a frame (8) suspended from a ceiling (7) with a plenum (6) between the acoustic insulation product (5) and the ceiling (7), the backing layer (2) being oriented toward the ceiling (7).

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