Construction kit with hydraulic control block and hydraulic axle

Abstract

Disclosed is a hydraulic control block for controlling a pressure medium supply of a hydro-cylinder of an electro- or servo-hydraulic axle, having interior hydraulic interfaces via which piston surfaces of the hydro-cylinder can be fluidically connected to a pressure medium source and / or a pressure medium sink of the axle. Also disclosed is a hydraulic axle therewith and with a hydro-cylinder at least hydraulically connected to the control block.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a kit with hydraulic cylinders of different designs and a hydraulic control block according to patent claim 1 as well as a hydraulic axle with the kit according to patent claim 32.

[0002] Generic hydraulic axles have a drive module and an output module.

[0003] The drive module comprises a drive motor, for example an electric motor, in particular a servo motor, which is connected via a coupling to a drive shaft of a hydraulic machine designed as a hydraulic pump. The latter is fluidically and mechanically connected to a hydraulic control block. Particularly compact designs accommodate the drive unit or at least some sections of the drive unit of the hydraulic machine in the control block. The output side is formed by a hydraulic cylinder or, more generally, a hydraulic actuator. This is also fluidically and mechanically connected to the control block, resulting in a spatially and mechanically compact arrangement for the axle.

[0004] The mechanical and hydraulic connection between the drive module and the actuator is specifically tailored to the actuator itself and its associated criteria. Considerations include the cylinder design in terms of the number and arrangement of piston surfaces, such as two-chamber or three-chamber cylinders, a piston diameter, a rod diameter, cylinder tube diameter, and various standardized actuator mounting types, such as mounting via a head flange or a trunnion. Further criteria include a guide and sealing system, as well as the orientation of the drive module relative to the actuator.

[0005] Conventional hydraulic control blocks prove to be comparatively inflexible in this regard, as the orientation of the drive module is fixed and unchangeable. In addition, a large number of different components must be used in an existing product portfolio of electro-hydraulic axles due to the aforementioned criteria. The variance of potentially applicable actuators, particularly hydraulic cylinders, leads to a large variance in control block designs, as each hydraulic cylinder must be individually adapted with a mechanical and hydraulic connection. This represents considerable cost in terms of design, production, and management of design and production data. Fundamentally, it should be noted that the high variance in possible hydraulic cylinders is necessarily transferred to the hydraulic control block.If this also has different variants, such as different hydraulic circuits offered, the multiplication of the two variance-bearing objects results in a large number of configurations that must be managed and maintained.

[0006] Document EP 1 316 732 A1 shows a hydraulic control block for supplying pressure medium to various working units that have a different number of double-acting hydraulic cylinders. For this purpose, a series of switching valves is provided in the control block, each of which is routed in pairs to a working port of the control block. One switching valve of each pair is connected to a pressure medium source and the other to a pressure medium sink.

[0007] The publication WO 2018 20 22 90 A1 shows a pneumatic control block for supplying compressed air to a double-acting pneumatic cylinder. Control is achieved by means of a control unit attached to the control block. The control block is divided into numerous subordinate functional modules, which are interchangeable with each other and in their sequence due to identical interfaces. The functionality of the control unit can be varied by inserting or removing them.

[0008] The publication US 382 49 00 A shows a hydraulic control block for a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. Bores in the control block for connecting the hydraulic cylinder to a pressure medium source and a pressure medium sink are tapped.

[0009] WO 2005 106 257 A1 discloses an annular hydraulic control block that surrounds the cylinder tube of a hydraulic cylinder to supply the cylinder with pressure fluid. This allows for a compact design. The control block has radially internal hydraulic interfaces for supplying pressure fluid to a rod-side annular chamber of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0010] US 323 35 23 A shows a control block with a control valve and a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. The control block has pressure fluid channels through which each of the two cylinder chambers can be supplied with pressure fluid. The connection is established via a connecting sleeve that taps into the corresponding channel.

[0011] In contrast, the invention is based on the object of creating a kit with hydraulic cylinders of different designs and a hydraulic control block for a hydraulic, in particular electro-hydraulic, axle, which allows for high variance with low expenditure. Furthermore, the object is to create a hydraulic, in particular electro-hydraulic, axle with high variance and equally low expenditure. The first object is achieved by a kit with hydraulic cylinders of different designs and a hydraulic control block with the features of patent claim 1, and the second by a hydraulic axle with the features of patent claim 32. Advantageous developments of the inventions are described in the respective dependent claims.

[0012] A hydraulic control block usable for all hydraulic cylinders in the kit has hydraulic interfaces arranged in the control block to control the pressure supply to each hydraulic cylinder in the kit. The piston surfaces of each hydraulic cylinder in the kit can be fluidically connected, in particular brought into fluid communication, with a pressure source and / or a pressure sink on the axle. The pressure source is preferably a high-pressure side of a hydraulic machine, and the pressure sink is its low-pressure side or a tank. According to the invention, the internal hydraulic interfaces are provided for the selective pressure supply of hydraulic cylinders of different designs.For this purpose, an insert part is provided which is specifically designed for each hydraulic cylinder of the kit and depends on the design of a corresponding hydraulic cylinder of the kit, from which one of the internal hydraulic interfaces for the fluidic connection can be tapped and locked.

[0013] This shifts the respective variance of the combination of possible designs of the control block and the hydraulic cylinder, which traditionally results in an individual control block for each design of the hydraulic cylinder, into the insert part. This means that several designs of the hydraulic cylinder can be supplied with pressure medium using one, or in particular just one, design of the control block without having to modify the control block, or more precisely its base body. Only the insert part needs to be adapted or replaced if a hydraulic cylinder of a different design is to be connected. This reduces the effort and costs for designing, manufacturing, storing and adapting the control block. The aforementioned effort and costs are shifted to the insert part component, which is significantly easier to design, manufacture, store and adapt, and are thus reduced. The control block thus enables a high degree of variance with little effort.

[0014] Preferably, the insert part is mounted at least partially within the base body of the control block. By virtue of its stable mounting in the control block, the insert part can, in addition to the aforementioned tapping and / or blocking of the internal hydraulic interfaces, provide support, guidance, and / or fastening for the hydraulic cylinder in and / or on the control block.

[0015] In an alternative, the insert part is designed as an adapter that can be detachably connected or connected to the corresponding hydraulic cylinder.

[0016] In a further development, depending on the design, the adapter has at least one tap or at least one lock on the side of the control block and / or on the side of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder.

[0017] Alternatively, the insert part is formed as a structural unit with the corresponding hydraulic cylinder. In other words, the respective design of the hydraulic cylinder has specific, adapter-like geometries for tapping and / or blocking the internal hydraulic interfaces. In particular, the insert part is formed integrally with a section of the hydraulic cylinder or by a section of the hydraulic cylinder. The section is, in particular, a housing section, in particular a cylinder head, cylinder base, or cylinder tube section of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0018] In a further development, a scope of delivery or an arrangement of the control block comprises several insert parts, in particular adapters, designed depending on different designs of the hydraulic cylinder, with only one or one of them being inserted. The arrangement can comprise one or more insert parts or adapters.

[0019] In a further development, all internal hydraulic interfaces, or at least a minority of them, are tapped from the insert part.

[0020] In a further development, each tapped internal hydraulic interface is fluidically connected to at least one piston surface of the hydraulic cylinder that is permanently assigned to it.

[0021] The design of the hydraulic cylinders in the kit, and thus the configuration of the insert part, in particular the adapter, adapted to each hydraulic cylinder, is determined in one refinement at least by a piston area ratio, in particular the configuration as a single-, double-, triple-, or multi-surface or multi-chamber cylinder, and / or by a piston area ratio, in particular the configuration as a double-, differential-, tandem-, or telescopic cylinder, and / or by a cylinder diameter in the form of a piston diameter and / or a cylinder tube outer diameter of the hydraulic cylinder. The variance lies solely in the insert part, in particular the adapter.

[0022] However, the hydraulic interfaces do not all have to be located within the control block in the area of ​​the insert, especially the adapter. At least one hydraulic interface can be provided externally or on the hydraulic control block. This then makes it possible to supply pressure fluid, in particular, to a piston chamber located far away from the control block.

[0023] In a further development, none of the internal hydraulic interfaces are tapped by the insert. Instead, all of them are blocked by it. The hydraulic cylinder's pressure medium is then supplied only via the at least one external hydraulic interface of the control block.

[0024] The number of internal and external hydraulic interfaces preferably sums to a maximum piston area index of the different designs. In the case of only internal hydraulic interfaces, their number preferably equals this maximum piston area index.

[0025] In a further development, a recess or through-hole, preferably a bore or through-hole, is provided in the control block in a simple and highly precise manner, into which the insert part, in particular the adapter, is inserted.

[0026] In a further development, the bore or through-hole is formed in a side surface of the control block, into which it opens with a radial extension, forming a contact shoulder. The insert part, in particular the adapter, is inserted into the bore or through-hole, with a radial collar of the insert part, in particular the adapter, being supported on the contact shoulder.

[0027] In a further development, the through hole is symmetrical with respect to its hole direction, i.e. with respect to a plane whose normal is the hole direction, or at least has a symmetrical basic shape, in particular apart from possible notches, reworking or the like.

[0028] In this case, the radial extension or contact shoulder is preferably provided at both end sections of the through-bore. This allows the insert part, in particular the adapter, and thus in particular the hydraulic cylinder, to be inserted rotated 180° around its vertical axis.

[0029] Preferably, the internal hydraulic interfaces each have at least one opening into the bore or through-bore.

[0030] In a further development, these openings are spaced apart from one another in the direction of the bore, in particular axially.

[0031] In a further development, these openings extend around the inside of the bore or through-bore, either completely or partially.

[0032] In particular, they extend as grooves.

[0033] A pressure medium channel, which passes through the control block or its base body at least in sections, opens into each of the grooves.

[0034] A pressure medium connection with three piston chambers is possible in particular if, in a further development, two internal hydraulic interfaces are provided, of which a first has an opening into the bore or through-bore and the second has two openings into the bore or through-bore.

[0035] If the aforementioned two orifices are arranged symmetrically to the aforementioned one orifice in a bore direction, i.e. with respect to a plane whose normal is the bore direction, the hydraulic cylinder can be arranged in a simple manner rotated about its vertical axis by, in particular, 180°.

[0036] In order to be able to assemble the insert part, in particular the adapter, as reliably as possible and to avoid having to provide any measures for its rotational alignment, the openings of the internal hydraulic interfaces are formed in a further development on the inside in an inner circumferential surface of the bore or through-bore, in particular as full or partial circumferential grooves or annular channels.

[0037] A tap associated with the respective mouth is then designed as a transverse or radial bore in the insert part, in particular adapter, which is at least partially covered by the respective mouth.

[0038] Conversely, it is of course possible for the adapter-side taps to be designed as external circumferential grooves and the openings into the bore or through-bore to be designed as transverse or radial channels.

[0039] In one variant, the insert part, in particular the adapter, is designed as an adapter bushing with a through-hole, in particular a bore. The latter is in particular passable or penetrated by a piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder of the kit, whereby the insert part, in particular the adapter bushing, can be formed or arranged on the head side of the hydraulic cylinder, in particular is.

[0040] In a further development, a guide and / or bearing point is formed on an inner surface or on inner surface sections of the through-hole of the insert part, in particular the adapter bushing, on which a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder can be guided and / or supported, in particular guided and / or supported. This important function can thus also be relocated from the base or solid body of the hydraulic control block to the insert part, in particular the adapter or adapter bushing, which offers advantages with regard to guidance and support, as well as assembly of the piston rod.

[0041] In a further development, at least one sealing element is provided on an inner surface or on inner surface sections of the through-hole of the insert part, in particular the adapter bushing. This allows, for example, a rod seal to be formed to separate two piston chambers, thereby shifting this important function from the base or solid body of the hydraulic control block to the insert part, in particular the adapter or adapter bushing.

[0042] In the case of a multi-chamber, in particular tandem, cylinder, in a further development one of the piston surfaces can be sealed, in particular sealed, against another of the piston surfaces via the at least one sealing element and the piston rod.

[0043] In a further development, both internal hydraulic interfaces are used to supply pressure medium to at least two of the piston chambers of the multi-chamber cylinder. Together with the at least one external hydraulic interface, at least one three-chamber cylinder, in particular a tandem cylinder, can thus be supplied with pressure medium via the hydraulic interfaces.

[0044] In this document, pressure medium supply is understood to mean the loading or release of pressure medium, depending on the direction of movement.

[0045] In a further development, one of the piston surfaces can be sealed, in particular sealed, against the atmosphere via the at least one sealing element and the piston rod.

[0046] Fewer piston surfaces can be supplied with pressure medium if, in a further development, the insert part, in particular the adapter, is designed such that one of the two internal hydraulic interfaces is tapped, while the other is blocked. Together with the at least one external hydraulic interface, at least one two-chamber cylinder, in particular a double-acting or differential cylinder, can thus be supplied with pressure medium via the hydraulic interfaces.

[0047] For the differential cylinder or a two-chamber cylinder with only one piston rod, in a further development, the insert part, in particular the adapter, is formed by an adapter bushing with a front-end recess and a front-end base, thus being approximately pot-shaped. Only one of the two internal hydraulic interfaces is accessed, while the other is blocked. In this way, together with the at least one external hydraulic interface, at least one two-chamber cylinder, in particular a double-acting or differential cylinder, can be supplied with pressure fluid via the hydraulic interfaces.

[0048] In a further development, a pressure medium line, particularly in the form of a hydraulic pipe or hose, extends from each tap on the insert part, in particular on the adapter, and is routed outside a base body of the control block. This line is fluidly connectable or connected to a respective piston surface of a hydraulic cylinder of the kit or the associated piston chamber. Thus, the aforementioned advantages of the interfaces and the insert part, in particular the adapter, are also present when the hydraulic cylinder is located far away, i.e., the hydraulic axis is provided in a separate design.

[0049] In a further development, the insert part, in particular the adapter, is held directly or indirectly in the bore or through-bore via a first cover.

[0050] In a further development, a radial collar of the insert part, in particular adapter, is clamped directly or indirectly onto a radially expanded circumferential recess of the bore or through-bore via a first cover.

[0051] In a further development, the first cover is a first pipe or ring flange which is connected to a first cylinder tube of a corresponding hydraulic cylinder of the kit and which is fastened to a base body of the control block by means of tension screws.

[0052] A simple and easily detachable connection is provided if, in a further development, the first ring flange is a screw ring flange that is screwed onto the outside circumference of the first cylinder tube.

[0053] In order to clamp the insert part, in particular the adapter, onto the radially expanded circumferential recess of the bore or through-bore of the control block, in a further development an annular end face of the first cylinder tube has a projection relative to an annular end face of the first annular flange and is supported on a first end face of the insert part, in particular the adapter.

[0054] In a further development, a second cover is provided which is arranged opposite the first cover on the control block and which closes the through-bore in which the insert part, in particular the adapter, is arranged.

[0055] The second cover is advantageously decoupled from the insert part, in particular the adapter, with regard to a force flow.

[0056] In a further development, the second cover is penetrated for this purpose by a second cylinder tube of the hydraulic cylinder of the kit in a stress-free manner, i.e. without forces being able to be transmitted between the second cover and the second cylinder tube.

[0057] In a further development, the second cylinder tube is clamped onto the insert part, in particular the adapter, by means of tension rods anchored, in particular screwed, in a second end face of the insert part, in particular the adapter.

[0058] In order to center a cylinder tube on the insert part, in particular the adapter, and thus on the control block and / or for the coaxial alignment of cylinder tubes to one another, the insert part, in particular the adapter, has, in a further development, a front-side annular collar or a front-side annular recess, wherein the respective cylinder tube engages around the annular collar or dips into the annular recess.

[0059] Preferably, at least one sealing element is arranged between the cylinder tube and the annular collar or annular recess.

[0060] In a further development, the first and / or the second cover has a fastening eye for pivotably fastening the hydraulic cylinder and thus the hydraulic axis.

[0061] In a further development, the control block has fastening means for attaching hydraulic cylinders of different designs around a bore opening of the bore or through-hole. These fastening means are preferably formed symmetrically on both sides of the through-hole, so that each of the hydraulic cylinders, in particular each design, can be arranged rotated around its vertical axis, in particular by 180°, i.e., in two directions.

[0062] A hydraulic axle has a kit which is designed according to at least one aspect of the preceding description, wherein at least one of the piston surfaces of a hydraulic cylinder of the kit is fluidically connectable to one of the internal hydraulic interfaces via a tap of the corresponding insert part, in particular adapter.

[0063] Several exemplary embodiments of a kit according to the invention with hydraulic cylinders of different designs, a hydraulic control block, and a hydraulic axle according to the invention are shown in the drawings. The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the figures in these drawings.

[0064] They show: Figures 1a to c different designs of a hydraulic cylinder in schematic representation, Figures 2a to c a hydraulic axle according to the invention based on a differential cylinder, according to a first to third embodiment, Figures 3a to ca hydraulic axis according to the invention based on a synchronous cylinder, according to a fourth to sixth embodiment, Figures 4a and b a hydraulic axle according to the invention based on a tandem cylinder, according to a seventh to ninth embodiment, Fig. 5 the hydraulic axle according to Fig. 4a in a partial perspective view, Fig. 6 the hydraulic axle according to Fig. 4a and 5 in a partial section in the area of ​​a control block, as well as with a representation of the embodiment according to Fig. 4b , Fig. 7 the hydraulic axle according to Fig. 6 with enlarged partial section in the area of ​​the control block and an insert part designed as an adapter bush, Fig. 8a Internal hydraulic interfaces in the control block applicable to all embodiments, Fig. 8b Mounting interfaces on the control block applicable to all embodiments, Fig. 9the hydraulic axle according to Fig. 2c in a detailed section in the area of ​​the control block and the adapter bushing, Fig. 10a and 10b a detail of the cut according to Fig. 9 , when using different cylinder tubes according to the examples, Fig. 11 Mounting interfaces and an exposed adapter socket according to an embodiment, and Fig. 12 the hydraulic axis according to Fig. 3a in a longitudinal section in an area of ​​the adapter socket.

[0065] The following shows how, with the help of different adapter bushings that can be arranged in a hydraulic control block, different designs of hydraulic cylinders, which can differ in particular in the number of piston surfaces and cylinder tube diameters, can be connected to the same hydraulic control block base body - and more broadly to the same hydraulic drive module.

[0066] Figures 1a to 1cshow different designs of hydraulic cylinders. Fig. 1a shows a differential cylinder 2 with a first piston rod 8, on which a first piston 10 is arranged. This is guided in a first cylinder tube 12 and separates a first, annular piston chamber 14 from a second, bottom-side piston chamber 16. The piston chambers 14, 16 are fluidly connected to a pressure medium source or pressure medium sink of a hydraulic axle via a first and second hydraulic interface 18, 20. Fig. 1b shows a double-action cylinder that, purely functionally, has the same components 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, except that a second piston rod 20 is arranged on the first piston 10, which extends through the second piston chamber 16, out of the cylinder tube 12, and opposite the first piston rod 8. Unlike in a differential cylinder, a first piston surface 24 and a second piston surface 26 are of equal size. Fig. 1cshows a tandem cylinder, a special design of a multi-surface cylinder. It is a functional extension of the differential cylinder according to Fig. 1aA second cylinder tube 28 is connected to the first cylinder tube 12. A second piston 30 is guided within it. Both pistons 10, 30 are coupled via the second piston rod 22. The separation of the two cylinder tubes 12, 28 creates a third and fourth piston chamber 32, 34. A third hydraulic interface 36 is provided to supply pressure to the third piston chamber 32. The fourth piston chamber 34 is only connected to the atmosphere and "breathes" during piston movement. Because the diameter of the second piston 30 corresponds to the diameter of the first piston rod 8, a so-called pendulum or differential volume is generated during an extension / retraction movement of the tandem cylinder 6. By applying appropriate hydraulic pressure to the piston surfaces of the two pistons 10, 30, rapid and power strokes can be achieved.

[0067] The third hydraulic interface 36 is in the embodiment shown according to Fig. 1cdesigned as a branch of one of the aforementioned hydraulic interfaces.

[0068] By means of the insert part described in the general part of the description, in particular the adapter, the hydraulic interfaces and the fastening interfaces, Figures 2a to 4b Hydraulic cylinders of different designs (2, 4, 6) can be connected to a drive module 40 while maintaining the same hydraulic control block base body. The design of the control block, its interfaces, and its insert part, in particular the adapter, described below allows for extremely flexible connection of the drive module 40 and its spatial orientation relative to the hydraulic cylinder 2, 4, 6, and vice versa.

[0069] Basically, the drive module 40 has Fig. 5 (shown using the hydraulic axis according to Fig. 4a) an electric motor 42, which is coupled via a clutch 44 for transmitting torque to a hydraulic pump 48 (shown schematically on the right) housed in a hydraulic control block 46. The output module is the tandem cylinder 6 shown in the illustrated embodiment.

[0070] According to Fig. 6 The hydraulic axis 1 is shown in a side, partially sectioned view. In Fig. 6 top right is the design of the hydraulic axis 1 according to Fig. 4bshown schematically again. In the hydraulic control block 36, an adapter bushing 50 adapted to the design of the tandem cylinder 6 is arranged in a through-bore 62. The adapter bushing 50 engages the second and third, internal hydraulic interfaces 20, 36 and connects them to the associated piston chambers 16, 32. A "rigid," i.e., non-switchable, fluidic connection exists between the interfaces 20, 36 and the piston chambers 16, 32 via the adapter bushing 50. The first hydraulic interface 18' represents an external hydraulic interface of the control block 46. It is connected to a cylinder connection 18, which opens into the first piston chamber 14, via a hydraulic pipe 52 connected to the control block 46.

[0071] Furthermore, the hydraulic axis 1, more precisely the hydraulic control block 46, has fastening interfaces 54, 56 on both sides of the through-bore 62, which are provided to suit several possible designs of the hydraulic cylinder intended for use with the control block 46.

[0072] The through-bore 62 is closed by a first cover 58 on the side of the first cylinder tube 12 and a second cover 60 on the side of the second cylinder tube 38. As shown below, at least the first cover 58 in the respective embodiment assumes a fastening or clamping function for the adapter bushing 50.

[0073] With different adapter bushings in conjunction with the uniform hydraulic interfaces 20, 36, 18' for different designs of hydraulic cylinders 2, 4, 6 and the additionally symmetrical mounting interfaces 54, 56, different designs of hydraulic cylinders 2; 4; 6 can be connected to different drive modules 40 in such a way that a high variety of hydraulic axes 1 can be represented. This variety is not realized by means of many differently designed control blocks 46, but by bundling the variance of the designs 2; 4; 6 of the hydraulic cylinder and the theoretically necessary, respectively different control block 46, in the adapter bushing 50. In the hydraulic control block 46, according to Fig. 8a- for all designs 2; 4; 6 - a through-bore 62 is provided, which has an inner surface symmetrical with respect to a bore axis 64 and a plane of symmetry 66. Full-circumferential grooves or annular channels 70, 72, 74 are provided in this, evenly distributed and symmetrically arranged with respect to the plane of symmetry 66. Towards the side surfaces 76, 78 of the control block 46, the through-bore 62 opens with radial extensions 80, 82, which are also symmetrical with respect to the plane of symmetry 66. The groove 72 arranged centrally around the plane of symmetry 66 is according to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8a assigned to the second hydraulic interface 20 located inside the hydraulic control block 46 and in a fixed fluidic connection with it. The grooves 70, 74, distributed symmetrically to the plane of symmetry 66, are arranged according to Fig. 7 and 8aassigned to the third hydraulic interface 36, located internally in the hydraulic control block, and in a permanently assigned fluidic connection therewith. The groove 72 represents an annular opening of the second hydraulic interface 20, and the grooves 70, 74 represent annular openings of the third hydraulic interface 36 into the through-bore 62. The groove 74 is fluidically connected to the third hydraulic interface 36 indirectly via a pressure medium channel 37 formed in the control block 46 and the groove 70.

[0074] In other words, for all embodiments, the following applies: Fig. 8a Four webs with three circumferential annular channels 70, 72, 74 arranged between them are formed in the through hole 62.

[0075] Two fits 80, 82 are formed at end sections of the through hole 62.

[0076] The third hydraulic interface 36 is provided as an inlet / outlet of pressure medium, so that inflowing or outflowing pressure medium is provided in both grooves 70,74.

[0077] Using the adapter socket 50 according to Figure 7 In the case of the tandem cylinder, both internal hydraulic interfaces 20, 36 are tapped, wherein the second hydraulic interface 20 is fluidly connected to the second piston chamber 16 via the groove 72 and an associated radial bore 82, as well as a longitudinal bore 84 of the adapter bushing 50.

[0078] The third hydraulic interface 36 is connected via the groove 70 to the pressure medium channel 37, which opens into the groove 74. At least one radial bore 86 designed as a blind bore is provided for tapping the pressure medium. From this or these radial bores 86, a radial / axial channel 88, angled in the direction of the bore axis 64, extends to a front-end recess 90 of the adapter bushing 50, arranged opposite the recess 64. The third piston chamber 32 communicates with the recess 90. The second cylinder tube 38 is immersed in a radial extension 104 of the recess 90 and is thereby centered.

[0079] The adapter socket 50 according to Figure 6 and 7 thus applies to the tandem cylinder 6 attached to the hydraulic control block 46 (see also Figures 4a , 4b , 5 , 6), the internal hydraulic interfaces 20, 36 and directed pressure medium into the piston chambers 16, 32 provided for this cylinder design.

[0080] Since the inner surface 68 of the through-bore 62 is rotationally symmetrical and also mirror-symmetrical to the symmetry plane 66, and thus to a center plane of the hydraulic control block 46, it is possible to assemble the complete drive module 40 as shown in the Figures 4a , 4b and Figure 6 shown, rotated by 180°. The internal hydraulic interfaces 20, 36 are then connected to the piston chambers 16, 32 in the same way. The same arrangement rotated by 180° is also possible for the other designs, differential cylinder 2 and double-action cylinder 4, due to the internally arranged hydraulic interfaces 20, 36 and their orifices 70, 74, and 72, which are arranged symmetrically to the plane of symmetry 66.

[0081] The mechanical interfaces are Figure 8b On both sides of the through-hole 62, i.e., on both sides of the symmetry plane 66, identical mounting interfaces are provided in the form of an identical mounting hole pattern 54, 56. This can be used to mount the respective hydraulic cylinder 2, 4, 6, and other components.

[0082] According to Figure 7The adapter bushing 50 is fastened in the hydraulic control block 46 via the cover 58, which is designed as a screw ring flange. For this purpose, the annular flange 58 is designed with an internal thread 92 and is screwed onto an end section 94 of the first cylinder tube 12 on the control block side, which end section has an external thread. The annular flange 58 is screwed on so far that an annular end face of the first cylinder tube 12 projects out of the annular flange 58 at a distance 96. The annular flange 58 is fastened, or screwed, to the hydraulic control block 46 with tension screws 98. As a result of this and due to the gap 96 provided for clamping, the adapter bushing 50 is clamped into the hydraulic control block 46 via the annular end face of the first cylinder tube 12, which is supported on the end face of the adapter bushing 50. More precisely, a radial collar 100 of the adapter bushing 50 is supported and preloaded in this way on a radial extension 102 of the through hole 62.The adapter bushing 50 is thus mounted in a statically determined manner. This known method of fastening a cylinder barrel via the annular flange to the hydraulic control block can also be implemented with the adapter bushing 50, with the adapter bushing 50 being held in position with a clear and short frictional connection.

[0083] On the opposite side 78 of the control block 46, the second cylinder tube 38 is attached, and the through-bore 62 is closed by the second cover 60. The second cylinder tube 38 passes through the second cover 60 with play, i.e., tension-free, and enters the radial extension 104 of the recess 90 of the adapter bushing 50, where it is supported at the front. The second cover 60 is attached directly and butt-jointly to the side 78 of the control block 46 by means of tension screws 106. Independently of this, the second cylinder tube is connected to the second cover 60 via tie rods 108 (see Figure 5). Tie rods 108 are screwed with their end sections into threaded holes 110 of the adapter bushing 50 and pass through the second cover 60, as already described for the second cylinder tube 38, without stress.

[0084] The second cover 60 therefore has no force-transmitting function for fastening the second cylinder tube 38. This is performed exclusively by the adapter bushing 50 described above, which is mounted with a short frictional connection. This provides two independent and easily calculated preload situations for fastening the first cylinder tube 12 on the one hand and the second cylinder tube 38 on the other.

[0085] Particularly in hydraulic cylinders with two cylinder tubes centered and fixed on the control block 46, as is the case for the tandem cylinder 6, the adapter bushing 50 has an advantageous centering and also coaxially aligning function with respect to the cylinder tubes 12, 38.

[0086] The centering and / or coaxial alignment function can be easily achieved by drilling the through hole 62, turning the respective adapter bushing 50 and providing the radial extension 104 and the opposing collar 112 thereon.

[0087] The second cylinder tube 38 is centered on the radial extension 104 and the first cylinder tube 12 on the collar 112.

[0088] This centering, and the associated coaxial alignment to each other, brings advantages in maintaining friction in the hydraulic cylinder and minimizes wear between the piston and cylinder tube(s).

[0089] Figure 9shows a base of a differential cylinder 2, wherein the base is formed by an adapter bushing 51. The second piston chamber 16 is supplied with pressure medium via the second hydraulic interface 20 arranged on the inside of the control block 46. For this purpose, the second piston chamber 16 is fluidically connected to the second interface 20 via the annular groove or mouth 72 and the radial bore 82, as well as the recess 84. The second hydraulic interface 20 is thus tapped, whereas the third hydraulic interface 36 arranged on the inside of the control block 46 is not tapped, i.e. is blocked. This blocking is achieved via the design of the adapter bushing 51 adapted to the differential cylinder 2. The first piston chamber 14 is, as in the previous exemplary embodiment, supplied with pressure medium via the hydraulic interface 18' arranged on the outside of the control block 46, the hydraulic pipe 52 and the connection 18 (cf. Figure 6) supplied with pressure medium. The attachment of the adapter bushing 51 and the first cylinder tube 12 to the control block 46 is identical to the previous embodiment, so that further explanations are omitted. The same applies to a second cover 61 according to Figure 9 to, whereby this does not differ from a second cylinder tube (cf. Figure 7 ) but is closed. Optionally, a position detection device in the form of a rod-type position measuring system 114 is provided, which extends through the second cover 61 and a base of the adapter socket 51.

[0090] Deviating from the illustrated embodiment according to Figure 9The second piston chamber 16 can be supplied with pressure medium via the third hydraulic interface 36 instead of the second hydraulic interface 20. For this purpose, the radial bore 82 shown must be closed and one or more radial bores must be provided in the area of ​​the annular groove 70.

[0091] The Figures 10a and 10b show that, with the same through-bore 62 and otherwise identical mounting interfaces 54, 56, cylinder tubes of different diameters can be connected by simply modifying the collar 112 of the adapter bushing 50; 51; 53. By simply varying the collar 112, or centering collar, this is possible without problems and without interfering with the rest of the hydraulic control block 46. However, a first cover 58 adapted to the modified cylinder tube is required.

[0092] The standardized interfaces 20, 36, 18', 54, 56 also apply to all design examples, allowing the implementation of common cylinder mounting types. For example, Figure 11 The MP3 / MP5 mounting type is shown. The drive module with electric motor, clutch, hydraulic machine, and control block is not shown, so the adapter socket 51 is free.

[0093] Figure 12 shows the situation according to the configuration Figure 3a with a double-acting cylinder 4, which is attached to the hydraulic control block 46 by one of its cylinder heads. Accordingly, the control block 46, as shown in Figure 3a and can be recognized by the course of the pressure medium channels of the hydraulic interfaces 20, 36, rotated by 180° around its vertical axis. The first cover 58 is accordingly in Figure 12now arranged on the right, a second cover 63 on the left. An adapter bushing 53, adapted to this design of the hydraulic cylinder 4, is inserted into the through hole 62.

[0094] According to Figure 12 The adapter bushing 53 engages the third hydraulic interface 36, which is arranged internally in the hydraulic control block 46, via the radial bore 82. The first piston rod 8 extends completely through the adapter bushing 53. Between the first piston rod 8 and the adapter bushing 53, an annular space 84 is defined towards the first piston chamber 14, via which annular space 84 the third hydraulic interface 36 is fluidly connected to the first piston chamber 14. The second hydraulic interface 20, which is also arranged internally in the control block 46, is blocked by the adapter bushing 53. The adapter bushing 53 is also suitable for a differential cylinder in the design of the hydraulic axle 1 according to Figure 2aIn this case, it is advisable to tap interface 20 and fluidly block interface 36.

[0095] In the illustrated embodiment according to Figure 12 The adapter bushing 53 forms a guide and sealing system 116 and 118 for the first piston rod 8. The same applies to the other exemplary embodiments in which one of the piston rods extends through the adapter bushing: when changing to a different piston rod diameter, only the adaptation of the adapter bushing in question or a simple change to another, prepared adapter bushing is necessary. The control block 46 no longer needs to be machined because, as already explained several times, the through-bore 62 and the internally arranged hydraulic interfaces 20, 36 with their openings 72 and 70, 74 are generic and remain the same.

[0096] Regardless of the exemplary embodiments shown, the internal hydraulic interfaces of the control block, which are identical across multiple designs, the adapter bushing adapted to the respective hydraulic cylinder used, and the additional fastening interfaces, which are identical across multiple designs, avoid the production of many different and therefore expensive control blocks. Instead, a common control block base body can be designed, manufactured, and kept in stock for a number of optionally used hydraulic cylinders. The additional adapter bushing of the control block represents a very easy-to-manufacture turned part with bores and does not necessarily require any milling processes. Compared to conventional control blocks, which always have to be manufactured to suit specific hydraulic cylinder designs, this effort is shifted to the adapter bushing and thus significantly reduced.

[0097] Complemented by the symmetrical design of the mounting interfaces, the through hole and the hydraulic interfaces, there is the additional advantage of extremely flexible spatial positioning of the drive module relative to the hydraulic cylinder.

[0098] Disclosed is a kit with hydraulic cylinders of different designs and a hydraulic control block for connecting the hydraulic control block to a plurality of designs of a hydraulic cylinder of the kit to be supplied with pressure medium, wherein fastening and hydraulic interfaces on the control block towards the hydraulic cylinder are provided for the plurality, and wherein, depending on the design, at least some of the hydraulic interfaces are tapped off or blocked or deactivated by a detachably provided insert part, in particular an adapter.

[0099] Also disclosed is a hydraulic axle with it and with a hydraulic cylinder that is at least hydraulically connected to the control block.

Claims

1. Kit with hydraulic cylinders of different design (2; 4; 6) for an electro-hydraulic or servo-hydraulic axis (1) and a hydraulic control block (46), which can be used for all hydraulic cylinders of the kit, for controlling a pressure medium supply of each hydraulic cylinder (2; 4; 6) of the kit, wherein the control block is provided with internal hydraulic interfaces (20, 36), via which piston surfaces of each hydraulic cylinder (2; 4; 6) of the kit can be fluidically connected to a pressure medium source and / or a pressure medium sink of the axis (1), wherein the internal hydraulic interfaces are provided for the selective supply of pressure medium of the hydraulic cylinders (2; 4; 6), and wherein an insert part (50; 51; 53) which is specifically designed for each hydraulic cylinder of the kit and depending on the design (2; 4; 6) of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder of the kit is provided, by which insert part a respective one of the internal hydraulic interfaces (20, 36) can be tapped and shut off for the fluidic connection.

2. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claim 1, wherein the corresponding insert part is an adapter which is releasably connectable to the corresponding hydraulic cylinder, or wherein the corresponding insert part is in one structural unit with the corresponding hydraulic cylinder or a section of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder.

3. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the design (2; 4; 6) of the hydraulic cylinders of the kit is determined at least by a number of piston surfaces and / or a piston surface ratio and / or by a cylinder diameter and / or a cylinder tube diameter of the hydraulic cylinder.

4. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control block is designed with at least one external hydraulic interface (18'), via which at least one of the piston surfaces can be connected fluidically to the pressure medium source and / or the pressure medium sink of the axis (1).

5. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control block is designed with a bore or through bore (62), into which the corresponding insert part (50; 51; 53) is inserted.

6. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claim 5, wherein the bore or through bore (62) is made in a side surface of the control block, where it has a radially extended peripheral recess (80), into which a radial collar (100) of the corresponding insert part (50; 51; 53) is inserted and on which it is supported.

7. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claim 5 or 6, wherein the through bore (62), with respect to its bore direction (64), is symmetrical or at least has a symmetrical basic shape.

8. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to one of Claims 5 to 7, wherein the internal hydraulic interfaces (20, 36) have axially spaced orifices (70, 72, 74) into the bore or through bore (62).

9. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claim 8, wherein the orifices (70, 72, 74) extend on the internal periphery in the bore or through bore (62), fully or partially peripherally, in particular as grooves.

10. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to one of Claims 5 to 9 with two internal hydraulic interfaces (20, 36), of which a first (20) has an orifice (72) into the bore or through bore (62) and the second (36) has two orifices (70, 74) into the bore or through bore (62).

11. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claim 10, wherein the two mouths (70, 74) are arranged in a bore direction (64) symmetrically with respect to the one orifice (72).

12. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to one of Claims 8 to 11, wherein a tap assigned to the respective orifice (70, 72, 74) has a cross or radial bore (82, 86, 88) in the corresponding insert part (50; 51; 53), which is at least partially covered by the respective mouth (70, 72, 74).

13. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the corresponding insert part is formed by an adapter bush (50; 53) with a passage recess which can be reached through or penetrated by a piston rod (8, 22) of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder (4, 6) of the kit.

14. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claim 13, wherein a guide and / or a bearing point is formed by an inner casing surface or by inner casing surface sections (116, 118) of the passage recess of the adapter bush (50, 53), on which a piston rod (8, 22) of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder can be guided and / or mounted.

15. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claim 13 or 14, wherein at least one sealing element is provided on an inner casing surface or on inner casing surface sections (116, 118) of the passage recess of the adapter bush (50, 53).

16. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claims 14 and 15, wherein one of the piston surfaces can be sealed against another of the piston surfaces via the at least one sealing element and the piston rod (22).

17. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claim 10 or according to Claims 10 and 16, wherein the two internal hydraulic interfaces (20, 36) are tapped.

18. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claims 14 and 15, wherein one of the piston surfaces can be sealed or is sealed against atmosphere via the at least one sealing element and the piston rod (8).

19. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claim 10 or according to Claims 10 and 18, wherein one (20) of the two internal hydraulic interfaces (20, 36) is tapped and the other (36) is shut off.

20. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claim 10 or a claim dependent thereon, wherein the corresponding insert part (51) is formed by an adapter bush with a front-side recess (84) and a bottom, and wherein one of the two internal hydraulic interfaces is tapped (20, 36) and the respective other is shut off (36, 20).

21. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a pressure medium line starts from the corresponding insert part for each tapped internal hydraulic interface, via which pressure medium line the tapped interface can be fluidically connected outside a main body of the control block.

22. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claim 5 or a claim dependent thereon, wherein the corresponding insert part is held via a first cover (58) directly or indirectly in the bore or through bore (62).

23. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claim 6 or a claim dependent thereon, wherein the radial collar (100) of the corresponding insert part (50; 51; 52) is clamped via a first cover (58) indirectly or directly onto the radially extended peripheral recess (80, 82, 102).

24. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claim 22 or 23, wherein the first cover has a first ring flange (58) which is connected to a first cylinder tube (12) of a corresponding hydraulic cylinder (2; 4; 6) of the kit, and which is fastened by means of tension screws (98) to a main body of the control block (46).

25. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claim 24, wherein the first ring flange is a threaded ring flange (58) which is screwed onto the first cylinder tube (12) on the outer periphery.

26. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claim 24 or 25, wherein a ring end face of the first cylinder tube has a projection (96) to a ring end face of the first ring flange (58) and is supported on a first end face of the corresponding insert part or on its radial collar (100).

27. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to one of Claims 22 to 26 with a second (60) cover arranged opposite the first cover (58) on the control block (46), by way of which the through bore (62) is closed.

28. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claim 27, wherein the second cover (60) is decoupled with respect to a force flow from the corresponding insert part (50, 51, 53).

29. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claim 27 or 28, with Claim 27 referring back to one of Claims 24-26, wherein the second cover (60) is penetrated without stress by a second cylinder tube (38) of the hydraulic cylinder (6) of the kit.

30. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to Claims 26, 27, 28 and 29, or Claims 26, 27 and 29, wherein the second cylinder tube (38) is clamped onto the insert part (50) by means of tie rods (108) which are anchored, in particular screwed, in a second end face of the insert part (50).

31. Kit with hydraulic cylinders and control block according to either of Claims 24 or 29 or a claim referring back thereto, wherein the first or second cylinder tube (12, 38) reaches around a face-side ring collar (112) of the insert part (50) or dips into a face-side ring recess (110) of the insert part (50).

32. Hydraulic axis comprising a kit which is configured according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the piston surfaces of a hydraulic cylinder (2; 4; 6) of the kit, can be fluidically connected to one of the internal hydraulic interfaces (20, 36) via a tap (82, 86, 88) of the corresponding insert part (50; 51; 53).

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