Floor drain with fire prevention insert

Abstract

Fire protection insert (10) without water seal for a floor drain, comprising an insert element (12) with a base body (14) and retaining arms (16) extending outwards from the base body, wherein the base body in the state of the fire protection insert being held centrally in the floor drain by the retaining arms at a distance from an inner wall of the floor drain, so that in case of fire an intumescent layer forming agent (32) arranged in the base body foams up from the center of the floor drain outwards and seals the floor drain.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a system comprising a floor drain and a fire protection insert without sealing water, for the floor drain.

[0002] Floor drains are installed, for example, in floor ceilings, on flat roofs, or on parking decks and are used to drain water. Floor drains create a perforation in the ceiling that houses them, creating a weak point in the event of a fire. Therefore, according to building regulations, measures must be taken to prevent the spread of fire and smoke, particularly from a space below the floor drain, upwards through the floor drain.

[0003] Fire protection inserts are known, both with and without a water seal, which comprise intumescent materials that foam up due to heat in the event of a fire and thus close the drain, as described, for example, in DE 10 2013 109 367 A1, DE 10 2005 046 149 B4 and EP 28 993 326 B1. In such fire protection inserts, the intumescent material is usually arranged in the form of a circular ring extending along the inner wall of the floor drain, with water flowing through the floor drain draining through an opening enclosed by the circular ring. In the event of a fire, the intumescent material foams up from the inner wall of the floor drain inwards and thus closes the floor drain. Foaming from the outside inwards, the intumescent material can then also extend downwards into the opening or upwards into the floor drain.

[0004] EP 1 640 518 A1 discloses a floor drain with an odor trap, i.e., a water seal. A conical cup filled with an intumescent material is arranged on the underside of the odor trap. In the event of a fire, the cup detaches from the odor trap and falls into a lower pipe opening, where the foaming intumescent material seals the drain.

[0005] Based on this prior art, the object of the invention is to provide a fire protection insert without sealing water for a floor drain, which reacts quickly and reliably in the event of a fire.

[0006] The invention solves the problem by a system according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims, the description and the figures.

[0007] The system according to the invention comprises the features of independent claim 1. The fire protection insert is waterless, i.e. it has no sealing water, in particular no odor trap.

[0008] The system according to the invention comprising a floor drain and such a fire protection insert therefore provides that the fire protection insert is inserted into the floor drain, namely into an inlet opening of the floor drain for draining surface water. The fire protection insert is held at the inlet opening and in particular also at the adjacent inner wall of the floor drain, as will be explained below. In the system according to the invention, the base body is arranged centrally in the floor drain via the holding arms at a distance from an inner wall of the floor drain, so that in the event of a fire, the intumescent layer arranged in the base body foams evenly from the inside to the outside, starting from the center of the floor drain, and closes the floor drain. A drain pipe can be connected to the floor drain, for example to drain the surface water into a sewer system. The system therefore does not include a water seal / odor trap.

[0009] The system according to the invention is designed such that, when inserted into the floor drain, the base body containing the intumescent layer is held centrally in the floor drain. The base body is held by the holding arms on all sides at an equal distance from an inner wall, i.e. a pipe wall, of the floor drain. The base body, which is in particular cylindrical, has a smaller diameter than the inlet opening of the floor drain and than the adjoining cavity enclosed by the inner wall of the floor drain. This leaves a free space between the base body and the surrounding inner wall of the floor drain. Surface water entering the floor drain via the inlet opening can flow through this free space between the base body of the fire protection insert and the inner wall of the floor drain and through the floor drain. The surface water can in particular pass through the holding arms of the fire protection insert.

[0010] According to the invention, the insert element has an intumescent layer that foams up in the event of a fire and closes the floor drain. The intumescent layer is accommodated in the base body and can in particular be sealed watertight against the environment in the base body. The intumescent layer is thus protected from water flowing away via the floor drain. The intumescent layer can be accommodated in a receiving space in the base body. The intumescent layer is preferably arranged at a lower end of the base body when the fire protection insert is in use. The intumescent layer is thus closer to a potential source of fire. The intumescent layer can close the floor drain from the inside by foaming up. The rising of smoke, fire or heat from a fire taking place below the floor drain through the floor drain into an area above can thus be prevented or reduced.Due to the inventive arrangement of the base body and thus the intumescent layer centrally in the floor drain, the intumescent layer foams from the inside outward relative to the floor drain when exposed to appropriate heat. Compared to the fire protection inserts mentioned above, in which the intumescent layer foams from the outside inward, this results in faster, more even, and more reliable sealing of the floor drain in the event of a fire.

[0011] The intumescent layer can thus foam evenly in all directions, starting from the base body radially outward. The intumescent layer can, for example, be distributed evenly radially within the base body, so that this foaming occurs in all directions.

[0012] According to one embodiment, the base body is cylindrical. When the fire protection insert is inserted into the floor drain, the cylindrical base body can be arranged concentrically with the inner wall of the floor drain via the retaining arms. In other words, the inner wall of the floor drain forms a hollow cylinder, with which the base body of the fire protection insert can be arranged concentrically. This achieves a particularly precisely centered arrangement, which further enhances the aforementioned advantages.

[0013] According to one embodiment, the holding arms extend radially outwards from the base body. According to one embodiment, the holding arms are arranged evenly distributed along the circumference of the base body. For example, three holding arms can be provided, which are each offset from one another by 120° along the circumference of the base body. According to a further embodiment, the holding arms each have upper holding sections that extend radially outwards from an upper, central holding base on the base body. When the fire protection insert is in use, i.e. when inserted into the floor drain, the holding arms can rest on an edge of the inlet opening of the floor drain via the upper holding sections. The holding arms can also have contact sections extending downwards from the upper holding sections, which contact sections come into contact with the inner wall of the floor drain when the fire protection insert is in use.The fire protection insert is thus held particularly securely in the floor drain. The system sections can, in turn, be connected to each other and / or to the base body at their lower ends with a lower, central support base. The designations "lower" and "upper" refer to the operating condition of the fire protection insert.

[0014] According to one embodiment, the intumescent layer is accommodated in a receiving space of the base body, which is designed to fold outwards in a fan-like manner when the intumescent layer is foamed and to hold the intumescent layer in the foamed state in the floor drain. The base body, held centrally in the floor drain, can therefore fold outwards in a fan-like manner at least in a section containing the intumescent layer. Folding out of the receiving space is to be understood in particular as the folding out of fan-like elements, which can form part of the wall delimiting the receiving space to the outside. Separate fan-like folding out elements can also be provided within the receiving space. In the outwardly folded out state, the elements can come into contact, in particular, with the inner wall of the floor drain. The fan-like elements can also be held in the folded out state by other means.These fan-shaped elements are pushed outward, particularly by the foaming of the intumescent material, and when unfolded, they hold the intumescent material within the floor drain. This prevents the intumescent material from falling, ensuring particularly reliable fire protection.

[0015] According to one embodiment, the fire protection insert comprises a closure element movable relative to the base body, comprising a cover and a plunger extending from the cover into the base body, wherein the closure element is adjustable between a release position, in which the cover releases an inlet opening of the floor drain, and a closure position, in which the cover closes the inlet opening of the floor drain. According to one related embodiment, the closure element is pretensioned into the closure position, but is held in the release position against the pretension by a securing element arranged at an end of the plunger facing away from the cover. The securing element is designed to yield in the event of a fire, so that the movement of the closure element into the closure position is released.In the closed position, the cover of the closure element can close the inlet opening of the floor drain and thus prevent or reduce the rise of smoke, fire or heat through the floor drain. The safety element reacts in particular to the high temperatures generated by the fire. For example, the safety element can deform and / or melt. The safety element can become so soft that it can no longer provide sufficient counterforce to the pre-tensioning of the closure element into the closed position, with the result that the plunger of the closure element is released. If the safety element is designed as a safety plate, the plunger can then pierce the safety plate. The safety element is arranged in particular at an end of the plunger pointing away from the cover.The plunger can therefore have a first end connected to the cover and a second end opposite the first end, with the second end being the end pointing away from the cover. While the cover of the closure element is arranged above the inlet opening of the floor drain, at least in the release position, the end of the plunger pointing away from the cover is located relatively deep in the floor drain. The safety element arranged at this end is therefore as close as possible to a room located below the floor drain. Since, in the event of a fire in the room below, fire, heat and smoke rise upwards through the pipes, these come into contact with the safety element at an early stage. The safety element can therefore give way early, allowing fire protection personnel to react to a fire at an early stage.This is particularly advantageous compared to DE 10 2005 046 149 B4 mentioned above, which can only react to such a fire quite late due to the spacers arranged above the inlet opening. The closure element can be triggered, in particular, before the intumescent layer, as will be explained below.

[0016] According to one embodiment, the securing element can be designed such that it softens and / or melts in the event of a fire, as mentioned. The securing element can thus clear the way for movement of the plunger and thus of the entire closure element in the direction of the preload, i.e., in the direction of the closed position. The securing element softens or melts, in particular, due to the effect of the heat caused by the fire. The securing element can have a melting temperature that is below the temperatures normally occurring in the floor drain during such a fire. According to one embodiment, the securing element can be made of plastic. The securing element can, in particular, be a securing plate, as mentioned.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the closure element is preloaded into the closed position by a spring acting on a counterbearing of the closure element. The spring can, for example, be accommodated in a receiving space of the insert element. The receiving space can be sealed from the floor drain in such a way that surface water to be drained via the floor drain cannot enter the receiving space.

[0018] According to one embodiment, the safety element gives way when a first temperature is reached and the intumescent material foams up when a second temperature is reached, wherein the first temperature is lower than the second temperature. According to this embodiment, a first safety mechanism, namely the closing of the inlet opening by the cover of the closure element, reacts earlier than a second safety mechanism, namely the foaming of the intumescent material. The safety element can, for example, be designed to melt or soften at the lower, first temperature. In the event of a fire, the closure element is therefore initially adjusted to the closed position, which seals off the floor drain from the room above. This prevents further hot air or fire from entering the room above, so that the hot air builds up in the floor drain.This leads to a particularly rapid increase in temperature, which in turn leads to a particularly rapid reaction, i.e. expansion, of the intumescent layer.

[0019] An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the figures. They show: Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a fire protection insert according to the invention in a longitudinally cut-out representation in the release position, Figure 2 shows the fire protection insert from Figure 1 inserted into a floor drain, Figure 3 the fire protection insert from Fig. 1 in another sectional view, Figure 4 the fire protection insert from Fig. 2 with the locking element in the locked position, and Figure 5 the fire protection insert with the compartments opened.

[0020] Unless otherwise stated, the same reference symbols refer to the same items in the following.

[0021] The figures show a perspective view of a fire protection insert 10 according to the invention, which is shown in section. The fire protection insert 10 comprises an insert element 12 with a cylindrical base body 14 and holding arms 16 extending outward from the base body. In this embodiment, three holding arms are provided, which are arranged evenly distributed along the circumference of the cylindrical base body 14. However, due to the sectional views, only two holding arms are visible. With upper holding sections 16a, which extend radially outward from an upper central holding base 16c, the holding arms 16 rest, in a use state of the fire protection insert, i.e. inserted into a floor drain, each on an edge of an inlet opening 42 of the floor drain 40, as shown in Figure 2can be seen. Contact sections 16b of the holding arms 16, which extend downward from the holding sections 16a, are connected to one another via a lower central holding base 16d and come into contact with an inner wall, i.e., a pipe wall, of the floor drain 40. The base body 14 is held centrally in the floor drain 40 via the holding arms 16, with the cylindrical base body 40 being arranged concentrically to the floor drain 40, i.e., in particular, to its inner wall. The fire protection insert 10 is a fire protection insert without a water seal, i.e., without an odor trap. The system comprising the fire protection insert 10 and the floor drain 40 therefore does not include a water seal / odor trap, as can be seen directly from the figures.

[0022] The fire protection insert 10 further comprises a closure element 18 which is movable relative to the insert element 12 and has a lid 20 and a plunger 22 extending from the lid 20 into the insert element 12. The plunger 22 has a first end 22a facing the lid 20 and an end 22b pointing away from the lid 20. The plunger 22 extends through a correspondingly formed receiving space in the base body 14, with its first end 22a protruding upwards from the base body 14 and its second end 22b protruding downwards from the base body 14. The plunger 22 thus extends along a longitudinal cylinder axis of the base body 14. The plunger 22, and thus the entire closure element 20, is movable relative to the insert element 12 and thus the base body 14 along this longitudinal axis. The closure element 18 is pivoted via a spring element 24 into a Fig. 4preloaded in the visible closed position. The spring element 24 is accommodated in a receiving space 25 of the base body 14 and acts on a counter bearing 26 connected to the plunger 22. Due to this spring preload, a force acts on the closure element 18 downward along the cylinder's longitudinal axis L. Sealing elements 27 are arranged in the region of the upper end of the base body 14 for sealing against the holding base 16c and in the region of the lower end of the base body 14 for sealing against the holding base 16d.

[0023] The closure element 18 is held by a securing element 28 against the pretension in the direction shown in the Fig. 1 to 3The securing element 28 is held in the visible release position. In this case, the securing element 28 is designed as a securing plate and is arranged at the second end 22b of the plunger 22, which points away from the cover 20. The securing element 28 counteracts the preload of the plunger 22. The securing element 28 is connected to a lower end of the base body 14 via holding elements 30.

[0024] The fire protection operation is located in the Fig. 1 to 3in the normal state, i.e., without a fire, with the closure element in the release position. In this state, the fire protection insert is inserted into a floor drain so that the holding sections 16a rest on an edge of the inlet opening 42 of the floor drain 40 and the contact sections 16b rest against the inner wall of the floor drain, as mentioned. The base body 14 therefore has a smaller diameter than the inner wall of the floor drain, so that surface water can enter between the cover 20 and the holding sections 16a, flow downwards into the floor drain, and pass through the base body 14 on the outside. In the release position, the inlet opening 42 of the floor drain is exposed by the cover 20.

[0025] In the event of a fire in a room located below the floor drain, heat travels upwards through the pipes to the floor drain and thus to the fire protection insert 10. As the temperature rises, the safety element 28 yields to such an extent that there is no longer sufficient counterforce to the spring preload. In particular, the safety element 28 can partially or completely melt. This allows the plunger 22 to move downwards freely, and the closure element 18 is moved into the closed position, which is Fig. 4 As can be seen from the comparison between the Fig. 3 and 4As can be seen, the closure element 18 moves downwards relative to the insert element 12 along the cylinder's longitudinal axis L during the transition from the release position to the closure position. The counter-bearing 26, which runs in a free space in the base body 14, is pressed downwards by the spring 24. The cover 20 thus moves towards the holding sections 16a and closes the inlet opening 42 of the floor drain 40. This prevents fire, smoke and heat from passing upwards through the floor drain into a room above.

[0026] Due to the positioning of the safety element at the lower end of the plunger, which faces away from the cover, the fire protection insert can react particularly quickly to a fire. This means that the safety element is located significantly closer to the source of the fire than comparable triggering elements in state-of-the-art fire protection inserts.

[0027] The fire protection insert 10 also has, according to the invention, an intumescent layer former 32 which is accommodated in a receiving space 34 of the base body 14 (in Figure 4 The intumescent layer is not shown). The receiving space 34 is located in a lower area of ​​the base body 14 and thus also close to the source of the fire. When heat rises, the intumescent layer 32 reacts and foams up, whereby fan-like elements 36 arranged in the receiving space 34 fold outwards and thus hold the intumescent layer 32 in the foamed state in the floor drain. This protects the intumescent layer 32 from falling down. This is in Figure 5 which shows the fire protection insert 10 in its state of use, i.e. inserted into the floor drain 40.

[0028] It is evident that the foamed intumescent material 32 fills the entire cross-section of the floor drain 10 and thus securely seals it. The expanding intumescent material 32 has also pushed the wall of the base body 14 outwards, at least in the area surrounding the receiving space 34. The base body 14 is in Figure 5 not shown, but can still be provided at least in the area of ​​the upper receiving space 25. In addition, Figure 5 It can be clearly seen that the cover 20 closes the inlet opening of the floor drain 40 in such a way that the rise of fire and smoke can be prevented or at least reduced. In particular, in conjunction with the foamed insulating layer, the floor drain is securely closed.

[0029] Thanks to the inventive arrangement of the base body 14 and thus of the intumescent layer 32 centrally in the floor drain 40, the intumescent layer 32 foams evenly from the inside out with respect to the floor drain 40, thus quickly, evenly, and reliably sealing the floor drain 40. This is particularly advantageous compared to fire protection inserts with intumescent layers that foam from the outside in.

[0030] It can be provided that the securing element 28 yields at a first temperature and the intumescent layer 32 foams up at a second temperature, wherein the first temperature is lower than the second temperature. The securing element 28 can therefore react to the fire even at a lower temperature than the intumescent layer 32. This leads to the inlet opening of the floor drain being closed by initially moving the closure element into the closed position. As a result, a great deal of heat accumulates quite quickly beneath the cover 20, which in turn leads to the second temperature being reached quickly and thus to the intumescent layer 32 foaming up prematurely. This achieves particularly effective fire protection. List of reference symbols

[0031] 10 Fire protection insert 12 Insert element 14 Base body 16 Holding arms 16a Holding sections 16b Contact sections 16c Holding base 16d Holding base 18 Closure element 20 Cover 22 Plunger 22a First end (facing the cover) 22b Second end (facing away from the cover) 24 Spring 25 Receptacle 26 Counter bearing 27 Sealing elements 28 Securing element 30 Holding elements 31 Screwing aid 32 Insulating layer former 34 Receptacle 36 Fan-shaped elements 40 Floor drain LZylinder longitudinal axis

Claims

1. System comprising a floor drain (40) and a fire protection insert (10) without barrier water for the floor drain (40), wherein the fire protection insert (10) has an insert element (12) with a main body (14) and holding arms (16) extending outwardly from the main body (14), wherein the fire protection insert (10) is inserted into the floor drain (40) so that the main body (14) is held centrally in the floor drain (40) at a distance from an inner wall of the floor drain (40) via the holding arms (16), so that, in case of fire, an intumescent (32) arranged in the main body (14) evenly foams up from the inside to the outside, starting from the center of the floor drain (40), and closes the floor drain (40).

2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the intumescent (32) is designed to foam up from the inside to the outside towards all sides.

3. System according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the main body (14) is cylindrically shaped and arranged concentrically to the inner wall of the floor drain (40) via the holding arms (16).

4. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding arms (16) extend radially outwardly from the main body (14) and / or that the holding arms (16) are arranged evenly distributed along the circumference of the main body (14).

5. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intumescent (32) is received in a receiving space (34) of the main body (14), which is designed to fold out in the manner of a fan when the intumescent (32) foams up and to hold the intumescent (32) in the floor drain (40) in the foamed-up state.

6. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a closure element (18) that is movable relative to the main body (14) and that comprises a lid (20) and a plunger (22) extending from the lid (20) into the main body (14), wherein the closure element (18) is movable between an open position, in which the lid (20) exposes an inlet opening of the floor drain (40), and a closed position, in which the lid (20) closes the inlet opening of the floor drain (40).

7. System according to claim 6, characterized in that the closure element (18) is held preloaded in the closed position, but is held in the release position against the preload by a safety element (28) arranged at an end (22b) of the plunger (22) facing away from the lid (20), wherein the safety element (28) is designed to yield in case of fire, to enable the movement of the closure element (18) into the closed position.

8. System according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the floor drain (40) has an inlet opening for draining surface water and for leading the surface water into a drainage pipe.

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