Gabion noise barrier

Abstract

The invention relates to a gabion basket used as a noise barrier, which has at least two separate areas, each extending over the entire height and width of the gabion basket. The areas of the gabion basket are separated by partitions. The area facing the noise source is filled with a first filling material, and the area facing away from the noise source is filled with compacted insulating and support material. The invention further comprises a gabion basket having at least three separate areas, each extending over the entire height and width of the gabion basket. The areas of the gabion basket are separated by partitions extending over the entire height and width of the gabion basket.The area facing the noise source is filled with a first type of fill material, the area facing away from the noise source is filled with a second type of fill material, and at least one of the areas located between the two contains compacted insulating and supporting material. The two gabion baskets are characterized by an additional mesh wall fixed inside and on the inner side of at least one side of the gabion basket facing the noise.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a gabion basket as an element of a noise protection device.

[0002] Gabions or gabion baskets are used, for example, but not exclusively, in landscape architecture to build embankments. The most common uses are privacy screens, slope stabilization, or retaining walls. Gabions serve as retaining elements on slopes to absorb earth pressure. They can be used as an alternative to precast concrete elements or concrete and stone walls. Due to their excellent sound absorption properties, gabion walls are also designed as noise barriers.

[0003] Gabions are often used in front of residential areas along busy roads or railway lines. These are stacked to form noise barriers and connected together when necessary. Covered with topsoil, these walls create green walls and contribute to maintaining biodiversity.

[0004] EP 3 486 379 A1 describes a wall structure made of gabion grids without any horizontal floors between the gabion intermediate levels in the interior of the wall structure with only at least roughly vertically aligned side grids inserted between the gabion grid elements of the front and the back, wherein a level connection is formed at least between the front gabion grid elements among themselves and the back gabion grid elements along an at least roughly horizontal line.

[0005] DE 196 52 636 A1 discloses a noise barrier made of wire baskets with a sound insulation material and filling material, the sound insulation material being a highly sound-absorbing sound insulation mat which is arranged behind at least one layer of stones.

[0006] Furthermore, DE 20 2009 005 624 U1 discloses a structural element for a noise barrier, in particular with sound-insulating and / or sound-absorbing properties, comprising a wire mesh cage with at least three separate chambers, wherein at least one first chamber, facing a noise source, is filled with rubble or rounded gravel. The other two chambers are filled with bonded sand.

[0007] EP 3 214 224 B1 discloses and describes a gabion basket, a noise barrier consisting of the gabion baskets, and a method for moving the gabion baskets. The gabion comprises a substantially cuboid-shaped cage. The cage has a base, two front walls located on two opposite lateral sides of the cage, and two side walls located on the two lateral sides of the cage. The base, the front walls, and the side walls each consist of grids fastened to one another. Two partition walls are arranged inside the cage in such a way that these partition walls are firmly connected to each side wall bordering the gabion basket. The interior volume of the cage is thus divided into two front compartments and an intermediate space formed between the two partition walls.The front compartments are each filled with a filler – a granulate – that does not pass through the mesh of the respective floors, front walls, and side walls, or through the partition walls. The filler is thus completely contained within the front compartments. The space between them is capable of accommodating granules suitable for soundproofing. The granules of the soundproofing material are allowed to pass through the confining surfaces, allowing the soundproofing material to spread freely within the intermediate compartment on both sides of the partition wall.

[0008] US 2004 / 0123531 A1 describes a barrier for protection against shock waves. Shock waves are understood to be sound waves and / or air movements. The barrier itself is constructed from a combination of soil-containing and reinforcing structures arranged one above the other to form two vertical walls. The means for absorbing the shock waves are incorporated in the space between the two walls. The protective barrier also includes cross-connecting means that engage with the vertical walls to increase the compactness of the protective barrier, whereby the barrier is suitable for protection against said shock waves—essentially sound waves. The protective barrier has sound wave damping and absorption properties.The structure of the entire barrier may consist of a main structure of substantially pyramidal or rectangular shape, having two end walls, transverse vertical connecting means and horizontal connecting means, and a cover.

[0009] EP 562 154 A1 discloses a noise barrier. The noise barrier consists of individual rectangular wire mesh cages, which in turn are composed of articulated longitudinal and transverse walls. The transverse walls are provided with hooks assigned to the horizontal bars and have vertical bars projecting beyond the lower horizontal bar so that they can be stacked on top of each other, into each other, or placed on corresponding support elements. The longitudinal walls, which form an outward-facing bulge or arch after being hooked into the transverse walls, are then connected to the transverse walls, which are themselves already erected and stabilized, by bending the hooks. Stabilization is provided by a stiffening element connecting two transverse walls, usually in the form of an L-profile, which is arranged with the angle facing upwards so that soil cannot settle.This single, stable wire mesh basket is connected to other corresponding wire mesh baskets by placing or inserting the cross walls onto one another to create a very stable overall structure into which the soil can subsequently be filled.

[0010] Existing systems are limited in their noise protection properties by the known granules. As a result, these systems have the disadvantage that they must be filled with lava on the noise side to achieve highly absorbent noise protection properties and thus meet at least the requirements of absorption group A3. The absorption groups are described in more detail in "Additional Technical Contract Conditions and Guidelines for the Construction of Noise Barriers on Roads; ZTV-Lsw 06; Announcement: BMV ARS 25 / 06 of September 22, 2006; Amended by: EMV ARS 5 / 12 of April 24, 2012." Such lava rock is expensive, in limited supply, and generally requires long delivery routes.

[0011] Another key consideration is the long service life of the gabion walls, which is required by the approval. This should ideally be 50 years. This requires that the mesh walls are constructed to be durable and that the filling does not have a damaging effect on them.

[0012] State-of-the-art fillings such as concrete are unsuitable for this purpose.

[0013] For example, DE 10 2007 037 339 A1 discloses a gabion cage with a noise-insulating, monolithic concrete layer. While a concrete layer is generally suitable for meeting noise-insulating requirements, it is assumed that the concrete has a damaging effect on the metal of the mesh bars. Therefore, a monolithic concrete layer does not meet the approval requirements for long service life.

[0014] In addition, the use of concrete in gabion baskets needs to be reconsidered from the perspective of the CO2 balance and suitable alternatives should be considered.

[0015] The object of the invention is to overcome the obvious disadvantages of the prior art and in particular to provide a gabion basket as a noise protection element which meets the approval requirements for long service lives.

[0016] The problem is solved by the features of the independent claims. Preferred embodiments are the subject of the respective dependent claims.

[0017] A gabion basket as a noise protection element has at least two separate areas, each extending across the entire height and width of the gabion basket. The areas, or sub-segments, of the gabion basket are demarcated by at least one separating device. The gabion basket has two sides: one facing the noise source and one facing away from the noise source. The area facing the noise source is filled with a first fill material, and the area facing away from the noise source is filled with a non-bonded insulation and support material.

[0018] According to the invention, this gabion basket is designed such that the area facing the noise source occupies more than 5% and less than 50% of the total fillable interior volume of the gabion basket, the mesh size of the wall of the gabion basket facing the noise source is more than 20 mm x 20 mm and less than 100 mm x 100 mm and the compacted, unbound insulation and support material cannot be compacted further than 2 cm per meter of rise after compaction.

[0019] In an alternative embodiment, the gabion basket has at least three separate areas. These areas extend over the entire height and width of the gabion basket. The areas of the gabion basket are delimited into sub-segments by at least one separating device, with at least one separating device extending over the entire height and width of the gabion basket. Two sides are distinguished on the gabion basket – one facing the noise source and one facing away from the noise source. The area facing the noise source is filled with a first filling material, and the area facing away from the noise source is filled with a second filling material. At least one of the areas, which is located between the area facing the noise source and the area facing away from the noise source, is filled with compacted, unbound insulation and support material.This gabion basket is characterized by the fact that the area facing the noise source occupies more than 5% and less than 50% of the total fillable interior volume of the gabion basket, the mesh size of the wall of the gabion basket facing the noise source is more than 20 mm x 20 mm and less than 100 mm x 100 mm and the mechanically compacted, unbound insulation and support material cannot be compacted further than 2 cm per meter of ascent at 500 kN.

[0020] According to the invention, the first and second filling materials and the insulation and support material have a pH value of 6.5 to 8. The filling material, as well as the insulation and support material, are preferably pH-neutral. This prevents any damaging influence on the mesh material of the gabion basket, thus ensuring the long service life required for approval.

[0021] The narrow mesh sizes of the gabion basket advantageously allow the use of different granulate sizes, for example in combination with foam glass or foam glass gravel. This allows the sub-segment within the gabion basket located on the noise side to be made narrower while retaining the sound absorption properties compared to conventional coarse-grained granules. As a result, the area of the gabion basket intended for filling with insulation and support material, which is normally filled with a bound insulation and support material such as concrete, can be filled with unbound insulation and support material such as earth or excavated soil. The wider area provided according to the invention for filling with insulation and support material thus advantageously enables mechanical compaction. This can achieve improved stability.The achieved strength properties, also known as the settling rate, for the noise-side area of the gabion basket according to the invention are approximately 2 cm per meter of rise at 500 kN. This advantageously eliminates the need for a monolithic concrete layer, which serves to stabilize the noise barrier and reflect sound waves.

[0022] A further advantage of using a mesh size of 20 mm x 20 mm and less than 100 mm x 100 mm is the ability to use locally available gravel. This locally available gravel enhances the aesthetic appearance of the gabion basket, preserving the local landscape. Furthermore, there are ecological and economic benefits through a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and a reduction in transport and logistics costs, as the delivery of lava gravel is eliminated.

[0023] By using a mesh size of 20 mm x 20 mm and less than 100 mm x 100 mm, it is also economically advantageous to form the gabion basket from mesh mats with welded eyelets on all sides. This achieves the strength advantages of eyelet welding during the manufacture of the gabion basket. These welded eyelets ensure that the force is introduced into the gabion wire predominantly in the longitudinal direction, thus directing the acting forces, for example, caused by the gravitational pressure of the filling materials, predominantly along the wires and reducing the impact on the welded joint. This property also contributes to the durability and service life of the gabion baskets, as it significantly reduces the load on the potential weak point of a welded joint.

[0024] In embodiments of the invention, the gabion basket is made of a steel wire with a wire diameter of 3.5 mm ≤ d ≤ 8 mm and a coating of a zinc-aluminum mixture with a mass fraction of aluminum of 6% to 16% and a mass fraction of zinc of 94% to 84%.

[0025] In the following, the total fillable interior volume refers to the space enclosed by the mesh of the gabion basket. The individual wire meshes of a gabion basket are often made of coated steel wires or uncoated high-alloy steel wires that are thermally welded crosswise.

[0026] In the following, insulation and support material is understood to mean a filling material that is filled into a gabion basket – or into a partial segment of a gabion basket – and which is suitable for imparting increased rigidity to a wall consisting of at least two stacked gabion baskets. The insulation and support material thus serves to reinforce the entire gabion wall.

[0027] In the following, a separation device refers to those structural measures that require the creation of sub-segments or sections within the volume enclosed by the gabion basket. A sub-segment is therefore understood to be the spatial area within a gabion basket that is separated from the volume enclosed by the gabion basket by the separation devices.

[0028] In embodiments of the invention, the insulation and support material used to fill the gabion basket according to the invention comprises rock types from local excavated soil, with a sieve size of less than 0 mm - 63 mm. Thus, airborne sound insulation of at least group B3 according to ZTV - Lsw 06 is achieved simply by using the local excavated soil.

[0029] In embodiments of the invention, the first fill material (103) has an angle of repose of 35° to 45°, thus advantageously achieving at least the absorption of A3 according to ZTV-Lsw 06. The angle of repose is defined by the slope of a fill cone or a filled embankment. This preferably applies when the first fill material (103) is a mineral fill material. The angle of repose is determined by measuring devices that operate according to DIN EN ISO 14688-1 and DIN EN ISO 14688-2. A further determination of the angle of repose is possible by loosely pouring the bulk material onto a defined cross-sectional area. The angle that arises after the pouring, at which no more material moves along the forming embankment, is the angle of repose.

[0030] In embodiments of the invention, the filling material is selected from glass foam gravel or the group of gravel, chippings, crushed stone, and / or a mixture thereof. Preferably, the filling material is gravel and / or glass foam gravel.

[0031] Foam glass, or foam glass, is a lightweight mineral construction material made from recycled glass using a blowing agent. Foam glass gravel or foam glass granulate is used for this invention. Foam glass is characterized by its low weight and thermal insulation properties. Furthermore, foam glass is recyclable.

[0032] In this case, gravel is understood to mean a crushed aggregate with a grain size selected from 0 / 32, 0 / 45, 60 / 90, 60 / 120, 50 / 125, 60 / 125, 60 / 150, 60 / 180.

[0033] In embodiments, the foam glass gravel has a sieve size of 10 to 90 mm, preferably 10 to 60 mm, particularly preferably ≥ 32 mm - 45 mm.

[0034] The gravel is selected from a pressure-stable and frost-resistant rock, such as basalt, granite or deodorite.

[0035] In embodiments of the invention, a second fill material is used that differs from the first fill material in terms of the properties of the angle of repose or the grain size. The second fill material has an angle of repose of 35° to 45°. The second fill material is preferably a mineral fill material selected from ballast, railway ballast, gravel, and / or a mixture thereof.

[0036] This is advantageous, as it ensures a sustainable construction method, especially when using railway ballast. During the renewal of railway lines and the use of fixed track substructures, the surplus railway ballast can be used to flank these lines, thus making a significant contribution to noise reduction. Furthermore, the use of a second fill material is advantageous, as it conserves resources. For example, but not exclusively, stones of a suitable sieve size screened from local excavated soil can be used for filling.

[0037] The term sieve size refers to the mesh size of a sieve through which a body does not fall during sieving.

[0038] In embodiments of the invention, the insulation and support material has an angle of repose between 32.5° and 40°. Within this angle of repose range, the material exhibits optimal compaction properties. An insulation and support material with these properties can be compacted without becoming fluid. This eliminates the need for self-hardening materials such as concrete as insulation and support material.

[0039] In embodiments of the invention, the compacted insulation and support material (102) is compacted local excavated soil. This eliminates, for example, transport costs for the delivery of other insulation and support materials. This provides not only an economic advantage but also an ecological advantage, as a significant portion of the CO2 emissions generated during the construction of a gabion wall are avoided. Furthermore, resulting overburden is largely avoided, and any storage areas are not required. In addition, the recycling of the local soil does not affect the pH value of the adjacent soil and thus does not disturb the surrounding ecosystem.

[0040] The choice of materials for the wires of the gabion basket is further enhanced, for example but not exclusively, by unalloyed rolled wire made of low-carbon steel in accordance with DIN EN ISO 16120-2 with a zinc-aluminium coating (Zn90% / Al10%) of at least 300 g / m 2< in accordance with DIN EN 10244-1 and a durability of at least 50 years in accordance with DIN EN 1990.

[0041] In embodiments of the invention, the additional mesh wall (104) is made of wire, wherein the wire has a cross-sectional diameter of 4 mm to 7 mm, but preferably a cross-sectional diameter of 4.5 mm to 5 mm. This is advantageous because it increases the rigidity of the existing wire mesh of the gabion basket. At the same time, the range of usable fill materials is increased because smaller minimum sieve sizes of the grain size of the fill materials can now be used and a further reduction in the overall weight is achieved. Depending on the wire thickness, an increase in the overall weight can also be achieved in order to make the resulting wall more resistant to extreme weather influences such as storms.

[0042] In embodiments of the invention, the additional grid wall (104) has a mesh size of the grid meshes of 25 mm x 25 mm to 200 mm x 200 mm, preferably of 25 mm x 50 mm to 50 mm x 100 mm and particularly preferably of 35 mm x 35 mm to 50 mm x 50 mm.

[0043] In embodiments of the invention, the at least one separating device (105 / 106) consists of geotextiles and geogrids. These geotextiles and / or geogrids are made of a non-degradable plastic. "Non-degradable" means that the material is resistant to external environmental influences, such as weathering and UV radiation.

[0044] The non-decomposable separators largely prevent the natural settling of the filling material due to shocks, vibrations, or precipitation. This is advantageous because it also allows for the production of gabion walls with a long service life. This is crucial, for example, but not exclusively, in the construction of noise barriers along railway lines, as these structures are required to have a standard service life of at least 50 years, and reliable stability is necessary during this period. Preference is given to non-decomposable materials made of UV-stabilized nonwovens, such as geotextiles with a geotextile robustness class (GRK) between 2 and 5 made of polypropylene and geogrids made of high-density polyethylene (PE-HD) and polypropylene.

[0045] A noise barrier according to the invention is formed from gabion baskets arranged next to and above each other.

[0046] The invention provides a gabion basket designed to be sound-insulating, with the materials used for its filling not having a damaging effect on the mesh of the basket, thus ensuring a long service life of at least 50 years, as required for approval. Advantageously, the gabion basket is filled with completely recyclable materials, allowing the materials used to be reused.

[0047] To realize the invention, it is also expedient to combine the above-described embodiments and features of the claims.

[0048] The invention is described in more detail below with figures and exemplary embodiments, without limiting the invention thereto.

[0049] Figure 1shows a schematic section through a gabion basket (101), with the sectional plane spanned by the axes of imaginary noise propagation from left to right as the abscissa and the vertical axis as the ordinate, with an additional mesh wall (103). The dimensions of the outer edges of the gabion basket (101) are 100 cm from the side facing the noise source to the side facing away from the noise. The gabion basket is made of 6 mm thick wire. The connections at the intersection points are electrically spot-welded. The gabion basket (101) is divided into three sections by separating devices (105), with the area facing the noise source taking up approximately 30% of the total fillable interior volume. The separating device (105) used here is nonwoven fabric. A first filling material (103) is introduced into the area facing the noise source.A second filling material (107) is placed in the area furthest from the noise source. The area between these two areas is filled with a compacted insulation and support material (102). The first filling material (103) has a smaller mesh size than the second filling material (107). In this way, the noise protection properties for absorbing the incident noise by at least 8 dB can be achieved with narrower sub-segments of the gabion basket than when using conventional materials such as lava rubble. The improved sound-absorbing properties of at least 8 dB are thus achieved due to the smaller grain size of the first filling material and the sound-reflecting properties of the unbound insulation and support material. Furthermore, the first filling material has a mesh size that is smaller than the mesh size of the enclosing gabion basket (101).To prevent the filling material (103) from falling out, the mesh size of the gabion basket was previously reduced by inserting an additional mesh wall (104). This additional mesh wall is applied to the inside of the gabion basket according to the invention. The wire thickness of the additional mesh wall is 4.5 mm.

[0050] Figure 2 shows, analogous to Figure 1, schematically shows a section through a gabion basket (101), wherein the sectional plane is spanned by the axes of imaginary noise propagation from left to right as the abscissa and the vertical axis as the ordinate, with an additional grid wall (103). The dimensions of the outer edges of the gabion basket (101) are 100 cm from the side facing the noise source to the side facing away from the noise. The gabion basket is made of 6 mm thick wire. The connection points are electrically welded. The gabion basket (101) is divided into two sections by a separating device (105), with the area facing the noise source taking up approximately 30% of the total fillable interior volume. A first filling material (103) is introduced into the area facing the noise source. The unbound insulation and supporting material is initially loosely filled into the second area and then preferably mechanically compacted.By using a smaller grain size for the noise-side fill material compared to conventional fill materials, such as lava rock, the sound absorption properties of the gabion basket shown here are also improved with respect to the geometry of the section of the gabion basket to be filled. The improved sound-absorbing properties of at least 8 dB are achieved both due to the smaller grain size of the first fill material and the sound-reflecting properties of the unbound insulation and support material.

[0051] In one embodiment, a cuboid gabion basket (101) is manufactured for the device from a wire with a diameter of 6 mm. The wires are connected to each other by welds. The edge lengths of the cuboid gabion basket (101) are 200 cm x 100 cm and the mesh size is 10 cm x 10 cm. The wire material used is unalloyed rolled wire made of low-carbon steel according to DIN EN ISO 16120-2 with a zinc-aluminum coating (Zn90% / Al10%) of at least 300 g / m² according to DIN EN 10244-1 and a durability according to DIN EN 1990 of at least 50 years. The small mesh size of 30 mm x 60 mm of the gabion basket is already manufactured during the production of the outer wall located on the noise-insulating side.

[0052] The gabion basket (101) is divided into two sections by separating devices (105 / 106). The division into the sections occurs along an edge that runs from the side of the gabion basket facing the noise source to the side facing away from the noise. The first section occupies 20 cm along this edge of the gabion basket, resulting in a sub-segment with a volume of approximately 20% of the total fillable interior volume of the gabion basket; the section facing away from the noise occupies 80 cm of this edge. The separating devices (105 / 106) used are GRK 3 geotextiles made of polypropylene with a specific mass of at least 150 g / m². During the filling of the initially empty gabion baskets, the geotextiles are fixed to the wires of the gabion basket using clamps with filling or insulation and support materials.

[0053] To construct a noise barrier, for example on embankments, a row of adjacent gabion baskets (101) according to the invention is first formed. While the row of baskets is still being constructed, the filling of the connected, elongated sections and the stacking of them in rows on top of each other begins.

[0054] The area of the gabion basket facing the noise barrier is filled with the first filling material (103), foam glass gravel. The foam glass gravel has a mesh size of ≥ 32 mm - 45 mm.

[0055] The area away from the noise is filled with insulation and support material (102) made from sieved local excavated soil, from which coarse stones with a sieve size of more than 63 mm were removed. During filling with the sieved local excavated soil, it is compacted using a hand-held compactor. Compaction advantageously creates the desired strength properties, with compaction of less than 2 cm per meter of elevation under a force of 500 kN applied to the top surface of the gabion basket and the insulation and support material (102).

[0056] In one embodiment, a cuboid gabion basket (101) is manufactured for the device from a wire with a diameter of 6 mm. The wires are connected to each other by welds. The edge lengths of the cuboid gabion basket (101) are 200 cm x 100 cm x 100 cm and the mesh size is 10 cm x 10 cm. The wire material used is unalloyed rolled wire made of low-carbon steel according to DIN EN ISO 16120-2 with a zinc-aluminum coating (Zn90% / Al10%) of at least 300 g / m² according to DIN EN 10244-1 and a durability according to DIN EN 1990 of at least 50 years. The small mesh size of 30 mm x 60 mm of the gabion basket is already manufactured during the production of the outer wall located on the noise side.

[0057] The gabion basket (101) is divided into three sections by separating devices (105 / 106). The division into the sections occurs along an edge that runs from the side of the gabion basket facing the noise source to the side of the gabion basket facing away from the noise. The first section occupies 20 cm of the longest edge of the gabion basket, resulting in a sub-segment with a volume of approximately 20% of the total fillable interior volume of the gabion basket. The middle section takes up 50 cm of the longest edge of the gabion basket, and the last section has a length of 30 cm. The separating devices (105 / 106) used are GRK 3 geotextiles made of polypropylene with a specific mass of at least 150 g / m². During the filling of the initially empty gabion baskets, the geotextiles are fixed to the wires of the gabion basket using staples with filling or insulation and support materials.

[0058] To construct a noise barrier, a row of adjacent gabion baskets (101) according to the invention is first formed. While the basket row is still being constructed, the filling of the connected, elongated sections and the stacking of the baskets in rows begins.

[0059] The area of the gabion basket facing the noise barrier is filled with the first filling material (103), foam glass gravel. The foam glass gravel has a mesh size of ≥ 32 mm - 45 mm.

[0060] The last, the noise-removed sub-segment is filled with the second filling material (107) made of gravel and coarse stones from the local excavated soil with a sieve size of 32 mm - 63 mm.

[0061] The central area is filled with unbound, initially loose insulation and support material (102) made from sieved local excavated soil, from which coarse stones with a sieve size of more than 63 mm were removed. During filling with the sieved local excavated soil, it is compacted using a hand-held compactor. Compaction advantageously creates the desired strength properties: compaction of less than 2 cm per meter of elevation under a force of 500 kN on the top surface of the gabion basket and the insulation and support material (102).

[0062] In a further exemplary embodiment, various fillings of the gabion basket according to the invention were tested for their sound-reducing effect: The gabion basket (101) is divided into three sections by separating devices (105 / 106). The division into the sections occurs along an edge that runs from the side of the gabion basket facing the noise source to the side of the gabion basket facing away from the noise. The first section occupies 30 cm of the longest edge of the gabion basket, resulting in a sub-segment with a volume of approximately 20% of the total fillable interior volume of the gabion basket. The middle section occupies 40 cm of the longest edge of the gabion basket, and the last section has a length of 30 cm. The first filling material was gravel with a grain size of 60 / 125 / 150. Here, a reduction of 24 dB was achieved. The measurement was carried out according to CEN / TS 1793-5 in conjunction with EN 1793-1-3.

[0063] In another embodiment, the first filling material was a mixture of gravel with a grain size of 60 / 90 and 5-25% glass foam gravel with a sieve size ≥ 32 mm - 45 mm.

[0064] In another example, the first fill material was a mixture of gravel with a grain size of 60 / 90 or 60 / 120, and 5-25% glass foam gravel with a sieve size of ≥ 32 mm - 45 mm. The middle section occupied 30 cm of the longest edge of the gabion basket. Due to the mixture, a reduction in the proportion of the first fill material was possible while maintaining the same level of sound reduction.

[0065] In another embodiment, a first fill material with a density of ρ ≥ 2000 kg / m 3 was used. The middle section occupied 30 cm of the longest edge of the gabion basket. This fill material met requirement B3. The fill material was a mixture of gravel and glass foam gravel. Reference symbol

[0066] 101Gabion basket 102Compacted insulation and support material 103First filling material 104Additional grid wall 105Separation device 106Second filling material

Claims

1. Device comprising a gabion basket (101), which comprises grid-like outer walls, as a noise protection element, the interior of the gabion basket comprising at least two separate regions, each of the regions extending over the entire height and the entire width of the gabion basket (101), and the regions of the gabion basket (101) being delimited by at least one separating means (105), at least one separating means (105) extending over the entire height and the entire width of the gabion basket, the region facing the noise source being filled with a first filling material (103) and the region facing away from the noise source comprising unbound insulation and support material (102), characterized in that • the first filling material and the insulation and support material have a pH of 6.5 to 8 • the region facing the noise source occupies more than 5% and less than 50% of the total fillable internal volume of the gabion basket, • the mesh size of the wall of the gabion basket facing the noise source is more than 20 mm x 20 mm and less than 100 mm x 100 mm and • the unbound insulation and support material is machine-compacted and, after compaction, cannot be compacted further than 2 cm per meter of height at 500 kN.

2. Device comprising a gabion basket (101), which comprises grid-like outer walls, as a noise protection element, the interior of the gabion basket comprising at least three separate regions, each of the regions extending over the entire height and the entire width of the gabion basket (101), and the regions of the gabion basket (101) being delimited by at least one separating means (105) which extends over the entire height and the entire width of the gabion basket (101), the region facing the noise source being filled with a first filling material (103) and the region facing away from the noise source being filled at least with the first or a second filling material (106), at least one of the regions arranged between the region facing the noise source and the region facing away from the noise source comprising unbound insulation and support material (102), characterized in that • the first and the second filling material and the insulation and support material have a pH of 6.5 to 8, • the region facing the noise source occupies more than 5% and less than 50% of the total fillable internal volume of the gabion basket, • the mesh size of the wall of the gabion basket facing the noise source is more than 20 mm x 20 mm and less than 100 mm x 100 mm and • the unbound insulation and support material is machine-compacted and, after compaction, cannot be compacted further than 2 cm per meter of height at 500 kN.

3. Device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the gabion basket is made of a steel wire having a wire diameter of 3.5 mm ≤ d ≤ 8 mm and a coating of a zinc-aluminum mixture having a mass fraction of aluminum of 6% to 16% and a mass fraction of zinc of 94% to 84%.

4. Device according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first filling material (103) and / or the second filling material (107) has an angle of repose of 35° to 45°.

5. Device according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first filling material (103) is selected from glass foam, gravel, chippings and / or a mixture thereof.

6. Device according to any of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the second filling material (107) is a mineral filling material selected from ballast, railway ballast and / or a mixture thereof.

7. Device according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the unbound insulation and support material (102) has an angle of repose between 32.5° and 40°.

8. Device according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the compacted, unbound insulation and support material (102) is compacted local excavated soil.

9. Device according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the pH of the compacted, unbound insulation and support material (102) is between 6 and 9.

10. Device according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the additional grid wall (104) is made of wire, the wire having a diameter of 4 mm to 7 mm, preferably 4.5 mm to 5 mm.

11. Device according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least one outer wall of the gabion basket (104) has a mesh size of the grid meshes of 25 mm x 25 mm to 100 mm x 100 mm, preferably of 25 mm x 50 mm to 50 mm x 100 mm and particularly preferably of 30 mm x 30 mm to 30 mm x 75 mm.

12. Device according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that at least one separating means (105 / 106) is selected from geotextiles and geogrids.

13. Device according to any of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the region facing the noise source occupies less than 40%, less than 30%, less than 20% of the total fillable internal volume of the gabion basket.

14. Device according to any of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it is designed to satisfy the noise protection properties according to ZTV-Lsw 06.

15. Use of a device according to any of claims 1 to 14 as elements of a noise protection wall, characterized in that the noise protection wall is formed from at least two gabion baskets (101) arranged on top of and / or next to one another.

Images