Tunnel structure for quarrying and quarrying method using same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tunnel structure for quarrying and a quarrying method using same, the tunnel structure comprising a tunnel portion for transporting stones, the tunnel portion being inclined in a stony mountain such that stones quarried from a quarry site at the upper portion of the stony mountain roll therein and fall free on the ground. Thus, the stones quarried from the stony mountain freely fall on the ground through the tunnel that is inclined in the stony mountain, and accordingly, the costs and time for transporting the stones quarried from the stony mountain can be greatly reduced to improve the quarrying efficiency and to greatly improve the efficiency of transporting the stones. In addition, pollution such as noise, vibrations, dust, etc. that occur during the transport of the stones quarried from the stony mountain may be minimized, and thus, conflicts with and damage to residents living around the stony mountain can be minimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a tunnel structure for quarrying and a quarrying method using the tunnel structure.Background Art

[0002] Generally, rock used as a material for construction, civil engineering, and sculpture is quarried from a rocky mountain.

[0003] Particularly, most granitic rock is quarried from a rocky mountain. Usually, a stepwise quarrying method in which quarrying is performed gradually downward from a top portion of a rocky mountain is mainly used.

[0004] That is, in the stepwise quarrying method, after finding a bedrock exposed in nature from the top portion of a rocky mountain as a main target, a free face is formed by performing a jet burner operation. Then, a drilling operation for blasting is performed on the bedrock, and a quarrying operation is performed by increasing the number of free faces artificially through a blasting operation.

[0005] Then, in the stepwise quarrying method, quarried objects are transported on the ground along an inclined road surrounding a side of a rocky mountain by using a truck and so on.

[0006] In the conventional stepwise quarrying method, since quarried objects are transported on the ground along the inclined road surrounding the side of a rocky mountain by using the truck and so on, a lot of transporting time is required. Furthermore, since a cost of using a vehicle such as the truck is incurred, there is a problem that quarrying cost of rock is increased.

[0007] In addition, in the conventional stepwise quarrying method, since quarried objects are transported to the ground along the inclined road surrounding the side of a rocky mountain by using the truck and so on and the truck is required to be moved from the ground to a place where quarrying is required to be performed, there is a problem of causing pollution damage such as noise, vibration, dust, and so on due to quarrying and transporting to residents around the quarry site.

[0008] Accordingly, when residents live around the quarry site, conflicts with the residents around the quarry site frequently occur, and there is a problem that a lot of time and a lot of cost are required to solve the conflicts with the residents.

[0009] JP2007-144255A discloses a crusher to be installed in restricted workspace such as an underground mine to perform crushing treatment. US4103972A discloses open pit mines with benches established radially outward from a turning point to facilitate the use of a mobile crusher.Disclosure Technical Problem

[0010] Accordingly, the present disclosure has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the related art, and an objective of the present disclosure is to provide a tunnel structure for quarrying and a quarrying method using the tunnel structure that is configured such that rock quarried from a rocky mountain naturally falls to the ground through a tunnel positioned and inclined inside a rocky mountain, thereby significantly reducing cost and time required for transporting rock quarried from a rocky mountain to the ground.

[0011] Another objective of the present disclosure is to provide a tunnel structure for quarrying and a quarrying method using the tunnel structure that is configured such that rock quarried from a rocky mountain naturally falls to the ground through a tunnel positioned and inclined inside a rocky mountain, thereby minimizing pollution damage such as noise, vibration, dust, and so on occurring when rock quarried from a rocky mountain is transported.

[0012] Still another objective of the present disclosure is to provide a tunnel structure for quarrying and a quarrying method using the tunnel structure that is configured such that discharging positions of rock quarried from a rocky mountain are capable of being selected since a tunnel is branched, thereby increasing transporting efficiency.Technical Solution

[0013] In order to achieve the above objective, the present invention is a tunnel structure for quarrying, the tunnel structure including: a tunnel portion for transporting rock as a tunnel positioned in a rocky mountain where rock is present, the tunnel portion being positioned to be inclined in the rocky mountain, and the tunnel portion being configured such that rock quarried from a quarry site positioned at an upper portion of the rocky mountain rolls and falls freely inside the tunnel portion and the rock falls to the ground.

[0014] In the present disclosure, an outlet of the tunnel portion for transporting rock may be positioned such that the outlet has a height of 10 m to 20 m from the ground as a clearance height and has a depth of 10 m to 20 m from a surface of a soil layer of the rocky mountain as a clearance depth.

[0015] In the present disclosure, an inclined angle of the tunnel portion for transporting rock may be formed such that the inclined angle has a height to a length ratio between 1:0.5 to 1:1.2.

[0016] In the present disclosure, the tunnel structure may further include: a tunnel constructing auxiliary cave penetrating a soil layer and a rock layer from a side surface of the rocky mountain, the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave being formed by penetrating up to a position where the tunnel portion for transporting rock is formed; and a cave filling portion blocking the tunnel portion for transporting rock after the tunnel portion for transporting rock is constructed.

[0017] In the present disclosure, the tunnel portion for transporting rock may include a plurality of transporting tunnels having different slopes.

[0018] In the present disclosure, the tunnel portion for transporting rock may include: a first transporting tunnel which is positioned at the upper portion of the rocky mountain and which has an upper end portion that becomes an inlet by being open to a top portion of the rocky mountain; a second transporting tunnel which is positioned at a lower portion of the rocky mountain and which has a lower end portion that becomes an outlet where quarried rock falls to the ground by being open to a side direction of the rocky mountain; and a third transporting tunnel connecting the first transporting tunnel to the second transporting tunnel. Furthermore, the first transporting tunnel, the second transporting tunnel, and the third transporting tunnel respectively may respectively have a first slope, a second slope, and a third slope that are different from each other, the third slope of the third transporting tunnel may be larger than the first slope of the first transporting tunnel and the second slope of the second transporting tunnel, and the first slope may be larger than the second slope.

[0019] In the present disclosure, a step portion which protrudes to an inside of a passage and which reduces a transporting speed of the quarried rock may be positioned at a border between the third transporting tunnel and the second transporting tunnel.

[0020] According to the invention, the tunnel structure further includes: a branch tunnel portion which is branched from the tunnel portion for transporting rock and which forms an outlet in a different direction from an outer circumference of the rocky mountain; and a tunnel opening and closing portion that opens and closes an inlet of the branch tunnel portion and a passage of the tunnel portion for transporting rock connected to the branch tunnel portion, wherein the tunnel opening and closing portion includes: an opening and closing block member configured to block the inlet of the branch tunnel portion; and a rectilinearly moving portion configured to open the inlet of the branch tunnel portion and to block the passage of the tunnel portion for transporting rock by moving the opening and closing block member in front and rear directions. Furthermore, the tunnel opening and closing portion is positioned at a lower side of the branch tunnel portion from an inlet side of the branch tunnel portion, the opening and closing block member includes: a block main portion connected to the rectilinearly moving portion, the block main portion having an upper surface connected to an inner side surface of the branch tunnel portion; and an opening and closing protrusion portion that protrudes upward from an end portion of the block main portion, thereby blocking the inlet of the branch tunnel portion. Furthermore, the opening and closing protrusion portion is provided with a transportation guiding inclined surface that guides quarried rock to the branch tunnel portion when the passage of the tunnel portion for transporting rock is blocked, the quarried rock being transported through the tunnel portion for transporting rock.

[0021] In the present disclosure, a passage expanding tapered portion may be positioned at the inlet of the branch tunnel portion such that the transportation guiding inclined surface of the opening and closing protrusion portion is in close contact with an upper side of the inlet of the branch tunnel portion, and the opening and closing protrusion portion may be configured such that a part of an upper end portion of the transportation guiding inclined surface has a shape that is in close contact with the passage expanding tapered portion, thereby blocking the inlet of the branch tunnel portion.

[0022] In the present disclosure, the rectilinearly moving portion may be a hydraulic cylinder disposed such that a piston rod connected to the opening and closing block member is capable of being rectilinearly moved in a cylinder body, the hydraulic cylinder may be provided with a rod protecting portion movably inserted into the cylinder body and connected to the piston rod, the rod protecting portion being moved integrally with the piston rod, thereby protecting the piston rod, and the rod protecting portion may include: a protective cover member formed in a shape covering the piston rod; and a cover connection member connecting the protective cover member and the piston rod.

[0023] The invention is also directed to a quarrying method using a tunnel structure for quarrying, the quarrying method including: a quarry site basing process in which a quarry site of rock capable of quarrying rock from a top portion of a rocky mountain is arranged; a transporting tunnel construction process which is performed after the quarry site basing process and in which a tunnel portion for transporting rock is constructed, the tunnel portion being inclined in the rocky mountain, the tunnel portion having an upper end portion open to an upper surface of the quarry site and having a lower end portion open to a side surface from a lower portion of the rocky mountain, and the tunnel portion being configured such that rock quarried from the quarry site rolls and falls freely in an inner portion of the tunnel portion; a rock quarrying process in which rock is quarried from the quarry site by using a heavy machinery; and a rock transporting process in which rock quarried from the rock quarrying process is loaded into an inlet of the tunnel portion for transporting rock and falls freely through the tunnel portion for transporting rock, thereby discharging rock to an outlet of the tunnel portion for transporting rock. The tunnel structure has the structure of the invention described above.

[0024] In the present disclosure, the transporting tunnel construction process may include: an auxiliary cave construction process in which a tunnel constructing auxiliary cave is formed up to a position where the tunnel portion for transporting rock is formed by penetrating a soil layer and a rock layer of the rocky mountain from the side surface of the rocky mountain; a process of constructing a transporting tunnel performed such that a part or an entire of the tunnel portion for transporting rock is constructed after the auxiliary cave construction process is performed; and a cave filling process performed such that the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave is blocked after the process of constructing the transporting tunnel is performed.

[0025] In the present disclosure, in the transporting tunnel construction process, the tunnel portion for transporting rock may be constructed such that an inclined angle has a height to a length ratio between 1:0.5 to 1:1.2.

[0026] In the present disclosure, in the transporting tunnel construction process, the tunnel portion for transporting rock may be constructed such that a lower end portion of the outlet of the tunnel portion for transporting rock has a height of 10 m to 20 m from a ground as a clearance height and an upper end portion of the outlet has a depth of 10 m to 20 m from a surface of a soil layer.

[0027] In the present disclosure, the transporting tunnel construction process may be performed so as to include a first transporting tunnel which is positioned at an upper portion of the rocky mountain and which has an upper end portion that becomes the inlet by being open to the top portion of the rocky mountain, the first transporting tunnel having a first slope as an inclined angle thereof, a second transporting tunnel which is positioned at the lower portion of the rocky mountain and which has a lower end portion that becomes the outlet where quarried rock falls to the ground by being open to a side direction of the rocky mountain, the second transporting tunnel having a second slope as an inclined angle thereof, and a third transporting tunnel connecting the first transporting tunnel to the second transporting tunnel, the third transporting tunnel having a third slope as an inclined angle thereof. Furthermore, the third slope may be larger than the first slope and the second slope, and the first slope may be larger than the second slope.Advantageous Effects

[0028] In the present disclosure, since rock quarried from a rocky mountain naturally falls to the ground through the tunnel positioned and inclined in a rocky mountain, cost and time required for transporting rock quarried from a rocky mountain to the ground are significantly reduced, so that there are effects that efficiency of quarrying rock is increased and transporting efficiency of rock is largely increased.

[0029] In the present disclosure, since rock quarried from a rocky mountain naturally falls to the ground through the tunnel positioned and inclined in a rocky mountain, pollution damage such as noise, vibration, dust, and so on occurring during transporting rock quarried from a rocky mountain to the ground is minimized, so that there are effects that conflicts with residents living around a rocky mountain are minimized and the damage to the residents is minimized.

[0030] In the present disclosure, since the tunnel is branched and discharging positions of rock quarried from a rocky mountain are capable of being selected, there is an effect that transporting efficiency in transporting quarried rock to another place is largely increased.

[0031] In the present disclosure, since an injury accident in which equipment and workers are injured due to falling rock, an accident in which a dump truck, an excavator, and so on fall down when rock is transported from a rocky mountain, and so on are prevented, there is an effect that the present disclosure largely contributes to industrial safety.Description of Drawings

[0032] FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating an example, not part of the scope of the claims, of a tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating another example, not part of the scope of the claims, of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. FIGS. 3 is a schematic view illustrating another example, not part of the scope of the claims, of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment according to the invention. FIGS. 5 and 6 are views illustrating an embodiment of a tunnel opening and closing portion in an embodiment of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. FIGS. 7 and 8 are views illustrating an embodiment of a hydraulic cylinder of the tunnel opening and closing portion in the yet another embodiment of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. FIG. 9 is a process diagram illustrating a quarrying method using the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. *DESCRIPTION OF MAIN REFERENCE NUMERALS OF DRAWINGS*

[0033] 10: rocky mountain 11: soil layer 12: rock layer 100: tunnel portion for transporting rock 101: outlet guide wall portion 110: first transporting tunnel 120: second transporting tunnel 121: step portion 130: third transporting tunnel 200: tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 300: cave filling portion 400: branch tunnel portion 410: passage expanding tapered portion 500: tunnel opening and closing portion 510: opening and closing block member 511: block main portion 512: opening and closing protrusion portion 520: rectilinearly moving portion 521: hydraulic cylinder 521a: cylinder body 521b: piston rod 530: rod protecting portion 531: protective cover member 532: cover connection member S100: quarry site basing process S200: transporting tunnel construction process S300: rock quarrying process S400: rock transporting process Best Mode

[0034] The present disclosure will be described in more detail.

[0035] Hereinbelow, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating an example not forming part of the scope of the claims of a tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 1, the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure is a tunnel formed in a rocky mountain 10 in which rock is present.

[0037] In addition, an example of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure includes a tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, the tunnel portion 100 being inclined in the rocky mountain 10 and having both ends open such that rock quarried from a quarry site of the rocky mountain 10 rolls therein and falls freely to the ground.

[0038] For example, the rocky mountain 10 includes a soil layer 11 and a rock layer 12 formed inside the soil layer 11. Furthermore, as an example, the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is formed in the rock layer 12.

[0039] The tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is positioned such that an upper end portion thereof is open toward an upper surface from the quarry site that is positioned at a top portion of the rocky mountain 10, and the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is positioned such that a lower end portion thereof is open within a height range that is predetermined on the basis of the ground.

[0040] It should be noted that a diameter of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is formed in various sizes according to sizes of quarried rock that is quarried so that the quarried rock is capable of being smoothly transported.

[0041] In addition, although not illustrated, the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock may be inclined in different directions, and may include a plurality of tunnel portions 100 for transporting rock.

[0042] An example of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure includes a pair of tunnel portions 100 for transporting rock positioned symmetrically at a center of the quarry site, and the pair of tunnel portions 100 for transporting rock may be positioned such that the pair of tunnel portions 100 for transporting rock face opposite directions from each other from an outer circumference of a lower portion of the rocky mountain 10.

[0043] The pair of tunnel portions 100 for transporting rock may selectively transport quarried rock by having outlets in the opposite directions from the rocky mountain 10, so that transporting efficiency of quarried rock is increased.

[0044] The top portion of the rocky mountain 10 is a portion positioned at the uppermost portion from the quarry site of the corresponding stony mountain 10, and is a pre-arranged portion for quarrying rock as an example.

[0045] The upper end portion of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is an inlet into which quarried rock quarried from the uppermost portion is loaded, and the lower end portion of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is an outlet through which the quarried rock rolled and transported by gravity is discharged from the inner portion of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock.

[0046] Rock quarried from the uppermost portion may be loaded into the inlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock by a heavy machinery such as a bulldozer, an excavator, a dump truck, or the like.

[0047] after the quarried rock is loaded into the inlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, the quarried rock is transported downward by rolling along the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, and is discharged to the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, so that the quarried rock may be easily transported to the ground by falling on the ground from the uppermost portion where the quarried rock is quarried.

[0048] For example, the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is positioned such that the outlet has a height of 10 m to 20 m from the ground as a clearance height and has a depth of 10 m to 20 m from a surface of the soil layer 11 as a clearance depth.

[0049] It should be noted that the diameter of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is 2,0 m to 4.0 m as an example and may be changed according to diameters and sizes of quarried rock.

[0050] In addition, an inclined angle of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is formed such that a slope having a height (h) to a length (L) ratio between 1:0.5 to 1:1.2 is formed.

[0051] When the inclined angle of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is excessively large, i.e., when the inclined angle exceeds the height (h) to the length (L) ratio of 1:1.2, quarried rock rolled and transported has an excessively slow transporting speed. Therefore, when soils are transported, small particles cannot fall freely, so that smooth flow of quarried objects may be blocked.

[0052] For example, when the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed such that the slope has the height (h) to the length (L) ratio of 1:2, quarried rock does not fall freely, so that the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock cannot perform a function of a tunnel.

[0053] When the inclined angle of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is large, i.e., when the slope has the height (h) to the length (L) ratio equal to or more than 1:0.5, an inefficient operation that requires a lot of inward cutting of the lower end portion (floor) is required to be performed, so that inconvenience occurs.

[0054] An outlet guide wall portion 101 which is vertically formed and which has a center portion where the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is positioned is positioned at the lower end portion of the rocky mountain 10.

[0055] The outlet guide wall portion 101 has a clearance height of 10 m to 20 m toward a lower side of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock from the ground to the lower end portion of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, and has a clearance height of 10 m to 20 m from the upper end portion of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock to the surface of the soil layer 11.

[0056] The outlet guide wall portion 101 is formed in a vertical direction from the ground and secures the clearance height so that quarried rock discharged from the outlet is sufficiently piled up, and performs a supporting function so that the quarried rock is smoothly piled up. Furthermore, an empty space is formed on the upper end portion of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock so that convenience of transporting the quarried rock discharged and piled up to another place by using a transporting means such as a dump truck is secured.

[0057] Meanwhile, the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock cannot be constructed at once since the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is inclined and is required to penetrate to the soil layer 11 from the uppermost portion and the portion from 10 m to 20 m above the ground.

[0058] Therefore, the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure may further include a tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 which penetrates the soil layer 11 and the rock layer 12 of the rocky mountain 10 and which is formed up to a position where the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is formed, and may further include a cave filling portion 300 blocking the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 after the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed.

[0059] The tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is formed parallel to a surface of the ground and includes a plurality tunnel constructing auxiliary caves 200 positioned with differences in height therebetween so that the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is easily constructed. Furthermore, it is noted that the number and the height of the tunnel constructing auxiliary caves 200 may be variously changed and implemented according to the length of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock.

[0060] After the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed, the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is connected to the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, and has a second end portion that is open to the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock.

[0061] The tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 has a first end portion open to the soil layer 11 of the rocky mountain 10, and has the second end portion open to the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock. Therefore, construction convenience is secured when the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed, and is not constructed at once since the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock penetrates to the uppermost portion and is inclined such that the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is required to penetrate to the soil layer 11 at the position above 10 m to 20 m from the ground. after the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed, some of rock that is rolled and transported may be introduced into the second end portion of the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 open toward the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock. Therefore, the second end portion of the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is blocked by the cave filling portion 300 after the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed.

[0062] The cave filling portion 300 may block the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 by densely filling rock having a size that is equal to or more than a predetermined size, or may be constructed of concrete. Furthermore, the cave filling portion 300 may be constructed by mixing aggregate and cement, or may be variously changed and implemented to a known construction structure capable of blocking the second end portion of the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 after the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed, so that a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0063] The cave filling portion 300 is filled up to the rock layer 12, and the soil layer 11 is exposed, so that the position of the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is capable of being easily checked from the soil layer 11 of the rocky mountain 10.

[0064] That is, by rolling rock through the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure is capable of freely falling rock to the ground from the uppermost portion where quarrying of rock is actually performed.

[0065] Meanwhile, FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating another example not part of the scope of the claims of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 2, the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock may include a plurality of transporting tunnels having different slopes.

[0066] In addition, in the plurality of transporting tunnels, the transporting tunnel where the outlet is positioned has the smallest inclined angle so that transporting speed of quarried rock is controlled, so that quarried rock is discharged at an appropriate speed and falls to the ground when quarried rock is discharged.

[0067] The tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure uses the plurality of transporting tunnels having the different slopes, so that quarried rock rolled in the tunnels and transported is more efficiently transported.

[0068] The tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock may include a first transporting tunnel 110 which is positioned at the upper portion of the rocky mountain 10 and which has an upper end portion that becomes an inlet by being open to the top portion of the rocky mountain 10, a second transporting tunnel 120 which is positioned at a lower portion of the rocky mountain 10 and which has a lower end portion that becomes an outlet where quarried rock falls to the ground by being open to a side direction of the rocky mountain 10, and a third transporting tunnel 130 connecting the first transporting tunnel 110 to the second transporting tunnel 120.

[0069] In addition, the first transporting tunnel 110, the second transporting tunnel 120, and the third transporting tunnel 130 have different slopes from each other, and respectively have a first slope α, a second slope β, and a third slope θ that are different from each other.

[0070] The third transporting tunnel 130 is a central tunnel positioned between the first transporting tunnel 110 and the second transporting tunnel 120, and the third slope θ of the third transporting tunnel 130 is the largest inclined angle, so that the third transporting tunnel 130 is a section with the fastest transporting speed.

[0071] The first slope α of the first transporting tunnel 110 is smaller than the third slope θ of the third transporting tunnel 130 and is larger than the second slope β of the second transporting tunnel 120. Therefore, the first slope α stably secures an initial transporting speed and allows the transporting speed of quarried rock to be stably increased from the third transporting tunnel 130.

[0072] The second transporting tunnel 120 is a tunnel where the outlet to which rock is finally discharged is positioned, and has the second slope β that is smaller than the first slope α, so that the transporting speed of quarried rock discharged through the outlet is reduced. Therefore, when quarried rock is discharged, the quarried rock is discharged at a safe speed, an accident that may occur when the quarried rock is discharged at an excessive speed may be prevented, and the quarried rock may stably fall within a predetermined range.

[0073] In addition, at a border between the third transporting tunnel 130 and the second transporting tunnel 120, a step portion 121 reducing the transporting speed of quarried rock protrudes inside a passage, so that the transporting speed of the quarried rock is appropriately reduced. Furthermore, since the quarried rock is smoothly passed from the border between the third transporting tunnel 130 and the second transporting tunnel 120, the quarried rock may be discharged at the stable transporting speed through the second transporting tunnel 120 finally.

[0074] In the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure, since the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is configured of the plurality of transporting tunnels having the different slopes, an average transporting speed of quarried rock becomes as fast as possible and the quarried rock is discharged at the stable transporting speed, so that quarrying efficiency and transporting efficiency of the quarried rock may be maximized.

[0075] Meanwhile, FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating still another example not part of the scope of the claims of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 3, the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock includes a plurality of transporting tunnels 100a, 100b, and 100c having different slopes and connected to each other. Therefore, an inlet into which quarried rock from the quarry site of the rocky mountain 10 is introduced and an outlet which is adjacent to the ground and positioned at the lower side of the rocky mountain 10 and through which the quarried rock that is transported along the tunnels is discharged may be freely adjusted, and the transporting efficiency of the quarried rock may be maximized by converting directions of the tunnels.

[0076] Meanwhile, FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating an embodiment of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present invention, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are views illustrating an embodiment of a tunnel opening and closing portion 500 in the embodiment of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure.

[0077] Referring to FIG. 4, the embodiment of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present invention includes a branch tunnel portion 400 which is branched from the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock and which forms an outlet in a different direction from the outer circumference of the rocky mountain 10.

[0078] The branch tunnel portion 400 is branched from a point where a first of the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is positioned on the basis of the ground, and forms the outlet in a direction different from the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock.

[0079] Since the branch tunnel portion 400 is branched from the point where the first of the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is positioned on the basis of the ground, construction cost is minimized and is also capable of being constructed to the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 while construction convenience is secured.

[0080] The branch tunnel portion 400 has a first end portion connected to the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, and has a second end portion passing through a side surface of the rocky mountain 10. Therefore, quarried rock rolled and transported through the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is changed by the branch tunnel portion 400, so that the quarried rock is capable of being discharged to the outlet positioned in the different direction from the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock and is capable of falling to the ground.

[0081] Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, the embodiment of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present invention includes the tunnel opening and closing portion 500 that opens and closes the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400 and a passage of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock connected to the branch tunnel portion 400.

[0082] The tunnel opening and closing portion 500 opens and closes the passage of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock. Therefore, when an operation of quarrying rock from the quarry site that is the uppermost portion of the rocky mountain 10 is performed, a worker is capable of stably operating from the ground.

[0083] The tunnel opening and closing block member 500 includes an opening and closing block member 510 blocking the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400, and includes a rectilinearly moving portion 520 opening the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400 and blocking the passage of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock by moving the opening and closing block member 510 in front and rear directions.

[0084] As an example, the rectilinearly moving portion 520 is a hydraulic cylinder 521 in which a piston rod 521b connected to the opening and closing block member 510 is disposed such that the piton rod 521b is capable of being rectilinearly moved in a cylinder body 521a.

[0085] The rectilinearly moving portion 520 may further include a hydraulic control portion (not illustrated) operating the hydraulic cylinder 521 by supplying a hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic cylinder 521. Furthermore, an operation of the hydraulic cylinder 521 through the hydraulic control portion may be variously changed and implemented by using a known structure, so that a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0086] The tunnel opening and closing portion 500 is positioned at a lower side of the branch tunnel portion 400 from an inlet side of the branch tunnel portion 400. Furthermore, the opening and closing block member 510 includes a block main portion 511 which is connected to the rectilinearly moving portion 520 and which has an upper surface connected to an inner sider surface of the branch tunnel portion 400, and includes an opening and closing protrusion portion 512 which protrudes from an end portion of the block main portion 511 and which blocks the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400.

[0087] In addition, the opening and closing protrusion portion 512 is provided with a transportation guiding inclined surface that guides quarried rock to the branch tunnel portion 400 when the passage of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is blocked, the quarried rock being transported through the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock.

[0088] The opening and closing block member 510 has a clearance length toward a rear side of the opening and closing protrusion portion 512 such that a plane connected to the inner side surface of the branch tunnel portion 400 is provided.

[0089] The opening and closing block member 510 has a first end portion that is in close contact with the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, thereby blocking the passage of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock. Furthermore, quarried rock rolled and transported along the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is guided to the branch tunnel portion 400 along the transportation guiding inclined surface, and is transported through the branch tunnel portion 400, so that the quarried rock is discharged to the outlet of the branch tunnel portion 400.

[0090] A passage expanding tapered portion 410 is positioned at the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400 such that the transportation guiding inclined surface of the opening and closing protrusion portion 512 is in close contact with the upper side of the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400.

[0091] The passage expanding tapered portion 410 secures a passage having a size through which quarried rock can be transported from between the passage expanding tapered portion 410 and the inclined surface when the opening and closing block member 510 is in close contact with the inner side surface of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock and the opening and closing block member 510 blocks the passage of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock.

[0092] The opening and closing protrusion portion 512 has a part of an upper end portion, i.e., a part of an upper end portion of the transportation guiding inclined surface, formed in a shape that is in close contact with the passage expanding tapered portion 410, so that the opening and closing protrusion portion 512 blocks the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400.

[0093] The opening and closing block member 510 blocks the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400 when the opening and closing block member 510 is positioned so as to be in close contact with the cylinder body 521a, and a connection passage connecting the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock to the branch tunnel portion 400 from between the transportation guiding inclined surface of the opening and closing protrusion portion 512 and the passage expanding tapered portion 410.

[0094] When the opening and closing block member 510 is moved by the hydraulic cylinder 521 and the passage of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is closed, quarried rock loaded into the inlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock from the quarry side is transported to the branch tunnel portion 400 through the connection passage while the quarried rock is transported through the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, and the quarried rock is rolled in the branch tunnel portion 400 and is discharged to the outlet of the branch tunnel portion 400 finally.

[0095] An operation manager controls the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 521, i.e., the operation of the rectilinearly moving portion 520, and blocks the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400, so that quarried rock is discharged to the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock. Otherwise, the operation manager blocks the passage of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock and opens the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400, so that quarried rock may be discharged to the outlet of the branch tunnel portion 400.

[0096] That is, when quarried rock is transported to a position adjacent to the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, the quarried rock is capable of being discharged to the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock. Furthermore, when quarried rock is transported to a position adjacent to the outlet of the branch tunnel portion 400, the quarried rock is capable of being discharged to the outlet of the branch tunnel portion 400.

[0097] FIGS. 7 and 8 are views illustrating an embodiment of the hydraulic cylinder 521 of the tunnel opening and closing portion 500 in the yet another embodiment of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, the hydraulic cylinder 521 may include a rod protecting portion 530 movably inserted into the cylinder body 521a and connected to the piston rod 521b, the rod protecting portion 530 being moved integrally with the piston rod 521b, thereby protecting the piston rod 521b.

[0098] The rod protecting portion 530 may include a protective cover member 531 formed in a shape covering the piston rod 521b, and may include a cover connection member 532 connecting the protective cover member 531 and the piston rod 521b.

[0099] The cover connection member 532 protrudes to the upper portion and the lower portion of the piston rod 521b and supports the protective cover member 531, so that a load of quarried rock is distributed and supported, thereby preventing the protective cover member 531 and the piston rod 521b from being deformed by the load of the quarried rock.

[0100] The protective cover member 521 covers a gap between the opening and closing block member 510 and the cylinder body 521a when the piston rod 521b is pushed out and the opening and closing block member 510 is moved forward, and protects the pushed out piston rod 521b from quarried rock and also allows the quarried rock to be smoothly transported through the passage of the branch tunnel portion 400.

[0101] Meanwhile, FIG. 9 is a process diagram illustrating a quarrying method using a tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, and 9, an embodiment of a quarrying method using a tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure includes a quarry site basing process S100 in which a quarry site of rock capable of quarrying rock from the uppermost portion of the rocky mountain 10 is arranged, a transporting tunnel construction process S200 which is performed after the quarry site basing process S100 and in which the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed, the tunnel portion 100 being inclined in the rocky mountain 10, the tunnel portion 100 having the upper end portion open to the upper surface of the quarry site and having the lower end portion open to the side surface from the lower portion of the rocky mountain 10, and the tunnel portion 100 being configured such that rock quarried from the quarry site rolls and falls freely in an inner portion of the tunnel portion 100, a rock quarrying process S300 in which rock is quarried from the quarry site by using a heavy machinery, and a rock transporting process S400 in which rock quarried from the rock quarrying process S300 is loaded into the inlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock and falls freely through the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, thereby discharging rock to the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock.

[0102] In addition, the transporting tunnel construction process S200 may include an auxiliary cave construction process in which the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is formed up to the position where the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is formed by penetrating the soil layer 11 and the rock layer 12 of the rocky mountain 10 from the side surface of the rocky mountain 10, a process of constructing a transporting tunnel performed such that a part or the entire of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed after the auxiliary cave construction process, and a cave filling process performed such that the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is blocked after the process of constructing the transporting tunnel.

[0103] In the transporting tunnel construction process S200, after the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is constructed by penetrating the side surface of the rocky mountain 10, a part or the entire of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed, so that the entire of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock penetrating from the top portion of the rocky mountain 10 to a point 10 m to 20 m above the ground is constructed.

[0104] The auxiliary cave construction process and the process of constructing the transporting tunnel may be performed by a blasting process using gunpowder, may be performed by using a drilling machine that penetrates the surface of the ground by inserting a tube, may be performed by a drilling process, or may be performed by various methods through a known cave constructing process.

[0105] In the transporting tunnel construction process S200, the construction of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is completed by alternately performing the auxiliary cave construction process and the process of constructing the transporting tunnel.

[0106] In addition, after the construction of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is completed, the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is blocked by performing the cave filling process so that the transportation of the quarried rock is not interrupted by the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200.

[0107] In the cave filling process, a part of the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is filled, and the cave filling portion 300 is constructed up to the border between the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 and the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, so that the passage of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is prevented from being narrowed.

[0108] In the cave filling process, the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 may be blocked by densely filling rock having a size equal to or more than a predetermined size such that the cave filling portion 300 is constructed, or the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 may be blocked by constructing the cave filling portion 300 with concrete. Furthermore, the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 may be blocked by constructing the cave filling portion 300 by mixing mortar, aggregate, and cement, or the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 may be blocked by variously changing and implementing a known construction structure, so that a detailed description will be omitted.

[0109] In the transporting tunnel construction process S200, the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed such that the inclined angle having a height (h) to a length (L) ratio between 1:0.5 to 1:1.2 is formed.

[0110] When the inclined angle of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is excessively large, i.e., when the inclined angle exceeds the height (h) to the length (L) ratio of 1:1.2, quarried rock rolled and transported has an excessively slow transporting speed. Therefore, when soils are transported, small particles cannot fall freely, so that smooth flow of quarried objects may be blocked.

[0111] For example, when the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed such that the slope has the height (h) to the length (L) ratio of 1:2, quarried rock is difficult to fall freely since an inclination is low, so that the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock cannot perform a function of a tunnel.

[0112] When the inclined angle of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is large, i.e., when the slope has the height (h) to the length (L) ratio equal to or more than 1:0.5, an inefficient operation that requires a lot of inward cutting of the lower end portion (floor) is required to be performed, so that inconvenience occurs.

[0113] In addition, as an example, in the transporting tunnel construction process S200, the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is positioned such that the outlet has a height of 10 m to 20 m from the ground as a clearance height and has a depth of 10 m to 20 m from a surface of the soil layer 11 as a clearance depth.

[0114] That is, in the transporting tunnel construction process S200, the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed such that the lower end portion of the outlet has a height of 10 m to 20 m from the ground as the clearance height and the upper end portion of the outlet has a depth of 10 m to 20 m from the surface of the soil layer 11.

[0115] In the transporting tunnel construction process S200, the clearance depth and the clearance height are respectively formed at the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, and the clearance height for quarried rock to be piled up on the ground after the quarried rock is discharged from the outlet is secured. Furthermore, from the upper end portion of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, convenience in transporting the quarried rock piled up on the ground to another place by using a transportation means such as a dump truck may be secured.

[0116] In addition, in the transporting tunnel construction process S200, the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock in which the plurality of transporting tunnels having the different slopes and connected to each other is provided may be constructed.

[0117] More specifically, in the transporting tunnel construction process S200, the first transporting tunnel 110 which is positioned at the upper portion of the rocky mountain 10 and which has the upper end portion that becomes the inlet by being open to the uppermost portion, the first transporting tunnel 110 having the first slope α, the second transporting tunnel 120 which is positioned at the lower portion of the rocky mountain 10 and which has the lower end portion that becomes the outlet where quarried rock falls to the ground by being open to a side direction of the rocky mountain 10, the second transporting tunnel 120 having the second slope β, and the third transporting tunnel 130 connecting the first transporting tunnel 110 to the second transporting tunnel 120 and having the third slope θ are included. Furthermore, the third slope θ is larger than the first slope α and the second slope β, and the first slope α is larger than the second slope β.

[0118] Accordingly, after the transporting speed of quarried rock is maximized by the third transporting tunnel 130 that has the largest slope, the transporting speed of the quarried rock discharged through the outlet is lowered by the second transporting tunnel 120, so that the quarried rock is discharged at the safe speed when the quarried rock is discharged. Therefore, an accident that may occur when the quarried rock is discharged at the excessive speed may be prevented, and the quarried rock may be stably fall within the predetermined range, so that transporting efficiency and transporting safety of the quarried rock may be secured.

[0119] In the present disclosure, since rock quarried from the rocky mountain 10 naturally falls to the ground through the tunnel positioned to be inclined in the rocky mountain 10, cost and time required for transporting rock quarried from the rocky mountain 10 to the ground are significantly reduced, so that efficiency of quarrying rock may be increased and transporting efficiency of rock may be largely increased.

[0120] In the present disclosure, since rock quarried from the rocky mountain 10 naturally falls to the ground through the tunnel positioned to be inclined in the rocky mountain 10, pollution damage such as noise, vibration, dust, and so on occurring during transporting rock quarried from the rocky mountain 10 to the ground may be minimized, so that conflict with residents living around the rocky mountain 10 may be minimized and the damage to the residents may be minimized.

[0121] In the present disclosure, since the tunnel is branched and discharging positions of rock quarried from the rocky mountain 10 are capable of being selected, transporting efficiency in transporting quarried rock to another place may be largely increased.

[0122] The present disclosure prevents an injury accident in which equipment and workers are injured due to falling rock, an accident in which a dump truck, an excavator, and so on fall down when rock is transported from a rocky mountain are prevented, so that the present disclosure may largely contribute to industrial safety.

[0123] It is to be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the above described embodiments but may be variously modified and embodied within the scope of the following claims.

Examples

Embodiment Construction

[0034]The present disclosure will be described in more detail.

[0035]Hereinbelow, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036]FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating an example not forming part of the scope of the claims of a tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 1, the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure is a tunnel formed in a rocky mountain 10 in which rock is present.

[0037]In addition, an example of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure includes a tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, the tunnel portion 100 being inclined in the rocky mountain 10 and having both ends open such that rock quarried from a quarry site of the rocky mountain 10 rolls therein and falls freely to the ground.

[0038]For example, the rocky mountain 10 includes a soil layer 11 and a rock layer 12 formed inside the soil laye...

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a tunnel structure for quarrying and a quarrying method using the tunnel structure.Background Art

[0002] Generally, rock used as a material for construction, civil engineering, and sculpture is quarried from a rocky mountain.

[0003] Particularly, most granitic rock is quarried from a rocky mountain. Usually, a stepwise quarrying method in which quarrying is performed gradually downward from a top portion of a rocky mountain is mainly used.

[0004] That is, in the stepwise quarrying method, after finding a bedrock exposed in nature from the top portion of a rocky mountain as a main target, a free face is formed by performing a jet burner operation. Then, a drilling operation for blasting is performed on the bedrock, and a quarrying operation is performed by increasing the number of free faces artificially through a blasting operation.

[0005] Then, in the stepwise quarrying method, quarried objects are transported on the ground along an inclined road surrounding a side of a rocky mountain by using a truck and so on.

[0006] In the conventional stepwise quarrying method, since quarried objects are transported on the ground along the inclined road surrounding the side of a rocky mountain by using the truck and so on, a lot of transporting time is required. Furthermore, since a cost of using a vehicle such as the truck is incurred, there is a problem that quarrying cost of rock is increased.

[0007] In addition, in the conventional stepwise quarrying method, since quarried objects are transported to the ground along the inclined road surrounding the side of a rocky mountain by using the truck and so on and the truck is required to be moved from the ground to a place where quarrying is required to be performed, there is a problem of causing pollution damage such as noise, vibration, dust, and so on due to quarrying and transporting to residents around the quarry site.

[0008] Accordingly, when residents live around the quarry site, conflicts with the residents around the quarry site frequently occur, and there is a problem that a lot of time and a lot of cost are required to solve the conflicts with the residents.

[0009] JP2007-144255A discloses a crusher to be installed in restricted workspace such as an underground mine to perform crushing treatment. US4103972A discloses open pit mines with benches established radially outward from a turning point to facilitate the use of a mobile crusher.Disclosure Technical Problem

[0010] Accordingly, the present disclosure has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the related art, and an objective of the present disclosure is to provide a tunnel structure for quarrying and a quarrying method using the tunnel structure that is configured such that rock quarried from a rocky mountain naturally falls to the ground through a tunnel positioned and inclined inside a rocky mountain, thereby significantly reducing cost and time required for transporting rock quarried from a rocky mountain to the ground.

[0011] Another objective of the present disclosure is to provide a tunnel structure for quarrying and a quarrying method using the tunnel structure that is configured such that rock quarried from a rocky mountain naturally falls to the ground through a tunnel positioned and inclined inside a rocky mountain, thereby minimizing pollution damage such as noise, vibration, dust, and so on occurring when rock quarried from a rocky mountain is transported.

[0012] Still another objective of the present disclosure is to provide a tunnel structure for quarrying and a quarrying method using the tunnel structure that is configured such that discharging positions of rock quarried from a rocky mountain are capable of being selected since a tunnel is branched, thereby increasing transporting efficiency.Technical Solution

[0013] In order to achieve the above objective, the present invention is a tunnel structure for quarrying, the tunnel structure including: a tunnel portion for transporting rock as a tunnel positioned in a rocky mountain where rock is present, the tunnel portion being positioned to be inclined in the rocky mountain, and the tunnel portion being configured such that rock quarried from a quarry site positioned at an upper portion of the rocky mountain rolls and falls freely inside the tunnel portion and the rock falls to the ground.

[0014] In the present disclosure, an outlet of the tunnel portion for transporting rock may be positioned such that the outlet has a height of 10 m to 20 m from the ground as a clearance height and has a depth of 10 m to 20 m from a surface of a soil layer of the rocky mountain as a clearance depth.

[0015] In the present disclosure, an inclined angle of the tunnel portion for transporting rock may be formed such that the inclined angle has a height to a length ratio between 1:0.5 to 1:1.2.

[0016] In the present disclosure, the tunnel structure may further include: a tunnel constructing auxiliary cave penetrating a soil layer and a rock layer from a side surface of the rocky mountain, the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave being formed by penetrating up to a position where the tunnel portion for transporting rock is formed; and a cave filling portion blocking the tunnel portion for transporting rock after the tunnel portion for transporting rock is constructed.

[0017] In the present disclosure, the tunnel portion for transporting rock may include a plurality of transporting tunnels having different slopes.

[0018] In the present disclosure, the tunnel portion for transporting rock may include: a first transporting tunnel which is positioned at the upper portion of the rocky mountain and which has an upper end portion that becomes an inlet by being open to a top portion of the rocky mountain; a second transporting tunnel which is positioned at a lower portion of the rocky mountain and which has a lower end portion that becomes an outlet where quarried rock falls to the ground by being open to a side direction of the rocky mountain; and a third transporting tunnel connecting the first transporting tunnel to the second transporting tunnel. Furthermore, the first transporting tunnel, the second transporting tunnel, and the third transporting tunnel respectively may respectively have a first slope, a second slope, and a third slope that are different from each other, the third slope of the third transporting tunnel may be larger than the first slope of the first transporting tunnel and the second slope of the second transporting tunnel, and the first slope may be larger than the second slope.

[0019] In the present disclosure, a step portion which protrudes to an inside of a passage and which reduces a transporting speed of the quarried rock may be positioned at a border between the third transporting tunnel and the second transporting tunnel.

[0020] According to the invention, the tunnel structure further includes: a branch tunnel portion which is branched from the tunnel portion for transporting rock and which forms an outlet in a different direction from an outer circumference of the rocky mountain; and a tunnel opening and closing portion that opens and closes an inlet of the branch tunnel portion and a passage of the tunnel portion for transporting rock connected to the branch tunnel portion, wherein the tunnel opening and closing portion includes: an opening and closing block member configured to block the inlet of the branch tunnel portion; and a rectilinearly moving portion configured to open the inlet of the branch tunnel portion and to block the passage of the tunnel portion for transporting rock by moving the opening and closing block member in front and rear directions. Furthermore, the tunnel opening and closing portion is positioned at a lower side of the branch tunnel portion from an inlet side of the branch tunnel portion, the opening and closing block member includes: a block main portion connected to the rectilinearly moving portion, the block main portion having an upper surface connected to an inner side surface of the branch tunnel portion; and an opening and closing protrusion portion that protrudes upward from an end portion of the block main portion, thereby blocking the inlet of the branch tunnel portion. Furthermore, the opening and closing protrusion portion is provided with a transportation guiding inclined surface that guides quarried rock to the branch tunnel portion when the passage of the tunnel portion for transporting rock is blocked, the quarried rock being transported through the tunnel portion for transporting rock.

[0021] In the present disclosure, a passage expanding tapered portion may be positioned at the inlet of the branch tunnel portion such that the transportation guiding inclined surface of the opening and closing protrusion portion is in close contact with an upper side of the inlet of the branch tunnel portion, and the opening and closing protrusion portion may be configured such that a part of an upper end portion of the transportation guiding inclined surface has a shape that is in close contact with the passage expanding tapered portion, thereby blocking the inlet of the branch tunnel portion.

[0022] In the present disclosure, the rectilinearly moving portion may be a hydraulic cylinder disposed such that a piston rod connected to the opening and closing block member is capable of being rectilinearly moved in a cylinder body, the hydraulic cylinder may be provided with a rod protecting portion movably inserted into the cylinder body and connected to the piston rod, the rod protecting portion being moved integrally with the piston rod, thereby protecting the piston rod, and the rod protecting portion may include: a protective cover member formed in a shape covering the piston rod; and a cover connection member connecting the protective cover member and the piston rod.

[0023] The invention is also directed to a quarrying method using a tunnel structure for quarrying, the quarrying method including: a quarry site basing process in which a quarry site of rock capable of quarrying rock from a top portion of a rocky mountain is arranged; a transporting tunnel construction process which is performed after the quarry site basing process and in which a tunnel portion for transporting rock is constructed, the tunnel portion being inclined in the rocky mountain, the tunnel portion having an upper end portion open to an upper surface of the quarry site and having a lower end portion open to a side surface from a lower portion of the rocky mountain, and the tunnel portion being configured such that rock quarried from the quarry site rolls and falls freely in an inner portion of the tunnel portion; a rock quarrying process in which rock is quarried from the quarry site by using a heavy machinery; and a rock transporting process in which rock quarried from the rock quarrying process is loaded into an inlet of the tunnel portion for transporting rock and falls freely through the tunnel portion for transporting rock, thereby discharging rock to an outlet of the tunnel portion for transporting rock. The tunnel structure has the structure of the invention described above.

[0024] In the present disclosure, the transporting tunnel construction process may include: an auxiliary cave construction process in which a tunnel constructing auxiliary cave is formed up to a position where the tunnel portion for transporting rock is formed by penetrating a soil layer and a rock layer of the rocky mountain from the side surface of the rocky mountain; a process of constructing a transporting tunnel performed such that a part or an entire of the tunnel portion for transporting rock is constructed after the auxiliary cave construction process is performed; and a cave filling process performed such that the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave is blocked after the process of constructing the transporting tunnel is performed.

[0025] In the present disclosure, in the transporting tunnel construction process, the tunnel portion for transporting rock may be constructed such that an inclined angle has a height to a length ratio between 1:0.5 to 1:1.2.

[0026] In the present disclosure, in the transporting tunnel construction process, the tunnel portion for transporting rock may be constructed such that a lower end portion of the outlet of the tunnel portion for transporting rock has a height of 10 m to 20 m from a ground as a clearance height and an upper end portion of the outlet has a depth of 10 m to 20 m from a surface of a soil layer.

[0027] In the present disclosure, the transporting tunnel construction process may be performed so as to include a first transporting tunnel which is positioned at an upper portion of the rocky mountain and which has an upper end portion that becomes the inlet by being open to the top portion of the rocky mountain, the first transporting tunnel having a first slope as an inclined angle thereof, a second transporting tunnel which is positioned at the lower portion of the rocky mountain and which has a lower end portion that becomes the outlet where quarried rock falls to the ground by being open to a side direction of the rocky mountain, the second transporting tunnel having a second slope as an inclined angle thereof, and a third transporting tunnel connecting the first transporting tunnel to the second transporting tunnel, the third transporting tunnel having a third slope as an inclined angle thereof. Furthermore, the third slope may be larger than the first slope and the second slope, and the first slope may be larger than the second slope.Advantageous Effects

[0028] In the present disclosure, since rock quarried from a rocky mountain naturally falls to the ground through the tunnel positioned and inclined in a rocky mountain, cost and time required for transporting rock quarried from a rocky mountain to the ground are significantly reduced, so that there are effects that efficiency of quarrying rock is increased and transporting efficiency of rock is largely increased.

[0029] In the present disclosure, since rock quarried from a rocky mountain naturally falls to the ground through the tunnel positioned and inclined in a rocky mountain, pollution damage such as noise, vibration, dust, and so on occurring during transporting rock quarried from a rocky mountain to the ground is minimized, so that there are effects that conflicts with residents living around a rocky mountain are minimized and the damage to the residents is minimized.

[0030] In the present disclosure, since the tunnel is branched and discharging positions of rock quarried from a rocky mountain are capable of being selected, there is an effect that transporting efficiency in transporting quarried rock to another place is largely increased.

[0031] In the present disclosure, since an injury accident in which equipment and workers are injured due to falling rock, an accident in which a dump truck, an excavator, and so on fall down when rock is transported from a rocky mountain, and so on are prevented, there is an effect that the present disclosure largely contributes to industrial safety.Description of Drawings

[0032] FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating an example, not part of the scope of the claims, of a tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating another example, not part of the scope of the claims, of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. FIGS. 3 is a schematic view illustrating another example, not part of the scope of the claims, of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment according to the invention. FIGS. 5 and 6 are views illustrating an embodiment of a tunnel opening and closing portion in an embodiment of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. FIGS. 7 and 8 are views illustrating an embodiment of a hydraulic cylinder of the tunnel opening and closing portion in the yet another embodiment of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. FIG. 9 is a process diagram illustrating a quarrying method using the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. *DESCRIPTION OF MAIN REFERENCE NUMERALS OF DRAWINGS*

[0033] 10: rocky mountain 11: soil layer 12: rock layer 100: tunnel portion for transporting rock 101: outlet guide wall portion 110: first transporting tunnel 120: second transporting tunnel 121: step portion 130: third transporting tunnel 200: tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 300: cave filling portion 400: branch tunnel portion 410: passage expanding tapered portion 500: tunnel opening and closing portion 510: opening and closing block member 511: block main portion 512: opening and closing protrusion portion 520: rectilinearly moving portion 521: hydraulic cylinder 521a: cylinder body 521b: piston rod 530: rod protecting portion 531: protective cover member 532: cover connection member S100: quarry site basing process S200: transporting tunnel construction process S300: rock quarrying process S400: rock transporting process Best Mode

[0034] The present disclosure will be described in more detail.

[0035] Hereinbelow, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating an example not forming part of the scope of the claims of a tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 1, the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure is a tunnel formed in a rocky mountain 10 in which rock is present.

[0037] In addition, an example of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure includes a tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, the tunnel portion 100 being inclined in the rocky mountain 10 and having both ends open such that rock quarried from a quarry site of the rocky mountain 10 rolls therein and falls freely to the ground.

[0038] For example, the rocky mountain 10 includes a soil layer 11 and a rock layer 12 formed inside the soil layer 11. Furthermore, as an example, the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is formed in the rock layer 12.

[0039] The tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is positioned such that an upper end portion thereof is open toward an upper surface from the quarry site that is positioned at a top portion of the rocky mountain 10, and the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is positioned such that a lower end portion thereof is open within a height range that is predetermined on the basis of the ground.

[0040] It should be noted that a diameter of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is formed in various sizes according to sizes of quarried rock that is quarried so that the quarried rock is capable of being smoothly transported.

[0041] In addition, although not illustrated, the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock may be inclined in different directions, and may include a plurality of tunnel portions 100 for transporting rock.

[0042] An example of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure includes a pair of tunnel portions 100 for transporting rock positioned symmetrically at a center of the quarry site, and the pair of tunnel portions 100 for transporting rock may be positioned such that the pair of tunnel portions 100 for transporting rock face opposite directions from each other from an outer circumference of a lower portion of the rocky mountain 10.

[0043] The pair of tunnel portions 100 for transporting rock may selectively transport quarried rock by having outlets in the opposite directions from the rocky mountain 10, so that transporting efficiency of quarried rock is increased.

[0044] The top portion of the rocky mountain 10 is a portion positioned at the uppermost portion from the quarry site of the corresponding stony mountain 10, and is a pre-arranged portion for quarrying rock as an example.

[0045] The upper end portion of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is an inlet into which quarried rock quarried from the uppermost portion is loaded, and the lower end portion of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is an outlet through which the quarried rock rolled and transported by gravity is discharged from the inner portion of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock.

[0046] Rock quarried from the uppermost portion may be loaded into the inlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock by a heavy machinery such as a bulldozer, an excavator, a dump truck, or the like.

[0047] after the quarried rock is loaded into the inlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, the quarried rock is transported downward by rolling along the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, and is discharged to the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, so that the quarried rock may be easily transported to the ground by falling on the ground from the uppermost portion where the quarried rock is quarried.

[0048] For example, the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is positioned such that the outlet has a height of 10 m to 20 m from the ground as a clearance height and has a depth of 10 m to 20 m from a surface of the soil layer 11 as a clearance depth.

[0049] It should be noted that the diameter of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is 2,0 m to 4.0 m as an example and may be changed according to diameters and sizes of quarried rock.

[0050] In addition, an inclined angle of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is formed such that a slope having a height (h) to a length (L) ratio between 1:0.5 to 1:1.2 is formed.

[0051] When the inclined angle of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is excessively large, i.e., when the inclined angle exceeds the height (h) to the length (L) ratio of 1:1.2, quarried rock rolled and transported has an excessively slow transporting speed. Therefore, when soils are transported, small particles cannot fall freely, so that smooth flow of quarried objects may be blocked.

[0052] For example, when the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed such that the slope has the height (h) to the length (L) ratio of 1:2, quarried rock does not fall freely, so that the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock cannot perform a function of a tunnel.

[0053] When the inclined angle of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is large, i.e., when the slope has the height (h) to the length (L) ratio equal to or more than 1:0.5, an inefficient operation that requires a lot of inward cutting of the lower end portion (floor) is required to be performed, so that inconvenience occurs.

[0054] An outlet guide wall portion 101 which is vertically formed and which has a center portion where the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is positioned is positioned at the lower end portion of the rocky mountain 10.

[0055] The outlet guide wall portion 101 has a clearance height of 10 m to 20 m toward a lower side of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock from the ground to the lower end portion of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, and has a clearance height of 10 m to 20 m from the upper end portion of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock to the surface of the soil layer 11.

[0056] The outlet guide wall portion 101 is formed in a vertical direction from the ground and secures the clearance height so that quarried rock discharged from the outlet is sufficiently piled up, and performs a supporting function so that the quarried rock is smoothly piled up. Furthermore, an empty space is formed on the upper end portion of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock so that convenience of transporting the quarried rock discharged and piled up to another place by using a transporting means such as a dump truck is secured.

[0057] Meanwhile, the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock cannot be constructed at once since the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is inclined and is required to penetrate to the soil layer 11 from the uppermost portion and the portion from 10 m to 20 m above the ground.

[0058] Therefore, the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure may further include a tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 which penetrates the soil layer 11 and the rock layer 12 of the rocky mountain 10 and which is formed up to a position where the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is formed, and may further include a cave filling portion 300 blocking the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 after the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed.

[0059] The tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is formed parallel to a surface of the ground and includes a plurality tunnel constructing auxiliary caves 200 positioned with differences in height therebetween so that the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is easily constructed. Furthermore, it is noted that the number and the height of the tunnel constructing auxiliary caves 200 may be variously changed and implemented according to the length of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock.

[0060] After the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed, the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is connected to the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, and has a second end portion that is open to the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock.

[0061] The tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 has a first end portion open to the soil layer 11 of the rocky mountain 10, and has the second end portion open to the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock. Therefore, construction convenience is secured when the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed, and is not constructed at once since the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock penetrates to the uppermost portion and is inclined such that the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is required to penetrate to the soil layer 11 at the position above 10 m to 20 m from the ground. after the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed, some of rock that is rolled and transported may be introduced into the second end portion of the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 open toward the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock. Therefore, the second end portion of the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is blocked by the cave filling portion 300 after the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed.

[0062] The cave filling portion 300 may block the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 by densely filling rock having a size that is equal to or more than a predetermined size, or may be constructed of concrete. Furthermore, the cave filling portion 300 may be constructed by mixing aggregate and cement, or may be variously changed and implemented to a known construction structure capable of blocking the second end portion of the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 after the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed, so that a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0063] The cave filling portion 300 is filled up to the rock layer 12, and the soil layer 11 is exposed, so that the position of the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is capable of being easily checked from the soil layer 11 of the rocky mountain 10.

[0064] That is, by rolling rock through the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure is capable of freely falling rock to the ground from the uppermost portion where quarrying of rock is actually performed.

[0065] Meanwhile, FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating another example not part of the scope of the claims of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 2, the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock may include a plurality of transporting tunnels having different slopes.

[0066] In addition, in the plurality of transporting tunnels, the transporting tunnel where the outlet is positioned has the smallest inclined angle so that transporting speed of quarried rock is controlled, so that quarried rock is discharged at an appropriate speed and falls to the ground when quarried rock is discharged.

[0067] The tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure uses the plurality of transporting tunnels having the different slopes, so that quarried rock rolled in the tunnels and transported is more efficiently transported.

[0068] The tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock may include a first transporting tunnel 110 which is positioned at the upper portion of the rocky mountain 10 and which has an upper end portion that becomes an inlet by being open to the top portion of the rocky mountain 10, a second transporting tunnel 120 which is positioned at a lower portion of the rocky mountain 10 and which has a lower end portion that becomes an outlet where quarried rock falls to the ground by being open to a side direction of the rocky mountain 10, and a third transporting tunnel 130 connecting the first transporting tunnel 110 to the second transporting tunnel 120.

[0069] In addition, the first transporting tunnel 110, the second transporting tunnel 120, and the third transporting tunnel 130 have different slopes from each other, and respectively have a first slope α, a second slope β, and a third slope θ that are different from each other.

[0070] The third transporting tunnel 130 is a central tunnel positioned between the first transporting tunnel 110 and the second transporting tunnel 120, and the third slope θ of the third transporting tunnel 130 is the largest inclined angle, so that the third transporting tunnel 130 is a section with the fastest transporting speed.

[0071] The first slope α of the first transporting tunnel 110 is smaller than the third slope θ of the third transporting tunnel 130 and is larger than the second slope β of the second transporting tunnel 120. Therefore, the first slope α stably secures an initial transporting speed and allows the transporting speed of quarried rock to be stably increased from the third transporting tunnel 130.

[0072] The second transporting tunnel 120 is a tunnel where the outlet to which rock is finally discharged is positioned, and has the second slope β that is smaller than the first slope α, so that the transporting speed of quarried rock discharged through the outlet is reduced. Therefore, when quarried rock is discharged, the quarried rock is discharged at a safe speed, an accident that may occur when the quarried rock is discharged at an excessive speed may be prevented, and the quarried rock may stably fall within a predetermined range.

[0073] In addition, at a border between the third transporting tunnel 130 and the second transporting tunnel 120, a step portion 121 reducing the transporting speed of quarried rock protrudes inside a passage, so that the transporting speed of the quarried rock is appropriately reduced. Furthermore, since the quarried rock is smoothly passed from the border between the third transporting tunnel 130 and the second transporting tunnel 120, the quarried rock may be discharged at the stable transporting speed through the second transporting tunnel 120 finally.

[0074] In the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure, since the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is configured of the plurality of transporting tunnels having the different slopes, an average transporting speed of quarried rock becomes as fast as possible and the quarried rock is discharged at the stable transporting speed, so that quarrying efficiency and transporting efficiency of the quarried rock may be maximized.

[0075] Meanwhile, FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating still another example not part of the scope of the claims of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 3, the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock includes a plurality of transporting tunnels 100a, 100b, and 100c having different slopes and connected to each other. Therefore, an inlet into which quarried rock from the quarry site of the rocky mountain 10 is introduced and an outlet which is adjacent to the ground and positioned at the lower side of the rocky mountain 10 and through which the quarried rock that is transported along the tunnels is discharged may be freely adjusted, and the transporting efficiency of the quarried rock may be maximized by converting directions of the tunnels.

[0076] Meanwhile, FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating an embodiment of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present invention, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are views illustrating an embodiment of a tunnel opening and closing portion 500 in the embodiment of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure.

[0077] Referring to FIG. 4, the embodiment of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present invention includes a branch tunnel portion 400 which is branched from the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock and which forms an outlet in a different direction from the outer circumference of the rocky mountain 10.

[0078] The branch tunnel portion 400 is branched from a point where a first of the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is positioned on the basis of the ground, and forms the outlet in a direction different from the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock.

[0079] Since the branch tunnel portion 400 is branched from the point where the first of the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is positioned on the basis of the ground, construction cost is minimized and is also capable of being constructed to the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 while construction convenience is secured.

[0080] The branch tunnel portion 400 has a first end portion connected to the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, and has a second end portion passing through a side surface of the rocky mountain 10. Therefore, quarried rock rolled and transported through the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is changed by the branch tunnel portion 400, so that the quarried rock is capable of being discharged to the outlet positioned in the different direction from the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock and is capable of falling to the ground.

[0081] Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, the embodiment of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present invention includes the tunnel opening and closing portion 500 that opens and closes the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400 and a passage of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock connected to the branch tunnel portion 400.

[0082] The tunnel opening and closing portion 500 opens and closes the passage of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock. Therefore, when an operation of quarrying rock from the quarry site that is the uppermost portion of the rocky mountain 10 is performed, a worker is capable of stably operating from the ground.

[0083] The tunnel opening and closing block member 500 includes an opening and closing block member 510 blocking the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400, and includes a rectilinearly moving portion 520 opening the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400 and blocking the passage of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock by moving the opening and closing block member 510 in front and rear directions.

[0084] As an example, the rectilinearly moving portion 520 is a hydraulic cylinder 521 in which a piston rod 521b connected to the opening and closing block member 510 is disposed such that the piton rod 521b is capable of being rectilinearly moved in a cylinder body 521a.

[0085] The rectilinearly moving portion 520 may further include a hydraulic control portion (not illustrated) operating the hydraulic cylinder 521 by supplying a hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic cylinder 521. Furthermore, an operation of the hydraulic cylinder 521 through the hydraulic control portion may be variously changed and implemented by using a known structure, so that a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0086] The tunnel opening and closing portion 500 is positioned at a lower side of the branch tunnel portion 400 from an inlet side of the branch tunnel portion 400. Furthermore, the opening and closing block member 510 includes a block main portion 511 which is connected to the rectilinearly moving portion 520 and which has an upper surface connected to an inner sider surface of the branch tunnel portion 400, and includes an opening and closing protrusion portion 512 which protrudes from an end portion of the block main portion 511 and which blocks the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400.

[0087] In addition, the opening and closing protrusion portion 512 is provided with a transportation guiding inclined surface that guides quarried rock to the branch tunnel portion 400 when the passage of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is blocked, the quarried rock being transported through the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock.

[0088] The opening and closing block member 510 has a clearance length toward a rear side of the opening and closing protrusion portion 512 such that a plane connected to the inner side surface of the branch tunnel portion 400 is provided.

[0089] The opening and closing block member 510 has a first end portion that is in close contact with the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, thereby blocking the passage of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock. Furthermore, quarried rock rolled and transported along the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is guided to the branch tunnel portion 400 along the transportation guiding inclined surface, and is transported through the branch tunnel portion 400, so that the quarried rock is discharged to the outlet of the branch tunnel portion 400.

[0090] A passage expanding tapered portion 410 is positioned at the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400 such that the transportation guiding inclined surface of the opening and closing protrusion portion 512 is in close contact with the upper side of the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400.

[0091] The passage expanding tapered portion 410 secures a passage having a size through which quarried rock can be transported from between the passage expanding tapered portion 410 and the inclined surface when the opening and closing block member 510 is in close contact with the inner side surface of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock and the opening and closing block member 510 blocks the passage of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock.

[0092] The opening and closing protrusion portion 512 has a part of an upper end portion, i.e., a part of an upper end portion of the transportation guiding inclined surface, formed in a shape that is in close contact with the passage expanding tapered portion 410, so that the opening and closing protrusion portion 512 blocks the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400.

[0093] The opening and closing block member 510 blocks the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400 when the opening and closing block member 510 is positioned so as to be in close contact with the cylinder body 521a, and a connection passage connecting the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock to the branch tunnel portion 400 from between the transportation guiding inclined surface of the opening and closing protrusion portion 512 and the passage expanding tapered portion 410.

[0094] When the opening and closing block member 510 is moved by the hydraulic cylinder 521 and the passage of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is closed, quarried rock loaded into the inlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock from the quarry side is transported to the branch tunnel portion 400 through the connection passage while the quarried rock is transported through the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, and the quarried rock is rolled in the branch tunnel portion 400 and is discharged to the outlet of the branch tunnel portion 400 finally.

[0095] An operation manager controls the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 521, i.e., the operation of the rectilinearly moving portion 520, and blocks the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400, so that quarried rock is discharged to the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock. Otherwise, the operation manager blocks the passage of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock and opens the inlet of the branch tunnel portion 400, so that quarried rock may be discharged to the outlet of the branch tunnel portion 400.

[0096] That is, when quarried rock is transported to a position adjacent to the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, the quarried rock is capable of being discharged to the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock. Furthermore, when quarried rock is transported to a position adjacent to the outlet of the branch tunnel portion 400, the quarried rock is capable of being discharged to the outlet of the branch tunnel portion 400.

[0097] FIGS. 7 and 8 are views illustrating an embodiment of the hydraulic cylinder 521 of the tunnel opening and closing portion 500 in the yet another embodiment of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, the hydraulic cylinder 521 may include a rod protecting portion 530 movably inserted into the cylinder body 521a and connected to the piston rod 521b, the rod protecting portion 530 being moved integrally with the piston rod 521b, thereby protecting the piston rod 521b.

[0098] The rod protecting portion 530 may include a protective cover member 531 formed in a shape covering the piston rod 521b, and may include a cover connection member 532 connecting the protective cover member 531 and the piston rod 521b.

[0099] The cover connection member 532 protrudes to the upper portion and the lower portion of the piston rod 521b and supports the protective cover member 531, so that a load of quarried rock is distributed and supported, thereby preventing the protective cover member 531 and the piston rod 521b from being deformed by the load of the quarried rock.

[0100] The protective cover member 521 covers a gap between the opening and closing block member 510 and the cylinder body 521a when the piston rod 521b is pushed out and the opening and closing block member 510 is moved forward, and protects the pushed out piston rod 521b from quarried rock and also allows the quarried rock to be smoothly transported through the passage of the branch tunnel portion 400.

[0101] Meanwhile, FIG. 9 is a process diagram illustrating a quarrying method using a tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, and 9, an embodiment of a quarrying method using a tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure includes a quarry site basing process S100 in which a quarry site of rock capable of quarrying rock from the uppermost portion of the rocky mountain 10 is arranged, a transporting tunnel construction process S200 which is performed after the quarry site basing process S100 and in which the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed, the tunnel portion 100 being inclined in the rocky mountain 10, the tunnel portion 100 having the upper end portion open to the upper surface of the quarry site and having the lower end portion open to the side surface from the lower portion of the rocky mountain 10, and the tunnel portion 100 being configured such that rock quarried from the quarry site rolls and falls freely in an inner portion of the tunnel portion 100, a rock quarrying process S300 in which rock is quarried from the quarry site by using a heavy machinery, and a rock transporting process S400 in which rock quarried from the rock quarrying process S300 is loaded into the inlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock and falls freely through the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, thereby discharging rock to the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock.

[0102] In addition, the transporting tunnel construction process S200 may include an auxiliary cave construction process in which the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is formed up to the position where the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is formed by penetrating the soil layer 11 and the rock layer 12 of the rocky mountain 10 from the side surface of the rocky mountain 10, a process of constructing a transporting tunnel performed such that a part or the entire of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed after the auxiliary cave construction process, and a cave filling process performed such that the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is blocked after the process of constructing the transporting tunnel.

[0103] In the transporting tunnel construction process S200, after the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is constructed by penetrating the side surface of the rocky mountain 10, a part or the entire of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed, so that the entire of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock penetrating from the top portion of the rocky mountain 10 to a point 10 m to 20 m above the ground is constructed.

[0104] The auxiliary cave construction process and the process of constructing the transporting tunnel may be performed by a blasting process using gunpowder, may be performed by using a drilling machine that penetrates the surface of the ground by inserting a tube, may be performed by a drilling process, or may be performed by various methods through a known cave constructing process.

[0105] In the transporting tunnel construction process S200, the construction of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is completed by alternately performing the auxiliary cave construction process and the process of constructing the transporting tunnel.

[0106] In addition, after the construction of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is completed, the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is blocked by performing the cave filling process so that the transportation of the quarried rock is not interrupted by the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200.

[0107] In the cave filling process, a part of the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 is filled, and the cave filling portion 300 is constructed up to the border between the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 and the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, so that the passage of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is prevented from being narrowed.

[0108] In the cave filling process, the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 may be blocked by densely filling rock having a size equal to or more than a predetermined size such that the cave filling portion 300 is constructed, or the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 may be blocked by constructing the cave filling portion 300 with concrete. Furthermore, the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 may be blocked by constructing the cave filling portion 300 by mixing mortar, aggregate, and cement, or the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave 200 may be blocked by variously changing and implementing a known construction structure, so that a detailed description will be omitted.

[0109] In the transporting tunnel construction process S200, the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed such that the inclined angle having a height (h) to a length (L) ratio between 1:0.5 to 1:1.2 is formed.

[0110] When the inclined angle of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is excessively large, i.e., when the inclined angle exceeds the height (h) to the length (L) ratio of 1:1.2, quarried rock rolled and transported has an excessively slow transporting speed. Therefore, when soils are transported, small particles cannot fall freely, so that smooth flow of quarried objects may be blocked.

[0111] For example, when the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed such that the slope has the height (h) to the length (L) ratio of 1:2, quarried rock is difficult to fall freely since an inclination is low, so that the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock cannot perform a function of a tunnel.

[0112] When the inclined angle of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is large, i.e., when the slope has the height (h) to the length (L) ratio equal to or more than 1:0.5, an inefficient operation that requires a lot of inward cutting of the lower end portion (floor) is required to be performed, so that inconvenience occurs.

[0113] In addition, as an example, in the transporting tunnel construction process S200, the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is positioned such that the outlet has a height of 10 m to 20 m from the ground as a clearance height and has a depth of 10 m to 20 m from a surface of the soil layer 11 as a clearance depth.

[0114] That is, in the transporting tunnel construction process S200, the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock is constructed such that the lower end portion of the outlet has a height of 10 m to 20 m from the ground as the clearance height and the upper end portion of the outlet has a depth of 10 m to 20 m from the surface of the soil layer 11.

[0115] In the transporting tunnel construction process S200, the clearance depth and the clearance height are respectively formed at the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the outlet of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, and the clearance height for quarried rock to be piled up on the ground after the quarried rock is discharged from the outlet is secured. Furthermore, from the upper end portion of the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, convenience in transporting the quarried rock piled up on the ground to another place by using a transportation means such as a dump truck may be secured.

[0116] In addition, in the transporting tunnel construction process S200, the tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock in which the plurality of transporting tunnels having the different slopes and connected to each other is provided may be constructed.

[0117] More specifically, in the transporting tunnel construction process S200, the first transporting tunnel 110 which is positioned at the upper portion of the rocky mountain 10 and which has the upper end portion that becomes the inlet by being open to the uppermost portion, the first transporting tunnel 110 having the first slope α, the second transporting tunnel 120 which is positioned at the lower portion of the rocky mountain 10 and which has the lower end portion that becomes the outlet where quarried rock falls to the ground by being open to a side direction of the rocky mountain 10, the second transporting tunnel 120 having the second slope β, and the third transporting tunnel 130 connecting the first transporting tunnel 110 to the second transporting tunnel 120 and having the third slope θ are included. Furthermore, the third slope θ is larger than the first slope α and the second slope β, and the first slope α is larger than the second slope β.

[0118] Accordingly, after the transporting speed of quarried rock is maximized by the third transporting tunnel 130 that has the largest slope, the transporting speed of the quarried rock discharged through the outlet is lowered by the second transporting tunnel 120, so that the quarried rock is discharged at the safe speed when the quarried rock is discharged. Therefore, an accident that may occur when the quarried rock is discharged at the excessive speed may be prevented, and the quarried rock may be stably fall within the predetermined range, so that transporting efficiency and transporting safety of the quarried rock may be secured.

[0119] In the present disclosure, since rock quarried from the rocky mountain 10 naturally falls to the ground through the tunnel positioned to be inclined in the rocky mountain 10, cost and time required for transporting rock quarried from the rocky mountain 10 to the ground are significantly reduced, so that efficiency of quarrying rock may be increased and transporting efficiency of rock may be largely increased.

[0120] In the present disclosure, since rock quarried from the rocky mountain 10 naturally falls to the ground through the tunnel positioned to be inclined in the rocky mountain 10, pollution damage such as noise, vibration, dust, and so on occurring during transporting rock quarried from the rocky mountain 10 to the ground may be minimized, so that conflict with residents living around the rocky mountain 10 may be minimized and the damage to the residents may be minimized.

[0121] In the present disclosure, since the tunnel is branched and discharging positions of rock quarried from the rocky mountain 10 are capable of being selected, transporting efficiency in transporting quarried rock to another place may be largely increased.

[0122] The present disclosure prevents an injury accident in which equipment and workers are injured due to falling rock, an accident in which a dump truck, an excavator, and so on fall down when rock is transported from a rocky mountain are prevented, so that the present disclosure may largely contribute to industrial safety.

[0123] It is to be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the above described embodiments but may be variously modified and embodied within the scope of the following claims.

Examples

Embodiment Construction

[0034]The present disclosure will be described in more detail.

[0035]Hereinbelow, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036]FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating an example not forming part of the scope of the claims of a tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 1, the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure is a tunnel formed in a rocky mountain 10 in which rock is present.

[0037]In addition, an example of the tunnel structure for quarrying according to the present disclosure includes a tunnel portion 100 for transporting rock, the tunnel portion 100 being inclined in the rocky mountain 10 and having both ends open such that rock quarried from a quarry site of the rocky mountain 10 rolls therein and falls freely to the ground.

[0038]For example, the rocky mountain 10 includes a soil layer 11 and a rock layer 12 formed inside the soil laye...

Claims

1. A tunnel structure for quarrying, the tunnel structure comprising: a tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock as a tunnel positioned in a rocky mountain (10) where rock is present, the tunnel portion (100) being positioned to be inclined in the rocky mountain (10), and the tunnel portion (100) being configured such that rock quarried from a quarry site positioned at an upper portion of the rocky mountain (10) rolls and falls freely inside the tunnel portion and the rock falls to the ground, characterized in that the tunnel further comprises: a branch tunnel portion (400) which is branched from the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock and which forms an outlet in a different direction from an outer circumference of the rocky mountain (10); and a tunnel opening and closing portion (500) that opens and closes an inlet of the branch tunnel portion (400) and a passage of the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock connected to the branch tunnel portion (400), wherein the tunnel opening and closing portion (500) comprises: an opening and closing block member (510) configured to block the inlet of the branch tunnel portion (400); and a rectilinearly moving portion (520) configured to open the inlet of the branch tunnel portion (400) and to block the passage of the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock by moving the opening and closing block member (510) in front and rear directions, the tunnel opening and closing portion (500) is positioned at a lower side of the branch tunnel portion (400) from an inlet side of the branch tunnel portion (400), wherein the opening and closing block member (510) comprises: a block main portion (511) connected to the rectilinearly moving portion (520), the block main portion (511) having an upper surface connected to an inner side surface of the branch tunnel portion (400); and an opening and closing protrusion portion (512) that protrudes upward from an end portion of the block main portion (511), thereby blocking the inlet of the branch tunnel portion (400), and the opening and closing protrusion portion (512) is provided with a transportation guiding inclined surface that guides quarried rock to the branch tunnel portion (400) when the passage of the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock is blocked, the quarried rock being transported through the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock.

2. The tunnel structure of claim 1, wherein an outlet of the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock is positioned such that the outlet has a height of 10 m to 20 m from the ground as a clearance height and has a depth of 10 m to 20 m from a surface of a soil layer of the rocky mountain as a clearance depth.

3. The tunnel structure of claim 1, wherein an inclined angle of the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock is formed such that the inclined angle has a height to a length ratio between 1:0.5 to 1:1.2.

4. The tunnel structure of claim 1, further comprising: a tunnel constructing auxiliary cave (200) penetrating a soil layer (11) and a rock layer (12) from a side surface of the rocky mountain (10), the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave (200) being formed by penetrating up to a position where the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock is formed; and a cave filling portion (300) blocking the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock after the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock is constructed.

5. The tunnel structure of claim 1, wherein the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock comprises a plurality of transporting tunnels (100a-100c) having different slopes.

6. The tunnel structure of claim 1, wherein the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock comprises: a first transporting tunnel (110) which is positioned at the upper portion of the rocky mountain (10) and which has an upper end portion that becomes an inlet by being open to a top portion of the rocky mountain (10); a second transporting tunnel (120) which is positioned at a lower portion of the rocky mountain (10) and which has a lower end portion that becomes an outlet where quarried rock falls to the ground by being open to a side direction of the rocky mountain (10); and a third transporting tunnel (130) connecting the first transporting tunnel (110) to the second transporting tunnel (120), the first transporting tunnel (110), the second transporting tunnel (120), and the third transporting tunnel (130) respectively have a first slope (α), a second slope (β), and a third slope (θ) that are different from each other, and the third slope (θ) of the third transporting tunnel (130) is larger than the first slope (α) of the first transporting tunnel (110) and the second slope (β) of the second transporting tunnel (120), and the first slope (α) is larger than the second slope (β).

7. The tunnel structure of claim 6, wherein a step portion (121) which protrudes to an inside of a passage and which reduces a transporting speed of the quarried rock is positioned at a border between the third transporting tunnel (130) and the second transporting tunnel (120).

8. The tunnel structure of claim 1, wherein a passage expanding tapered portion (410) is positioned at the inlet of the branch tunnel portion (400) such that the transportation guiding inclined surface of the opening and closing protrusion portion (512) is in close contact with an upper side of the inlet of the branch tunnel portion (400), and the opening and closing protrusion portion (512) is configured such that a part of an upper end portion of the transportation guiding inclined surface has a shape that is in close contact with the passage expanding tapered portion (410), thereby blocking the inlet of the branch tunnel portion (400).

9. The tunnel structure of claim 1, wherein the rectilinearly moving portion (520) is a hydraulic cylinder (521) disposed such that a piston rod (521b) connected to the opening and closing block member (500) is capable of being rectilinearly moved in a cylinder body (521a), the hydraulic cylinder (521) is provided with a rod protecting portion (530) movably inserted into the cylinder body (521a) and connected to the piston rod (521b), the rod protecting portion (530) being moved integrally with the piston rod (521b), thereby protecting the piston rod (521b), and the rod protecting portion (530) comprises: a protective cover member (531) formed in a shape covering the piston rod (521b); and a cover connection member (532) connecting the protective cover member (531) and the piston rod (521b).

10. A quarrying method using a tunnel structure for quarrying, the quarrying method comprising: a quarry site basing process (S100) in which a quarry site of rock capable of quarrying rock from a top portion of a rocky mountain (10) is arranged; a transporting tunnel construction process (S200) which is performed after the quarry site basing process (S100) and in which a tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock is constructed, the tunnel portion (100) being inclined in the rocky mountain (10), the tunnel portion (100) having an upper end portion open to an upper surface of the quarry site and having a lower end portion open to a side surface from a lower portion of the rocky mountain, and the tunnel portion (100) being configured such that rock quarried from the quarry site rolls and falls freely in an inner portion of the tunnel portion (100); a rock quarrying process (S300) in which rock is quarried from the quarry site by using a heavy machinery; and a rock transporting process (S400) in which rock quarried from the rock quarrying process is loaded into an inlet of the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock and falls freely through the tunnel portion for transporting rock, thereby discharging rock to an outlet of the tunnel portion for transporting rock, characterized in that the transporting tunnel construction process (S200) is performed so as to further comprise a branch tunnel portion (400) which is branched from the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock and which forms an outlet in a different direction from an outer circumference of the rocky mountain (10); and a tunnel opening and closing portion (500) that opens and closes an inlet of the branch tunnel portion (400) and a passage of the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock connected to the branch tunnel portion (400), wherein the tunnel opening and closing portion (500) comprises: an opening and closing block member (510) configured to block the inlet of the branch tunnel portion (400); and a rectilinearly moving portion (520) configured to open the inlet of the branch tunnel portion (400) and to block the passage of the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock by moving the opening and closing block member (510) in front and rear directions, the tunnel opening and closing portion (500) is positioned at a lower side of the branch tunnel portion (400) from an inlet side of the branch tunnel portion (400), wherein the opening and closing block member (510) comprises: a block main portion (511) connected to the rectilinearly moving portion (520), the block main portion (511) having an upper surface connected to an inner side surface of the branch tunnel portion (400); and an opening and closing protrusion portion (512) that protrudes upward from an end portion of the block main portion (511), thereby blocking the inlet of the branch tunnel portion (400), and the opening and closing protrusion portion (512) is provided with a transportation guiding inclined surface that guides quarried rock to the branch tunnel portion (400) when the passage of the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock is blocked, the quarried rock being transported through the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock.

11. The quarrying method of claim 10, wherein the transporting tunnel construction process comprises: an auxiliary cave construction process in which a tunnel constructing auxiliary cave (200) is formed up to a position where the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock is formed by penetrating a soil layer (11) and a rock layer (12) of the rocky mountain (10) from the side surface of the rocky mountain; a process of constructing a transporting tunnel performed such that a part or an entire of the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock is constructed after the auxiliary cave construction process is performed; and a cave filling process performed such that the tunnel constructing auxiliary cave (200) is blocked after the process of constructing the transporting tunnel is performed.

12. The quarrying method of claim 11, wherein, in the transporting tunnel construction process (S200), the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock is constructed such that an inclined angle has a height to a length ratio between 1:0.5 to 1:1.2.

13. The quarrying method of claim 11, wherein, in the transporting tunnel construction process (S200), the tunnel portion (100) for transporting rock is constructed such that a lower end portion of the outlet of the tunnel portion for transporting rock has a height of 10 m to 20 m from a ground as a clearance height and an upper end portion of the outlet has a depth of 10 m to 20 m from a surface of a soil layer.

14. The quarrying method of claim 11, wherein the transporting tunnel construction process (S200) is performed so as to comprise a first transporting tunnel (110) which is positioned at an upper portion of the rocky mountain (10) and which has an upper end portion that becomes the inlet by being open to the top portion of the rocky mountain (10), the first transporting tunnel (110) having a first slope (α) as an inclined angle thereof, a second transporting tunnel (120) which is positioned at the lower portion of the rocky mountain (10) and which has a lower end portion that becomes the outlet where quarried rock falls to the ground by being open to a side direction of the rocky mountain (10), the second transporting tunnel (120) having a second slope (β) as an inclined angle thereof, and a third transporting tunnel (130) connecting the first transporting tunnel (110) to the second transporting tunnel (120), the third transporting tunnel (130) having a third slope (θ) as an inclined angle thereof, and the third slope (θ) is larger than the first slope (α) and the second slope (β), and the first slope (α) is larger than the second slope (β).

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