Multifunctional nozzle for a spinning machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a multifunctional nozzle for a spinning machine, said nozzle being used to produce at least one improved real twist yarn. The multifunctional nozzle additionally facilitates the production of a real twist yarn with which the advantages of an open-end yarn can be at least partly combined with those of a ring yarn. For this purpose, the multifunctional nozzle comprises a nozzle channel which is provided in a nozzle housing, is open on one side, and in which a vortex flow can be generated. Furthermore, a nozzle body which is designed to be shorter than the nozzle channel is provided with a through-channel for the passage of a thread or fiber band, wherein an annular gap with at least one narrow point is formed within the nozzle channel, said annular gap tapering on both sides at the narrow point. The narrow point is arranged downstream of a fluid inlet which leads to the nozzle channel. Furthermore, a hollow body-type flow conducting body is provided between the annular gap and the open end of the nozzle channel for guiding the thread or fiber band together with a fluid, said annular gap being formed between the nozzle body and the nozzle housing and / or the flow conducting body.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a multifunctional nozzle for a spinning machine, which can be used for a spinning device and a spinning process as well as for fiber material compaction.

[0002] Various spinning machine types with corresponding spinning devices, spinning processes, and compacting devices are well known in the art. For example, ring spinning processes on ring spinning machines, particularly using a compacting device, produce compacted or densified threads. Due to their true twist, these threads exhibit high strength, high elongation, high uniformity, and high hairiness, and cover a wide range of gauges. However, due to physical limitations, they can only be produced at low spinning speeds. These physical limitations are based on the limitation of the balloon forces, the limitation of the ring-traveler system, and the limitation of the yarn strength.

[0003] Another well-known spinning process is the rotor spinning process on rotor spinning machines, which is based on the open-end principle (OE principle). In the OE principle, fibers previously separated during fiber dissolution collect at an open thread end provided in the spinning rotor and are tied into the open thread end during the rotation imparted by the spinning rotor. Threads produced in this way, also known as rotor yarns, have better uniformity and less hairiness than ring yarns, i.e., threads produced using the ring spinning process, and require lower manufacturing costs. However, they exhibit lower yarn strength and flexural rigidity. Due to the process, so-called belly bands and wrap-around fibers occur in rotor yarns. Although these fibers give the rotor yarn a characteristic appearance and feel, they are not desirable for all textile applications.In particular, the number of belly bands influences the yarn quality in terms of strength, flexural rigidity, and feel. The number of belly bands generally increases with both higher spinning rotor speeds and a reduction in spinning rotor diameters. Compared to ring-spun yarns, rotor-spun yarns can also only cover a limited yarn count range.

[0004] The also known single-jet air-jet spinning process is a true-wire air-jet spinning process in which a fiber sliver, previously drawn in a drafting device and consisting of predominantly parallel fibers, is air-spun into a yarn-forming element by means of a vortex air flow generated in an air-jet spinneret. In the air-jet spinning process, individual fibers are spirally wound around a yarn core in the spinneret using the vortex air flow. These fibers are medium to long. Short fibers, on the other hand, are usually blown out and cannot be reliably processed.The yarn produced in this way has lower yarn strength and uniformity than ring yarns and, like rotor yarn, can only cover a limited yarn count range, but has lower hairiness and can be produced at lower manufacturing costs and at higher spinning speeds than with the ring spinning process.

[0005] From document DE 39 13 215 A1, a nozzle for a spinning machine is known, which comprises a pressurizable nozzle housing with a nozzle channel extending along the longitudinal axis of the nozzle housing. The nozzle channel is open on one side along the longitudinal axis. Furthermore, the nozzle comprises a fluid inlet for admitting a pressurized fluid into the nozzle channel to create a swirling fluid flow within the nozzle channel, a nozzle body for arrangement in the nozzle channel, wherein the nozzle body is shorter than the nozzle channel along the longitudinal axis and has a through-channel extending along the longitudinal axis for passing a fiber sliver, an annular gap extending in the nozzle channel along the longitudinal axis, a boundary part for closing the nozzle housing, wherein the boundary part has a further through-channel for the fiber sliver extending along the longitudinal axis for communication with the through-channel of the nozzle body, and a hollow body-like flow guide body for fluid-accompanying guidance of the thread produced from the fiber sliver by means of the swirling air flow between the annular gap and the open end of the nozzle channel,wherein the annular gap is formed between the nozzle body and the nozzle housing and / or the flow guide body.

[0006] Document DE 23 04 190 A1 discloses a fiber transport and spinning device comprising a pressurizable nozzle housing with a nozzle channel extending along the longitudinal axis of the nozzle housing. The nozzle channel has an end opening for the inlet of a pressurizable fluid into the nozzle channel to effect laminar flow and is open at the opposite end along the longitudinal axis. A nozzle body is arranged in the nozzle channel, wherein the nozzle body is longer than the nozzle channel along the longitudinal axis and has a through-channel extending along the longitudinal axis for passing separated fibers. An annular gap is formed between the nozzle body and the nozzle channel, which extends in the nozzle channel along the longitudinal axis and tapers towards the end of the nozzle body.

[0007] What the yarns produced using different spinning processes have in common is that, taking into account the yarn parameters, manufacturing costs and productivity, they each have specific advantages while accepting specific disadvantages.

[0008] The present invention is intended to provide a way to produce at least one alternative, in particular improved, true-twisted yarn for a broad range of applications, which, more preferably, can operate without a core of untwisted, in particular parallel fibers. Furthermore, the provided possibility is intended to create a yarn in which the advantages of an open-end yarn can be at least partially combined with those of a ring-spun yarn.

[0009] The present invention proposes a multifunctional nozzle for a spinning machine, which comprises a pressurizable nozzle housing having a nozzle channel extending along the longitudinal axis of the nozzle housing and open on one side along the longitudinal axis. The nozzle channel can be closed on the side facing away from the open side by a means or by the nozzle housing itself, in each case forming a through-channel connecting the nozzle channel to the environment, as explained in more detail below.

[0010] For the purposes of the present invention, a longitudinal axis direction is understood to mean the direction of a component, a unit, a device or a device which has a greater physical extension length than an axis orthogonal thereto.

[0011] The nozzle housing is a geometric hollow body whose cavity forms the nozzle channel. The nozzle housing can preferably have a circular, rectangular, polygonal, or oval cross-section orthogonal to its longitudinal axis and be made of a metal-containing, plastic-containing, or ceramic material, or a combination of these or other materials, such as quartz sand. The wall of the nozzle housing has a thickness and / or material composition such that it can withstand the sustained pressurization with a fluid required for the operation of the multifunctional nozzle.

[0012] Furthermore, the multifunctional nozzle has a fluid inlet through which a pressurized fluid can be admitted into the nozzle channel to create a swirling fluid flow within the nozzle channel. The fluid inlet is preferably formed on the nozzle housing with an opening leading into the nozzle channel. Alternatively or additionally, a fluid inlet can be implemented in a component separate from the nozzle housing for admitting the fluid into the nozzle channel. The component can be inserted, for example, via an opening in the nozzle housing into the nozzle housing and, if appropriate, into the nozzle channel.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, the fluid inlet is arranged within a pressure chamber of a pre-chamber housing for the fluid supply. The pre-chamber housing can be arranged on the nozzle housing to keep the design simple and compact. The pre-chamber housing can further preferably extend circumferentially around the nozzle housing, which is particularly advantageous if more than one fluid inlet is provided in order to supply this number of fluid inlets with the pressurized fluid simultaneously via the pressure chamber. For example, the pre-chamber housing with the pressure chamber can extend partially or completely around the nozzle housing in a ring-like manner.

[0014] The fluid inlet is designed to generate a vortex fluid flow in the through-channel. For this purpose, the fluid inlet can preferably have at least one fluid inlet opening with an opening axis that points in a circumferential direction of the nozzle channel, in particular tangentially thereto. In a preferred alternative or additional manner, the fluid inlet has two or more than two fluid inlet openings leading into the nozzle channel, distributed circumferentially around the nozzle channel, which open into the nozzle channel to generate the vortex fluid flow. Further preferably, the fluid inlet openings are arranged in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis direction and, particularly preferably, admit the pressurized fluid tangentially to the nozzle channel.A tangentially oriented orifice axis of at least one fluid inlet orifice may further preferably point in a direction facing the open end of the nozzle channel, including an angle of greater than 0° and less than 90° with the orthogonal plane, whereby an improved vortex fluid flow with reduced turbulence flows can be generated.

[0015] The fluid is preferably a gaseous fluid, more preferably air such as ambient air, or a mixture of at least two gaseous fluids. A mixture of a gaseous and a liquid fluid is also conceivable. Such a mixture is particularly suitable for a predetermined treatment of the thread or fiber sliver and / or the surfaces of the multi-function nozzle that contact the thread or fiber sliver, for example, to reduce deposits or finishes on these surfaces.

[0016] The multifunctional nozzle further comprises a nozzle body for placement in the nozzle channel. The nozzle body is designed to be arranged in the nozzle channel, in particular in a replaceable manner. The nozzle body has an external shape such that it can be formed in the nozzle channel with the nozzle housing, arranged in the nozzle channel, and / or inserted into it.

[0017] The nozzle body comprises a passage extending along the longitudinal axis for the passage of a thread or fiber sliver. The cross-section of the passage is adapted to the cross-section of the thread or fiber sliver to be passed through, allowing the thread or fiber sliver to be passed through the nozzle body. Preferably, the inner diameter of the passage is adapted to the outer diameter of the thread or fiber sliver to be passed through, enlarged by at least 3% and at most 25%, in order to ensure efficient and, in particular, unhindered passage of the thread or fiber sliver.

[0018] The nozzle body is designed to be shorter than the nozzle channel along the longitudinal axis direction in order to be able to guide the admitted pressurized fluid in the nozzle channel past a free end of the nozzle body, whereby a suction flow can be generated in the through-channel.

[0019] The multifunctional nozzle is further provided with an annular gap extending in the nozzle channel along the longitudinal axis with at least one constriction, to which the annular gap tapers on both sides along the longitudinal axis, wherein the constriction is formed downstream of the fluid inlet along the longitudinal axis. The annular gap can preferably have a single or multiple nozzle-like cross-sectional shape along the longitudinal axis, through which a constriction is formed. For the purposes of the present invention, a nozzle-like cross-sectional shape is understood to mean a shape that has a converging cross-section down to a narrowest cross-section along a longitudinal axis.

[0020] According to a further preferred embodiment, the annular gap is cross-sectionally composed of a combination of a nozzle-like and a diffuser-like cross-sectional shape, with the constriction between the nozzle-like and the diffuser-like cross-section. For the purposes of the present invention, a diffuser-like cross-sectional shape is understood to mean a shape that has a diverging cross-section along a longitudinal axis following a constriction. Preferably, the nozzle- and / or diffuser-like cross-sectional shape is symmetrical to one of its central axes. Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape is preferably similar to a Laval nozzle, by means of which a supersonic flow can be achieved in the diverging part.

[0021] The multifunctional nozzle also has a limiting part, which is particularly replaceable, for closing the nozzle housing on one side along the longitudinal axis and thus limiting the nozzle channel on one side along the longitudinal axis. The limiting part is provided to close the nozzle channel away from the constriction, more preferably adjacent to the fluid inlet. The limiting part has a further through-channel for the thread or fiber sliver, running along the longitudinal axis, for communication with the through-channel of the nozzle body. The further through-channel can, in particular, have a design as described above with regard to the through-channel.Furthermore, the further through-channel and the through-channel are preferably arranged coaxially along the longitudinal axis direction, more preferably with an identical cross-sectional shape. Preferably, the limiting part forms a component of the nozzle body or a component separate from the nozzle body, which further preferably is formed integrally with the nozzle housing or alternatively is preferably a component separate from the nozzle body and nozzle housing, and on which the nozzle body is or can be arranged in particular in such a way that the further through-channel directly merges into the through-channel and, particularly preferably, supports the nozzle body by means of a material, force-fitting or positive connection. Alternatively, a connecting channel for connecting the further through-channel to the through-channel can preferably be arranged between the further through-channel and the through-channel.In a particularly preferred manner, the nozzle body can be supported in the nozzle channel by the connecting channel or by means of retaining webs connecting the nozzle body to the nozzle housing.

[0022] The multifunctional nozzle further comprises a hollow-body-like flow guide for fluid-accompanying guidance of the thread or fiber sliver between the annular gap and the open end of the nozzle channel. The flow guide can preferably be formed by a wall of the nozzle housing or alternatively or additionally by another hollow body. A fixed end of such another hollow-body-like flow guide is preferably coupled to the nozzle housing, wherein the coupling point of the fixed end on the nozzle housing is spaced from the open, longitudinal end of the nozzle channel. The coupling can be implemented in a variety of ways and as required. For example, the coupling can be implemented via a material-to-material connection between the nozzle housing and the flow guide, such as an adhesive bond.Alternatively or additionally, the fixed end can be latched, screwed, clamped, or otherwise coupled to the nozzle housing in a force-fitting and / or positive-locking manner. For example, the fixed end of the flow guide body can be designed to be resiliently deformable with a locking means such as a locking receptacle and / or a locking projection, which is designed to lock with an associated counter-locking means on the wall of the nozzle housing within the nozzle channel. Thus, the fixed end of the flow guide body could be inserted into the nozzle channel with a spring-elastic preload and pushed up to the counter-locking means while maintaining the spring-elastic preload, which is at least partially released at the location of the counter-locking means so that locking can occur.

[0023] Such a preferred further flow guide body has, in addition to its fixed end, a free end, which is arranged on the side of the fixed end facing away from the delimiting part and has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the nozzle housing at the location of the first constriction or smaller than the outer diameter of the first constriction. Due to the formation of at least one terminating sub-segment of the nozzle channel, the free end of the further flow guide body simultaneously defines and delimits the open end of the nozzle channel.

[0024] The flow guide body can, in particular, have a cross-sectional shape as described above for the nozzle housing and, for example, be formed from a material as described above for the nozzle housing. Particularly preferably, the flow guide body has a segment with a nozzle- and diffuser-like cross-sectional shape, more preferably with a Laval nozzle-like cross-sectional shape, wherein the segment extends between the annular gap and the open end of the nozzle channel.

[0025] The annular gap is formed between the nozzle body and the nozzle housing and / or between the nozzle body and the flow guide body. The annular gap is thus defined by a free space or gap formed between the outer side of the nozzle body and an inner side of the nozzle housing or an inner side of the flow guide body. The gap width, i.e. the straight-line distance lying in a cross-sectional plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis between the outer side of the nozzle body and the inner side of the nozzle housing or the flow guide body, decreases according to the nozzle-like cross-sectional shape up to the constriction, in particular continuously or intermittently, and then increases again, in particular continuously or intermittently. The interval spacing can preferably be selected as required.The nozzle body can furthermore preferably have a candle flame-like cross-sectional shape in a sectional plane running through the central longitudinal axis of its passage, more preferably symmetrical to the central longitudinal axis, in particular rotationally symmetrical.

[0026] According to a further preferred embodiment, the annular gap has a second constriction along the longitudinal axis, following the constriction defining a first constriction, at the level of the free end or at the free end of the nozzle body in the nozzle housing or within the flow guide body. This allows a further increase in the flow velocity in the annular gap segment converging toward the second constriction, in order to achieve a defined suction flow effect in the passageway of the nozzle body.

[0027] The multifunctional nozzle according to the present invention enables the generation of a vortex fluid flow which propagates spirally around the nozzle body in the annular gap along the longitudinal axis direction and, when the annular gap end is exceeded at the free end of the nozzle body, acts on the thread or fiber sliver passed through by the nozzle body in such a way that the thread or fiber sliver can be subjected to a rotation about its longitudinal axis along the longitudinal axis direction.

[0028] According to a preferred embodiment, the multifunctional nozzle has a fiber feed for feeding isolated fibers, wherein the fiber feed comprises a fiber inlet and a fiber channel communicating therewith and arranged downstream in the fiber transport direction.

[0029] Furthermore, the multifunctional nozzle comprises a spinning chamber, which is arranged downstream of the flow guide body in the longitudinal axis direction, wherein the flow guide body and the fiber channel open into the spinning chamber along the longitudinal axis direction. Separate from the opening of the flow guide body and the fiber channel, the spinning chamber has a fiber outlet for discharging excess fibers, wherein the fiber outlet can be coupled to a vacuum source.

[0030] According to this preferred embodiment, the multifunctional nozzle forms an alternative spinning device by means of which a true twisted thread can be produced without an untwisted core consisting of parallel fibers. For this purpose, according to a preferred embodiment, a pressurized fluid is admitted into the nozzle channel or the annular gap via the fluid inlet, which is forced in the direction of the spinning chamber due to the one-sided closure of the nozzle channel by means of the limiting part. The specific design of the fluid inlet causes a vortex fluid flow within the nozzle channel or the annular gap. The pressurized fluid is therefore forced in a spiral shape around the nozzle body in the direction of the spinning chamber. The cross-sectional change in the annular gap, which is particularly similar to a Laval nozzle, causes an axially accelerated vortex fluid flow up to the free end of the nozzle body orup to an annular gap outlet at the level of the free end of the nozzle body. The circulating flow or the vortex fluid flow creates a negative pressure or a suction flow at the outlet of the through-channel, with the help of which a yarn end introduced into the through-channel can be conveyed into the area of ​​the nozzle channel delimited by the flow guide body. Due to the vortex fluid flow, the yarn end undergoes a rotational movement around its longitudinal axis and around the longitudinal axis of the through-channel and the flow guide body. The fiber outlet of the spinning chamber is preferably subjected to negative pressure in order to further preferably support the conveyance of the rotating yarn end into the spinning chamber. The vortex fluid flow prevailing in the flow guide body and reaching into the spinning chamber causes a negative pressure or a further suction flow in the fiber feed or in the fiber channel and the fiber inlet.This suction flow is preferably further enhanced by the negative pressure applied to the spinning chamber. This allows separated, isolated fibers, for example, to be drawn into the fiber channel via the fiber feeder, for example, by a separating unit known from the open-end rotor spinning process, through the fiber inlet and into the spinning chamber. The separated fibers come into contact with the rotating thread end in the spinning chamber, causing the separated fibers to be deposited and bound to the rotating open thread end. Excess separated fibers can be blown out through the fiber outlet or sucked out of the spinning chamber via the negative pressure applied at the fiber outlet, thus preventing clogging of the spinning chamber.The thread is further preferably drawn off from the multi-function nozzle by means of a thread draw-off device with a defined draw-off speed in the course of the continuous deposition and integration of the isolated fibers at the thread end during the spinning process, counter to the insertion direction.

[0031] The multifunctional nozzle according to this preferred embodiment utilizes the OE principle, according to which individual fibers are attached and bound to an open thread end to form the thread, to produce an air-spun thread that has a true twist and no untwisted parallel fibers. In contrast to the open-end rotor spinning process, in which the attachment and binding of the individual fibers takes place by means of a rotating spinning rotor, the multifunctional nozzle according to this preferred embodiment is based on the principle of ring-flow spinning, in which the attachment and binding of the individual fibers to the thread end to form the thread takes place exclusively via the generated ring flow by generating a ring flow, i.e., a vortex fluid flow as described above.A thread produced in this way also has the advantage of being almost completely free of bothersome belly bands and / or wrapping fibers. The yarn produced in this way is suitable for a wider range of applications than rotor-spun yarn. Furthermore, the thread can be produced at a higher spinning speed than with ring spinning.

[0032] As a result, the present invention can provide a true twisted yarn combining at least some advantages of a rotor yarn with some of a ring yarn.

[0033] According to a preferred embodiment, the physical extension length of the spinning chamber along the longitudinal axis is matched to the fiber length of the fibers to be processed. Further preferably, the spinning chamber is formed by the nozzle housing or by a spinning chamber housing, which can be exchanged with the nozzle housing, i.e., can be coupled and decoupled non-destructively. The exchangeable coupling of the spinning chamber with the multifunctional nozzle enables simple adaptation of the multifunctional nozzle to different fiber lengths to be processed to produce the defined air-spun true-twisted thread. Thus, depending on the fiber length to be processed, a spinning chamber matched to this fiber length can be coupled to the multifunctional nozzle.

[0034] According to a further preferred embodiment, the flow guide body forms a dividing wall between the nozzle channel and the fiber channel. In other words, the fiber channel is preferably formed on a side of the flow guide body facing away from the nozzle channel. The fiber channel can further preferably be formed radially on the inside by the flow guide body and radially on the outside by a wall of the nozzle housing formed at a distance from the flow guide body, wherein this wall extends in a defined manner in the longitudinal axis direction, in particular starting from the fixed end of the flow guide body together with the flow guide body to form the fiber channel. Particularly preferably, the radially outwardly delimiting wall projects beyond the flow guide body in the direction of the spinning chamber and is further preferably designed as a coupling element for the replaceable coupling of the spinning chamber housing to the nozzle housing.The multifunctional nozzle can thus be designed to be simpler and more compact.

[0035] Preferably, the spinning chamber has a cross-sectional shape similar to a single or multiple Laval nozzle along its longitudinal axis. This can favorably support the suction flow effect for sucking the separated fibers and the yarn end into the spinning chamber.

[0036] Furthermore, the spinning chamber can preferably be configured as a flexible, tubular structure. This allows the spinning chamber to be easily and replaceably coupled to the nozzle housing, for example, by fitting it over the housing. Furthermore, the spinning chamber can be manufactured cost-effectively.

[0037] Preferably, the spinning chamber can have a cross-sectional shape similar to the interior of a rotor cup along the longitudinal axis, with an inner diameter along which the openings of the flow guide body, the fiber channel, and the fiber outlet are arranged for communication with the spinning chamber, wherein the openings can be arranged on the same or different sides. This allows previously known rotor cup geometries to be used cost-effectively. Further preferably, the opening of the flow guide body is arranged radially inward along the inner diameter with a circular cross-section, the opening of the fiber outlet is arranged radially outward with an annular gap-like cross-section surrounding the opening of the flow guide body, and the opening of the fiber channel is arranged in the radial direction in between, either with a circular cross-section or with an annular gap-like cross-section surrounding the opening of the flow guide body.The spinning chamber can thus be designed simply and compactly.

[0038] In a further alternative manner, the multifunctional nozzle according to a preferred embodiment can be used as a spinning device at a workstation of a spinning machine for spinning a true-twisted thread, in particular in a ring spinning machine. The workstation has a conventional drafting device for the defined drafting of a fiber sliver fed to the drafting device and a drivable spindle for rotatably supporting an empty tube, wherein the spindle with the empty tube is rotatably carried by a spindle bank which is designed to execute a reciprocating lifting movement along the rotational axis of the spindle or of the empty tube while carrying the spindle with the empty tube. Furthermore, the workstation comprises a stationary limiting sleeve with a hollow space in which the empty tube carried by the spindle is at least partially received in an upward end position of the lifting movement.The multi-function nozzle acts as a spinning device, positioned along the fiber sliver transport direction between the drafting system and the limiting sleeve. The defined-drawn fiber sliver coming from the drafting system is received by the multi-function nozzle, passed through the passages of the limiting part and the nozzle body, and spun into a thread in the area of ​​the flow guide body by means of the adjacent vortex fluid flow. This thread is then discharged from the flow guide body in the direction of the spindle by the vortex fluid flow, accompanied by transfer into the cavity of the limiting sleeve. To wind the empty tube, the spindle rotates, particularly in the same direction as the vortex fluid flow acting in the multi-function nozzle, and is moved back and forth relative to the limiting sleeve in a defined manner by means of the stroke movement, in order to carry out a defined winding of the empty tube along its longitudinal axis in the winding area.The unidirectional rotation promotes precise yarn placement in the winding area of ​​the empty tube, or rather, the winding of the empty tube along its longitudinal axis. With regard to the preferred design of the workstation of a ring spinning machine, the multifunctional nozzle in conjunction with the limiting tube advantageously replaces the conventional ring traveler system. This replacement eliminates the physical limitations of the ring traveler system, thus enabling the production of a true-twisted yarn at a higher spinning speed and the winding of the empty tube more quickly, thus also increasing productivity.

[0039] The rotation generated by the multi-function nozzle, particularly acting on a fiber sliver passing through it, furthermore enables, according to a further preferred embodiment, a compaction of the fiber material passing through it. Thus, according to a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the multi-function nozzle can be arranged in a fiber sliver path in the fiber sliver transport direction upstream of a roller pair of a drafting device, in particular a drafting device for a ring spinning machine, air-jet spinning machine, or flyer machine. The drafting device has at least two pairs of rollers drivable at mutually different rotational speeds for drafting the fiber sliver passed over the pairs of rollers, whereby a drafting zone is defined between these pairs of rollers during operation of the drafting device.The fiber sliver passing through the multifunctional nozzle experiences a false twist, particularly under the influence of drafting when arranged between the two roller pairs during operation of the drafting system. This false twist develops between the clamping areas of the roller pairs in the fiber sliver transport direction and becomes increasingly stronger in the fiber sliver transport direction. The fiber sliver composite can be reliably compacted by the applied twist, as any protruding edge fibers can be easily incorporated into the fiber sliver composite, and the fiber sliver composite undergoes efficient narrowing or compaction along its width direction.

[0040] The present invention therefore provides a means suitable for different textile machine types, in particular for different spinning machine types, by means of which, depending on the type of use, yarn parameters such as hairiness, strength, stiffness, and feel can be favorably influenced, and yarn structures with the advantages of an open-end spun yarn can be combined with those of a ring-spun yarn. According to a preferred embodiment, for further structural simplification, the multifunctional nozzle or individual components thereof, the spinning chamber, and / or the limiting sleeve can be designed to be rotationally symmetrical with respect to their central axis running along the longitudinal axis.

[0041] The applications of the multifunctional nozzle described above are exemplary. The multifunctional nozzle can be used in particular in other textile machine types, such as a carding machine, a draw frame, or a roving frame, and in particular in combination with their respective drafting devices in a manner as described above by way of example.

[0042] Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments, with reference to the figures and drawings, which illustrate details essential to the invention, and from the patent claims. The individual features can be implemented individually or in combination in a preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0043] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

[0044] They show: Fig. 1 is a sectional view in a schematic representation of a multifunctional nozzle according to a first embodiment, Fig. 2 is a sectional view in a schematic representation of a multifunctional nozzle according to a second embodiment, Fig. 3 is a sectional view in a schematic representation of the multifunctional nozzle according to one of the Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown embodiments along the section line AA, Fig. 4 a sectional view in a schematic representation of an open-end spinning device with a multifunctional nozzle according to a third embodiment, Fig. 5 a sectional view in a schematic representation of a spinning chamber according to an embodiment for an open-end spinning device with a multifunctional nozzle according to a third embodiment, Fig. 6 a sectional view in a schematic representation of a spinning device with a Figure 2shown multifunctional nozzle, and Fig. 7 a sectional view in schematic representation of a drafting device with a Figure 1 multifunctional nozzle shown.

[0045] In the following description of exemplary embodiments, the same or similar reference numerals are used for the elements shown in the various figures and having a similar effect, whereby a repeated description of these elements is omitted.

[0046] Figure 1shows a schematic sectional view of a multifunctional nozzle 100 according to a first exemplary embodiment. The multifunctional nozzle 100 has a pressurizable nozzle housing 2, which comprises a nozzle channel 2A extending along the longitudinal axis direction A of the nozzle housing 2 and which is open on one side along the longitudinal axis direction A. The nozzle housing 2 is a geometric hollow body, the cavity of which forms the nozzle channel 2A. According to this exemplary embodiment, the nozzle housing 2 is formed from a plastic-containing material with a circular cross-section orthogonal to its longitudinal axis direction A. The wall 2B of the nozzle housing 2 has such a thickness and material composition that it can withstand prolonged pressurization with compressed air.

[0047] The nozzle housing 2 is provided with a compressed air inlet 13 designed as a fluid inlet for generating a swirling air flow in the nozzle channel 2A, wherein the compressed air inlet 13 extends over the wall 2B with a fluid inlet opening in the nozzle channel 2A. The compressed air inlet 13 is arranged within a compressed air chamber 17 of a pre-chamber housing 14 for the compressed air supply. The pre-chamber housing 14 is arranged on the nozzle housing 2 and can be coupled to a compressed air source via a further compressed air inlet 3. As is particularly evident with Figure 3According to a preferred embodiment, the pre-chamber housing 14 with the compressed air chamber 17 extends in a ring-like manner completely around the nozzle housing 2 in order to be able to supply a plurality of compressed air inlets 13 with compressed air simultaneously via the likewise ring-shaped compressed air chamber 17. According to this embodiment, a total of four compressed air inlets 13 are formed on the nozzle housing 2, which are arranged evenly distributed around the circumference. Each of the four compressed air inlets 13 has fluid inlet openings that are arranged in an orthogonal plane ( Figure 3, section plane AA) to the longitudinal axis direction A are arranged with their orifice axis C such that the compressed air can be admitted tangentially to the nozzle channel 2A. The tangentially aligned orifice axis C further points in a direction facing the open end of the nozzle channel 2A, including an angle of greater than 0° and less than 90° with the orthogonal plane, whereby an improved vortex air flow with reduced turbulence flows can be generated.

[0048] A nozzle body 1 is replaceably inserted into the nozzle channel 2A, which nozzle body has a through-channel 15 extending along the longitudinal axis direction A for the passage of a thread F or fiber sliver FB. The cross-section of the through-channel 15 is suitably adapted to the cross-section of the thread F or fiber sliver FB to be passed through, so as to be able to pass the thread F or fiber sliver FB through the nozzle body 1. According to this exemplary embodiment, the inner diameter of the through-channel 15 is cross-sectionally adapted to the outer diameter of the thread F or fiber sliver FB to be passed through, enlarged by at least 3% and at most 25%, in order to be able to ensure efficient and, in particular, unhindered passage of the thread F or fiber sliver FB.

[0049] The nozzle body 1 is shorter than the nozzle channel 2A along the longitudinal axis direction A, whereby the admitted compressed air can be guided past a free end of the nozzle body 1 in the nozzle housing 2 in order to be able to generate a suction flow in the through-channel 15.

[0050] The nozzle body 1 has at one end a limiting part 1A for axially closing the nozzle housing 2 on one side and thus axially limiting the nozzle channel 2A on one side in order to close the nozzle channel 2A away from the fluid inlet / compressed air inlet 13. According to this exemplary embodiment, the limiting part 1A is formed integrally with the nozzle body 1. The limiting part 1A has a further through-channel 1B running along the longitudinal axis direction A for the thread F or the fiber sliver FB for communication with the through-channel 15 of the nozzle body 1. The further through-channel 1B and the through-channel 15 are arranged coaxially along the longitudinal axis direction A with an identical cross-sectional shape.

[0051] According to an embodiment not shown, the limiting part 1A can be designed as a separate component, wherein it can be arranged directly on the nozzle body 1 in such a way that the further through-channel 1B merges directly into the through-channel 15 and supports the nozzle body 1 in particular by means of a material, force-fitting or form-fitting connection.

[0052] Away from the boundary part 1A, the nozzle body 1 forms an intermediate annular gap 18 with the wall 2B of the nozzle housing 2 over the extended length of the nozzle body 1. The annular gap 18 extends in the nozzle channel 2A along the longitudinal axis direction A with a first constriction 19, to which the annular gap 18 tapers on both sides along the longitudinal axis direction A and which is formed downstream of the compressed air inlet 13 in the longitudinal axis direction A, and with a second constriction 20 at the level of the free end of the nozzle body 1. According to this exemplary embodiment, the annular gap 18 forms a nozzle up to the respective first 19 and second constriction 20 and a diffuser from the first constriction 19. In the area of ​​the compressed air inlet 13, a flow chamber 5 is formed in the annular gap 18, from which a compressed air flow propagates in the direction of the first constriction 19 after the compressed air has been admitted via the compressed air inlet 13.

[0053] In the longitudinal axis direction A, a hollow body-like flow guide body 7 for fluid-accompanying guidance of the thread F or fiber sliver FB between the annular gap 18 and the open end of the nozzle channel 2A is arranged downstream of the nozzle body 1, wherein the flow guide body 7 forms a rotation chamber 6 downstream of the nozzle body 1. In this embodiment, the flow guide body 7 is formed by the nozzle housing 2. Figure 2 shows a multifunctional nozzle 200 according to a further embodiment, which differs from the one described above with reference to Figure 1 described embodiment by the design of the flow guide body 7. In the case of Figure 2In the embodiment shown, the flow guide body 7 is designed as a separate component which is coupled to the nozzle housing 2 in the nozzle channel 2A. For this purpose, a fixed end 7A is fixed in the nozzle channel 2A on the inside of the wall 2B of the nozzle housing 2. The flow guide body 7 extends from the fixed end 7A to a free end 7B, which in both embodiments simultaneously defines the open end of the nozzle channel 2A. The flow guide body 7 according to both embodiments is shaped in a cross-section similar to a Laval nozzle along the longitudinal axis direction A.

[0054] By means of the multifunctional nozzle 100, 200 according to the previously described embodiments, a vortex air flow W can be generated after admitting a pressurized fluid, in particular compressed air. After admitting the compressed air via the compressed air inlet 13, a flow circulating the nozzle body 1 is generated in the flow chamber 5, which flow is directed in the direction of the first constriction 19, circumferentially surrounding the nozzle body 1 due to the prevailing overpressure and the limiting part 1A. According to the principle of a nozzle, the vortex air flow W is accelerated past the first constriction 19 and the second constriction 20. At the free end of the nozzle body 1, the accelerated vortex air flow W generates a negative pressure in the through-channel 15. By means of the negative pressure, a suction flow is effected in the through-channel 15, which is suitable for inserting and drawing in a thread F or fiber sliver FB in the insertion direction B.The vortex air flow W passing through the second constriction 20 and the free end of the nozzle body 1 can rotate unhindered within the free section of the flow guide body 7 downstream of the nozzle body 1, which free section defines the rotation chamber 6, and propagate toward the open end of the nozzle channel 2A. The vortex air flow W is accelerated axially, in other words in the longitudinal axis direction A, by the Laval nozzle-like cross-sectional shape of the flow guide body 7 toward the open end of the nozzle channel 2A.

[0055] In conjunction with the introduction of a thread F or fiber sliver FB, the thread F or the introduced fiber sliver FB introduced into the further through-channel 1B is sucked in the direction of the rotation chamber 6 by means of the suction flow generated in the through-channel 15 and the further through-channel 1B when compressed air is supplied via the compressed air inlet 13. At the same time, the thread F or the fiber sliver FB passed through is set into a rotational movement about its longitudinal axis and about the axis of the introduction direction B or the longitudinal axis direction A. The rotation about its own longitudinal axis is caused by a clamping point lying opposite to the longitudinal axis direction A outside the multifunctional nozzle 100, 200 during the thread or fiber sliver passage. For example, the clamping of the thread F orof the fiber band FB outside the multifunctional nozzle 100, 200 via a thread take-off device 12 or via a thread feed device, as explained in more detail below using preferred embodiments.

[0056] After leaving the nozzle body 1, the thread F or the fiber band FB introduced into the multifunctional nozzle 100, 200 undergoes a rotation around the axis of the insertion direction B with a larger rotation diameter, which is limited by the inner diameter of the rotation chamber 6 or the flow guide body 7.

[0057] Figure 4shows a schematic representation of a sectional view of an open-end spinning device 400 according to one embodiment with a multifunctional nozzle 300 according to a third embodiment. In the multifunctional nozzle 300 according to the third embodiment, the wall 2B of the nozzle housing 2, in addition to the multifunctional nozzle 200 according to the second embodiment, has an extension length in the longitudinal axis direction A such that the nozzle housing 2 projects beyond the free end 7B of the flow guide body 7 in the longitudinal axis direction A. Furthermore, a fiber inlet 4 is formed in the wall 2B of the nozzle housing 2 downstream of the fixed end 7A of the flow guide body 7 in the longitudinal axis direction A. The fiber inlet 4 opens into an intermediate space formed between the flow guide body 7 and the wall 2B of the nozzle housing 2, which defines a fiber channel 4A.The fiber inlet 4 can be coupled to a fiber feeding device, such as a fiber dissolving unit known from the rotor spinning machine sector, in order to be able to feed dissolved or separated fibers FS to the multifunctional nozzle 300 via the fiber channel 4A.

[0058] An axial end of a spinning chamber housing 8 is replaceably connected to the nozzle housing end 2 by means of the wall 2B projecting beyond the flow guide body 7 in the longitudinal axis direction A. In this preferred embodiment, the coupling is realized by means of an airtight press fit between the respective, mutually facing end sides of the nozzle housing 2 and the spinning chamber housing 8, which can be removed and fixed by pulling and plugging along the longitudinal axis direction A to replace the spinning chamber housing 8. The spinning chamber housing 8 has a Laval nozzle-like cross-sectional shape along the longitudinal axis direction A, with the converging spinning chamber housing segment downstream of the nozzle housing 2 in the longitudinal axis direction A forming a spinning chamber 9. The spinning chamber housing 8 comprises a fiber outlet 16 in the diverging spinning chamber housing segment, which can be connected to a vacuum source.

[0059] The open-end spinning device 400 comprises a yarn draw-off device 12, which is arranged along the yarn path for controlled draw-off of a yarn F air-spun with the multi-function nozzle 300. In this exemplary embodiment, the yarn draw-off device 12 is designed as a pair of rollers that can be driven in a defined manner. Alternatively, according to an exemplary embodiment not shown, the yarn draw-off device 12 can be implemented, for example, as a winding device designed for winding a package, wherein the winding simultaneously effects the yarn draw-off. Furthermore, alternatively, the yarn draw-off device 12 can be implemented as a yarn store, by means of which a defined quantity of yarn can be stored. Such a yarn store particularly promotes continuous spinning operation during the repair of a yarn break, for example by means of a yarn splicing device.

[0060] The open-end spinning device 400 can be used to perform an open-end spinning process for producing a true-twisted yarn. For this purpose, particularly during a piecing process, an overpressure must first be applied to the compressed air inlet 3 for admitting compressed air, and a negative pressure must first be applied to the fiber outlet 16. This can be done simultaneously or in a desired sequence. A thread end of a thread F must then be presented to the multi-function nozzle 300 at the additional through-channel 1B or introduced into the additional through-channel 1B in a defined manner. The applied overpressure causes a suction flow in the additional through-channel 1B, via which the thread end can be reliably sucked into the additional through-channel 1B or guided via the through-channel 15 of the nozzle body 1 into the rotation chamber 6.The vortex air flow W generated by the overpressure, favorably supported by the negative pressure, acts on the thread end introduced into the rotation chamber 6, causing the thread end or thread F to rotate and also carrying the thread end or thread F in the longitudinal axis direction A. The fiber feed is switched on to feed in separated fibers FS. The negative pressure applied to the fiber inlet 4 or the suction flow applied causes separated fibers FS to be fed in from the fiber dissolving unit coupled to the fiber inlet 4. The separated fibers FS are entrained in a rotating manner by the vortex air flow W at the end of the nozzle body 1 into the spinning chamber 9. The thread end and the separated fibers FS can be fed in simultaneously or in a time-delayed manner in the desired sequence.The separated fibers FS can generally be fed continuously or intermittently in a demand-controlled manner. As soon as the yarn end and the fibers FS arrive in the spinning chamber 9, accompanied by the vortex air flow W, the rotating separated fibers FS adhere to the equally rotating yarn end, creating a new air-spun yarn section with true twist and no internal untwisted core. Excess fibers FS are simultaneously removed via the fiber outlet 16 by means of the applied negative pressure.The thread F is drawn off under negative and positive pressure during the feeding of the separated fibers FS from the multi-function nozzle 300 by means of the thread draw-off device 12 against the insertion direction B of the thread end at a drawing-off speed which enables a continuous accumulation of separated fibers FS at the newly forming thread end for air spinning of the thread F with true rotation.

[0061] Figure 5shows a schematic representation of a sectional view of a spinning chamber 9 according to an embodiment of an open-end spinning device 400 with a multifunctional nozzle 300 according to a third embodiment. The spinning chamber 9 has, transversely to the longitudinal axis direction A, a cross-sectional shape similar to the interior of a rotor cup, with an inner diameter along which the openings of the flow guide body 7, the fiber channel 4A and the fiber outlet 16 are arranged for communication with the spinning chamber 9. According to this embodiment, the opening of the flow guide body 7 is arranged radially inward and coaxial with the spinning chamber 9 with a circular cross-section, the opening of the fiber outlet 16 is arranged radially outward with an annular gap-like cross-section surrounding the opening of the flow guide body 7, and the opening of the fiber channel 4A is arranged in the radial direction between them with an annular gap-like cross-section surrounding the opening of the flow guide body 7.The action and functioning of the spinning chamber 9 according to this preferred embodiment is the same as the spinning chamber 9 described above. The use of such a spinning chamber 9 with a cross-sectional rotor cup interior space similar to that of the spinning chamber 9 enables a compact design as well as the use of known and already proven rotor cup geometries.

[0062] With Figure 6 is a schematic sectional view of a spinning device 500 with a Figure 2shown multifunction nozzle 200. The spinning device 500 is assigned a fiber sliver feed 10 which, according to this exemplary embodiment, is designed by a pair of output rollers of a drafting device 600 for the defined drafting of the fiber sliver FB. The spinning device 500 comprises the multifunction nozzle 200 according to the second exemplary embodiment for receiving the drafted fiber sliver FB. A limiting sleeve 11 followed by a rotatably drivable spindle 21 is arranged downstream of the multifunction nozzle 200 in an insertion direction B or feed direction of the fiber sliver FB. The spindle 21 is designed to carry an empty sleeve 22 so that it can rotate, in particular in a direction of rotation parallel to a vortex fluid flow W generated in the multifunction nozzle 200. The spindle 21 with the empty sleeve 22 are rotatably supported together by a spindle bank (not shown). The spindle bank is designed to be rotatable along the axis of rotation of the spindle 21 orto execute a reciprocating linear lifting movement of the empty tube 22 while carrying the spindle 21 with the empty tube 22. For this purpose, the limiting sleeve 11 comprises a cavity 11A in which the empty tube 22 carried by the spindle 21 can be at least partially received in an upward end position of the lifting movement. The multifunctional nozzle 200 is connected to the limiting sleeve 11 such that the thread F produced by the multifunctional nozzle 200 can be seamlessly transferred from the nozzle channel 2A into the cavity 11A in order to enable winding of a defined winding area of ​​the empty tube 22 during the lifting movement of the spindle bank carried out relative to the limiting sleeve 11, including rotation of the spindle 21 with the empty tube 22. In principle, the previously described structure of a workstation is similar to that of a ring spinning machine, with the exception that the multi-function nozzle 200 with the limiting sleeve 11 is used instead of a conventional ring traveler system.The replacement of the ring traveler system facilitates the elimination of the physical limitations imposed by this system, whereby the yarn F can be produced with true twist at a higher spinning speed than in a conventional ring spinning machine, resulting in faster winding of the empty tubes 22 and increased productivity.

[0063] Figure 7 shows a sectional view in schematic representation of a drafting device 600 with a Fig. 1The multifunctional nozzle 100 shown in FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the multifunctional nozzle 100. The drafting device 600 has a plurality of roller pairs 23, 24 arranged along a fiber sliver transport direction, which corresponds to the longitudinal axis direction A of the multifunctional nozzle 100. The respective roller pairs 23, 24 can be driven in the usual manner at mutually different rotational speeds in order to draw the fiber sliver FB transported by these roller pairs 23, 24 in a defined manner. A corresponding drafting zone is thus formed between these roller pairs 23, 24. According to this exemplary embodiment, the multifunctional nozzle 100 is arranged in the drafting zone between the two roller pairs 23, 24 for receiving the fiber sliver FB from one roller pair 23 and for forwarding it to the other roller pair 24.During operation of the drafting device 600, the fiber sliver FB passed through the multifunctional nozzle 100 experiences a false twist when the overpressure is applied at the fluid inlet / compressed air inlet 13. This false twist increasingly increases in the fiber sliver transport direction up to a clamping area of ​​the roller pair 24 downstream of the multifunctional nozzle 100. The fiber sliver composite can be reliably compacted by means of the applied rotation, since any protruding edge fibers can be easily incorporated into the fiber sliver composite, and the fiber sliver composite undergoes efficient narrowing or compaction along its width direction.

[0064] The embodiments described and shown in the figures are selected only as examples. Different embodiments can be combined with each other completely or with regard to individual features. Furthermore, one embodiment can be supplemented by features of another embodiment.

[0065] If an embodiment includes an "and / or" link between a first feature and a second feature, this is to be understood as meaning that the embodiment according to one embodiment includes both the first feature and the second feature and according to another embodiment includes either only the first feature or only the second feature. List of reference symbols 1 nozzle body 16 Fiber outlet 1A boundary part 17 compressed air chamber 1B further through channel 18 Annular gap 2 nozzle housing 19 first bottleneck 2A nozzle channel 20 second bottleneck 2B Wall of the nozzle housing 21 spindle 3 additional compressed air inlet 22 Empty tube 4 Fiber inlet 23, 24 pair of rollers 4A Fiber channel 5 flow chamber 6 Rotation chamber 100, 200, 7 Flow guide body 300 Multifunctional nozzle 7A fixed end of the flow guide body 400 Open-end spinning device 500 Spinning device 7B free end of the flow guide body 600 Drafting device 8 Spinning chamber housing 9 spinning chamber A Longitudinal axis direction 10 Sliver feed B Insertion direction of the thread or fiber band 11 Limiting sleeve 11A Cavity of the limiting sleeve C Mouth axis F thread 12 Thread take-off device Facebook Sliver 13 Compressed air inlet FS fiber 14 Pre-chamber housing W Vortex air flow 15 Through channel

Claims

1. A multifunctional nozzle (100; 200; 300) for a spinning machine, comprising a pressurisable nozzle housing (2) with a nozzle channel (2A), which extends along the longitudinal axis direction (A) of the nozzle housing (2) and is open on one side along the longitudinal axis direction (A), a fluid inlet (13) for admitting a pressurised fluid into the nozzle channel (2A) to bring about a vortex flow (W) within the nozzle channel (2A), a nozzle body (1) designed to be arranged in the nozzle channel (2A) or in the nozzle channel (2A) together with the nozzle housing (2), wherein the nozzle body (1) is shorter than the nozzle channel (2A) along the longitudinal axis direction (A) and has a through-duct (15), which extends along the longitudinal axis direction (A), for guiding through a thread (F) or a fibre band (FB), an annular gap (18), which extends in the nozzle channel (2A) along the longitudinal axis direction (A) and has at least one narrow point (19), towards which the annular gap (18) tapers on both sides along the longitudinal axis direction (A), wherein the narrow point (19) is formed downstream of the fluid inlet (13) along the longitudinal axis direction (A), a delimiting part (1A) designed to be formed or arranged in the nozzle channel (2A), in a manner closing the nozzle housing (2), on a side of the fluid inlet (13) that faces away from the narrow point (19), wherein the delimiting part (1A) has a further through-duct (1B), extending along the longitudinal axis direction (A), for the thread (F) or fibre band (FB) for communicating with the through-duct (15) of the nozzle body (1), and a hollow-body-like flow conducting body (7) designed to guide the thread (F) or fibre band (FB), in a manner accompanied by fluid, between the annular gap (18) and the open end of the nozzle channel (2A), wherein the annular gap (18) is formed between the nozzle body (1) and the nozzle housing (2) and / or the flow conducting body (7).

2. The multifunctional nozzle (100; 200; 300) according to claim 1, characterised in that the fluid inlet (13) has two or more than two circumferentially distributed fluid inlet mouths, which lead into the nozzle channel (2A), wherein the fluid inlet mouths are in particular arranged in an orthogonal plane with respect to the longitudinal axis direction (A) and in particular admit the pressurised fluid tangentially to the annular gap (18).

3. The multifunctional nozzle (100; 200; 300) according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the delimiting part (1A) is formed by the nozzle body (1) or bears the nozzle body (1).

4. The multifunctional nozzle (100; 200; 300) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the annular gap (18) and / or the flow conducting body (7) has / have a cross-sectional shape similar to a Laval nozzle along the longitudinal axis direction (A).

5. The multifunctional nozzle (100; 200; 300) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the nozzle body (1) has a cross-sectional shape similar to a candle flame in a sectional plane running through the central longitudinal axis of its through-duct (15).

6. The multifunctional nozzle (200; 300) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the flow conducting body (7) is formed by a component that is separate from the nozzle housing (2) and arranged in particular coaxially with the nozzle housing (2), said component having a fixed end (7A), which is coupled to the nozzle housing (2) at a spacing from the delimiting part (1A), and a free end (7B), which is formed on the side of the flow conducting body (7) that faces away from the delimiting part (1A), the free end (7B) in particular having a smaller outer diameter than the outer diameter of the narrow point (19).

7. The multifunctional nozzle (300) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised by a fibre feed (4, 4A) for feeding separated fibres (FS), the fibre feed (4, 4A) having a fibre inlet (4) and a fibre duct (4A), which communicates therewith and is arranged downstream in the fibre transport direction, and by a spinning chamber (9) arranged downstream of the flow conducting body (7) along the longitudinal axis direction (A), the flow conducting body (7) and the fibre duct (4A) opening into the spinning chamber (9) along the longitudinal axis direction (A), and the spinning chamber (9) having a fibre outlet (16) for discharging superfluous fibres (FS), said fibre outlet being separate from the mouths of the flow conducting body (7) and of the fibre duct (4A) and being able to be coupled to a vacuum source.

8. The multifunctional nozzle (300) according to claim 7, characterised in that the spinning chamber (9) is formed by a spinning-chamber housing (8) that is interchangeably coupled or able to be coupled to the nozzle housing (2).

9. The multifunctional nozzle (300) according to claim 8, characterised in that the nozzle housing (2) has a wall (2B), which delimits the fibre duct (4A) radially on the outside, protrudes beyond the flow conducting body (7) towards the spinning chamber (9) and is in the form of a coupling member for interchangeably coupling the spinning-chamber housing (8) to the nozzle housing (2).

10. The multifunctional nozzle (300) according to any of claims 7 to 9, characterised in that the spinning chamber (9) has a cross-sectional shape similar to a Laval nozzle along its longitudinal axis.

11. The multifunctional nozzle (300) according to either claim 7 or claim 8, characterised in that, along its longitudinal axis, the spinning chamber (9) has a cross-sectional shape similar to a rotor cup interior, having an internal diameter along which the mouths of the flow conducting body (7), of the fibre duct (4A) and of the fibre outlet (16) are arranged for communicating with the spinning chamber (9).

12. An open-end spinning device (400) for spinning a real-twist thread (F), comprising a spinning device for spinning the thread (F) out of fed-in separated fibres (FS), characterised in that the spinning device is formed by a multifunctional nozzle (300) according to any of claims 7 to 11.

13. An open-end spinning method for producing a real-twist thread (F), characterised in that a multifunctional nozzle (300) according to any of claims 7 to 11 is provided as the spinning device, a pressurised fluid is admitted into the annular gap (18) of the multifunctional nozzle (300), through the fluid inlet (13), in order to generate a vortex flow (W), a vacuum is applied to the fibre outlet (16) of the spinning-chamber housing (8), a thread end of a thread (F) is introduced, via the through-ducts (1B, 15) of the delimiting part (1A) and of the nozzle body (1), as far as into the spinning chamber (9) of the multifunctional nozzle (300), separated fibres (FS) are admitted into the multifunctional nozzle (300) through the fibre inlet (4) and the fibre duct (4A), and when a vacuum and a positive pressure are applied during the feed of the separated fibres (FS), the thread (F) is drawn out of the multifunctional nozzle (300), in the opposite direction to the insertion direction (B) of the thread end, by means of a thread take-up device (12) at a defined take-off speed.

14. A workstation of a spinning machine for spinning a real-twist thread (F), the workstation comprising a drafting system device (600) for the defined drawing of a fibre band (FB) fed to the drafting system device (600), a spinning device for producing the real-twist thread (F) from the drawn fibre band (FB) fed by the drafting system device (600), a drivable spindle (21) for bearing an empty tube (22) in a manner rotatably entrained therewith, the spindle (21) along with the empty tube (22) being rotatably borne by a spindle rail, which is designed to execute a linear stroke movement back and forth along the axis of rotation of the spindle (21) or empty tube (22) while entraining the spindle (21) together with empty tube (22), and a delimiting sleeve (11) having a cavity (11A), in which the empty tube (22) borne by the spindle (21) is at least partly received in an upward end position of the stroke movement, characterised in that the spinning device is formed by a multifunctional nozzle (200) according to any of claims 1 to 6, the multifunctional nozzle (200) being arranged between the drafting system and the delimiting sleeve (11) in the fibre band transport direction so as to transfer the produced real-twist thread (F) into the cavity (11A) for winding a winding region of the empty tube (22) during the stroke movement performed relative to the delimiting sleeve (11).

15. A drafting system device (600) comprising at least two roller pairs (23, 24) for the defined drawing of a fibre band (FB) fed to the drafting system device (600), the roller pairs (23, 24) being drivable at different rotational speeds from one another, characterised by a multifunctional nozzle (100) according to any of claims 1 to 6, the multifunctional nozzle (100) being arranged in the fibre band travel path upstream, in the fibre band transport direction, of one of the at least two roller pairs (23, 24).

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