Solid-state battery system comprising a solid-state battery holder

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solid-state battery system (1, 2), having at least one solid-state battery (1) with a preferred size-changing direction (A), and having at least one solid-state battery holder (2) which is designed to counteract the size change of the solid-state battery (1) in the size-changing direction (A) by means of at least one tension spring (20).

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] SOLID-STATE BATTERY SYSTEM COMPRISING A SOLID-STATE BATTERY MOUNT

[0003] The present invention relates to a solid-state accumulator system and a solid-state accumulator holder for use in such a solid-state accumulator system.

[0004] It is known to store electrical energy for later and / or mobile use. Mobile applications can include electronic entertainment and communication devices such as mobile phones, as well as vehicles that can be partially or fully electrically powered.

[0005] In any case, rechargeable electrical energy storage devices, also known as accumulators, can be used for this purpose. Accumulators are also known as secondary batteries and colloquially abbreviated to accumulator. An accumulator is a rechargeable galvanic cell with two electrodes and an electrolyte that can store electrical energy electrochemically. The electrolyte serves to conduct ions between the anode and cathode.

[0006] Rechargeable batteries can be manufactured in various sizes and shapes depending on the application. For example, the batteries of mobile phones are usually flat and cuboid-shaped to minimize installation space. If the required installation space is less important, batteries are often cylindrical. Cylindrical and cuboid-shaped batteries are used in many electrical household appliances. Cylindrical batteries, in particular, are usually used in multiples and connected in series and / or arranged one behind the other in direct contact, for example, in remote controls for electronic devices and the like.

[0007] Battery electric vehicles (BEVs), which can also be referred to as electric cars, typically combine a variety of batteries, particularly cylindrical ones. The batteries are often arranged parallel to each other in the floor of the vehicle's chassis. The interconnection of the individual batteries can vary depending on the application and the manufacturer.

[0008] Accumulators differ primarily in the technology used to store electrical energy, which essentially depends on the electrolyte used. Lithium-ion batteries, which are based on lithium compounds in all three phases of the electrochemical cell, are now widely used. Lithium-ion batteries have a comparatively high specific energy, i.e., a comparatively high energy per unit mass, and are typically used in mobile phones, but also in battery-electric vehicles. Lead- or nickel-based batteries are also used in battery-electric vehicles. What these batteries have in common is that they use a liquid electrolyte.

[0009] A disadvantage of batteries with liquid electrolytes is that they typically require cooling to extend the lifespan of the electrodes. This represents a significant additional expense.

[0010] In particular, the required cooling and other devices can account for more than half the volume of, for example, a lithium-ion battery. To extend the battery's service life, it is also important to avoid fully charging or discharging the batteries. Furthermore, most liquid electrolytes are flammable, which may require additional safety devices. Furthermore, the liquid electrolyte can leak if damaged, which may also require additional safety measures. A further safety risk for batteries with liquid electrolytes can arise from very low or very high ambient temperatures, as the liquid electrolytes can then freeze or boil.

[0011] Accumulators with an electrolyte made of solid material are also known, which can also be referred to as solid-state batteries. Because the electrolytes are made of solid materials, they cannot leak if damaged, which can increase the safety of using solid-state batteries or eliminate the need for additional safety measures. The solid materials of the electrolytes are also generally non-flammable. Furthermore, solid-state batteries typically have a longer service life than batteries with liquid electrolytes and are easier to store. Solid-state batteries are also easier to miniaturize and can be manufactured, in particular, in the form of a thin film. Furthermore, solid-state batteries generally do not exhibit safety problems or abrupt changes in performance when exposed to temperature fluctuations.

[0012] However, the disadvantage of solid-state batteries is that they currently have a lower power density and a higher energy density than batteries with liquid electrolytes. This can have a correspondingly adverse impact on applications, as it can limit the acceleration capabilities of battery-electric vehicles.

[0013] Another disadvantage is that solid-state batteries, or rather their anodes, can experience a significant change in size of, for example, 20% during charging and discharging. This change in size can occur particularly along the longitudinal axis of the solid-state battery, for example, in cylindrical solid-state batteries, along the longitudinal axis, where the electrodes are opposite each other. This change in size, or length, between the charged and discharged or uncharged states of the solid-state battery can also be referred to as "breathing."

[0014] A further disadvantage is that solid-state batteries must be compressed at a comparatively high pressure of over approximately 10 bar, particularly between approximately 10 bar and approximately 30 bar, to achieve acceptable, particularly good, efficiency, since the applied pressure can lead to better contact between the solid particles and thus increase electrical conductivity. In solid-state batteries with an elongated extension direction, this pressure is usually applied in the elongated extension direction, for example, in the case of cylindrical solid-state batteries, in the direction of the longitudinal axis.

[0015] In any case, this places special demands on solid-state accumulators or on the housings and the like that surround the solid-state accumulators.

[0016] One object of the present invention is to improve the potential uses of solid-state batteries. This should be achieved in a way that is as simple, robust, versatile, cost-effective, and / or space-saving as possible.

[0017] This object is achieved according to the invention by a solid-state accumulator system and a solid-state accumulator mount having the features of the independent patent claims. Advantageous developments are described in the subclaims. Thus, the present invention relates to a solid-state accumulator system comprising at least one solid-state accumulator with a preferred size-change direction and at least one solid-state accumulator mount configured to counteract the size change of the solid-state accumulator in the size-change direction by means of at least one tension spring.

[0018] The present invention is based on the finding that, as described above, solid-state accumulators or their anodes generally tend to shrink when the stored electrical charge is discharged and to expand again when recharging, which can also be referred to as the "breathing" of the solid-state accumulator. This occurs essentially in one spatial direction, which can thus be referred to as the preferred direction of size change, since the greatest change in size due to the "breathing" of the solid-state accumulator or its accumulator cell(s) occurs in this spatial direction. This change in size has a particular effect in the direction of the elongated extent of the solid-state accumulator, so that the direction of the elongated extent can also be referred to as the preferred direction of size change.This usually also represents the direction in which the two electrodes of the solid-state accumulator are spaced from each other or separated by a separating layer.

[0019] In order to be able to hold or fix a solid-state accumulator in the preferred direction of size change despite the regular, significant change in size, which can easily amount to 20% of the elongated extent of the solid-state accumulator, the invention proposes a solid-state accumulator holder which can counteract this change in size by means of at least one tension spring. For this purpose, the tension spring can be at least almost or completely forceless, or can rest loosely against the solid-state accumulator, when the solid-state accumulator is at its minimum size in the preferred direction of size change, i.e., in the fully or largely discharged state.and, by means of the tension spring force during charging, counteract the resulting enlargement of the solid-state accumulator in the preferred direction of size change, so that the solid-state accumulator can be held along the direction of the preferred size change even when "breathing," but can still expand in the preferred direction of size change due to its inherent nature. Thus, a secure hold of the solid-state accumulator can be achieved despite the "breathing."

[0020] To achieve this, the tension spring of the solid-state accumulator holder exerts a force on the solid-state accumulator opposite to the preferred direction of size change of the solid-state accumulator. In other words, a change in size of the solid-state accumulator or its anode in the preferred direction of size change during charging acts on the solid-state accumulator holder or on its at least one tension spring in such a way that the solid-state accumulator expanding in the preferred direction of size change pulls the tension spring apart against its spring force, so that the tension spring counteracts this pulling apart with its spring force.

[0021] The tension spring can be designed accordingly. Mechanical and elastomeric tension springs are particularly available for this purpose. In any case, a tension spring can be used alone for the implementation. However, several tension springs that are identical or act in the same way and / or different or act differently can also be used. In particular, at least one tension spring can be combined with at least one rigid or movable element to achieve the desired effect. In any case, the use of a tension spring can facilitate a compact arrangement or compact construction of the solid-state battery holder. For this purpose, the tension spring can be arranged parallel to the solid-state battery, acting in the preferred direction of size change of the solid-state battery.This can be achieved in particular by at least one endlessly closed or wound elastomeric tension spring which encloses the solid-state accumulator, or also by at least one pair of parallel arranged, preferably elastomeric, tension springs which are connected to holding elements which each enclose the solid-state accumulator at the edge and transmit the tensile forces of the tension springs to the solid-state accumulator.

[0022] In particular, an elastomeric tension spring can have a degressive course of the characteristic curve of the spring stiffness due to the constriction of the elastomeric material during tensile force-induced stretching in the preferred direction of size change, so that a tensile force that is as constant as possible can be exerted by the elastomeric tension spring on the solid-state accumulator over the entire range of the size change.

[0023] In any case, in this way, according to the invention, the solid-state accumulator can be securely held by the solid-state accumulator holder, both in the discharged and charged state, as well as during the discharge and charging process. This can be achieved despite the significant change in size in the preferred direction of change in size during the discharge and charging process. By means of the solid-state accumulator holder, the solid-state accumulator can be connected to, and thus securely held in, a device or appliance that can be electrically powered or operated by the solid-state accumulator. According to one aspect of the invention, the tension spring is further configured to exert a preload on the solid-state accumulator.This can be achieved by appropriately designing the tension spring, whereby even with the minimum size of the fully discharged solid-state battery in the preferred direction of size change, a tensile force of the tension spring can be exerted on the solid-state battery, which contracts the solid-state battery in the direction of the preferred size change and thus preloads it. In other words, a preload as uniform as possible can be ensured on the battery cell regardless of the state of charge, so that the conductivity and thus the maximum performance of the battery cell is not affected, or is affected as little as possible, by "breathing."

[0024] This tensile force of the tension spring can be considered the preload of the tension spring and is preferably at least approximately 10 bar, particularly preferably between approximately 10 bar and approximately 30 bar. In this way, the solid-state accumulator, or its anode, cathode, and electrolyte, can be drawn together to increase efficiency, since the applied pressure can lead to better contact between the solid particles and thus increase electrical conductivity.

[0025] According to a further aspect of the invention, the tension spring comprises an elastomeric material, preferably consisting of an elastomeric material. This can represent a particularly simple, cost-effective, space-saving, durable, and / or easily adaptable implementation option. Furthermore, the enlargement of the solid-state accumulator or its anode in the preferred direction of size change during the charging process, counter to the tensile force of the elastomeric tension spring, can lead to a constriction of the tension spring perpendicular to the preferred direction of size change, whereby a degressive course of the characteristic curve of the spring stiffness of the elastomeric tension spring can be generated. This can be advantageous in that it allows the elastomeric tension spring to exert as constant a tensile force as possible on the solid-state accumulator over the entire range of the size change.

[0026] According to a further aspect of the invention, the elastomeric material is an ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, a natural rubber, or silicone. These can represent particularly simple, cost-effective, and / or durable implementation options.

[0027] According to a further aspect of the invention, the elastomeric tension spring encloses the solid-state accumulator at least partially, preferably completely. This can be done in a continuous, closed configuration or wound, preferably in multiple layers. In either case, this enables a compact implementation.

[0028] In the case of using an endlessly closed elastomeric tension spring, the closed elastomeric tension spring can be assembled around the solid-state accumulator in such a way that the elastomeric tension spring is manufactured or provided in an endlessly closed state and then stretched sufficiently against its tensile force to position the solid-state accumulator within the endlessly closed elastomeric tension spring and then reduce the stretching of the endlessly closed elastomeric tension spring until the endlessly closed elastomeric tension spring rests on the solid-state accumulator.

[0029] Stretching can occur, in particular, by exerting tensile forces on the continuously closed elastomeric tension spring such that the solid-state accumulator can be positioned in the expanded interior of the continuously closed elastomeric tension spring. These tensile forces can be exerted, for example, on the continuously closed elastomeric tension spring by sucking the continuously closed elastomeric tension spring in from the outside using negative pressure and then pulling it apart or stretching it. Tension points such as tabs, hooks, eyelets, and the like can also be provided on the continuously closed elastomeric tension spring in a non-destructively removable manner or as a single piece, i.e., integrally formed, in order to be able to stretch or stretch the continuously closed elastomeric tension spring by means of a mechanical connection.

[0030] If the solid-state accumulator is to be preloaded, this preload can be applied to the solid-state accumulator during assembly using separate tensioning or compression means, if necessary, until the continuously closed elastomeric tension spring(s) are positioned or mounted as described above. The contact required for this purpose between the tensioning or compression means, preferably with the two outer surfaces of the solid-state accumulator in the preferred direction of size change, can preferably be made at the edge in order to be able to pull the tensioning or compression means away from or out of the continuously closed elastomeric tension spring, if necessary, after the continuously closed elastomeric tension spring has been installed.

[0031] According to a further aspect of the invention, several continuously closed elastomeric tension springs are arranged parallel to one another and together enclose the solid-state accumulator, at least in sections, preferably completely. In other words, each elastomeric tension spring is continuously closed, and several continuously closed elastomeric tension springs are arranged next to one another. Each individual continuously closed elastomeric tension spring acts on the solid-state accumulator as described above. This can reduce assembly effort, since only one comparatively small, and thus weaker in terms of its tensile force, continuously closed elastomeric tension spring needs to be stretched and positioned at a time. This can be done for all continuously closed elastomeric tension springs one after the other.

[0032] According to a further aspect of the invention, several continuously closed elastomeric tension springs are arranged one above the other and together enclose the solid-state accumulator at least partially, preferably completely, endlessly. This can enable a multi-layer implementation, thereby increasing design flexibility. For example, several layers of continuously closed elastomeric tension springs can be arranged in the center of the solid-state accumulator or its accumulator cell to counteract deflection.

[0033] In this case, too, this can simplify the assembly of the endlessly closed elastomeric extension springs, as described above, since the tensile force per endlessly closed elastomeric extension spring can be further reduced, while the resulting combined tensile force can still be achieved through the interaction of all endlessly closed elastomeric extension springs. This can also be achieved by coiling several open elastomeric extension springs.

[0034] According to a further aspect of the invention, the elastomeric tension spring encloses the solid-state accumulator at least partially, preferably completely, and / or is wound in at least one layer, preferably in multiple layers. This can represent an alternative implementation during assembly, the stretching of an endlessly closed elastomeric tension spring as described above can be avoided. In this case, too, any necessary preload can be applied during assembly as described above.

[0035] According to a further aspect of the invention, the solid-state accumulator is enclosed by the elastomeric tension spring in an arcuate, preferably semicircular, shape in the preferred direction of size change. For this purpose, the continuously closed elastomeric tension spring and / or the solid-state accumulator can be shaped accordingly at the edges. This can result in a more uniform flow of force within the material of the elastomeric tension spring, which can have a positive effect on the longevity of the elastomeric tension spring. According to a further aspect of the invention, the solid-state accumulator is enclosed by the elastomeric tension spring in the preferred direction of size change, flatly perpendicular to the preferred direction of size change, and is preferably curved outwardly, preferably semicircular.This can enable a corresponding design of the contact surface of the solid-state accumulator relative to the elastomer tension spring, as is common, for example, with cuboid and cylindrical solid-state accumulators. In this way, the solid-state accumulator holder according to the invention can be used with such known or easily manufactured solid-state accumulators without having to structurally modify the solid-state accumulators or adapt them to the elastomer tension spring.

[0036] According to a further aspect of the invention, at least one pair of elastomeric tension springs is arranged parallel to the solid-state accumulator along the preferred size-changing direction and is connected to a holding element at its open end in the preferred size-changing direction, wherein the elastomeric tension springs and the holding elements endlessly enclose the solid-state accumulator at least partially, preferably completely. For this purpose, the holding elements can be rigid, for example made of metal. In any case, this can represent an alternative implementation of the present invention, as already mentioned. In this case, the two elastomeric tension springs, which are open at their ends, can jointly exert their tensile force on the two holding elements, which in turn enclose the solid-state accumulator at its edges, so that the properties described above can also be implemented in this way.

[0037] This can potentially simplify the stretching for assembly as described above, since the external tensile forces required for this can now be exerted at least substantially on the support elements, as previously described with regard to at least one endlessly closed elastomeric tension spring. The support elements, or at least one of the support elements, can also have tension points such as tabs, hooks, eyelets, and the like, as previously described.

[0038] According to a further aspect of the invention, the open ends of the elastomeric tension springs are connected to the mounting elements in a materially bonded, force-locking, and / or form-fitting manner. When using elastomeric tension springs, this can preferably be achieved by vulcanization prior to assembly of the solid-state accumulator. In any case, this allows for a durable connection to be achieved, enabling the previously described properties and advantages to be realized.

[0039] According to a further aspect of the invention, the solid-state accumulator is enclosed by the support elements in a planar manner perpendicular to the preferred direction of size change. This can also enable the implementation of the corresponding properties and advantages described above in this case.

[0040] According to a further aspect of the invention, the solid-state battery holder, preferably the elastomeric tension spring and / or the holders, has at least one pair of tension points designed to expand the solid-state battery holder by pulling. This can enable the concrete implementation of the corresponding properties and advantages already described in this case as well.

[0041] According to a further aspect of the invention, the elastomeric tension spring has at least one tension carrier element in the direction of the preferred size change direction, wherein the tension carrier element is preferably a reinforcement layer, preferably in the form of a fabric, wherein the reinforcement layer preferably comprises, preferably consists of, plastic fibers and / or natural fibers. This can improve the transmission of tensile forces by the elastomeric tension spring and thereby, in particular, increase the longevity of the elastomeric tension spring.

[0042] According to a further aspect of the invention, the solid-state accumulator system according to the invention comprises a plurality of accumulator cells arranged in the preferred size-change direction and / or perpendicular to the preferred size-change direction, wherein the solid-state accumulator holder is configured to counteract the size change of all accumulator cells in the size-change direction by means of at least one tension spring. This can increase the design flexibility for utilizing the present invention. In particular, the effort required to implement the present invention can be kept correspondingly low.

[0043] The invention also relates to a solid-state accumulator holder for use in a solid-state accumulator system as described above. This makes it possible to provide a solid-state accumulator holder for implementing a solid-state accumulator system according to the invention as described above.

[0044] Several embodiments and further advantages of the invention are explained below in conjunction with the following figures. Figures 1-15 show perspective schematic representations of various solid-state accumulator systems according to the invention, each with a solid-state accumulator holder according to the invention.

[0045] The description of the above figures is in Cartesian coordinates with a longitudinal direction X, a transverse direction Y perpendicular to the longitudinal direction X and a vertical direction Z perpendicular to both the longitudinal direction X and the transverse direction Y. The longitudinal direction X can also be referred to as depth X, the transverse direction Y as width Y and the vertical direction Z as height Z. The longitudinal direction X and the transverse direction Y together form the horizontal, X, Y, which can also be referred to as the horizontal plane X, Y. The longitudinal direction X, the transverse direction Y and the vertical direction Z can together also be referred to as spatial directions X, Y, Z or as Cartesian spatial directions X, Y, Z.

[0046] A solid-state accumulator 1 is always considered, each of which has at least one accumulator cell 10. The accumulator cell 10 represents a rechargeable galvanic element comprising two electrodes (not shown), i.e., an anode and a cathode, and an electrolyte (not shown) that can store electrical energy on an electrochemical basis and serves to conduct ions between the electrodes. The electrolyte is a solid-state material.

[0047] In the case of accumulator cells 10 with solid electrolyte, it is known that a significant change in size of, for example, approximately 20% can occur during charging and discharging. This change in size or length can also be referred to as "breathing." The change in size can occur essentially in an elongated extension direction of the accumulator cell 10, which in the exemplary embodiments considered corresponds to the vertical direction Z, in which the electrodes also lie opposite one another. The preferred direction of change in size A thus corresponds to the elongated extension direction of the accumulator cell 10 and thus to the vertical direction Z. The preferred direction of change in size A can also be referred to as the expansion-compression direction A.

[0048] For accumulator cells 10 with solid electrolyte, it is advantageous if the accumulator cells 10 are compressed at a comparatively high pressure of more than approximately 10 bar, in particular between approximately 10 bar and approximately 30 bar, since the applied pressure can lead to better contact between the solid particles of the electrolyte and thereby increase electrical conductivity. In the exemplary embodiments considered, the direction of this pressure application corresponds to the longitudinal extension direction of the accumulator cell 10 and thus to the vertical direction Z or the preferred dimension change direction A.

[0049] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a solid-state accumulator system 1, 2 according to the invention with a solid-state accumulator holder 2 according to the invention according to a first exemplary embodiment. The accumulator cell 10 of the solid-state accumulator 1 is enclosed by a solid-state accumulator holder 2, which has precisely one continuously closed elastomeric tension spring 20 and a pair of holding elements 21, 22. The tension spring 20 can also generally be referred to as a tension spring element 20. The holding elements 21, 22 can also be referred to as holding plates 21, 22 or as end plates 21, 22.

[0050] Thus, a tension spring 20 is used, which, in the first exemplary embodiment considered in Figure 1, is endlessly closed and made of an elastomeric material such as ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, natural rubber, or silicone. A tension carrier element 20c, also endlessly closed, is embedded in the elastomeric material of the tension spring 20 as a reinforcement layer 20c in the form of a fabric 20c. The fabric 20c can be made of plastic fibers or natural fibers and transmits tensile forces in the endlessly closed direction of the elastomeric tension spring 20.

[0051] The two holding elements 21, 22 are each semicircular and rest with their respective flat, level sides on the upper and lower surfaces of the battery cell 10, so that one holding element 21 can be referred to as the first, upper holding element 21 and the other holding element 22, opposite in the vertical direction Z, can be referred to as the second, lower holding element 22. The battery cell 10 is enclosed on both sides in the transverse direction Y by the endlessly closed elastomeric tension spring 20 in the vertical direction Z, and the two holding elements 21, 22 of the solid-state battery holder 2 are enclosed in an arc shape in the transverse direction Y by the endlessly closed elastomeric tension spring 20, wherein the endlessly closed elastomeric tension spring 20 rests under tension against the battery cell 10 and the holding elements 21, 22.In this way, the endlessly closed tension spring 20 exerts tensile forces on the accumulator cell 10 opposite to the preferred direction of change in size A.

[0052] The continuously closed elastomer tension spring 20 is dimensioned relative to the battery cell 10 in such a way that, on the one hand, the battery cell 10 can be securely held relative to the environment, for example, by arranging the solid-state battery holder 2 within a housing or frame. Due to the elastic properties of the continuously closed elastomer tension spring 20, this hold can be maintained even when the battery cell 10 "breathes," ie, shortens in the preferred dimension change direction A during discharging and lengthens in the preferred dimension change direction A during charging.

[0053] On the other hand, by dimensioning or designing the endlessly closed elastomeric tension spring 20, a sufficiently high tensile force can be exerted on the two holding elements 21, 22 and transmitted from the two holding elements 21, 22 to the accumulator cell 10 in order to exert a force or pressure of, for example, approximately 10 bar on the accumulator cell 10 in order to improve the contact between the solid particles of the electrolyte and thus increase the electrical conductivity.

[0054] It is advantageous that the material of the continuously closed elastomeric tension spring 20 constricts in the longitudinal direction X when the accumulator cell 10 is charged and thus enlarged in the preferred size change direction A or in the vertical direction Z, since this allows a degressive course of the characteristic curve of the spring stiffness of the elastomeric material of the continuously closed elastomeric tension spring 20 to be achieved, so that a tensile force that is as constant as possible can be exerted by the continuously closed elastomeric tension spring 20 on the accumulator cell 10 over the entire range of the size change. Accordingly, the tensile force or the pressure for compressing the solid particles of the electrolyte can be exerted comparatively constantly even despite the significant change in size of the accumulator cell 10 or its anode during "breathing".

[0055] The assembly of the solid-state accumulator system 1, 2 can be carried out in such a way that the accumulator cell 10 is prepared and held on one side in the longitudinal direction X. The first, upper holding element 21 can then be placed on the upper side of the accumulator cell 10 and the second, lower holding element 22, also held on one side in the longitudinal direction X, can be placed from below against the lower side of the accumulator cell 10. The endlessly closed elastomeric tension spring 20 can now be stretched, which can be achieved by tensile forces acting from the outside, for example by vacuum. In the expanded state, the endlessly closed elastomeric tension spring 20 can be pushed in the longitudinal direction X from the opposite side over the accumulator cell 10 together with the holding elements 21, 22.In the desired position, the expansion of the endlessly closed elastomeric tension spring 20 can then be terminated, so that the solid-state accumulator system 1, 2 can be created as previously described.

[0056] Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a solid-state accumulator system 1, 2 according to the invention with a solid-state accumulator holder 2 according to the invention according to a second exemplary embodiment. In this case, four narrower, continuously closed elastomeric tension springs 20 together form the solid-state accumulator holder 2 in the longitudinal direction X, which can simplify assembly with regard to the expansion of the individual continuously closed elastomeric tension springs 20. Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a solid-state accumulator system 1, 2 according to the invention with a solid-state accumulator holder 2 according to the invention according to a third exemplary embodiment. In this case, an elastomeric tension spring 20 is also used, but this is open and is applied to the accumulator cell 10 by winding.A material bond between the surface of the accumulator cell 10 and the support elements 21, 22 and the inner surface of the wound elastomer tension spring 20 can be achieved by means of adhesive bonding. This can be achieved in the longitudinal direction X beyond the edges (not marked) of the accumulator cell 10 and the support elements 21, 22 and then shortened to the required dimensions by cutting.

[0057] Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a solid-state accumulator system 1, 2 according to the invention with a solid-state accumulator holder 2 according to the invention according to a fourth exemplary embodiment. In this case, two elastomeric tension springs 20 are wound in two layers to improve the hold of the solid-state accumulator holder 2. In this case, the individual layers or layers of the elastomeric tension springs 20 can be glued to one another. It is advantageous to apply the individual layers or layers of the elastomeric tension springs 20 overlapping in the same winding direction or in opposite winding directions to improve the hold of the individual layers or layers of the elastomeric tension springs 20 to one another. In this case, endlessly closed elastomeric tension springs 20 can also be provided in multiple layers (not shown).

[0058] Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of a solid-state accumulator system 1, 2 according to the invention with a solid-state accumulator holder 2 according to a fifth exemplary embodiment. In this case, an endlessly closed elastomeric tension spring 20 is used, which has eight tension points 20a in the form of tabs 20a or eyelets 20a, which are arranged "in the corners," so to speak. Tensile forces can be exerted on the endlessly closed elastomeric tension spring 20 during assembly via the tension points 20a, as previously described.

[0059] Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of a solid-state accumulator system 1, 2 according to the invention with a solid-state accumulator holder 2 according to the invention according to a sixth exemplary embodiment. In this case, the holder elements 21, 22 are flat with a rectangular cross-section. The corresponding regions of the continuously closed elastomeric tension spring 20 are solid in order to continue to achieve a force-transmitting connection between the continuously closed elastomeric tension spring 20 and the two holder elements 21, 22.

[0060] Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of a solid-state accumulator system 1, 2 according to the invention with a solid-state accumulator holder 2 according to the invention according to a seventh exemplary embodiment. In this case, the rectangular holder elements 21, 22 extend in the transverse direction Y beyond the sides of the accumulator cell 10 and are each connected there in a materially bonded manner, e.g., by vulcanization, to two rectangular elastomeric tension springs 20, which extend laterally along the accumulator cell 10 or bear laterally against the accumulator cell 10. Both elastomeric tension springs 20 have a tension carrier element 20c.

[0061] Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of a solid-state accumulator system 1, 2 according to the invention with a solid-state accumulator holder 2 according to the invention according to an eighth exemplary embodiment. In this case, a positive connection between the two holder elements 21, 22 and the two elastomeric tension springs 10 is achieved in that the two edges (not labeled) of the two elastomeric tension springs 10 each have an embedded support element 20b in the form of a rod-shaped cross member 20b and are interrupted in the longitudinal direction X, i.e., are formed in two parts. In this area of ​​the interruption of the two elastomeric tension springs 10, the two holding elements 21, 22 each engage around the exposed support element 20b by means of hooks 21a, 22a, so that the tensile forces of the two split elastomeric tension springs 10 can be transmitted to the accumulator cell 20 via the two holding elements 21, 22 as previously described.

[0062] Figure 9 shows a schematic representation of a solid-state accumulator system 1, 2 according to the invention with a solid-state accumulator holder 2 according to the invention according to a ninth exemplary embodiment. In this case, two accumulator cells 10 of the solid-state accumulator 1, arranged parallel to one another in the horizontal X, Y, are jointly received by the solid-state accumulator holder 2 as described above. For this purpose, one of three elastomeric tension springs 20 is arranged in the transverse direction Y between the two accumulator cells 10. All three elastomeric tension springs 20 are connected in the vertical direction Z to the two holding elements 21, 22, which, as described above, enclose both accumulator cells 10 in the vertical direction Z.

[0063] Figure 10 shows a schematic representation of a solid-state accumulator system 1, 2 according to the invention with a solid-state accumulator holder 2 according to the invention according to a tenth exemplary embodiment. This embodiment corresponds to the preceding ninth exemplary embodiment in Figure 9 with the difference that a pair of holding elements 21, 22 is used for each accumulator cell 10, which are spaced apart from the central elastomeric tension spring 20 in the transverse direction Y. The material-to-material connection of the elastomeric tension springs 20 to the holding elements 21, 22 takes place at their edges, ie both in the vertical direction Z and in the transverse direction Y. Figure 11 shows a schematic representation of a solid-state accumulator system 1, 2 according to the invention with a solid-state accumulator holder 2 according to the invention according to an eleventh exemplary embodiment.In this case, two accumulator cells 10 are arranged directly next to each other in the transverse direction Y and are jointly enclosed by the solid-state accumulator holder 2 by means of a pair of elastomeric tension springs 20 and a pair of holding elements 21, 22.

[0064] Figure 12 shows a schematic representation of a solid-state accumulator system 1, 2 according to the invention with a solid-state accumulator holder 2 according to the invention according to a twelfth exemplary embodiment. This embodiment corresponds to the eleventh exemplary embodiment of Figure 11 with the difference that here, too, two accumulator cells 10 are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction X, so that a total of four accumulator cells 10 arranged horizontally X, Y are enclosed by the solid-state accumulator holder 2 by means of a pair of elastomeric tension springs 20 and a pair of holding elements 21, 22.

[0065] Figure 13 shows a schematic representation of a solid-state accumulator system 1, 2 according to the invention with a solid-state accumulator holder 2 according to the invention according to a thirteenth exemplary embodiment. This embodiment corresponds to the first exemplary embodiment of Figure 1 with the difference that here two accumulator cells 10 are arranged one above the other in the vertical direction Z and are jointly enclosed by the endlessly closed elastomeric tension spring 20.

[0066] Figure 14 shows a schematic representation of a solid-state accumulator system 1, 2 according to the invention with a solid-state accumulator holder 2 according to the invention according to a fourteenth exemplary embodiment. This embodiment corresponds to the thirteenth exemplary embodiment of Figure 13, with the difference that the solid-state accumulator holder 2 according to the seventh exemplary embodiment is used here. Figure 15 shows a schematic representation of a solid-state accumulator system 1, 2 according to the invention with a solid-state accumulator holder 2 according to the invention according to a fifteenth exemplary embodiment.In this case, the twelfth embodiment of Figure 12 and the fourteenth embodiment of Figure 14 are combined with each other, so that a total of eight accumulator cells 10 arranged in blocks in the horizontal X, Y and in the vertical Z direction are enclosed by the solid-state accumulator holder 2 by means of a pair of elastomeric tension springs 20 and a pair of holding elements 21, 22.

[0067] List of reference symbols (part of the description)

[0068] A preferred direction of size change; stretch-Zcompression direction

[0069] X longitudinal direction; depth

[0070] Y transverse direction; width

[0071] Z vertical direction; height

[0072] X, Y horizontals; horizontal plane

[0073] 1 , 2 Solid-state accumulator system

[0074] 1 solid-state accumulator

[0075] 10 battery cells

[0076] 2 solid-state battery holder

[0077] 20 (elastomer) tension springs; (elastomer) tension spring elements

[0078] 20a Pull points; straps, eyelets

[0079] 20b Support element; traverse

[0080] 20c Tension member, reinforcement layer; fabric

[0081] 21 first upper support elements; first upper support plates; first upper end plate

[0082] 21a Hook of the first, upper support element 21

[0083] 22 second, lower support elements; second, lower support plates; second, lower end plate

[0084] 22a Hook of the second, lower support element

Claims

Patent claims 1. Solid-state accumulator system (1 , 2) with at least one solid-state accumulator (1 ) with a preferred size change direction (A) and with at least one solid-state accumulator holder (2) which is designed to counteract the size change of the solid-state accumulator (1 ) in the size change direction (A) by means of at least one tension spring (20).

2. Solid-state accumulator system (1 , 2) according to claim 1 , wherein the tension spring (20) is further configured to exert a preload on the solid-state accumulator (1 ).

3. Solid-state accumulator system (1 , 2) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tension spring (20) comprises an elastomeric material, preferably consisting of an elastomeric material.

4. Solid-state accumulator system (1 , 2) according to claim 3, wherein the elastomeric material is an ethylene propylene diene rubber, a natural rubber or silicone.

5. Solid-state accumulator system (1 , 2) according to one of claims 3 or 4, wherein the elastomeric tension spring (20) surrounds the solid-state accumulator (1 ) at least partially, preferably completely, endlessly.

6. Solid-state accumulator system (1 , 2) according to claim 5, wherein several endlessly closed elastomeric tension springs (20) are arranged parallel to each other and jointly enclose the solid-state accumulator (1 ) at least partially, preferably completely, endlessly. A solid-state accumulator system (1, 2) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein several endless closed elastomeric tension springs (20) are arranged one above the other and together enclose the solid-state accumulator (1) at least partially, preferably completely, in an endless manner. A solid-state accumulator system (1, 2) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the elastomeric tension spring (20) wraps around the solid-state accumulator (1) at least partially, preferably completely, and / or at least in a single layer, preferably in multiple layers. A solid-state accumulator system (1, 2) according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein the solid-state accumulator (1) is enclosed by the elastomeric tension spring (20) in an arc-shaped, preferably semicircular, manner in the preferred direction of size change (A).Solid-state accumulator system (1, 2) according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein the solid-state accumulator (1) is enclosed by the elastomeric tension spring (20) in the preferred sizing direction (A) in a plane perpendicular to the preferred sizing direction (A) and is preferably arcuate, preferably semicircular, towards the outside. Solid-state accumulator system (1, 2) according to any one of claims 3 or 4, wherein at least one pair of elastomeric tension springs (20) are arranged parallel to the solid-state accumulator (1) along the preferred sizing direction (A) and are each connected at their open end in the preferred sizing direction (A) to a retaining element (21, 22). wherein the elastomeric tension springs (20) and the retaining elements (21, 22) enclose the solid-state accumulator (1) at least sectionally, preferably completely, indefinitely. Solid-state accumulator system (1, 2) according to claim 11, wherein the open ends of the elastomeric tension springs (20) are connected to the retaining elements (21, 22) by a material bond, a force bond, and / or a form bond. Solid-state accumulator system (1, 2) according to one of claims 11 or 12, wherein the solid-state accumulator (1) is enclosed by the retaining elements (21, 22) in the preferred sizing direction (A) in a planar manner perpendicular to the preferred sizing direction (A).Solid-state accumulator system (1, 2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solid-state accumulator holder (2), preferably the elastomeric tension spring (20) and / or the holders (21, 22), has at least one pair of tension points (20a) which are configured to widen the solid-state accumulator holder (2) by pulling. Solid-state accumulator system (1, 2) according to any one of claims 3 to 14, wherein the elastomeric tension spring (20) has at least one tension member element (20c) in the direction of the preferred sizing direction (A), wherein the tension member element (20c) is preferably a reinforcing layer (20c), preferably in the form of a fabric (20c), wherein the reinforcing layer (20c) preferably comprises, or preferably consists of, plastic fibers and / or natural fibers. Solid-state battery system (1, 2) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising several battery cells (10) arranged in the preferred direction of size change (A) and / or perpendicular to the preferred direction of size change (A), wherein the solid-state battery holder (2) is configured to counteract the size change of all battery cells (10) in the direction of size change (A) by means of at least one tension spring (20). Solid-state battery holder (2) for use in a solid-state battery system (1, 2) according to one of the preceding claims.

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