Profile assembly with fire-resistant insert

Abstract

Described and illustrated is a profile arrangement (1,20,23,25,30,40,50) preferably for windows, doors or facade elements, with two metallic profile elements (2) and at least one fire protection insert (5,21,32,42,51) provided at least sectionally between the profile elements (2), wherein the fire protection insert (5,21,32,42,51) has at least one ablative coolant (8). In order to better meet fire protection requirements simply and at low cost, it is provided that the fire protection insert (5,21,32,42,51) has two spaced-apart mounting elements (6,22,31,41,52) each carrying at least one ablative coolant (8) and at least one connecting element (10) connecting the mounting elements (6,22,31,41,52) and that each of the two profile elements (2) is assigned a mounting element (6,22,31,41,52) of the fire protection insert (5,21,32,42,51).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a profile arrangement, preferably for windows, doors or facade elements, with two metallic profile elements and at least one fire protection insert provided at least partially between the profile elements, wherein the fire protection insert has at least one ablative coolant.

[0002] Profile assemblies for windows, doors, facade elements, or the like have long been known in various designs. Typically, these profile assemblies are thermally insulated profile assemblies in which a metallic profile element is provided facing the outer sides. At least one of the profile elements forms at least part of a visible side of the profile assembly. Often, however, the two opposing profile elements each form parts of the opposite visible sides of the profile assembly. To prevent cold bridges between the metallic profile elements, the profile elements are typically connected to one another in a core area via so-called plastic insulating bars. The insulating bars are designed to conduct only a small amount of heat from one profile element to the other.However, insulating bars could also be omitted if necessary, for example, because other means of thermal insulation are provided or because the profile arrangement does not require high thermal insulation. Corresponding thermally insulated profile arrangements are known, for example, from DE 10 2011 117 070 A1, EP 2 116 685 A2, and EP 3 447 229 A1.

[0003] Profile assemblies of this type, whether thermally insulated or not, are subject to certain fire protection requirements for many applications. For example, the profile assemblies must withstand a fire for a certain period of time. To achieve this, it has already been proposed to equip the profile assemblies with fire protection inserts containing an ablative coolant that releases water under the influence of heat in the event of a fire, thus cooling the profile element. This retains the heat for a certain period of time and, if necessary, prevents the profile element from melting or from being damaged in any other way, or only after a time delay. This should extend the service life of the profile element or the profile assembly as a whole in the event of a fire.

[0004] An ablative coolant is a material that can also be referred to as an ablative building material. The coolant extracts some of the heat generated in the event of a fire from the environment through chemical and / or physical processes in order to cool the profile element. The coolant can, for example, at least partially ceramize, evaporate, sublimate, or melt and will usually contain hydrated minerals that can release water. These are then referred to as mineral coolants. After the chemical and / or physical processes that cause the cooling are complete, a non-combustible mass often remains, which also acts as a thermal insulator. The coolant expands comparatively little when exposed to heat.

[0005] In addition to ablative coolants, intumescent materials are also known from the fire protection sector, which can also be referred to as intumescent materials. These occupy a comparatively small volume at room temperature, but expand considerably under the influence of heat, at approximately 150°C to 200°C. The intumescent material can expand into a foam until a highly thermally insulating, largely thermally stable foam layer forms, which at least temporarily protects the parts of profile elements located behind or enclosed by the corresponding insulation layer from absorbing excessive heat. The volume of the intumescent material increases, for example, by at least a factor of 10, preferably by at least a factor of 20, in particular by at least a factor of 40.

[0006] In the event of a fire, wavelength-selective materials or wavelength-selective coatings can also contribute to protecting the profile elements. These materials exhibit low emissivity and are therefore also referred to as "low-E" materials. These can be metals or metal oxides, such as zinc oxide. Low emissivity means that the materials radiate a small amount of heat. This amount of heat is significantly smaller than that of the substrate to which the wavelength-selective materials are applied. The emissivity can be reduced by at least a factor of 2, preferably by at least a factor of 3, in particular by at least a factor of 5.

[0007] The existing profile arrangements equipped with fire protection systems exhibit only partially satisfactory properties. Therefore, further improvements are still needed.

[0008] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to design and develop the profile arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset and explained in more detail above in such a way that the fire protection requirements can be better met in a simple manner and at low cost.

[0009] This object is achieved in a profile arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1 in that the fire protection insert has two mounting elements spaced apart from one another, each carrying at least one ablative coolant, and at least one connecting element connecting the mounting elements, and in that a mounting element of the fire protection insert is assigned to each of the two profile elements.

[0010] It has already been proposed to assign separate fire protection inserts to the two profile elements in order to cool each profile element with its own ablative coolant. The use of a fire protection insert with two spaced-apart mounting elements, each carrying at least one ablative coolant and assigned to opposite profile elements, has the advantage that the profile arrangement is more stable in the event of a fire and the corresponding elements retain their position better. The coolants can therefore fulfill their predetermined function much more effectively. Furthermore, it has been shown that the disadvantages associated with connecting the mounting elements via the connecting element are tolerable compared to the advantages to be achieved in the event of a fire. The fire protection insert is not only more complex to manufacture and more expensive, but also leads to increased weight.In addition, the connecting element forms a kind of cold bridge between the two profile elements.

[0011] In a first particularly preferred embodiment of the profile arrangement, the fire protection insert is connected to the two profile elements, in particular separately. In the case of a separate connection, it is therefore not the case that the fire protection insert is connected directly to one profile element and then ultimately to the other profile element via this. It is also not the case that the fire protection insert is directly connected to another component of the profile arrangement, such as an insulating bar, and thus to the two profile elements. This ultimately serves to stabilize the profile arrangement in the event of a fire. For the same reason, it may be advisable for the fire protection insert to be connected directly and / or positively to the two profile elements. For the purposes of simple construction and easy assembly, it can be useful if the fire protection insert is connected to the profile elements via the assembly elements.

[0012] The fire protection insert can also be installed particularly easily by inserting it. This is especially true if the insertion occurs in the longitudinal direction of the profile elements, the profile arrangement, and / or the fire protection insert. Irrespective of this, at least one profile element can have a preferably U-shaped and / or C-shaped receptacle for inserting the fire protection insert.

[0013] To ensure safe and reliable positioning of the fire protection insert, even in the event of a fire, the fire protection insert can be held in a form-fitting manner in at least one direction at two different holding sections of a profile element. This is even more effective if this applies in two opposite directions. To dissipate the forces that occur, it is advisable if these two directions point from one profile element to the other and run transversely to the longitudinal extension of the profile elements, the profile arrangement, and / or the fire protection insert.

[0014] Alternatively or additionally, the fire protection insert can be positively secured to holding sections on each of the two profile elements in two other opposite directions. These directions can then run between the profile elements and / or perpendicular to the previously described directions. In any case, however, these directions preferably run transversely to the longitudinal extension of the profile elements, the profile arrangement, and / or the fire protection insert.

[0015] If the fire protection insert is made of metal, it is sufficiently stable even in the event of a fire and can be easily manufactured using minimal material. This is especially true for steel, especially stainless steel. Aluminum offers the additional advantage of low weight. The profile elements can also be made of aluminum or steel, so that simple production of the profile elements can be combined with high rigidity. Regardless of the material chosen, rigidity can be increased by designing at least one profile element as a hollow profile.

[0016] For a fire protection insert that is easy to manufacture and at the same time lightweight, it is advisable if it is made from a formed sheet metal strip. Alternatively or additionally, the fire protection insert can also have a large number of webs, at least in sections. The webs are preferably spaced apart from one another, in particular far enough to ensure sufficient stability of the fire protection insert, in particular of the connecting element. This can save weight and reduce heat conduction across the fire protection insert. This is particularly expedient if the webs are provided in the region of the connecting element. The webs can preferably be aligned at least substantially in the direction of the connection between the two assembly elements via the connecting element. It is particularly simple if the webs are aligned at least substantially parallel to one another.

[0017] It is easy to manufacture yet stable if the fire protection insert has an at least substantially H-shaped cross-section transverse to the longitudinal direction of the fire protection insert and / or transverse to the longitudinal direction of the profile elements. A Z-shaped cross-section is even easier to produce by forming. A U-shaped cross-section can save material and thus be cost-effective. Alternatively or additionally, at least one mounting element can have a U-shaped cross-section and / or C-shaped cross-section transverse to the longitudinal direction of the mounting element, for example to stiffen the mounting element or to facilitate installation.

[0018] The U-shaped cross-section and / or C-shaped cross-section of the at least one mounting element can also expediently accommodate the coolant of the associated mounting element. The U-shaped cross-section and / or C-shaped cross-section of the at least one mounting element is open to the associated profile element to ensure cooling of the profile element by the ablative coolant.

[0019] In principle, it is expedient for cooling the profile elements if the at least one ablative coolant is arranged on the side of the mounting element facing the associated profile element, in particular between the associated profile element and the associated mounting element.

[0020] To further increase the resistance and service life of the profile arrangement in the event of a fire, the fire protection insert or at least one mounting element can contain at least one intumescent layer. The intumescent layer increases its volume in the event of a fire and at least partially and at least temporarily protects the area behind it or the area of ​​the profile arrangement enclosed by the intumescent layer from the effects of heat.

[0021] Alternatively or additionally, the fire protection insert or at least one mounting element can comprise a wavelength-selective material. For simplicity, this can be a coating made of a wavelength-selective material. The wavelength-selective material emits a lower heat flux than would be the case for the fire protection insert or the at least one mounting element without the wavelength-selective material. In this way, the profile arrangement is at least partially and at least temporarily protected from the effects of heat.

[0022] A mineral coolant, particularly one containing a hydrated mineral, is suitable as an ablative coolant because of its preferred cooling effect.

[0023] It is particularly useful if the ablative coolant includes an intumescent layer, allowing it to perform various functions in parallel or sequentially. Alternatively or additionally, it may also be useful for the intumescent layer to include an ablative coolant for the same reason. Of course, separate layers of intumescent layer and ablative coolant, and / or mixtures thereof, can also be provided.

[0024] If the intumescent material is arranged on the side of the at least one mounting element facing away from the associated profile element, the profile element can be cooled by the coolant, and the profile element or the opposite profile element can be at least partially shielded from the effects of heat in the event of a fire. Alternatively or additionally, the wavelength-selective material can be arranged on the side of the at least one mounting element facing away from the associated profile element. This also prevents increased heat emission toward at least one of the two profile elements, while the profile element associated with the coolant can be cooled by the coolant.

[0025] To easily provide a thermally insulated profile arrangement, the two profile elements are connected to each other via insulating bars, if necessary. It is expedient to provide at least two insulating bars on opposite sides of the fire protection insert, particularly adjacent to the fire protection insert. In other words, the fire protection insert is positioned between two, particularly adjacent, insulating bars. In this way, the fire protection insert can be integrated into the profile arrangement in a space-saving manner while simultaneously being sufficiently large to significantly increase the service life of the profile arrangement in the event of a fire.

[0026] To ensure good thermal insulation of the profile arrangement, the insulating bars can be made of a material with a lower specific thermal conductivity than the material of the profile elements. Plastic is particularly suitable for this purpose, as the insulating bars can also be easily manufactured in suitable shapes.

[0027] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing which merely illustrates exemplary embodiments. The drawing shows Fig. 1 shows a first profile arrangement according to the invention in a sectional view transverse to the longitudinal extent of the profile arrangement, Fig. 2A-C shows a second profile arrangement according to the invention in three different variants in a sectional view transverse to the longitudinal extent of the profile arrangement, Fig. 3 shows a third profile arrangement according to the invention in a sectional view transverse to the longitudinal extent of the profile arrangement, Fig. 4 shows a fourth profile arrangement according to the invention in a sectional view transverse to the longitudinal extent of the profile arrangement and Fig. 5 shows a fifth profile arrangement according to the invention in a sectional view transverse to the longitudinal extent of the profile arrangement.

[0028] In the Fig. 1 A profile arrangement 1 with two outer profile elements 2 is shown, which can optionally be part of a window frame, a door frame, or a facade frame. However, the actual application of the profile arrangement 1 is of secondary importance in this case. The profile elements 2 are made of aluminum and designed as hollow profiles. The profile arrangement 1 is designed as a heat-insulating profile arrangement 1, in which the profile elements 2 are connected to one another via plastic insulating bars 3. For this purpose, the insulating bars 3 are inserted with their free ends into corresponding grooves 4 of the profile elements 2.

[0029] Furthermore, a fire protection insert 5 made of steel is provided between the insulating webs 3, which comprises two mounting elements 6, each assigned to opposite profile elements 2 and connected to the opposite profile elements 2. The mounting elements 6 also carry ablative coolants 7 on their sides facing the associated profile elements 2. The coolants 7 are therefore provided on opposite, outward-facing sides of the fire protection insert 5. The mounting elements 6 carry an intumescent layer former 8 on the sides facing away from the associated profile elements 2, i.e. the mutually facing sides of the mounting elements 6. The mounting elements 6 are inserted into receptacles 9 of the profile elements 2 and held there in a form-fitting manner. In addition, the mounting elements 6 are connected to one another via a connecting element 10.The fire protection insert 5 is thus Z-shaped in cross section, with the cross section running in the plane of the drawing and thus transverse to the longitudinal extension of the fire protection insert 5.

[0030] The receptacles 9 of the profile elements 2 for receiving the mounting elements 6 are at least substantially C-shaped in cross-section and open towards opposite sides. The free ends 11 of the C-shaped receptacles 9 each form holding sections 12 for the positively locking reception of the mounting elements 6. The holding sections 12 of each receptacle 9 hold the associated mounting element 6 in opposite directions R1, R2 and form stops for the mounting elements 6 in these directions R1, R2. The right-hand receptacle 9 forms holding sections 12 and stops to prevent the mounting element 6 from being pulled out in the direction R1 of the opposite left-hand receptacle 9 or the left profile element 2. The left-hand receptacle 9, in turn, forms holding sections 12 and stops to prevent the mounting element 6 from being pulled out in the direction R2 of the opposite right-hand receptacle 9 or the right profile element 2, i.e. in the opposite direction R2.The aforementioned directions R1, R2 preferably extend in the plane of the drawing and thus transversely to the longitudinal extent of the fire protection insert 5.

[0031] The receptacles 9 of the profile elements 2 for the mounting elements 6 also each form two further holding sections 13, 14, which represent stops for the mounting elements 6. The holding sections 13, 14 and / or stops limit displacement of the mounting elements 6 in opposite directions R3, R4 parallel to the gap between the profile elements 2. In each of these directions R3, R4, the displacement of the fire protection insert 5 is limited by a holding section 13, 14 and / or stop of each receptacle 9.

[0032] In the Fig. 2A-C Three similar variants of an alternative profile arrangement 20 are shown. The profile arrangement 20 corresponds in many respects to the profile arrangement 1 of the Fig. 1 Therefore, the same reference numerals are used for identical components and only the differences are discussed below. A difference in the profile arrangement 20 according to Fig. 2A consists in the fact that the fire protection insert 21 forms an at least substantially H-shaped cross-section. In addition, the mounting elements 22 are designed with a U-shaped cross-section in which the coolant 7 is arranged. The U-shaped cross-sections of the mounting elements 22 are open in the direction of the associated profile elements 2. Furthermore, the insulating layer former 8 is provided on both sides of the connecting element 23, which extends at least substantially perpendicular to the mounting elements 22. The insulating layer former 8 extends at least substantially over the entire width of the openings of the C-shaped receptacles 9 of the profile elements 2.

[0033] The profile arrangement 23 according to Fig. 2B differs from the profile arrangement 20 according to Fig. 2A in that a wavelength-selective material 24 is provided instead of the insulating layer 8. The wavelength-selective material 24 is provided on the sides of the mounting elements 22 facing away from the coolant 7 and facing each other. The wavelength-selective materials 24 extend at least substantially across the entire width of the openings of the C-shaped receptacles 9 of the profile elements 2.

[0034] The profile arrangement 25 according to Fig. 2C differs from the profile arrangement 20,23 according to Fig. 2A-B in that an insulating layer former 8 and a wavelength-selective material 24 are provided in superimposed layers on the sides of the mounting elements 22 facing away from the coolant 7 and facing each other. The layers extend at least substantially across the entire width of the openings of the C-shaped receptacles 9 of the profile elements 2.

[0035] In the Fig. 3 another alternative profile arrangement 30 is shown, which differs from the profile arrangement 20,23,25 of the Fig. 2A-C differs only in that the mounting elements 31 of the fire protection insert 32 are not plate-shaped, but have at least substantially U-shaped, in particular C-shaped receptacles for receiving an intumescent layer 8 on their rear sides facing away from the associated profile elements 2 and facing one another. Instead of the intumescent layer 8 or in addition to the intumescent layer 8, a wavelength-selective material 24 could be provided.

[0036] In the Fig. 4 another alternative profile arrangement 40 is shown, which differs from the profile arrangement 20,23,25 of the Fig. 2A-C differs only in that the mounting elements 41 of the fire protection insert 42 have edges 43 that engage positively around the free ends of the C-shaped receptacles 9 of the profile elements 2 from the outside to the inside with respect to the receptacles 9. On the sides facing away from the profile elements 2, intumescent layers 8 are provided which are located outside the C-shaped receptacles 9 of the profile elements 2 and extend laterally beyond the openings of the C-shaped receptacles 9 of the profile elements 2. Instead of the intumescent layer 8 or in addition to the intumescent layer 8, a wavelength-selective material 24 could be provided.

[0037] In the Fig. 5 another alternative profile arrangement 50 is shown, which differs from the profile arrangement 1 of the Fig. 1differs in that the fire protection insert 51 is at least substantially U-shaped and engages with its mounting elements 52 forming the lateral U-legs in a form-fitting manner in the at least substantially C-shaped receptacles 9 of the profile elements 2 and in doing so engages positively behind the free ends 11 of the C-shaped receptacles 9. The intumescent layers 8 provided on opposite sides of the mounting elements 52 extend over a width which is significantly smaller than the width of the opening of the C-shaped recesses 9 of the profile element 2. Instead of the intumescent layer 8 or in addition to the intumescent layer 8, a wavelength-selective material 24 could be provided. List of reference symbols

[0038] 1 Profile arrangement 2 Profile element 3 Insulating web 4 Groove 5 Fire protection insert 6 Mounting element 7 Ablative coolant 8 Insulating layer former 9 Receptacle 10 Connecting element 11 Free end 12 Holding section 13 Holding section 14 Holding section 20 Profile arrangement 21 Fire protection insert 22 Mounting element 23 Profile arrangement 24 Wavelength-selective material 25 Profile arrangement 30 Profile arrangement 31 Mounting element 32 Fire protection insert 40 Profile arrangement 41 Mounting element 42 Fire protection insert 43 Edge 50 Profile arrangement 51 Fire protection insert 52 Mounting element R1-R4 Direction

Claims

1. Profile arrangement (1, 20, 23, 25, 30, 40, 50) preferably for windows, doors or facade elements, with two metallic profile elements (2) and at least one fire protection insert (5, 21, 32, 42, 51) provided at least partially between the profile elements (2), wherein the fire protection insert (5, 21, 32, 42, 51) has at least one ablative coolant (8), characterized in that the fire protection insert (5,21,32,42,51) has two mounting elements (6,22,31,41,52) spaced apart from one another, each carrying at least one ablative coolant (8), and at least one connecting element (10) connecting the mounting elements (6,22,31,41,52), and in that a mounting element (6,22,31,41,52) of the fire protection insert (5,21,32,42,51) is assigned to each of the two profile elements (2).

2. Profile arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in thatthe fire protection insert (5,21,32,42,51) is connected to the two profile elements (2), preferably separately, in particular directly and / or positively, and / or that the fire protection insert (5,21,32,42,51) is connected to the profile elements (2) via the mounting elements (6,22,31,41,52).

3. Profile arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fire protection insert (5,21,32,42,51) is connected to the profile elements (2) by inserting them, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the profile elements (2), into preferably U-shaped or C-shaped receptacles (9) of the profile elements (2).

4. Profile arrangement according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in thatthe fire protection insert (5, 21, 32, 42, 51) is held in a form-fitting manner on each of the two profile elements (2) in two opposite directions (R1, R2) each pointing from one profile element (2) to the other profile element (2) transversely to the longitudinal extent of the profile elements (2) on two spaced-apart holding sections (12) and / or that the fire protection insert (5, 21, 32, 42, 51) is held in a form-fitting manner on each of the two profile elements (2) in two opposite directions (R3, R4) each running between the profile elements (2) transversely to the longitudinal extent of the profile elements (2) on one holding section (13, 14).

5. Profile arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in thatthe fire protection insert (5,21,32,42,51) is formed from a metal, preferably from aluminum or steel, in particular stainless steel, and / or that the profile elements (2) are formed from aluminum or steel and / or that the profile elements (2) are designed as hollow profiles.

6. Profile arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the fire protection insert (5,21,32,42,51) is made from a formed sheet metal strip and / or that the fire protection insert (5,21,32,42,51) has a plurality of webs in sections, preferably in the region of the connecting element (10).

7. Profile arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in thatthe fire protection insert (5,21,32,42,51) has an at least substantially H-shaped, Z-shaped or U-shaped cross-section transverse to the longitudinal direction of the fire protection insert (5,21,32,42,51) and / or the profile elements and / or that the at least one mounting element (22,31,41,52) has a U-shaped cross-section transverse to the longitudinal direction of the mounting element (22,31,41,52).

8. Profile arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the coolant (7) of the associated mounting element (22, 41, 52) is accommodated in the U-shaped cross section of the at least one mounting element (22, 41, 52) and that, preferably, the U-shaped cross section is open to the associated profile element (2).

9. Profile arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in thatthe at least one ablative coolant (7) is arranged on the side of the mounting element (6, 22, 31, 41, 52) facing the associated profile element (2), in particular between the associated profile element (2) and the associated mounting element (6, 22, 31, 41, 52).

10. Profile arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the fire protection insert (5, 21, 32, 42, 51), in particular at least one mounting element (6, 22, 31, 41, 52), has at least one insulating layer former (8) and / or that the fire protection insert (21), in particular at least one mounting element (22), has a wavelength-selective material (24), in particular a wavelength-selective coating.

11. Profile arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in thatthe ablative coolant (7) comprises at least one mineral, in particular hydrated mineral, and / or that the ablative coolant (7) comprises an intumescent layer former (8) and / or the intumescent layer former (8) comprises an ablative coolant (7).

12. Profile arrangement according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the insulating layer former (8) is arranged on the side of the at least one mounting element (6, 22, 31, 41, 52) facing away from the associated profile element (2) and / or that the wavelength-selective material (24) is arranged on the side of the at least one mounting element (22) facing away from the associated profile element (2).

13. Profile arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in thatthe two profile elements (2) are connected to one another via insulating webs (3) and that, preferably, at least two insulating webs (3) are provided on opposite sides of the fire protection insert (5,21,32,42,51) adjacent to the fire protection insert (5,21,32,42,51).

14. Profile arrangement according to claim 13, characterized in that the insulating webs (3) are formed from a material with a lower specific thermal conductivity compared to the material of the profile elements (2) and that, preferably, the insulating webs (3) are formed from plastic.

Images