A mechanical pressurized air supply structure for antechamber of a building

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mechanical pressurized air supply structure for an antechamber of a building, comprising an air inlet pipe, a pressurized air supply fan, an electric regulating valve, a 70°C fire damper, an electric normally closed valve, a pressurized air supply port, a residual pressure sensor, an air supply main pipe and an air supply branch pipe, wherein the air inlet pipe and the pressurized air supply fan are arranged in a special fan room, and the air supply main pipe is laid in a civil engineering air shaft; the air supply branch pipe passes through a partition wall of the civil engineering air shaft and is laid on the top of an upturned beam bottom of an antechamber, the air supply branch pipe is connected with the air supply main pipe, the air inlet pipe is connected with the pressurized air supply fan, the pressurized air supply fan is connected with the air supply main pipe through the electric regulating valve and the 70°C fire damper in sequence, and the air supply branch pipe entering the antechamber of each floor is provided with an electric normally closed valve and a pressurized air supply port. The utility model arranges an upturned beam at the partition wall of the civil construction air shaft so that the top of the pressurized air supply branch pipe is close to the upturned beam and the bottom is almost level with the bottom of the top plate of the front room, and is laid to connect to the front room. The air duct occupies a small net height of the front room, and at the same time, a suspended ceiling decoration is adopted to eliminate the influence of the air supply branch pipe extending into the front room on the visual impact of the front room.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of building ventilation, in particular to a mechanical pressurized air supply structure for a building front room. Background Art

[0002] According to the Technical Standard for Smoke and Exhaust Systems in Buildings (GB51251-2017), when the mechanical pressurized air supply outlets of independent antechambers, shared antechambers and shared antechambers (hereinafter collectively referred to as antechambers) are set at the top of the antechambers or on the wall facing the entrance of the antechambers, the stairwells can use a natural ventilation system; when the mechanical pressurized air supply outlets are not set at the top of the antechambers or on the wall facing the entrance of the antechambers, the stairwells should use a mechanical pressurized air supply system. During the architectural design process, due to the diverse and differentiated design of the building core tube layout, the mechanical pressurized air supply outlets in the antechambers may not be able to face the wall facing the entrance of the antechambers. At this time, if the pressurized air supply branch pipe is attached to the bottom of the normal structural beam, the antechamber top air supply method is used. In most cases, it is limited by the building floor height and beam height and the antechamber top air supply solution cannot be used. In view of the above situation, the current traditional practice is to use mechanical pressurized air supply in the stairwell and antechamber at the same time. At this time, the antechamber pressurized air supply outlet uses side air supply and is not limited by the building floor height and beam height. Obviously, this traditional approach avoids the problem of the air supply branch pipe under the structural beam of the antechamber occupying the net height of the antechamber, but adds a set of pressurized air supply system serving the stairwell, including civil engineering air shaft, air supply machine room, pressurized air supply fan, air supply pipe, linkage control and other new investments. Another major drawback of the above traditional approach is that the stairwell that could have been naturally ventilated has to use mechanical pressurized air supply, and the openable windows in the stairwell should be changed to fixed windows. Because according to the "Technical Standard for Building Smoke and Exhaust Systems" (GB51251-2017), when a mechanical pressurized air supply system is installed in the stairwell or antechamber, in order to ensure that a positive pressure area is formed in the stairwell and antechamber during mechanical pressurized air supply to prevent smoke from spreading to the escape safety passage, fixed windows should be installed in the stairwell and fixed windows should be installed in the antechamber. HVAC designers gave priority to fire safety but ignored the need for regular ventilation of stairwells and antechambers, and preferred natural ventilation. They designed stairwells that could have been naturally ventilated into enclosed spaces where air cannot circulate. In particular, the stairwell windows of residential buildings were designed as fixed windows. As a result, they only let light in but not ventilation. Dust could not be discharged during renovation and cleaning, and accumulated odors could not be dispersed. The building became a "stifled can", triggering a large number of complaints from residents.

[0003] After searching and comparing, a terminal adjustable front room pressurized air supply system (publication number: CN 211146842U) was found. The main innovation of this patent is that a normally closed electric multi-page regulating valve is set on the air supply branch pipes on each floor, and the air volume and residual pressure of the front room are adjusted by the pressure difference detectors on each floor and the normally closed electric multi-page regulating valve. Similar patents such as the front room pressurized air supply system for healthy buildings and its control method (publication number: CN 114279054B) also set normally closed electric multi-page regulating valves on the air supply branch pipes on each floor as the main innovation. If the two patents are analyzed only from the perspective of ventilation theory, they are reasonable. However, when combined with the practicality and operability of the patents, such a complex pressurized air supply system design that does not consider economic costs has not been seen in fire protection practice. The reason is that in case of fire, only three pressurized air supply outlets of the fire floor and the adjacent upper and lower floors need to be opened in the antechamber. The vertical distance between the three air supply outlets is 3 to 5 meters according to the floor height. The resistance difference along the air supply duct is only 9 to 15 meters. The resistance along the three air supply outlet sections is small, the air volume difference between the air supply outlets is small, and the residual pressure variation range of the antechamber is small (25 to 30Pa). At the same time, it is affected by multiple factors such as the opening and closing of fire doors and the airtightness of windows. It is unrealistic and unnecessary to accurately control the air volume of each floor by linking the electric multi-page regulating valve at the end of the air supply branch pipe of each floor through the residual pressure variation feedback from each floor. The pressurized air supply system of the antechamber and the stairwell is also described in the pressurized air supply system (publication number: CN216814497U), which separates the ground and the underground. The pressurized air supply system of the stairwell and the antechamber on the ground shares a system, and the stairwell and the antechamber underground shares a system. Pressurized air supply system and building (publication number: CN 216409216U), the utility model mainly aims at the problem that the pressure relief valve is set on each floor to maintain the residual pressure in the front room, and the large size of the pressure relief valve has a great impact on the layout of the functional area of ​​the building, so the installation position of the pressure relief valve is optimized and improved, and the installation position of the pressure relief valve is adjusted to the pressurized air supply room (pressurized air supply machine room). However, the scope of application of the utility model also has obvious limitations, such as the required pressurized air supply machine room is large in area, occupying the building area of ​​the roof or other floors, such as a building with dozens of floors, it is necessary to install dozens of large-sized pressure relief valves in the fan room. In addition, the utility model does not consider a complete pressurized air supply system. For example, it lacks smoke detectors, manual opening devices for electric normally closed valves, and control of the total air volume at the fan outlet. At the same time, pressure relief valves are also installed in the vestibules of each floor to maintain the residual pressure in the vestibule. The pressure relief valves also have the defect of large size and area affecting the functional layout of the building, and the control mode is complex and has poor operability. It can be seen from the drawings of the patent that although the pressurized air supply branches on each floor enter horizontally through the air shaft partition wall, the occupancy of the net height of the vestibule by the pressurized air supply branches and the visual impact of the exposed air ducts on the vestibule are not considered, and the optimal relationship between the ventilation combination of the stairwell and the vestibule is not considered.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a mechanical pressurized air supply structure for the front room of a building to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a mechanical pressurized air supply structure for a building front room to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] A mechanical pressurized air supply structure for a building front room comprises an air inlet pipe, a pressurized air supply fan, an electric regulating valve, a 70°C fire damper, a pressurized air supply outlet, a residual pressure sensor, an air supply main pipe and an air supply branch pipe, wherein the air inlet pipe and the pressurized air supply fan are arranged in a special fan room, and the air supply main pipe is laid in a civil air shaft; the air supply branch pipe passes through the partition wall of the civil air shaft and is laid on the top of the bottom of the upturned beam of the front room, the air supply branch pipe is connected with the air supply main pipe, the air inlet pipe is connected with the pressurized air supply fan, the pressurized air supply fan is connected with the air supply main via the electric regulating valve and the 70°C fire damper in turn, and a pressurized air supply outlet is arranged at the connection point between the air supply branch pipe and the front room.

[0007] Preferably, an electric normally closed valve is provided in the air supply branch pipe, and a manual opening device is embedded in the partition wall of the civil construction air shaft, and the manual opening device is connected to the electric normally closed valve through a steel wire rope.

[0008] Preferably, a sealing gasket is provided at the place where the air supply branch pipe passes through the partition wall of the civil construction air shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the main air supply pipe is fixed in the civil air shaft through a support bracket, and the branch air supply pipe is fixed under the floor of the front room through a support bracket.

[0010] Preferably, the air supply branch pipe and the electric normally closed valve are both laid in the suspended ceiling of the front room.

[0011] Preferably, a protective net is provided at the air inlet of the air inlet duct.

[0012] Preferably, a residual pressure sensor is provided in each of the front chambers.

[0013] Preferably, the front room is provided with a fixed window, and the stairwell is provided with an openable window.

[0014] A system of mechanical pressurized air supply structure for an antechamber of a building comprises a pressurized air supply fan, an electric regulating valve, a residual pressure sensor, a 70°C fire damper, an electric normally closed valve and a fire linkage control module, wherein the pressurized air supply fan, the electric regulating valve, the residual pressure sensor, the 70°C fire damper and the electric normally closed valve are all electrically connected to the fire linkage control module.

[0015] Preferably, a smoke detector is also provided in the antechamber, and the smoke detector is connected to the fire linkage control module.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) The utility model cooperates with the structural professional to innovatively set an upturned beam at the partition wall of the civil building air shaft so that the top of the pressurized air supply branch pipe is close to the top of the upturned beam and the bottom is almost level with the bottom of the ceiling of the front room. The air duct occupies a small net height of the front room. At the same time, the ceiling decoration is adopted to eliminate the influence of the air supply branch pipe extending into the front room on the visual impact of the front room;

[0018] (2) The utility model only sets mechanical pressurized air supply in the front room, reducing the pressurized air supply system for the service staircase, including the additional investment of civil engineering air shaft, air supply machine room, pressurized air supply fan, air supply duct, linkage control, etc.;

[0019] (3) The utility model only has mechanical pressurized air supply in the front room, and the stairwell preferably uses openable external windows for natural ventilation. In the smoke prevention system, only the pressurized air supply system in the front room requires fire linkage. The system is simple and reliable, and takes into account the natural ventilation of the stairwell, meeting the needs of normal ventilation of the stairwell and giving priority to natural ventilation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the mechanical pressurized air supply of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 It is the plan layout of the antechamber of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical pressurized air supply structure of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a principle block diagram of the mechanical pressurized air supply system of the utility model.

[0024] Reference numerals in the figure: 1. air inlet duct; 2. pressurized air supply fan; 3. electric regulating valve; 4. 70℃ fire damper; 5. electric normally closed valve; 6. manual opening device; 7. pressurized air supply outlet; 8. residual pressure sensor; 9. air supply main pipe; 10. air supply branch pipe; 11. sealing gasket; 12. upward beam; 13. air shaft partition wall; 14. suspended ceiling; 15. support and hanger brackets; 16. fire linkage control module; 17. special fan room; 18. civil engineering air shaft; 19. antechamber; 20. fixed window; 21. air inlet; 22. protective net; 23. smoke detector; 24. stairwell; 25. openable window. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0026] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0029] like Figure 1 Combined with Figures 2 to 4 As shown, a mechanical pressurized air supply structure for a building vestibule comprises an air inlet pipe 1, a pressurized air supply fan 2, an electric regulating valve 3, a 70°C fire damper 4, a pressurized air supply port 7, a residual pressure sensor 8, an air supply main pipe 9 and an air supply branch pipe 10, wherein the air inlet pipe 1 and the pressurized air supply fan 2 are arranged in a special fan room 17, and the air supply main pipe 9 is laid in a civil air shaft 18; the air supply branch pipe 10 passes through a civil air shaft partition wall 13 and is laid on the top of an upturned beam 12 of an antechamber 19, the air supply branch pipe 10 is connected with the air supply main pipe 9, the air inlet pipe 1 is connected with the pressurized air supply fan 2, and the pressurized air supply fan 2 is connected with the air supply main pipe 9 through the electric regulating valve 3 and the 70°C fire damper 4 in turn, and the air supply branch pipe 10 is provided with a pressurized air supply port 7 at the connection point with the antechamber 19.

[0030] Furthermore, an electric normally closed valve 5 is provided in the air supply branch pipe 10, and a manual opening device 6 is embedded in the civil air shaft partition wall 13, and the manual opening device 6 is connected to the electric normally closed valve 5 through a steel wire rope.

[0031] Furthermore, a sealing gasket 11 is provided at the air supply branch pipe 10 and the partition wall 13 of the civil air shaft.

[0032] Furthermore, the main air supply pipe 9 is fixed in the civil air shaft 18 through the support bracket 15 , and the branch air supply pipe 10 is fixed under the floor of the front room 19 through the support bracket 15 .

[0033] Furthermore, the air supply branch pipe 10 and the electric normally closed valve 5 are both installed in the suspended ceiling 14 of the front room 19 .

[0034] The further technical solution has the beneficial effect of eliminating the influence of the air supply branch pipe 10 extending into the front room on the visual impact of the front room 19.

[0035] Furthermore, a protective net 22 is provided at the air inlet 21 of the air inlet pipe 1 .

[0036] The further technical solution has the beneficial effect that the protective net 22 can prevent large particles of impurities and foreign objects from entering the air supply main 9, and also provides safety protection for the pressurized air supply fan 2.

[0037] Furthermore, a residual pressure sensor 8 is provided in each of the front chambers 19 .

[0038] Furthermore, the front room 19 is provided with a fixed window 20 , and the stairwell 24 is provided with an openable window 25 .

[0039] The further technical solution has the following beneficial effects: the openable window 25 can be opened for natural ventilation at ordinary times, and the fire door between the vestibule 19 and the stairwell 24 can be opened in extremely hot weather to naturally ventilate the vestibule 19 and the stairwell 24 together.

[0040] A mechanical pressurized air supply system for a building vestibule includes a pressurized air supply fan 2, an electric regulating valve 3, a residual pressure sensor 8, a 70°C fire damper 4, an electric normally closed valve 5 and a fire linkage control module 16. The pressurized air supply fan 2, the electric regulating valve 3, the residual pressure sensor 8, the 70°C fire damper 4 and the electric normally closed valve 5 are all electrically connected to the fire linkage control module 16.

[0041] Furthermore, a smoke detector 23 is provided in the front room 2 , and the smoke detector 23 is connected to the fire linkage control module 16 .

[0042] The further technical solution has the beneficial effect that the smoke detector 23 monitors the fire smoke in the front room 19 and promptly feeds back the fire information to the fire linkage control module 16 for accurately understanding the spread of the fire.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] (1) In cooperation with the structural professionals, an upward-turned beam 12 is innovatively installed at the partition wall 13 of the civil building air shaft so that the top of the pressurized air supply branch pipe 10 is close to the upward-turned beam 12 and the bottom is almost level with the top plate bottom of the front room 19. The air supply branch pipe 10 is connected to the front room 19 with a small net height. At the same time, ceiling decoration is adopted to eliminate the visual impact of the air supply branch pipe 10 extending into the front room on the front room 19;

[0045] (2) Only the front room 19 is equipped with mechanical pressurized air supply, which reduces the pressurized air supply system for the service stairwell 24, including the new investment of civil engineering air shaft 18, dedicated fan room 17, pressurized air supply fan 2, air supply main 9, fire linkage control module 16, etc.;

[0046] (3) Only the antechamber 19 is equipped with mechanical pressurized air supply, and the stairwell 24 is preferably ventilated naturally through the openable windows 25. In the smoke prevention system, only the pressurized air supply system of the antechamber 19 requires fire linkage. The system is simple and reliable, and takes into account the natural ventilation of the stairwell 24, meeting the needs of the stairwell 24 for normal ventilation and giving priority to natural ventilation.

[0047] Working principle:

[0048] The pressurized air supply fan 2 is arranged in a special fan room 17, and the pressurized air supply fan 2 can be installed by hoisting or floor installation; the air inlet 21 is arranged on the partition wall of the special fan room and is connected to the inlet section of the air inlet pipe 1 connected to the pressurized air supply fan 2, and the air inlet 21 adopts rainproof shutters or a ventilation pipe with a downward curvature to take fresh air from the outside; the electric regulating valve 3 is arranged at the outlet section of the pressurized air supply machine 2; the 70℃ fire damper 4 is arranged at the connection between the outlet section of the pressurized air supply machine 2 and the civil air shaft 18, and the distance from the partition wall of the civil air shaft 18 is not more than 200mm; the air supply main pipe 9 is laid in the civil air shaft 18, and the air supply main pipe 9 is made of galvanized iron sheet. The arrangement of the air supply main pipe 9 in the civil air shaft 18 can reduce the ventilation resistance of the pressurized air supply system on the one hand, and the air supply wind speed limit value can be 30% higher than the air supply of the civil air shaft 18, which correspondingly reduces the area of ​​the civil air shaft 18 under the same air supply volume, and on the other hand, it is relatively The air supply from the civil air shaft 18 improves the airtightness of the entire pressurized air supply system and the supply of effective air volume, and reduces the air leakage of the system. The air supply main pipe 9 is 50 to 100 mm away from the wall of the civil air shaft, which is convenient for installing and fixing the air supply main pipe 9 with supports and hangers 15 in the civil air shaft. The installation spacing of the supports and hangers 15 is determined according to the size of the air supply main pipe 9, and is generally set at the beginning and end of the air supply main pipe 9 and the floor slabs of each floor; the air supply main pipe 9 goes down along the civil air shaft through the civil air shaft partition wall 13 and the air supply branch pipe 10 to bring fresh air into the antechamber 19 of each floor; the air supply branch pipe 10 passes through the civil air shaft partition wall 13 and is laid on the top of the upper flip beam 12. The upper flip beam 12 reduces the net height of the antechamber 19 occupied by the air supply branch pipe 10, and a sealing pad 11 is set at the place where the air supply branch pipe 10 passes through the civil air shaft partition wall 13; the sealing pad 11 is sealed with a flexible fireproof material to ensure the tightness and fire separation requirements of the pressurized air supply system.

[0049] The electric normally closed valve 5 is arranged on the air supply branch pipe 10. The electric normally closed valve 5 is normally kept closed and fixed by an independent support bracket 15. The manual opening device 6 is connected to the electric normally closed valve 5 by a steel wire rope. The height of the manual opening device 6 from the ground is H1, and H1 is generally 1.3 to 1.5 meters. When a fire occurs, the electric normally closed valve 5 can be opened by the manual opening device 6 and the pressurized air supply fan 2 can be started in conjunction. The pressurized air supply port 7 is opened at the bottom of the air supply branch pipe 10 and arranged flush with the ceiling 14. , the required amount of fresh air is sent into the front room 19, the pressurized air supply outlet 7 adopts a normally open air outlet, and can adopt a single-layer or double-layer louver air outlet to form an air supply form from the top of the front room 19. At this time, the stairwell 24 can adopt natural ventilation; the residual pressure sensor 8 is arranged in the front room 19 of each floor to monitor the pressure difference between the front room 19 and the corridor or room in the event of a fire; the fire linkage control module 16 is connected to the pressurized air supply fan 2, the electric regulating valve 3, the residual pressure sensor 8, the 70℃ fire damper 4, and the electric normally closed valve 5.

[0050] When a fire is confirmed in the fire compartment where the stairwell 24 is located, the pressurized air supply fan 2 is activated within 15 seconds, and the electric normally closed valve 5 of the antechamber 19 of the fire floor and its adjacent upper and lower floors is opened. The pressure difference between the antechamber 19 and the corridor or room in the event of a fire is monitored by the residual pressure sensor 8 installed in the antechamber 19 of each floor, and the valve opening of the electric regulating valve 3 is controlled to adjust the total air volume of the pressurized air supply system, thereby adjusting the air volume supplied to the antechamber 19 and maintaining the pressure difference between the antechamber 19 and the corridor or the outdoors at 25 to 30 Pa. Too large a pressure difference may make it difficult to open the evacuation door when personnel are evacuated, but too small a pressure difference will make it difficult to prevent smoke from entering the antechamber 19.

[0051] The total air volume of the pressurized air supply system in the embodiment of the utility model is Q0, and the air volume supplied to the antechamber 19 on each floor is marked as Q1, Q2, ... Qn according to the floor, and the unit is m3 / s. According to the law of conservation of air volume and fire control requirements, Q0 = (Qn + Qn-1 + Qn-2) max, that is, the maximum value of the sum of the air volumes of any three adjacent floors; the pressurized air supply volume required for each floor is related to the door opening size of each antechamber 19 leading to the corridor or room, and the minimum wind speed requirement of the door opening size must be met to ensure that the pressurized air supply volume maintains the positive pressure environment of the antechamber 19, and prevents the smoke in the corridor or room from spreading to the safe space of the antechamber 19 and the stairwell 24.

[0052] In the above embodiment, the width B of the air supply branch pipe 10 connected to the antechamber 19 of each floor through the civil engineering air shaft partition wall 13 should comprehensively consider the pressurized air supply volume Q2 entering the antechamber, the antechamber floor height H0, the antechamber ceiling net height H2, and the net height H3 required for installing the air supply branch pipe 10. The required net height H3 of the air supply branch pipe 10 should consider the comprehensive influence of the height H of the air supply branch pipe 10, the installation space required for the support bracket 15, the thickness of the ceiling 14, and the height of the ground leveling layer during the decoration process. When the maximum wind speed of the air supply branch pipe 10 is 20m / s, the minimum value of the height H of the air supply branch pipe 10 is Hmin=Q2 / B / 20.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical pressurized air supply structure for an antechamber of a building, characterized in that: The invention comprises an air inlet pipe (1), a pressurized air supply fan (2), an electric regulating valve (3), a 70°C fire damper (4), a pressurized air supply port (7), a residual pressure sensor (8), an air supply main pipe (9) and an air supply branch pipe (10), wherein the air inlet pipe (1) and the pressurized air supply fan (2) are arranged in a special fan room (17), the air supply main pipe (9) is laid in a civil air shaft (18); the air supply branch pipe (10) passes through a partition of the civil air shaft The wall (13) is laid on the bottom of the upturned beam (12) of the front room (19), the air supply branch pipe (10) is connected to the air supply main pipe (9), the air inlet pipe (1) is connected to the pressurized air supply fan (2), the pressurized air supply fan (2) is connected to the air supply main pipe (9) through the electric regulating valve (3) and the 70°C fire damper (4) in sequence, and the air supply branch pipe (10) is provided with a pressurized air supply port (7) at the place where it is connected to the front room (19).

2. A mechanical pressurized air supply structure for antechamber of a building as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An electric normally closed valve (5) is arranged in the air supply branch pipe (10), and a manual opening device (6) is embedded in the civil air shaft partition wall (13), and the manual opening device (6) is connected to the electric normally closed valve (5) via a steel wire rope.

3. A mechanical pressurized air supply structure for antechamber of a building as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing gasket (11) is provided at the air supply branch pipe (10) and the location where it passes through the partition wall (13) of the civil construction air shaft.

4. A mechanical pressurized air supply structure for antechamber of a building as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The main air supply pipe (9) is fixed in the civil construction air shaft (18) through a support bracket (15), and the branch air supply pipe (10) is fixed under the floor of the front room (19) through a support bracket (15).

5. A mechanical pressurized air supply structure for antechamber of a building as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The air supply branch pipe (10) and the electric normally closed valve (5) are both installed in the suspended ceiling (14) of the front room (19).

6. A mechanical pressurized air supply structure for antechamber of a building as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A protective net (22) is provided at the air inlet (21) of the air inlet pipe (1).

7. A mechanical pressurized air supply structure for antechamber of a building as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A residual pressure sensor (8) is arranged in each front chamber (19).

8. The mechanical pressurized air supply structure for antechamber of a building as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The front room (19) is provided with a fixed window (20), and the stairwell (24) is provided with an openable window (25).

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