Explosive load and kit for the individual assembly of an explosive load

Abstract

The invention relates to an explosive charge comprising a charge carrier (1, 10, 12), explosive (3), a detonator (6) in contact with the explosive (3) for detonating the explosive (3), and damping materials for dampening the explosive (3). Known explosive charges have the disadvantage that they require an excessively large safety distance due to flying fragments.This improves the invention in that the charge carrier (1, 10, 12) is designed in a can-like form and can be closed via a charge carrier lid (2, 11, 13) encapsulating the explosive (3) and the insulating material arranged in the charge carrier (1, 10, 12), wherein the detonator (6) can be inserted into the charge carrier (1, 10, 12) and, after insertion into the charge carrier (1, 10, 12), rests against the explosive (3), and wherein an elastic layer facing the object to be detonated is arranged in the charge carrier (1, 10, 12) as exposure-side insulation (5), a layer of the explosive (3) is arranged on the exposure-side insulation (5), and a layer as covering insulation (7) is arranged on the explosive (3).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a kit for the application-optimized assembly of an explosive charge at a blasting site.

[0002] When the explosive is detonated, an explosive charge generates a detonation wavefront with a predetermined shape, which is directed by means of a steering device with a larger energy component in a desired direction of exposure. The detonation wavefront typically propagates in all directions, but can be targeted by insulating the explosive charge. In a preferred application, these explosive charges are attached to a detonation site using an adhesive bond, particularly double-sided adhesive tape.

[0003] Generic explosive charges are known from EP 2 037 207 A2 and US 11 204 227 B2. These are quite compact explosive charges that are placed on a surface on which the pressure wave of the explosive force is intended to act. This serves to destroy or remove part of the surface or another part. One application of the explosive charges is, for example, to blow open doors. Such explosive charges are used, for example, by security forces when they need to enter buildings or apartments.

[0004] In the applications mentioned, it is necessary to attach the explosive charge to the blast site quickly and discreetly. Furthermore, people often need to be able to return to the area of ​​the blast site as quickly as possible after the blast. For example, when blowing open a door, it is often necessary for security personnel to be able to quickly push the door open and access the room behind it, for example, to prevent a wanted person from escaping. However, this requires that the security area remains as small as possible during the blast, so that the people triggering the blast do not have to retreat too far from the blast site.

[0005] Especially in rental apartments, security personnel often have to leave the floor to carry out the demolition safely and without endangering themselves, which subsequently requires too much time to enter the opened apartment. For the reasons mentioned above, the explosive charges are kept small and compact.

[0006] WO 2020 030902 A1 discloses such an explosive charge with a special design for suitable propagation of the detonation wave. The explosive charge comprises a lower insulating layer, a layer of explosive, and an upper insulating layer penetrated by a detonator cap that serves as a detonator and extends into the explosive.

[0007] EP 3 458 804 A1 discloses a holder for attaching an explosive charge for breaching a structure. The holder comprises a first layer of foam material and a second layer of foam material. The first layer comprises a first surface facing the target of the detonation wave and a second surface adjacent to a surface of the second layer. The second layer has a recess for receiving the explosive charge.

[0008] The two solutions mentioned above have the disadvantage that they still pose the risk of fragments flying around immediately after detonation. Therefore, a comparatively large safety distance must be maintained to minimize the risk of injury to the people triggering the explosion. Furthermore, the dosage and direction of the explosive effect are not optimal.

[0009] US Pat. No. 6,220,166 A describes a device and method for explosively penetrating hardened containers, such as steel drums, without causing metal fragmentation. The device is mounted in close proximity to the target and has a main explosive plate that is detonated at at least three equally spaced points along the plate's circumference. A damping material is located between the explosive plate and the target. This attenuates the metal fragments created when the detonator is detonated, thus preventing fragments of the detonator from being transferred to the target. The detonation creates an opening in the container. While the explosive charge can contain the spread of fragments from the detonator, it is less able to reduce the spread of fragments from the substrate being detonated.

[0010] US Pat. No. 7,337,703 B2 discloses a modular explosive device comprising a plurality of explosive elements. Each explosive element is configured with a groove for receiving a flexible explosive element capable of generating sufficient explosive force to detonate a structure. Each explosive element has a receptacle for inserting a detonator and a fastening device for attaching it to a structure. This modular explosive device has the advantage of being adaptable to the intended use, but has the disadvantage that the explosive elements cannot be deployed if people are too close to the detonation site.

[0011] The object of the invention is to create a kit for the application-optimized construction of an explosive charge in which a detonation wave can be applied in a targeted manner to a spatially limited area with the smallest possible area of ​​influence on the edge of the explosion and with the smallest possible spread of fragments, whereby the explosive charge should be able to be built up as individually as possible and as close as possible to the blasting site, for example in the last position of cover when approaching an object, so that the people who trigger the explosion can reach their target quickly and with the lowest possible explosive force.

[0012] This object is achieved according to the invention by a kit according to claim 1.

[0013] The kits according to the invention for the application-optimized construction of explosive charges are intended, in particular, for the targeted, spatially limited blasting or partial destruction of components, in particular locks or door frames, without, however, limiting their application to this. The aim of the blasting is to keep the effects of the detonation locally limited, in particular, for example, to maintain the basic function of the door after the lock has been blown open, so that the door can be opened quickly for immediate access.

[0014] According to the invention, the explosive force can be very precisely controlled and also precisely positioned. A particular advantage of the invention is that the formation of fragments and the flight of these fragments away from the blast site as a result of the detonation can be minimized. This not only protects the surrounding area and any people behind or to the sides of the blast site who might be surprised by the blast, but also those who trigger the blast and other people in the immediate vicinity.

[0015] In the context of this description, the blast site refers to the area upon which the explosive charge is intended to act in a preferred direction. If the door lock is removed, for example, this is the area of ​​the door leaf where the door lock is located. The exposure direction is then the direction in which the pressure wave of the detonation is intended to propagate in order to achieve the desired effect. Of course, this does not necessarily presuppose that a pressure wave will not also extend in other directions, which will usually not be preventable. However, the formation of fragments should be reduced and, in particular, the flight direction of unavoidable fragments should be influenced as far as possible in such a way that the danger to bystanders is reduced, so that the safety zone that must be maintained during the blasting can be kept as small as possible.

[0016] A further advantage of the invention is that the application-optimised reduction of the explosive force means that the functionality of a component on which the explosive force acts can be retained. For example, in the case of a door, it is desirable on the one hand that the door lock and thus the locking mechanism can be blown up. On the other hand, however, the door should still be able to be opened quickly so that the explosive force does not impair the function of the door hinges. The aim of this application is therefore to open the door with the least possible impact, thereby ensuring that the people opening the door and surprising a wanted person behind it do not have to move too far away from the door. On the other hand, to prevent the door from becoming jammed in the frame or otherwise blocked, which would result in further time being lost.

[0017] The effect described above is achieved in particular by using the charge carrier in conjunction with the special insulating material as a casing for the explosive. According to the invention, the explosive is stacked together with the insulating material, which is encapsulated in the cavity of the charge carrier, which serves as a housing. The insulating material and the material of the charge carrier prevent unnecessary fragmentation. At the same time, they form a protective shield for explosive charge fragments and fragments released from the blast site by the detonation, preventing these fragments and fragments from flying too far toward the people triggering the explosion.

[0018] A particularly advantageous embodiment of the explosive charge comprises a can-shaped charge carrier made, at least in some areas, of a material that reduces fragmentation. These are, in particular, the areas from which fragments are more likely to be released and hurled in a direction away from the blast site. This material can be, for example, a plastic, with an impact-resistant plastic, such as an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), polypropylene, polyethylene, or another partially elastic plastic, being particularly suitable.

[0019] Coating the outer surface of the charge carrier with a rubber-elastic material can also be an additional, useful measure to keep fragments generated by the explosion as close to the detonation area as possible. It is particularly important to use materials that do not fragment, as otherwise primary fragments would be created, which would increase the hazard area. The preferred material should be one whose fragments, if broken, are not sharp-edged or even pointed. Therefore, metallic materials or cross-linked plastics are often only useful with additional coatings or other measures to form the wall of the charge carrier. Further measures or other materials can, of course, be used to keep the required spatial area for protection against flying fragments as small as possible.

[0020] A further measure according to the invention consists in the use of a suitable insulating material. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, this insulating material is, for example, a granulate made of rubber or a rubber-like material. This can be natural rubber or a plastic. This material provides insulation so that the detonation force expands in a preferred direction, directed toward the explosion area. The insulation also forms a protective shield that limits the movement of fragments that form, for example, at the blast site, or slows down the fragments.

[0021] The housing-like charge carrier is preferably glued to the blast site. This can be done using double-sided adhesive tape. The desired stack of insulation material and explosive is first placed inside the housing of the charge carrier. This stack consists of insulation on the exposure side, a layer of explosive, and a covering layer of insulation on the opposite side of the explosive.

[0022] The structure of the stack to be positioned in the charge carrier can also vary depending on the application. For example, it may be possible to omit insulation on the exposure side while increasing the cover insulation. Ultimately, this depends on experience and the expected fragmentation effect. Since insulation on the exposure side always results in a certain reduction in the detonation force, even if the insulation layer remains thin, it may be advisable to omit it in cases where fragments are not expected to be released from the blast site. In particular, the insulation layer can be used to adjust whether the explosive charge has a more blasting or pushing effect.

[0023] The charge carrier can be designed as a round, oval, or square can and preferably has a lid that can be attached to the can as a base. In this case, the explosive charge is designed as a so-called explosive cylinder. Such explosive cylinders are typically used to push door locks out of the handle fittings' recesses into the interior space behind the door.

[0024] Naturally, the charge carrier should be able to absorb the forces due to the detonation pressure within it to such an extent that the desired force propagation in a preferred direction toward the blast site is possible. This preferred direction is determined by the arrangement of the explosive within the charge carrier and the thickness of the upper cover insulation. In addition, the material thickness of the charge carrier's walls or predetermined breaking points can also support directed pressure propagation. For example, the side of the charge carrier facing the blast site can have a thinner wall thickness or the aforementioned predetermined breaking points.

[0025] A further advantageous embodiment of the invention uses load carriers that have the shape of a hollow profile. These hollow profiles can preferably be formed by two sub-profiles that are inserted into one another. These sub-profiles can then be extended to the desired length, preferably with locking or fixing means that secure the length-adjustable sections after the length has been adjusted by pushing them together or pulling them apart.

[0026] To secure the upper charge carrier relative to the lower charge carrier, conventional locking devices with spring-loaded locking elements and locking recesses on the respective components can be used. A transition fit with a frictional force that prevents unintentional movement of the partial profiles relative to each other can also be used. Finally, fixing devices, either in the form of locking pins or in the form of an adhesive layer applied externally to both partial profiles, can be used to fix the charge carrier to the blast site. Ultimately, fixing the two parts of the charge carrier is only necessary until the charge carrier is attached to the blast site, when the explosive charge is conditioned so that the detonation pressure is directed against the blast site.

[0027] The partial profiles preferably have an angled section at their free ends, which is particularly angled at a right angle. This creates a "C"-shaped basic structure that can, for example, be placed around the hinges of a door to open the door from the hinge side rather than the lock side. The size of the load carrier depends on the desired application. To open the door, the angled section of the partial profiles, which can also be adjustable in length, has a length between 100 mm and 200 mm.

[0028] In the design described above, the length of the area between the two angled sections is adjustable; for example, an adjustment range of between 100 mm and 300 mm may be advantageous. This allows the load carrier to be adapted to the position and type of door hinge, so that the detonation can cause the door to be destroyed around the metal part of the hinge. If other applications are to be implemented, other dimensions are also possible. Furthermore, it is of course possible to provide the user with a variety of load carriers of different sizes, thus eliminating the need for adjustability.

[0029] The stacks of insulating materials and explosives described above are placed in the "C"-shaped charge carrier. In this respect, this charge carrier is no different from the can-shaped or cylindrical charge carrier. Both charge carrier shapes preferably have an adhesive underside, allowing the charge carrier to be attached to the blast site as quietly as possible, quickly and easily. This adhesive underside can be achieved using double-sided adhesive tape.

[0030] Once the charge carrier has been constructed and filled with the desired shape and spatial dimensions, in a preferred application, the detonator can be inserted into the charge carrier, with the detonator subsequently held by a detonator holder. The detonator extends into the explosive and can be activated via an ignition cable or a spark-generating, particularly remote-controlled, device to detonate the explosive. Examples of detonation options include a detonating cord, a detonating cord, radio-controlled detonators, and a detonator tube system known as a shock tube with instantaneous ignition without a time delay.

[0031] Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings.

[0032] In the drawings shows: Fig. 1 an explosive charge according to the invention designed as an explosive cylinder in three-dimensional representation, Fig. 2 the Figure 1 shown explosive charge in a side view, Fig. 3which in the Figures 1 and 2 shown explosive charge in a view from above, Fig. 4which in the Figures 1 to 3 shown explosive charge in a sectional view, Fig. 5 a variant of the Figure 3 shown explosive charge with a thicker layer of explosive in a side view, Fig. 6 a variant of the one in Figure 3 shown explosive charge with an even thicker layer of explosive in a side view, Fig. 7 another variant of the one in Figure 3 shown explosive charge without insulation on the exposure side in a side view, Fig. 8 an explosive charge with a height-adjustable charge carrier consisting of hollow profiles in a side view, Fig. 9 the in Figure 8illustrated explosive charge with the charge carrier pulled apart, Fig. 10 section AA from Figure 9 , Fig. 11which in Figure 8 illustrated explosive charge in a three-dimensional representation, Fig. 12, which in Figure 9 explosive charge shown in the extended position in a three-dimensional representation, Fig. 13, which in Figure 9 shown explosive charge in a side view and Fig. 14 the Figure 8 shown explosive charge in a side view.

[0033] In Figure 1An explosive charge according to the invention, designed here as an explosive cylinder, is shown. The explosive charge has a cylindrical, can-like base body with a flat underside as the charge carrier 1. A charge carrier cover 2 is attached to the base body. By rotating the charge carrier cover 2, this prevents displacement in the direction of the longitudinal axis, i.e., the intended exposure direction, until a pre-tension of the elements in the detonator 6 is reached, so that the detonation pressure can build up.

[0034] In the upper area of ​​the charge carrier lid 2, a detonator holder 4 is provided, into which a detonator 6 is inserted. This detonator has an electrical ignition cable 8, via which the ignition energy is transferred to the explosive 3 arranged in the interior of the charge carrier 1. Alternatively, a detonator hose system can also be used.

[0035] Figure 2shows the explosive cylinder in a side view. Figure 3 again shows a view from above. The geometry shown here is to be understood as an example; other geometries, particularly of the charge carrier lid 2, can also be provided, although this will ultimately depend on the application and the desired focus of the detonation pressure. For example, the charge carrier lid 2 can also have an outwardly curved surface, making it possible, for example, to arrange a larger quantity of explosive 3 in the central region of the charge carrier 1 than in the outer edge regions.

[0036] The Figures 4, 5 and 6 show the in the Figures 1 to 3The charge carrier 1 shown in a sectional view. It can be seen that the detonator 6 extends to the layer of explosive 3. The detonator 6 rests flush with the explosive 3 and does not extend into the explosive 3 to avoid the risk of fragmentation in the horizontal direction. The support must be flush to ensure the transmission of the detonation wave.

[0037] Above the layer of explosive 3, a covering insulation 7 is provided. This is a comparatively thick layer of insulating material, which can, for example, have a thickness between 10 mm and 50 mm, preferably 25 mm. The thickness of this covering insulation 7 ultimately depends on the material of the charge carrier 1 and the intended use of the explosive charge. The charge carrier lid 2 is implemented here via a can screw connection 9. The can screw connection 9 is a thread pair formed by an external thread on the outside of the can-like lower part of the charge carrier 1 and an internal thread on the inside of the charge carrier lid 2 projecting beyond the can-like upper part.

[0038] Below the layer of explosive 3, a significantly thinner layer of exposure-side insulation 5 is provided compared to the cover insulation 7. This layer rests on the bottom of the can-like lower part of the load carrier 1. The exposure-side insulation 5 and the cover insulation 7 can be made of the same material, but different materials can also be used. Since these areas will fly off due to the detonation of the explosive 3, they should be made of a material that does not form sharp fragments or shotgun shells. Elastic plastic or natural rubber particles in the form of granules are suitable for this purpose.

[0039] The granulate for forming the cover insulation 7 and the exposure-side insulation 5 can be loose, i.e., trickled into the can-like lower part of the load carrier 1, or can be more or less tightly bound into a layer via a matrix material. In the illustrated embodiment, all layers or plies of the stack of cover insulation 7, explosive 3, and exposure-side insulation 5 are formed as flat layers, each with a constant thickness, which extend across the entire cross-section of the can-like lower part of the load carrier 1. This is not always necessary; other embodiments of the invention, for example, use a layer of explosive 3 that is also surrounded laterally by insulating material. As already mentioned above, the flat configuration is not present in all possible embodiments.

[0040] Furthermore, the structure described above, in particular the sequence of covering insulation 7, explosive 3 and exposure-side insulation 5, is not always necessary or advantageous. For example, to create a pushing effect, it may be advantageous to follow the sequence as described above and in the Figures 4 to 6 shown.

[0041] If, however, a more explosive effect is desired, exposure-side insulation 5 can be omitted. In this case, the layer of explosive 3 is placed directly on the bottom of the load carrier 1. In order to completely fill the interior volume of the load carrier 1 and avoid disruptive cavities, the exposure-side insulation 5 shown in the figures can then be positioned together with the cover insulation 7 above the explosive 3. To ensure the desired structure can be implemented on site, the insulation material is preferably formed as a solid layer so that the desired sequence can be selected on site.

[0042] Ultimately, the above-described design with a solid insulation material and any arrangement of the insulation material, above or below the explosive 3, allows for the construction of a modular system. This modular system can also include different thicknesses of layers or plies for constructing the exposure-side insulation 5 or the covering insulation 7. Different thicknesses of the explosive 3 or different types of explosive 3 can also be provided.

[0043] The Figures 4 to 6 show three exemplary thicknesses of the layer of explosive 3. In Figure 4 For example, a thickness of 1 mm is shown. Figure 5 uses a thickness of 2 mm, whereas in Figure 6 a thickness of 6 mm is shown. These thicknesses are each to be understood as a possible example, each of which has proven particularly advantageous for various applications.

[0044] The explosive 3 can be provided in foil form of the desired thickness. It is also possible, of course, to stack several layers of foil of a standard thickness on top of each other. Furthermore, the explosive 3 can also be provided as a moldable material, allowing the user to produce the desired thickness on-site. Finally, explosive cords can also be used, for example, wound spirally around the central axis of the cylindrical charge carrier 1.

[0045] In Figure 7 Another variant of the explosive charge is shown. In contrast to the explosive charge from the Figures 5 and 6Here, an exposure-side insulation 5 was omitted. The explosive 3 is therefore located directly at the bottom of the can-like charge carrier 1. By selecting the thickness of the exposure-side insulation 5 or by omitting such exposure-side insulation 5, it can be adjusted whether the explosive charge has a pushing effect or a blasting effect. Figure 7 shows the variant with the maximum explosive effect.

[0046] In the Figures 8 to 14Another preferred embodiment of the explosive charge is shown. The explosive charge shown here essentially has a "C"-shaped basic structure. "C"-shaped in this context means that there is no housing or explosive 3 on one side. The basic shape can be rounded or, as shown here, angular. This embodiment of the invention can be used, for example, to destroy a door in the area of ​​the hinges in order to open the door. This may be necessary if opening the lock appears impractical due to the design of the lock or other local circumstances.

[0047] To ensure that the aforementioned "C"-shaped explosive charge can be effectively applied from the outside around the anchoring of the metal part of the hinges in the door leaf, the variant shown is height-adjustable. The arrow directions in the Figures 9, 11 , 13 and 14 indicate this.

[0048] To achieve adjustability, the explosive charge housing is formed by an upper charge carrier 10 and a lower charge carrier 12, both of which have a hollow-profile housing and are designed so that the upper charge carrier 10 can be inserted into the lower charge carrier 12 to the desired insertion depth. This results in the length of the explosive charge's longitudinal section being adjustable, which can be fixed using snap-in connections or locking pins. Alternatively, this can also be achieved using an adhesive layer on the back, since the connection no longer needs to be secured once the explosive charge has been bonded to the blasting site.

[0049] The Figures 8 and 11show the explosive charge according to this further embodiment of the invention in its fully assembled state. This explosive charge has an upper charge carrier 10 and a lower charge carrier 12. The two charge carriers 10, 12 are formed here from hollow profiles with a rectangular cross-section and a flat underside. The profiles have a removable cover, each in the form of an upper charge carrier cover 11 and a lower charge carrier cover 13, which can be placed on the base profile, which has a "C" or "U" cross-section, for closing or are placed in the position shown. These profiles are essentially similar to small cable ducts.

[0050] In the overlapping area, in which the upper load carrier 10 and the lower load carrier 12 are inserted into one another, a device is provided that eliminates the longitudinal displacement of the profiles. It is particularly advantageous if this device, as in the illustrated embodiment, is formed by the inserted detonator 6. For this purpose, both profiles have, which is particularly important in Figure 12 or Figure 13 As can be seen, each has through holes that overlap when plugged together. By inserting the detonator 6 into a pair of these overlapping through holes, the displacement is eliminated. As an alternative to this solution, conventional locking devices or safety pins can of course also be provided.

[0051] The profiles of the upper load carrier 10 and the lower load carrier 12 are angled by 90° in the upper area. This results in the Figure 8 and Figure 9 or in Figure 11 or 12The "C"-shaped basic structure shown here. This can be mounted, for example, above the area surrounding the hinges of a door leaf, so that the explosive force generated by the detonation separates the door leaf from the hinges.

[0052] Figure 10 shows the section AA from Figure 9 . It can be seen that the detonator 6 penetrates the pair of through-openings and projects into the interior of the charge carrier 10, 12, in order to be in contact with the explosive 3. After the assembly of the upper charge carrier 10 and the lower charge carrier 12, a circumferential channel is created in the illustrated embodiment, in which a package of insulating material and explosive 3 is arranged. In this respect, the illustrated embodiment differs according to the Figures 8 to 14 not from the design according to the Figures 1 to 7 .

[0053] Alternative embodiments of the invention can also include adjustable charge carriers 10 or 12, in which the free ends are also adjustable in length or, for example, the upper, angled section is adjustable in angle. Known hinges can be provided for this purpose. In this embodiment, the angled sections and the longitudinal sections of the charge carriers 10 and 12 can each have separate cavities, so that the area of ​​the joint is not subjected to the explosion pressure. In this case, a plurality of detonators 6, in particular those coupled to one another for detonation purposes, are preferably used.

[0054] Alternatively, the package of exposure-side insulation 5 and explosive 3 can of course also be offered prefabricated in an elastic but pressure-resistant hose, so that this hose can be inserted into the open channel after adjusting the angles.

[0055] In preferred applications, the explosive charges according to the invention have a maximum size of approximately 100 mm to 300 mm. They are used to apply explosive force to a specific area or a small area, resulting in local destruction of the blast site. However, the invention is not limited to this local application; larger explosive charges are also possible in principle. List of reference symbols:

[0056] 1Charge carrier (can) 2Charge carrier lid 3Explosive 4Detonator holder 5Exposure-side insulation 6Detonator 7Cover insulation 8Ignition cable 9Can screw connection 10Upper charge carrier (blast channel) 11Upper charge carrier lid 12Lower charge carrier 13Lower charge carrier lid

Claims

1. Kit for the use-optimized assembly of an explosive load for attachment at an explosion site, wherein the explosive load comprises • a load carrier (1, 10, 12) formed by a receiving housing with a detonator holder (4) or a receptacle for holding an insertable detonator holder (4), which can be closed by means of a charge carrier cover (2, 11, 13) encapsulating the stack of explosive (3) and insulating material layers arranged in the receiving container, • explosive (3) and a detonator (6) which can be inserted into the explosive (3) to detonate the explosive (3), and which has a means of ignition which can be inserted into the load carrier (1, 10, 12) and, after insertion into the load carrier (1, 10, 12), extends into the explosive (3), and • insulating material layers for insulating the explosive (3) inserted in the load carrier (1, 10, 12) on both sides by means of a lower insulating (5) facing the object to be detonated and formed by an elastic layer, and an upper insulating layer arranged on the explosive (3) as an upper cover insulating (7), wherein the kit comprises the following: • differently shaped load carriers (1, 10, 12), of which at least one load carrier (1, 10, 12) being a box-shaped load carrier (1, 10, 12), wherein the load carriers (1, 10, 12) can be closed after assembly of a stack formed by insulating material (3) on the exposure side, explosive (3) and covering insulating (7) in such a way that the stack completely fills the interior of the load carrier (1, 10, 12) in an exposure direction in which the explosive force is intended to act, with the exception of a clearance of less than 5 mm, preferably less than 1 mm, • on-site formable or preformed explosive (3) in the form of foil, formable explosive mass or detonating cord in various thicknesses, which can be inserted into the load carrier (1, 10, 12) and / or is formable to the desired thickness and / or is adapted in shape to the inner shape of the load carrier (1, 10, 12) so that it can be inserted into the load carrier (1, 10, 12) with a clearance, • at least one explosive capsule (6) and • Insulating material for insulating the explosive (3) inserted into the load carrier (1, 10, 12) on both sides by means of the lower insulating (5) on the exposure side and the upper covering insulating (7), which consists of pourable granulate made of rubber, silicone, another elastic material or from a mixture of these materials and / or is embodied as a preformed layer of insulating material made of rubber, silicone, another elastic material or from a mixture of these materials with different thicknesses for providing the lower insulating (5) on the exposure side and the upper covering insulating (7) in the desired thickness.

2. Kit for the use-optimized assembly of an explosive load according to claim 1, characterized in that the explosive capsule (6) comprises an ignition device in the form of an ignition cable (8) or a remote-controlled, wireless ignition device.

3. Kit for the use-optimized assembly of an explosive load according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lower insulation (5) on the exposure side and / or the covering insulating (7) comprise a rubber-elastic material, in particular consist entirely of rubber-elastic material.

4. Kit for the use-optimized assembly of an explosive load according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the insulation (5) on the exposure side and / or the covering insulation (7) consist of rubber granulate which is poured into the receiving container as loose granulate or is bound to form a coherent layer by means of an adhesive matrix material or is joined together by means of pressure / heat treatment.

5. Kit for the use-optimized assembly of an explosive load according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a load carrier (1, 10, 12) is included, which has a plastic wall made of an impact-resistant, non-splintering plastic, in particular polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PE) or acrylic-butadiene-styrene (ABS).

6. Kit for the use-optimized assembly of an explosive load according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a load carrier (1, 10, 12) is included, the load carrier cover (2, 11, 13) of which (2, 11, 13) can be placed releasably on a lower part of the load carrier (1, 10, 12) by means of a thread or a latching connection or can be locked firmly in place.

7. Kit for the use-optimized assembly of an explosive load according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the layers of insulation (5) on the exposure side, explosive (3) and covering insulation (7) are dimensionally stable layers which are loosely inserted into the load carrier (1, 10, 12), wherein the receiving container and the layers of exposure-side insulation (5), explosive (3) and covering insulation (7) are embodied in such a way that the layers can be inserted into the receiving container in any order.

8. Kit for the use-optimized assembly of an explosive load according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving container and the load carrier cover (2, 11, 13) are designed and can be connected to each other in such a way that, in order to compensate for different heights of the composite made up of the layers, insulation (5) on the exposure side, explosive (3) and cover insulation (7) on the exposure side, the height of the inner volume of the receiving container can be fixed at different heights relative to the lower part of the receiving container of the load carrier cover (2, 11, 13) when the composite is held in the receiving container without clearance, which differ by at least 1 mm, preferably up to 5 mm and more preferably up to 10 mm.

9. Kit for the use-optimized assembly of an explosive load according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness of the uniformly thick layer of explosive (3) is between 1 mm and 15 mm, preferably less than 10 mm and particularly preferably 5 mm, between 2 mm and 3 mm or 1 mm.

10. Kit for the use-optimized assembly of an explosive load according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the load carrier (1) is a box with a particularly round, elliptical or rectangular cross-section and an external thread, onto which the load carrier cover (2) is screwed, the largest diameter of the box preferably being less than 150 mm, preferably less than 80 mm, and / or the insulation (5) on the exposure side is constituted by an insulating layer with a uniform thickness of between 3 mm and 15 mm, preferably between 5 mm and 10 mm, and particularly preferably 6 mm.

11. Kit for the use-optimized assembly of an explosive load according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the covering insulation (7) is constituted by an insulating layer with a uniform thickness of more than 10 mm, preferably more than 20 mm and especially 25 mm.

12. Kit for the use-optimized assembly of an explosive load according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the load carrier (10, 12) for constituting a length adjustability of at least two hollow profiles which are inserted into one another while leaving a clearance and are displaceable longitudinally relative to one another and constitute an upper load carrier (10) and a lower load carrier (12), which hollow profiles are closed laterally at their free ends by closure means.

13. Kit for the use-optimized assembly of an explosive load according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the hollow profiles of the upper load carrier (10) and of the lower load carrier (12) comprise a U-shaped base body and an upper load carrier cover (11) or a lower load carrier cover (13), which is connected to the respective hollow profile in a snap-in manner or by means of screw connections.

14. Kit for the use-optimized assembly of an explosive load according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow profiles of the upper load carrier (10) and of the lower load carrier (12) have a section inserted into the other load carrier (12 or 10) and, at their free end opposite the inserted section, an angled section at an angle, in particular at 90°, wherein the inserted section and the unfolded section each comprise a separate cavity or both sections comprise a common cavity for receiving a stack of insulating material and explosive (3) and the length of the angled section is less than 200 mm, preferably 100 mm or less, and the length of the central region formed by the two restricted sections is adjustable between 300 mm and 100 mm, in particular between 200 mm and 100 mm, by inserting the respective sections into one another to a corresponding depth.

15. Kit for the use-optimized assembly of an explosive load according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the load carrier (1) is provided with an adhesive layer in the region of its outer side, over which the load carrier (1) is to be adhesively connected to the detonation point, and the explosive (3) is formed by an explosive foil, formable explosive (3) or an explosive cord, which is wound into a layer or otherwise folded together to form a layer of uniform thickness of explosive (3) as required.

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