Device for coating a carrier substrate with a powdered material

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (100; 100*) for coating a carrier substrate (006) with a powdered material (004), comprising at least a first application unit (101; 101'), which has a first roller (102; 102') and a second roller (103; 103') which, in the nip between their lateral surfaces, form a first roller gap (104; 104') which serves for film formation, through which powdered material (004) is conveyable in order to form a first dry film (003), and comprising a roller (103'; 106) which acts as a counter-pressure roller (103'; 106) and which, together with the second roller (103) or a further roller which is downstream of the second roller (103) as viewed in the direction of the material flow, forms a second roller gap (103), through which a carrier substrate (106) to be coated can be guided and subjected to a dry film (106) formed in the first roller gap (104; 104'). The first roller, the second roller and the roller (102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106) acting as a counter-pressure roller (103'; 106) are each mounted on both sides in frame walls (131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4) of three different partial frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3), wherein the partial frame (131.1) carrying the second roller (103) is fixed to the frame or in space, and the partial frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3) carrying the first roller (102; 102') and the counter-pressure roller (103'; 106) are each position-adjustably mounted in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation (R103) of the second roller (103) relative to the partial frame (128.1) of the second roller (103) that is fixed to the frame or in space.

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] Device for coating a carrier substrate with a powdery material

[0003] The invention relates to a device for coating, in particular dry coating, a carrier substrate with a powdery material according to claim 1.

[0004] In WO 2020 / 150254 A1, a film is produced by calendering a powder mixture and wound onto a roll to be fed as such to a further process, in which it can be laminated to a collector. In one embodiment, the powder mixture is applied to a belt and guided into the nip between two rollers.

[0005] KR 102359521 B1 discloses a device for dry coating a current collector web with an active material layer. A first and a second roller are provided for each side of the web, between which an active material layer is formed, and the respective active material layer is applied to the current collector web at a nip between the two second rollers. A first and a second device are provided for adjusting the roller spacing, by means of which the distances between the first and second rollers can be adjusted. The first and second devices comprise a mechanical cylinder driven by a servomotor. Furthermore, a third device is provided for adjusting the roller gap formed between the second rollers. This allows the thickness of the electrode to be easily controlled via the gap width.In one embodiment, an air cylinder may further be provided between the second rollers, by means of which the distance is kept constant.

[0006] DE 102008 009 341 A1 relates to grinding, mixing, dispersing, homogenizing, or the like of liquid to pasty masses in a roller train with several rollers, each mounted on a bearing support at both ends, wherein the mass is conveyed successively from a first roller to a last, a take-off roller, and is removed at each end by a scraper. The distance or angle of two outer rollers of three rollers relative to a central roller can be adjusted by pivoting the bearing supports. The end-face bearing supports of at least one of the rollers are designed to be independently adjustable transversely to the roller axis by respective eccentric bearings such that an offset position relative to the other roller can be achieved by opposing deflection of the eccentrics.

[0007] The invention is based on the object of creating a device for coating, in particular dry coating, a carrier substrate with a powdery material.

[0008] The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1.

[0009] The advantages that can be achieved with the invention are, in particular, that the device can reliably produce a coated carrier substrate with an active material layer that is as uniform and / or defined as possible.

[0010] In an embodiment of such a device for coating, in particular dry coating, a carrier substrate with a powdery material that is particularly suitable for the invention, said device has at least one first application unit that comprises a first roller and a second roller that form a first gap in the nip between their lateral surfaces that serves to form a film, through which gap powdery material can be conveyed to form a first dry film, and a roller that acts as a counterpressure roller that forms a second gap with the second roller or with a further roller of the first application unit that follows directly or indirectly downstream of the second roller, viewed in the direction of the material flow, through which gap a carrier substrate to be coated can be guided and can be subjected to the dry film formed in the first gap and transported in particular via the second roller and optionally the further roller to the second gap.

[0011] According to the invention, the first, the second and the roller acting as a counter-pressure roller are each mounted on both sides in frame walls of three different sub-frames, wherein the sub-frame carrying the second roller is arranged so as to be fixed to the frame or in a spatial manner and the sub-frames carrying the first roller and the counter-pressure roller are each arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the second roller relative to the sub-frame of the second roller which is arranged so as to be fixed to the frame or in a spatial manner - in particular along a preferably rectilinear adjustment direction orAdjusting movement - are mounted in a positionally variable manner, in particular in such a way that a respective distance of the axes of rotation of the first roller to the axis of rotation of the second roller and of the counter-pressure roller to the axis of rotation of the second roller or of the further roller downstream of the second roller can be varied and / or a respective adjusting force effective in the first gap between the lateral surfaces of the first and second roller and in the second gap between the counter-pressure roller and the second roller or the further roller downstream of the second roller can be varied.

[0012] Due to the multi-part design of the frame and the fact that adjustment is achieved by moving the frames, larger adjustment devices and / or multiple adjustment devices can be provided per frame side, compared to adjusting individual bearings, since the force is not applied to the bearing itself. For example, with a favorable arrangement of the application points in the bearing or frame plane, bending of the journals caused by the force applied can be minimized.

[0013] In a particularly advantageous development, the first and the second roller can be tilted relative to one another with respect to the relative course of their axes of rotation and can be varied in their relative inclination by the first or the second roller being pivotably mounted in the device about an actual or imaginary pivot axis which runs perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the pivotable roller.

[0014] For the inclined or pivotable design of the roller, the rotation axes which are inclined to one another are preferably located in two planes which are parallel to one another and / or the pivotable bearing is provided and / or designed in such a way that the pivoting movement of the rotation axis takes place in a plane which is perpendicular to the adjustment direction for setting the distance and / or the setting force between the first or the second roller and / or perpendicular to the pivot axis, without this plane moving in the direction of the pivot axis as a result of the pivoting and / or without the pivot axis changing its position in space.

[0015] In the particularly advantageous design with the multi-part frame and pivoting of the sub-frames, the roller axes can be interlaced without additional shear forces acting on the front bearings or even creating the risk of bearing damage due to inclination.

[0016] In a particularly advantageous embodiment for adjusting the rollers or sub-frames, one or more adjusting devices with a drive means are provided between two or each two adjacent sub-frames, which act with a respective active end on the sub-frames and are designed such that a tensile force can be introduced between the adjacent sub-frames, causing a relative movement between the sub-frames and / or an adjusting force between the rollers. This means that the frame or bearing of one roller is not pressed against the other roller by an external fixed bearing, but rather the two adjacent frames are subjected to a tensile force directed towards one another and moved or pulled towards one another, at least for adjusting purposes. As a result, the force acts precisely and only between these two rollers, and not via one of the two rollers onto another adjacent roller if necessary.

[0017] In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the adjusting mechanism, an adjusting device with two acting ends that are variable in distance from one another acts on two or each two adjacent sub-frames whose distance from one another and / or whose adjusting force on one another is variable, in such a way that a same plane - in particular an imaginary plane - running perpendicular to the axis of rotation of at least one of the rollers mounted on the two adjacent sub-frames intersects at least one acting surface formed in the region of the acting ends with the respective sub-frame in question, as well as a respective effective support width of the rollers mounted in the two sub-frames, viewed in the axial direction.

[0018] In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the coating device, a dry film can be produced on both sides of the carrier substrate. In an advantageous embodiment of such a coating device, application units with a respective laminating roller are provided on both sides of the substrate path, which form a two-sided application or laminating gap in a nip between their outer surfaces. The two laminating rollers forming the gap between them act as mutual counterpressure rollers. The carrier substrate, which is guided between these laminating rollers, can thus be exposed on both sides to the dry film formed in the respective application unit.

[0019] Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are described in more detail below.

[0020] They show:

[0021] Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a product to be manufactured; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram for the production and application of a dry film;

[0022] Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a machine for producing a multi-layer product with a dry film applied to a carrier substrate with an application stage according to an embodiment of a first group of embodiments;

[0023] Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the application stage of the first embodiment from Fig. 3;

[0024] Fig. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of an embodiment of the first group of embodiments;

[0025] Fig. 6 shows a further alternative embodiment of the embodiment of a first group of embodiments;

[0026] Fig. 7 shows a further alternative embodiment of the embodiment of a first group of embodiments;

[0027] Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a second group of embodiments;

[0028] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a further embodiment of a second group of embodiments;

[0029] Fig. 10 shows an embodiment of a machine for producing a multi-layer product with a dry film applied to a carrier substrate, with an application stage according to an embodiment of the second group of embodiments; Fig. 11 shows an enlarged view of the application stage from Fig. 10 with pairwise coupling of two rollers in a first embodiment;

[0030] Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of the application stage from Fig. 10 with pairwise coupling of two rollers in a second embodiment;

[0031] Fig. 13 a view from below with removal devices;

[0032] Fig. 14 is an oblique view of a product section with a slight lateral primer overhang;

[0033] Fig. 15 shows a further embodiment of a machine for producing a multi-layer product with a dry film applied to a carrier substrate with an application stage according to an embodiment of the second group of embodiments;

[0034] Fig. 16 shows a further embodiment of a machine for producing a multi-layer product with a dry film applied to a carrier substrate with an application stage according to an embodiment of the second group of embodiments;

[0035] Fig. 17 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an applicator, in particular a double applicator, with a multi-part frame;

[0036] Fig. 18 is a sectional view of an embodiment of an applicator according to Fig. 17, in particular a double applicator, with a multi-part frame;

[0037] Fig. 19 is a sectional view through a partial frame of a multi-part frame; Fig. 20 is a schematic sectional view through a storage area of ​​a partial frame;

[0038] Fig. 21 a sectional view through a partial frame with stop means for limiting the adjustment movement;

[0039] Fig. 22 a schematic diagram of two rollers with rotation axes inclined to each other;

[0040] Fig. 23 a front view of a partial frame with a pivoting bearing.

[0041] The devices and machines described below are used for the production of electrode units 001 of electrochemical storage devices, as they are used in particular in batteries or accumulators, such as lithium-sulfur, sodium-ion or in particular lithium-ion batteries, as well as in solid-state batteries.

[0042] A product 001; 002 to be manufactured by a machine mentioned below can, for example, be formed by a web-shaped intermediate product 002 that is still to be cut, e.g. a product strand 002 formed as an electrode strand 002, or by arc-shaped end products 001 that have already been cut in the machine, e.g. product sections 001 formed as electrode units 001, in short electrodes 001.

[0043] For the production of such products 001; 002 with a material layer 003; 003', in particular active material layer 003; 003', applied on one or both sides of a carrier substrate 006, preferably a carrier substrate web 006, e.g. a current collector substrate 006 formed by, for example, a current collector foil 006, a device 100; 100* for coating, in short coating device 100; 100*, in particular for dry coating, of a carrier substrate 006, in particular in web form, e.g. the above-mentionedA material layer 003; 003', preferably a dry film 003; 003', in particular a powder composite film 003, is provided, which comprises at least one first application unit 101, by means of which powdery, preferably dry, material 004; 004', in particular a preferably solvent-free and / or dry powder mixture 004; 004', can initially be processed, in particular by pressing and / or applying a pressing force, into a dry film 003, and subsequently this dry film 003; 003' can be applied to a first side of the carrier substrate 006, in particular by pressing and / or applying a pressing force. A dry film 003; 003' to be applied should, for example, have a thickness of 20 μm to 240 μm, preferably of 40 μm to 100 μm, after application and pressing.

[0044] An above-mentioned powder mixture 004; 004', in particular in the form of a dry powder, comprises - in particular for the production of electrode units 001 for lithium-ion batteries or accumulators - for example, more than ninety percent by weight of an active material such as one or more of the lithium compounds lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese oxide, nickel-rich lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide, lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese nickel oxide and / or lithium titanate, a few, for example three percent by weight of a conductive additive, for example graphite or so-called CNTs, i.e. multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and a few, for example two percent by weight of a plastic which acts as a binder in the subsequent powder composite, for example polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

[0045] The carrier substrate 006, for example, simultaneously represents the current-conducting layer of the electrode unit 001 and is formed, for example, by an electrically conductive material in the form of a foil, fleece, or fabric, e.g., a metal. It is formed, for example—in particular for the production of electrode units 001 for lithium-ion batteries or accumulators—from aluminum or copper and / or has, for example, a thickness d006 of 5 to 16 pm. In the case of the production of an anode, it is made, in particular, from copper with, for example, a thickness d006 of, for example, in the range of 5 to 13 pm, and in the case of the production of a cathode, it is made, in particular, from aluminum with, for example, a thickness d006 in the range of 7 to 16 pm.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the carrier substrate 006 has, at least in the surface area to be coated with the dry film 003; 003', a surface coating with a bond-supporting or bond-inducing agent 007; 007', e.g., a binder 007; 007', a primer 007; 007', or an adhesive 007; 007'. Such an agent 007; 007' can be formed by a thermoplastic or reactive binder or primer and, for example, comprise a thermoplastic component and / or have a thickness d007 of only a few pm, e.g., at most 5 pm, in particular at most 3 pm.

[0047] A thickness d003; d003' of the active material layer 003; 003' of the product 001; 002, ie of the electrode unit 001 or of the electrode strand 002, is, for example, at most 240 pm, in particular at most 150 pm, preferably at most 100 pm and / or is, for example, at least 20 pm, in particular at least 30 pm, preferably at least 40 pm.

[0048] The total thickness of the product 001; 002 coated on both sides, for example, amounts to - if necessary after passing through a calendering process following the application or coating of the carrier substrate 006 with the dry film 003, 003' inline or in a further machine - e.g. up to 500 pm, in particular up to 320 pm, preferably up to 220 pm and / or at least 50 pm, in particular at least 70 pm, preferably at least 90 pm. In this case, a density of the applied material 004, 004 is e.g. greater than 3000 kg / m 3 , preferably at least 3500 kg / m 3 . An intermediate product 002 leaving the machine for pure coating, ie without subsequent calendering, here also referred to as a pre-product, may have a lower density, but for example of at least 2000 kg / m 3 , preferably at least 2500 kg / m 2 , in particular of at least 2900 kg / m 3. With only one-sided coating, the total thickness of the finished product 001; 002, optionally further compacted by at least one calendering process, amounts to, for example, up to 255 pm, in particular up to 165 pm, preferably up to 65 pm and / or at least 30 pm, in particular at least 40 pm, preferably at least 50 pm.

[0049] If sufficiently large forces are available during the coating process or simultaneously with the application of the dry film 003, 003' or if such forces can be applied in the lamination gap, the above values ​​for the total thickness and / or the density of the final product 001 or of the intermediate product 002, which, for example, only needs to be cut crosswise, can also be represented without subsequent calendering following the coating process.

[0050] In order to ensure an effective manufacturing process, web-shaped carrier material 006 is preferably processed into the above-mentioned end or intermediate product, which, for example, has a width b006 of at least 300 mm, advantageously at least 500 mm, in particular at least 550 mm, or even 600 mm and more, in an advantageous embodiment even up to 1,200 mm. In this case, the carrier material 006 is not coated with the dry film 003; 003' over its entire width, for example, but only up to a free edge region in which the surface of the metallically conductive carrier material 006 remains free and accessible - e.g. for connecting cables. Such a width b003 of the coating amounts to, for example, at least 200 mm, advantageously at least 230 mm, or even 300 mm and more.

[0051] For the above-mentioned production of a dry film 003, a first roller 102, in particular a metering roller 102, and a second roller 103, in particular a laminating roller 103 of the first application unit 101 are provided in such a way that they form a first gap 104, in particular a first film-forming gap 104, between their outer surfaces in the nip, through which the powder mixture 004, which is fed into the nip, for example by a device for feeding powdery material 700, in short powder feed device 700, can be fed to form the dry film 003 (see, for example, Fig. 2). The clear width of the first gap 104 at its narrowest point determines the - possibly compared to the thickness in the later product 001; 002 even greater - thickness of the dry film 003 even before its passage through an application point at which it is applied - in particular under pressure - to the carrier substrate 006.

[0052] The application point is preferably formed here directly by a nip of the second roller 103, which in this case acts as a laminating roller 103, with a roller 106; 103 acting as a counter-pressure roller 106; 103', or by a roller which interacts directly with the second roller or indirectly via one or more further rollers and acts as a laminating roller, with a roller 106; 103 acting as a counter-pressure roller 106; 103' (not shown here). The second or further roller acting as a laminating roller 003 and the roller 106; 103 acting as a counter-pressure roller 106; 103 form a second gap 107, in particular an application gap 107, hereinafter referred to as e.g. B. also referred to as laminating gap 107, through which the carrier substrate 006 can be guided and, in particular on the side facing away from the counter-pressure roller 106; 103, with the film formed via the first film forming gap 104, e.g. at least 40 pm thick, e.g.between 50 pm to 200 pm, in particular 60 to 120 pm thick dry film 003 can be applied.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the application stage 100; 100* comprises a second application unit 10T (see, for example, Fig. 3 to Fig. 13), by means of which a powder mixture 004', in particular a solvent-free and / or dry powder mixture, conveyed into the nip, for example, by a second device for supplying powdery material 700', in short powder supply device 700', can also be initially processed, in particular by pressing and / or applying a pressing force, into a second dry film 003'; 003, and subsequently this second dry film 003'; 003 can be applied to the other, second side of the carrier substrate 006, in particular by pressing and / or applying a pressing force. In principle, this powder mixture 004' can be the same as or different from the first powder mixture 004'.

[0054] Also in the second application unit 10T, a first roller 102', in particular metering roller 102', and a second roller 103', in particular laminating roller 103', are preferably provided in such a way that they form a first gap 104', in particular second film-forming gap 104', between their outer surfaces, through which the powder mixture 004' can be conveyed to form the second dry film 003'.

[0055] Here too, the second roller 003' of the second application unit 10T, directly or a roller (not shown here) which cooperates directly with the second roller 103' or indirectly via one or more further rollers and acts as a laminating roller, can form a gap 107'; gap 107 between its outer surfaces in the nip with a roller 106'; 103 acting as a counter-pressure roller, through which the carrier substrate 006 can be guided and, in particular on the second side facing away from the second counter-pressure roller 106'; 103, can be subjected to the second dry film 003' formed via the second film-forming gap 104'; 104.

[0056] In a first group of exemplary embodiments for the coating device 100 (see, for example, FIGS. 3 to 7), a second gap 107' is formed by a second application gap 107', e.g., a laminating gap 107', which is different from the first application or laminating gap 107', with a second roller 106', in particular a second counter-pressure roller 106' which acts as a counter-pressure roller 106 and is different from the first counter-pressure roller 106 and / or the laminating roller 103 of the first application unit 101, through which roller the carrier substrate 006 can be guided and, in particular on the second side facing away from the second counter-pressure roller 106', can be subjected to the second dry film 003' formed via the second film-forming gap 104'. In this embodiment, two independent application units 101; 101 ' for the two sides of the carrier substrate 106.It is therefore possible to independently set different conditions for each job in the respective laminating gap 107; 107'. For example, a different pressing or line force and / or temperature, if applicable, can be set.

[0057] For such an embodiment - e.g. with regard to a large wrap - in the respective applicator 101; 10T, the metering roller 102; 102, the laminating roller 103; 103' and the counter-pressure roller 106; 106' forming the laminating gap 107; 107' with the latter can be arranged relative to one another in a first embodiment such that the planes connecting the rotation axes R102; R103; R106; R102'; R103' of the respectively adjacent rollers 102; 103; 106; 102'; 103'; 106' intersect at an angle α which is, for example, between 40° and 130°, in particular between 70° and 110°, preferably between 80° and 100°. A large wrap can result in better heat transfer from a possibly temperature-controlled counter-pressure roller 106; 106' and / or improved - e.g. flutter-free - running up and down (see e.g. Fig. 3 to Fig. 5).

[0058] For example, the respective counterpressure roller 106; 106' can be arranged below the laminating roller 103; 103' in such a way that the plane connecting the rotation axes R103; R106; R103' of the two rollers 103; 103'; 106; 106' deviates from the vertical by a maximum of ± 30°, in particular a maximum of ± 15°. In this case, the pressing force in the laminating gap and gravity act predominantly in the same direction.

[0059] In a second embodiment variant, which is advantageous, for example, with regard to the effective forces and load directions, the metering roller 102; 102, the laminating roller 103; 103' and the counter-pressure roller 106; 106' forming the laminating gap 107; 107' with the latter are arranged in relation to one another in the respective application unit 101; 10T, for example, in such a way that the planes connecting the axes of rotation R102; R103; R106; R102'; R103' of the pairs of adjacent rollers 102; 103; 106; 102'; 103'; 106' intersect at most at an acute angle a, which is at most 20°, in particular at 0°, so that the axes of rotation R102; R103; R106; R102'; R103' of the three rollers 102; 103; 106; 102'; 103'; 106' of the same applicator 101; 101' lie in the same plane. This makes the arrangement very rigid, since the forces and counterforces are at least predominantly opposite to each other.

[0060] The two application units 101; 10T with their laminating rollers 103; 103' are located on different sides of the substrate path and can be arranged one above the other in such a way that the two laminating gaps 107; 107' are located directly above one another vertically in one embodiment (see, for example, Fig. 6) or, in another embodiment, are offset horizontally from one another, in particular by at least half and at most one and a half laminating roller diameters (see, for example, Fig. 7). In Fig. 7, for example, a substrate guide that can be transferred to other designs is indicated by a dashed line, which allows a larger wrap angle and thus better heat transfer and / or more stable running. For this purpose,the substrate path is deflected by an additional substrate guide element 121 such that the transport direction Ts runs at an inclination of at least 45° to the transport direction Ts of the outgoing substrate 006 when it runs onto the following roller 106; 106'.

[0061] In addition to the metering roller 102; 102', the second roller 103; 103' or a roller that interacts directly with the second roller or indirectly via one or more further rollers and acts as a laminating roller, an advantageous further development can provide a further roller 118; 118' (see, for example, as an example for all embodiments of the first group in Fig. 5), which can be set in an operational, i.e. during production, circumferential section between the metering gap 104; 104' and the laminating gap 107; 107' of the laminating roller 103; 103' in the manner of a calender roller 118; 118' on a dry film 003; 003' that is fed or guided on the laminating roller 103; 103'. For the above-mentioned designs, variants and forms, in a first configuration for the roller bearing, the laminating roller 103; 103' of the respective application unit 101; 10T with its rotation axis R103; R103' can be stationary during operation, although possiblyadjustable in their position, and the metering roller 102; 102' and the counter-pressure roller 106; 106' are mounted via respective actuators 109; 109'; 111; 11T so as to be adjustable in one direction with at least one movement component towards and / or away from the associated laminating roller 103; 103'. Here and in the following, the term actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' is to be understood as the entirety of the means which bring about and / or enable the direct or indirect positioning of a roller 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106', which are also referred to below as adjusting means 109; 109'; 111; 11T and which comprise at least one roller 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' along an adjusting movement leading adjusting mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' and one or more drive means 132; 132'; 133; 133' effecting the adjusting.

[0062] For positioning the respective metering roller 102; 102' to the second roller 103; 103', a position-based actuator 109; 109' or actuating means 109; 109' for position-based positioning is provided in a first embodiment, i.e., an actuator 109; 109' or actuating means 109; 109', via which a defined position for the component to be positioned can be approached. A position-based actuator 109; 109' or position-based actuating means 109; 109' is or are, for example, positionable with respect to a predetermined and / or defined position or can be operated or adjusted in a position-controlled or even position-regulated manner.

[0063] Such a position-based actuator 109; 109' can, for example, be realized in that a drive means 132; 133, e.g. a drive motor, can itself assume a defined and predeterminable position, as is possible for example for a position-adjustable servo drive or motor, or in that a travel path is limited at least to the relevant side by stop means 119, e.g. an adjustable stop 119, which can be adjusted via actuating and / or drive means 146, for example, which defines the end position and against which the component to be adjusted with regard to the position is or can be adjusted by means of a drive means that is, for example, force-based or not position-accurate. The roller 102; 102' is mounted, for example, in or on an actuating mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113', which can be adjusted by means of a drive means that, for example, B. a bearing mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' that precisely implements the position is formed. Such a mechanism is - especially for small travel distances with large forces - e.g.This is advantageously achieved by a bearing 113; 113' comprising an eccentric, e.g., a three-ring bearing 113; 113'. However, with regard to, for example, a position parallel to the adjustment direction and therefore more direct with respect to the adjustment path, a linear bearing 112; 112' extending in the adjustment direction may also be advantageous instead.

[0064] In this first, advantageous embodiment, a force-based actuator 111; 111 or actuating means 111; 111' for force-based actuation is provided for the actuation of the respective counter-pressure roller 103'; 106; 106', i.e., an actuator 111; 111' or actuating means 111, via which actuation with a defined force against the abutment can be achieved. A force-based actuator 111; 111' or force-based actuating means 111; 111' is or are, for example, adjustable with respect to a predetermined and / or defined force, or can be operated in a force-controlled or even force-regulated manner.

[0065] Such a force-based actuator 111; 111' - in particular provided at least on one side - can be realized, for example, in that a drive means 132, e.g. a drive motor 132, can itself apply a defined and predeterminable force, as is possible, for example, for a torque-regulatable or controllable, in particular torque-regulatable or controllable servo drive or motor, or in that the roller to be adjusted can be adjusted against the other roller 103; 103' with an adjusting force towards the relevant side by a drive means actuated by means of a pressure medium, e.g. by a pneumatically or hydraulically actuated cylinder-piston system 132; 133, wherein the pressure of the drive means 132; 133 is preferably adjustable. The counter-pressure roller 106; 106' is here, for example, in or on an adjusting mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113', which is controlled by a force-based actuating force, ieA bearing mechanism 112; 112' converting the travel, i.e., without additional mechanical limitation of the travel, is formed. As such, it can advantageously be formed, for example—at least on one side, but preferably on both sides—by a bearing mechanism 112; 112' designed as a linear bearing 112; 112'.

[0066] In a second embodiment, however, the metering roller 102; 102' can be adjusted in a force-based manner and the counterpressure roller 106; 106 can be adjusted in a position-based manner. For this purpose, the above-mentioned provisions must be transferred and applied accordingly.

[0067] In a third embodiment, however, both rollers 102; 102'; 106; 106 can be force-based, and in a fourth embodiment, both rollers 102; 102'; 106; 106 can be position-based. For this purpose, the above-mentioned provisions must be transferred and applied accordingly.

[0068] In a particularly advantageous fifth embodiment, a combined actuating mechanism 112; 113; 112'; 113' and / or a combined actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' or combined actuating means 109; 109'; 111; 111' is provided for the actuation of at least the metering roller 102; 102' and / or at least for the actuation of the counter-pressure roller 106; 106', which optionally allows a position-based actuation of the respective roller 102; 102'; 106; 106' or a force-based actuation.

[0069] Such a combined actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' is formed, for example, by an actuator 109, 111; 109', 111' or actuating means 109, 111; 109', 111' with an actuating mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113', in whose actuating path a stop 119, which can be positioned, for example, via drive and / or actuating means, can be optionally introduced to limit the position. Alternatively, an actuator 109, 111; 109', 111' can also be advantageous which, as drive means 132, 133; 132', 133', has a motor 132; 132'; 133; that can be operated either in a position-controlled or torque-controlled manner. 133', in particular servo motor.

[0070] In a second configuration for the roller bearing, the counter-pressure roller 106; 106' of the respective application unit 101; 10T with its rotation axis R106; R106' can be operationally stationary, although adjustable if necessary, and the laminating rollers 103; 103' with each associated metering roller 102; 102' can be mounted in pairs via respective common bearing mechanisms 112; 112' and / or actuators 111; 111' in one direction with at least one movement component towards and / or away from the associated counter-pressure roller 106; 106', and in addition to this, the respective metering rollers 102; 102' can be mounted via bearing mechanisms 112; 112'; 113; 113' and / or actuators 109; 109'; 111; 11 T can be mounted in a direction with at least one movement component towards and / or away from the respectively associated laminating roller 103; 103'.

[0071] In a first, advantageous embodiment, a position-based actuator 109; 109' in the above sense can be provided for positioning the respective metering roller 102; 102', e.g., a bearing mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' formed on one or both sides by a three-ring bearing 113; 113' or by a linear bearing 112; 112'; 113; 113'. A force-based actuator 111; 111 can be provided in the above sense for positioning the laminating rollers 103; 103', each with its associated metering roller 102; 102'.

[0072] In a second embodiment, however, the metering roller 102; 102' can be adjusted force-based and the roller pair 103, 102; 103', 102 can be adjusted position-based. For this purpose, the above-mentioned provisions must be transferred and applied accordingly.

[0073] In a third embodiment, however, the metering roller 102; 102' and the roller pair 103, 102; 103', 102 can be force-based, and in a fourth embodiment, the metering roller 102; 102' and the roller pair 103, 102; 103', 102 can be position-based. For this purpose, the above-mentioned provisions must be transferred and applied accordingly.

[0074] In a particularly advantageous fifth embodiment, for the adjustment of at least the metering roller 102; 102' and / or at least for the adjustment of the roller pair 103, 102;

[0075] 103', 102 in the above sense and / or in the above embodiment, a combined adjusting mechanism 112; 113; 112, 113 is provided, which allows optionally a position-based or force-based adjustment of the pair towards the counter-pressure roller 106; 106'; 103'; 103.

[0076] In a second group of exemplary embodiments for the coating device 100* (see, for example, shown in Fig. 8 to Fig. 12, Fig. 15, Fig. 16, Fig. 17 and Fig. 18), the second roller 003' of the second application unit 101' or a roller of the second application unit 101' which interacts directly with the second roller 103' or indirectly via one or more further rollers, forms a common gap 107 acting as a two-sided laminating gap 107 with the second or further roller 103 of the first application unit 101 acting as a laminating roller 103 in a nip between their lateral surfaces, wherein the two laminating rollers 103; 103' forming the gap 107 between them act mutually as counter-pressure rollers 103'; 103. The carrier substrate 006 can be guided between the latter and, in particular on both sides, can be exposed to the dry films 003', 003' formed via the first and second film-forming gaps 104; 104'.Such an arrangement of two application units 101; 10T cooperating for simultaneous application on both sides is also referred to below as a double application unit 101, 10T.

[0077] In this case, the planes formed by the rotation axes R102; R103; R102'; R103' of the metering roller 102; 102' and the laminating roller 103; 103' in the respective application unit 101; 10T intersect, for example, at most at an acute angle a, which is, for example, a maximum of 20°, advantageously a maximum of 5°, in particular 0°, so that in the latter case the rotation axes R102; R103; R106; R102'; R103' of the rollers 102; 103; 106; 102'; 103'; 106' of the two application units 101; 10T interacting in a two-sided laminating gap 107 lie in the same plane or run parallel but vertically offset from one another.

[0078] In a first embodiment, the two levels run in a common horizontal plane or horizontally but vertically offset from each other (see e.g. Fig. 8).

[0079] In a second embodiment, advantageous, for example, with regard to a small wrap, the two planes extend in a common plane inclined relative to the horizontal or in two planes inclined relative to the horizontal but vertically offset from each other. The common plane or the two offset planes are inclined relative to the horizontal, for example, at an acute angle ß of 2° to 15°, in particular 3° to 10° (see, for example, Fig. 9).

[0080] In addition to the respective metering roller 102; 102' and the second roller 103; 103', in an advantageous further development, a further roller 118; 118' in the above-mentioned type of a calender roller 118; 118' can also be provided here (see, for example, the dashed lines in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 as examples for all embodiments of the second group).

[0081] For the above-mentioned embodiments and forms, in a first configuration for the roller bearing, a first of the two laminating rollers 103 or a further roller of a first of the two application units 101 acting as a laminating roller can be mounted with its rotation axis R103 in a stationary manner, although possiblyadjustable, while the second of the laminating rollers 103' or a further roller acting as a second laminating roller with the associated metering roller 102; 102' via a common bearing mechanism 112; 112' and / or a common actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' in pairs in one direction with at least one movement component towards and / or away from the associated counter-pressure roller 106; 106', and in addition to this, the respective metering rollers 102; 102' via bearing mechanisms 112; 112'; 113; 113' and / or actuators 109; 109'; 111; 111' in one direction with at least one movement component towards the respectively associated laminating roller 103; 103' or another roller are mounted so that they can be adjusted towards and / or away from it. In the case of one or more additional rollers between the metering roller 102; 102' and the roller acting as a laminating roller, for example,These can also be adjusted jointly in one direction with at least one movement component towards and / or away from the associated counter-pressure roller 106; 106' via the common bearing mechanism 112; 112' and / or the common actuator 109; 109'; 111; 11 T.

[0082] In a first advantageous embodiment, a position-based actuator 109; 109' is provided in the above sense and / or in an aforementioned embodiment for adjusting the respective metering roller 102; 102'. For adjusting the second laminating roller 103' in pairs with the associated metering roller 102', a force-based actuator 111; 111 can be provided for force-based adjustment in the above sense and / or in an aforementioned embodiment.

[0083] In a second embodiment, however, the metering roller 102; 102' can be adjusted force-based and the roller pair 103, 102; 103', 102 can be adjusted position-based. The above-mentioned provisions apply accordingly.

[0084] In a third embodiment, however, both rollers 102; 102'; 106; 106 can be force-based, and in a fourth embodiment, both rollers 102; 102'; 106; 106 can be position-based. For this purpose, the above-mentioned provisions must be transferred and applied accordingly.

[0085] In an advantageous fifth embodiment, a combined adjusting mechanism 112; 113; 112'; 113' is provided for adjusting at least the metering roller 102; 102' and / or at least for adjusting the roller pair 103, 102; 103', 102 in the above sense and / or in the above embodiment, which optionally allows a position-based adjusting of the pair against the laminating roller 103'; 103 acting as counter-pressure roller 103'; 103 via a position-based actuator 109; 109' and a force-based adjusting via a force-based actuator 111; 111'.

[0086] In an advantageous sixth embodiment, described in more detail below in connection with Fig. 17 and Fig. 18, for example, a position-based actuator 109; 109' in the above sense and / or in an above-mentioned embodiment is provided for setting the first gap 104; 104' of the respective metering roller 102; 102' and a force-based actuator 111; 111 for force-based setting in the above sense is provided for setting the second gap 107 or setting the counter-pressure roller 103', wherein the two metering rollers 102; 102' and the counter-pressure roller 103; 103' to be set are each adjustable individually, ie without being coupled in pairs. In a particularly advantageous development of this embodiment, a position-based actuator 109; 109' is provided for setting at least the metering roller 102; 102' and / or for setting the second gap 107 or setting the counter-pressure roller 103', a combined setting mechanism 112; 113; 112'; 113' in the above sense and / or in the above embodiment is provided.

[0087] For all versions of the two groups of embodiments with jointly adjustable rollers 103'; 102'; 103; 102, these can be mounted on both sides in supports 122'; 122, in particular in side parts of a base frame, which in turn are mounted in a frame accommodating the application units 101; 10T via bearing mechanisms 112'; 112; 113'; 113 formed by linear bearings 112'; 112; 113'; 113.

[0088] Alternatively, the two jointly adjustable rollers 102; 103; 102; 102' can be mounted on both sides in supports, in particular in side parts of a base frame, which in turn are pivotally mounted about a pivot axis parallel to the rotation axis of the first, stationary laminating roller 103; 103' (see, for example, Fig. 12).

[0089] As already mentioned, in a respective application unit 101; 101', at least one further roller acting as a laminating roller and forming the laminating gap 107; 107' with the counter-pressure roller 106; 103' can be provided between the second roller 103; 103' and the nip point to the counter-pressure roller 106; 103'.

[0090] For all versions of the two groups of embodiments, in a particularly advantageous development, a removal device 114; 114', in particular a cleaning blade 114; 114', is provided in the respective application unit 101; 101', encompassed, for example, by a material removal device 127; 127', which can be selectively moved to and from the outer surface of the first roller 102; 102' for cleaning purposes. This device extends, for example, at least over the width of the roller outer surface effective for film formation.

[0091] Instead of this, or advantageously in addition to this, the material removal 127; 127' in the respective application unit 101; 10T comprises, viewed axially parallel to the second roller 103; 103', two removal devices 116; 116', in particular side edge doctor blades 116; 116', which can be adjusted axially parallel and are positioned or adjustable against the second roller 103; 103' and are spaced apart from one another. These removal devices can be adjusted axially parallel and are positioned or adjustable against the second roller 103; 103', by means of which a dry film 003; 003' conveyed over the second roller 103; 103' can be removed in the region of its side edges and, for example, deposited into a collecting device 117; 117'. This removal serves, for example, as so-called edge trimming to obtain a straight edge and / or a desired width b003; b003' of the dry film 003; 003. The collected amount can, for example, B. be returned to the powder mixture supply 004; 004'. Such a removal device 116; 116' can also be used to remove an edge strip 008; 008', which e.g.used to determine the density of the material layer 003; 003'.

[0092] For cleaning purposes, a removal device 129; 129', in particular a cleaning blade 129; 129', which can be adjusted to and removed from the outer surface of the second roller 103; 103', can advantageously also be provided, which extends, for example, at least over the width of the roller outer surface effective for film formation, and optionally a suction or collecting device (not shown).

[0093] For the supply or introduction of the powder mixture 004; 004' into the first gap 004; 004, an above-mentioned powder supply device 700; 700' for supplying a powdery material is provided, wherein in the region of the gusset above the gap 104; 104', i.e. in the space formed above the gap 194, 104' between the lateral surfaces of the two rollers 102; 103; 102; 103', in particular a wedge-like or triangular space in profile, preferably a filling and / or supply space 126 with a width extending in the axial direction of the second roller 103; 103' is formed and / or provided.

[0094] In a particularly advantageous embodiment, in the applicator 101; 101' above the first gap 104; 104' two limits 124, in particular side plates 124, are provided which are axially parallel to the first roller 102; 102' and spaced apart from one another and which can be adjusted, for example, in the axially parallel direction. These limits 124 each seal off an area of ​​the upper gusset formed between the lateral surfaces of the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103' towards both end faces of the applicator 101; 101' and in this way form an intermediate filling and / or storage space 126 which is preferably variable in width and which holds the powder mixture 004; 004'. Depending on the desired width and / or position of the dry film 003; 003', the filling and / or storage space 126 can thereby be varied or be variable on at least one, preferably on both sides in the position of its lateral boundary 124.As an alternative to a filling and / or storage space 126 directly delimited in the lower area by the lateral surfaces, a filling and / or storage space 126 in the form of a filling or storage funnel, e.g. comparable to an insertion aid mentioned below, could in principle also be provided directly in or above the gusset - at least where not contradictory to other design features of the applicator 101; 10T or the powder feed 700; 700'.

[0095] For all of the above-mentioned designs, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements, the bearing mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' and / or the actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' of the first roller 102; 102 is preferably designed such that a gap width for the first gap 104; 104' can be operationally set to a variable clear width at the narrowest point of at least 15 pm, advantageously of at least 30 pm, in particular of at least 50 pm, and / or that the gap width of the first gap 104; 104' can be adjusted at least via the above-mentioned position-based drive means 132; 132' and / or via at least one-sided stop means 119 which limit a setting position in the direction of the nip point and are adjustable in their position, ie for example an above-mentioned, in particular adjustable or positionable stop 119.

[0096] Alternatively or additionally, the bearing mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' and / or the actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' are advantageously designed to set and / or apply a line force of, for example, at least 500 N / mm, advantageously at least 700 N / mm, preferably a line force between 500 N / mm and 3000 N / mm, in the first gap 104; 104', at least in the region of its width contributing to film formation, between the rollers 102; 102'; 102; 103' forming the first gap 104; 104'.

[0097] As mentioned above, for positioning the metering roller 102; 102' to the second roller 103; 103' - e.g. in an above embodiment and / or in the above sense - a combined positioning mechanism 112; 113; 112; 113 can be provided, which optionally allows - e.g. in one operating mode - a position-based positioning via a position-based actuator 109; 109' and - e.g. in a second operating mode - a force-based positioning via a force-based actuator 111; 111'.

[0098] For all of the above-mentioned designs, variants, configurations, embodiments or designs and, for example, independently of the above-mentioned implementation of the coating device 100; 100* with individual application units 101; 101' with respective counter-pressure rollers 106; 106 or with combined application units 101; 101' with mutually effective counter-pressure rollers 103'; 103, in a particularly advantageous embodiment the metering gap 104; 104' between the first and second rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103' is adjustable on the basis of an actuator 109; 109' that is position-based in the above sense, e.g. positionable with respect to a predetermined position or position-controlled or position-regulated, e.g. positionable with respect to the gap width, controllable via e.g. a control chain or via e.g. B. a control loop, for example, to a constant and / or defined gap width; 104' adjustable, e.g. positionable, controllable oradjustable, wherein the position-based setting is directed to a defined and constant relative position or gap width 104 of the two rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103' in their working position, and / or the laminating gap 107; 107' between the second roller 103; 103' and the counter-pressure roller 106; 106'; 103'; 103 in the above sense on the basis of a force-based, e.g. force-controlled or force-regulated, actuator 111; 111', e.g. controllable with regard to the actuating force via, for example, a pressure control valve or, for example, a control path comprising such a pressure control valve or, for example. B. is controllable via, for example, a control path comprising such a pressure control valve, i.e. is adjustable, for example, to a constant and / or defined actuating or line force, e.g. controllable or adjustable, wherein the force-based setting is in particular based on a defined and / or constant actuating or line force.Line force between the two rollers 106; 106'; 103'; 103 involved in the second gap 107; 107' is directed in their working position. For the sake of clarity, it should be noted that the line or positioning force effective between the two rollers 106; 106'; 103'; 103 involved in the second gap 107; 107' does not act directly, but rather via the material guided through the gap, in the case of the film formation gap 104; 104', for example, via the powdered material 004; 004' and in the case of the laminating gap 107; 107' via the product strand 002 having the dry film 007 on one or both sides. Without limiting the above-mentioned specific embodiments, any of the two rollers at the relevant gap 104; 104'; 107; 107' involved rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' by the corresponding actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' and / or mounted on corresponding adjusting mechanisms 112; 112'; 113; 113' in the above sense.This also applies to designs in which one of the rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' involved in the respective gap 104; 104'; 107; 107' is mounted in such a way that it can be adjusted together with another roller 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' not involved in this gap 104; 104'; 107; 107'.

[0099] Likewise, for example, independently of the above-mentioned implementation of the coating device 100; 100* with individual application units 101; 10T with respective counter-pressure rollers 106; 106 or with combined application units 101; 101' with mutually acting counter-pressure rollers 103'; 103, in an embodiment which is particularly advantageous with regard to optimal adjustability, the metering gap 104; 104' between the first and second rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103' of the same application unit 101; 101' and / or the laminating gap 107; 107' between the second roller 103; 103' and the cooperating counter-pressure roller 106; 106; 103'; 103 - for example, not only position- or force-based, but - on the basis of a combined actuator 109; 109'; 111; 11 T optionally - in particular in the above sense - position-based adjustable, e.g. positionable with respect to the gap width, controllable via e.g. a control chain or controllable via e.g. a control loop, e.g.an operating mode to a constant and / or defined relative position of the two rollers and / or a constant and / or defined gap width; adjustable, e.g. positionable or controllable or regulateable, or in e.g. another operating mode force-based adjustable, e.g. with regard to the actuating force via e.g. a pressure control valve or e.g. a control section comprising such a pressure control valve, or e.g. controllable via e.g. a control section comprising such a pressure control valve, i.e. in e.g. another operating mode adjustable, e.g. controllable or regulateable, to a defined and / or constant actuating or line force in relation to e.g. 106' in a combined adjusting mechanism 112; 113; 112;.

[0100] 113 is mounted so as to be adjustable either in a position-based or force-based manner and / or the gap in question 104; 104'; 107; 107' is adjustable to a constant and / or defined gap width or to a constant and / or defined setting or line force in the above sense, in particular controllable or regulated in the above sense. Here too, without limiting the above-mentioned specific embodiments, any of the two rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' involved in the gap in question 104; 104'; 107; 107' can in principle be adjusted in this way by the corresponding combined actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111' and / or can be connected to corresponding combined adjusting mechanisms 112; 112'; 113; 113' must be stored accordingly.This also applies to designs in which one of the rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' involved in the respective gap 104; 104'; 107; 107' is mounted in such a way that it can be adjusted together with another roller 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' not involved in this gap 104; 104'; 107; 107'.

[0101] In an advantageous embodiment, the combined actuator 109; 109'; 111; 11T is formed by a force-based, in particular force-controllable or adjustable, actuator 111; 11T with an actuating mechanism 113; 113'; 112; 112', into whose actuating path a stop 119, which can be positioned, for example, via drive and / or actuating means 145; 146, can be optionally introduced to limit the position. A cylinder-piston system 133 actuated by pressure medium, in particular hydraulically, is preferably provided as the drive means 133.

[0102] For positioning, the first roller 102; 102' can be mounted via a bearing mechanism 113; 113'; 112; 112' and / or a position-based or force-based or optionally position- or force-based actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111', for example, in one direction with at least one movement component towards and / or away from the respectively assigned second roller 103; 103'. Additionally or instead, the counter-pressure roller 106; 106'; 103'; 103 can be mounted via a bearing mechanism 113; 113'; 112; 112' and / or a position-based or force-based or optionally position- or force-based actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111 ' can be mounted so as to be adjustable in a direction with at least one movement component towards and / or away from the second or an intermediate further roller 103; 103'.

[0103] Alternatively, the first roller 103; 103' with the associated second roller 102; 102' can be mounted in pairs so as to be movable towards and / or away from the associated counter-pressure roller 106; 106' via a common bearing mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' and / or a common, for example, position-based or force-based or optionally position- or force-based actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111', and in addition to this, the respective first roller 102; 102' can be mounted via a bearing mechanism 113; 113'; 112; 112' and / or a, for example, position-based or force-based or optionally position- or force-based actuator 109; 109'; 111; 111 ' is mounted in a direction with at least one movement component towards and / or away from the respectively associated second roller 103; 103'.

[0104] For all of the above-mentioned designs, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements, the first roller 102; 102' and the second roller 103; 103' forming the first gap 104; 104' with it are rotatably driven or driven mechanically independently of one another in opposite directions and at different circumferential speeds and / or by different drive means 148; 149, e.g. drive motors 148; 149, in particular at least speed-adjustable or controllable servo motors.

[0105] The first roller 102; 102' is operated at a lower speed, wherein the first roller 102; 102', in particular metering roller 102; 102', and the associated second roller 103; 103', in particular laminating roller 103; 103', are operable or operated, for example, in a ratio V102(102') : V103(103') of their peripheral speed of the first to the second roller 102, 102'; 103; 103', which lies in a range between 1:5 and 3:5, in particular 1:4.

[0106] The rollers 103; 106; 103; 103' forming the second gap 107; 107' together are preferably driven or can be driven mechanically independently of one another at the same peripheral speed by a common drive motor 148, in particular a servo motor, or preferably by different drive motors 148, in particular servo motors 148.

[0107] In an advantageous embodiment, the mechanically independent drive motors 148; 149 can be operated by a drive control via an electronic, in particular virtual, master axis.

[0108] Of particular advantage is a further development in which the first roller 102; 102' has, in the region of its lateral surface contributing to film formation, a surface which is more material-repellent with respect to the powder mixture and / or has a less strongly adhesively effective lateral surface than the second roller 103; 103' in the region of its lateral surface contributing to film formation.

[0109] At least the second roller 102; 102'; 103; 103' can have a polished and / or chrome-coated or ceramic-coated surface, at least in the region of its outer surface that contributes to film formation. The first roller 102; 102' can have a structured or material-repellent surface, at least in the region of its outer surface that contributes to film formation.

[0110] For all of the above-mentioned designs, variants, configurations, embodiments, or refinements, the first and / or second roller 102; 102; 103; 103' can be temperature-controlled, in particular heated, preferably such that its outer surface can be heated to at least 80°C, advantageously to at least 100°C, preferably to at least 120°C - e.g., at an ambient temperature of 25°C. Instead of this, or preferably in addition to this, the roller 106; 106' of the first group of embodiments, which functions only as a counterpressure roller 106; 106'; 103; 103, can also be temperature-controlled, in particular heated, preferably such that its outer surface can be heated to at least 80°C, advantageously to at least 100°C, preferably to at least 120°C - e.g., at an ambient temperature of 25°C.

[0111] The temperature control or heating can in principle be carried out electrically, but in an advantageous embodiment, it is realized here by passing a temperature control or heating fluid through the roller 102; 102'; 103, 103'; 106; 106' to be temperature controlled. The temperature control fluid, e.g., appropriately tempered water, is supplied to and discharged from the respective roller 102; 102'; 103, 103'; 106; 106' to be temperature controlled via a temperature control fluid line 134 and, e.g., a rotary union.

[0112] For all of the above-mentioned designs, variants, configurations, embodiments, or configurations, the two applicators 101; 10T, together with one or more substrate guide elements 121, possibly arranged directly before, after, or between them, are mounted in a common or possibly multi-part frame 128, e.g., two end-face frame walls 131 of a same or possibly multi-part frame 128. In the case of a common frame 128 with one-piece frame walls 131, a particularly rigid arrangement of the applicators 101; 10T can be provided in a laminating unit 100; 100* designed as an aggregate 100; 100*, e.g., a laminating aggregate 100; 100*.

[0113] In the event that a calendering unit 600; 600*, described below, also referred to as a calender 600; 600*, is provided in the substrate path - e.g., directly - downstream of the laminating unit 100; 100*, rollers 601; 60T; 602; 602* included in the calendering unit 600; 600* can, in an advantageous development, also be mounted in this frame 603 or, in an advantageous variant, e.g., as a separate unit 600; 600*, e.g., calendering unit 600; 600*, in side walls of a separate frame 603 arranged directly on and / or above the frame 128 carrying the application units 101; 10T.

[0114] In a version of the machine shown, for example, in Fig. 15 and Fig. 16, which may be somewhat longer but in which, for example, the risk of vibration transmission between the units 100; 100*; 600; 600*, in particular at least the laminating unit 100; 100* and the calendering unit 600; 600*, is reduced, the laminating unit 100; 100* and the calendering unit 600 provided there are arranged horizontally next to one another, preferably even in separate frames 128; 603, which are separated from one another, for example, in terms of vibration. The calendering unit 600; 600* can also be omitted in a variant of Fig. 3, Fig. 10, Fig. 15 and / or Fig. 16 (not shown).

[0115] However, a calendering unit 600; 600*, as shown, for example, in Fig. 15 and Fig. 16, or a calendering process additionally arranged downstream of the application of the dry film 003; 003*, is not mandatory and can be omitted entirely in a different design of the coating machine. In the latter case, calendering can then be omitted entirely or can be carried out or implemented in a separate process and / or a separate, e.g., second machine. The second machine comprises, for example, a substrate unwinder on the input side, from which the web-shaped intermediate product 002 can be unwound and guided along a substrate path through at least one calendering unit 600 to a roll winder on the output side or via a cross-cutting device to a delivery.

[0116] Fundamentally independent of, but advantageously in conjunction with one of the above-mentioned designs, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements of the applicators 101; 10T and / or coating devices 100; 100* and / or machine configurations, the frame 128 of the device for coating 100; 100* is designed in a particularly advantageous embodiment in several parts (see, for example, Fig. 17, Fig. 18, Fig. 19, Fig. 20 and Fig. 21). In this case, at least two adjacent rollers 102; 103; 103; 103'; 106 of the applicator 101; 101', in an advantageous embodiment at least the two rollers 103; 103' that form the laminating gap 107; 107' with one another and / or act as counter-pressure rollers 103; 103'; 106 with one another, are connected to one another. 103'; 106, on both sides in - in particular rigidly connected - frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4 of two different sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, which are variable in their relative position along an adjustment direction running perpendicular to the rotation axis R102; R103; R102'; R103'; R106; R106' of at least one of the two adjacent rollers 102; 103; 103; 103'; 106 such that a distance between their lateral surfaces or rotation axis R102; R103; R102'; R103'; R106; R106' and / or an effective adjustment force between the lateral surfaces of two adjacent rollers 102; 103; 103; 103'; 106 - e.g. via a carrier substrate 006 loaded or coated on at least one side or via the powdery material 004; 004' - can be varied or adjusted. In a preferred variant, one of the two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 can be fixed in a spatial manner - e.g. on a base of the coating device 100; 100* or in or on a higher-level frame structure 145, e.g.a base plate 145, fixed to the frame, - and the other of the at least two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 via a bearing mechanism 112; 113 within at least one adjustment range along the relevant adjustment direction, and in another variant, both one and the other of the adjacent sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 can be adjustable along the adjustment direction. The sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 each comprise, in particular, two frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4, which are rigidly, although possibly detachably, connected to one another via one or more cross connections, e.g., one or more cross members 136; 137. A movement of a sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 adjustable in the above manner can thus be carried out as a whole together with the roller 102; 103; 103; 103'; 106 or rollers 102; 103; 103; 103'; 106 carried by it. In an above-mentioned embodiment of an application unit 101 for only a one-sided application, iewith a first roller 102, e.g. the metering roller 102, a second roller 103, e.g. the laminating roller 103, and a pure counter-pressure roller 106, in a first, but not shown, embodiment variant, for example, the first and second rollers 102; 103 can be mounted together in or on frame walls 131.1 of a first sub-frame 128.1 and the counter-pressure roller 106 in or on frame walls 131.2 of a second sub-frame 128.2. For this purpose, for example, the first roller 102 in or on the first sub-frame 128.1 is force-based via the above-mentioned adjusting means 109; 111, e.g. force-defined, force-controlled or force-regulated in the above sense, and / or position-based, e.g. B. positionable in the above sense, position-controlled or position-regulated, mounted so that its setting force or its distance from the second roller 103 can be adjusted (wherein the “and” variant in the and / or expression here stands for a combined actuator that can be adjusted either force-based or position-based).In an alternative variant, for example, the second roller 102; 103 and the counterpressure roller 106 are mounted in or on frame walls 131.1 of a first sub-frame 128.1, and the first roller 102, e.g., the metering roller 102, are mounted on frame walls 131.3 of a separate sub-frame 128.3. For this purpose, the counterpressure roller 106, for example, is mounted in or on the first sub-frame 128.1 via the aforementioned adjusting means 109; 111 in a force-based manner, e.g., force-defined, force-controlled, or force-regulated, and / or position-based manner, e.g., positionable, position-controlled, or position-regulated, at a distance from the second roller 103.

[0117] In a preferred variant of the above-mentioned embodiment of an applicator 101 for only one-sided application, the first, the second and the counter-pressure rollers 102; 103; 106 are mounted in or on frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3 of a respective separate sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3. In this case, for example, one of the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3, preferably the sub-frame 128.2 carrying the second roller 103, is arranged in a spatially or frame-fixed manner, and the two other sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3 are mounted so as to be movable relative to it along the adjustment direction. In Fig. 18, for example, for this embodiment, For example, the right sub-frame 128.4 with frame walls 131.4 and the roller 102' is omitted, with the roller 103' then being designed as a pure counter-pressure roller 106.

[0118] 8 to 12 and Fig. 15, Fig. 16 as well as Fig. 17 and Fig. 18, the application unit 101; 10T as a double application unit 101; 10T for simultaneous double-sided application can, in a first variant not shown, the two roller pairs consisting of dosing and laminating rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103' be mounted in pairs in a sub-frame 128.1; 128.2, wherein the two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2 are positionally variable relative to one another in the above-mentioned manner such that a distance between the rotation axes R103; R103' of the two rollers 103; 103 forming the laminating gap 107 with one another 103' and / or a direct or indirect adjustment force acting between the lateral surfaces is variable. In this case, one of the subframes 128.1; 128.2 can be mounted in a spatially or frame-fixed manner and the other can be mounted movable in the adjustment direction. The metering rollers 102; 102' are, for example, mounted in the respective subframe 128.1; 128.2 via the above-mentionedAdjusting means 109; 111 are force-based, e.g. force-defined, force-controlled or force-regulated and / or position-based, e.g. positionable, position-controlled or position-regulated, mounted so as to be adjustable at a distance from the adjacent laminating roller 103. In an alternative variant, also not shown, the pair of rollers 103, 103' forming the laminating gap 107; 107' can be mounted in a first, common sub-frame 128.1 and the two metering rollers 102; 102' can each be mounted in their own sub-frame 128.3; 128.4, wherein the first sub-frame 128.2 is, e.g. spatially or frame-fixed and the two other sub-frames 128.3; 128.4 are movable relative to the first sub-frame 128.1 such that a distance between the rotation axes R102; 103; 102; 103' between the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103' and / or an adjusting force acting directly or indirectly between the lateral surfaces can be varied in the above-mentioned manner.In this case, one of the laminating rollers 103; 103' can be mounted so as to be adjustable at a distance from the other laminating roller 103 via the above-mentioned adjusting means 109; 111 in a force-based manner, e.g., force-defined, force-controlled, or force-regulated, and / or position-based manner, e.g., positionable, position-controlled, or position-regulated.

[0119] In a preferred embodiment of the application unit 101; 101 ' as a double application unit 101 ; 101 ' for simultaneous application on both sides, however, all four or - in the case of, for example, further intermediate rollers, all - rollers 102; 103, 102'; 103' are in frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4 of respective separate sub-frames 128.1; 128.2;

[0120] 128.3; 128.4. For example, one of the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, preferably a sub-frame 128.1 carrying a second or laminating roller 103, in particular the laminating roller 103 of the first applicator unit 101, is arranged in a spatially or frame-fixed manner, and the remaining sub-frames 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 are mounted so as to be adjustable along a direction preferably perpendicular to a rotational axis R103; 103' of a laminating roller 103; 103', in particular of the laminating roller 103 mounted so as to be fixed in the spatially or frame-fixed manner, and / or in a straight line, in particular horizontally extending adjustment direction.

[0121] Preferably, at least the roller 103 of the first application unit 101 which is involved in forming the second gap 107; 107' and which follows upstream with respect to the material flow and / or is the first roller 102 of the first application unit 101 is mounted in or on a third sub-frame 128.3 which is displaceable along an adjustment direction which runs perpendicular to the rotation axis R102; R103; R102'; R103'; R106; R106' of at least the roller 103 of the first application unit 101 which is involved in forming the second gap 107. In the case of the double application unit 101; 10T, in an advantageous embodiment, the roller 102 which is involved in forming the second gap 107; 107' involved laminating roller 103' of the second application unit 10T following upstream with respect to the material flow, in particular the first roller 102 of the second application unit 10T in or on a fourth sub-frame 128.4, which is displaceable along an adjustment direction that runs perpendicular at least to the rotation axis R103 of the roller 103 mounted in or on the spatially or spatially most positioned sub-frame 128.1.

[0122] For all of the above-mentioned designs with movable sub-frames 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, these are preferably movable on linear guides 112; 112', wherein separate guide sections 138, e.g., rail pieces 138, can be provided for each of the movable sub-frames 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, or continuous guides 138 or rails 138 can be provided for two or more displaceable adjacent sub-frames 128.2; 128.4. The sub-frames 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 can have support feet 139 on the bottom side that are designed to correspond to the guide sections 138 or guides 138 and comprise, for example, sliding or rolling elements.

[0123] The rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106 can in principle be mounted on a respective axis which is mounted in a rotationally fixed manner in the frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4 of the respective sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 via corresponding bearings 151 or advantageously - as shown, for example, in Figures Fig. 17 to Fig. 21 - with end-face roller necks in bearings 151, in particular radial bearings 151, which in turn are arranged in or on the respective frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4.

[0124] In the preferred embodiment here, the adjacent and relatively movable sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 can be moved towards one another in the setting direction, in particular tensioned, and moved away from one another again or at least released again by at least one drive means 132; 132'; 133; 133', in particular by at least one adjusting device 141 comprising a drive means 132; 132'; 133; 133', and optionally by further means transmitting the adjusting movement or force, per frame side, preferably by two or at least two adjusting devices 141, in particular pulling devices 141, e.g. in the manner of tensioning devices 141, per frame side. The pulling devices 141 can be designed in such a way that they not only produce the above-mentioned pulling force, but also, if necessary, an opposing force and / or a force that separates the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 from one another, e.g. a force between the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 effective compressive force can be applied. The mutually facing sides of the adjacent sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, which are arranged so as to be movable relative to one another, are designed, for example, to correspond to one another in such a way that the adjacent rollers 102; 103; 103; 103'; 106 supported by the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 - e.g. with appropriately positioned stop means 119 - can be brought with their effective lateral surfaces into a relative position desired for operation with, if necessary, a desired gap width or a gap width adjusted by the load.

[0125] In an advantageous embodiment of such an applicator 101; 10T with a multi-part frame 128, at least one actuator 109; 109', which effects the adjustment, e.g., the variation of the position and / or the contact force between the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103' and comprises a drive means 132; 133, is designed to be position-based, e.g., positionable, position-controlled, or position-regulated, or - in a particularly advantageous embodiment - can be operated optionally in a position-based manner, e.g., force-defined, force-controlled, or force-regulated, or in a position-based manner, e.g., positionable, position-controlled, or position-regulated.

[0126] In this case, for example, a drive means 133 which acts on the sub-frame 128.3; 128.4 carrying the first roller 102; 102' and on the sub-frame 128.1; 128.2 carrying the second roller 103; 103'; 106 and is operable or operated in a force-based manner, in particular a cylinder-piston system 133 which can be acted upon by pressurised fluid, in particular hydraulically, is provided as drive means 133, as well as at least one cylinder-piston system 133 which is effective between the sub-frame 128.3; 128.4 carrying the first roller 102; 102' and the sub-frame 128.1; 128.2 carrying the second roller 103; 103'; 106 and - e.g. A stop means 119 is provided which can be adjusted, for example, via actuating and / or driving means 146 and / or by means of a servomotor - and which may, for example, be controlled or regulated in its stop effect - and which can be inserted into the actuating path selectively and / or to a greater or lesser extent in a way that limits the travel.In principle, any desired, preferably adjustable, stop means 119 can be provided as the stop means 119, by means of which an adjusting movement between the two respective sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 can be limited and preferably adjustable with respect to the end position. This can be, for example, one or more stops 119 based on a respective screw thread, which can be moved, in particular rotated, into a desired position manually or via a remotely operable actuating and / or drive means 146 - possibly via a gear and / or by a servo motor. In a preferred embodiment here, stop means 119 based on a wedge gear are provided as the stop means 119, for example, opposing wedge-shaped strips, e.g., as stops 119, which interact in pairs with opposite sides and have a strength that varies in opposite directions.For positioning, it is sufficient if, for example, one of the wedge-shaped strips is displaced or can be displaced relative to the other in the longitudinal direction of the pair of strips by a suitable actuating and / or driving means 146, e.g., a motor-driven actuator 146, for example, formed by a screw drive, or a motor-driven rack. Such stop means 119 allow a very sensitive variation of the end position defined by the stop means 119 with a large length of the interacting sides and a small gradient in strength.

[0127] In an advantageous embodiment, at least one actuator 109; 109', which effects the variation and / or the setting force between the two rollers 103; 103'; 106; 106' forming the second nip 107; 107' between them and comprises a drive means 132; 133, is designed to be force-based or - in a particularly advantageous embodiment - can be operated either force-based or position-based. In this case, for example, the drive means 133 is a drive element 134 mounted on the two sub-frames 128.1, 128.2, which support the rollers 103; 103'; 106; 106' forming the second nip 107; 107' between them. 105', a drive means 133, in particular a cylinder-piston system 133 which can be pressurised with pressurised fluid, preferably hydraulically, is provided, as well as at least one drive means 133 which can be acted upon directly or indirectly and is operable or operated in a force-based manner, in particular a drive means which can be operated or operated in a force-controlled or force-regulated manner, and at least one drive means 133 which can be acted upon by pressurised fluid, preferably hydraulically, is provided between these two sub-frames 128.1, 128.2 effective and adjustable stop means 119 via actuating and / or driving means 146. The stop means 119 can be designed in a manner as described above or deviating therefrom, but at least adjustable in its stop effect, e.g. controllable or regulatable.

[0128] The drive means 133 can act directly or indirectly on the two adjacent sub-frames 128.1, 128.2; 128.3, 128.4 in question, in that one active end of the drive means 132; 133, e.g. the piston or the piston rod 142 extending therefrom of a cylinder-piston system 132; 133 which can be acted upon, for example, with pressurized fluid, in particular hydraulically, on the one hand and / or one end of the cylinder on the other hand, e.g. directly, is connected to the respective sub-frame 128.1, 128.2; 128.3, 128.4. However, a connection can also be made indirectly, e.g. via further means transmitting the actuating movement and / or actuating force, e.g. B. a one-part or multi-part transmission element capable of tensile and / or compressive loading, e.g. in the form of a tension and / or compression rod, which extends or continues the piston or the piston strand 142 on the one hand and / or possibly the cylinder on the other hand.The respective connection of the adjusting device 141 comprising the drive means 133 or directly of the drive means 133 itself, e.g., via pressure and / or tension plates 143; 144, determines an engagement surface for the action of the drive means 132; 133 in the present sense. Preferably, the two active ends of the adjusting device 141 or of the drive means 133 comprised by it are connected to the respective sub-frames 128.1, 128.2; 128.3, 128.4 in a manner not only tensile but also compressive, as viewed in the direction of adjustment. This enables not only movement toward one another but also active movement away from one another.

[0129] In a preferred embodiment, between each two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 at least one adjusting device 141 comprising a drive means 132; 133 and causing a relative adjusting movement and / or tensile force between the two sub-frames 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, in particular an above-mentioned pulling device 141, e.g. in the manner of a tensioning device 141, acts on the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 in such a way that it the two rollers 102; 103; 103'; 103' or the mutually adjacent sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 with a force directed towards one another between the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 into a relative position or setting relating to a predetermined gap width and / or setting force and - if necessary against a force directed opposite to the setting direction by the powdery material 004 or the coated carrier substrate 006 - with this relative position orKeep the setting force constant unless there is a deviating specification regarding the relative position and / or setting force to be maintained. This means that a tensile force can be introduced between the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 by the drive means 132, which can be adjusted or controlled or regulated, for example based on position or force, which moves the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 or rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103' towards a desired gap width or a desired setting force - if necessary against the opposing forces caused by the material 004 - or holds them at such a position. In contrast to the application of a pure pushing force to one of the two rollers 102; 103; 103'; 103' or sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 from an outside has the advantage that the setting force only acts on the respective roll gap 104; 104'; 107; 107', and not - e.g.by pressing the second roller 103 against a further roller 103'; 106 - additionally and uncontrolled applies a force to a further, adjacent gap, e.g. a second gap 107; 107', viewed in the adjustment direction. The at least one drive means 132 or the adjusting device 141 comprising the drive means 132 acts with its two active sides or active ends on the adjacent rollers 102; 103; 103'; 103' or sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, in particular in such a way that, in order to set the relevant gap 104; 104'; 107 between the adjacent rollers 102; 103; 103'; 103', it acts on these or their sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 are subjected to an actuating force directed towards one another, ie a tensile force causing the movement and / or actuating force is introduced between the two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, which brings about the above-mentioned advantage.In the solution proposed here, one or more adjusting devices 141 with a drive means 132; 133 act on the adjacent sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 between two or each two adjacent sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 with their respective active ends, i.e. the ends of the drive means 132; 133 or of the adjusting device 141 which can be varied by activation in terms of the distance to one another and / or in terms of the tensile force exerted between them, in such a way that - for an adjustment - e.g. position- or force-based - a tensile force can be introduced between the two adjacent sub-frames which causes a relative movement between the sub-frames and / or an adjustment force between the rollers, i.e. that the adjusting device 141 or the drive means 132; 133 pulls the two rollers 102; 103; 103'; 103' or sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 towards each other for an adjustment - e.g. position- or force-based.

[0130] In the embodiments according to Figures 17 to 21, a force-based drive means 133, in particular a force-controlled or force-regulated drive means 133, and / or a drive means 133 configured as a cylinder-piston system 133 that can be pressurized with pressurized fluid, in particular hydraulically, is preferably provided for setting both the first and the second gap 104; 104'; 107; 107'. Such a cylinder-piston system 133 is preferably configured or designed such that a force of at least 20 kN, preferably at least 50 kN, can be applied by it in the respective roll gap 104; 104'; 107; 107'. Preferably, at least two such cylinder-piston systems 133 are provided on each frame side, acting between two adjacent sub-frames, whereby the above-mentioned force or line force can be applied by their entirety, for example.

[0131] The rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106 can in principle be mounted on a respective axis that is non-rotatably mounted in the frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4 of the respective sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3, 128.4 via corresponding bearings 151, or advantageously - as shown, for example, in Figures 17 to 21 - with end-face roller necks in bearings 151 designed as radial bearings 151, wherein the bearings 151 are in turn provided or arranged in or on the respective frame walls 131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4. In both cases, the rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106 or their roll necks or axes viewed in the axial direction are effectively radially supported on a width b151 of the bearing 151, which is defined by one or more rows of the roll necks or axes against the respective subframe 128.1; 128.2; 128.3,

[0132] 128.4 supporting bearing elements. In the case of the rotation-enabling radial bearing 151, these can be one or more circumferentially arranged rows of rolling elements or sliding surfaces. The effective support width b151 results from the distance between the two outer edges of the single row of bearing elements or the two outer rows of bearing elements.

[0133] In a particularly advantageous embodiment - e.g. with regard to the lowest possible deformation - two or two of the adjacent sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3;

[0134] 128.4 an adjusting device 141 with its two effective ends, which can be varied in distance from one another, on one of the two partial frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 in such a way that a same plane G running perpendicular to the axis of rotation R102; R103, R102'; R103' of at least one of the rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103'; 106; 106' mounted on the two adjacent partial frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, in particular running within the frame wall width, at least the respective effective support width b151, viewed in the axial direction, of the rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103'; 106; 106' mounted in the two partial frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3;

[0135] 128.4 mounted rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103'; 106; 106' as well as an engagement surface formed in the area of ​​the acting end with the respective sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, for example the cross section of a pressure and / or tension plate 143; 144 supported on the end of the adjusting device 141 on the respective sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 or fastened thereto, in particular even a working cross-section, ie the effective piston or cylinder inner cross-sectional area, in the cylinder of the drive means 133 formed, for example, by a cylinder-piston system 133. This ensures that the tensile stress acts in the alignment of the support and that tilting in bearing 151 caused by the tensile stress is avoided.

[0136] In a preferred embodiment, for all designs of the application units 101; 10T or 10T presented in conjunction with the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4

[0137] Double application units 101. 10T the rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103, 103'; 106 are arranged relative to one another, at least in the operating position, such that their rotational axes R102; R103, R102'; R103' intersect the same connecting line in at least one radial alignment.

[0138] For the force-based drive means 133 or actuators 133, the force applied by the drive means 133 is preferably adjustable, in particular controllable or regulatable. In the case of cylinder-piston systems 133 operable with pressurized fluid, e.g., with compressed air or preferably with a pressurized fluid (e.g., pressurized oil), the pressure of the pressurized fluid provided by a pressure source is, in particular, adjustable, in particular controllable or regulatable, at least within a control range required for operation, e.g., via a pressure control valve or a pump that is controllable or regulatable with respect to the pressure to be provided on the output side.

[0139] In the case of the force-based, controlled, or regulated second roller gap 107; 107' and the position-based, controlled, or regulated first roller gap 104; 104', at least the respective first roller 102; 102' or its subframe 131.3; 131.4 is not stationary in the adjustment direction during production, but is movable or freely mounted at least within an adjustment range, e.g., of at least ±5 pm. This makes it possible to advance the first roller 102; 102' in the event that the distance d104; d104' between the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102'; 102' fluctuates due to possibly slightly fluctuating material densities.

[0140] Fundamentally independent of, but advantageously in conjunction with one of the above-mentioned designs, variants, configurations, embodiments or configurations of the applicators 101; 10T and / or coating devices 100; 100* and / or machine configurations and / or frames 128, in a particularly advantageous embodiment, at least the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102; 103' with their R102; R103, R102'; R103' - generally or in at least one operating situation - are inclined to one another, i.e., are not mounted or cannot be mounted parallel (see, for example, the principle from Fig. 22). However, these preferably run in two parallel planes.

[0141] If such a bearing arrangement is to be implemented generally and without the possibility of variation, the inclined arrangement can already be taken into account in the arrangement of the bearings 151 in a single-part or multi-part frame; 128.1, 128.2, 128.3, 128.4.

[0142] Preferably, however, the axes of rotation R102; R103, R102'; R103' are inclinable relative to one another, ie inclinable from a parallel position into a position relative to one another or to different angles of inclination α. ​​In this case, for example, one of the rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103', in particular the second roller 103, 103', is operationally fixed in space during the alignment of its R102; R102', R103; R103', although possibly movable parallel in space without changing the inclination, and the other of the rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103', in particular the first roller 102; 102', with its axis of rotation R102; 102' relative to the alignment of the R102; R102', R103; R103' and / or mounted so as to be tiltable relative to the course of the rotation axis R102; R102', R103; R103' of the other roller 103; 103'; 102; 102', in particular second rollers 103; 103'. The pivoting preferably takes place around an actual or imaginary pivot axis, which, for example,lies in a plane comprising the rotation axes R102; R102', R103; R103' of the two rollers 102; 103; 102; 103' and / or preferably runs perpendicular to the rotation axes R102; R103; R102; R103' of both the first and the second roller 102; 103; 102; 103' and / or intersects their rotation axes R102; R103; R102; R103'.

[0143] Such inclination can, in principle, be realized directly via a special design of the bearing accommodating the inclinable roller 102; 102'; 103; 103' in the frame 128. For example, a bearing 151, e.g., a bearing 151 comprising an eccentric, can be provided on at least one, preferably both, side, by which a radial position of the respective rotational axis R102; R103, R102'; R103' can be varied in the bearing 151. Alternatively, a radially movable bearing can be provided on one or preferably both sides of the frame 128, the movement of which allows the respective bearing position to be radially varied.

[0144] Preferably, the first and second rollers 102; 103; 102; 103' of a same application unit 101; 10T, e.g. on the first and / or second application unit 101; 10T, corresponding, for example, to an embodiment of the multi-part frame 128 described above or below, are mounted in or on mutually different sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, wherein one of the two sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, preferably the sub-frame 128.3; 128.4, as a whole, ie including the associated frame walls 131.1, 131.2, 131.3, 131.4, one or more cross members 136; 137 and the roller 102; 103; 102; 103' mounted therein, can be pivoted about a pivot axis S running perpendicular to its rotational axis R102; R103, R102'; R103' and intersecting it over at least the maximum effective width of the roller 102; 103; 102; 103' (see e.g. Fig. 17, Fig. 18, Fig. 19, Fig. 21 and Fig. 23).

[0145] The pivotable sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 is, in an advantageous embodiment, mounted on at least two bearing points 153 which are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction around the pivot axis S, wherein they lie at a radius Rs on a circular arc K which runs around the pivot axis S and / or determines the position of the pivot axis S (see, for example, Fig. 23). The bearing points 153 are formed, for example, by sliding or preferably rolling elements 153, e.g. rollers, which are arranged in two spaced-apart bearing blocks 147. The rollers are rotatable about an axis parallel to the pivot axis S. The radius Rs of the circular arc K is, for example, greater than half, in particular than the entire maximum usable width of the section connected to the sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 pivoted roller 102; 103; 102; 103'. This allows a large adjustment range for even the smallest changes in inclination.

[0146] The bearing blocks 147 are mounted, for example, on guides 138 running perpendicular to the rotation axes R102; R103, R102'; R103' of the roller 102; 103; 102; 103' carried by the pivotable sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 and can be displaced on these guides together with the sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 mounted thereon in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis R102; R103, R102'; R103'.

[0147] In a preferred embodiment, the bearing points 153 for supporting the pivotable sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 interact with bearing surfaces 154 facing the bearing points 153, which are arranged in a lower region of the sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, in particular in the region of the lower end of the two relevant frame walls 131.1, 131.2, 131.3, 131.4 and / or - at least within an adjustment range for the pivoting movement in the circumferential direction of the circular arc K - have a surface supported on at least one bearing point 153 with a profile that is curved in the shape of a circular arc, at least within an adjustment range. The radius of curvature preferably corresponds to the above-mentioned radius Rs.

[0148] In principle, pivoting can be effected manually, but a drive means, particularly one that can be operated remotely, is preferred, by which the relevant sub-frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 can be pivoted. The pivoting or the angle of inclination α, for example, involves angles that lie between 0.1° and 2.0°, in particular between 0.5° and 1.5°, preferably 1.0°. The adjustment range for the pivoting can then be, for example, a range from 0° to at least 1°, advantageously from 0° to at least 1.5°, or even from 0° to 2.0° or possibly more.

[0149] The above description of the partial frame 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4 which can be pivoted about the pivot axis S is to be transferred to all of the above descriptions of the split frame 128; 128.1, 128.2, 128.3, 128.4 with the proviso that the partial frame 128.1; 128.3 of the first or second roller 102; 103, in particular the first roller 102 of a simple application unit 101, ie one intended for one-sided application, or the partial frame 128.1; 128.3; 128.2; 128.4 of the first or second roller 102; 103, in particular the first roller 102 of both application units 101; 10T of a double application unit 101, 10T is pivotable in the above-mentioned manner and is advantageously designed with the above-mentioned means.

[0150] Regardless of the pivoting of the roller 102; 103; 102; 103' together with or without the sub-frame 128.1, 128.2, 128.3, 128.4, the pivot axis S preferably lies in a plane comprising the rotation axes R102; R103; R102; R103' of the two adjacent rollers 102; 103; 102; 103' and / or runs perpendicular at least to the rotation axis R102; R103; R102; R103' of the pivotable roller 102; 103; 102; 103', advantageously to the rotation axes R102; R103; R102; R103' of both the first and the second roller 102; 103; 102; 103' and / or intersects at least the rotation axis R102; R103; R102; R103' of the pivotable roller 102; 103; 102; 103', advantageously the rotation axes R102; R103; R102; R103' of both the first and the second roller 102; 103; 102; 103'.Advantageously, the pivot axis S of the pivotable roller 102; 102'; 103; 103' intersects the rotation axis R102; R103; R102; R103' of the pivotable roller 102; 103; 102; 103'k, advantageously the rotation axes R102; R103, R102'; R103' of both the first and the second roller 102; 103; 102; 103', preferably in the central region, ie for example at most 15% of the usable length from the center, or in particular at the level of the center of the maximum usable roller width. In the illustrated and preferred embodiment, the pivoting movement of the rotation axis R102; R103, R102'; R103' takes place in a plane perpendicular to the pivot axis S, without the plane moving toward the pivot axis during pivoting and / or without the pivot axis changing its position in space. This allows pivoting to be accomplished independently of the actuation and deactivation of the actuator, and vice versa.

[0151] In a preferred embodiment, for all designs of the application units 101; 10T or double application units 101, 10T presented in connection with the sub-frames 128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4, the rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103, 103'; 106 are arranged relative to one another, at least in the operating position, such that their axes of rotation R102; R103, R102'; R103'; R106 intersect the same, here in particular horizontally running, connecting line in at least one radial alignment along the axes of rotation R102; R103, R102'; R103'; R106. In the case of one or more inclined rollers 102; 103; 102'; 103, 103'; 106, this connecting line coincides, for example, with the respective pivot axis S. Without an inclined roller 102; 103; 102'; 103, 103'; 106, the rotation axes R102; R103, R102'; R103'; R106 are advantageously parallel - as already explained, for example, in a variant embodiment described above - and even lie in the same, here in particular horizontal, plane.

[0152] For all of the above-mentioned designs, variants, configurations, embodiments or refinements, the actuator 109; 109'; 111; 11 T and / or the bearing mechanism 112; 112'; 113; 113' comprised thereby of at least the rollers 103; 103'; 106; 106' forming the second gap 107; 107' are preferably designed to form, during operation, a gap width of at least 15 pm, advantageously of at least 30 pm, in particular of at least 50 pm at the narrowest point and / or, in particular at least within the limits defining the maximum adjustment path, a gap extending between the two rollers 103; 106; 103; 103' via a product strand 002; 002' to be formed and / or by at least one adjusting mechanism 112; 112' and / or at least one actuator 109; 109' caused contact pressure or line force, and / or in the second gap 107; 107' at least in the area of ​​its width contributing to film formation and / or film application, a line force of e.g.B. at least 500 N / mm, advantageously at least 700 N / mm, preferably a line force between 500 N / mm and 3000 N / mm, between the second gap 107;.

[0153] 107' forming rollers 103; 103'; 106; 106' and / or to enable a desired line force to be kept constant even with fluctuating dry film thickness by - e.g. automatic or controlled - adjustment of at least one of the two rollers 103; 106; 103; 103'. In contrast to adjustment controlled via a control circuit, automatic adjustment is, for example, adjustment which is carried out by the drive means - preferably adjustable on a force-based basis, in particular force-controlled or force-adjustable - or its application of force itself and without adjustment via an additional control circuit.

[0154] For all of the above-mentioned designs, variants, configurations, embodiments or configurations, in a particularly advantageous further development, an extraction system 123; 123' is provided above the respective application unit 101; 10T or the application units 101; 10T, through which any escaping gases or vapors that may arise can be extracted.

[0155] The rollers 102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106; 106' of the above-mentioned applicators 101; 10T are preferably designed with a width in the range of 400 mm to 800 mm, in particular 500 mm to 700 mm, which can be used for film formation and / or application.

[0156] A machine for producing, in particular in an inline process, a multi-layer product (see e.g. Fig. 3, Fig. 10, Fig. 15 or Fig. 16), which has on at least one side of a carrier substrate 006 the above-mentioned dry film 003; 003' formed from a powder mixture, preferably comprises a substrate feed 200, through which the carrier material 006 can be fed to the machine on the input side, a first substrate path section 300, via which the carrier substrate 006 is fed to an application stage 100; 100* for applying the dry film 003; 003' to at least one side of the carrier substrate 006 and a second substrate path section 400, via which the carrier material 006 provided with the dry film 003 on at least one side can be fed to a product holder 500, through which the product can be formed into product containers, e.g. B. can be combined into rolls or stacks.

[0157] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the application stage 100; 100* is designed in one of the above-mentioned designs, embodiments, configurations, embodiments, or variants for the device 100; 100* described above. Instead of the application stage 100 shown as an example in Fig. 3, all designs, embodiments, configurations, embodiments of the first group of exemplary embodiments can be used, and instead of the application stage 100* shown as an example in Fig. 10, Fig. 15, or Fig. 16, all of the second group can be used. In the exemplary embodiments of the machine shown in Fig. 15 and Fig. 16, designs, embodiments, configurations, embodiments, or variants of the first group can also be used for the application stage 100, i.e., with separate application devices 101; 10T, as variants.

[0158] In an advantageous embodiment, the substrate feed 200 is formed by a substrate unwinder 200, in particular a roll changer 200, preferably by a roll changer 200 comprising multiple roll positions and / or qualified for non-stop roll changing. It can advantageously comprise a substrate guide element 202 designed as a motor-driven roller 202, in particular a tension roller 202, and / or a substrate guide element 203 in the form of a dancer roller 203, e.g., spring-loaded on a lever or a guide transversely to the substrate path or deflected by a force.

[0159] At the substrate unwinder 200, the carrier substrate web 006 is unwound and fed to the substrate path leading through the machine at the unwinding location on the input side.

[0160] In the case of a pull roller 202 included in the substrate unwinder and, for example, structurally assigned thereto (see, for example, Fig. 3 or Fig. 10 as an example), this can be included in a pull mechanism 207, in particular an infeed mechanism 207, which, for example, in addition to the pull roller 202, has a drive means that drives the pull roller 202 - in particular independently of other pull rollers - and whose speed can be regulated and / or controlled, in particular a drive motor, e.g. in the form of a servo motor, and / or pressure rollers that can be adjusted to the pull roller 202 to increase the friction. In this case, the roller 202 or the drive means - depending on the web tension conditions and / or web tension requirements present before and after the roller 202 - can also be operated or operated in a generator-like manner or in a way that inhibits the advance of the carrier substrate web 006, for example in the subsequent and, for example,to build up or maintain a specific and / or desired web tension in a substrate path section 300 extending up to a next clamping or web pulling point or in a part of the substrate path section 300 formed by a subsequent substrate path section.

[0161] For example, a substrate guide element 208; 307 can be designed in the substrate path as a measuring roller 208, e.g. a web tension measuring roller 208; 307 (shown as an example for all embodiments, e.g. in Fig. 16), which is still structurally assigned to the substrate path in the roll unwinder 200 or already to the first substrate path section 300, by means of which, for example, the web tension or at least a variable representing the web tension can be determined in order to use this, for example, to regulate the web tension, e.g. via the conveying speed of individual units 100; 100*; 600 or one or more, in particular, motor-driven, web guide elements 202; 308; 401; 502.

[0162] The substrate feed 200 designed as a roll changer 200 advantageously comprises a roll drive that is mechanically independent of the rest of the machine and / or driven by a single motor and / or a lifting device to support a roll loading and / or roll unloading process.

[0163] In an advantageous embodiment, a device for lateral web edge control 204 (shown as an example for all embodiments, e.g., in Fig. 15) can be provided in the substrate path section attributable to the substrate feed 200 and / or in the adjoining first substrate path 300. This device, in particular, comprises a sensor system detecting a web edge and an actuator causing a lateral offset of the carrier substrate, e.g., a pair of turning bars pivotable about an axis extending perpendicular to the transport direction Ts. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the web edge control 204 is combined with a bonding device 206, e.g., a bonding table 206.

[0164] Instead or additionally, in an advantageous embodiment, a spreading device, in particular a single- or multi-element web guide element with a convex outer surface, is provided in the substrate path section of the substrate feed 200 and / or in the first substrate path 300.

[0165] In an advantageous development, a single- or multi-part pretreatment station 302, in particular a cleaning and / or deionization station 302, is provided in the first substrate path 300, by means of which the carrier substrate 006 is or can be freed from surface contaminants, e.g., dust or cutting residues, and / or electrical charge carriers on one or both sides in a contactless or contact-based process. In the first substrate path 300, in particular downstream of any cleaning provided, a measuring station 303, in particular with a sound- or radiation-based measuring device 303, is advantageously provided, by means of which the material thickness of the carrier material 006 can be checked for its thickness and / or homogeneity in the thickness and / or for contaminants and, for example,In the event of inadmissible deviations from a target specification, an optical and / or acoustic warning signal and / or an error signal is transmitted to a machine control system and / or a control center.

[0166] For all versions of the machine, in an advantageous embodiment, a substrate guide element 208; 307 can be designed as a measuring roller 307 (shown as an example for all versions, e.g., in Fig. 15 and Fig. 16) in a substrate path section structurally assigned to the roll unwinder 200 and / or in an adjoining substrate path section of the first substrate path 300, by means of which, for example, the web tension can be determined in order to use this, for example, to regulate the web tension, e.g., via the conveying speed of individual units 100; 100*; 600 or one or more, in particular, motor-driven, web guide elements 202; 308; 401; 502. In this case, only one of the two measuring rollers 208; 307 or, advantageously, both measuring rollers 208; 307 can be provided, wherein in the latter case, e.g.the downstream measuring roller 307 is used to determine and / or control the substrate path section upstream of the web tension in the first or only application point as described below.

[0167] In an advantageous further development, a pretreatment station 304, designed as an application station 304, is provided in the first substrate path 300, for example, through which the carrier material 006 can be exposed to a binder and / or a primer on one or both sides. In this case, a dryer (not shown), e.g. a hot air or radiation dryer, can preferably be provided directly downstream of the application station 304. In a particularly preferred embodiment, considered in principle on its own, but advantageous in conjunction with one or more of the other embodiments of the machine, a thermal pretreatment station 306, in particular a temperature control station 306, e.g.An infrared radiation source 306 may be provided, by which the carrier material 006 can be heated above ambient temperature, in particular to above 60°C, preferably to at least 80°C. This may, for example, be particularly advantageous for activating a bond-supporting or bond-inducing agent 007; 007' provided or applied to the carrier substrate 006. Fundamentally independent of this, but advantageous in conjunction with such a temperature control station 306, a sensor 311 for determining the temperature of the carrier substrate web 006, e.g., a temperature sensor 311, in particular a contactless and / or radiation-based temperature sensor 311, may be provided. The sensor 311, e.g., as a temperature sensor 311, can be part of a control circuit for regulating the temperature of the carrier substrate web 006 with the optionally provided temperature control station 306.

[0168] Instead of a pull roller 202 or a pull mechanism 207 assigned to the substrate unwinder 200, or possibly in addition thereto, a pull roller 308 or a pull mechanism 309 can be provided in the substrate path section 300 adjoining the substrate unwinder 200 and / or leading to the point of the first or only dry film application, i.e. to the first or only laminating nip 107; 107'. In the case of only one pull roller 202; 308 or only one pull mechanism 207; 309 in the substrate path between the unwinding from the roll 201 and the entry into the first or only laminating nip 107; 107', such a pull roller 202; 308 orSuch a pulling mechanism 207; 309 can basically be structurally assigned to the substrate unwinder 200, to a substrate path section 300 extending between the substrate unwinder 200, in particular from the unwinder, and the application stage 100; 100*, in particular the first or only application point, or can just as easily be structurally assigned to the application stage 100; 100* on the input side. What is essential here is that such a pulling roller 202; 308 or such a pulling mechanism 207; 309 is arranged upstream of the first application point, i.e., the first or only laminating gap 107; 107', in the substrate path, in order to build up or maintain a specific and / or desired web tension, for example, in the adjoining substrate path section or in a part of the substrate path section formed by a adjoining substrate path section. The traction mechanism has - in accordance with the traction mechanism 207 already described above - e.g.In addition to the pull roller 308, a drive means, e.g. in the form of a servo drive motor, which drives the pull roller 308 - in particular independently of other pull rollers - and whose speed can be regulated and / or controlled, and / or pressure rollers which can be engaged against the pull roller 308 to increase the friction. Depending on the web tension conditions and / or web tension requirements present upstream and downstream of the roller 308, the roller 308 or the drive means can also be operated or operated in a generator-like manner or to inhibit the advance of the carrier substrate web 006, for example in order to build up or maintain a specific and / or desired web tension in the subsequent substrate path section, which extends, for example, to a next clamping or web pulling point, or in a part of the substrate path section formed by a subsequent substrate path section.

[0169] In an advantageous embodiment, in the second substrate path 400, in particular in the substrate path immediately after the application stage 100; 100*, an above-mentioned calender 600 or an above-mentioned calendering unit 600 with two rollers 601; 602, in particular calendering rollers 601; 602, which form a gap, e.g. a calendering gap, between them, is provided. This has the advantage, for example, that if the desired density is not achieved during the dry film application, an end product 001 or merely an intermediate product 002 that still needs to be cut can still be produced with the desired density in the active material layer 003; 003'. In an alternative embodiment, already mentioned above but not illustrated here, the advantage of which lies, for example, in the independence of the processes and their optimization and thus in the quality and / or lower susceptibility to failure, for example B. in a plant or a system with several machines - a first above-mentionedA machine for coating a carrier substrate 006, in particular an aforementioned carrier substrate web 006, with a dry film 003; 003' formed from a powdered material 004; 004', which preferably comprises a coating device 100; 100* in one of the aforementioned advantageous embodiments in the substrate path, and a separate, second machine for compacting the dry film 003; 003' by means of at least one calendering unit 600; 600* provided in the substrate path of the second machine. Although these machines can in principle be provided at different locations, they are preferably provided—e.g., in the same plant building—in a plant or machine arrangement for producing a multilayer product 001 with a dry film applied to a carrier substrate, in particular for producing an electrode strand 002 or electrode units 001.In this case, a product strand 002, referred to here as a preliminary product, which has not yet been further compacted, is combined, for example, on the output side of the coating machine in the product holder 500, which is designed in particular as a product winder 500, into a roll 501 of preliminary product. This roll 501 is subsequently or at a later time fed to the input side of the second machine, in particular to a roll unwinder provided on the input side of this machine. The product strand 002 from the preliminary product is unwound there, guided through a calendering unit 600; 600' arranged in the substrate path, and wound on the output side as a fully compacted product strand 001 into a product roll 501 or laid out after a cross-cutting operation, which may be provided downstream of the calendering unit 600.

[0170] Regardless of whether the above-mentioned calendering process takes place inline in the same machine in which the dry film 003; 003' is applied to the carrier substrate 006, or whether calendering takes place separately from the application in a second machine, e.g. having a calendering unit 600; 600*, the calendering unit 600; 600* comprises two rollers 601; 601*; 602; 602*, e.g. calender rollers 601; 601*; 602; 602*, of which e.g. at least one, preferably both, is or are heatable, in particular heatable in such a way that its outer surface - e.g. B. at an ambient temperature of 25°C - to at least 80°C, advantageously to at least 100°C, preferably to at least 120 and / or between which a pressure with a preferably adjustable line force of at least 500 N / mm, advantageously at least 700 N / mm, in particular at least 1000 N / mm, preferably up to at least 2000 N / mm, orin particular a line force of between 500 N / mm and 3000 N / mm can be applied. The product strand 002, which is coated on at least one side, can be passed through the calendering gap for the purpose of further densifying the dry film 003; 003' using pressure and / or a temperature higher than the ambient temperature. The calendering rolls 601; 601*; 602; 602* have, for example, a diameter of at least 400 mm, in particular at least 500 mm, preferably at least 550 mm, and / or, for example, a usable width of, for example, at least 400 mm, in particular at least 500 mm, preferably at least 550 mm. To produce the said products 001; 002, a concentricity of each roll 601; 601*; 602; 602* with a maximum deviation of ± 2 m, preferably of ± 1 mm, is particularly advantageous.

[0171] Basically independent of, but advantageous in conjunction with one or more of the other embodiments of the machine, in a particularly advantageous embodiment, a cooling device 402, e.g. with one or more partially wrapped, temperature-controlled cooling rollers 402.1; 402.2, is provided in the second substrate path 400 after the application stage 100; 100*, or downstream of a calendering unit 600 that is provided, by means of which a product strand 002 passed through can be cooled, e.g. by at least 20°C, in particular by at least 50°C. Basically independent of, but advantageous in conjunction with one or more of the other embodiments of the machine, in an advantageous development, an inspection device 403; 403.1; 403.2, e.g. based on an optical and / or acoustic measurement, is provided in the second substrate path 400. B. with a sensor 403.1 directed to one side and a sensor 403 directed to the other side.2, by means of which the product surface can be checked for defects or imperfections, e.g. for completeness in the area and / or thickness of the applied dry film 003; 003'. The inspection device 403; 403.1; 403.2 can in this case - as shown in Fig. 15, for example - be provided in the substrate path downstream of the calendering unit 600 or - as shown in Fig. 16, for example - in the substrate path downstream of the application stage 100; 100' but upstream of the calendering unit 600. In the first case, defects caused by the calendering can be detected, while in the second case, defects caused in the application stage 100; 100' can be detected as early as possible. The inspection device 403 can in this case preferably be in the form of sensors 403.1; 403.2 each side shall include a camera, e.g. a line scan camera, through which the respective surface is recorded oroptically scanned and evaluated for faulty or missing areas via a downstream evaluation device.

[0172] Fundamentally independent of, but also advantageously together with other embodiments of the machine, but in particular in conjunction with an inspection device 403; 403.1; 403.2 provided on the substrate path, a device for defect marking 412 is provided in an advantageous further development, which can be formed, for example, by a printing device, e.g., an inkjet print head, or an insertion device, the latter being able to, for example, insert or apply a physical marking agent, e.g., a so-called marking flag or marking label, onto the carrier substrate web 006. For all versions of the machine, in an advantageous embodiment, at least one substrate guide element 409 can be designed as a measuring roller 409 in the second substrate path 400, by means of which, for example, the web tension can be determined in order to use it, for example, to regulate the web tension, e.g.about the relative conveying speed of individual units 100; 100*; 600 or one or more, in particular motor-driven, web guide elements 202; 308; 401; 502. Preferably, at least in the substrate path section of the second substrate path section 400 arranged downstream of the application stage 100; 100*, in particular the location of the last or only application, and upstream of a possibly provided calendering unit 600, in particular the location of any calendering that may take place, but particularly preferably both in the aforementioned substrate path section and in the substrate path section arranged downstream of the calendering unit 600 provided in an advantageous embodiment, at least one substrate guide element 409 is designed as a measuring roller 409. Instead or in addition to this, a substrate guide element 507 structurally associated with the product winder 500 can be designed as a measuring roller 507 arranged downstream of the calendering unit 600 in the substrate path.

[0173] In order to ensure optimal substrate flow through the application stage 100; 100*, in an advantageous embodiment, a substrate guide element 401 designed as a motor-driven pull roller 401 is provided in the second substrate path 400, preferably immediately behind the application stage 100; 100*, but upstream of any calendering unit 600 provided. This can be comprised of a pull mechanism 411, which, for example, in addition to the pull roller 401 itself, has a drive means, e.g., in the form of a servo drive motor, that drives the pull roller 401—in particular independently of other pull rollers—and whose speed is adjustable and / or controllable, and / or pressure rollers that can be engaged with the pull roller 401 to increase friction. In this case, the roller 401 or the drive means - depending on the web tension conditions and / or web tension requirements present before and after the roller 401 - can in principle also be operated in a generator-like manner orbe operable or operated to inhibit the advance of the carrier substrate web 006, but here is motorized to build up and / or maintain a web tension on the upstream substrate path section, ie conveying the carrier substrate web 006 in the transport direction Ts or operated or operable with an advance compared to, for example, the speed at an upstream next pull roller 202; 301 and / or the peripheral speed of the last or only laminating roller 107; 107' or the pair of laminating rollers 107; 107'.

[0174] Alternatively or additionally to this, in a preferred embodiment, a web tension compensation and / or control device 406 (e.g. shown in Fig. 15 as an example for all embodiments) is provided in the second substrate path 400 downstream of the application stage 100, 100*, optionally between the application stage 100; 100* and a calendering unit 600 provided in an advantageous embodiment), with e.g. a dancer roller 407 - e.g. spring-loaded on a lever or a guide transversely to the substrate path or deflected by a force - by means of which, for example, fluctuations in the web tension can be compensated and / or the conveying speed of an upstream or downstream unit 100; 100*; 600 or one or more, in particular motor-driven, web guide elements 202; 308; 401; 502 - in particular via the deflection of the dancer roller 407 - is adjustable.

[0175] For all designs and variants of the machine mentioned here, an embodiment is particularly advantageous in which, in the substrate path downstream of the application stage 100; 100* - in the case of a calendering unit 600; 600 provided in the substrate path downstream of a single or last calendering unit 600; 600 - a measuring station 408 for determining the product strand thickness, in particular the total thickness, is provided in the product holder before being combined to form the product bundle 501 (e.g. shown as an example in Fig. 15 and Fig. 16 for all designs).

[0176] Instead of or in addition to the above-mentioned cooling device 402 in the second substrate path section 400, such a cooling device or a further cooling device 402; 504 can also be provided in the substrate path section associated with the product holder 500 or on its frame. Such a cooling device 504 can be formed, for example, by a substrate guide element 504 designed as a cooling roller 504. Alternatively, such a cooling device 504—associated with the second substrate path section 400 or structurally associated with the product holder 500—can also be formed by one or more successively partially wrapped, temperature-controlled cooling rollers 504.1; 504.2.

[0177] In a further development, a sensor 508 for determining the temperature of the product 002, in particular of the product strand 002, can be arranged in the substrate path downstream of the calendering unit 600, which may be provided, for example downstream of the cooling device 504, which may be provided, but at the latest before the delivery, for example before winding in the product winder 500. The sensor 508, for example as a temperature sensor 508, is in particular designed as a contactless and / or radiation-based temperature sensor 311, and / or can be part of a control circuit for controlling the temperature with the cooling device 504, which may be provided.

[0178] In an advantageous embodiment, the product holder 500 is designed as a product winder 500, in particular in the form of a roll changer 500.

[0179] Preferably, the product winder 500 is qualified for a non-stop roll change and / or comprises an above-mentioned substrate guide element 502 designed as a motor-driven pull roller 502 and / or a substrate guide element 503 in the form of a dancer roller 503, e.g., spring-loaded on a lever or a guide transversely to the substrate path or deflected by a force.

[0180] In order to ensure optimal substrate travel between the optionally provided calendering unit 600 and the winding on the product winder 500, in an advantageous embodiment, a substrate guide element 401; 502 designed as a motor-driven pull roller 401; 502 can be provided in the second substrate path 400 or in a substrate path section attributable to the product winder 500. This can be comprised of a pull mechanism 411; 506, which, for example, in addition to the pull roller 401; 502, has a drive means, e.g., in the form of a servo drive motor, that drives the pull roller 401; 502—in particular independently of other pull rollers—and whose speed is adjustable and / or controllable, and / or pressure rollers that can be engaged with the pull roller 401; 502 to increase friction.

[0181] In a particularly advantageous embodiment of a machine comprising, for example, a calendering unit 600, which is particularly advantageous for stable and trouble-free inline continuous operation, both in a first substrate path section located between the point of unwinding from the substrate roll 201 in the substrate unwinder 200 up to the entry into the single or first laminating nip 107; 107' of the application stage 100; 100*, and in a second substrate path section located between the point of exit of the carrier substrate web, which is then provided at least on one side with the dry film 003; 003', from the single or downstream last laminating nip 107; 107' of the application stage 100; 100* and - for the embodiment with calendering unit 600; 600* - the entry into the calendering nip between the two calendering rollers 601; 602 located substrate path section, at least one positively driven pull roller 202; 308; 401; 502 and / or at least one measuring roller 208; 307; 409 is provided for determining a web tension.In an advantageous further development for the embodiment with calendering unit 600; 600*, a positively driven pull roller 502 and / or a measuring roller 409; 507 for determining a web tension is also provided in a third substrate path section located between the location of the exit of the carrier substrate web 006, which is provided at least on one side with the dry film 003; 003', from the calendering nip and the location of winding onto the product roll 501 in the product winder 500.

[0182] Preferably, a web tension control device (not shown here) is provided, which is connected on the input side to the measuring roller 208; 307; 409 provided in the first and the second substrate path sections mentioned above, and on the output side to a drive control of the roller drives of the tension roller 202; 308; 401 provided in the first and the second substrate path sections mentioned above, and which in particular has data processing and / or electronic switching means that are designed to build up and / or maintain a predetermined web tension and / or a predetermined web tension difference for the two substrate path sections by appropriately controlling the drive control of the drive of one or more of the tension rollers 202; 308; 401 in each of the two substrate path sections.In a further development, the web tension control device can additionally be connected on the input side to the measuring roller 409; 507 provided in the third above-mentioned substrate path section and on the output side to a drive control of the respective pull roller 502 provided in the third above-mentioned substrate path section and can, for example, also be controllable by these with respect to a predetermined web tension and / or a predetermined web tension difference with respect to the upstream substrate path section.

[0183] In general, and in particular also for a design of the machine without a calendering unit downstream of the application stage 100; 100*, what has been explained above regarding the draw rollers 202; 308; 401; 502 and measuring rollers 208; 307; 409, the signal connections and the web tension control device is to be transferred or applied to a design with at least one measuring and / or at least one draw roller 208; 307; 202; 308 in the first substrate path section between the unwinding and the point of the first application by the application stage 100; 100* and at least one measuring and / or at least one draw roller 409; 507; 401; 502 in a substrate path section between leaving the only or last point of the dry film application by the application stage 100; 100* and the winding in the roll winder 500. By means of a dancer roller 203; 407; 503 and a surrounding roller - and for example in aIn a control loop integrated into the web tension control device, for example, fluctuations in the web tension can be compensated or regulated and / or a conveying speed of an upstream or downstream unit 100; 100*; 600 or one or more, in particular motor-driven, web guide elements 202; 308; 401; 502, such as the drive of an upstream substrate unwinder 200 or downstream substrate winder 500 or an upstream or downstream pull roller 202; 308; 401; 502, in particular via the deflection of the dancer roller 407, can be regulated. B. on a guide or on a lever - spring-loaded transversely to the substrate path, in particular against the effective direction of the web tension of the substrate web 006 (or the product strand 002) looping around the roller with a force pneumatically or elastically pretensioned.

[0184] An above-mentioned pulling roller 203; 308; 401; 502 comprises, for example, a drive motor, in particular a servo motor, whose speed can be regulated and / or controlled, and / or interacts, for example, with one or more pressure elements, e.g., pressure rollers, to improve the conveying behavior and / or is, depending on the position in the substrate path, operable as a motor, for example to generate or maintain an upstream web tension, or as a generator, i.e. with a braking effect, for example to generate or maintain a downstream web tension, and / or is comprised of a control circuit, e.g., as an actuator, that regulates the web tension and is, for example, integrated into an above-mentioned web tension control device.

[0185] As an alternative to the machine design with a product holder 500 configured as a roll winder 500, in a particularly advantageous embodiment, a cross-cutting device can be provided in the second substrate path 400 or at the entrance to the product holder 500, by means of which a product strand 002 produced in the machine can already be cut crosswise into product sections 001. The product holder 500 is designed, for example, as a stack delivery device, in particular as a multiple stack delivery device that delivers several stacks one behind the other.

[0186] In a machine and / or device 100; 100* described above, for example, a web-shaped carrier substrate 006 is continuously and preferably provided on both sides with a dry film 003; 003' having a width smaller than the carrier substrate width, so that an uncoated edge of the carrier substrate remains on both sides.

[0187] List of reference symbols

[0188] 001 product, end product, product section, electrode unit, electrode

[0189] 002 Product, intermediate product, product strand, electrode strand

[0190] 003 Active material layer, material layer, dry film, powder composite film (especially solvent-free)

[0191] 003' Active material layer, material layer, dry film, powder composite film (especially solvent-free)

[0192] 004 Material, powdery, powder mixture (especially dry)

[0193] 004' Material, powdery, powder mixture (especially dry)

[0194] 005 -

[0195] 006 Carrier substrate, carrier substrate web, current collector substrate, current collector foil, web-shaped

[0196] 007 Bonding agent, primer, binder, adhesive 007' Bonding agent, primer, binder, adhesive 008 Part, material strip, edge strip

[0197] 100 Coating device, coating device, application stage, aggregate, laminating aggregate, laminating unit

[0198] 100* Coating device, coating device, application stage, aggregate, laminating aggregate, laminating unit

[0199] 101 Commissioned work, first

[0200] 10T applicator, second

[0201] 102 Roller, first, dosing roller

[0202] 102' roller, first, metering roller

[0203] 103 Roller, second, laminating roller, counterpressure roller

[0204] 103' Roller, second, laminating roller, counterpressure roller

[0205] 104 gap, first, film forming gap, metering gap, roll gap, nip

[0206] 104' Gap, first, film forming nip, metering nip, roller nip, nip - roller, counter-pressure roller ' Roller, counter-pressure roller Gap, second, application nip, laminating nip ' Gap, second, application nip, laminating nip - Actuator, actuating means, position-based ' Actuator, actuating means, position-based - Actuator, actuating means, force-based ' Actuator, actuating means, force-based Actuating mechanism, bearing mechanism, linear bearing' Actuating mechanism, bearing mechanism, linear bearing Actuating mechanism, bearing mechanism, three-ring bearing' Actuating mechanism, bearing mechanism, three-ring bearing Removal device, doctor blade, cleaning doctor blade' Removal device, doctor blade, cleaning doctor blade - Removal device, doctor blade, side edge doctor blade' Removal device, doctor blade, side edge doctor blade Collecting device, collecting pan ' Collecting device, collecting pan Roller, further, calender roller ' Roller, further, calender roller Stop device, wedge stop - Substrate guide element, guide roller, deflection roller Carrier, side parts (Subframe) ' Carrier,Side parts (base frame) Extraction ' Extraction limitation, side plate - Filling and / or supply area Material removal ' Material removal Frame (application stage) .1 Partial frame, first .2 Partial frame, second .3 Partial frame, further or third .4 Partial frame, fourth Removal device, squeegee, cleaning squeegee ' Removal device, squeegee, cleaning squeegee - Frame wall .1 Frame wall .2 Frame wall .3 Frame wall .4 Frame wall Drive means, path-based, motor, position-controllable and / or adjustable ' Drive means, path-based, motor, position-controllable and / or adjustable, Drive means, force-based, cylinder-piston system, motor, torque-controllable and / or adjustable ' Drive means, force-based, cylinder-piston system, motor, torque-controllable and / or adjustable Tempering fluid line - Traverse, base plate Traverse, cross member,

[0207] guide section, rail section, guide, rail

[0208] Supporting foot

[0209] Adjusting device, pulling device, tensioning device

[0210] Piston rods

[0211] Pressure and / or tension plate

[0212] Pressure and / or tension plate

[0213] Frame construction, base plate

[0214] Actuating and / or driving means, actuator

[0215] bearing block

[0216] Drive means, rotary, drive motor, speed-adjustable or controllable,

[0217] Servo motor

[0218] Drive means, rotary, drive motor, speed-adjustable or controllable,

[0219] Servo motor

[0220] Bearings, radial bearings

[0221] Bearing point, rolling elements, sliding elements,

[0222] Storage space

[0223] Substrate feed, substrate unwinder, roll changer

[0224] roll, substrate roll

[0225] Substrate guide element, roller, pull roller, positively driven

[0226] Substrate guide element, dancer roller

[0227] Web edge control

[0228] Gluing device, gluing table

[0229] traction mechanism, infeed mechanism

[0230] Substrate guide element, measuring roller, web tension measuring roller, substrate path section, conveyor section, first, upstream, feed side

[0231] Substrate guide element, roller, guide roller, deflection roller

[0232] Pretreatment station, cleaning station, deionization station

[0233] Measuring station (carrier substrate thickness)

[0234] Pretreatment station, application station

[0235] Pretreatment station, thermal, tempering station, infrared radiation source

[0236] Substrate guide element, measuring roller, web tension measuring roller

[0237] Substrate guide element, roller, pull roller, positively driven

[0238] traction mechanism

[0239] Sensor, temperature sensor

[0240] Substrate path section, conveyor section, second, downstream, discharge side

[0241] Substrate guide element, roller, pull roller, positively driven

[0242] Cooling device * Cooling device (alternative or additional)

[0243] Inspection facility

[0244] Substrate guide element, roller, guide roller, deflection roller

[0245] Web tension compensation and / or control device

[0246] Dancer roller

[0247] Measuring station (product strand thickness)

[0248] Substrate guide element, measuring roller, web tension measuring roller

[0249] traction mechanism

[0250] Defect marking 500 Product holder, product winder, roll changer 501 Product container, roll, product roll 502 Substrate guide element, pull roller, positively driven 503 Dancer roller 504 Cooling device, substrate guide element, roller, cooling roller 504.1 Cooling roller

[0251] 504.2 Cooling roller 505 506 Tensioning device 507 Substrate guide element, measuring roller, web tension measuring roller 508 Sensor, temperature sensor

[0252] 600 Calendering unit, unit, calendering unit 600* Calendering unit (alternatively or additionally), unit, calendering unit 601 Roll, calender roll, first, heated 601* Roll, calender roll, first (alternatively or additionally) 602 Roll, calender roll, second, heated 602* Roll, calender roll, second (alternatively or additionally)

[0253] 603 frame (calendering machine)

[0254] 700 Device for feeding powdered material, powder feeding device 700' Device for feeding powdered material, powder feeding device b Width b151 Support width d Thickness, layer thickness b003 Width (003; 003') b006 Width (006) b008 Width (008) d003 Thickness, layer thickness (003) d003' Thickness, layer thickness (003') d006 Thickness (006) d008 Thickness, layer thickness (008)

[0255] G Level

[0256] K circular arc a angle, angle of inclination

[0257] Rs radius (swivel movement)

[0258] S swivel axis

[0259] Ts transport direction (product strand 002, carrier substrate 006)

Claims

Claims 1. Device (100; 100*) for coating a carrier substrate (006) with a powdery material (004), having at least one first application unit (101; 102) which comprises a first roller (102; 102') and a second roller (103; 103'), which form a first roller gap (104; 104') serving for film formation in the nip between their lateral surfaces, through which powdery material (004) can be conveyed in order to form a first dry film (003), and having a roller (103'; 106) acting as a counterpressure roller (103'; 106), which forms a second roller gap (107) with the second roller (103) or with a further roller directly or indirectly following the second roller (103) downstream of the material flow, through which a coated carrier substrate (106) and on a first side with the in the first roller gap (104;104'), characterized in that the first, the second and the roller (102; 102'; 103; 103'; 106) acting as a counter-pressure roller (103'; 106) are each mounted on both sides in frame walls (131.1; 131.2; 131.3; 131.4) of three different sub-frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3), wherein the sub-frame (131.1) carrying the second roller (103) is arranged in a frame- or spatially fixed manner and the sub-frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3) carrying the first roller (102; 102') and the counter-pressure roller (103'; 106) are each arranged in a direction perpendicular to The rotational axis (R103) of the second roller (103) is mounted in a positionally variable manner relative to the frame- or spatially fixed sub-frame (128.1) of the second roller (103) in such a way that a respective distance of the rotational axes (R102; R102) of the first roller (102) from the rotational axis (R103) of the second roller (103) and the counter-pressure roller (103';106) to the rotation axis (R103) of the second roller (103) or of the further roller following downstream of the second roller (103) and / or a respective one in the first gap (104) between the lateral surfaces of the first and second rollers (102; 103) and in the second gap (107) between the counter-pressure roller (103'; 106) and the second; or the setting force effective on the further roller downstream of the second roller (103) is variable.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the roller (103') acting as a counter-pressure roller (103') is part of a second application unit (10T) as a laminating roller (103'), which comprises a first roller (102') of the second application unit (10T), which forms a roller gap (104; 104') with the laminating roller (103') acting as a counter-pressure roller (103') or with a further roller of the second application unit (10T) located therebetween, through which powdery material (004') can be conveyed in order to form a second dry film (003), which can be applied in the second roller gap (107) via the laminating roller (103') of the second application unit (10T) to the second side of the carrier substrate (106).

3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the first or further roller (102') of the second application unit (10T) is mounted in or on a fourth sub-frame (128.4) which is displaceable along an adjustment direction which runs perpendicular at least to the rotation axis (R103) of the roller (103) mounted in or on the spatially or positioned sub-frame (128.1) and / or to the rotation axis (R103') of the laminating roller (103') of the second application unit (10T).

4. Device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that for positioning the displaceable sub-frames (128.2; 128.3; 128.4) at least one actuator (109; 109'; 111; 11T) with an actuating device (141) comprising a drive means (132; 133) is provided.

5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the first gap (104; 104') between the first and second roller (102; 102'; 103; 103') is formed by the The actuating device (141) comprising drive means (132; 133) is adjustable at least in a position-based manner, ie is adjustable to a constant and / or defined gap width of the first gap (104; 104'), in that a position-based actuator (109; 109') is provided for adjusting the sub-frame (131.3) carrying the first roller (109).

6. Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the second gap (107) between the second roller (102; 102'; 103; 103') or the further roller of the first applicator unit (101) following downstream and the counter-pressure roller (103'; 106) can be adjusted in a force-based manner by the adjusting device (141) comprising the drive means (132; 133), ie can be adjusted to a constant and / or defined setting or line force, in that a force-based actuator (109; 109') is provided for adjusting the sub-frame (131.2) carrying the counter-pressure roller (103'; 106).

7. Device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that between two or in each case two adjacent sub-frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4) one or more adjusting devices (141) with a drive means (132; 133) are provided, which act with their respective active ends on the adjacent sub-frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4) and are designed such that by means of these between the two adjacent sub-frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4) a relative movement between the sub-frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4) and / or adjusting force between the rollers (102; 103; 102'; 103') causing tensile force can be introduced.

8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that between the mutually adjacent sub-frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4) of the rollers (102; 103; 102'; 103') forming the first roller gap (104; 104') and / or the second roller gap (107; 107') one or more a respective actuating device (141) is provided with position-based operable actuators (109; 109'), ie adjustable with respect to a desired position or orientation.

9. Device according to claim 5 or 8, characterized in that the position-based operable actuator (109; 109') comprises, in addition to the drive means (132; 133) effecting the actuating movement, at least one stop means (119) which is effective between the two adjacent sub-frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3, 128.4) and adjustable via actuating means (146), by means of which at least one end position limiting the actuating movement in the direction of the setting position is defined or definable.

10. Device according to claim 7, 8 or 9, characterized in that between the mutually adjacent sub-frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4) of the rollers (102; 103; 102'; 103'; 106) forming the first roller gap (104; 104') and / or the second roller gap (107; 107'), one or more actuators (111; 111T) are provided which can be operated force-based by a respective actuating device (141), ie which can be adjusted with regard to a desired actuating force.

11. Device according to claim 6 or 9, characterized in that the actuator (109; 109') operable as a force-based drive has as drive means (132; 133) a cylinder-piston system (133) operable in a force-based manner and / or actuated by a pressurized fluid and / or hydraulically.

12. Device according to claim 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or 11, characterized in that the actuator (109; 109'; 11; 1 T) comprising the actuating device (141) is designed to be operable selectively in a force-based or position-based manner.

13. Device according to claim 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12, characterized in that the rollers (102; 103; 102'; 103'; 106) mounted in or on the adjacent sub-frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4) are supported by bearings (151) provided in the frame walls (131, 132, 133, 134), and that at least one adjusting device (141) with two acting ends that are variable in distance from one another acts on two or each two adjacent sub-frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4) that are variable in distance and / or in setting force in such a way that a same, perpendicular to the rotation axis of at least one of the two adjacent sub-frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4) mounted rollers (102; 103; 102'; 103'; 106) intersects at least one engagement surface formed in the region of the acting end with the respective sub-frame in question as well as a respective effective support width (b151) of the rollers (102; 103; 102'; 103'; 106) mounted in the two sub-frames (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4).

14. Device according to claim 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13, characterized in that a drive means (133) is provided as the drive means (133) which acts between the partial frames (128.3, 128.4) of the two adjacent rollers (102, 103; 102'; 103') and is operable in a force-based manner and / or is formed by a cylinder-piston system (133) which can be pressurized with pressurized fluid and / or is hydraulically actuated.

15. Device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14, characterized in that the respective displaceable sub-frame (128.2; 128.3; 128.4) is displaceable on linear guides (112; 112') in the setting direction.

16. Device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15, characterized in that the sub-frame (128.1; 128.2; 128.3; 128.4) is pivotable about a pivot axis (S) which runs perpendicular to the rotation axis (R102; R103; R102; R103') of the pivotable roller (102; 103; 102; 103') and / or the other roller (102; 103; 102; 103') and / or intersects the rotation axis (R102; R103; R102; R103') of the pivotable roller (102; 103; 102; 103') and / or the adjacent roller (102; 103; 102; 103').

17. Device according to claim 16, characterized in that the partial frame (128.3; 128.4) carrying the pivotable roller (102; 103; 102'; 103') as a whole, ie including the frame walls (131.1, 131.2, 131.3, 131.4) assigned on both sides and connected to one another via one or more cross members (136; 137) and the roller (102; 103; 102'; 103') carried by these frame walls (131.1, 131.2, 131.3, 131.4) is pivotable about the pivot axis (S).

Images