Prefabrication device for prefabrication of finished wooden construction parts

Abstract

A prefabrication device (10) for prefabricating prefabricated components (80) in timber construction has two longitudinal beams (18) spaced parallel to one another, wherein the longitudinal beams (18) each support at least one rafter shoe (30), and the rafter shoes (30) serve to receive beams and / or battens (88) that span the distance between the longitudinal beams (18). In order to be able to prefabricate a facade element, the prefabrication device (10) has a stop jig (50) on which a plurality of stops (58) are arranged and which runs from one of the two longitudinal beams (18) to the other of the two longitudinal beams (18).

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the invention

[0001] The invention relates to a prefabrication device for the prefabrication of prefabricated timber construction components. 2. Description of the state of the art

[0002] DE 197 035 60 A1 discloses a device for prefabricating roof elements. The basic idea behind such a device is to prefabricate roof elements in a hall, which are then assembled into a complete roof on a construction site (for example, with the help of a loading and positioning aid known from DE 10 2022 115 264 A1).

[0003] Prefabrication in the hall simplifies many aspects of roof construction, as there's no need to rely on extended periods of favorable weather conditions. Furthermore, prefabrication in the hall allows for more precise manufacturing, as the roof elements are more easily accessible. For example, control measurements can be performed more easily than would be the case with a roof constructed using conventional on-site fabrication.

[0004] Basically, such a prefabrication device has guide rails, which are typically embedded in the floor of a hall. Beams can then be positioned and secured along these guide rails. These beams, in turn, support so-called rafter shoes, into which the rafters of a roof—i.e., the larger rafters running from the eaves to the gable—can be secured. The rafter shoes can also be freely positioned and secured along the beams to allow for different rafter widths and rafter positions of a roof element.

[0005] Since this concept of prefabrication of roof elements is becoming more and more popular in timber construction, we would like to use this system for further prefabrication steps. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0006] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a prefabrication device that allows for even more prefabrication applications than previous devices for roof elements. Preferably, an existing prefabrication device is to be expanded for this purpose.

[0007] This object is achieved according to the invention by a prefabrication device for prefabricating prefabricated components in timber construction, with a) two longitudinal beams spaced parallel to one another, b) wherein the longitudinal beams each support at least one rafter shoe, and the rafter shoes serve to accommodate beams and / or battens that span the distance between the longitudinal beams. It is provided that c) the prefabrication device has a stop jig on which a plurality of stops are arranged and which runs from one of the two longitudinal beams to the other of the two longitudinal beams.

[0008] The inventors realized that it is also possible to produce facade elements on a prefabricated device. So-called ventilated facades are often used in timber construction. In this case, a large number of spaced-apart battens are mounted on a substructure, which is applied, for example, to a thermal insulation layer. The gaps created between the battens allow air to pass behind the battens, thus ventilating them and largely preventing waterlogging.

[0009] Until now, such facades have been constructed on-site by first attaching the substructure and then screwing the battens onto it. Depending on the desired facade design, the battens can be installed both transversely (horizontally) and longitudinally (vertically).

[0010] The inventors have further recognized that the known devices for prefabrication of roof elements can be extended to prefabrication of facade elements by providing a stop jig with a plurality of stops for facade battens.

[0011] The stops can be positioned and locked in various positions on the stop jig. By placing the stops on the facade battens, they can be positioned and aligned. The facade battens can then be mounted, specifically screwed, in the desired position.

[0012] Since a facade element typically comprises a large number of battens and, less frequently, large-area elements, the number of stops on a stop jig can range from 10 to 100, preferably between 20 and 50. Some advantageous design details are listed below.

[0013] According to one embodiment, the stop gauge is double-barreled such that two stops can be arranged next to each other transversely to a longitudinal direction of the stop gauge.

[0014] Although it is also conceivable for the stops to engage in grooves on the back of the facade battens, they normally engage in the gap between two facade battens. Because two stops can be arranged next to each other and, in particular, can be moved past each other, one stop can rest against the first batten and the other stop can rest against the second batten in a gap between two battens. Because the stop gauge is double-tracked, the two stops can be moved longitudinally independently of each other. In this way, any gap size can be set, starting from a minimum gap size that corresponds to the thickness of one stop.

[0015] According to one embodiment, the stop gauge has an elongated base plate which has two adjacent elongated holes running in the longitudinal direction.

[0016] The stops can be positioned, moved, and locked in the slots. Two adjacent slots allow for a double-track design of the stop gauge. The slots can extend over more than approximately 70% of the length of the base plate. The base plate can have a length of approximately 1 m to approximately 10 m, preferably approximately 2 m to approximately 4 m, in particular approximately 3 m.

[0017] According to one embodiment, it is provided that the elongated holes are interrupted by transverse webs in order to stabilize a longitudinal web between the elongated holes.

[0018] The inventors recognized that with two continuous parallel elongated holes, a longitudinal web remaining between them would no longer be sufficiently stable. Therefore, transverse webs can be provided to stabilize the longitudinal web. These transverse webs can be less than approximately 4 cm, in particular less than approximately 2 cm, wide.

[0019] The crosspieces of the respective elongated holes are advantageously not arranged at the same longitudinal position along the stop gauge, but offset from each other. This allows a stop to be continuously arranged at any position along the stop gauge in at least one run.

[0020] According to one embodiment, it is provided that the stops each have a stop base plate and a stop flag, wherein the stop flag projects from the stop gauge and is designed to serve as a stop for a batten of a facade batten.

[0021] The stop base plate allows the stop to rest on the base plate of the stop gauge. The stop lug can have a thickness between 2 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 4 mm and 8 mm, and in particular 6 mm.

[0022] In particular, the stop lug can be arranged at one end area of the stop base plate. The stop then resembles an angle plate. The stop base plate can thus be arranged in front of or behind the stop lug along the stop gauge. This is advantageous for achieving maximum flexibility in the positioning of the stop lugs, especially when the stop base plate is fastened via a screw connection in a slotted hole and a crossbar should be present at this point. By simply rotating the stop by 180°, the screw connection can be moved to a different position relative to the crossbar and the stop lug can still be arranged at the desired location.

[0023] According to one embodiment, it is provided that the stops are each attached to the stop gauge via a screw connection with a slot nut.

[0024] The stop can be easily secured in the respective slot using a slot nut, particularly one with a substantially rectangular cross-section whose side corresponds to the diameter of the slotted hole. By slightly loosening the screw connection from above, without the aid of an additional tool for a nut, the stops can be moved in the slots and locked in the desired position by screwing them back in place. The cross-section of the slot nut is adapted to the diameter of the slotted hole in such a way that the slot nut cannot rotate when screwing in. In this way, the desired grid for the facade element can be easily set on the stop gauge.

[0025] In addition, the T-nut extends completely through the base plate and engages a groove on the underside of the stop base plate. This can even prevent the stop itself from twisting.

[0026] Regardless of the use of a T-slot nut, the stop base plate itself can also have a projecting alignment geometry on its underside, for example a protruding rectangular pin, which aligns the stop base plate in the respective elongated hole.

[0027] According to one embodiment, it is provided that a beam runs longitudinally to the side of each of the elongated holes.

[0028] The beam can serve as an alignment beam for aligning the numerous stops. The alignment beam can be used in addition to or as an alternative to the T-nuts. It can also serve as a support for the battens of the facade battens.

[0029] The beam can also be detachably connected to the stop gauge, for example, with screws. This allows the stop gauge to be used without a beam to align the stops, allowing the stops to be adjusted at an angle. This could be useful, for example, for the production of facade elements with slanted battens.

[0030] According to one embodiment, in addition to the first stop gauge, a second stop gauge is provided which connects the two longitudinal members at a distance from the first stop gauge.

[0031] This positions the battens of the facade battens at two points along their length. This allows for better alignment of the battens.

[0032] If the two stop jigs are spaced apart along the longitudinal beams but still positioned close to each other, the joints of two aligned facade battens can be arranged between these two adjacent stop jigs. This allows facade elements to be prefabricated with the facade battens running largely through the entire length. This allows offset joints to be provided at positions that are no longer predetermined by floor slabs, as was previously the case with on-site production, but can be freely selected.

[0033] According to one embodiment, it is provided that one stop gauge connects more than two longitudinal beams or that several longitudinal beams are each connected by a separate stop gauge.

[0034] This method also allows for the production of large-scale facade elements, particularly the grid pattern can be continued seamlessly. In the latter case, the stop gauges, whose ends meet at a longitudinal beam, can partially overlap one another. However, they can also be designed in such a way that a support base on the shared longitudinal beam serves as the attachment point for two base plates.

[0035] According to one embodiment, the stop gauge projects laterally over at least one of the two longitudinal beams.

[0036] This allows the substructure battens to be mounted in the rafter shoes at a distance from their respective ends, preferably at their Bessel points, so that the forces acting in the substructure battens due to the weight load are optimally distributed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In the following, exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. In these drawings: Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a prefabrication device for prefabrication of facade elements with a stop jig according to the invention; Figure 2 shows an enlarged view of the prefabrication device from Figure 1 , in which details of the stop gauge can be seen more clearly; Figure 3 a top view of a base plate of the stop gauge; Figure 4 an enlarged view of the prefabrication device comparable with Figure 2, with double-barreled stops arranged on the stop gauge; Figure 5 a perspective view of the stop gauge, especially from below, in which details of the fastening of the stops can be seen more clearly; Figure 6 a perspective view of the prefabrication device together with a facade element, to which part of the facade battens has already been attached; Figure 7 a perspective view of the prefabrication device according to Figure 5from a different perspective, showing the flexible possibilities of the double-barreled stop jig for determining the grid pattern of the facade battens, in particular the distances between the battens; Figure 8: a perspective view of the prefabrication device with a facade element, in which battens of different formats are used for the facade battens; Figure 9: a perspective view of a prefabrication device for the prefabrication of facade elements, which has a modular design comprising several stop jigs and longitudinal beams, whereby the prefabrication device can also be used to manufacture large-area facade elements. DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0038] The Figures 1 to 9 show a prefabrication device, designated overall by reference number 10, which is suitable for the prefabrication of roof elements but also for the prefabrication of facade elements.

[0039] The prefabrication device 10 initially has two guide rails 12. The guide rails 12 run parallel to each other and are spaced apart by several meters, in particular approximately 5 meters. Depending on the desired size of the entire prefabrication device 10, additional guide rails 12 can be added. In the embodiment shown here, the guide rails 12 are mounted as simple metal strips on a hall floor 14. However, guide rails 12 recessed into the hall floor 14 are also conceivable.

[0040] Carriages 16 run on the guide rails 12, each of which, together with a carriage 16 on an adjacent guide rail 12, supports a longitudinal beam 18. The longitudinal beam 18 extends at right angles to the guide rails 12.

[0041] The carriages 16 have a pair of rollers 20, with which the carriages 16 can be moved along the respective guide rails 12. This allows the longitudinal beams 18 to be moved along the guide rails 12. The carriages 16 also have an eccentric clamping lever 22, with which the carriages 16 can be fixed to or released from the guide rails 12. This can be done, for example, by blocking or braking the rollers 20.

[0042] As in Fig. 1As can be seen, the rollers 20 on one of the carriages 16 of a longitudinal beam 18 are designed as guide rollers, which, in contrast to normal rollers 20, have lateral guide rings 24. Rollers 20 with guide rings 24 are used only on one of the carriages 16 in order to avoid an over-determined system. As a result, the other carriages 16 of the longitudinal beam 18 rest freely floating on the guide rails 12 transversely to the guide rails 12 and can thus accommodate minor changes in the length of the longitudinal beam 18, for example due to different loads or temperature changes.

[0043] The longitudinal beams 18 in turn carry rafter shoes 30. If the prefabrication device 10 is used to manufacture a roof element, the rafter shoes 30 serve to hold the rafters of the roof element.

[0044] The rafter shoes 30 have a base plate 32 and two jaws 34 and 36. One jaw 34 is firmly connected to the base plate 32. The other jaw 36 is movable on the base plate 32 relative to the other fixed jaw 32 such that beams and / or timbers of different widths can be accommodated between the jaws 34 and 36. To fix the movable jaw 36, an eccentric lever 38 is provided, which cooperates with a screw that can be moved in a slotted hole in the base plate 32. Since the rafter shoes 30 are basically used to accommodate rafters, the jaws 34 and 36 have a height between approximately 5 cm and approximately 25 cm, preferably approximately 10 cm and approximately 20 cm, in particular approximately 16 cm.

[0045] The rafter shoes 30 themselves can be moved and fixed along the longitudinal beam 18. For this purpose, in the embodiment shown here, a mounting rail 40 is arranged on the longitudinal beam 18. The mounting rail 40 has an upwardly open T-slot 42. A rectangular square nut or a square screw head runs in this T-slot 42 in order to be able to move and fix the rafter shoe 30 along the longitudinal beam 18 via an eccentric lever 44 on the base plate 32.

[0046] The longitudinal beam 18 further includes a measuring tape 46 extending along the longitudinal beam 18. Ideally, the measuring tape 46 is arranged adjacent to the mounting rail 40. A lug 48 projecting downward on the fixed jaw 34 thus indicates the position of the respective rafter shoe 30 on the measuring tape 46.

[0047] According to the present invention, the prefabrication device 10 now also has a stop gauge 50 which connects at least two adjacent longitudinal beams 18 in the transverse direction.

[0048] For this purpose, the stop gauge 50 has a holding base 52 on each longitudinal beam 18, with which the stop gauge 50 can be attached, displaced, and fixed at various positions along the longitudinal beam 18. Like the rafter shoes 30, the holding base 52 includes an eccentric lever 54 that cooperates with the mounting rail 40.

[0049] The stop jig 50 essentially comprises a base plate 56 and a plurality of stops 58 for a facade batten (in Fig. 1only a few stops are shown for explanatory purposes), which can be arranged at freely selectable positions along a longitudinal direction on the base plate 56. As will become clear later, the stops 58 can be positioned particularly advantageously in double-track fashion on the base plate 56.

[0050] In detail, the elongated base plate 56 of the stop gauge 50 has two elongated holes 60 extending along the longitudinal direction. The elongated holes 60 thus enclose a longitudinal web 62 between them. A measuring tape 64 is arranged on the longitudinal web 62.

[0051] To stabilize the longitudinal web 62 in the base plate 56, the elongated holes 60 are each interrupted by at least one transverse web 66. Depending on the length of the stop gauge 50, several transverse webs 66 can be provided per elongated hole 60. In the longitudinal direction of the base plate 56, the transverse webs 66 are less than approximately 4 cm wide, in particular less than approximately 2 cm wide.

[0052] The stops 58 each have a stop base plate 68 and a stop lug 70, which is angled upward relative to the stop base plate 68. The stop lug 70 has a thickness between 2 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 3 mm and 6 mm, in particular 4 mm.

[0053] In the assembled state, the stop base plate 68 rests on the base plate 56 of the stop gauge 50 and can be mounted on the base plate 56 via a screw connection 72, which passes through one of the elongated holes 60, in such a way that the stop lug 70 points upwards from the base plate 56.

[0054] In addition, the stops 58 can be moved along the elongated holes 60 by loosening and tightening the respective screw connection 72. The screw connection 72 is accessible from above for a screwing tool, such as a cordless screwdriver. For this purpose, the screw connection 72 and the stop lug 70 on the stop base plate 68 are sufficiently spaced apart from each other.

[0055] The stop 58 also points to a rectangular sliding block 73 (cf. Figures 5 and 7 ), which engages from the underside of the base plate 56 into the respective slotted hole 60. The slotted nut 73 serves as a nut for the screw connection 72, and its rectangular shape prevents the slotted nut 73 from rotating relative to the slotted hole 60. This allows for easy screwing of the stops.

[0056] The height of the sliding block 73 is further adapted to the length of the screw connection 72 in such a way that a correspondingly wide loosening of the screw 72 allows the stop 58 to be rotated by 180°. The stop lug 70 can thus protrude in the longitudinal direction of the stop gauge 50 either in front of or behind the screw connection 72.

[0057] Finally, the stop gauge 50 also has alignment bars 75 (cf. Figure 7 ). These run at least on one side next to and along the respective slot 60 on the base plate 56. Like the slot nuts 73, the alignment bar 75 serves to prevent the stops 58 of a track from twisting. The alignment bars 75 can also serve as an additional support for the facade element. Figure 5 It can be seen that the alignment beams are connected to the base plate 56 via screws 77.

[0058] To manufacture a facade element 80, the prefabrication device 10 is used as follows (see especially the Figures 5 to 7 ): First, with the aid of the carriages 16, the longitudinal beams 18 are brought to a distance from one another that is appropriate for the size of the facade element 80. Subsequently, the stop gauge 50 is mounted on the longitudinal beams 18. Depending on the spacing of the longitudinal beams 18, it may be necessary for at least one holding base 52 of the stop gauge 50 to be mounted at a different position along the base plate 56. For this purpose, several screw holes or elongated holes may be provided.

[0059] However, the support base 52 can also be permanently connected to the base plate 56. In this case, the spacing of the longitudinal beams 18 is determined by the stop gauge 50.

[0060] A plurality of stops 58 are mounted on the stop gauge 50 in order to define, with the stop flags 70, the grid pattern for a facade batten 82 comprising several battens 84. Two stops 58 along the stop gauge 50 can determine the position of one of the battens 84. The measuring tape 64 of the stop gauge 50 can be used for this purpose.

[0061] Since the stop gauge 50 is double-barreled, two stops 58 can be arranged next to each other in the two elongated holes 60 in such a way that any desired distance gaps 86 can be defined between two slats 84, starting from the minimum thickness of a stop lug 70 (see in particular Fig. 6 ).

[0062] Due to the 180° rotatability of the stops 58 in the area of the crossbars 64 in the elongated holes 60, the stop flags 70 can also be brought into any position along the entire elongated holes 60 by appropriately attaching them before or after the crossbar 64 and selecting the direction of rotation of the stop 58.

[0063] Furthermore, spacer blocks 86 are inserted into the rafter shoes 30, into which the relatively high rafters of a roof element are normally inserted. A substructure batten 88 is placed on these spacer blocks 86, which connects the two longitudinal beams 18 and is positioned there in each rafter shoe 30. The spacer blocks 86 ensure that the substructure batten 84 extends sufficiently beyond the jaws 34 and 36 of the rafter shoes 30. In particular, a height for the facade batten 82 is determined, which corresponds to the stop gauge 50 to the extent that the stop lugs 70 extend between the battens 84 or even extend beyond them.

[0064] Finally, as in the Figures 5 to 7 As can be seen, the slats 84 are gradually inserted between the stops 58 and screwed to the substructure slats 88.

[0065] Expressed more abstractly, the rafter shoes 30 define a grid for receiving the substructure battens 88 in one plane, while the stops 58 of the stop jig 50 define a grid for receiving the battens 84 in a second plane. The second plane is spaced parallel to the first plane such that the battens 84 can be mounted on the substructure battens 88.

[0066] With the aid of the stop jig 50, a wide variety of facade elements 80 can be manufactured on the prefabrication device 10.

[0067] Due to its modularity, the prefabrication device 10 can be expanded almost as required. For example, Fig. 8It can be seen that there are three longitudinal beams 18, in which a first stop jig 50 connects a first longitudinal beam 18 to the middle longitudinal beam 18 and a second stop jig 50 connects the middle longitudinal beam 18 to the third longitudinal beam 18. Even very large facade elements 80 can be manufactured on such a device.

[0068] Also, several stop gauges 50 distributed along the longitudinal beams 18 are conceivable and even desirable in order to optimally align the battens 84 of the facade battens 82.

[0069] So in Fig. 8 Two stop gauges 50.1 and 50.2 can be seen along the longitudinal beams 18, which are arranged directly (ie, here at a distance of less than approximately 1 to 2 m). These make it possible to optimally align the joints 90 between two longitudinally aligned battens 84.

[0070] This allows the creation of facade elements with continuous facade battens 82. In particular, in buildings with vertically running facade battens 82, the positions of the joints 90 no longer need to be provided in the area of the floor slabs, possibly with interruptions or concealing cross elements, as was previously the case, but can be freely selected according to the batten length. In particular, the joints can be arranged offset.

[0071] Furthermore, it is conceivable that for frequently used grid patterns, already prepared stop gauges 50 are kept in stock and, if necessary, are mounted or replaced as a whole, so that the fine positioning of the many stops 58 is no longer necessary.

[0072] Finally, it should be mentioned that the prefabrication device 10 can also be used to manufacture a facade element 80 with shingled facade battens 82. To do this, the spacer blocks 86 in the rafter shoes 30 must be adjusted so that the stop lugs 70 do not protrude beyond the battens 84. If the stops 58 then specify distances that are smaller than the width of the battens 84, a batten 84 can rest on the subsequent stop lugs 70 on the free side and rest on the previous batten 84 on the other side.

[0073] Overall, the prefabrication device 10 thus serves to optimally align and hold the essential components of a facade element 80, in particular the substructure battens 88 and the facade battens 84, during their assembly.

Claims

1. Prefabrication device (10) for prefabricating prefabricated components (80) in timber construction with a) two longitudinal beams (18) spaced parallel to one another, b) wherein the longitudinal beams (18) each carry at least one rafter shoe (30) and the rafter shoes (30) serve to receive beams and / or battens (88) which span the distance between the longitudinal beams (18), characterized in that c) the prefabrication device (10) has a stop gauge (50) on which a plurality of stops (58) are arranged and which runs from one of the two longitudinal beams (18) to the other of the two longitudinal beams (18).

2. Prefabrication device according to claim 1, characterized in that the stop gauge (50) is double-barreled such that two stops (58) can be arranged next to one another transversely to a longitudinal direction of the stop gauge (50).

3. Prefabrication device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe stop gauge (50) has an elongated base plate (56) which has two adjacent longitudinally extending elongated holes (60).

4. Prefabrication device according to claim 3, characterized in that the elongated holes (60) are interrupted by transverse webs (64) in order to stabilize a longitudinal web (62) between the elongated holes (60).

5. Prefabrication device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stops (58) each have a stop base plate (68) and a stop lug (70), wherein the stop lug (70) projects from the stop gauge (50) and is designed so that a facade batten (82, 84) strikes against it.

6. Prefabrication device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stops (58) are each fastened to the stop gauge (50) via a screw connection (72) with a sliding block (73).

7. Prefabrication device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thata beam (75) runs longitudinally to the side of each of the elongated holes (60).

8. Prefabrication device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in addition to the first stop gauge (50, 50.1), a second stop gauge (50.2) is provided which connects the two longitudinal members (18) at a distance from the first stop gauge (50, 50.1).

9. Prefabrication device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a stop gauge (50) connects more than two longitudinal beams (18) or that several longitudinal beams (18) are each connected by their own stop gauge (50).

10. Prefabrication device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stop gauge (50) projects laterally over at least one of the two longitudinal beams (18).

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