Multi-functional coating composition

Abstract

Disclosed is a multi-function coating composition formulated to provide primer, paint, and waterproofing functions in a single composition. The coating composition includes an acrylic resin, an elastomeric resin, and an adhesion promoter comprising a titanate, zirconate, aminoalkyl modified polysiloxane, monomeric vinyl functional silane, and / or alkyl phosphate ester. The acrylic resin to elastomeric resin ratio (by weight) is 2.5:1 to 15:1.

Description

MULTI-FUNCTIONAL COATING COMPOSITIONCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to and the benefit of United States Provisional Application Serial No. 63 / 375,905, filed September 16, 2022, and titled “Multi-Functional Coating Composition,” which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.BACKGROUNDTechnical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to a multi-functional coating composition. The multi-function coating composition can provide primer, paint, and waterproofing functions in a single composition.Related Technology

[0003] Coatings are applied to a variety of substrates. Often, coatings are applied to surfaces of architectural structures to protect the surfaces from the environment, to provide color and aesthetic enhancement, and / or to enhance waterproofing. Typically, on these and other substrates, a primer is first added to the substrate surface. The primer is intended to enhance adhesion of the subsequently added paint layer by adhering to the substrate surface and forming a binding layer better prepared to receive the paint. The paint layer is applied following sufficient application and curing of the primer.

[0004] In many coating uses, including in architectural surface uses, applied coatings are intended to provide waterproofing of the underlying substrate. This is generally the case with exterior and roof coatings, for example. Often, after application of the primer and then the paint layer, an additional waterproofing layer is added to the substrate surface with the intent to enhance waterproofing of the substrate.

[0005] The application of multiple coating layers (primer, paint, and / or waterproofing layer) to architectural substrates and other substrates can be relativelytime and effort intensive. Not only is it more time intensive to apply multiple layers, but the user must also wait a sufficient time between layers to allow proper curing. For example, a primer layer should be allowed to cure before subsequent application of a paint layer. If a further waterproofing layer is desired, the paint layer should be allowed to cure before application of the waterproofing layer.BRIEF SUMMARY

[0006] Disclosed herein is a multi-functional coating composition. The multifunction coating composition can provide primer, paint, and waterproofing functions in a single composition. The coating composition includes an acrylic resin, an elastomeric resin, and an adhesion promoter. The elastomeric resin optionally includes a copolymer comprising a reaction product of reactants comprising an adhesion-promoting monomer, such as a silane monomer. The adhesion-promoter can include a titanate, zirconate, modified polysiloxane (e.g., amine functional polysiloxane such as aminoalkyl modified polysiloxane), monomeric vinyl functional silane (e.g., vinyltrialkoxysilane, vinylalkyldialkoxysilane, vinyldialkylalkoxysilane, and / or vinyltrialkylsilane), and / or alkyl phosphate ester. The acrylic resin to elastomeric resin ratio (by weight) is 2.5:1 to 15:1, such as 3.5:1 to 12.5: 1, or 5:1 to 10:1, or any other range combination using the foregoing as endpoints.

[0007] Also disclosed herein is a method for coating a substrate by applying the disclosed coating composition to at least a portion of the substrate. Also disclosed herein is a substrate coated at least in part with the disclosed coating composition.

[0008] This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an indication of the scope of the claimed subject matter.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] Disclosed herein is a multi-functional coating composition. The multifunction coating composition can provide primer, paint, and waterproofing functionsin a single composition. The coating composition includes an acrylic resin, an elastomeric resin, and an adhesion promoter. The elastomeric resin optionally includes a copolymer comprising a reaction product of reactants comprising an adhesion-promoting monomer, such as a silane monomer. The adhesion promoter can include a titanate, zirconate, modified polysiloxane, monomeric vinyl functional silane (e.g., vinyltrialkoxysilane, vinylalkyldialkoxysilane, vinyldialkylalkoxysilane, and / or vinyltrialkylsilane), and / or alkyl phosphate ester. The acrylic resin to elastomeric resin ratio (by weight) is 2.5:1 to 15:1, such as 3.5:1 to 12.5:1, or 5:1 to 10:1, or any other range combination using the foregoing as endpoints.

[0010] As used herein, the “elastomeric resin” exhibits the ability to return to an approximate original shape or volume after subjection to a deforming force, such as a compressive or tensile deforming force. In particular, the “elastomeric resin,” when cured, is capable of being elongated to at least twice its original length, and upon release, to return to its approximate original length. See, e.g., Schwartz, Mel. (2016) Encyclopedia and Handbook of Materials, Parts, and Finishes (3rd Edition), Elastomers, (pg. 28).

[0011] Also disclosed herein is a method for coating a substrate by applying the disclosed coating composition to at least a portion of the substrate. Also disclosed herein is a substrate coated at least in part with the disclosed coating composition.

[0012] The substrate may be, for example, an architectural substrate, such as an exterior wall or interior wall (including ceilings). Example substrates to which the disclosed coating composition may be applied include, but are not limited to: ceramic; a masonry surface, such as brick, stone, or concrete; drywall; and / or wood.Acrylic Resin & Elastomeric Resin

[0013] The disclosed coating composition includes an acrylic resin and an elastomeric resin in an acrylic resin to elastomeric resin ratio (by weight) of 2.5:1 to 15:1, such as 3.5:1 to 12.5:1, or 5:1 to 10:1, or any other range combination using the foregoing as endpoints. An acrylic resin to elastomeric resin ratio within the foregoing ranges beneficially balances the scrub resistance and waterproofing properties of the composition. That is, an acrylic resin to elastomeric resin ratio that is too high may overly compromise the waterproofing capabilities of the coating composition,whereas an acrylic resin to elastomeric resin ratio that is too low may overly compromise the scrub resistance of the coating composition.

[0014] An acrylic resin to elastomeric resin ratio within the foregoing ranges was beneficially found to balance scrub resistance and waterproofing properties of the coating composition, without overly compromising either property, thereby enabling a coating composition that, when cured, exhibits effective scrub resistance and waterproofing properties.

[0015] The acrylic resin can be a 100% acrylic composition. The acrylic resin can be included in the coating composition at a concentration of 10% to 30% by total weight of the coating composition, such as 15% to 25% by total weight of the coating composition or any other range combination using the foregoing as endpoints. The elastomeric resin can be included in the coating composition at a concentration of 1 % to 10% by total weight of the coating composition, such as 1.25% to 7.5% by total weight of the coating composition, or 1.5% to 5% by total weight of the coating composition, or 1.5% to 3% by total weight of the coating composition, or any other range combination using the foregoing as endpoints.

[0016] The acrylic resin can comprise an emulsion with an average particle size (volume weighted basis) of 80 nm to 200 nm, such as 100 nm to 180 nm, or 110 nm to 160 nm, or any other range combination using the foregoing as endpoints, as measured by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The elastomeric resin comprises an emulsion with an average particle size (volume basis) of 180 nm to 400 nm, such as 190 nm to 390 nm, or 200 nm to 380 nm, or any other range combination using the foregoing as endpoints, as measured by DLS. Thus, the average particle size of the elastomeric resin can be larger than the average particle size of the acrylic resin by 20 nm to 320 nm, such as by 50 nm to 270 nm, or by 80 nm to 220 nm, or by 110 nm to 170 nm.

[0017] Although average particle sizes are typically described herein on a volume basis, the average particle sizes on a number basis, as measured by DLS, for one or both the acrylic resin or the elastomeric resin, may differ from the corresponding volume average particle size by no more than 20%, such as no more than 15%, or no more than 10%.

[0018] The acrylic resin can have a glass transition temperature (Tg), as measured by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), of 5° C to 35° C, such as 10° C to 30° C, or any other range combination using the foregoing as endpoints. The elastomeric resin can have a Tg, as measured by DSC, of less than -5° C, such as less than -10° C, less than -15° C, or less than -20° C, or any other range combination using the foregoing as endpoints. Thus, the Tg of the acrylic resin and the Tg of the elastomeric resin can differ by 15° C to 60° C, such as by 20° C to 50° C, or by any other range combination using the foregoing as endpoints.

[0019] The acrylic resin can have a minimum film forming temperature (MFFT), as measured using a MFFT 60 Minimum Film Forming Temperature instrument (available from Rhopoint Instruments Ltd.), of 5° C to 30° C, such as 7° C to 25° C, or any other range combination using the foregoing as endpoints.

[0020] The acrylic resin includes acrylic monomers, and can be a 100% acrylic composition. The terms “acrylic” and “acrylate” are used interchangeably herein unless specified otherwise, and include acrylic acids, acrylic acid anhydrides, and derivatives thereof. Such derivatives include C1-C5 alkyl esters of acrylic acids, lower alkyl-substitu ted acrylic acids (e.g., C1-C2 substituted acrylic acids, such as methacrylic acid), and C1-C5 alkyl esters of lower alkyl-substituted acrylic acids (e.g., methyl methacrylate). The terms “acrylic polymer” and “acrylic resin” refer to polymers / resins prepared from one or more acrylic monomers.

[0021] These acrylic monomers can be polymerized by themselves or with vinyl monomers such as vinyl aromatic monomers and allylic monomers. Examples of vinyl monomers include vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrates, vinyl benzoates, vinyl isopropyl acetates, and similar vinyl esters.

[0022] Vinyl halides include vinyl chloride, vinyl fluoride, and vinylidene chloride. Vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons include styrene, methyl styrenes, and similar lower alkyl styrenes, chlorostyrene, vinyl toluene, vinyl naphthalene, divinyl benzoate, and cyclohexene. Vinyl aliphatic hydrocarbon monomers include alpha olefins such as ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, and cyclohexyl as well as conjugated dienes such as butadiene, methyl-2 -butadiene, 1,3-piperylene, 2,3-dimethyl butadiene, isoprene, cyclopentadiene, and dicyclopentadiene. Vinyl alkyl ethersinclude methyl vinyl ether, isopropyl vinyl ether, n-butyl vinyl ether, and isobutyl vinyl ether. Examples of allylic monomers include allyl alcohol and allyl chloride.

[0023] The elastomeric resin can include a copolymer, the copolymer comprising a reaction product of reactants comprising: (i) a mono-ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a glass transition temperature less than -20° C, which may be included in an amount of 55% to 85% based on total solids weight of the reactants of the copolymer; (ii) a mono-ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a glass transition temperature greater than 40° C, which may be included in an amount of 10% to 40% based on total solids weight of the reactants of the copolymer; (iii) an N- methylol functional ethylenically unsaturated monomer, which may be included in an amount of 1% to 10% based on total solids weight of the reactants of the copolymer; and optionally (iv) an adhesion promoter comprising an ethylenically unsaturated alkoxysilane monomer, which may be included in an amount of 0.01% to 2% based on total solids weight of the reactants of the copolymer. The copolymer may be mixed with an aqueous medium to form an emulsion with a solids content of 40% to 65% by weight of the emulsion. Such a copolymer is described in U.S. Patent No. 11, 377,509, which is incorporated herein by reference (see, e.g., col. 1, lines 25-54; col. 1, line 63 to col. 2, line 53). The copolymer can be combined with an aqueous medium.

[0024] An “aqueous medium” refers to a liquid medium comprising at least 50% water, based on the total weight of the liquid medium. Such aqueous liquid mediums can comprise at least 60% water, or at least 70% water, or at least 80% water, or at least 90% water, or at least 95% water, based on the total weight of the liquid medium. The solvents that make up less than 50% of the liquid medium can include organic solvents. Non-limiting examples of suitable organic solvents include polar organic solvents (e.g., protic organic solvents such as glycols, glycol ether alcohols, alcohols, and volatile ketones, glycol diethers, esters, and diesters). Other non-limiting examples of organic solvents include aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. An “aqueous dispersion” is a dispersion of particles within an “aqueous medium.”

[0025] As used herein, “ethylenically unsaturated” refers to a group having at least one carbon-carbon double bond.

[0026] The elastomeric resin can include an acrylic elastomeric resin, such as a styrene-acrylic elastomeric resin, vinyl-acrylic elastomeric resin, polyurethane- acrylic elastomeric resin, and / or a polyurethane elastomeric resin.

[0027] The elastomeric resin can include resins commercially available under the trade name ACRONAL® (available from BASF Corporation), RHOPLEX® (available from The Dow Chemical Company), PRIMAL® (available from The Dow Chemical Company), ROVACE® (available from The Dow Chemical Company), CARBOSET® (available from Lubrizol Corporation), ENCOR® (available from Arkema Group), PLEXTOL® (available from Synthomer), PLIOTEC® (available from Synthomer), and / or REVACRYL® (available from Synthomer).

[0028] The acrylic resin and the elastomeric resin may be included in the coating composition as separate resins or they may be included as a blend of resins. For example, the acrylic resin or a portion thereof may be blended with the elastomeric resin or a portion thereof. Such resin blends may optionally be previously mixed before the addition of other coating composition components.Adhesion Promoter

[0029] The adhesion promoter can include a titanate, zirconate, modified polysiloxane (e.g., amine functional polysiloxane such as aminoalkyl modified poly siloxane), monomeric vinyl functional silane (e.g., vinyltrialkoxysilane, vinylalkyldialkoxysilane, vinyldialkylalkoxy silane, and / or vinyltrialkylsilane), and / or alkyl phosphate ester. The adhesion promoter can be included in the coating composition at a concentration of 0.1% to 1.5%, such as 0.25% to 1%, or 0.35% to 0.75% of the total weight of the coating composition, or any other range combination using the foregoing as endpoints.

[0030] Relative to the acrylic resin, the coating composition can include an acrylic resin to adhesion promoter ratio (by weight) of 30:1 to 100:1, such as 40:1 to 85:1, or 50:1 to 70:1, or any other range combination using the foregoing as endpoints. Relative to the elastomeric resin, the coating composition can include an elastomeric resin to adhesion promoter ratio (by weight) is 3:1 to 10: 1, such as 4:1 to 8.5:1, or 5: 1 to 7:1, or any other range combination using the foregoing as endpoints. Including the adhesion promoter in the foregoing amounts and / or ranges can beneficially enhancethe adhesion properties of the composition without overly increasing cost or overly compromising other properties of the coating composition.

[0031] The adhesion promoter can include an organic zirconate, such as triethanolamine zirconate (also known as Tetrakis[[2,2',2"-nitrilotris[ethanolato]](l- )N,O]zirconium), tetra n-butyl zirconate, tetra n-propyl zirconate, tetra isopropyl zirconate (also known as Tetrakis(isopropoxy)zirconium), and / or sodium zirconium lactate. Additionally, or alternatively, the adhesion promoter can include an organic titanate, such as tetra ethyl titanate, tetra iso-propyl titanate, tetra n-butyl titanate, tetra 2-ethylhexyl titanate, triethanolamine titanate, titanium phosphate complex, and / or titanium acetylacetonate. Additionally, or alternatively, the adhesion promoter can include a modified polysiloxane (e.g., amine functional polysiloxane such as aminoalkyl modified poly siloxane), and / or a monomeric vinyl functional silane (e.g., vinyltrialkoxysilane, vinylalkyldialkoxysilane, vinyldialkylalkoxysilane, and / or vinyl trialkylsilane).Hiding Pigment & Opaque Polymer

[0032] The coating composition can include an opaque polymer. The opaque polymer can include a styrene / acrylic copolymer. The opaque polymer can include an emulsion with an average particle size (volume weighted basis) of 400 nm to 800 nm as measured by DLS. The opaque polymer can be included in the coating composition at a concentration of 3% to 15%, such as 4% to 12.5%, or 5% to 10% by total weight of the coating composition, or any other range combination using the foregoing as endpoints.

[0033] The opaque polymer can include an aqueous dispersion of polymeric particles, the particles comprising: (a) a core polymer prepared from at least one hydrophilic ethylenically unsaturated monomer; (b) at least one first shell polymer at least partially encapsulating the core polymer, the first shell polymer prepared from a mixture of reactants comprising (b)(i) at least one hydrophilic ethylenically unsaturated monomer and (b )(ii) at least one aromatic monomer having a hydrophilic surfactant group and an ethylenically unsaturated group reactive with the hydrophilic ethylenically unsaturated monomer (b)(i); (c) at least one second shell polymer at least partially encapsulating the first shell polymer, the second shell polymer prepared froma mixture of reactants comprising (c)(i) at least one aromatic monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group and (c)(ii) an aromatic monomer having a hydrophilic surfactant group and an ethylenically unsaturated group reactive with the aromatic monomer (c)(i); and (d) an optional third shell polymer at least partially encapsulating the second shell polymer, the third shell polymer prepared from at least one polymerizable aromatic monomer, wherein the polymeric particle defines a void. Such an opaque polymer is described in PCT Publication No. WO 2018 / 087710, which is incorporated herein by reference (see, e.g., paragraphs

[0004] ,

[0018] , and

[0026] -

[0032] ).

[0034] The opaque polymer can include a spherical polymer, with an outer shell comprised of hard, high Tg polymer, and a hollow core. The opaque polymer can include a styrene-acrylic opaque polymer. The opaque polymer can include commercially available opaque polymers under the trade name ROPAQUE® (available from The Dow Chemical Company), HI QUE (available from Hankuck Latices Co., Ltd.), CELOCOR® (available from Arkema Group), and / or AQACell® (available from BASF Corporation).

[0035] The coating composition can include a hiding pigment. The hiding pigment may be included in the coating composition at a concentration of 5% to 25%, such as 10% to 20%, by total weight of the coating composition, or any other range combination using the foregoing as endpoints. The hiding pigment may be organic or inorganic. The hiding pigment may include a variety of pigments. For example, the hiding pigment may include a white pigment, such as titanium dioxide and / or zinc oxide. The titanium dioxide may include anatase free chalking, rutile medium chalk resistant, rutile highly chalk resistant type, or combinations thereof.

[0036] The coating composition can include an opaque polymer to hiding pigment ratio (by weight) is 0.25:1 to 1 :1, such as 0.35:1 to 0.75:1, or any other range combination using the foregoing as endpoints. An opaque polymer to hiding pigment ratio within the foregoing ranges was beneficially found to balance hiding properties and coating appearance with manufacturing costs of the coating composition. That is, an opaque polymer to hiding pigment ratio within the foregoing ranges allows the opaque polymer to replace some of the hiding pigment, thereby reducing manufacturing costs, without overly compromising hiding properties and coating appearance.Other Coating Composition Components

[0037] The coating composition can include other components. Such other components may include, for example, fillers, non-aqueous co-solvents such as ethylene glycol, wetting agents, dispersants, defoamers, pH regulators, matting agents, biocides, fungicides, rheological modifiers, and / or coalescent agents.

[0038] The coating composition can include an aqueous medium as that term is defined herein.Example Functional Properties

[0039] The coating composition, when cured, can beneficially exhibit effective adhesion, scrub resistance, and / or waterproofing. For example, the coating composition, when cured, can effectively exhibit all three properties of adhesion, scrub resistance, and waterproofing, enabling the coating composition to provide primer, paint, and waterproofing functions in a single composition.

[0040] For example, the coating composition, when cured, can exhibit an adhesion rating of at least 4A on fiber-cement when measured using ASTM D3359- 22 (July 8, 2022). Such results can illustrate an effective adhesion function of the coating composition.

[0041] The coating composition, when cured, can exhibit a minimum wet scrub resistance of 5,000 cycles or greater when measured using Mexican standard NMX- U-116-SCFI-2018 and NMX-C-423-ONNCCE-2019, such as at least 6,000 cycles or greater, at least 7,000 cycles or greater, at least 8,000 cycles or greater, or at least 9,000 cycles or greater. Such results can illustrate effective scrub resistance of the coating composition.

[0042] The coating composition, when cured, can exhibit a permeability of no more than 50 perms (1 perm = 5.72 10"8g / Pa*s*m2) when measured using NMX-C- 450-ONNCCE-2019. Such results can illustrate an effective waterproofing function of the coati ng composition.Other Terms & Definitions

[0043] Although particular examples of coating compositions are described herein, the examples do not limit the scope of the present disclosure. For example, where specific adhesion promoters are described by way of example, it will be understood that other adhesion promoters may additionally or alternatively be used.

[0044] Unless otherwise indicated, numbers expressing quantities, proportions, percentages, or other measurements used in the specification and claims are to be understood as optionally being modified by the term “about” or its synonyms, even if the term does not expressly appear. Any numerical range recited herein is intended to include all subranges subsumed therein. When ranges are given, any endpoints of those ranges and / or numbers within those ranges can be combined within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0045] Plural use of terms encompasses singular use of the terms and vice versa. For example, while the disclosed coating composition has been described in terms of including “an” acrylic resin, “an” elastomeric resin, and “an” adhesion promoter, additional acrylic resins, elastomeric resins, and / or adhesion promoters may be included.

[0046] “Including” and like terms mean “including but not limited to”. Similarly, as used herein, the terms “on”, “applied on / over”, “formed on / over”, “deposited on / over”, “overlay” and “provided on / over” a surface mean applied, formed, deposited, overlay, or provided, respectively, on but not necessarily in contact with the surface. For example, a coating layer “formed over” a substrate does not preclude the presence of one or more other coating layers of the same or different composition located between the formed coating layer and the substrate.

[0047] When the term “about,” “approximately,” “substantially,” “essentially,” or the like are used in conjunction with a stated amount, value, or condition, it may be taken to mean an amount, value, or condition that deviates by 10% or less, 5% or less, 1% or less, 0.1% or less, or 0.01% or less from the stated amount, value, or condition. For example, a recited average particle size of “about” X nm includes particle sizes that differ from X (higher or lower) by up to 10%, up to 5%, up to 1%, up to 0.1%, or up to 0.01%.

[0048] The coating composition disclosed herein should be understood as comprising / including disclosed components, and may therefore include additional components not specifically described. Optionally, the coating composition disclosed herein is essentially free or completely free of components that are not specifically described. That is, non-disclosed components may optionally be omitted or essentially omitted from the disclosed coating composition. For example, a particular monomer that is not specifically described as being included in the disclosed coating composition may be optionally excluded (i.e., essentially omitted or completely omitted).

[0049] A composition that “essentially omits,” is “essentially free of,” a component may include trace amounts and / or non-functional amounts of the component. For example, the “essentially omitted” component may be included in an amount no more than 2.5%, no more than 1%, no more than 0.1%, or no more than 0.01% by total weight of the composition. This is likewise applicable to other negative modifier phrases such as, but not limited to, “essentially omits,” “essentially without,” similar phrases using “substantially” or other synonyms of “essentially,” and the like.

[0050] The “solids content” values disclosed herein refer to the weight solids content (i.e., weight of nonvolatile material of a composition divided by the total weight of the composition), unless specified otherwise. The term is used synonymously herein with “nonvolatile weight” and similar terms. See ASTM D 5201-03a.

[0051] Any headings and subheadings used herein are for organizational purposes only and are not meant to be used to limit the scope of the description or the claims.EXAMPLESExample 1: Preparation of Test Compositions & Comparative Compositions

[0052] A multi-function coating composition according to the present disclosure (test composition 3) and comparative examples (test compositions 1-2), with a satin finish, were prepared with the components shown in Table 1 A.Table 1A*by total weight of composition

[0053] A Multi-function coating composition according to the present disclosure (test composition 4) in matte finish was prepared with the components shown in Table IB.Table IB*by total weight of composition

[0054] The “Other components” included pigment components and minor amounts of other coating composition components (non-aqueous co-solvents, wetting agents, dispersants, defoamers, pH regulators, biocides, fungicides, and rheological modifiers) customary in the art.

[0055] For test compositions 1 and 3, the elastomeric emulsion included a copolymer within an aqueous medium. The copolymer included a reaction product of reactants comprising: (i) a mono-ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a glass transition temperature less than -20° C, included in an amount of 55% to 85% based on total solids weight of the reactants of the copolymer; (ii) a mono-ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a glass transition temperature greater than 40° C, included in an amount of 10% to 40% based on total solids weight of the reactants of the copolymer; (iii) an N-methylol functional ethylenically unsaturated monomer, included in an amount of 1% to 10% based on total solids weight of the reactants of the copolymer; and (iv) an adhesion promoter comprising an ethylenically unsaturated alkoxysilane monomer, included in an amount of 0.1% to 2% based on total solids weight of the reactants of the copolymer. The copolymer was mixed with the aqueous medium to form an emulsion with a solids content of 40% to 65% by weight of the emulsion.Example 2: Comparative Adhesion Testing

[0056] The coating compositions of Example 1 were subjected to an adhesion test according to ASTM D3359-22 (July 28, 2022), along with two commercial coating products AQUALOCK™ Bloqueador de Agua (in white) (available from Sherwin Williams Co., Cleveland Ohio) and 3 in 1 (available from BEHR, Santa Ana, CA). Results are shown in Table 2.Table 2*After 7 days (5 is the best adhesion rating)Example 3: Comparative Washability (Scrub Resistance) Testing

[0057] The same coating compositions compared in Example 2 were subjected to a washability test according to NMX-U-116-SCFI-2018. A score of 5,000 cycles or greater is required for a category “A” rating for Type I, white coatings according to NMX-C-423-ONNCCE-2019. Results are shown in Table 3.Table 3Example 4: Comparative Permeability Testing

[0058] The same coating compositions compared in Examples 2 and 3 were subjected to a permeability test according to NMX-C-450-ONNCCE-2019 (method 8.5). Coatings under the standard, the coating must have a permeability of no more than 50 perms (1 perm = 5.72 10"8g / Pa*s*m2). Results are shown in Table 4.Table 4Example 5: Comparative Contrast Ratio Testing

[0059] The same coating compositions compared in Examples 2-4 were subjected to a contrast ratio test using according to method NMX-U-118-SCFI-2013. A minimum score of 97.70 (10 mils, wet) is required for a category “A” rating for Type I, white coatings according to NMX-C-423-ONNCCE-2019. Results are shown in Table 5.Table 5

Claims

CLAIMSWe claim:

1. A coating composition, comprising: an acrylic resin; an elastomeric resin, the elastomeric resin optionally comprising a copolymer comprising a reaction product of reactants comprising an adhesion-promoting monomer, such as a silane monomer; and an adhesion promoter comprising a titanate, zirconate, aminoalkyl modified polysiloxane, monomeric vinyl functional silane, and / or alkyl phosphate ester, wherein the acrylic resin to elastomeric resin weight ratio is 2.5: 1 to 15: 1, such as 3.5:1 to 12.5:1, or 5:1 to 10:1.

2. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein: the acrylic resin to adhesion promoter weight ratio is 30: 1 to 100:1, such as 40:1 to 85: 1 or 50:1 to 70:1; and / or the elastomeric resin to adhesion promoter weight ratio is 3: 1 to 10:1, such as 4:1 to 8.5:1 or 5: 1 to 7:1.

3. The coating composition of any preceding claim, wherein the acrylic resin has a volume weighted average particle size of 80 nm to 200 nm, such as 100 nm to 180 nm, or 110 nm to 160 nm as measured by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS).

4. The coating composition of any preceding claim, wherein: the acrylic resin is included in the coating composition at a concentration of 10% to 30% by total weight of the coating composition, such as 15% to 25% by total weight of the coating composition; and / or the elastomeric resin is included in the coating composition at a concentration of 1% to 10% by total weight of the coating composition, such as 1.25% to 7.5% bytotal weight of the coating composition, or 1.5% to 5% by total weight of the coating composition; and / or the adhesion promoter is included in the coating composition at a concentration of 0.1% to 1.5% by total weight of the coating composition, such as 0.25% to 1% of the total weight of the coating composition or 0.35% to 0.75% of the total weight of the coating composition.

5. The coating composition of any preceding claim, wherein: the acrylic resin has a glass transition temperature (Tg), as measured by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), of 5 degrees C to 35 degrees C, such as 10 degrees C to 30 degrees C; and / or the elastomeric resin has a Tg, as measured by DSC, of less than -5 degrees C, such as less than -10 degrees C, less than -15 degrees C, or less than -20 degrees C.

6. The coating composition of any preceding claim, wherein the acrylic resin has a minimum film forming temperature (MFFT) of 5 degrees C to 30 degrees C, such as 7 degrees C to 25 degrees C.

7. The coating composition of any preceding claim, wherein the elastomeric resin has a volume weighted average particle size of 180 nm to 400 nm, such as 190 nm to 390 nm, or 200 nm to 380 nm, as measured by DLS.

8. The coating composition of any preceding claim, further comprising an opaque polymer, such as a polymer comprising a styrene / acrylic copolymer.

9. The coating composition of claim 8, wherein the opaque polymer has a volume weighted average particle size of 400 nm to 800 nm as measured by DLS.

10. The coating composition of claim 8 or claim 9, wherein the opaque polymer is included in the coating composition at a concentration of 3% to 15% by total weight of the coating composition, such as 4% to 12.5% by total weight of the coating composition, or 5% to 10% by total weight of the coating composition.

11. The coating composition of any preceding claim, further comprising a hiding pigment included in the coating composition at a concentration of 5% to 25% by total weight of the coating composition, such as 10% to 20% by total weight of the coating composition, and wherein the hiding pigment may be a white pigment, such as titanium dioxide.

12. The coating composition of claim 11, wherein an opaque polymer to hiding pigment weight ratio is 0.25:1 to 1:1, such as 0.35:1 to 0.75:1.

13. The coating composition of any preceding claim, wherein the adhesion promoter comprises: an organic zirconate, such as triethanolamine zirconate, tetra n-butyl zirconate, tetra n-propyl zirconate, tetraisopropyl zirconate, and / or sodium zirconium lactate; an organic titanate, such as tetra ethyl titanate, tetra iso-propyl titanate, tetra n-butyl titanate, tetra 2-ethylhexyl titanate, triethanolamine titanate, titanium phosphate complex, and / or titanium acetylacetonate; an aminoalkyl modified polysiloxane; and / or a monomeric vinyl functional silane.

14. The coating composition of any preceding claim, wherein the coating composition, when cured, exhibits:(i) an adhesion rating of at least 4A on fiber-cement when measured according to ASTM D3359-22 (July 28, 2022);(ii) a minimum wet scrub resistance of 5,000 cycles or greater when measured according to NMX -U-l 16-SCFI-2018, such as at least 6,000 cycles or greater, at least 7,000 cycles or greater, at least 8,000 cycles or greater, or at least 9,000 cycles or greater; and / or(iii) a permeability of no more than 50 perms (1 perm = 5.72 10"8g / Pa*s*mz) when measured according to NMX-C-450-ONNCCE-2019.

15. A method for coating a substrate, comprising: applying the coating composition of any preceding claim to at least a portion of a substrate.

16. A substrate coated at least in part with the coating composition of any preceding claim.

17. The substrate of claim 16, wherein when cured exhibits:(i) an adhesion rating of at least 4A on fiber-cement when measured according to ASTM D3359-22 (July 28, 2022);(ii) a minimum wet scrub resistance of 5,000 cycles or greater when measured according to NMX -U-l 16-SCFI-2018, such as at least 6,000 cycles or greater, at least 7,000 cycles or greater, at least 8,000 cycles or greater, or at least 9,000 cycles or greater; and / or(iii) a permeability of no more than 50 perms (1 perm = 5.72 10"8g / Pa*s*m2) when measured according to NMX-C-450-ONNCCE-2019.

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