Photovoltaic system

Abstract

A photovoltaic system comprising: - a first row (1) of rectangular photovoltaic panels; - a second row (2) of rectangular photovoltaic panels; The photovoltaic panels of the first and of the second row are gripped by gripping brackets along the longer sides of the photovoltaic panels. The brackets allow connection to underlying ballasts made of concrete.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM

[0003] Technical field

[0004] The present invention relates to a photovoltaic system comprising a plurality of side-by-side rows of photovoltaic panels.

[0005] Systems are known in which the rows of panels follow one another inclined with respect to the horizontal so as to define a succession of valleys and peaks two by two. In the technical sector they are also called east-west panels (or modules).

[0006] Solutions are known in which each panel is rectangular with two long sides and two short sides. Concrete ballasts are also present at each vertex of the rectangle. In particular, the short sides are inclined with respect to the horizontal, while the long sides of each panel extend horizontally, one at the top and one at the lowest position of the panel.

[0007] Prior art

[0008] The supports have laterally accessible grooves in which a gripping bracket is engageable. Four brackets allow gripping the panel at the short sides and tighten them to the underlying support.

[0009] A drawback of this solution is linked to the fact that over the years the photovoltaic panels have increased their sizes more and more. The panels must be supported by ballasts, but the larger the size of the panel, the greater the bending stresses. To overcome these drawbacks, use is sometimes made of additional supports placed halfway along the length of the panel. This solves the problem, but has the drawbacks of higher costs and more labour required.

[0010] Object of the invention

[0011] In this context, the technical task underlying the present invention is to propose a photovoltaic system that allows the installation of generously sized panels while optimizing components and costs.

[0012] The defined technical task and the specified aims are substantially achieved by a photovoltaic system comprising the technical features set forth in one or more of the appended claims.

[0013] Brief description of the drawings

[0014] Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the indicative and thus non-limiting description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of a photovoltaic system, as schematically illustrated in the appended drawings, in which:

[0015] - figure 1 shows a perspective view of at least a portion of a system according to the present invention;

[0016] - figure 2 shows a plan view of figure 1 ;

[0017] - figure 3 shows a view according to the section C-C of figure 2;

[0018] - figures 4, 5, 6 show respectively details referred to by the letters D, E, F in figure 3;

[0019] - figures 7 and 8 show views respectively according to sections A-A and B- B of figure 2;

[0020] - figures 9 and 10 show two enlarged details of figure 1 ;

[0021] - figures 11 and 12 show two different configurations of a component of a system according to the present invention;

[0022] - figure 13 shows a sectional view of figure 11 ;

[0023] - figure 14 shows an enlargement of a portion of figure 13;

[0024] - figures 15 and 16 show two different configurations of a component of a system according to the present invention;

[0025] - figure 17 shows a sectional view of figure 15;

[0026] - figures 18 and 19 show respectively a perspective and a plan view of a system according to the present invention;

[0027] - figure 20 shows a front view of the system of figure 19;

[0028] - figure 21 shows a view according to the section plane C-C of figure 19.

[0029] Detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention

[0030] A photovoltaic system is denoted in the attached drawings by reference number 10.

[0031] The system 10 comprises a first row 1 of photovoltaic panels. The photovoltaic panels of the first row 1 have a rectangular plan with two longer sides and two shorter sides. Suitably the longer sides have a length that is greater than that of the shorter sides by at least 50%. The two longest sides of the rectangular plan are oriented along a main longitudinal extension direction 100 of the first row 1. This direction is horizontal. Suitably the longer sides are horizontal. The shorter sides, on the other hand, are inclined with respect to the horizontal. Suitably the panels of the first row 1 are inclined by less than 20°, preferably they are inclined between 5° and 15° with respect to the horizontal. The panels of the first row 1 are inclined with respect to the horizontal and one of the two longer sides is higher than the other. The first row 1 of photovoltaic panels comprises a first panel 11 in turn comprising a first, a second, a third and a fourth side 111 , 112, 113, 114.

[0032] The first and third side 111 , 113 are longer than the second and fourth side 112, 114. For example, the first and third side have a length comprised between 2 metres and 2.5 metres. The second and fourth side 112, 114 have a length comprised between 1 and 1.5 metres. The third side 113 is located at a greater height than the first side 111. Suitably the panels of the first row 1 are identical to each other. Suitably the panels of the first row 1 have the same dimensions.

[0033] The system 10 also comprises a second row 2 of photovoltaic panels. The photovoltaic panels of the second row 2 have a rectangular plan with two longer edges and two shorter edges. Suitably the panels of the second row have the same size as the panels of the first row.

[0034] The two longest edges of the rectangular plan are oriented along a main longitudinal extension of the second row 2. The second row 2 is parallel to the first row 1 . The panels of the second row 2 are inclined with respect to the horizontal and one of the two longer edges is higher than the other. The second row 2 of photovoltaic panels comprises a second panel 21 in turn comprising a first, a second, a third and a fourth edge 211 , 212, 213, 214. The first and third edge 211 , 213 are longer than the second and fourth edge 212, 214. The third edge 213 is located at a greater height than the first edge 211. An imaginary line orthogonal to the second panel 21 (meaning orthogonal to the lying plane of the second panel 21 ) is oriented in a different direction than an imaginary line orthogonal to the first panel 11 (meaning orthogonal to the lying plane of the first panel 11).

[0035] The first panel 11 defines an angle of inclination with respect to the horizontal that is comprised between 5° and 15° and facing the second ballast means 32. The second panel 21 defines an angle of inclination with respect to the horizontal that is comprised between 5° and 15° and facing the second ballast means 32. Suitably the space comprised between the first and the second panel 11 , 21 is comprised between 1 and 5 centimetres. The first and the second panel 11 , 21 are mutually converging upwards.

[0036] Suitably, this type of photovoltaic systems is also known as east-west systems.

[0037] The system 10 comprises first ballast means 31 supporting the first panel 11 . They keep it raised from a (horizontal) rest surface and at the same time retain it to prevent wind or anything else from moving it. The first ballast means 31 comprises a first and a second support 311 , 312 for the first panel 11. The first and the second support 311 , 312 are two distinct and separate bodies. The first and the second support 311 , 312 extend mainly along the main longitudinal extension direction 100 of the first row 1. The first support 311 extends along the first longitudinal extension direction 100 for a length greater than 50 centimetres (and advantageously less than 90 centimetres). The first and the second support 311 , 312 are advantageously equal to each other. Suitably the first and the second support 311 , 312 comprise concrete (preferably they are mainly or even almost entirely made of concrete).

[0038] As exemplified in figures 11 -14 the first ballast means 31 comprises a first support 311 . The first support 311 can be defined as stretchable along the longitudinal extension direction 100. In fact, the parts intended to support the photovoltaic panel(s) are movable away / towards each other. In particular, the first support 311 comprises several rigid bodies (typically only rigid bodies) assembled together and capable of assuming various configurations. In this way they allow stretching or shortening the first support 311 (along the direction 100). For example, figures 11 and 12 show two configurations, a shortened one (figure 11 ) and a stretched one (figure 12).

[0039] The first support 311 comprises a first and a second block 3111 , 3112 mutually constrained, movable away / towards each other, intended to support at least one of the panels of the first row (in particular the first support 311 allows to contribute to the support of the first panel 11 ).

[0040] The distance between the first and the second block 3111 , 3112 is adjustable. Purely by way of example, in a particular configuration the minimum distance between the first and the second block 3111 , 3112 may be comprised between 0 and 40 millimetres, or preferably between 15 and 30 millimetres. Purely by way of example, in a particular configuration, the distance between the first and the second block 3111 , 3112 may be comprised between 500 and 800 millimetres.

[0041] The first ballast means 31 (or the first support 311 ) comprises a guide 313 along which at least one of the first and the second block 3111 , 3112 is movable. In this way, the first support 311 is stretchable (or shortenable). The guide 313 extends mainly along the above longitudinal extension direction 100.

[0042] The first and / or the second block 3111 , 3112 are / is at least partly made of cementitious material. For example, the first and / or the second block 3111 , 3112 are made of concrete, possibly reinforced concrete.

[0043] The guide 313 comprises a rod 3130 connecting the first and the second block 3111 , 3112. Suitably, the rod 3130 can be solidly constrained to the first block 3111. The second block 3112 is movable along said rod 3130. For example, the rod 3130 may be embedded in the material of the first block 3111. In this way it is immovably constrained to the first block 3111. The rod 3130 is preferably, but not necessarily internally hollow. In particular, the rod 3130 is a tubular. The rod 3130 has a preferably polygonal cross-section, for example quadrilateral.

[0044] The guide 313 comprises a sleeve 3131 with respect to which the rod 3130 is slidable. The sleeve 3131 is preferably tubular. Suitably the rod 3130 is movable within the sleeve 3131. In particular, the rod 3130 can assume various positions with respect to the sleeve 3131 (which correspond to different distances between the first and the second block 3111 , 3112). In particular, the rod 3130 can assume various positions in which it is stably coupled to the sleeve 3131 . These positions, for example, may vary discretely (for example, as in the solutions of figures 11 -14) or may vary continuously. For example, the rod 3130 can assume a first position in which a first section is inserted into the sleeve 3131 and a second position in which a second section is inserted into the sleeve 3131 . Suitably in a particular configuration the rod 3130 may traverse across the second block 3112 (and the sleeve 3131 ).

[0045] Advantageously the sleeve 3131 is constrained to the second block 3112. For example, the sleeve 3131 is embedded in the second block 3112. The sleeve 3131 can be coupled to the rod 3130 in various positions along the extent of said rod 3130 thereby varying the distance between the first and the second block 3111 , 3112.

[0046] Suitably the rod 3130 and the sleeve 3131 are connected one to the first block 3111 and one to the second block 3112.

[0047] Advantageously, the rod 3130 can comprise a plurality of holes 3132 (which suitably are through holes; in particular, they cross the thickness of a wall of the rod 3130). Suitably the sleeve 3131 may protrude from the second block 3112. The portion of the sleeve 3131 that protrudes from the second block 3112 may comprise a slot 3133. The slot 3133 is superimposable on the holes 3132. Suitably the slot 3133 is circular and passes through a wall of the sleeve 3131. Suitably, a system for coupling the rod 3130 and the sleeve 3131 may comprise a through element 99 that passes through one of the holes 3132 and said slot 3133. In this way, this through element 99 allows the sleeve 3131 and the rod 3130 to be stably blocked in various positions. Depending on which of said holes 3132 the through element 99 is inserted (in addition to the slot 3133) the distance between the first and the second block 3111 , 3112 can be adjusted and blocked. The through element 99 is for example a screw or a pin. Suitably the first and the second block 3111 , 3112 are substantially identical to each other. They differ because one is stably constrained to the shaft 3130 and one to the sleeve 3131.

[0048] In a particular solution the first support 311 can also be straddled between the first panel 11 and the adjacent panel 12 along the direction 100 (in this case it takes the place of the second support 312 in figure 18). In this case the first block 3111 can contribute to supporting the first panel 11 and the second block 3112 can contribute to supporting the adjacent panel (hereinafter referred to as additional panel 12) or vice versa.

[0049] Suitably the first ballast means 31 comprises a second support 312 (see figure 20). What has been described with reference to the first support 311 can be repeated for the second support 312.

[0050] The system 10 also comprises second ballast means 32 supporting the first and the second panel 11 , 21. The second ballast means 32 comprises a first and a second holder 321 , 322 both supporting the first and the second panel 11 , 21. The first and the second holder 321 , 322 mainly extend along the main longitudinal extension direction 100 of the first row 1 .

[0051] The first and the second holder 321 , 322 are advantageously equal to each other. Suitably the first and the second holder 321 , 322 comprise concrete (preferably they are mainly or entirely made of concrete). The first and the second panel 11 , 21 extend specularly with respect to at least one vertical plane (imaginary of symmetry) passing through the second ballast means 32. In particular, the imaginary vertical plane of symmetry transits through the first and the second holder 321 , 322.

[0052] As exemplified in the solution of figures 15-17 the second ballast means 32 comprises a first holder 321 . The first holder 321 supports (in the sense that it contributes to supporting) at least the first and the second panel 11 , 21. The first holder 321 thus allows part of the mass of the first and the second panel 11 , 21 to be unloaded to the ground. The first holder 321 is stretchable along the longitudinal extension direction 100 (since the parts intended to support the panels are movable away / towards each other). The first holder 321 reaches a greater height than the first support 311. In particular, the first holder 321 comprises several rigid bodies (typically only rigid bodies) assembled together and capable of assuming various configurations that allow stretching or shortening of the first holder 321 (along the direction 100).

[0053] The first holder 321 comprises a first and a second block 3211 , 3212 mutually constrained, movable away / towards each other, intended to support at least one of the panels of the first row 1 and of the second row 2. The first holder 321 reaches a greater height than the first support 311 . The first and the second block 3211 , 3212 are in particular intended to support the first and the second panel 11 , 21. They therefore contribute to the support of the first and the second panel 11 , 21 . In particular, the first and the second block 3211 , 3212 support the upper part of the first and the second panel 11 , 21.

[0054] In particular, the first holder 321 (or in any case the second ballast means 32) comprises a guide 323 along which at least one of the first and the second block 3211 , 3212 is movable to make the first holder 321 stretchable (or shortenable). The guide 323 extends mainly along the above longitudinal extension direction 100.

[0055] The guide 323 comprises a rod 3230 connecting the first and the second block 3211 , 3212. Suitably, the rod 3230 can be solidly constrained to the first block 3211. The second block 3212 is movable along said rod 3230. The guide 323 comprises a sleeve 3231 with respect to which the rod 3230 is slidable. The sleeve 3231 is preferably tubular. Suitably the rod 3230 is movable within the sleeve 3231 . In particular, the rod 3230 can assume various positions with respect to the sleeve 3231 (which correspond to different distances between the first and the second block 3211 , 3212). In particular, the rod 3230 can assume various positions in which it is stably coupled to the sleeve 3231 .

[0056] Advantageously, the rod 3230 can comprise a plurality of holes 3232 (which suitably are through holes; in particular, they cross the thickness of a wall of the rod 3230). Suitably the sleeve 3231 may protrude from the second block 3212. The portion of the sleeve 3231 that protrudes from the second block 3212 may comprise a slot 3233. Suitably, a system for coupling the rod 3230 and the sleeve 3231 may comprise a through element that passes through one of the holes 3232 and said slot 3233. In this way, this through element allows the sleeve 3231 and the rod 3230 to be stably blocked in various positions.

[0057] Suitably the first and the second block 3211 , 3212 of the first holder 321 reach a greater height than the first and the second block 3111 , 3112 of the first support 311 .

[0058] The first block 3211 comprises a first turret 3234 that extends upwards and is intended to contribute to the support of the first and the second panel 11 , 21. In particular, the first and the second panel 11 , 21 rest on the first turret 3234.

[0059] The second block 3212 comprises a second turret 3235 which extends upwards and is intended to contribute to the support of panels. In particular, the first and the second panel 11 , 21 rest on the second turret 3235.

[0060] The first holder 321 also comprises an arm 3239 for connecting the first and the second turret 3234, 3235. Said arm 3239 is partly integrated in the first and the second block 3211 , 3212 and partly defined by the rod 3230. This arm 3239 extends along the direction 100, transversely to the first and the second turret 3234, 3235.

[0061] In the first support 311 , however, the first and the second turret could be absent and the first panel 11 could be supported (resting) directly on the arm.

[0062] Suitably, the first turret 3234 could have a top having two inclined pitches 3236, 3237 joined by a connection zone 3238. A pitch descends towards the first support 311 . The other is specular. These pitches allow one to lay the first panel 11 and the other the second panel 12. This connection zone 3238 is typically horizontal. The connecting zone 3238 typically provides a hole. This hole allows the insertion of a bushing for fixing the first and the second panel 11 , 12.

[0063] The first holder 321 comprises a guide 323 along which at least one of the first and the second block 3211 , 3212 is movable to make the first holder 321 stretchable (or shortenable). The guide 323 extends mainly along the above longitudinal extension direction 100.

[0064] Suitably one or more of the features described above for the first support 311 may be repeated for the first holder 321. In particular, the structure with two blocks that can be movable away / towards each other from the first support 311 can also be repeated for the first holder 321 . In particular, the kinematics that allow this movement away / towards each other have one or more of the characteristics described above.

[0065] In a particular solution the first holder 321 can also be straddled between the first panel 11 and the adjacent panel 12 along the direction 100. In this case the first block 3211 may contribute to supporting the first and the second panel 11 , 21 and the second block 3212 may contribute to supporting the two adjacent panels along the direction 100 (hereinafter referred to as the additional panel 12 and the additional panel 22). In this case, the first holder 321 becomes the one indicated by reference 322 in figure 21.

[0066] Suitably the second ballast means 32 comprises a second holder 322 (see figure 21 ). What has been described with reference to the first holder 321 can be repeated for the second holder 322.

[0067] The system comprises third ballast means 33 supporting the second panel 21. The third ballast means 33 comprises a first and a second rest 331 , 332 for the second panel 21. The first and the second rest 331 , 332 mainly extend along the main longitudinal extension direction 100 of the first row 1 . The third ballast means 33 are equal to the first ballast means 31.

[0068] In particular, the first and the second rest 331 , 332 are equal to the first and the second support 311 , 312, respectively. The first and the second rest 331 , 332 are advantageously equal to each other. Suitably the first and the second rest 331 , 332 comprise concrete (preferably they are mainly or entirely made of concrete).

[0069] Suitably the third ballast means 33 has one or more of the characteristics described with reference to the first ballast means 31 (suitably with the difference that the first ballast means 31 contributes to the support of at least the first panel 11 and the third ballast means 33 contributes to the support of at least the second panel 12). In particular, the third ballast means 33 could comprise a first rest 331. This first rest 331 is stretchable along the longitudinal extension direction 100 (as the parts intended to support the panels are movable away / towards each other). In particular, the first rest 331 comprises several rigid bodies (typically only rigid bodies) assembled together and capable of assuming various configurations; in this way they allow stretching or shortening the first rest 331 (along the direction 100).

[0070] For example, the first rest 331 could also be illustrated by figures 11 -14.

[0071] The system 10 comprises first retention means 41 which acts on the first side 111 of the first panel 11 and which is constrained to the first ballast means 31. The first retention means 41 suitably acts only on the first side 111.

[0072] The system 10 does not comprise retention means of the first panel 11 which acts on the second and / or on the fourth side 112, 114.

[0073] The retention means of the panels of the first row 1 with rest ballasts follow one another aligned only and exclusively along two parallel lines. The same can be repeated for the panels of the second and third row 2, 3. The system comprises second retention means 42 which acts on the third side 113 and / or on the third edge 213 and which is constrained to the second ballast means 32. The second ballast means 32 extends more in height than the first and third ballast means 31 , 33 to position the third side 113 and the third edge 213 higher respectively than the first side 111 and the first edge 211.

[0074] Suitably the third side 113 and the third edge 213 are at the same height. Suitably they are parallel. For example, the distance is comprised between 1 and 10 centimetres. Suitably the first side 111 and the first edge 211 are at the same height. The second side 112 and the second edge 212 are mutually converging by moving upwards. Preferably the angle defined by the second side 112 and the second edge 212 is comprised between 150° and 170°.

[0075] The system 10 does not comprise retention means of the first and of the second panel 11 , 21 which acts on the second and / or on the fourth side 112, 114 and / or on the second and / or on the fourth edge 212, 214. The system 10 comprises third retention means 43 which acts on the first edge 211 of the second panel 21 and which is constrained to the third ballast means 33. The system 10 does not comprise retention means of the second panel 21 which acts on the second and / or on the fourth edge 212, 214.

[0076] The first row 1 of photovoltaic panels comprises an additional photovoltaic panel 12 having a rectangular plan in which there are two sides longer than the other two. The second support 312 and the second holder 322 contribute to supporting the additional photovoltaic panel 12.

[0077] The system 10 comprises first gripping means 44 constrained to the second support 312 which constrains the additional photovoltaic panel 12 at one of said two longer sides.

[0078] Suitably the second row 2 comprises an additional photovoltaic panel 22. It adjoins the additional panel 12 and the second panel 21. The second holder 322 contributes to the support of the additional panel 22 as well as the first panel 11 , the second panel 21 and the additional panel 12.

[0079] Suitably the first and / or the second holder 321 , 322 comprise a lower base 327 from which two arms 328, 329 extend upwards. A similar thing can be repeated for the first and / or the second support 311 , 312. It can also be repeated for the first and / or the second rest 331 , 332.

[0080] The two arms 328, 329 are preferably, but not necessarily, vertical. The inner base 327 is preferably horizontal. The two arms 328, 329 extend from two opposite ends of the base 327.

[0081] Advantageously, the second retention means 42 comprises a first bracket which, on the one hand, constrains the first panel 11 and, on the other hand, constrains the second panel 21 . This first bracket is advantageously placed on the first holder 321. Advantageously, the second retention means 42 also comprises a second bracket 422. The second bracket 422 is placed on the second holder 322. The second bracket 422 on the one hand constrains the first panel 21 and on the other hand constrains the second panel 22. Suitably the first bracket and the second bracket 422 are identical to each other.

[0082] Advantageously, the system 10 also comprises a third row 3 of photovoltaic panels. The third row 3 extends parallel to the first row 1 . Advantageously, the system 10 also comprises a fourth row 4 of photovoltaic panels. The fourth row 4 extends parallel to the first row 1 . The second row 2 is interposed between the first and third rows 1 , 3. The third row 3 is interposed between the second and fourth row 2, 4. The combination of the first and the second row 1 , 2 defines a dual-pitched canopy. The combination of the third and fourth row 3, 4 defines a dualpitched canopy. The combination of the second and third row 2, 3 defines a valley. Suitably the panels of the third row 3 are oriented parallel to those of the first row 1. Suitably the panels of the fourth row 4 are oriented parallel to those of the second row 2. Suitably the panels of the third row 3 and / or of the fourth row 4 are identical in sizes to those of the first row 1 .

[0083] Suitably, the first and the second rest 331 , 332 have a first face and a second upper face 324, respectively (the second face 324 is shown in figure 5, but the first face is completely similar); both the first face and the second upper face 324 comprise a first abutment step 325 of the second panel 21 and a second abutment step 326 of a panel of the third row 3. The present invention achieves important advantages.

[0084] First of all, it allows to optimize the necessary components and also allows a construction that is as modular as possible.

[0085] The invention thus conceived is susceptible to numerous modifications and variants, all falling within the scope of the inventive concept that characterises it. Furthermore, all the details may be replaced with other technically equivalent elements. All the materials used, as well as the dimensions, may in practice be any whatsoever according to needs.

Claims

CLAIMS1 . A photovoltaic system comprising:- a first row (1 ) of photovoltaic panels; the photovoltaic panels of the first row (1 ) having a rectangular plan with two longer sides and two shorter sides; the two longer sides of the rectangular plan being oriented along a main longitudinal extension direction (100) of the first row (1 ); the panels of the first row (1) being inclined with respect to the horizontal and one of the two longer sides being higher than the other; the first row (1 ) of photovoltaic panels comprises a first panel (11 ) in turn comprising a first, a second, a third and a fourth side (111 , 112, 113, 114); the first and the third side (111 , 113) being longer than the second and the fourth side (112, 114); the third side (113) being at a greater height than the first side (111 );- a second row (2) of photovoltaic panels; the photovoltaic panels of the second row (2) having a rectangular plan with two longer edges and two shorter edges; the two longer edges of the rectangular plan being oriented along a main longitudinal extension of the second row (2); the panels of the second row (2) being inclined with respect to the horizontal and one of the two longer edges being higher than the other; the second row (2) of photovoltaic panels comprising a second panel (21 ) in turn comprising a first, a second, a third and a fourth edge (211 , 212, 213, 214); the first and the third edge (211 , 213) being longer than the second and the fourth edge (212, 214); the third edge (213) being at a greater height than the first edge (211 ); an imaginary straight line orthogonal to the second panel (21 ) being oriented in a different direction with respect to an imaginary straight line orthogonal to the first panel (11 );- first ballast means (31 ) supporting the first panel (11 );- second ballast means (32) supporting the first and the second panel (11 , 21 );- third ballast means (33) supporting the second panel (21 );- first retention means (41 ) acting on the first side (111 ) of the first panel(11 ) and constrained to the first ballast means (31 );- second retention means (42) acting on the third side (113) and / or on the third edge (213) and constrained to the second ballast means (32);- third retention means (43) acting on the first edge (211) of the second panel (21 ) and constrained to the third ballast means (33).

2. The system according to claim 1 , characterized in that the first ballast means (31 ) comprises a first support (311 ) comprising a first and a second block (3111 , 3112) mutually constrained, movable away / towards each other, intended to support at least one of the panels of the first row (1).

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that said first support (311 ) comprises a guide (313) along which at least one of the first and the second block (3111 , 3112) is movable to make the first and the second block (3111 , 3112) movable away / towards each other.

4. The system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the first and / or the second block (3111 , 3112) are / is at least partly made of cementitious material; said guide (313) comprising a rod (3130) connecting the first and the second block (3111 , 3112); the second block (3112) being movable along said rod (3130).

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that said guide (313) comprises a sleeve (3111 ) with respect to which said rod (3130) is slidable; said sleeve (3111 ) being constrained to the second block (3112) and being able to be coupled to the rod (3130) in various positions along the extent of said rod (3130) thereby varying the distance between first and second blocks (3111 , 3112).

6. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the second ballast means (32) comprises a first holder (321 ) comprising a first and a second block (3211 , 3212) mutually constrained, movable away / towards each other, intended to support at least one of the panels of the first row (1) and of the second row (2); the first holder (321 ) reaching a greater height than the first support (311).

7. The system according to claim 1 , characterized in that the first ballastmeans (31 ) comprises a first and a second support (311 , 312) for the first panel (11 ); the first and the second support (311 , 312) extending mainly along the main longitudinal extension direction (100) of the first row (1 ).

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that the first and the second support (311 , 312) are mainly made of concrete.

9. The system according to claim 1 or 7 or 8, characterized in that the third ballast means (33) is equal to the first ballast means (31 ).

10. The system according to claim 1 or 7 or 8 or 9, characterized in that the second ballast means (32) comprises a first and a second holder (321 , 322) both supporting the first and the second panel (11 , 21 ); the first and the second holder (321 , 322) mainly extending along the main longitudinal extension direction (100) of the first row (1).11 . The system according to claim 10, characterized in that the first row (1) of photovoltaic panels comprises an additional photovoltaic panel (12) having a rectangular plan in which there are two sides longer than the other two; the second support (312) and the second holder (322) contributing to supporting the additional photovoltaic panel (12); said system (10) comprising first gripping means (44) constrained to the second support (312) which constrains the additional photovoltaic panel (12) at one of said two longer sides.

12. The system according to claim 10 or 11 , characterized in that the first holder (321 ) and the second holder (322) comprise a lower base (327) from which two arms (328, 329) extend upwards.

13. The system according to claim 1 or according to any one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the second ballast means (32) extends more in height than the first and third ballast means (31 , 33) to position the third side (113) and the third edge (213) higher respectively than the first side (111 ) and the first edge (211 ).

14. The system according to claim 1 or according to any one of claims 7 to 13, characterized in that the first and the second panel (11 , 21 ) extend specularly with respect to at least one imaginary vertical plane ofsymmetry passing through the second ballast means (32).

15. The system according to claim 1 or according to any one of claims 7 to 14, characterized in that the second retention means (42) comprises a bracket (422) which, on the one hand, constrains the first panel (11 ) and, on the other hand, constrains the second panel (21 ).

Images