Device for testing a timepiece member

Abstract

Testing device (20) of a timepiece (100), comprising at least: - a holding device (30), arranged to receive and hold in place the timepiece (100), - a fixing device (40), arranged to fix the holding device (30) on a testing machine (10), characterized in that one of the holding device (30) and the fixing device (40) comprises a counterform at least partially matching the other of the holding device (30) and the fixing device (40), and in that the counterform is arranged to allow adjustment of the fixing of the holding device (30) according to at least seven distinct relative orientations between the holding device (30) and the fixing device (40).

Description

Technical field of the invention

[0001] The present invention relates generally to a device for testing a watch component, and in particular, the present invention relates to a testing device designed to hold in place a watch component such as for example a movement or a watch case comprising a movement, in order to subject it to dynamic tests such as shocks, vibration tests, or even acceleration tests. State of the art

[0002] In the prior art of watch organ testing devices, documents CH699300A1 and CH699301A1 are known, which describe test devices designed to hold a watch organ in place during mechanical and environmental tests. On the other hand, these devices do not provide great flexibility in the relative positioning between the watch organ and the testing machine, since only a few predetermined relative positions are possible. Also, it can be noted that these documents do not propose a solution for easily handling and installing the test devices described on the testing machine. Statement of the invention

[0003] An aim of the present invention is to address the drawbacks of the prior art mentioned above and in particular, first of all, to propose a testing device which provides great ease of use and / or great freedom of relative positioning between the watch organ to be tested and the testing machine.

[0004] For this, a first aspect of the invention relates to a device for testing a watch organ, comprising at least: a holding device, arranged to receive and hold the watch organ in place, a fixing device, arranged to fix the holding device on a testing machine, characterized in that one of the holding device and the fixing device comprises a counterform at least partially matching the other of the holding device and the fixing device, and in that the counterform is arranged to allow adjustment of the fixing of the holding device according to at least seven distinct relative orientations between the holding device and the fixing device.

[0005] The test device according to the above implementation comprises a holding device which can be repositioned relative to the fixing device (and therefore relative to the test machine) in at least seven distinct relative orientations, which allows the member to be tested in multiple orientations. For this purpose, one of the holding device and the fixing device comprises a counterform at least partially matching the other of the holding device and the fixing device. In other words, one of the holding device and the fixing device comprises a predetermined shape and the other of the holding device and the fixing device comprises a counterform matching the predetermined shape and allowing easy repositioning in multiple relative positions (at least seven).

[0006] In other words, current watchmaking tests are limited to the six watchmaking positions, which are very specific. The six orientations are orthogonal to each other, with the normal to the plane of the movement parallel or perpendicular to gravity, and the 12H-6H axis of the movement parallel or perpendicular to gravity in a vertical position. According to the invention, at least seven relative positions are allowed, and it may be noted that these are at least seven orientations that are not necessarily orthogonal to each other. There is therefore much greater freedom of adjustment in relative positions to increase the representativeness of the stresses undergone by the watch. Even if the six standard watchmaking positions are a theoretical reference that can be used with the present invention, the device for testing a watchmaking organ according to the above implementation makes it possible to test the watchmaking organ according to an infinite number of relative arrangements or orientations.

[0007] According to one embodiment, the counterform comprises at least one continuous contact portion between the holding device and the fixing device and arranged to allow a continuous variation of the fixing setting between at least two distinct and orthogonal relative orientations between the holding device and the fixing device. Such a continuous variation of the fixing setting provides an infinity of relative positions between the holding device and the fixing device, which are all possibilities for testing the watchmaking organ.

[0008] According to one embodiment, said at least one continuous portion comprises a continuous contact surface between the holding device and the fixing device, of curved, and / or ovoid, and / or spherical shape.

[0009] According to one embodiment, it can be provided that the holding device has a spherical, substantially spherical or generally spherical external shape.

[0010] According to one embodiment, the fixing device may have or comprise a female receiving shape, comprising a cylindrical portion or a spherical portion or a cone portion, for receiving the holding device.

[0011] According to one embodiment, the counterform comprises at least two distinct portions arranged to allow discrete fixing adjustment according to at least two distinct relative orientations, for example according to orthogonal directions, between the holding device and the fixing device. Indexing can be provided, in particular with flats and / or notches to provide predetermined and discrete positioning (separate distinct positions).

[0012] According to one embodiment, the fixing device comprises at least one opening, and / or the holding device fixed by the fixing device comprises at least one portion directly accessible from the outside, for example to receive a shock directly on the holding device. In other words, the fixing device is designed to leave at least a portion of the holding device directly accessible from the outside to be able to apply for example a shock during a shock test or vibrations during a vibration test directly on the holding device. The test is therefore reliable and representative, because the holding device (receiving and supporting the watch organ) is directly stressed.

[0013] According to one embodiment, the testing device comprises an orientation adjustment device with orientation drive means arranged to move the holding device relative to the fixing device. Such orientation drive means allow to automatically adjust or assist an operator to quickly and reliably adjust the orientation between the holding device and the fixing device.

[0014] Alternatively or in combination, the orientation drive means allow the position of the fixture on the testing machine to be adjusted. In other words, provision can be made to change the relative position of the entire testing device with respect to the testing machine.

[0015] According to one embodiment, the orientation training means: comprise a docking portion arranged to couple reversibly with respect to the holding device and / or with respect to the fixing device, and / or comprise at least one drive roller of the holding device, and / or at least one drive track of the holding device, and / or at least one drive arm of the holding device. Generally, the orientation drive means are provided to couple directly with the holding device and to move it relative to the fixing device, and / or directly on the fixing device and to move it relative to the machine.

[0016] According to one embodiment, the docking portion comprises a drive square (or any other form of rotation stop). According to one embodiment, the orientation drive means comprise locking means on the holding device, for example a ball plunger provided on the drive square.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the orientation training means: comprise a portion passing through the opening and / or are arranged to come into contact with said at least one portion of the holding device directly accessible from the outside.

[0018] According to one embodiment, the fixing device comprises: at least one cradle arranged to receive the holding device, at least one clamping member movable between an open position in which the holding device can be freely received or removed from the cradle, and a clamping position, in which the holding device is clamped on the cradle, and said at least one clamping member is arranged to be able to occupy an adjustment position arranged between the clamping position and the opening position, and in which a relative orientation between the holding device and the fixing device can be adjusted. In other words, said at least one clamping member can occupy three different positions: opening position, clamping position and adjustment position. According to one embodiment, with said at least one clamping member in the adjustment position, the holding device cannot be removed from the test device: the holding device can be moved to adjust a relative position particular, but it cannot be removed. Thus, in the adjustment position, the holding device cannot fall or become completely detached.

[0019] According to one embodiment, the cradle comprises said at least one counterform at least partially matching the holding device, and said at least one clamping member is provided for pushing and clamping the holding device in the counterform.

[0020] According to one embodiment, said at least one clamping member comprises at least: a pivoting clamping lever, and / or a sliding clamping jaw, and / or a clamping screw.

[0021] According to one embodiment, the fixing device comprises reversible fixing means on the testing machine.

[0022] According to one embodiment, the holding device comprises: two half-shells arranged to be fixed together and contain the timepiece organ, and / or at least one measuring sensor such as an inclinometer, an accelerometer, an image sensor, a force sensor, and / or an outer casing with a contact surface for the fixing device which is substantially continuous, and / or curved, and / or ovoid, and / or spherical, and / or a positioning device, such as a holding system, for positioning and / or holding the timepiece organ on or in the holding device, for example by clamping or sandwiching, and / or means for identifying a position of the timepiece organ in the holding device.

[0023] As an example, a system can be envisaged which could allow the measurement of linear accelerations with a triaxial sensor and the measurement of angular accelerations by combining the first sensor with a linear accelerometer.

[0024] The sensor(s) can be provided as close as possible to the watch organ, preferably at the center of gravity of the holding device, to ensure reliable acceleration measurements.

[0025] These acceleration measurements can be carried out on a dummy watch part, for example a blank of the same shape and weight as the watch movement, in which an accelerometer has been fixed. Once the measurements have been carried out for a test machine and a given orientation, the same test can be carried out on the watch part, starting from the assumption that the forces and accelerations will be the same as those measured on the dummy element. It is then possible to guarantee that tests can be carried out in multiple orientations, and to further improve the accuracy of the measurements, calibration phases can be planned both for the relative orientation and for the measurement of the physical parameters. Such a calibration can take into account the specificities of the test device, the relative orientation, or even the test itself.

[0026] At least one vision system can be provided to observe the impact of shocks on the watch and the movement.

[0027] All collected information can be sent to a central unit, which can be integrated into the test machine.

[0028] The holding device may have a wired or wireless connection to transmit the measured information to the central unit (such as a computer).

[0029] Preferably, the test device also comprises at least one identification means, such as a barcode or an RFID chip.

[0030] According to one embodiment, the components of the test device (holding device and fixing device) which are in contact with other components (for clamping, for applying shocks, etc.) can be made from: of a wear-resistant steel with good surface hardness such as DIN 1.2510, and / or of an aluminium treated by anodisation or oxidation (for example by micro-arc) to transform and harden its surface, and / or of a polymer (Polyoxymethylene (POM)) and / or an elastomer (polyurethane (PUR)) and / or plastic and / or titanium and / or any other metallic material.

[0031] It should be noted that these components can be made of different materials (bi-material or multi-material). The choice of the appropriate material must take into account the mechanical characteristics of the material and its weight, which must be as low as possible.

[0032] According to one embodiment, the test device comprises the watch organ, formed by a watch movement, or a watch head, or a wristwatch.

[0033] A second aspect of the invention relates to a testing machine comprising a testing device according to the first aspect for carrying out a shock test, and / or a linear acceleration test, and / or a vibration test, and / or an angular acceleration test.

[0034] According to one embodiment, the test machine comprises: a chassis, a test arm, movable relative to the chassis, an anvil (or a target or even an impact plate or a base block), fixed relative to the chassis, and the test device is supported by a free end of the test arm, the test arm being arranged to project the test device, and in particular the holding device against the anvil (or target or even an impact plate or a base block).

[0035] According to one embodiment, the testing machine may be designed to perform shock tests on watch movements and watches according to different standards such as NIHS 91-10 of April 2016, NIHS 91-20 of April 2022, NIHS 91-30 of August 2021 or NIHS 93-20 of August 2021.

[0036] Thus, according to the different implementations below, it is possible to optimize the test rates and ensure reproducibility on each movement, the solution offers the possibilities below: To be able to use the same support, for different movements or watch heads, for different tests on different test equipment; To quickly and simply identify the position of a reference plane of the watchmaking organ and orient it according to different spatial orientations (automatically or not) in a precise and reproducible manner; To be able to carry out new, original tests using an infinite spectrum of orientations of the movement to be tested. Description of figures

[0037] Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear more clearly on reading the following detailed description of embodiment(s) of the invention given as non-limiting example(s) and illustrated by the appended drawings, in which: [ Fig. 1 ] represents a simplified diagram of a testing machine intended to apply a shock to a watch component and comprising a testing arm in an initial position, supporting a testing device according to the invention comprising a holding device enclosing the watch component and a fixing device arranged to fix the holding device to the testing arm of the testing machine; [ fig. 2 ] represents the test machine of the figure 1 with the test arm in a final position, the holding device having been projected onto an anvil (or a target or an impact plate) of the test machine; [ fig. 3a ] represents a part of the test machine of the figure 1 with the fixing device having partially released the holding device to be able to adjust a relative position of the holding device with respect to the test arm; [ fig. 3b ] represents a part of the test machine of the figure 1 with the fixing device having completely released the holding device so that it can be removed from the test machine; [ fig. 4 ] represents a sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a part of the holding device of the figure 1 ; [ fig. 5 ] represents a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a system for holding the watch organ in the holding device; [ fig. 6 ] represents a sectional view of a part of the holding device of the figure 4 receiving the holding system and the watchmaking organ of the figure 5 ; [ fig. 7 ] represents in detail an example of an embodiment of a fixing device receiving the holding device of the figure 4 Or 6 ; [ fig. 8 ] represents orientation drive means operable to change a relative orientation between the holding device and the fixing device, for example when the fixing device has partially released the holding device. Detailed description of embodiment(s)

[0038] There figure 1 represents a simplified diagram of a test machine 10 intended to apply a shock to a watch component and comprising a test arm 14 in an initial position, supporting a test device 20 according to the invention comprising a holding device 30 enclosing the watch component and a fixing device 40 arranged to fix the holding device 30 to the test arm 14 of the test machine 10.

[0039] In detail, and according to the simplified example shown, the test machine 10 comprises: a base table 11, a jib 12 fixed on the base table 11, an anvil 13 also fixed on the base table 11, a test arm 14 mounted on the jib 12 and articulated according to a pivot connection according to this particular example.

[0040] The test device 20 comprises in particular a holding device 30 which carries the watch organ and the fixing device 40 which is provided for reversibly fixing or attaching the holding device 30 to the test machine 10 and in particular to the test arm 14.

[0041] The holding device 30 comprises two half-shells 31 and 32 assembled together to have a spherical or substantially spherical or generally spherical shape. The structure will be detailed in more detail below with reference to figures 4 à 6 .

[0042] The fixing device 40 comprises a counterform forming a cradle 41 which receives the holding device 30, two pivoting clamping arms 42 and a clamping cylinder 43 arranged between the two clamping arms 42 to exert a reversible clamping force on the holding device 30. On the figure 1 , the two clamping arms 42 are in contact with the holding device 30 and hold it firmly under the action of the clamping cylinder 43.

[0043] To apply a shock to the watch organ embedded in the holding device, the test machine 10 can of course include control and / or motorization means to pivot the test arm 14. On the figure 1 , the test arm 14 is in an initial test position and holds the holding device (via the fixing device 40) opposite the anvil 13 carried by the base table 11. On the figure 2 , the test arm 14 is passed into a final test position, the holding device 30 having been projected against the anvil 13 to undergo an impact. Depending on the pivoting speeds of the test arm 14 and / or the masses of the different components, it is possible to provide for imposing impacts with decelerations of the order of a few g to several hundreds, thousands or tens of thousands of g.

[0044] On the figure 1 , the two clamping arms 42 are in a clamping position, in which they fix and firmly hold the holding device 30 on the cradle 41. On the figure 3a , after actuation of the clamping cylinder 43, the two clamping arms 42 are in an adjustment position, in which they leave the holding device 30 free to be moved and repositioned in the cradle 41. However, with the two clamping arms 42 in the adjustment position, the holding device 30 cannot be completely removed from the fixing device 40. On the figure 3b , after actuation of the clamping cylinder 43, the two clamping arms 42 are in an open position, in which they leave the holding device 30 completely free to be removed from the cradle 41 and from the testing machine 10.

[0045] It may be noted that the cradle 41 has a counterform, to the spherical (or substantially spherical) shape of the holding device, so that in the open position or in the adjustment position, an infinite number of relative positions can be imposed between the holding device 30 and the fixing device 40 and therefore between the holding device 30 and the test machine 10.

[0046] There figure 4 represents a sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a part of the holding device 30 of the figure 1 . As indicated, the holding device 30 comprises two half-shells 31 and 32 assembled together for example by screwing. In detail, it is possible to provide a first half-shell 31 which comprises a thread 311 and a second half-shell 32 which comprises a tapping 321 provided to engage with the thread 311. The first half-shell 31 and the second half-shell 32 are each hollowed out to receive a holding system which supports the watch organ to be tested. In particular, a fixing interface 313 (here an internal fixing plane with tappings and blind locating holes) can be provided in the recess of the first half-shell 31. A first drive square 312 (or any other form of rotation stop) can also be provided which opens onto the external surface of the first half-shell 31 and a second drive square 322 (or any other form of rotation stop) which opens onto the second half-shell 32.It may be noted that the first drive square 312 is substantially coaxial with the second drive square 322, and / or of a direction substantially normal to the internal fixing plane of the fixing interface 313. The first drive square 312 and the second drive square 322 can be used to assemble, tighten, loosen, manipulate, position the first half-shell 31 and / or the second half-shell 32.

[0047] There figure 5 represents a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a holding system 50 for the watch organ 100 in the holding device 30. In this particular example, the watch organ 100 is formed by a watch case containing a watch movement. The holding system 50 comprises two flanges which can clamp the horns and the watch case and which each comprise a base 51 and a flange head 52, held together by at least one fixing screw 53. A single base can be provided which receives the two flange heads 52.

[0048] In the context of a test machine 10 for imposing shocks, a particular material can be provided for the half-shells 31 and 32. Stainless steels, hardened or surface-treated steels can be provided to have sufficient hardness to ensure durability and the absence of deformation. Surface-hardened aluminum or polymer materials can also be provided. In other words, a material can be provided that allows the greatest possible energy to be transmitted to the movement, and in a repeatable manner. To properly take into account the influence of the materials, the geometry and the test apparatus, a calibration of the test device can be provided with sensors to properly determine the accelerations experienced by the part to be tested, in each of the relative orientations to be tested.

[0049] There figure 6 represents a sectional view of a part of the holding device 30 of the figure 4 receiving the holding system 50 and the watch organ 100 of the figure 5 . As on the figure 5 , the watch organ 100 is pinched or clamped between the base 51 and the flange head 52 of the two fixing flanges, and as shown in figure 6 , the flanges of the holding system 50 are each fixed to the fixing interface 313 of the first half-shell 31 by the fixing screws 53. Finally, figure 6 , the holding device 30 is closed on the timepiece organ 100, that is to say that the first half-shell 31 is screwed into the second half-shell 32, to form a sphere.

[0050] We can note on the figure 6 , above or below the timepiece 100, the presence of a recess which can be used to place a measurement sensor (shocks, vibrations, vision sensor, etc.) during the tests. Such a sensor can be clamped or fixed by screws for example, and provision can be made to calibrate it to ensure good measurement accuracy. Provision can also be made to install in place of the timepiece 10 a dummy timepiece which would contain the aforementioned sensors.

[0051] There figure 7 represents the fixing device 40 receiving the holding device 30. It can be noted that each of the two clamping arms 42 is articulated in rotation around a pivot axis 421, so that a contact interface 422 (in this example, a cylindrical shaft) can bear on the holding device 30 and that the clamping cylinder 43 can act on a control axis 423 to simultaneously move the two clamping arms 42. On the figure 7 , the two clamping arms 42 are pushed back at the level of the axes 423 against the holding device 30 by the clamping cylinder 43, which presses the holding device 30 against the cradle 41, in the counterform of the latter. Thus, the holding device 30 is firmly pressed against the cradle 41 and if an impact is applied to the holding device 30, the relative position of the holding device 30 with respect to the cradle 41 remains unchanged.

[0052] As indicated in the explanations relating to the figure 3a , it is possible to loosen the grip of the clamping arms 42 on the holding device 30 to allow relative movement between the holding device 30 and the fixing device, in particular relative to the cradle 41.

[0053] There figure 8 shows an example of orientation drive means 60 that can be used to change a relative orientation between the holding device 30 and the cradle 41, for example when the fixing device has partially released the holding device 30 as in the figure 3a .

[0054] The 60 orientation training means of the figure 8 include in particular: a docking clamp 61, provided to couple with the holding device 30 (with one of the first drive square 312 or the second drive square 322), a control cylinder 62, provided to couple and uncouple the docking clamp 61 from the holding device 30, a rotation actuator 63, here a rotary motor with gearing for driving the docking clamp 61 in rotation, and also the holding device 30 when the docking clamp 61 is coupled thereto, displacement means 64, provided to approach and insert the docking clamp 61 into one of the first drive square 312 or the second drive square 322. As shown by the arrows at the bottom of the figure 8 , elements can be provided allowing the drive means in orientation 60 to pivot: around a substantially vertical axis on the figure 8 and passing substantially through the center of gravity of the holding device 30, and / or around a substantially horizontal axis on the figure 8 and passing substantially through the center of gravity of the holding device 30.

[0055] Thus, provision may be made to automatically and in a controlled manner move the holding device 30 relative to the cradle 41. In particular, the rotation actuator 63 may comprise a stepper motor to impose a predetermined and precise rotation on the holding device 30 relative to the cradle 41. Provision may also be made to calibrate the orientation drive means 60 to ensure good precision and / or good reproducibility of the relative positioning imposed by the rotation drive means 60.

[0056] The test machine 10 can therefore receive the holding device 30 in a particular position to carry out a dynamic test (such as a shock test according to the example given).

[0057] As indicated above and as shown in particular by the figures 1, 2 And 6 , the relative position between the holding device 30 and the fixing device 40 imposes a relative position between the watch organ 100 and the test machine 10, and in particular with the anvil (or target or impact plate) 13 in the example of a shock machine. It can be noted that at the end of tests carried out with a first relative position between the holding device 30 and the test machine 10, it is easy to change this relative position or orientation. Indeed, it is sufficient to move the clamping arms 42 into the adjustment position to unclamp the holding device 30 and modify its relative position with respect to the cradle 41 before moving the clamping arms 42 back into the clamping position in order to re-clamp the holding device 30 in a new relative position with the test machine 10.

[0058] The counterform of the cradle 41 makes it possible to provide an infinite number of relative positions between the holding device 30 and the test machine 10. It is possible to provide for tests to be carried out in 6 orthogonal directions of a Cartesian reference system: +X; +Y; +Z; -X; -Y; -Z, and it is easy to carry out tests in positions or orientations intermediate to these main axes. To ensure the accuracy of the relative position or orientation, it is possible to provide for the use of the orientation drive means 60, and / or it is possible to provide a particular marking or notching on the holding device 30 to give a reference or a positioning reference to an operator or to an automaton of the test machine 10. Industrial application

[0059] A test device according to the present invention, and its manufacture, are capable of industrial application.

[0060] It will be understood that various modifications and / or improvements obvious to those skilled in the art may be made to the various embodiments of the invention described in the present description without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0061] In particular, it can be noted that the first male half-shell 31 and the second half-shell 32 of the figures 4 And 6 are assembled together by screwing, but other types of assembly method can be provided (by screws, by elastic interlocking, etc.).

[0062] The external shape of the holding device 30 is spherical, but other shapes can be provided which allow relative repositioning with the fixing device. For example, a smooth counter-shape can be provided so as to be able to offer an infinite number of relative positions, but counter-shapes with pre-positioning (grooves, notches, etc.) can also be provided. For example, grooves can be mentioned on the external surface of the holding device. For example, these grooves can also indicate the position of the timepiece organ present in the holding device, and / or present an identification means and / or present an indexing means.

[0063] The cradle 41 comprises in the example given a spherical counterform, but a cylindrical hole with a chamfer, or a portion of cone can be provided to receive the holding device 30.

[0064] The orientation drive means 60 may comprise drive rollers or rollers instead of the docking clamp 61. Alternatively, a five-axis robot with a gripping clamp may be provided which can reposition the holding device 30 in the cradle 41.

[0065] The holding device 30 may vary depending on the model and size of the watch organ 100 to be tested.

[0066] Similarly, several types of fixing positions 50 can be provided depending on the timepiece 100 to be tested. It is possible to fix the timepiece 100 to be tested by resting on the horns, or alternatively on the bezel if it is not rotating. It is possible to test a bare movement, and in this case, its fixing in the holding device 30 would then be preferably carried out by compression directly on a plate. It is also possible to hold the timepiece 100 to be tested by compression or sandwiching between the components of the holding device 30. With regard to the testing of a wristwatch, the holding system can be formed by a cylinder with an ellipsoidal section, allowing a hold similar to that of a human wrist.

[0067] It should be noted that the 312 or 322 drive squares can be replaced by any other shape that allows rotational indexing. If a sufficiently powerful clamp is provided, a cylindrical hole with a circular section can even be proposed.

Claims

1. Testing device (20) for a watch component (100), comprising at least: - a holding device (30), arranged to receive and hold the watch component (100) in place, - a fixing device (40), arranged to fix the holding device (30) on a testing machine (10), characterized in that one of the holding device (30) and the fixing device (40) comprises a counterform at least partially matching the other of the holding device (30) and the fixing device (40), and in that the counterform is arranged to allow adjustment of the fixing of the holding device (30) according to at least seven distinct relative orientations between the holding device (30) and the fixing device (40).

2. Test device (20) according to claim 1, wherein the counterform comprises at least one continuous contact portion between the holding device (30) and the fixing device (40) and arranged to allow a continuous variation of the fixing setting between at least two distinct and orthogonal relative orientations between the holding device (30) and the fixing device (40).

3. Test device (20) according to claim 2, wherein said at least one continuous portion comprises a continuous contact surface between the holding device (30) and the fixing device (40), of curved, and / or ovoid, and / or spherical shape.

4. Test device (20) according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which the counterform comprises at least two distinct portions arranged to allow discrete fixing adjustment according to at least two distinct relative orientations, for example according to orthogonal directions, between the holding device (30) and the fixing device (40).

5. Test device (20) according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which the fixing device (40) comprises at least one opening, and / or in which the holding device (30) fixed by the fixing device (40) comprises at least one portion directly accessible from the outside, for example to receive an impact directly on the holding device (30).

6. Test device (20) according to one of claims 1 to 5, comprising an orientation adjustment device with orientation drive means (60) arranged to move the holding device (30) relative to the fixing device (40).

7. Test device (20) according to claim 6, wherein the orientation drive means (60): - comprise a docking portion arranged to couple reversibly relative to the holding device (30), and / or - comprise at least one drive roller of the holding device (30), and / or at least one drive track of the holding device (30), and / or at least one drive arm of the holding device (30).

8. Test device (20) according to one of claims 6 or 7 in their dependence on claim 5, in which the orientation drive means (60): - comprise a portion passing through the opening and / or - are arranged to come into contact with said at least one portion of the holding device (30) directly accessible from the outside.

9. Test device (20) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the fixing device (40) comprises: - at least one cradle (41) arranged to receive the holding device (30), - at least one clamping member movable between an open position in which the holding device (30) can be freely received or removed from the cradle (41), and a clamping position, in which the holding device (30) is clamped on the cradle (41), and in which said at least one clamping member is arranged to be able to occupy an adjustment position arranged between the clamping position and the open position, and in which a relative orientation between the holding device (30) and the fixing device (40) can be adjusted.

10. Test device (20) according to claim 9, wherein the cradle (41) comprises said at least one counterform at least partially matching the holding device (30), and wherein said at least one clamping member is provided for pushing and clamping the holding device (30) in the counterform.

11. Test device (20) according to one of claims 9 or 10, wherein said at least one clamping member comprises at least: - a pivoting clamping lever, and / or - a sliding clamping jaw, and / or - a clamping screw.

12. Test device (20) according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the fixing device (40) comprises reversible fixing means on the test machine (10).

13. Test device (20) according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the holding device (30) comprises: - two half-shells arranged to be fixed together and contain the timepiece organ (100), and / or - at least one measuring sensor such as an inclinometer, an accelerometer, an image sensor, a force sensor, and / or - an outer casing with a contact surface for the fixing device (40) which is substantially continuous, and / or curved, and / or ovoid, and / or spherical, and / or - a positioning device for positioning and / or holding the timepiece organ (100) on the holding device (30), for example by clamping or sandwiching - means for identifying a position of the timepiece organ (100) in the holding device (30).

14. Test device (20) according to one of claims 1 to 13, comprising the watch organ (100), formed by a watch movement, or a watch head, or a wristwatch.

15. Test machine (10) comprising a test device (20) according to one of claims 1 to 14 for carrying out a shock test, and / or a linear acceleration test, and / or a vibration test, and / or an angular acceleration test.

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