Building construction module for a modular building, modular dwelling unit and modular building

Abstract

The invention relates to a building construction module (100) for a modular building (200), in particular a brick building (200a), wherein the building construction module (100) comprises the following: a concrete floor slab (110) with suspension elements (111); and four pairs of opposite walls (120) made of bricks (121), which are arranged on the concrete floor slab (110) and extend vertically upwards from the concrete floor slab (110), wherein the building construction module (100) comprises a ring beam (130) which is arranged on an upper region (123) of the four walls (120) and connects the four walls (120), in particular continuously, and wherein the building construction module (100) with the four walls (120) and the ring beam (130) is designed to be liftable on the suspension elements (111).The concrete ring beam (130) is modularly constructed in several pieces from four interconnected and assembled parts, wherein the parts are designed as two longitudinal elements (131) and two transverse elements (132). Furthermore, the invention relates to a modular living unit (210, 220, 230) for a modular building (200) and a modular building (200).

Description

Technical area

[0001] The invention relates to a construction module for a modular building, in particular a brick building. Furthermore, the invention relates to a modular residential unit for a modular building. Furthermore, the invention relates to a modular building, in particular a brick building. State of the art

[0002] Attempts have already been made in the state of the art to enable the construction of a modular building by designing suitable modules.

[0003] For example, DE 197 36 670 A1 discloses a prefabricated house consisting of several slab-like prefabricated elements made of concrete or brick. In this prefabricated house, a structurally load-bearing prefabricated concrete element serves as the lowest floor slab, the upper surface of which, facing the interior of the house, is made of smooth, exposed concrete. Thus, the lowest floor slab is not a floor slab cast in situ in the conventional way, but rather a prefabricated element that can be prefabricated. In DE 197 36 670 A1, prefabricated wall or floor elements are used as modules. A roof element, also made of a concrete slab, is then placed directly onto the wall elements.

[0004] The teaching of DE 10 2008 023 304 A takes the modular concept a step further. DE 10 2008 023 304 A describes a modular container building constructed from container cells. The individual building modules here are individual container cells, which are designed as industrially prefabricated, circular sector-shaped modules. The modular building of DE 10 2008 023 304 A can be up to three stories high.

[0005] However, the solutions known from the state of the art either do not have sufficient modular functionality or do not have sufficient quality to enable the most modular prefabrication possible of a high-quality, especially multi-story, modular building. Description of the invention

[0006] The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a construction module for a modular building that eliminates the disadvantages of the prior art. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to provide a modular residential unit for a modular building and a modular building that also eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art.

[0007] These objects are achieved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Further possible embodiments of the invention are specified in particular in the dependent claims.

[0008] The solution according to the invention consists in particular in specifying a building construction module for a modular building, in particular a brick building.

[0009] The building construction module comprises a concrete floor slab with suspension elements. Furthermore, the building construction module comprises four pairs of opposing brick walls. The walls are arranged on the concrete floor slab and extend vertically upward from the concrete floor slab.

[0010] According to the invention, the building construction module has a ring beam. The ring beam is arranged in particular at an upper region of the four walls and connects the four walls to one another, in particular continuously. Furthermore, the building construction module, together with the four walls and the ring beam, is designed so that it can be lifted on the suspension elements. According to the invention, it is further provided that the concrete ring beam is designed as a modular, multi-piece structure, comprising in particular four interconnected and assembled parts. The parts are designed in particular as two longitudinal elements and two transverse elements. Longitudinal elements run along the longitudinal direction of the building construction module or the floor slab. Transverse elements run along the transverse direction of the building construction module or the floor slab.

[0011] The building construction module is designed in particular as a modular part, for example, of a modular living unit of a modular building. The building construction modules are designed as prefabricated modules. The building construction module is designed as a liftable module, in particular by means of the suspension elements. The suspension elements thus serve to lift the entire building construction module. Lifting is understood to mean a freely suspended or suspended lifting of the building construction module at least in the vertical direction. Lifting serves, for example, to load the building construction module. A lifting device used for lifting is generally a device for lifting and moving loads. The load is not fixedly guided, but preferably lifted freely suspended or suspended. In particular, the lifting device can be a crane.

[0012] For example, the concrete floor slab has at least one, preferably several, suspension areas on the suspension elements. The suspension element is exposed at the suspension areas in such a way that a lifting device can be attached to the suspension element.

[0013] Particularly preferably, at least two suspension elements for lifting the building construction module are arranged in the concrete floor slab. However, more suspension elements, for example four or six, can also be arranged. The suspension elements are preferably formed horizontally in the concrete floor slab, with the suspension elements preferably being cast into the concrete floor slab, in particular encased in concrete. Alternatively, they can also be inserted into the concrete floor slab.

[0014] Furthermore, the suspension elements are preferably arranged at least substantially entirely within the concrete floor slab. In particular, the suspension elements are completely enclosed by the material of the concrete floor slab, except for exposed areas at the suspension areas. These exposed areas can then, in particular, be a recess in the concrete floor slab.

[0015] The exposed areas of the suspension elements at the suspension areas can be attached to the lifting device, making it possible to lift the entire building construction module.

[0016] For example, each suspension element is assigned at least one suspension area. A suspension element can also be assigned multiple suspension areas, which are then located at spaced-apart locations. This makes it possible to create multiple anchor points for the hoist even with a single suspension element.

[0017] Particularly preferably, two suspension elements are arranged on opposite longitudinal sides of the concrete floor slab. Preferably, each of the two suspension elements has a plurality of, for example, three, suspension areas.

[0018] Preferably, at least one of the suspension elements is designed as a rod and preferably has a length of at least 50 cm, particularly preferably at least 200 cm. For example, the rod has a diameter between 5 cm and 12 cm, particularly preferably between 6 cm and 10 cm. Furthermore, the rod preferably extends parallel to one side, in particular the long side, of the concrete floor slab.

[0019] A modular building is, in particular, a building that is assembled at least substantially, preferably entirely, from prefabricated building elements, also known as modules. The building construction module is one of these modules. The modules are manufactured in a factory or production center and then transported to the construction site, where they are assembled into a finished building.

[0020] A brick building is defined as a building in which at least some of the walls, preferably all of the walls, are constructed of brick, i.e., of a brick bond or brickwork. Brickwork is free of pollutants and creates a good indoor climate. In particular, unlike other building materials such as wood, steel, or concrete, bricks have very good physical properties for heat storage. Therefore, a brick building can help regulate the indoor climate year-round while simultaneously saving energy. Brick buildings are generally considered to be of higher quality than those with, for example, container walls or concrete walls. Brickwork can therefore provide a suitable foundation for a high-quality building.

[0021] The concrete floor slab is preferably formed in one piece. Furthermore, the concrete floor slab is preferably made of reinforced concrete. The concrete floor slab extends in a horizontal plane. When installed, the concrete floor slab forms, in particular, the transition between the structure and the ground or between two floors of the structure. The concrete floor slab is preferably rectangular. In particular, the concrete floor slab has two long sides and two transverse sides.

[0022] Walls are generally vertical, flat structural elements that extend vertically upward from the concrete floor slab. The walls are much larger in length and height than in depth. These walls can be either perimeter walls or interior walls within the building structure module. They are preferably perimeter walls that extend along the sides of the building structure module. In the case of a rectangular concrete floor slab, two longitudinal perimeter walls extend along the long sides and two transverse perimeter walls extend along the transverse sides of the concrete floor slab.

[0023] The edge walls of the modular building can be either pre-designed interior walls or pre-designed exterior walls. Pre-designed exterior walls are those walls that separate the interior from the exterior of the finished modular building.

[0024] Preferably, two adjacent walls interlock in a brick bond. In other words, the corners of the building construction module are designed so that the brick layers of the two walls alternate to the outer edge. Thus, the two walls are interlocked. This allows for particularly high wall stability. If a rectangular concrete floor slab is used, all four corners are preferably formed with correspondingly interlocked walls. Interlocking the walls is particularly advantageous during transport of the building construction modules, as it prevents a wall from tipping over from the transport vehicle.

[0025] Because the ring beam connects the four walls, it can further improve the stability of the structure. The ring beam preferably runs along a perimeter formed by the four walls. Thus, the ring beam creates a particularly stable building construction module. This enables the construction of particularly stable, especially multi-story, modular buildings. For example, the modular building can be at least 3-7 stories high. The ring beam also has a stabilizing effect during transport of the building construction modules.

[0026] With four pairs of opposing walls, this means that the ring beam is designed as a rectangular ring with four sides. The ring beam is not plate-shaped. The ring beam has, in particular, two longitudinal elements and two transverse elements. Preferably, the longitudinal elements are arranged opposite one another, and the transverse elements are arranged opposite one another.

[0027] On the one hand, the ring beam ensures that the building construction module is particularly resilient and can withstand, for example, higher wind loads, earthquakes, or other external influences. On the other hand, the ring beam enables the construction of multi-story modular buildings.

[0028] The building construction module is preferably not provided on site, but in a specially designed factory. In such a factory, assembly line production is particularly well implemented and protected from the elements. This allows one factory to supply multiple construction sites. Prefabricated building construction modules are used, comprising at least the concrete floor slab, the four walls, and the ring beam. The ring beam is therefore not formed on site during construction of the modular building, but rather in advance during the construction of the building construction module. Preferably, the building construction modules are also manufactured in the factory, particularly fully equipped, and then loaded and transported to the place of use. Transport can be by truck. The suspension elements of the building construction modules are used for loading.

[0029] According to an advantageous development of the invention, the ring beam is made of concrete, in particular of reinforced concrete.

[0030] This allows the ring beam to impart particularly high stability to the structural module. Due to its reinforced concrete construction, the ring beam is also particularly well-suited to making the structure more resistant to lateral loads.

[0031] In an advantageous development of the invention, the ring beam has a width between 15 and 50 cm. The width is a dimension in the direction of the wall width of the walls on which the ring beam is arranged.

[0032] Preferably, the width of the ring beam corresponds at least substantially to the width of the wall arranged beneath the ring beam. Particularly preferably, the ring beam has at least substantially a width of 17.5 or 30.5 cm.

[0033] Furthermore, the ring beam preferably has different widths on different sides. Preferably, the width on at least one side, in particular a predestined outer side, is wider than the widths on the other sides. This means that the individual elements, i.e., longitudinal elements and transverse elements, have different widths from one another.

[0034] For example, the ring beam can have a width of 30.5 cm on the wide side and a width of 17.5 cm on the narrower sides.

[0035] In an advantageous further development of the building construction module, the ring beam is designed to be rectangular all around, in particular rectangular and closed all around.

[0036] The ring beam thus has two opposite longitudinal elements and two opposite transverse elements, which are connected to each other at their ends in such a way that a rectangular ring beam is formed.

[0037] According to an advantageous development of the invention, an insulating element is arranged on the ring beam, wherein the insulating element preferably has a width of at least 10 cm, particularly preferably at least 12 cm.

[0038] The insulating element is preferably arranged on one side, for example, on the longitudinal element or the transverse element, in the width direction. The insulating element thus extends flatly parallel to the corresponding side or the corresponding longitudinal element or transverse element. The insulating element is preferably made of polystyrene, in particular expanded polystyrene (EPS).

[0039] In an advantageous development of the invention, the concrete floor slab is trough-shaped with a vertically upwardly projecting edge region. The edge region is preferably located at a lower portion of the four walls. Furthermore, the edge region preferably connects the four walls continuously.

[0040] The edge area preferably has a height of 20 cm - 30 cm, particularly preferably a height of about 25 cm.

[0041] The edge area increases the stability of the concrete floor slab, allowing the concrete floor slab to be thinner overall. For example, the concrete floor slab can be reduced to a thickness of less than 25 cm, preferably less than 20 cm, and particularly preferably to approximately 16 cm. In a rectangular concrete floor slab, the edge area consists of four edge area elements. For example, the edge area consists of two longitudinal edge area elements and two transverse edge area elements. The edge area can thus have a similar structure to the ring beam. In principle, the edge area could also be understood as the lower ring beam.

[0042] The edge area is formed integrally with the rest of the concrete floor slab. For example, the concrete floor slab is cast together with the edge area.

[0043] The edge region can have different widths. For example, the edge region has a width between 15 cm and 35 cm. Particularly preferably, the edge region has different widths on different sides. Preferably, the width on at least one side, in particular a predestined outer side, is wider than the widths on the other sides.

[0044] For example, the border area can have a width of 30.5 cm on the wide sides and a width of 17.5 cm on the narrow sides.

[0045] Furthermore, an insulating element can be arranged at the edge region. The insulating element can preferably have a width of at least 10 cm, particularly preferably at least 12 cm. The same statements made regarding the insulating element on the ring beam apply accordingly to the insulating element.

[0046] Regardless, the widths of the ring beam and the widths of the edge area are at least essentially symmetrical. This means that the ring beam and the edge area have at least essentially the same width on the same sides.

[0047] Regardless, the concrete floor slab is preferably reinforced concrete. The concrete used for the concrete floor slab is particularly preferably waterproof concrete. For example, waterproof concrete is specifically waterproof concrete, which is referred to as "concrete with high water penetration resistance" according to DIN 1045-2:2008-08 and DIN EN 206 (2017-01). This effectively protects the structural module from water ingress. The structural module also forms a trough. In the event of water damage, the damage is thus limited to the individual structural module.

[0048] Therefore, reinforcements are preferably incorporated into the concrete floor slab. Generally, reinforcements provide greater load-bearing capacity. Near the suspension elements, they also ensure good force distribution. The steel used can be high-quality steel, particularly stainless steel, preferably grade S533.

[0049] In an advantageous development of the invention, the edge region and the ring beam limit the walls vertically.

[0050] This means that the walls are enclosed vertically by the perimeter and the ring beam. The perimeter is located below the walls, and the ring beam is above them. The walls are the brick walls.

[0051] Particularly preferably, the edge area and the ring beam have at least substantially the same height. The height is the vertical direction orthogonal to the concrete floor slab. For example, the height of the edge area and / or the ring beam is 20 cm - 30 cm. At least substantially the same height is defined as a deviation of less than 10%.

[0052] According to the invention, the concrete ring beam is constructed in several pieces.

[0053] This means that the concrete ring beam is not constructed as a single piece, but rather as several interconnected and assembled parts. The concrete ring beam itself is therefore modular in design or assembly. Specifically, the concrete ring beam is preferably constructed from four main elements or individual elements. These individual elements are preferably two longitudinal elements and preferably two transverse elements.

[0054] Regardless of this, the individual elements are connected at their ends, i.e., the corners. For example, the individual elements are connected at the corners in a form-fitting manner. The individual elements therefore have connecting areas at their ends that are complementary to one another. For example, recesses can be formed in the longitudinal elements. The transverse elements then preferably have recesses formed complementary to these. Furthermore, connecting elements can preferably be formed in the recesses.

[0055] Preferably, protruding elements, such as spikes, and / or receiving elements, such as sheathing tubes, can be formed on the recesses. The protruding elements preferably extend vertically. Thus, the protruding elements extend perpendicularly from the respective individual element.

[0056] In a particularly preferred embodiment, protruding elements, preferably spikes, are formed on the longitudinal elements or the recesses in the longitudinal elements. Corresponding receiving elements, preferably cladding tubes, are arranged on the transverse elements or their recesses. This allows the transverse elements to be placed on the longitudinal elements. Furthermore, it is possible to pour concrete into the receiving elements, in this case cladding tubes, in order to firmly connect the longitudinal elements and the transverse elements. The transverse elements are then placed on the longitudinal elements and concrete is poured from above into the receiving elements of the transverse elements. The receiving elements then extend completely through the transverse elements in the vertical direction.

[0057] The connection points of the individual elements are particularly preferably connected to each other in a form-fitting, force-fitting and material-fitting manner.

[0058] The advantage of individual elements lies in their ease of prefabrication. This further simplifies the modular production of building construction modules. For example, the individual elements are cast separately from concrete, particularly reinforced concrete.

[0059] The described multi-piece ring beam, in particular a concrete ring beam, constitutes a separate inventive subject matter. This means that it is based on an inventive concept independent of the building construction module. According to a first aspect, the multi-piece ring beam is therefore a multi-piece ring beam for a building construction module, characterized in that the ring beam is formed from several prefabricated individual elements, in particular transverse elements and longitudinal elements.

[0060] All details previously described for the ring beam are also applicable to the multi-piece ring beam as a separate object. Specifically, based on a concrete ring beam, this means that according to a second aspect, a multi-piece ring beam according to aspect 1 is specified, which is characterized in that the multi-piece ring beam is designed as a concrete ring beam.

[0061] This can be continued accordingly for the previously described features of the ring beam, which can basically stand alone.

[0062] Furthermore, the object is achieved by means of a modular residential unit for a modular building comprising at least one, preferably a plurality of, in particular liftable, structural modules. The liftable structural modules can be one of the previously described structural modules. However, they do not have to be one of the previously described structural modules, so that an independent inventive subject matter results in that the modular residential unit has a water circuit for supplying hot water, wherein the hot water circuit is encapsulated and designed to contain less than 3 liters of water.

[0063] The modular residential unit thus consists of at least one, preferably a plurality of, structural modules. The modular residential unit preferably corresponds to an apartment or a comparable combination of preferably several rooms, which is preferably self-contained and structurally separate from other modular residential units of the modular building.

[0064] An encapsulated hot water circuit is one in which the hot water circulates in a closed circuit with a heating device, in particular a single one, located within the circuit. The hot water thus remains within the modular living unit. The circuit is only refilled with cold water. In contrast, a non-encapsulated hot water circuit would continuously supply fresh water and drain heated water away through pipes.

[0065] The hot water circuit is designed to contain a maximum of 3 liters of water and therefore does not carry more than 3 liters. In other words, the building construction modules that form the modular living unit are equipped with hot water pipes for a hot water circuit with a total volume of less than or equal to 3 liters.

[0066] The building construction modules are also designed directly in the factory with the pipes for the hot water circuit.

[0067] The advantage of encapsulating the hot water circuits is that if Legionella bacteria are present in one residential unit, the other residential units in the modular building are not affected. This means that the modular building remains largely habitable, even if a Legionella infection occurs in one of the building's residential units.

[0068] The limitation of the upper limit of hot water to 3 liters also has the advantage that circulation pipes can be dispensed with in a circuit of this size.

[0069] Particularly preferably, at least one of the building construction modules is designed as a kitchen or has a kitchen. Preferably, all electrical connections between the modular living unit and the rest of the modular building are centrally located on the building construction module designed as a kitchen or having the kitchen.

[0070] This makes connecting the modular living units much easier.

[0071] In an advantageous further development, all electrical connections are located on a common wall, in particular the edge wall and the predestined interior wall, of the building construction module designed as a kitchen or containing the kitchen. This allows the above advantages to be further enhanced.

[0072] In other words, there is no electrical connection between the modular housing unit and the rest of the modular building, i.e. the other modular housing units, outside the corresponding building construction module or outside the corresponding common wall.

[0073] Furthermore, at least one of the building construction modules is preferably designed as a bathroom or has a bathroom. All water connections of the modular living unit to the modular building are preferably arranged centrally on the building construction module designed as a bathroom or having the bathroom.

[0074] This offers the same advantage as centralized electrical connections in the kitchen. This significantly simplifies and accelerates the assembly and erection of the modular building. The risk of errors during assembly is also significantly reduced, as all electrical and water connections are centrally located in one common location.

[0075] In an advantageous further development, all water connections are located on a common wall, in particular the edge wall and the predestined interior wall, of the building construction module designed as a bathroom or containing the bathroom. Here, too, the above advantages can be further enhanced.

[0076] In a particularly preferred example, the modular living unit thus has one wall on which all electrical connections are arranged and a preferably different wall on which all water connections are arranged.

[0077] Particular advantages can also be achieved if these walls are later constructed adjacent to cavities in the modular building. Further advantages also arise if such walls with water connections are adjacent to common cavities and / or if such walls with electrical connections are adjacent to common cavities.

[0078] Furthermore, the task is solved by means of a modular building, in particular a brick building.

[0079] The modular building preferably has at least two floors. More preferably, the modular building has 3 to 7 floors. Several building construction modules, in particular the building construction modules described above, and / or several modular residential units, in particular the modular residential units described above, are arranged on a common floor. However, in principle, these can also be other building construction modules or other modular residential units, so that, in a broad sense, several arbitrary building construction modules or several arbitrary modular residential units are arranged on a common floor. At least some of the several building construction modules and / or some of the several modular residential units are arranged at a distance a of at least 10 cm, preferably at least 30 cm, more preferably approximately 40 cm, from one another.

[0080] For the construction of multi-story buildings, the building construction modules are designed to be stackable, whereby the vertical connection between the building construction modules can be made, for example, via mandrels and ducts and / or via mortar pads.

[0081] Regardless of the specific design of the building construction modules or modular residential units, which – as already described – can take on any of the previously described configurations, further advantages arise here, based on an independent inventive idea. For example, the spacing between the building construction modules or modular residential units within the modular building enables simple and reliable installation and connection of water and electrical connections. In simple terms, the spacing between the building construction modules creates a shaft or cavity within the modular building. The shaft increases accessibility to the connections.

[0082] Preferably, the wall on which all electrical connections of a building construction module designed as a kitchen or having a kitchen are formed, and / or the wall on which all water connections of a building construction module designed as a bathroom or having a bathroom are formed, are arranged towards the cavity. This means that the corresponding walls are arranged adjacent to the cavity.

[0083] This provides access to the electrical connections and water connections. Short description of the drawings

[0084] The various and exemplary features described above can be combined with one another according to the invention, provided this is technically reasonable and suitable. Further features, advantages, and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments and from the figures.

[0085] The figures used to explain the embodiments show: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a modular building; Fig. 2 the Fig. 1 shown modular buildings with marked construction modules Fig. 3 a schematic view of a concrete floor slab, such as in the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 shown modular building; Fig. 4 a construction module for a modular building according to the present invention, as used in the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 shown modular building; Fig. 5 a schematic representation of a concrete ring beam as used in the Fig. 4 shown construction module can be used; Fig. 6 a further schematic representation of the Fig. 5 shown concrete ring beam; Ways to implement the invention

[0086] In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2A modular building 200 is shown. In particular, the modular building 200 is a brick building 200a. Fig. 1 shows a top view, so that one floor, in particular the ground floor, of the modular building 200 can be seen. The modular building 200 has a modular staircase 300 that connects the ground floor with the other floors. For better clarity, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 Different reference numbers are used to describe different aspects. Fig. 2 in particular the individual building construction modules 100 are shown.

[0087] From the modular staircase 300, three residential units 210, 220, and 230 are each accessible via their own apartment door 301. However, this is only an example; more or fewer residential units can be arranged on the ground floor.

[0088] The first residential unit 210 has a kitchen-living room 211, a bedroom 212, and a bathroom 213. The first residential unit 210 is therefore a 2-room apartment. The first residential unit 210, as shown in Fig. 2 recognizable, preferably from two individual construction modules 100a, 100b, wherein a first construction module 100a forms the kitchen-living room 211 and a second construction module 100b forms the bedroom 212 and the bathroom 213. The two construction modules 100a, 100b are preferably of the same size.

[0089] A corridor 214 is provided between bathroom 213 and bedroom 212 to better separate the rooms.

[0090] The second residential unit 220 has a living room 221, two bedrooms 222, a bathroom 223, three balconies 225, and a kitchen 226. The second residential unit 220 is therefore designed as a 3-room apartment. The second residential unit 220, as shown in Fig. 2 recognizable, for example, from three structural modules 100c, 100d, and 100e. The kitchen 226 and a first bedroom 227 are formed in a first structural module 100e. The living room 221 is formed in a second structural module 100d, and the second bedroom 222 and the bathroom 223 are formed in a third structural module 100c. Here, too, the bedroom 222 and the bathroom 223 can be connected by a hallway 224.

[0091] The third residential unit 230 has a living room 231, three bedrooms 232, two bathrooms 233, two balconies 235, and a kitchen 236. The third residential unit 230 is thus designed as a 4-room apartment with two bathrooms 233.

[0092] The third residential unit 230 consists, for example, of four structural modules 100f, 110g, 100h, and 100i. A first structural module 100g contains a bathroom 233 and a bedroom 232. A second structural module 100h contains another bathroom 233 and another bedroom 232. The living room 231 is formed in another structural module 100i, and the kitchen 236 and another bedroom 232 are formed in another structural module 100f.

[0093] In summary, 100 residential units of different sizes can be constructed by connecting several building construction modules. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2However, the division shown here is not restrictive, but should be understood as an example. Depending on the application, several construction modules can be used, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 be combined into a single unit. For example, variable unit sizes, particularly residential units ranging from 44 m² to 88 m², are conceivable.

[0094] Each of the individual modules, i.e. the individual building construction modules 100a-i and the building construction module 100j designed as a stairwell, is prefabricated in a factory and can then be transported to the construction site by commercial vehicle. Even if the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 Although the modular building 200 shown is a residential building, the modular construction method can also be applied to hotels, hospitals, retirement homes, nursing homes, office buildings, homeless shelters or accommodation for asylum seekers and migrants.

[0095] Preferably, the individual building construction modules 100 are transported to the construction site at least substantially fully equipped. This means that they are pre-equipped in a factory and then loaded and transported to the place of use. Applied to a building construction module 100a, 100e, 100f with a kitchen, this means that all necessary wiring and preferably also the kitchen itself are installed in the building construction module 100a, 100e, 100f prior to transport. Accordingly, for a bathroom or a building construction module 100b, 100c, 100g, 100h including a bathroom, the bathroom is fully equipped, for example, with a bathtub, a shower, a sink, a toilet, and a bidet. Furthermore, it would be conceivable for the building construction modules 100 to be transported already equipped with appropriate furniture.

[0096] The Fig. 1The residential units 210, 220, and 230 shown each have their own hot water circuit (not shown) for hot water supply. This separate hot water circuit is designed to be encapsulated, so that the hot water circuits of the individual modular residential units 210, 220, and 230 are not connected to each other. Furthermore, the individual hot water circuits each carry less than 3 liters of water.

[0097] As in Fig. 2 As can be seen, individual building construction modules 100 are arranged at a distance a from each other. In other words, a cavity or shaft is formed between these building construction modules 100. The distance a can be, for example, 40 cm.

[0098] For example, a corresponding distance a is formed between the structural module 100b and 100c, between the structural module 100a and 100d, between the structural module 100j and 100e, between the structural module 100i and 100f, and between the structural module 100h and 100g. Likewise, a corresponding distance a is formed between the structural module 100f and 100e, for example.

[0099] Even if this is Fig. 1 and 2As cannot be seen, for example, all electrical connections of the kitchen 236 and all electrical connections of the kitchen 226 are formed towards the cavity formed by the distance a between the two structural modules 100f and 100e. The kitchen 236 preferably has all electrical connections of the entire third modular living unit 230. Furthermore, all electrical connections are preferably formed on a common wall 120a of the kitchen 236 or of the associated structural module 100f. The wall 120a of the structural module 100f is therefore the wall 120a adjacent to the cavity.

[0100] This also applies to the kitchen 226 of the second modular living unit 220 in the building construction module 100e and the kitchen 211 in the building construction module 100a of the first modular living unit 210. Furthermore, it is further advantageous that the two walls 120a and 120b, in which all electrical connections of the individual living units 220 and 230 are arranged, are formed adjacent to one another.

[0101] Irrespective of this, preferably all water connections of the individual modular living units 210, 220, and 230 are formed centrally together on one or the building construction module 100b, 100c, 100g, 100h designed as a bathroom. With respect to the first modular living unit 210, this means that all water connections of the modular living unit 210 are arranged on a wall 120c of the bathroom 213. In particular, this wall 120c is the wall 120c adjacent to the distance a. The same applies to the second modular living unit 220, and there to the bathroom 223. Here, too, the bathroom 223 and the bathroom 213 are adjacent to one another and spaced apart by the distance a. Thus, a common cavity can again be used as a supply shaft. This can also be applied accordingly to the two bathrooms 233 of the third modular living unit 230.

[0102] As in Fig. 2As can be seen, passages are arranged between the individual building construction modules 100. For example, a passage 237 is arranged between the building construction module 100e and the building construction module 100f, spanning the distance a.

[0103] Fig. 3 shows a view, more precisely a top view, of a concrete floor slab 110, as it serves as the basis of each of the Fig. 1 shown building construction modules 100 can be used.

[0104] The concrete floor slab 110 has a rectangular base. Accordingly, the concrete floor slab 110 has four sides, with the opposite sides being of equal length and parallel to each other. Fig. 3 two opposite sides are marked with the reference number 115, which are the long sides 115 of the concrete floor slab 110.

[0105] Suspension elements 111 are formed on the two long sides 115. The suspension elements 111 are designed in particular as rods and run parallel to the long sides 115. In Fig. 3 A suspension element 111 is shown on each of the long sides 115, although several suspension elements 111 would also be conceivable.

[0106] The concrete floor slab 110 has suspension areas 113 for each suspension element 111, whereby for the sake of simplicity only one of the suspension areas 113 is shown with reference numerals. Although in the Fig. 3 For each of the suspension elements 111, exactly three suspension areas 113 are shown, more or fewer suspension areas 113 can also be assigned to a suspension element 111.

[0107] The suspension areas 113 are areas where the corresponding suspension element 111 is exposed, allowing a lifting device to be attached to the suspension element 111. This allows the concrete floor slab 110 to be lifted safely. For example, the suspension areas 113 are recesses.

[0108] As also in Fig. 3 As can be seen, the concrete floor slab 110 has a base 114 which is at least substantially plate-shaped. Furthermore, the concrete floor slab 110 has an edge region 112 on its sides. The edge region 112 extends vertically upwards from the base 114 on all sides, i.e., on the long sides 115 and the transverse sides, which is particularly evident in Fig. 4can be clearly seen. Furthermore, the edge region 112 extends parallel to the sides, i.e., the longitudinal sides 115 and transverse sides, of the concrete floor slab 110, so that the concrete floor slab 110 is at least substantially trough-shaped. The edge region 112 surrounds a trough-shaped interior of the concrete floor slab 110. This is also particularly evident in Fig. 4 particularly clearly visible.

[0109] Fig. 4 shows a building construction module 100, which in addition to the concrete floor slab 110 already has walls 120. The Fig. 4The building construction module 100 shown is shown in an interior view, so that only three of the four walls 120 arranged in pairs opposite one another are visible. The walls 120 are formed from bricks 121 and extend vertically upward from the concrete floor slab 110. In particular, the walls 120 are arranged on the edge region 112 of the concrete floor slab 110. The edge region 112 is thus arranged at a lower region 124 of the four walls 120 and continuously connects the four walls 120.

[0110] At an upper region 123 of the four walls 120, a ring beam 130 is arranged, which connects the four walls 120.

[0111] The Fig. 4 The walls 120 shown are thus vertically limited by the edge region 112 and the ring beam 130.

[0112] A passage 122 is formed in the left wall 120. The passage 122 can, in principle, be a part of a passage within a residential unit, for example, adjacent to a distance a.

[0113] The Fig. 4 The construction module 100 shown is an intermediate product. While the construction module 100 could be transported to a construction site in prefabricated form as shown, the construction module 100 is preferably further developed, particularly fully assembled, within a factory. Thus, as already described above, it can be transported to the construction site as a fully or at least essentially fully equipped construction module 100.

[0114] In Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are detailed views of the Fig. 4 used ring beam 130. Fig. 5 a top view of the ring beam 130 and Fig. 6shows a compressed side view of a long side of the ring beam 130.

[0115] The Fig. 5 The ring beam 130 shown is constructed in several pieces. The ring beam 130 is formed from two longitudinal elements 131 and two transverse elements 132. The longitudinal elements 131 and transverse elements 132 are arranged opposite each other in pairs. At the ends, the longitudinal elements 131 and the transverse elements 132 are connected to each other, forming a quadrangular, in particular rectangular, ring.

[0116] In this case, Fig. 6 to see more precisely how the individual elements, i.e. longitudinal elements 131 and transverse elements 132, are connected to each other. The longitudinal element 131 has a recess 131a at each of its end regions. The transverse elements 132 have complementary recesses, so that, as in Fig. 6can be seen, onto which longitudinal elements 131 can be placed. For a more secure connection, the longitudinal element 131 has protruding elements 134, for example spikes, which extend upwards from the longitudinal element 131. As shown in Fig. 6 shown, these are preferably formed at the recess 131a.

[0117] The transverse elements 132 have complementary receiving elements 133, preferably sheathing tubes. The receiving elements 133 can then be placed on the protruding elements 134. An advantage of using continuous tubes, such as sheathing tubes, as receiving elements 133 is that concrete can be poured into the receiving element 133 or the sheathing tube from above. As a result, the protruding element 134 arranged in the receiving element 133 is encased and held in place by concrete.

[0118] Particularly preferably, the spikes 134 extend not only vertically upwards from the longitudinal element 131, but also extend horizontally into the longitudinal element 131.

[0119] The Fig. 5 The ring beam 130 shown has, by way of example, two receiving elements 133 and two protruding elements 134 in its connecting regions. Regardless of their number, the protruding elements 134 are preferably aligned parallel to the direction of extension of the longitudinal element 132 at one end of the longitudinal element 132 and perpendicular to the direction of extension of the longitudinal element 132 at the other end of the longitudinal element 132.

[0120] The Fig. 5The ring beam 130 shown is thus manufactured by placing the transverse elements 132 onto the longitudinal elements 131, whereby a positive connection is achieved by the projecting elements 134 and the receiving elements 133. Pouring concrete then provides an additional material connection between the elements 133 and 134.

[0121] In Fig. 5 The individual elements, i.e., longitudinal elements 131 and transverse elements 132, are shown as having the same width. The width of the longitudinal elements 131 is designated b1, and the width of the transverse elements 132 is designated b2.

[0122] Preferably, however, the individual elements are not of equal width. For example, at least one of the individual elements, in particular a transverse element 132 and / or a longitudinal element 131, can have a greater width than the other individual elements. Particularly preferably, the individual elements that form an outer wall of the modular building 200 in the installed state of the building construction module 100 have a greater width than those that form interior walls.

[0123] Furthermore, for example, such individual elements with a larger width have a width between 28 cm and 32 cm, preferably approximately 30.5 cm. Furthermore, for example, such individual elements that are designed as narrower individual elements have a width between 15 cm and 20 cm, preferably approximately 17.5 cm. The width is a dimension in the direction of the wall thickness of the walls 120.

[0124] Furthermore, the ring beam 130 can have at least one, preferably several, insulating elements 135. The insulating elements 135 are preferably arranged on the outside in a width direction on the individual elements. Fig. 5 A single exemplary insulating element 135 is formed on the lower transverse element 132. However, this is to be understood merely as an example. For example, corresponding insulating elements 135 can be arranged on several, in particular all or at least three, of the individual elements. The insulating elements 135 preferably have a width b3 of 8 cm - 15 cm, preferably 12 cm.

[0125] Particularly preferably, such individual elements are formed with a corresponding insulating element 135, which, in the installed state of the building construction module 100, represent the outer wall of the modular building 200 and / or the outer wall of a modular residential unit 210, 220, 230 formed from several building construction modules 100. In other words, such individual elements that are formed within a modular residential unit 210, 220, 230 are formed without an insulating element 135.

[0126] The Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 The ring beam 130 shown is preferably made of concrete, in particular reinforced concrete.

[0127] In general, and also independently of the embodiments shown in the figures, the connection between the walls 120 and the ring beam 130 can be made by positive locking, frictional locking, and / or material bonding. Preferably, the connection is made by material bonding, at least in some areas. Particularly preferably, the connection can be made by means of a mortar layer, in particular by means of mortar pads, or by means of elastomer bearings.

[0128] It should be noted that the features of the invention described with reference to individual embodiments or variants, such as the type and design of the individual components as well as their precise dimensions and spatial arrangement, may also be present in other embodiments, unless otherwise stated or technically prohibited. Furthermore, such features of individual embodiments described in combination do not necessarily have to be implemented in a given embodiment. Reference symbol

[0129] 100 (aj)Building construction module 110Concrete floor slab 111Suspension elements 112Edge area 113Suspension areas 114Floor 115Long sides 120 (a, b, c)Wall(s) 121Brick 123Upper area (of wall 120) 124Lower area (of wall 120) 130Ring beam 131Longitudinal elements 131aRecess 132Transverse elements 132aRecess 133Receiving element / duct 134Protruding element / mandrel 135Insulating elements 140Soundproofing element 141Fastening element / angle 142Longitudinal element 143Cross element 144Lifting device 200 modular building 200a brick building 210 first modular housing unit 211 kitchen-living room 212 bedroom 213 bathroom 214 hallway 220 second modular housing unit 221 living room 222 bedroom 223 bathroom 224 hallway 225 balcony 226 kitchen 227 bedroom 230 third modular housing unit 231 living room 232 bedroom 233 bathroom 235 balcony 236 kitchen 237 passageway (inside the housing unit) 300 modular staircase 301 apartment doors aDistance

Claims

1. A construction module (100) for a modular building (200), in particular a brick building (200a), the construction module (100) comprising: a concrete floor slab (110) with suspension elements (111); and four pairs of opposing walls (120) made of bricks (121) arranged on the concrete floor slab (110) and extending vertically upwards from the concrete floor slab (110), characterized in that the building construction module (100) has a ring beam (130) which is arranged on an upper region (123) of the four walls (120) and connects the four walls (120), in particular continuously, the building construction module (100) with the four walls (120) and the ring beam (130) is designed to be liftable on the suspension elements (111), and wherein the concrete ring beam (130) is designed in a modular, multi-piece manner from four parts which are connected and assembled to one another, the parts being designed as two longitudinal elements (131) and two transverse elements (132).

2. Building construction module (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the ring beam (130) is designed to be rectangular all around, in particular rectangularly closed all around.

3. Building construction module (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the longitudinal elements (131) and the transverse elements (132) are connected to each other at their ends.

4. Building construction module (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that the longitudinal elements (131) and the transverse elements (132) have connecting regions at the ends which are complementary to one another, so that the longitudinal elements (131) and the transverse elements (132) are connected in a form-fitting manner.

5. Building construction module (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that the longitudinal elements (131) have recesses (131a) and the transverse elements (132) have recesses (132a) formed complementary thereto, wherein connecting elements are formed on the recesses (131a, 132a).

6. Building construction module (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that protruding elements (134), in particular mandrels, and / or receiving elements (133), in particular cladding tubes, are formed on the recesses (131a, 132a).

7. Building construction module (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that the receiving elements (133) are filled with concrete after receiving the projecting elements (134).

8. Building construction module (100) according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the ring beam (130) has different widths on different sides.

9. Building construction module (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ring beam (130) is made of concrete, in particular reinforced concrete.

10. Building construction module (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ring beam (130) has a width (b1, b2) between 15 cm and 50 cm.

11. Building construction module (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an insulating element (135) is arranged on the ring beam (130), wherein the insulating element (135) preferably has a width (b3) of at least 10 cm, particularly preferably at least 12 cm.

12. Building construction module (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the concrete floor slab (110) is trough-shaped with a vertically upwardly projecting edge region (112), wherein the edge region (112) is arranged at a lower region (124) of the four walls (120) and continuously connects the four walls (120).

13. Building construction module (100) according to claim 12, characterized in that the edge area (112) and the ring beam (130) vertically limit the walls (120).

14. Modular living unit (210, 220, 230) for a modular building (200) comprising at least one, preferably a plurality of, liftable building construction modules (100) according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the modular living unit (210, 220, 230) has a hot water circuit for supplying hot water, wherein the hot water circuit is encapsulated and is designed to comprise less than 31 water.

15. Modular building (200), in particular a brick building (200a), which preferably has at least three floors, wherein a plurality of building construction modules (100), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 13, and / or a plurality of modular residential units (210, 220, 230) according to claim 14, are arranged in a common floor, wherein at least some of the plurality of building construction modules (100) and / or the plurality of modular residential units (210, 220, 230) are arranged at a distance a of at least 10 cm, preferably at least 30 cm, particularly preferably about 40 cm, from one another.

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