Measurement method for a winding machine, and winding machine for carrying out such a measurement method
Patent Information
- Application Number
- EP2023818319
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2022-12-08
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing winding machine measuring methods are inefficient in determining the weight of packages during the winding process, often requiring additional steps and devices, and are prone to errors due to centrifugal forces.
A measuring method that calculates the weight of packages on a winding machine using the mass moment of inertia applied to the spindle, incorporating intermediate braking to detect braking force, and utilizing a computing unit to subtract known mass moments of inertia to determine the package weight without stopping the spindle, thus minimizing additional process steps and energy consumption.
Enables precise and cost-effective weight determination of wound material during the wrapping process, reducing the influence of centrifugal forces and eliminating the need for extra work steps or devices, while maintaining high throughput and flexibility in the winding machine design.
Smart Images
Figure 1.1
Abstract
Description
[0001] Measuring method for a winding machine and winding machine for carrying out such a measuring method
[0002] State of the art
[0003] The invention relates to a measuring method for a winding machine, a measuring device for carrying out such a measuring method and a winding machine with such a measuring device.
[0004] A measuring method has already been proposed for a winding machine for winding a material, in particular a fibrous material, which has at least one spindle, at least one winding surface and a measuring device, wherein the spindle, in at least one operating state, drives the at least one winding surface in rotation about a longitudinal axis of the spindle in order to wind the material onto the winding surface to form a package, in particular a fiber package, wherein in at least one method step a weight of the package on the winding surface is detected by means of the measuring device.
[0005] From DE 10 2016 005 597 A1, DE 10 2012 023 557 A1 and DE 10 2020 119 846 A1, for example, measuring methods for a winding machine for winding a material, which has at least one spindle, at least one winding surface and a measuring device, wherein the spindle in at least one operating state drives the at least one winding surface rotating about a longitudinal axis of the spindle in order to wind the material onto the winding surface into a package, wherein in at least one method step at least one parameter of the package on the winding surface is detected by means of the measuring device, wherein the at least one parameter of the package on the winding surface is calculated by means of a mass moment of inertia.
[0006] The object of the invention is, in particular, to provide a generic measuring method and a generic winding machine with improved properties regarding resource utilization and process quality. This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1 and claim 9, while advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.
[0007] Advantages of the invention
[0008] The invention is based on a measuring method for a winding machine for winding a material, in particular a fibrous material, which has at least one spindle, at least one winding surface and a measuring device, wherein the spindle, in at least one operating state, drives the at least one winding surface in rotation about a longitudinal axis of the spindle in order to wind the material onto the winding surface to form a package, in particular a fiber package, wherein in at least one method step at least one parameter of the package on the winding surface is detected by means of the measuring device, wherein the at least one parameter of the package on the winding surface is calculated by means of a mass moment of inertia, in particular applied to the spindle.
[0009] It is proposed that in the method step, the weight of the package on the winding surface is calculated by means of the measuring device using the mass moment of inertia applied to the spindle, wherein in a method step, an intermediate braking is carried out to detect an intermediate braking force, wherein the weight of the package is calculated by means of the measuring device using the intermediate braking force, wherein the spindle, in particular a sleeve, does not come to a standstill during the intermediate braking. Furthermore, at least one sleeve, in particular the one already mentioned, can be provided, which is arranged on the spindle and which serves to hold the material. The sleeve is in particular driven directly by the spindle. The winding surface is preferably formed by an outer surface of the spindle or an outer surface of the sleeve. The winding machine preferably has at least one drive unit for accelerating the spindle.The drive unit preferably has at least one electric motor. Furthermore, the drive unit can also have a gear unit. The drive unit, in particular the electric motor, is preferably provided to drive the at least one spindle in rotation. The drive unit, in particular the electric motor, is preferably provided to increase or decrease an angular velocity, in particular a rotational speed, of the spindle when accelerating the spindle. The acceleration of the spindle is in particular an angular acceleration, and therefore in particular a change in the angular velocity, of the spindle about the rotational axis of the spindle. The winding machine preferably has at least one control and / or regulating unit.The control and / or regulating unit is preferably provided at least to control a torque of the drive unit, in particular of the electric motor of the drive unit, such that the spindle is set to a required angular velocity, in particular rotational speed, by means of an angular acceleration of the electric motor. Preferably, the control and / or regulating unit is provided during operation to regulate an angular velocity of the spindle to a defined value by means of the drive unit. A “control and / or regulating unit” should be understood in particular to mean a unit with at least one control electronics unit. Alternatively or additionally, it would also be conceivable for the control and / or regulating unit to be part of a computing unit. “Control electronics” should be understood in particular to mean a unit with a processor unit and with a memory unit as well as with an operating program stored in the memory unit.Alternatively, the control and / or regulating unit can also comprise merely a logic circuit. The term “intended” should be understood in particular to mean specially programmed, designed and / or equipped. The fact that an object is intended for a specific function should be understood in particular that the object fulfills and / or executes this specific function in at least one application and / or operating state. Preferably, the electric motor of the drive unit is connected to the spindle in such a way that an angular velocity of the electric motor corresponds to the angular velocity of the spindle and the angular acceleration of the electric motor corresponds to the angular acceleration of the spindle. Alternatively, it would be conceivable for the drive unit to have a gear, in particular a belt drive, which effects a transmission between the electric motor and the spindle.Preferably, the at least one sleeve, if present, has the same angular velocity and the same angular acceleration as the spindle. The spindle preferably experiences its angular acceleration from the torque of the electric motor, which acts on the spindle from a drive shaft of the electric motor. The sleeve, if present, preferably experiences its angular acceleration from a torque of the spindle, which acts from the spindle on the sleeve. Preferably, the control unit is configured such that in one method step the angular velocity of the sleeve, the spindle and / or the electric motor is detected. In one method step, the control unit preferably controls the electric motor such that the electric motor sets a required angular velocity on the spindle using its torque.
[0010] The at least one parameter is in particular assigned to the package on the winding surface and in particular at least partially defines the package on the winding surface. Preferably, the at least one parameter provides information about the condition of the package. The parameter can, for example, be formed by a weight of the package on the winding surface. Alternatively or additionally, it would also be conceivable for the at least one parameter to be formed, for example, by a process quality parameter of the package. In particular, the parameter can serve, for example, to monitor a completed manufacturing process for the material.In particular, a total mass moment of inertia is calculated using the applied torque of the electric motor of the drive unit, whereby known mass moments of inertia, such as in particular a mass moment of inertia of the drive unit and a mass moment of inertia of the spindle, can be subtracted from the total mass moment of inertia to determine the mass moment of inertia of the package. An "applied torque of the electric motor" should be understood in particular as a torque that the electric motor applies to drive the spindle and, if applicable, the sleeve in order to maintain, increase, or decrease the angular velocity of the spindle at a required angular velocity. A "total mass moment of inertia" should be understood in this context in particular as a mass moment of inertia that is composed of all mass moments of inertia along the drive train from the electric motor of the drive unit to the spindle.Preferably, the total mass moment of inertia is composed of at least one mass moment of inertia of the drive unit, in particular of the rotor of the electric motor, the mass moment of inertia of the spindle, and, if present, the mass moment of inertia applied to at least one sleeve. The mass moment of inertia applied to the spindle is composed in particular of a mass moment of inertia of the spindle itself, possibly of a sleeve, and, in the case of an already completed winding of the material, in particular the fibrous material, on the winding surface, the mass moment of inertia of the material located on the winding surface.
[0011] The winding machine preferably has a computing unit. The computing unit is provided to calculate the at least one parameter of the package. The computing unit is preferably provided to calculate the mass moment of inertia applied to the spindle. In one method step, the mass moment of inertia applied to the spindle is calculated by the computing unit, in particular by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor from the total mass moment of inertia. The computing unit preferably has at least one data set. At least the mass moment of inertia of the electric motor is preferably stored in the data set. Furthermore, a mass moment of inertia of the empty spindle can also be stored. Alternatively or additionally, it would be conceivable for the mass moment of inertia of the drive unit and the spindle to be recorded before each winding.In this context, an “empty spindle” should be understood in particular to mean a spindle that is free of a sleeve and / or free of a winding of the material, in particular fibrous material. The mass moments of inertia of the electric motor and the empty spindle are preferably determined before commissioning of the winding machine and stored in the computing unit. Alternatively, it would be conceivable for the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor and the empty spindle to be determined separately or jointly in a calibration step of the winding machine. In one method step, the parameter of the package is preferably calculated from the wound, in particular fibrous, material. In this context, “wound material” should be understood in particular to mean material that was wound onto the sleeve during operation of the winding machine.The material can be formed, for example, from a filament, a ribbon, or the like. Preferably, the material is formed from a fibrous material. In this context, a "fibrous material" is understood to mean, in particular, a material made of plastic, natural, or glass fibers, which is in particular composed of multiple fibers.
[0012] The inventive design of the measuring method allows the weight of a package, particularly of wound material, to be determined cost-effectively and precisely by a winding machine. The weight of the package can advantageously be determined during a winding process. This advantageously eliminates the need for additional work steps and devices for determining the weight of the package.
[0013] According to the invention, in the method step, the weight of the package on the winding surface is calculated by means of the measuring device using the mass moment of inertia applied to the spindle. The weight of the package forms, in particular, a parameter of the package. Preferably, the data set of the computing unit contains the mass moment of inertia of the empty spindle and / or a mass moment of inertia of the empty spindle is determined before a winding process. The empty spindle is preferably free of the material. In one method step, the weight of the package made of the, in particular fibrous, material is calculated by the computing unit by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the empty spindle and the electric motor from the recorded total mass moment of inertia.In this context, a "weight of the package on the winding surface" should be understood in particular as the package weight of the material, in particular fibrous material, wound onto the winding surface. The weight defines in particular the current weight of the material, in particular fibrous material, currently wound onto the winding surface. The fact that the weight of the package on the winding surface is calculated using a mass moment of inertia, in particular one applied to the spindle, should be understood in particular as meaning that a mass moment of inertia applied to the spindle is directly recorded or indirectly determined, and the weight of the package on the winding surface is inferred from the changing mass moment of inertia.Preferably, a current total mass moment of inertia of the spindle with the package is calculated using a torque generated by the drive unit to accelerate the spindle with the package, and the weight of the package is deduced from this, in particular by calculation. The design of the measuring method allows the weight of the package of wound material to be determined advantageously precisely and easily. The weight of the wound material can advantageously be determined while the package is arranged on the spindle. In particular, the influence of centrifugal forces on a weight measurement can be minimized compared to a conventional weight measurement.
[0014] Furthermore, it is proposed that in one method step, the mass moment of inertia applied to the spindle is recorded by means of the measuring device during acceleration, in particular during deceleration of the spindle. An “acceleration” is understood to mean an acceleration other than zero, with positive and negative accelerations being particularly conceivable. Preferably, the control unit records the required deceleration torque needed to decelerate the spindle from one angular velocity to a lower angular velocity. The deceleration torque is preferably provided by the electric motor. The data set of the computing unit preferably contains values for the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor, the empty spindle, and / or the empty sleeve during a deceleration process.Preferably, the computing unit calculates the mass moment of inertia of the material package on the spindle by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor and the empty spindle from the required braking torque of the electric motor. Preferably, the computing unit calculates the weight of the material, particularly fibrous material, by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor, the empty spindle, and, if present, the empty sleeve from the required braking torque of the electric motor. The design of the measuring method advantageously allows the weight of the material wound on the spindle to be determined without an additional process step. The weight can advantageously be determined in an energy-saving manner.
[0015] It is further proposed that, in one method step, a braking force of the winding machine, which is intended to decelerate the rotating spindle, in particular at the end of the winding process, is detected by means of the measuring device. The winding process preferably has at least a positive acceleration at the beginning of the winding process and a negative acceleration, in particular a deceleration, at the end of the winding process. The spindle preferably has an angular velocity of 0 rad / s at the end of the winding process, in particular after deceleration. By detecting the braking force, in particular the deceleration torque, at the end of the winding process, an additional acceleration step can advantageously be dispensed with. The weight can advantageously be calculated during an essential process step.
[0016] Furthermore, it is proposed that in one method step, the weight of the package is calculated using the braking force by means of the measuring device. The computing unit preferably calculates the braking torque of the electric motor using the braking force. Alternatively, it is conceivable for the winding machine to have a separate braking unit designed to brake the spindle. The braking unit preferably provides the computing unit with the value of the required braking force for calculating the braking torque. By detecting the braking force, in particular the braking torque, at the end of the winding process, an additional acceleration step can advantageously be dispensed with. The weight can advantageously be calculated during an essential process step.
[0017] According to the invention, in one method step, an intermediate braking action is carried out to detect an intermediate braking force, wherein the weight of the package is calculated by means of the measuring device using the intermediate braking force. The intermediate braking action is preferably carried out during winding. The intermediate braking action is provided in particular to determine the weight of the fibrous material on the spindle during winding. The intermediate braking action preferably lasts a maximum of 10 seconds, more preferably a maximum of 5 seconds, and particularly preferably a maximum of 2 seconds. Preferably, the spindle, in particular the core, does not come to a standstill during the intermediate braking action. In particular, material continues to be wound onto the winding surface during the intermediate braking action. The design of the measuring method advantageously makes it possible to detect the weight of the package of wound material during winding.Advantageously, the weight can be recorded without removing the package from the spindle.
[0018] Furthermore, it is proposed that in a method step the braking of the spindle is interrupted by at least one acceleration cycle of the spindle in order to determine disturbance variables, in particular system friction. Preferably, the angular velocity of the spindle is increased for the at least one acceleration cycle for the duration of the acceleration cycle. The acceleration cycle preferably lasts a maximum of 10 seconds, preferably a maximum of 5 seconds and particularly preferably a maximum of 2 seconds. Preferably, the angular velocity is increased during the acceleration cycle by a maximum of 20 rad / s, preferably by a maximum of 10 rad / s and particularly preferably by a maximum of 5 rad / s from the start of the acceleration cycle to the end of the acceleration cycle. The design of the measuring method advantageously allows disturbance variables to be detected. A more accurate result for the weight of the package of fibrous material can advantageously be provided.
[0019] It is further proposed that, in a method step for calibrating the weight measurement, at least one acceleration cycle of the spindle be carried out. Carrying out an acceleration cycle during the acceleration should be understood in particular to mean that the angular velocity of the spindle is accelerated in the acceleration cycle with a change in angular velocity that differs from the regular, in particular linear, acceleration of the spindle. A “regular acceleration” should be understood in particular as an acceleration that the spindle experiences as standard at the start of a winding process. It is conceivable that the change in angular velocity in the acceleration cycle is lower or higher than the change in angular velocity of the regular acceleration of the spindle.The acceleration cycle during spindle acceleration preferably lasts a maximum of 10 seconds, preferably a maximum of 5 seconds, and particularly preferably a maximum of 2 seconds. The difference in the angular velocity change value between the regular acceleration and the acceleration cycle is preferably at least 1 rad / s. 2 , preferably at least 2 rad / s 2 It is conceivable that the acceleration cycle for calibrating the weight measurement could be performed before production begins. Performing the acceleration cycle before production begins means, in particular, that the spindle is free of the sleeve and / or no fibrous material is wound onto it. This allows the measurement method to be advantageously calibrated before production begins. Potential disturbances can be advantageously detected and, if necessary, eliminated before production begins.
[0020] Furthermore, the invention is based on a winding machine for carrying out a measuring method according to one of the preceding claims, having a measuring device, at least one spindle, and at least one winding surface. The measuring device preferably has at least one control and / or regulating unit. The control and / or regulating unit is preferably provided at least to control the torque of the electric motor such that the spindle is set to a required angular velocity, in particular rotational speed, by means of an angular acceleration of the electric motor. The control and / or regulating unit is preferably designed to detect the angular velocity of the sleeve, the spindle, and / or the electric motor. The control and / or regulating unit is designed to control the electric motor preferably such that the electric motor sets a required angular velocity on the spindle by means of its torque.The measuring device preferably has at least one computing unit. The computing unit is provided to calculate the weight of the package of material. The computing unit is preferably provided to calculate the mass moment of inertia of the package. The computing unit is configured such that the mass moment of inertia of the package is calculated by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor and the spindle from the total mass moment of inertia. The computing unit preferably has at least one data set. The data set preferably contains at least the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor and the empty spindle. The mass moments of inertia of the electric motor and the empty spindle are preferably determined before commissioning of the winding machine and stored in the computing unit. The winding machine preferably has several, in particular at least two, spindles.The winding machine preferably comprises at least one material conveyor, in particular one for each spindle. The winding machine preferably comprises a winding device for each spindle for winding the material onto the spindle. The measuring device of the winding machine preferably comprises the control unit and the computing unit. The design of the winding machine according to the invention makes it possible to provide an advantageously productive winding machine with an advantageously high throughput, which can detect the weight of the core or of the wound material without removing the core from the spindle and advantageously without an additional process step. The design of the winding machine according to the invention makes it possible to provide a measuring device for a winding machine which makes it possible to detect the weight of a wound material advantageously directly on the winding machine.
[0021] It is further proposed that the winding surface be formed by an outer surface of the spindle. This makes it possible, in particular, to wind the material directly onto the spindle. In particular, the number of components can be kept to a minimum. Alternatively, it is proposed that the winding machine have at least one sleeve, the winding surface being formed by an outer surface of the sleeve. The sleeve is, in particular, detachably arranged on the spindle and is intended to be removed from the spindle together with the package after a winding process. The sleeve serves, in particular, to separate the package from the spindle. Various designs of the sleeve are conceivable which would appear expedient to a person skilled in the art. The sleeve can, for example, be formed from a cardboard sleeve or a metal sleeve. Furthermore, flexible designs of the sleeve are also conceivable.In particular, the winding machine can be used both with the sleeve, with the winding surface then being formed, in particular, by an outer surface of the sleeve, and without the sleeve. The winding surface is formed accordingly on various components. This makes it possible to provide, in particular, an advantageously flexible winding machine.
[0022] It is further proposed that the winding machine comprise a drive unit for an output of the at least one spindle, wherein the measuring device is provided for detecting a load of the drive unit. The drive unit comprises, in particular, an electric motor, wherein the measuring device is provided in particular for detecting a load of the electric motor and thereby inferring a total mass moment of inertia.
[0023] Drawings
[0024] Further advantages will become apparent from the following description of the drawings. The drawings illustrate an exemplary embodiment of the invention. The drawings, the description, and the claims contain numerous features in combination. Those skilled in the art will also expediently consider the features individually and combine them into useful further combinations.
[0025] They show:
[0026] Fig. 1 shows a winding machine according to the invention with two spindles and with a measuring device in a schematic representation,
[0027] Fig. 2 shows a spindle of the winding machine according to the invention in a schematic sectional view,
[0028] Fig. 3 shows a measuring method according to the invention in a schematic representation and
[0029] Fig. 4 is a diagram schematically showing the different braking torque.
[0030] Description of the embodiment
[0031] Figure 1 shows a winding machine 10 with a measuring device 12 for winding a fibrous material 18, which has at least one spindle 14, 14'. The fibrous material 18 is formed, for example, from a plastic, natural, or glass fiber yarn, which is composed in particular of several fibers, in particular filaments. The winding machine 10 has two spindles 14, 14'. The spindles 14, 14' are essentially identical. The spindles 14, 14' are arranged axially parallel, wherein preferably only one spindle 14, 14' is filled with the fibrous material 18 during operation. The measuring device 12 is provided for both spindles 14, 14', but it would also be conceivable for each spindle 14, 14' to be assigned a measuring device 12.The spindles 14, 14' each have, for example, an inner shaft 44, two conical elements 46, 48 arranged on the inner shaft 44, and a hollow cylindrical cylinder jacket element 50 arranged between the conical elements 46, 48 (Figure 2). Figure 2 shows, by way of example, the first spindle 14 of the spindles 14, 14', wherein the spindles 14, 14' are in particular identical in design. The winding machine 10 further comprises a material conveyor, which is provided for feeding the fibrous material 18 to the spindle 14, 14' to be filled. The material conveyor is provided, for example, for feeding the produced fibrous material 18 to the corresponding spindle 14, 14' for a defined winding, such as a cross winding. The material 18 is then wound up in the form of a package on the corresponding spindle 14, 14' by a rotational movement of the spindle 14, 14'.The winding machine 10 is provided for winding the material 18 onto the spindles 14, 14'. The winding machine 10 further comprises a drive unit 52. The drive unit 52 is provided for driving the spindles 14, 14'. The drive unit 52 comprises at least one electric motor 54. The drive unit 52 comprises, by way of example, exactly two electric motors 54, only one of which is shown in the drawings, each of which is provided for driving one of the spindles 14, 14'. The electric motors 54 are each provided from a direct drive to a direct drive of one of the two spindles 14, 14'. However, it would also be conceivable for the drive unit 52 to additionally comprise a gear, such as a planetary gear, a spur gear, and / or a belt drive, which translates a drive movement of the electric motors 54 to the spindle 14, 14'. Furthermore, the winding machine 10 has a control and / or regulating unit 56.The control and / or regulating unit 56 is provided at least to control the torque of the electric motors 54 such that the driven spindle 14, 14' is set to a required angular velocity, in particular rotational speed, by means of an angular acceleration of the corresponding electric motor 54. The control and / or regulating unit 56 is configured to detect the angular velocity of the spindle 14 and / or the electric motor 54 and to regulate it to a defined value, in particular one specified by an operating program. The control and / or regulating unit 56 is configured to control the electric motor 54 such that the electric motor 54 sets a required angular velocity on the spindle 14, 14' by means of its torque.
[0032] Furthermore, the winding machine 10 has a winding surface 15. The winding surface 15 serves to directly receive a package, in particular a fiber package, of the fibrous material 18. The winding machine 10 is intended to wind the fibrous material directly onto the winding surface 15 into a package. In one embodiment, the winding surface 15 is formed by an outer surface of the spindle 14. The winding surface 15 is formed by an outer surface of the cylinder jacket element 50. In addition, the winding machine 10 can have at least one sleeve 16. The at least one sleeve 16 is in particular optional. The sleeve 16 is provided for a detachable connection to one of the spindles 14, 14'. The sleeve 16 is driven by the spindle 14. The sleeve 16 is in particular hollow-cylindrical in shape. The sleeve 16 serves to support the package after winding.
[0033] In Figure 2, the spindle 14 is shown on the left side without a sleeve 16, and the spindle 14 is shown on the right side with the sleeve 16. Depending on the material 18 and / or the application, the spindle 14 can be used with or without a sleeve 16. When a sleeve 16 is used, the winding surface 15 is formed by an outer surface of the sleeve 16.
[0034] The measuring device 12 is provided for detecting a load of the drive unit. The measuring device 12 is provided for carrying out a measuring method 20 for the winding machine 10 for winding the fibrous material 18, for detecting at least one parameter of the package of material 18 on the winding surface. The measuring method is particularly for detecting a weight of the package of material 18 on the winding surface 15. The measuring device 12 has a computing unit 58. The computing unit 58 is provided for calculating the weight of the package of fibrous material 18. The computing unit 58 is provided for calculating the mass moment of inertia of the sleeve 16.The computing unit is configured to calculate the mass moment of inertia of the package of fibrous material 18 by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the driving electric motor 54 and the driven spindle 14, 14' from a total mass moment of inertia. The computing unit 58 has a data set. The mass moments of inertia of the electric motors 54 and the empty spindles 14, 14' are stored in the data set. The mass moments of inertia of the electric motors 54 and the empty spindles 14, 14' are determined before the winding machine 10 is put into operation and stored in the computing unit 58. Alternatively, the mass moments of inertia of the electric motors 54 and the empty spindles 14, 14' are recorded by the computing unit 58 before each winding operation by operating the spindle 14, 14' empty within a defined speed range.
[0035] Figure 3 shows the measuring method 20 for the winding machine 10 for winding the fibrous material 18. The measuring method 20 takes place during regular winding operation of the winding machine 10. During the winding operation and the measuring method, one of the electric motors 54 drives the driven spindle 14, 14' to rotate about a longitudinal axis of the spindle 14, 14' in order to wind the fibrous material 18 on the winding surface 15 into a package, in particular a fiber package. During regular winding operation of the winding machine 10, the control and / or regulating unit 56 controls the electric motor 54 such that the electric motor 54 sets a required angular velocity on the spindle 14 using its torque.
[0036] Calibration preferably occurs before winding operation and / or before the measuring process 20. In a method step 36, at least one acceleration cycle of the spindle 14 is performed to calibrate the weight measurement. The spindle 14 is empty, and if provided, a sleeve 16 can be arranged on the spindle 14.
[0037] The measuring method 20 is preferably performed during regular winding operation, whereby the measuring method 20 can be performed both at the end of a winding operation, for example, to check the final package size of the package made of the fibrous material 18, and during winding, for example, to obtain an intermediate value of the package's weight. Furthermore, the weight can be measured both continuously and at individual measurement points.
[0038] To continuously record the weight of the package of fibrous material 18 on the spindle 14, a total mass moment of inertia is continuously recorded. In a method step 22 of the measuring method 20, a parameter, in particular a weight, of the package on the winding surface 15 is recorded by means of the measuring device 12. However, another parameter that would appear appropriate to a person skilled in the art could also be conceivable for recording. The weight of the package on the winding surface 15 is calculated in method step 22 using a mass moment of inertia. In method step 22, the weight of the package of fibrous material 18 is calculated using the mass moment of inertia applied to the spindle 14. Method step 22 is carried out continuously during regular winding operation.The control and / or regulating unit 56 is configured such that, in method step 22, the angular velocity of the sleeve 16, the spindle 14, 14', and / or the electric motor 54 is detected. Furthermore, the applied torque of the electric motor 54 is detected by the control and / or regulating unit 56. As the effective weight of the spindle 14 increases, the applied torque of the electric motor 54 increases at a constant speed. Using the applied torque of the electric motor 54, the total mass moment of inertia is calculated in method step 22. The computing unit 58 calculates the mass moment of inertia of the package on the winding surface 15 in method step 22.In method step 22, the mass moment of inertia of the package of fibrous material 18 on the winding surface 15 is calculated by the computing unit 58 by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the driving electric motor 54 and the driven spindle 14, 14' from the determined total mass moment of inertia. If a core 16 is used, the weight of the core 16 with wound-up, in particular fibrous, material 18 is also calculated in method step 22. The data set of the computing unit 58 includes, in particular, the mass moment of inertia of the empty core 16. The data set can consist of both calibration data and originally stored data. In method step 22, the weight of the, in particular fibrous, material 18 is calculated by the computing unit 58 by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor 54, the spindle 14 and, if applicable,of the sleeve 16 are subtracted from the total mass moment of inertia. The weight of the package made of fibrous material 18 is calculated from the mass moment of inertia of the package. Alternatively or additionally, in a method step 26, the mass moment of inertia applied to the spindle 16 is detected by means of the measuring device 12 during acceleration, in particular deceleration, of the spindle 14. The mass moment of inertia is detected at the end of a winding operation, when the spindle 16 is decelerated to a standstill. The control and / or regulating unit 56 detects a required deceleration torque 40, which is required to decelerate the spindle 14 from one angular velocity to a lower angular velocity. The deceleration torque is provided by the electric motor 54. However, it would also be conceivable to provide a separate braking unit which decelerates the spindle 14.The data set of the computing unit 58 contains values for the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor 54, the empty spindle 14, and / or the empty core 16 during a braking process. The mass moment of inertia of the package of material 18 is calculated by the computing unit 58 in method step 26 by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor 54 and the empty spindle 14 from the required braking torque 40 of the electric motor 54. In a method step 28, a braking force of the winding machine 10, which is intended to brake the rotating spindle 14 at the end of the winding process, is recorded by the measuring device 12. In a method step 30, the weight of the package of fibrous material 18 is calculated using the braking force. The computing unit 58 calculates the braking torque of the electric motor 54 using the braking force.To determine the weight of the package, a total mass moment of inertia is calculated, in particular as in method step 22. Subsequently, the weight of the material 18, in particular the fibrous material, is calculated by the computing unit 58 by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor 54, the spindle 14, and, if applicable, the sleeve 16 from the total mass moment of inertia.
[0039] Alternatively or additionally, in a method step 32, in particular an intermediate braking step, an intermediate braking is performed to detect an intermediate braking force, wherein the weight of the package is calculated by means of the measuring device 12 using the intermediate braking force. The weight of the package can be calculated at regular intervals during a winding operation. The intermediate braking is performed during winding. The intermediate braking, in particular the intermediate braking force, is intended to determine the weight of the package of fibrous material 18 during winding. The spindle 14 does not come to a standstill during the intermediate braking. During the intermediate braking, material 18 continues to be wound onto the winding surface 15. Method step 32, in particular the intermediate braking step, is also followed by method step 30.In method step 30, the weight of the package of fibrous material 18 is calculated using the intermediate braking force. The computing unit 58 calculates the braking torque of the electric motor 54 using the intermediate braking force. To determine the weight of the package, a total mass moment of inertia is calculated, in particular as in method step 22. Subsequently, the weight of the material 18, in particular the fibrous material, is calculated by the computing unit 58 by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor 54, the spindle 14, and, if applicable, the sleeve 16 from the total mass moment of inertia.
[0040] In addition to method steps 26, 30, in which braking is performed, it would be conceivable that, in a method step 34, the braking of the spindle 14 is interrupted by at least one acceleration cycle of the spindle 14 to determine disturbance variables, in particular system friction. For this purpose, the angular velocity of the spindle 14 is increased for the duration of the at least one acceleration cycle.
[0041] Figure 4 shows a diagram which was used as an example to represent the data set of the computing unit 58. In the diagram, the braking torque is plotted against the winding time. The braking torque is plotted on the ordinate axis, while the winding time is plotted on the abscissa axis. The diagram shows that the braking torque increases as a function of the winding time. The diagram therefore shows that the effective weight of the spindle 14 with the wound material 18 increases over time. The diagram shows a graph of a target braking torque 38, which is theoretically necessary to completely brake the spindle 14 depending on the package size on the winding surface 15. Furthermore, the diagram shows a graph for the actually required braking torque 40. An absolute deviation 42 is plotted and shown on a smaller scale against the winding time.
Claims
AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on April 25, 2024 (25.04.2024) Claims 1. A measuring method (20) for a winding machine (10) for winding a material (18), in particular a fibrous material (18), which has at least one spindle (14), at least one winding surface (15), and a measuring device (12), wherein the spindle (14) in at least one operating state drives the at least one winding surface (15) rotating about a longitudinal axis of the spindle (14) in order to wind the material (18) onto the winding surface (15) into a package, in particular a fiber package, wherein in at least one method step (22) at least one parameter of the package on the winding surface (15) is detected by means of the measuring device (12), wherein the at least one parameter of the package on the winding surface (15) is calculated by means of a mass moment of inertia, in particular applied to the spindle (14), characterized in thatthat in the method step (22) by means of the measuring device (12) a weight of the package on the winding surface (15) is calculated by means of the mass moment of inertia applied to the spindle (14), wherein in a method step (32) an intermediate braking is carried out to detect an intermediate braking force, wherein by means of the measuring device (12) the weight of the package is calculated by means of the intermediate braking force, wherein the spindle (14), in particular a sleeve (16), does not come to a standstill during the intermediate braking.
2. Measuring method according to claim 1, characterized in that in a method step (26) by means of the measuring device (12) the Spindle (16) applied mass moment of inertia during a Acceleration, in particular deceleration, of the spindle (14) is detected.
3. Measuring method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in a method step (28) by means of the measuring device (12) a braking force of the winding machine (10), which is intended to brake the rotating spindle (14), in particular at the end of the winding, is detected.
4. Measuring method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a method step (30) by means of the measuring device (12) the weight of the package is calculated by means of the braking force.
5. Measuring method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a method step (34) the braking of the spindle (14) is interrupted by at least one acceleration cycle of the spindle (14) for determining disturbance variables, in particular system friction.
6. Measuring method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a method step (36) for calibrating the weight measurement, at least one acceleration cycle of the spindle (14) is carried out.
7. Winding machine (10) for carrying out a measuring method (20) according to one of the preceding claims, with a measuring device (12), with at least one spindle (14), with at least one winding surface (15) and with at least one drive unit (52) for accelerating the spindle (14), wherein the drive unit (52) has at least one electric motor (54), wherein the measuring device (12) comprises at least one computing unit (58), characterized in that the computing unit (58) is designed to calculate a mass moment of inertia of the package by subtracting mass moments of inertia of the electric motor (54) and the spindle (14) from a total mass moment of inertia.
8. Winding machine (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that the winding surface (15) is formed by an outer surface of the spindle (14).
9. Winding machine (10) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized by at least one sleeve (16), wherein the winding surface (15) is formed by an outer surface of the sleeve (16).
10. Winding machine (10) according to claim 7, characterized by the drive unit (52) to an output of the at least one spindle (14), wherein the measuring device (12) is provided to detect a load of the drive unit (52).