Clock calendar system

Abstract

Clock calendar system (100), the system comprising: - a calendar wheel (1) pivoted around a first axis (A1);- a first element (32) for driving the date wheel, such as a finger, - a second element (12) for driving the date wheel, comprising for example a tooth (12a) for driving the date wheel, the second driving element (12) being mounted so as to be movable on the date wheel (1) between a retracted position and a driving position, and - a month cam (22) pivoted about a second axis (A2), the month cam (22) being arranged to cooperate with the second element (12) for driving the date wheel so as to, depending on the position of the month cam (22), authorize or prohibit the retraction of the second element (12) for driving the date wheel, and the first and second axes being distinct, the system comprising a frame (99) and the first and second axes are fixed axes relative to the frame (99).;

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a watch calendar system. The invention also relates to a watch movement comprising such a watch calendar system. The invention further relates to a timepiece comprising such a watch movement or such a watch calendar system. The invention further relates to a method for operating such a watch calendar system or such a watch movement or such a timepiece. The invention finally relates to an indicator wheel set, in particular a month indicator wheel set, for a timepiece.

[0002] Complete calendars are known from the state of the art of watchmaking. In particular, the work "Les montres calendriers modernes" by B. Humbert lists a good number of examples of complete calendars known from the 1950s. In particular, we can find the description of a calendar plate with four indications from Vacheron Constantin which is characteristic of the period and in which the 31-tooth date wheel is here placed at the center of the movement. It is activated periodically by a driving finger making one revolution in 24 hours under the effect of the rotation of an hour wheel, itself driven by a motor organ of a basic movement. The month wheel is activated once a month by the effect of a finger carried by an intermediate wheel, similar or identical to the date wheel, itself engaged with the date wheel.The driving of the indications, whether the date indication or the month indication, is carried out in a "dragging" manner, namely that the driving of the indications is carried out over several minutes, or even several hours. The rotation speed of the driving finger is constant and corresponds to the speed of the 24-hour wheel on which the finger is fixed, itself engaged with the hour wheel. The passage of the date and month indications thus takes place over several minutes, or even several hours, until the respective jumpers of the date and month wheels restore their energy and re-index said wheels. Furthermore, the date and month indications may be out of phase over such a time range.

[0003] Patent application CH685585 discloses a movable tooth of a date wheel set, which is elastically biased against a month programming cam arranged concentrically with the date wheel set, so as to implement an annual calendar with trailing jumps. The kinematic chain of the dates and that connecting the date wheel set to the wheel set supporting the month programming cam are particularly long and complex. These notably induce a certain number of stages in contradiction with an objective of compactness of the calendar or of the movement incorporating such a calendar. In addition, such a chain is energy-intensive and therefore does not favor the implementation of a complete calendar with instantaneous jumps.

[0004] Patent application EP1734419 discloses a perpetual calendar with instantaneous jumps, which may be in the form of a complete calendar. For this purpose, the calendar comprises a month programming cam offset from a date wheel, as well as a calendar cam in the form of a snail. These different cams are designed to cooperate with a certain number of racks or levers, so that the construction is particularly complex. In particular, the month programming cam is designed to position a month lever connected to a rack designed to control a lever equipped with a pawl, itself designed to actuate a tooth of a date wheel.

[0005] Patent application EP3567438 discloses a calendar with a desmodromic system comprising a month programming cam cooperating with a cam follower, the latter being designed to authorize or prohibit the retraction of a tooth mounted movably on a date wheel. The month programming cam is arranged concentrically with the date wheel, so that the cam follower is necessary to establish a link between the month cam and the tooth mounted movably or displaceably on the date wheel.

[0006] The aim of the invention is to provide a clock drive device that makes it possible to improve the known devices of the prior art. In particular, the invention proposes a reliable, simple calendar system that is an alternative to existing ones and that makes it possible to overcome architectural or construction constraints.

[0007] According to a first aspect of the invention, objects are defined by the following propositions. 1. Instantaneous jump timepiece calendar system (100), the system comprising: an energy accumulation and restitution device comprising an energy accumulator (4) and a cam (33), a date wheel set (1), a month wheel set (2), a first indexing element (7) for the date wheel set (1), a second indexing element (8) for the month wheel set (2), a wheel set (3) for driving the date wheel set by restoring energy from the energy accumulator (4), and an element (6b) for driving the month wheel set by restoring energy from the energy accumulator (4), the element (6b) for driving the month wheel set being arranged and / or configured to limit the movement of the month wheel set after the month wheel set has been driven. 2.A clockwork calendar system (100) according to proposition 1, characterized in that the second indexing element (8) of the month wheel (2) produces a holding torque of the month wheel (2) 2 times lower or 1.5 times lower than the holding torque of the date wheel (1) produced by the first indexing element (7) of the date wheel (1). 3. A clockwork calendar system (100) according to one of propositions 1 and 2, characterized in that the first indexing element is a jumper (7) cooperating with a toothing (1a) of the date wheel. 4. A clockwork calendar system (100) according to one of propositions 1 to 3, characterized in that the second indexing element is a jumper (8) cooperating with a toothing (2a) of the month wheel. 5.6. A watch calendar system (100) according to one of the proposals 1 to 5, characterized in that the drive wheel (3) comprises a first finger (31), such as a pin, arranged to cooperate by contact with a toothing (1a) of the date wheel. 7. A watch calendar system (100) according to one of the proposals 1 to 6, characterized in that the drive wheel (3) comprises the cam (33). 8.9. A clock calendar system (100) according to one of the propositions 1 to 7, characterized in that the date wheel set (1) is pivoted about a first axis (A1), in that the month wheel set (2) is pivoted about a second axis (A2) and in that the drive wheel set (3) is pivoted about a third axis (A3), the first axis (A1), the second axis (A2) and the third axis (A3) being distinct. 9. A clock calendar system (100) according to proposition 8, characterized in that the first axis (A1) is arranged in the center of the calendar system (100) and / or in the center of a clock movement (200) and / or in the center of a timepiece (300). 10. Clock calendar system (100) according to one of proposals 1 to 9, characterized in that the element (6b) for driving the month wheel comprises a third finger (6b) arranged to cooperate by contact with a toothing (2a) of the month wheel. 11.12. A clockwork calendar system (100) according to one of the proposals 1 to 11, characterized in that the system comprises: a day wheel (5), a third indexing element (9) for the day wheel (5), a third element (38) for driving the day wheel by restoring energy from the energy accumulator (4). 13. A clock calendar system (100) according to one of the proposals 1 to 12, characterized in that the third element (38) for driving the day wheel is arranged and / or configured to limit the movement of the day wheel after the driving of the day wheel. 14.Clock calendar system (100) according to one of the propositions 1 to 13, characterized in that the system is a simple or annual or semi-perpetual or perpetual calendar system. 15. Clock movement (200) comprising a system according to one of the propositions 1 to 14. 16. Timepiece (300), in particular wristwatch, comprising a system (100) according to one of the propositions 1 to 14 and / or a clock movement according to proposition 15. .

[0008] According to a second aspect of the invention, objects are defined by the following propositions. 17. Clock calendar system (100), the system comprising: a calendar wheel (1) pivoted around a first axis (A1); a first element (32) for driving the date wheel, such as a finger, a second element (12) for driving the date wheel, comprising for example a tooth (12a) for driving the date wheel, the second driving element (12) being mounted so as to be able to move on the date wheel (1) between a retracted position and a driving position, and a month cam (22) pivoted about a second axis (A2), the month cam (22) being arranged to cooperate with the second element (12) for driving the date wheel so as to, depending on the position of the month cam (22), authorize or prohibit the retraction of the second element (12) for driving the date wheel, and the first and second axes being distinct. 18.A clockwork calendar system (100) according to proposition 17, characterized in that the month cam (22) is arranged so that: at least a first position of the month cam (22) allows the retraction of the second element (12) for driving the date wheel under the action of the first element (32) for driving the date wheel, and at least a second position of the month cam (22) prevents, by direct contact of the month cam (22) with the second element (12) for driving the date wheel, the retraction of the second element (12) for driving the date wheel under the action of the first element (32) for driving the date wheel. 19. A clock calendar system (100) according to one of the proposals 17 and 18, characterized in that the clock calendar system (100) comprises a month display member, the month display member and the month cam (22) forming a single component (24). 20.A clockwork calendar system (100) according to one of the proposals 17 to 19, characterized in that the second element (12) for driving the date wheel comprises a lever pivoted about a third axis (A12) on the date wheel (1). 21. A clockwork calendar system (100) according to proposal 20, characterized in that the pivoting amplitude of the lever (12) about the third axis (A12) is approximately 7° or approximately 0.5 mm at a conformation (12b) of the second element (12) for driving the date wheel, such as a pin (12b), intended to come into contact with the month cam (22). 22.23. A clock calendar system (100) according to one of the proposals 17 to 21, characterized in that the clock calendar system (100) comprises: a first element (11a) for limiting the movement of the second element (12) for driving the date wheel relative to the date wheel (1), such as a pin, and a second element (12c) for limiting the movement of the second element (12) for driving the date wheel relative to the date wheel (1), such as a light, the first and second limiting elements cooperating with each other. 24. A clock calendar system (100) according to one of the proposals 17 to 22, characterized in that the clock calendar system (100) is an annual or semi-perpetual or perpetual calendar system.25. A clock calendar system (100) according to one of the proposals 17 to 24, characterized in that the clock calendar system (100) comprises an energy accumulation and restitution device comprising an energy accumulator (4) and a cam (33) so as to constitute a calendar system with instantaneous jump(s). 25. A clock calendar system (100) according to one of the proposals 17 to 24, characterized in that the clock calendar system (100) comprises a wheel set (3) for driving the date wheel set (1), the drive wheel set including the first element (32) for driving the date wheel set (1) and a third element (31) for driving the date wheel set (1). 26. A clock calendar system (100) according to proposals 24 and 25, characterized in that the clock calendar system (100) comprises the cam (33). 27.28. A watch calendar system (100) according to one of the proposals 17 to 27, characterized in that the wheel set (3) for driving the date wheel set (1) is pivoted about a third axis (A3) distinct from the first axis (A1) and the second axis (A2), in particular parallel to the first axis (A1) and the second axis (A2). 28. A watch calendar system (100) according to one of the proposals 17 to 27, characterized in that the system comprises: a third element (31) for driving the date wheel set, such as a finger or a pin, a fourth element (1a) for driving the date wheel set, comprising for example a toothing (1a) for driving the date wheel set, in particular an external toothing (1a) for driving the date wheel set. 29. Clock calendar system (100) according to one of proposals 17 to 28, characterized in that the system comprises a frame (99) and in that the first and second axes are fixed axes relative to the frame (99). 30.31. A clock calendar system (100) according to one of the proposals 17 to 30, characterized in that the system is arranged so that the second driving element (12) of the date wheel is freely retractable. 32.A clockwork calendar system (100) according to one of the proposals 17 to 31, characterized in that the system comprises a month wheel set (2) including: a month indicator disc (23), and the month cam (22), the month indicator disc and the month cam forming a single-piece assembly obtained by machining from the mass of the assembly or by assembling the month indicator disc and the month cam, in particular by gluing and / or welding and / or brazing, and / or the month cam having an annular shape, and / or the indicator disc (23) being inscribed in a first cylinder of diameter D1, the cam (22) being inscribed in a second cylinder of diameter D2 and the cam having an opening (221) in which a third cylinder of diameter D3 can be inscribed, the diameters D1, D2 and D3 being such that D2 < D1, in particular D2 < 0.9 x D1, and D2>D3, in particular D2>D3 > 0.5 × D2, in particular D2>D3 > 0.8 × D2 33.Watch movement (200) comprising a system according to one of propositions 17 to 32. 34. Timepiece (300), in particular wristwatch, comprising a system (100) according to one of propositions 17 to 32 and / or a watch movement according to proposition 33. 35.Method for operating a clock calendar system (100) according to one of the propositions 17 to 32 or a clock movement (200) according to proposition 33 or a timepiece (300) according to proposition 34, the method comprising the following steps: Positioning the month cam (22) in a first position, and action of the first element (32) for driving the date wheel on the second element (12) for driving the date wheel so as to drive the date wheel, and Positioning the month cam (22) in a second position, and action of the first element (32) for driving the date wheel on the second element (12) for driving the date wheel so as to retract the second element (12) for driving the date wheel without driving the date wheel. 36.Indicator wheel (2), in particular month indicator wheel (2), for a clockwork calendar system (100), the indicator wheel (2) including: an axis (A2), an indicator disc (23), and a cam (22), the indicator disc and the cam forming a single-piece assembly obtained by machining the assembly in the mass or by assembling the indicator disc and the cam, in particular by gluing and / or welding and / or brazing, and / or the cam having an annular shape, and / or the indicator disc (23) being inscribed in a first cylinder of diameter D1, the cam (22) being inscribed in a second cylinder of diameter D2 and the cam having an opening (221) in which a third cylinder of diameter D3 can be inscribed, the diameters D1, D2 and D3 being such that D2 < D1, in particular D2 < 0.9 x D1, and D2>D3, in particular D2>D3 > 0.5 × D2, in particular D2>D3 > 0.8 × D2. .

[0009] Unless there is technical or logical incompatibility, any object according to the first aspect of the invention may be combined with any object according to the second aspect of the invention.

[0010] The attached drawings represent, by way of example, an embodiment of a timepiece according to the invention. There figure 1 is a view of an embodiment of a timepiece according to the invention. The figure 2 is a view of a calendar system used in the embodiment of the timepiece according to the invention. The figure 3 is a view of a calendar drive system used in the embodiment of the timepiece according to the invention. The figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of a drive wheel used in the embodiment of the timepiece according to the invention. The figure 5 is an axial sectional view of a month wheel used in the embodiment of the timepiece according to the invention. The figure 6 is a view of the calendar system on April 30 just before midnight. The figure 7 is a view of the calendar system when displaying the jump from April 30 to May 1, in a first jump phase. The figure 8 is a detail view of the calendar system in its configuration of the figure 7 , this view detailing the interaction of the date and month mobiles. The figure 9 is a view of the calendar system when displaying the jump from April 30 to May 1, in a second jump phase. The figure 10 is a view of the calendar system just after the display jump from April 30 to May 1. The figure 11 is a view of the calendar system during the display jump from May 30 to May 31, in a first jump phase. The figure 12 is a detail view of the calendar system in its configuration of the figure 11 , this view detailing the interaction of the date and month mobiles. The figure 13 is a view of the calendar system when displaying the jump from May 30 to May 31, in a second jump phase.

[0011] An embodiment of a timepiece is described below with reference to figures 1 à 13 .

[0012] The timepiece 300 is for example a watch, in particular a wristwatch. The timepiece 300 comprises a watch movement 200 intended to be mounted in a timepiece case or box in order to protect it from the external environment.

[0013] The 200 watch movement is a mechanical movement, notably an automatic movement, or a hybrid movement or an electronic movement.

[0014] The watch movement 200 comprises a watch calendar system 100. The watch calendar system 100 is preferably an instantaneous jump system. The calendar system may be a simple or annual or semi-perpetual or perpetual calendar system.

[0015] According to a first aspect, the clock calendar system 100 comprises: an energy accumulation and restitution device comprising an energy accumulator 4 and a cam 33, a date wheel 1, a month wheel 2, an indexing element 7 of the date wheel 1, an indexing element 8 of the month wheel 2, a wheel 3 for driving the date wheel by restoring energy from the energy accumulator 4, and an element 6b for driving the month wheel by restoring energy from the energy accumulator 4.

[0016] The month wheel drive element 6b is arranged and / or configured to limit the movement of the month wheel after the month wheel drive has been completed.

[0017] According to a second aspect, the clock calendar system 100 comprises: the date wheel 1 pivoted about an axis A1; an element 32 for driving the date wheel, such as a finger 32, an element 12 for driving the date wheel, comprising for example a tooth 12a for driving the date wheel, the driving element 12 being mounted movably on the date wheel 1 between a retracted position and a driving position, and a month cam 22 pivoted about an axis A2, the month cam 22 being arranged to cooperate with the element 12 for driving the date wheel set so as, depending on the position of the month cam 22, to authorize or prohibit the retraction of the element 12 for driving the date wheel set, in particular under the action of the element 32 for driving the date wheel set, and the axes A1 and A2 being distinct.

[0018] Advantageously, the cam of months 22 is arranged so that: at least a first position of the month cam 22 authorizes the retraction of the element 12 for driving the date wheel under the action of the element 32 for driving the date wheel, and at least a second position of the month cam 22 prohibits, by direct contact of the month cam 22 with the element 12 for driving the date wheel, the retraction of the element 12 for driving the date wheel under the action of the element 32 for driving the date wheel.

[0019] The date wheel 1 is, in this embodiment, positioned along the axis A1 at the center of the calendar system 100 or of a calendar module or of the movement 200 incorporating the calendar system 100. The date wheel 1 comprises a wheel 11 provided with 31 teeth 1a, as well as a lever 12 mounted movably or displaceably in rotation on the wheel 11 around an axis A12 as shown in the figures 1 And 2 . The lever 12 constitutes the drive element 12 mounted movably on the date wheel 1 between a retracted position (shown in the figures 11 et 12 ) and a training position (represented in particular on the figures 7 et 8 ). The pivoting amplitude of the lever 12 around the axis A12 is approximately 7° or approximately 0.5 mm at a conformation 12b of the lever 12, such as a pin 12b, intended to come into contact with the month cam. Preferably, to define this amplitude, the system comprises: an element 11a for limiting the movement of the lever 12 relative to the date wheel 1, such as a pin, and an element 12c for limiting the movement of the lever 12 relative to the date wheel 1, such as a light, these limiting elements 11a and 12c cooperating with each other to limit the movement of the lever 12 relative to the wheel 11.

[0020] The lever 12 is designed to cooperate directly with the mobile 2 of the months pivoted around the axis A2, in particular with the cam 22 for programming the months mounted or fixed on a pinion 21 of the months, as shown in the figure 2 . The cam 22 of the months comprises circular portions 22a and radial projections 22b. These radial projections 22b are each configured and / or arranged to act as a stop against the conformation 12b of the lever 12.

[0021] The direct cooperation between the lever 12 and the cam 22 of the months, in particular the contact between the pin 12b and a projection 22b, makes it possible to drive the calendar on an additional step at the end of a month of 30 days or possibly of a month of less than 30 days (corresponding to the month of February), as described below.

[0022] Advantageously, the lever 12 is arranged so that the conformation 12b moves substantially orthoradially relative to the axis A1 or by forming an angle of less than 45° with the direction orthoradial to the axis A1 when the lever 12 is retracted.

[0023] The mobiles 1 and 2 are both driven instantaneously under the effect in particular of the driving mobile 3. The mobile 3 is pivoted about an axis A3. The mobile 3 makes a complete revolution every 24 hours about its axis A3. The mobile 3 comprises an element 31, such as a finger or a pin 31, which, every 24 hours, is provided to drive the mobile 1 by one angular step by cooperating by contact with one of the teeth 1a of the wheel 11. The mobile 3 also comprises the driving element 32 which is provided to exert an action on the lever 12, in particular on the tooth 12a of the lever, at the end of each month. As described below, the action has the effect: to retract lever 12 at the end of the long months, and to drive mobile 1 at the end of the short months.

[0024] The instantaneousness of the jumps is brought about by the energy accumulator 4, which is designed to cooperate with the cam 33 of the mobile 3. The accumulator 4 comprises a rocker 41 biased against the cam 33 by a spring 42. The rocker 41 and the spring 42 can be obtained by permanent assembly of several parts, or made of one material (obtained by shaping a single block of material) in order to form a single component 4. The cooperation between the rocker 41 and the cam 33 is preferably carried out by means of a roller 43 mounted to move in rotation at a portion, in particular one end, of the rocker 41.

[0025] The mobile 3 also includes a wheel 34 which allows it to be connected, in particular by meshing, to a basic movement via a suitable kinematic chain, in particular to an hour wheel (not shown). The fingers 31, 32 and the cam 33 are advantageously connected to this wheel 34 by means of a unidirectional connecting device 35. This device comprises an elastic pawl 36 connecting the wheel 34 to a disc 37 on which the fingers 31, 32 are mounted. In particular, the elastic pawl 36 acts on a conformation of the wheel 34 and a conformation of the disc 37 so as to induce a counterclockwise rotation of the elements 31, 32, 33 under the effect of a counterclockwise rotation of the wheel 34. When the wheel 34 is driven in a clockwise direction, the elements 31, 32, 33 are not driven and remain positioned under the effect of the rocker 41 and its spring 42 which act against the cam 33.

[0026] In the embodiment shown, the disc 37 also comprises a drive element 38, such as a finger 38 which, every 24 hours, is provided to drive, by one angular step, a day wheel 5 by cooperating by contact with one of the seven teeth 5a of a wheel or a star 51.

[0027] Thus, the mobile 3 is designed to instantly train: the date mobile 1, once a day or once every 24 hours, the day mobile 5, once a day or once every 24 hours, and the month mobile 2, once a month.

[0028] The months wheel 2 is connected to the dates wheel 1 by means of a particularly simple kinematic chain which is reduced to an intermediate wheel 6 comprising a wheel 61 whose 31 teeth 6a are engaged with the 31 teeth 1a of the wheel 11, as well as a finger 6b provided to drive the wheel 2 by an angular step by cooperating by contact with one of the teeth 2a of the pinion 21 secured to the months cam 22.

[0029] Preferably, each of the mobiles 1, 2, 5 is indexed in position by respectively an indexing element or jumper 7, 8, 9, which makes it possible to maintain the indicator members of the dates, days, and months in the display position. Jumper 7 cooperates with the toothing 1a of the date mobile. Jumper 8 cooperates with the toothing 2a of the month mobile. Jumper 9 cooperates with a toothing 51a of the wheel or star 51.

[0030] The date indicator member may be a central hand 13, and the month and day indicator members may be discs 23 and 53 as shown in the figure 1 .

[0031] Preferably, the cam 22 and the disc 23 form a single component 24. In other words, the circular portions 22a and the radial projections 22b are manufactured or formed directly under the disc 23, on the opposite side from that of the month indications. The circular portions 22a are optional in the implementation of the calendar system. Thus, only the radial projections 22b could be manufactured or formed directly on the disc 23.

[0032] Furthermore, the implementation of the annual calendar system is particularly simple and compact, with a kinematic chain reduced to only: an intermediate mobile 6, and a cam 22, and a month indicator organ 23 simply reduced to the same component 24.

[0033] In an alternative embodiment, one could even imagine attaching finger 6b directly to mobile 1, so that mobile 1 can directly drive mobile 2 of the months and do without the intermediate mobile 6.

[0034] This arrangement is made possible by the fact that the cam 22, pivoted along the axis A2, is off-center relative to the date wheel 1 pivoted along the axis A1. In other words, the cam 22 is off-center or off-center relative to the date wheel 1 on which the lever 12 provided to cooperate with the cam 22 is mounted mobile or movable, which has the advantage of making the date indicator organ coexist as simply as possible with the month indicator organ.

[0035] Furthermore, the jumps of these organs are perfectly instantaneous and synchronized thanks to the energy accumulator 4, the wheel set 3, and the finger 6b. As mentioned previously, the finger 6b is arranged and / or configured to limit the movement of the month wheel set 2 after driving the month wheel set 2. To do this, the finger 6b is configured and / or arranged so as to constitute a stop for the pinion 21 after the date has passed. For this purpose, the finger 6b comprises a surface 61b forming a stop for the month wheel set 2. Indeed, after having driven a tooth 2a of the toothing 21, the finger 6b is immobilized for 24 hours in a position where it constitutes, in particular where the surface 61b constitutes, a stop to limit the movement of the month wheel set 2 by cooperation with a surface 21a of the month wheel set 2.Thus, the surface 61b constitutes a stop for the tooth of the toothing 21 located just after the tooth which has just been driven, in particular for the surface 21a of this tooth. This operating principle thus makes it possible to reduce as much as possible the holding torque of the jumper 8, while avoiding any risk of additional involuntary jumping of the month display member after the date has passed. This holding torque can be minimized as much as the month wheel set 2 is simplified as much as possible by integrating the cam 22 and the member 23 within the same component 24. The wheel set 2 can thus be reduced to two components, namely a pinion 21 indexed in position by the jumper 8 and a component 24 integrating the display member 23 and the month programming cam 22.Thus, it is possible to dimension the calendar system so that the indexing element 8 of the month wheel 2 produces a holding torque of the month wheel 2 times lower or 1.5 times lower than the holding torque of the date wheel produced by the indexing element 7 of the date wheel 1.

[0036] Similar to finger 6b, the day wheel drive element 38 may be arranged and / or configured to limit the movement of the day wheel after driving an angular step of the day wheel 5.

[0037] A mode of execution of a method of operating the previously described clock calendar system 100 or the previously described clock movement 200 or the previously described timepiece 300 will now be described.

[0038] The process includes the following steps: Positioning the month cam 22 in a first position, and action of the date wheel drive element 32 on the date wheel drive element 12 so as to drive the date wheel, this step occurring at the end of the short months (April, June, September, November), and Positioning the month cam 22 in a second position, and action of the date wheel drive element 32 on the date wheel drive element 12 so as to retract the date wheel drive element 12 without driving the date wheel, this step occurring at the end of the long months (January, March, May, July, August, October, December).

[0039] There figure 6 represents the calendar system on April 30, just before midnight, namely just before the jump of the calendar indications. In this configuration, the roller 43 is located at the top 33a of the cam 33. The energy accumulator 4 is thus ready to restore the energy accumulated at midnight so as to generate a rotation of the fingers 31, 32 which are, in this movement, integral in rotation with the cam 33.

[0040] There figure 7 represents the calendar system during a first phase of the jump of the calendar indications. Since the month of April is a month comprising 30 days, the pin 12b is intended to come into abutment against a projection 22b of the month programming cam 22, under the effect of the action of the tooth 32 against the tooth 12a, as is more particularly visible on the figure 8 The fact that the pin 12b abuts against the projection 22b prevents any rotation of the lever around the axis A12, and thus causes a rotation of the mobile 1 by one angular step around the axis A1.

[0041] There figure 9 represents the calendar system during a second phase of the jump of the calendar indications. Finger 31 drives a tooth 1a of wheel 11 so that wheel 1 rotates by an additional angular step around axis A1. During this phase, wheel 6 also rotates by an angular step around axis A6, so that finger 6b drives a tooth 2a of month wheel 2, and thus allows rotation of wheel 2, in particular of cam 22 and display member 23, by an angular step.

[0042] During the first phase, finger 32 provides a force against jumper 7 until the latter restores the energy accumulated by its return spring. During the second phase, finger 31 provides a force against jumper 7, against jumper 8 (and against jumper 9 if the calendar system includes a day display device), until the latter restore the energy accumulated by their respective return spring. As seen previously, the torque produced by jumper 8 against mobile 2 is 2 times lower or 1.5 times lower than the torque produced by jumper 7 against mobile 1. Such a choice makes it possible to minimize the energy accumulated by accumulator 4, and thus makes it possible to minimize the amplitude variations of the oscillator of the movement driving the calendar system.Such a choice is favored by the fact that the inertia of the mobile 2 is minimized thanks to the fact that the cam 22 is integrated into the member 23, these elements being one within the same component 24.

[0043] As seen previously, in order to secure the operation of the calendar system, and in particular to avoid any risk of additional involuntary jump, the finger 6b is designed to remain in the toothing 2a of the wheel 2 once the date jump has been carried out. In this configuration, the finger 31 is also located in the toothing 1a of the wheel 11, and the roller 43 is located in a hollow 33b of the cam 33.

[0044] There figure 10 represents the calendar system on May 1, just after midnight, i.e. just after the jump of the calendar indications. The roller 43 is located in the hollow 33b of the cam 33, while the finger 6b is located in the toothing 2a and thus constitutes a stop against which a tooth 2a (successive to the one which has just been driven) is likely to stop.

[0045] THE figures 11 à 13 represent the calendar system when the date changes from May 30 to May 31. During a first phase of the jump in calendar indications illustrated by the figures 11 et 12 , the contact between the finger 32 and the tooth 12a retracts the lever 12 around the axis A12 because the pin 12b is free to move opposite a circular portion 22a of the month programming cam 22. The mobile 1 is therefore not driven in rotation around the axis A1. It is only when the finger 31 comes into contact with a tooth 1a of the wheel 11 that the mobile 1 is able to be driven by an angular step around the axis A1, thus generating the date change from May 30 to 31. As seen previously, the circular portions 22a are thus optional.

[0046] Whatever the embodiment or variant, the display member 23 is preferably a disc on which at least stops 22b can be machined or added (the portions 22a being optional in the operation of the calendar).

[0047] Whatever the embodiment or variant, the date display member is preferably a hand 13, which makes it possible to minimize the inertia of the mobile 1. Alternatively, the member 13 could be in the form of a disc.

[0048] Regardless of the embodiment or variant, the indication of other time information is optional. This may be, for example, an indication of the days as illustrated. Alternatively or additionally, it may, for example, be an indication of the moon phases. In the particular case of the day display shown in the illustrations, the finger 38 constitutes a stop for the pinion 51 after the date has passed, in particular the toothing 5a as shown in the figure 2 This operating principle thus makes it possible to reduce as much as possible the holding torque of the jumper 9, while avoiding any risk of additional involuntary jumping of the day display organ after the date has passed.

[0049] Whatever the embodiment or variant, the month wheel and / or the day wheel may comprise pinions with a single toothing (as is the case of the pinion 21 shown in the figures) or with doubled toothing (as is the case of the pinion 51 shown in the figures). In the latter case, the fact of doubling the toothing makes it possible to optimize each of the toothings with regard to their respective function. For example, the toothing 5a comprises a toothing 51a having a succession of notches in order to cooperate as best as possible with the finger 38 of the wheel 3, as well as a toothing 51b forming a star so as to cooperate as best as possible with the jumper beak 9.

[0050] Whatever the embodiment or variant, preferably, the driving of the mobile 1 (and of the lever 12) by the elements 31 and 32 is direct, and is therefore carried out independently of any intermediate rocker or any intermediate lever.

[0051] Whatever the embodiment or variant, the date wheel 1 can be pivoted around a first axis A1, the month wheel 2 can be pivoted around a second axis A2 and the drive wheel 3 can be pivoted around a third axis A3, the first axis A1, the second axis A2 and the third axis A3 preferably being distinct.

[0052] Whatever the embodiment or variant, the first axis A1 is preferably arranged at the center of the calendar system 100 and / or at the center of the watch movement 200 and / or at the center of the timepiece 300.

[0053] Whatever the embodiment or variant, the clock calendar system 100 may comprise a frame 99 (shown schematically in the figure 1 ) and the first and second axes may be fixed axes relative to the frame 99. In particular, the date wheel 1 may be pivoted directly on the frame 99 and the month cam may be pivoted directly on the frame 99.

[0054] Regardless of the embodiment or variant, the watch calendar system 100 may be arranged such that the second driving element 12 of the date wheel is freely retractable. By "freely retractable" is meant that the watch calendar system does not have a spring against which action must be taken to retract the second driving element 12 of the date wheel.

[0055] Whatever the embodiment or variant, the watch calendar system 100 can be arranged so that the second driving element 12 of the date wheel acts directly by contact with the month cam 22.

[0056] Regardless of the embodiment or variant, the mobile 2, in particular the mobile of months 2, may include: the indicator disc, in particular the indicator disc for months 23, and the cam, in particular the cam for months 22.

[0057] The mobile may have any combination of the following characteristics: The indicator disc and the cam may form a single-piece assembly obtained by machining the assembly from the mass or by assembling the indicator disc and the cam, in particular by gluing and / or welding and / or brazing. Thus, in certain embodiments, the indicator disc and the cam may be made of different materials. The cam may have an annular shape. As illustrated in the figure 5, the indicator disc 23 can be inscribed in a first cylinder of diameter D1, the cam 22 can be inscribed in a second cylinder of diameter D2 and the cam can have an opening 221 in which a third cylinder of diameter D3 can be inscribed, the diameters D1, D2 and D3 being such that D2 < D1, in particular D2 < 0.9 x D1, and D2>D3, in particular D2>D3 > 0.5 × D2, in particular D2>D3 > 0.8 × D2. The cam 22 can be an annual month cam (12-month cam, making a complete revolution in 12 months). The cam 22 can be arranged to rotate unidirectionally relative to the frame 99 around its axis A2, as possibly the other discs of the calendar system.

[0058] The date and month indications (and possibly days and moon phases) can be corrected using the stem or using dedicated correctors.

[0059] Preferably, throughout this application, by "instantaneous jump" we mean a jump lasting a few fractions of a second, typically of the order of about one hundredth of a second or about one twenty-fifth of a second or about one tenth of a second.

[0060] In other words, the solutions described above are remarkable in that: the month display organ is driven instantly under the effect of the restitution of energy accumulated by the energy accumulator and by the calendar cam, the calendar being simple, annual, or perpetual, which makes it possible to achieve the definition of a particularly efficient complete calendar, the month programming cam is off-center in relation to a date wheel, which makes it possible to achieve the definition of a particularly compact annual, or perpetual, calendar.

[0061] Advantageously, the cam is included in the month display organ, which allows for further compactness while minimizing the inertia of the month wheel.

[0062] The solutions are also remarkable in that the device for distinguishing short months from long months is further simplified compared to the desmodromic device known from application EP3567438A1, while being particularly compact thanks to the fact that the month programming cam is off-center relative to a date wheel and that this is, what is more, included in the month display member.

[0063] The solutions are simpler than that described in application EP3567438, thanks to the fact that the tooth or lever mounted movably or movable on the date wheel cooperates directly with a month programming cam that is off-center (or offset) relative to the date wheel, and this independently of any follower. Such an arrangement of month programming cam makes it possible to simplify, in particular to make more compact, the chain connecting the date wheel to the wheel supporting said programming cam, in particular with regard to that known from application CH685585.

[0064] Of course, throughout this document, by "an element inscribed in a cylinder having a diameter D" is meant that the diameter D is the smallest diameter such that the element is included in the cylinder. Similarly, throughout this document, by "a cylinder having a diameter D inscribed in an element" is meant that the diameter D is the largest diameter such that the cylinder is included in the element.

Claims

1. Clock calendar system (100), the system comprising: - a calendar wheel (1) pivoted around a first axis (A1);- a first element (32) for driving the date wheel, such as a finger, - a second element (12) for driving the date wheel, comprising for example a tooth (12a) for driving the date wheel, the second driving element (12) being mounted so as to be movable on the date wheel (1) between a retracted position and a driving position, and - a month cam (22) pivoted about a second axis (A2), the month cam (22) being arranged to cooperate with the second element (12) for driving the date wheel so as to, depending on the position of the month cam (22), authorize or prohibit the retraction of the second element (12) for driving the date wheel, and the first and second axes being distinct, the system comprising a frame (99) and the first and second axes are fixed axes relative to the frame (99).; 2. Timekeeping calendar system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in thatthe month cam (22) is arranged so that: - at least a first position of the month cam (22) allows the retraction of the second element (12) for driving the date wheel under the action of the first element (32) for driving the date wheel, and - at least a second position of the month cam (22) prevents, by direct contact of the month cam (22) with the second element (12) for driving the date wheel, the retraction of the second element (12) for driving the date wheel under the action of the first element (32) for driving the date wheel.

3. Clock calendar system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clock calendar system (100) comprises a month display member, the month display member and the month cam (22) forming a single component (24).

4. Clock calendar system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second element (12) for driving the date wheel comprises a lever pivoted around a third axis (A12) on the date wheel (1).

5. Clock calendar system (100) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the pivoting amplitude of the lever (12) around the third axis (A12) is approximately 7° or approximately 0.5 mm at the level of a conformation (12b) of the second element (12) for driving the date wheel, such as a pin (12b), intended to come into contact with the month cam (22).

6. Clock calendar system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe clock calendar system (100) comprises: - a first element (11a) for limiting the movement of the second element (12) for driving the date wheel relative to the date wheel (1), such as a pin, and - a second element (12c) for limiting the movement of the second element (12) for driving the date wheel relative to the date wheel (1), such as a light, the first and second limiting elements cooperating with each other.

7. Clock calendar system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the (100) clock calendar system is an annual or semi-perpetual or perpetual calendar system.

8. Clock calendar system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe clock calendar system (100) comprises an energy accumulation and restitution device comprising an energy accumulator (4) and a cam (33) so as to constitute a calendar system with instantaneous jump(s).

9. Clock calendar system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clock calendar system (100) comprises a wheel set (3) for driving the date wheel set (1), the drive wheel set including the first element (32) for driving the date wheel set (1) and a third element (31) for driving the date wheel set (1).

10. A clock calendar system (100) according to claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the clock calendar system (100) comprises the cam (33).

11. Clock calendar system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe mobile (3) driving the date mobile (1) is pivoted around a third axis (A3) distinct from the first axis (A1) and the second axis (A2), in particular parallel to the first axis (A1) and the second axis (A2).

12. Clock calendar system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system comprises: - a third element (31) for driving the date wheel, such as a finger or a pin, - a fourth element (1a) for driving the date wheel, comprising for example a toothing (1a) for driving the date wheel, in particular an external toothing (1a) for driving the date wheel.

13. Clock calendar system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system is arranged so that the second element (12) for driving the date wheel is freely retractable and / or in thatthe system is arranged so that the second element (12) for driving the date wheel acts directly by contact with the month cam (22).

14. Clock calendar system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe system comprises a month wheel (2) including: - a month indicator disc (23), and - the month cam (22), the month indicator disc and the month cam forming a single-piece assembly obtained by machining the assembly in the mass or by assembling the month indicator disc and the month cam, in particular by gluing and / or welding and / or brazing, and / or the month cam having an annular shape, and / or the indicator disc (23) being inscribed in a first cylinder of diameter D1, the cam (22) being inscribed in a second cylinder of diameter D2 and the cam having an opening (221) in which a third cylinder of diameter D3 can be inscribed, the diameters D1, D2 and D3 being such that D2 < D1, in particular D2 < 0.9 x D1, and D2>D3, in particular D2>D3 > 0.5 × D2, in particular D2>D3 > 0.8 × D2.

15. Watch movement (200) comprising a system according to one of the preceding claims.

16. Timepiece (300), in particular wristwatch, comprising a system (100) according to one of claims 1 to 14 and / or a watch movement according to claim 15.

17. A method of operating a watch calendar system (100) according to one of claims 1 to 14 or a watch movement (200) according to claim 15 or a timepiece (300) according to claim 16, the method comprising the following steps: - Positioning the month cam (22) in a first position, and action of the first element (32) for driving the date wheel on the second element (12) for driving the date wheel so as to drive the date wheel, and - Positioning the month cam (22) in a second position, and action of the first element (32) for driving the date wheel on the second element (12) for driving the date wheel so as to retract the second element (12) for driving the date wheel without driving the date wheel.

Images