Composite element for an insulating-glass panel

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composite element (10), in particular a composite element (10) for an insulating-glass panel, at least comprising a first panel element (20) and at least one second panel element (22) and at least one first profile element (30), wherein: the profile element (30) has at least one first connecting surface (32) and / or at least one second connecting surface (33); the first and / or the second connecting surface (32, 33) are / is provided and designed for applying and / or accommodating a first connecting means (40); adjacent to the first connecting surface (32) a third connecting surface (34) for applying and / or accommodating a second connecting means (50) is provided; and / or adjacent to the second connecting surface (33) a fourth connecting surface (35) for applying and / or accommodating a second connecting means (50) is provided; and the first panel element (20) and the second panel element (22) can be, or are, connected by means of the profile element (30) and the first connecting means (40) and / or the second connecting means (50); and the first connecting means (40) is a two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive, characterized in that the two-component adhesive contains at least two selected (meth)acrylate monomers in specific proportions and specific mass ratios to each other. The present invention also relates to an insulating-glass panel (100), a profile element (30), a window, a door, and to a method for producing a composite element or an insulating-glass panel (100).

Description

[0001] Composite element for an insulating glass pane

[0002] Technical area

[0003] The present invention relates to a composite element, in particular a composite element for an insulating glass pane, an insulating glass pane, a profile element, a window, a door and a method for producing a composite element or an insulating glass pane.

[0004] State of the art

[0005] Insulating glass panes are already known from the state of the art.

[0006] Multi-pane insulating glass (MIG), also known as thermally insulating glazing or insulated glazing, is a structural element composed of at least two panes of glass, for example, in windows. Between the panes is a cavity that is hermetically sealed and serves to insulate the room. Predecessors were double glazing without an airtight seal, the so-called composite window, and the double single glazing of casement windows or winter windows.

[0007] In contrast to other types of thermally insulating glazing, double glazing is a self-contained system that does not require a surrounding frame—usually a window sash—to function properly. This is achieved by means of an edge seal that holds the individual glass panes together at a distance and simultaneously hermetically seals the space between the panes. For many years, the space between the panes has not been filled with air, but rather with the more insulating noble gas argon, for example.

[0008] To minimize heat conduction through an insulating glass pane, the space between the panes can be increased. However, since gases transfer heat not only through conduction but also through convection as their volume increases, the thermal insulation deteriorates due to the trapped gas beyond a certain distance between the panes. To prevent this, an additional (third) pane of glass is usually installed within the insulating glass.

[0009] The edge seal has the task of mechanically holding the glass panes together at a distance and preventing gas filling from escaping and ambient air and humidity from penetrating instead.

[0010] At the beginning of the technical development of double-glazed units, a metal spacer was soldered between the two panes. Another method was to melt the edge of the glass and simultaneously crimp it, thus welding the individual panes together.

[0011] For decades, however, a two-stage bonded edge seal has been common practice. A 10 to 20 mm wide profile made of aluminum, stainless steel, or plastic – the so-called spacer – is coated on both sides with an adhesive layer of butyl rubber. This joins the panes together after they are tightly pressed together and simultaneously represents the first sealing layer. For example, DE 102 11 940 A1 describes a door leaf consisting of two glass panes in which the glass panes are connected by a profile arranged at the edges of the glass panes. A butyl material is provided between the profile and the glass pane as an adhesive and vapor barrier layer, protecting the interior of the door leaf from moisture penetrating from outside.

[0012] After filling the cavity between the panes with gas, the gap between the perimeter of the spacer and the protruding glass edges is sealed with a second, permanently elastic sealing layer made of polyurethane or special polysulfides. For facade elements exposed to UV light at this point, silicone is used, although this is more gas-permeable. An example of the use of sealing compounds made of polysulfide or silicone can be found in EP 0 852 280 A1, which deals with spacers for multi-pane insulating glazing. The spacers described therein are characterized by a metal foil applied to the entire bonding surface facing away from the glazing cavity.

[0013] The edge seal only guarantees the functionality of the insulating glass pane for a certain period of time, since the diffusion of gases through a bonded edge seal cannot be completely avoided. As a result, the thermal insulation value deteriorates continuously due to the escaping filling gas - the specification is a maximum of 1% gas loss per year - and ambient air and humidity penetrate. The literature states a service life of 20 to 30 years. To prevent penetrating moisture from forming as condensate in the space between the panes, a desiccant from the material family of silica gels or molecular sieves (zeolites) is incorporated into the spacer, as described, for example, in EP 0 228 641 A2. As soon as the desiccant is used up, the inside of the pane fogs up. This is referred to as a "dark pane".

[0014] The edge seal impairs the thermal insulation of an insulating glass pane. The thermal transmittance of insulating glass is specified as the Ug value (g = glazing) and does not take into account the effects of the edge seal. A 1 m x 1 m double-glazed pane with a conventional aluminum spacer (Psi value: 0.068 W / m2 K) and a Ug value of 1.2 W / m2 2 K would have a U-value of 1.2 W / m when including the effect of the edge seal 2 K + (4 m x 0.068 W / m«K) = 1.5 W / m 2 K

[0015] The impairment of the thermal insulation value at the edge of the pane also leads to the formation of water condensate at the inner edge of the pane at low outside temperatures. (Since older window elements often have high joint permeability, the condensate is dried by penetrating cold air and is then unnoticeable.) By using a thermally improved edge seal – the so-called warm edge with Psi values ​​of 0.03 W / m²K to 0.05 W / m²K – condensation only occurs at lower outside temperatures, depending on the Psi value and room humidity.

[0016] However, the known insulating glass panes with the aforementioned two-stage bonded edge seal suffer from the problem that these constructions are comparatively complex and massive in terms of the loads encountered, such as thermal expansion of the glass and the spacer, the weight of the glass, and traffic loads such as wind pressure, suction, and operating forces. These constructions are complex and expensive to manufacture and, due to the comparatively massive edge seals, add a high weight, which places additional demands, for example, on the fastening, especially for large-area insulating glazing. For aesthetic reasons, however, slimmer, more delicate insulating glass constructions with smaller and less noticeable edge seals are often desirable.

[0017] To solve this problem, new bonding solutions have been developed. WO 2014 / 184256 A1, for example, discloses a significantly improved composite element for insulating glass panes that is particularly shear-resistant, yet lightweight, stable, and cost-effective. This is achieved, among other things, through the use of two-component (meth)acrylate adhesives as structural adhesives for bonding the pane elements to the profile elements. SikaFast®-5211 is taught as a particularly suitable such adhesive. By using such adhesives with a high shear modulus and high strength, a particularly stable composite element can be produced that can be used without additional stiffening means, such as the commonly required frame profiles with large frame cross-sections. This allows for the production of lighter, slimmer, and more aesthetically pleasing composite elements, for example, for large-area glazing on buildings.

[0018] However, it has been shown that the solution disclosed in WO 2014 / 184256 A1, despite the significant improvements, still has certain disadvantages. While state-of-the-art two-component (meth)acrylate adhesives are significantly superior to conventional silicone adhesives in terms of strength and rigidity, making them highly suitable for use in composite elements, at particularly low temperatures, such as -20°C, even elastically optimized two-component (meth)acrylate adhesives become brittle and lose their elasticity. If, under such conditions, high stresses also occur in the composite element, for example, due to wind pressure or thermal expansion or contraction of the glass, this can lead to glass or adhesive breakage, as the cold-induced embrittlement of the adhesive can no longer compensate for the resulting stress forces.

[0019] Since very low temperatures such as -20°C can occur in colder regions during the winter, an improved two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive is required that can be used to produce a composite element as taught in WO 2014 / 184256 A1 and overcomes the disadvantages mentioned.

[0020] It is therefore the object of the present invention to advantageously further develop a composite element, in particular a composite element for an insulating glass pane, an insulating glass pane, a profile element, a window, a door and a method for producing a composite element or an insulating glass pane, in particular to the effect that an insulating glass pane can be provided which is particularly shear-resistant, but at the same time is light, stable and, due to the material savings, more cost-effective than most conventional insulating glass panes, and which, in addition, has improved stability against stress-related damage at very low temperatures compared to the prior art, as taught, for example, in WO 2014 / 184256 A1.

[0021] Description of the invention

[0022] This object is achieved according to the invention by a composite element having the features of claim 1.According to this, it is provided that a composite element comprises at least a first pane element and at least a second pane element as well as at least one first profile element, wherein the profile element has at least a first connecting surface and / or at least a second connecting surface, wherein the first and / or the second connecting surface is provided and designed for the application and / or reception of a first connecting means, wherein adjacent to the first connecting surface a third connecting surface is provided for the application and / or reception of a second connecting means and / or adjacent to the second connecting surface a fourth connecting surface is provided for the application and / or reception of a second connecting means, and wherein the first pane element and the second pane element are connectable or connected by means of the profile element and the first connecting means and / or the second connecting means.The first bonding agent is a two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive as defined in claim 1.

[0023] The composite element can, in particular, be a composite element for an insulating glass pane. The profile element can, for example, be the spacer of an insulating glass pane.

[0024] This results in the particular advantage that a composite element comprising at least a first and at least a second pane element, which can be used, for example, in conjunction with insulating glass panes for windows or doors, can be provided with particular shear strength, but at the same time is light, stable and, due to the material savings, more cost-effective, and is also resistant to stress damage even at very low temperatures, for example -20°C.

[0025] Due to its advantageous mechanical properties, the composite element according to the invention can be used without or with significantly reduced additional bracing measures, such as metal reinforcements in the window frame. This allows for narrower frames and larger pane elements, which increases light penetration due to the larger possible pane surface, reduces the known heat loss through metal reinforcements, and expands design freedom in the production of the insulating glass panes. Furthermore, production is possible with fewer work steps, which conserves resources, saves costs, and facilitates efficient, automated production.

[0026] The first and second pane elements can be, for example, glass panes or plastic panes.

[0027] The first bonding agent is a two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive, which two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive comprises:

[0028] - a component K1 comprising a) at least one monomer A according to formula (IIIa), where R 1 represents either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group;

[0029] R 2 either represents a linear or branched hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or represents a radical having 4 to 8 carbon atoms which comprises either a phenyl group or an aliphatic 5- or 6-membered ring having at least one ether oxygen in the ring structure; b) at least one monomer B according to formula (IIIb), where R 3 represents either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group;

[0030] R 4represents a linear alkyl radical having more than 12 carbon atoms in the chain and preferably at most 20 carbon atoms in the chain; c) preferably between 10% by weight and 20% by weight, based on component K1, of at least one elastomer C of the formula (I), where R represents either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;

[0031] X represents a polymeric polyol after removal of two OH groups; and Y represents O or NR", where R" represents a hydrocarbon radical or a hydrogen atom, preferably a hydrogen atom; and d) preferably at least one additive selected from the group consisting of core-shell polymer, free radical curing activator, free radical curing inhibitor, filler and adhesion promoter; with the proviso that component K1 contains between 25% by weight and 75% by weight, preferably between 40% by weight and 60% by weight, based on component K1, of the mixture of monomer A and monomer B, and with the proviso that the mass ratio of monomer A to monomer B in component K1 is between 1:1 and 9:1, preferably between 6:4 and 8:2;

[0032] - and a component K2 comprising at least one initiator for radical curing.

[0033] In this document, substance names beginning with “poly”, such as polyisocyanate, polyurethane, polyester or polyol, refer to substances that formally contain two or more of the functional groups appearing in their name per molecule.

[0034] In this document, the term "polymer" encompasses, on the one hand, a collective of chemically uniform macromolecules that differ in terms of degree of polymerization, molecular weight, and chain length, which were produced by a polyreaction (polymerization, polyaddition, polycondensation). On the other hand, the term also encompasses derivatives of such a collective of macromolecules from polyreactions, i.e., compounds obtained by reactions, such as additions or substitutions, of functional groups on given macromolecules and which may be chemically uniform or chemically heterogeneous. The term also encompasses so-called prepolymers, i.e., reactive oligomeric pre-adducts whose functional groups are involved in the construction of macromolecules.

[0035] In this document, the term "polymeric polyol" encompasses any polymer as defined above that has more than one hydroxyl group. Accordingly, the term "polymeric diol" encompasses any polymer that has exactly two hydroxyl groups. The term "polyurethane polymer" encompasses all polymers produced by the so-called diisocyanate polyaddition process. This also includes polymers that are almost or completely free of urethane groups. Examples of polyurethane polymers are polyether polyurethanes, polyester polyurethanes, polyether polyureas, polyureas, polyester polyureas, polyisocyanurates, and polycarbodiimides.

[0036] In this document, "molecular weight" means the defined and discrete molar mass (in grams per mole) of a molecule or part of a molecule, also referred to as the "residue." The "average molecular weight" is the number average M n a particularly polydisperse oligomeric or polymeric mixture of molecules or residues, which is usually determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) against polystyrene as a standard.

[0037] The term “(meth)acrylate” means “methacrylate” or “acrylate”.

[0038] A dashed line in the formulas in this document represents the bond between a substituent and the corresponding molecular residue, unless otherwise specified.

[0039] “Room temperature” is defined as a temperature of approximately 23°C.

[0040] Unless otherwise stated, all industry norms or standards cited in this document refer to the version of the industry norm or standard in effect at the time of filing the patent application. The terms "mass" and "weight" are used interchangeably in this document. Thus, a "weight percent" (wt%) refers to a percentage by mass, which, unless otherwise stated, refers to the mass (weight) of the entire composition or, depending on the context, the entire molecule.

[0041] The two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive used as the first bonding agent consists of a first component K1 and a second component K2.

[0042] Component K1 initially comprises at least one monomer A according to formula (IIIa), where R 1 represents either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group;

[0043] R 2either represents a linear or branched hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or represents a radical having 4 to 8 carbon atoms which comprises either a phenyl group or an aliphatic 5- or 6-membered ring having at least one ether oxygen in the ring structure.

[0044] R 1 in formula (IIIa) preferably represents a methyl group.

[0045] R 2 In a preferred embodiment, in formula (IIIa) represents a linear or branched hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. Examples of such monomers are hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA), hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), hydroxybutyl acrylate (HBA), or hydroxybutyl methacrylate (HBMA), preferably hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), with hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) being particularly preferred. R 2In another preferred embodiment, in formula (IIIa) represents a radical having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, which comprises an aliphatic 5- or 6-membered ring with one or two ether oxygens in the ring structure.

[0046] Most preferred is R 2 in formula (IIIa) represents a hydroxyethyl group or a benzyl group or at least one of the groups (IVa) to (IVc) in formula (IV), where the dashed lines in forms (IV) represent the bond between the oxygen atom and R 2 Examples of such monomers A are benzyl acrylate (BNA), benzyl methacrylate (BNMA), hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate (THFMA), as well as the isomer mixture glycerol formyl methacrylate («glycerol formal methacrylate» comprising the structures (IVb) and (IVc) in formula (IV); CAS No. 1620329-57-8), which is available from Evonik under the trade name GLYFOMA.

[0047] Most preferred monomers A are benzyl methacrylate (BNMA), tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate (THFMA), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and glycerol formyl methacrylate (GLYFOMA).

[0048] Of course, mixtures of these monomers A can also be used.

[0049] Component K1 further comprises at least one monomer B according to formula (IIIb), where R 3 represents either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group; and

[0050] R 4 represents a linear alkyl radical having more than 12 carbon atoms in the chain and preferably at most 20 carbon atoms in the chain.

[0051] R 3 in formula (111 b) preferably represents a methyl group.

[0052] R 4in formula (IIIb) preferably represents a linear alkyl radical having 13 to 18 carbon atoms in the chain. If a mixture of different chain lengths is present in the radical R 4 is present, the average value of the chain lengths is formally considered as a measure of the effective chain length in R 4 .

[0053] Examples of such monomers B are lauryl tetradecyl acrylate (LATEA), lauryl tetradecyl methacrylate (LATEMA), stearyl acrylate (STEA), and stearyl methacrylate (STEMA). Lauryl tetradecyl methacrylate (LATEMA) and stearyl methacrylate (STEMA) are most preferred.

[0054] Component K1 contains between 25 wt.% and 75 wt.%, preferably between 40 wt.% and 60 wt.%, based on component K1, of the mixture of monomer A and monomer B.

[0055] The mass ratio of monomer A to monomer B in component K1 is to be set between 1:1 and 9:1, preferably between 6:4 and 8:2.

[0056] Within these limits, it is possible to achieve improved elasticity both at room temperature and at very low temperatures down to -20 °C.

[0057] In particular, the two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive contains no further monomers than the monomers A and B described above. Component K1 further preferably contains between 10 wt.% and 20

[0058] % by weight, based on component K1, of at least one elastomer C of formula (I), where R represents either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;

[0059] X represents a polymeric polyol after removal of two OH groups; and Y represents O or NR", where R" represents a hydrocarbon radical or a hydrogen atom, preferably a hydrogen atom.

[0060] The elastomer C of formula (I) preferably has an average molecular weight of 1,000 to 40,000 g / mol, in particular of 1,000 to 30,000 g / mol, preferably of 1,000 to 20,000 g / mol.

[0061] In the elastomer C of formula (I), the radical X represents a polymeric polyol after removal of two OH groups, this polymeric polyol being in particular a polyalkylene polyol, a polyoxyalkylene polyol or a polyurethane polyol; a polyhydroxy-functional ethylene-propylene, ethylene-butylene or ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer; a polyhydroxy-functional copolymer of dienes such as 1,3-butanediene or diene mixtures and vinyl monomers such as styrene, acrylonitrile or isobutylene; a polyhydroxy-functional polybutadiene polyol; a polyhydroxy-functional acrylonitrile / butadiene copolymer; or a polysiloxane polyol.

[0062] Polyhydroxy-terminated acrylonitrile / butadiene copolymers are typically prepared from carboxyl-terminated acrylonitrile / butadiene copolymers, which are commercially available, for example, under the name Hycar® CTBN from Emerald Performance Materials, LLC, USA, and epoxides or amino alcohols.

[0063] Suitable elastomers C of formula (I) are, for example, commercially available from Kraton Polymers, USA, or under the trade names Hycar® VTB and Hycar® VTBNX from Emerald Performance

[0064] Materials, LLC, USA.

[0065] In particular, the polymeric polyol is a polymeric diol PD.

[0066] The elastomer C of formula (I) is preferably a polyurethane (meth)acrylate. Such compounds are typically prepared from the reaction of at least one diol D with at least one diisocyanate and a (meth)acrylic acid, a (meth)acrylamide, or a (meth)acrylic acid ester containing a hydroxyl group.

[0067] In a first process, this reaction can be carried out by reacting the diol D and the diisocyanate using conventional methods, for example at temperatures of 50 °C to 100 °C, optionally using suitable catalysts, whereby care must be taken to ensure that the NCO groups are present in stoichiometric excess over the OH groups.The isocyanate group-terminated polyurethane polymer resulting from this reaction is then reacted with a (meth)acrylic acid, a (meth)acrylamide or with a (meth)acrylic acid ester which has a hydroxyl group, in particular with a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate such as hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA), hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), hydroxybutyl acrylate (HBA) or hydroxybutyl methacrylate (HBMA), preferably with hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), or with a monohydroxypoly(meth)acrylate of a polyol, preferably glycerol or trimethylolpropane, to form a polyurethane (meth)acrylate.

[0068] In a second process, diol D can be reacted with the diisocyanate, with the OH groups present in stoichiometric excess over the NCO groups. The hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane polymer resulting from this reaction can be esterified with a (meth)acrylic acid to form elastomer C of formula (I).

[0069] Another method for producing elastomer C is, in a first step, to react the (meth)acrylic acid, the (meth)acrylamide or the (meth)acrylic acid ester which has a hydroxyl group, in particular hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate such as hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA), hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), hydroxybutyl acrylate (HBA) or hydroxybutyl methacrylate (HBMA), preferably hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), or a monohydroxypoly(meth)acrylate of a polyol, preferably glycerol or trimethylolpropane, with at least one diisocyanate, which is used in an amount such that the NCO groups are present in excess of the OH groups. In a subsequent reaction, the resulting intermediate product containing an isocyanate group is reacted with at least one diol D to form elastomer C of formula (I).

[0070] It is also possible to produce elastomer C of formula (I) by esterifying a (meth)acrylic acid with a diol D, where the diol is present in stoichiometric excess. In a subsequent reaction, the partially esterified diol D reacts with a diisocyanate to form elastomer C of formula (I).

[0071] Preferred diols D are polyoxyalkylenediols, also called "polyetherdiols," polyesterdiols, polycarbonatediols, and mixtures thereof. The most preferred diols are polyoxyethylenediols, polyoxypropylenediols, or polyoxybutylenediols.

[0072] The polyoxyalkylenediols can have different degrees of unsaturation (measured according to ASTM D-2849-69 and expressed as milliequivalents of unsaturation per gram of polyol (mEq / g)). Those with a low degree of unsaturation are produced using so-called double metal cyanide complex catalysts (DMC catalysts), for example. Those with a higher degree of unsaturation are produced using anionic catalysts such as NaOH, KOH, CsOH, or alkali metal alkoxides.

[0073] The use of polyoxyalkylenediols with low unsaturation levels, especially less than 0.01 mEq / g, is preferred for diols with a molecular weight of > 2000 g / mol.

[0074] In principle, all diisocyanates are suitable as diisocyanates. Examples mentioned are 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 2-methylpentamethylene-1,5-diisocyanate, 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (TMDI), 1,12-dodecamethylene diisocyanate, lysine and lysine ester diisocyanate, cyclohexane-1,3-diisocyanate, cyclohexane-1,4-diisocyanate, 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethyl-cyclohexane (= isophorone diisocyanate or IPDI), perhydro-2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and perhydro-4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,4-diisocyanato-2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexane (TMCDI), 1,3- and 1,4-bis-(isocyanatomethyl)-cyclohexane, m- and p-xylylene diisocyanate (m- and p-XDI), m- and p-tetramethyl-1,3-xylylene diisocyanate, m- and p-tetramethyl-1,4-xylylene diisocyanate, bis-(1-isocyanato-1-methylethyl)-naphthalene, 2,4- and 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), 4,4'-, 2,4'- and 2,2'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), 1,3- and 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-Diisocyanatobenzene, naphthalene-1,5-diisocyanate (NDI), 3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenyl (TODI); oligomers and polymers of the aforementioned isocyanates, as well as any mixtures of the aforementioned isocyanates. The preferred diisocyanate is 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane (IPDI).

[0075] Most preferably, elastomer C is a polyurethane (meth)acrylate, in particular preparable from the reaction of at least one diol D, in particular a polyoxypropylene diol, with at least one diisocyanate and a (meth)acrylic acid ester which has a hydroxyl group, wherein the diol D reacts with a diisocyanate, in particular isophorone diisocyanate, which is present in stoichiometric excess; and the resulting isocyanate-terminated polyurethane is reacted with the (meth)acrylic acid ester which has a hydroxyl group, in particular with a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate, preferably with hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HE MA) to give elastomer C of formula (I).

[0076] A particularly preferred embodiment of component K1 contains tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate (THFMA) as monomer A, lauryl tetradecyl methacrylate (LATEMA) and / or stearyl methacrylate (STEMA) as monomer B, and in particular no further monomers, and a polyurethane (meth)acrylate as elastomer C. Another particularly preferred embodiment of component K1 contains glycerol formyl methacrylate (GLYFOMA) as monomer A, lauryl tetradecyl methacrylate (LATEMA) and / or stearyl methacrylate (STEMA) as monomer B, and in particular no further monomers, and a polyurethane (meth)acrylate as elastomer C.

[0077] A further particularly preferred embodiment of component K1 contains hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as monomer A, lauryl tetradecyl methacrylate (LATEMA) and / or stearyl methacrylate (STEMA) as monomer B and in particular no further monomers, and a polyurethane (meth)acrylate as elastomer C.

[0078] A further particularly preferred embodiment of component K1 contains benzyl methacrylate (BNMA) as monomer A, lauryl tetradecyl methacrylate (LATEMA) and / or stearyl methacrylate (STEMA) as monomer B and in particular no further monomers, and a polyurethane (meth)acrylate as elastomer C.

[0079] The adhesive preferably additionally contains in component K1 between 0.5 wt.% and 5 wt.%, based on component K1, of an adhesion promoter, in particular an organosilane, and / or a metal (meth)acrylate or a (meth)acrylate of the formula (II).

[0080] The radical R' represents either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, n represents a value from 1 to 15, in particular from 1 to 5, preferably from 1 to 3, m represents a value from 1 to 3, and p represents a value of 3 minus m. Preferred metal (meth)acrylates are metal (meth)acrylates of calcium, magnesium, or zinc, which contain a hydroxyl group and / or (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrylate as a ligand or anion. Particularly preferred metal (meth)acrylates are zinc (meth)acrylate, calcium (meth)acrylate, Zn(OH)(meth)acrylate, and magnesium (meth)acrylate.

[0081] Preferred (meth)acrylates of the formula (II) are 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphate, bis(2-methacryloyloxyethyl) phosphate and tris(2-methacryloyloxyethyl) phosphate and mixtures thereof.

[0082] Preferred organosilanes are epoxy-functional silanes, especially 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0083] Adhesion promoters are used to improve adhesion to specific substrates. The use of phosphorus-containing (meth)acrylates according to formula (II) is particularly advantageous for metal surfaces (aluminum, anodized aluminum, etc.).

[0084] Organosilanes improve adhesion to glass and ceramic surfaces. Metal (meth)acrylates are also advantageous for bonding, for example, to metal surfaces.

[0085] Of course, mixtures of different adhesion promoters can also be used.

[0086] The proportion of the adhesion promoter, if present, in component K1 is preferably between 1 and 3 wt.%, based on component K1

[0087] Furthermore, the adhesive in component K1 can preferably additionally contain at least one core-shell polymer. Core-shell polymers consist of an elastic core polymer (core) and a rigid shell polymer (shell). Particularly suitable core-shell polymers consist of a rigid shell of a rigid thermoplastic polymer grafted onto a core of crosslinked elastic acrylate or butadiene polymer. Particularly suitable core-shell polymers are those that swell in monomer A and / or comonomer B but do not dissolve in them.

[0088] Preferred core-shell polymers are so-called MBS polymers, which are commercially available, for example, under the trade name Clearstrength® from Arkema Inc., USA, or Paraloid® from Rohm and Haas, USA. The core-shell polymers are preferably used in an amount of 0.01 to 30 wt. %, in particular 5 to 20 wt. %, based on component K1.

[0089] Furthermore, the two-component adhesive can preferably additionally contain at least one activator for radical curing, also referred to as a catalyst, in component K1. The activator is in particular a tertiary amine, a transition metal salt, or a transition metal complex. Examples of suitable tertiary amines are N,N-dimethylaniline, N,N-diethylaniline, N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine, N,N-diethyl-p-toluidine, N-methyl-N-hydroxyethyl-p-toluidine, N,Nb / s(2-hydroxyethyl)-p-toluidine, as well as alkoxylated N,Nb / s(hydroxyethyl)-p-toluidines, N-ethoxylated p-toluidine, N-alkylmorpholine, and mixtures thereof. Transition metal salts and transition metal complexes are, for example, salts and complexes of cobalt, nickel, copper, manganese, or vanadium. Mixtures of such substances can also be used as activators. The most preferred activator is N,N-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-para-toluidine.

[0090] The activator is preferably used in an amount of 0.01 to 2.5 wt.%, in particular 0.5 to 2.5 wt.%, based on component K1.

[0091] The two-component adhesive preferably additionally contains a radical curing inhibitor in component K1. These are substances that slightly slow down or moderate the radical curing mechanisms or inhibit undesirable curing reactions (e.g., UV light- or atmospheric oxygen-induced mechanisms), leading to improved storage stability and / or more controlled, uniform curing.

[0092] Component K1 preferably contains between 0.001% by weight and 0.5% by weight, based on component K1, of at least one inhibitor for radical curing, in particular an alkylated phenol, preferably 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol.

[0093] Furthermore, component K1 can preferably additionally contain at least one filler. Particularly suitable are natural, ground or precipitated calcium carbonates (chalks), optionally coated with fatty acids, especially stearates, montmorillonites, bentonites, barium sulfate (BaSO4, also called barite or barite), calcined kaolins, quartz powder, aluminum oxides, aluminum hydroxides, silicas, especially pyrogenic silicas, modified castor oil derivatives, and polymer powders or polymer fibers. Calcium carbonates are preferred, and coated calcium carbonates are most preferred.

[0094] The filler is usually used in an amount of 0.01 to 35 wt.%, in particular 5 to 30 wt.%, preferably 15 to 25 wt.%, based on component K1.

[0095] The second component, K2, of the two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive comprises at least one initiator for radical curing. The initiator is a radical generator that forms reactive radicals, which trigger the radical curing mechanism of the monomers in component K1.

[0096] Particularly suitable as such radical formers are molecules which form radicals under the influence of heat or electromagnetic radiation, which then lead to the polymerization of the composition.

[0097] Thermally activated radical formers and photoinitiators are considered to be radical formers.

[0098] Thermally activatable free radical generators are particularly preferred, as are those that are still sufficiently stable at room temperature but already form free radicals at slightly elevated temperatures. Such a free radical generator is particularly a peroxide, a perester, or a hydroperoxide. Organic peroxides are preferred. Dibenzoyl peroxide is most preferred.

[0099] Photoinitiators are radical generators that form radicals under the influence of electromagnetic radiation. A photoinitiator that forms radicals upon irradiation with electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 230 nm to 400 nm and is liquid at room temperature is particularly suitable.

[0100] The photoinitiator is particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of a-hydroxy ketones, phenyl glyoxylates, monoacylphosphines, diacylphosphines, phosphine oxides and mixtures thereof, in particular 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropanone, methyl phenyl glyoxylate, oxyphenyl acetic acid 2-[2-oxo-2-phenyl-acetoxy-ethoxy]ethyl ester, oxyphenyl acetic acid 2-[2-hydoxy-ethoxy]ethyl ester, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide and mixtures thereof. Such photoinitiators are commercially available, for example, from the IRGACURE® and DAROCUR® product lines from Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Switzerland. Mixtures of photoinitiators can also be used.

[0101] Component K2 of the two-component adhesive preferably contains between 5% by weight and 75% by weight, based on component K2, of at least one initiator for radical curing, which is in particular a thermally activatable radical former, preferably a peroxide, a hydroperoxide or a perester, most preferably dibenzoyl peroxide, or which is a photoinitiator, in particular a photoinitiator which forms radicals when irradiated with electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of 230 nm to 400 nm.

[0102] The most preferred initiator in component K2 is dibenzoyl peroxide.

[0103] This is preferably used dispersed in a plasticizer. Component K2 of the two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive preferably additionally contains at least one additive selected from the group consisting of plasticizer, filler, thixotopic additive, and dye, in particular all of these additives.

[0104] Suitable plasticizers include all non-reactive substances that are liquid at room temperature and are commonly used in (meth)acrylate compositions for this purpose. Suitable fillers include, for example, the same fillers described for component K1.

[0105] Non-reactive organic dyes and pigments are suitable as colorants. All such additives commonly used in (meth)acrylate compositions are suitable as thixotropic additives.

[0106] The adhesive described may optionally contain additional ingredients in one or both components. Such additional ingredients include toughness modifiers, dyes, pigments, inhibitors, UV and heat stabilizers, metal oxides, antistatic agents, flame retardants, biocides, plasticizers, waxes, flow control agents, adhesion promoters, thixotropic agents, spacers, and other common raw materials and additives known to those skilled in the art.

[0107] The first bonding agent is a two-component (meth)acrylate composition, the two components of which, K1 and K2, are stored separately until application. The first component, K1, contains, in particular, those ingredients of the described composition that contain radically polymerizable groups. The second component, K2, contains, in particular, the radical formers, also known as initiators. Furthermore, other components, particularly those that impair the storage stability of the composition through reaction with one another, can also be stored separately in a two-component composition.

[0108] Typically, such two-component (meth)acrylate adhesives contain component K1, which includes monomers, elastomers, core-shell polymers, catalysts, adhesion promoters, pigments, and fillers, while component K2 contains free-radical initiators, pigments, and fillers. The mixing ratio of K1 to K2 is typically in the range of 1:1 to 10:1.

[0109] The two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive described above, used as the first bonding agent, exhibits high strength and rigidity, as well as sufficiently high elasticity, across a very broad temperature range, covering the application range of insulating glass panes. It exhibits high elasticity at room temperature and, at the same time, sufficiently high strength and rigidity to stabilize the composite element against stresses and wind loads, for example, without the need for additional bracing. Furthermore, it is still sufficiently elastic even at very low temperatures, for example, down to -20 °C, and can outperform conventional (meth)acrylate adhesives in this regard. Furthermore, the two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive can be formulated without volatile, strongly unpleasant-smelling monomers such as methyl methacrylate (MMA).The elongations at break of the two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive used according to the invention, measured according to DIN EN 53504, are at least 100%, preferably at least 150%, in particular at least 200% or higher at room temperature (23°C). At the same time, the two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive used according to the invention exhibits elongations at break of at least 20%, preferably at least 25%, in particular at least 30% or higher at a temperature of -20°C, which represents a significant improvement over typical two-component (meth)acrylate adhesives of the prior art.

[0110] The second bonding agent is or preferably comprises at least partially polyisobutylene (PIB).

[0111] In some embodiments, the second connecting means may also consist partially or entirely of the same material as the first connecting means, i.e., of a two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive as described above. This may be identical to the adhesive of the first connecting means, or it may be a different embodiment of the described two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive of the first connecting means.

[0112] A composite element according to the invention with a two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive designed according to the invention as the first bonding agent offers, among other advantages, the possibility of achieving a particularly shear-resistant structure. By using such an adhesive as the first bonding agent, a significantly higher stiffness of the composite element can be achieved while simultaneously using less material compared to conventional adhesives such as silicones. In addition, the bonding agent also exhibits improved low-temperature stability compared to prior-art (meth)acrylate adhesives.

[0113] In general, the stiffer the adhesive, the more shear-resistant the bond, but also the stresses in the glass and the bond. High stresses can lead to glass and adhesive breakage. Stresses can arise from the difference in thermal expansion between the glass and the spacer, the weight of the glass itself, and traffic loads such as wind pressure, suction, and operating forces.

[0114] It is therefore particularly important to select the stiffness of the adhesive so that, with an optimal bond, acceptable stresses are still transferred between the glass and the adhesive. The two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive composed and used according to the invention exhibits particularly advantageous properties in this regard, as it exhibits the necessary stiffness even at very low temperatures, but also sufficient elasticity to absorb and transmit the tensile forces. At the same time, it possesses the other mechanical properties required for use as the first bonding agent in the context of this invention. Important technical values ​​therefore include, for example, the shear modulus of the adhesive, which is also temperature-dependent, as well as tensile strength and adhesion force.Furthermore, the coefficient of thermal expansion between the glass and the spacer, temperature differences between pane production and use, wind loads depending on the glass surface, dead weight depending on glass thickness and surface area, and stresses due to installation and use must also be considered. This type of structural glass bonding, for example, can achieve particularly gentle glazing and reduce the risk of glass breakage.

[0115] Furthermore, it is conceivable that the first and / or the second connecting surface is at least partially formed as a recess, in particular as a recess which is designed such that it is set back relative to the third and / or fourth connecting surface, in particular is set back relative to the support surface on the first or second disc element.

[0116] The recess can be a joint or a stepped depression, for example. The smaller the joint height, the more shear-resistant the bond. However, as the joint height decreases, the stress in the adhesive and glass increases. The calculation is therefore not linear. Corner areas can be particularly critical because this is where the highest stresses can occur. At the same time, the joint width plays a comparatively minor role in the shear-resistant bond. By dimensioning the joint width, the stress in the adhesive and glass can be controlled. The larger the area (resulting from the joint width and circumference), the lower the stress in the adhesive joint and between the adhesive and glass.

[0117] Increased stiffness of the composite element is particularly advantageous when, for example, the composite element is used as an insulating glass pane and deflection or deflections may occur as a result of wind loads. This can occur, for example, in the split area of ​​two-part windows or in the non-supported area of ​​facades. In this case, it may be necessary, for example, to structurally support the central area, which has so far been achieved according to the state of the art by using larger frame cross-sections or additional stiffeners in the frame profile. The design basis for the deflection must meet the condition <l / 200 genügen, wobei I die Länge der Glaskante ist. Mit schubfest verbundenem Glas gemäß einer erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktion mit einem Verbundelement bzw.In an advantageous embodiment, the previously necessary additional stiffeners can be dispensed with entirely or partially, and / or frame cross-sections can be reduced or made larger while maintaining the same frame cross-sections and stiffeners. This leads to significant material savings and is also visually attractive.

[0118] It should be noted that the larger the gap between the panes, the stiffer the glass becomes. The calculation is not linear; the distance is factored into the calculation to the third power.

[0119] Furthermore, it can be provided that the profile element has a box-like base body with respect to its cross-section. The base body can form its box-like shape with respect to its cross-section, for example, by the base body having a substantially rectangular or square cross-section. It is also conceivable for the base body to be at least partially hollow on the inside or to have and / or form a cavity, wherein, for example, the cavity is at least partially permeable and / or perforated and wherein, for example, the cavity is at least partially filled with a hygroscopic material. Furthermore, the cavity can be coated with a metal foil, at least on the side opposite the space between the glass units, or the metal foil can be integrated into the matrix, which increases the water and gas diffusion tightness and thus extends the service life of the multi-pane insulating glass unit (MIG).It is also possible for a first web and / or a second web to be formed on the base body, wherein at least one side wall of the first web at least partially forms the first connecting surface and / or wherein at least one side wall of the second web at least partially forms the first connecting surface.

[0120] Furthermore, it can be provided that the first pane element and the second pane element are made at least partially of glass, and the profile element is made at least partially of glass-fiber-reinforced material, in particular at least partially of glass-fiber composite material, preferably at least partially of glass-fiber-reinforced plastic. This results in the advantage that both the pane elements and the profile element have a substantially identical coefficient of thermal expansion. This, in turn, has the advantage that stresses resulting from heat can be minimized.

[0121] Furthermore, the present invention relates to an insulating glass pane having the features of claim 10. According to this, it is provided that an insulating glass pane is provided with at least one composite element according to one of claims 1 to 9.

[0122] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a profile element having the features of claim 11. It is accordingly provided that a profile element is formed having the profile element features according to one of claims 1 to 9.

[0123] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a window having the features of claim 12. According to this, it is provided that a window is provided with at least one composite element according to one of claims 1 to 9 and / or with at least one insulating glass pane according to claim 10 and / or with at least one profile element according to claim 11. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a door having the features of claim 13. According to this, it is provided that a door is provided with at least one composite element according to one of claims 1 to 9 and / or with at least one insulating glass pane according to claim 10 and / or with at least one profile element according to claim 11.

[0124] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing a composite element having the features of claim 14. According to this method, for producing a composite element, in particular a composite element for an insulating glass pane, at least one first pane element and at least one second pane element as well as at least one first profile element are joined together by adhesive bonding, wherein the profile element has at least one first connecting surface and / or at least one second connecting surface, wherein the first and / or the second connecting surface is provided and designed for applying and / or receiving a first connecting means,wherein adjacent to the first connecting surface, a third connecting surface is provided for applying and / or receiving a second connecting means and / or adjacent to the second connecting surface, a fourth connecting surface is provided for applying and / or receiving a second connecting means, and wherein the first pane element and the second pane element are connected by means of the profile element and the first connecting means and optionally the second connecting means, wherein the composite element has the features according to one of claims 1 to 9.

[0125] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing an insulating glass pane having the features of claim 15. It is then provided that for producing an insulating glass pane, at least one composite element according to one of claims 1 to 9 or a composite element obtained by the method according to claim 14 is used. Brief description of the drawing

[0126] In the following, embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0127] They show:

[0128] Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a part of an insulating glass according to the invention in cross section.

[0129] Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a part of another insulating glass according to the invention in cross section.

[0130] Only the elements essential for a direct understanding of the invention are shown.

[0131] Way to implement the invention

[0132] Figure 1 and Figure 2 show two embodiments of an insulating glass pane 100 with at least one composite element 10 formed by the pane elements 20 and 22 and the profile element 30.

[0133] In the embodiments shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the insulating glass pane 100 comprises a third pane element 24 and a further profile element 30, which connects the third pane element 24 to the pane element 22. The two profile elements 30 are identical in construction within the respective embodiment, but differ between the two

[0134] Embodiments. The embodiment in Figure 1 has, in addition to a box-like cross-section base body 36, a first web 38 and a second web 39, which are described further below. The embodiment in Figure 2 has only a box-like cross-section base body 36. The embodiment in Figure 1 can also be designed such that the first web 38 and the second web 39 are mounted above the base body 36.

[0135] In all embodiments, it is conceivable that the space between the disc elements 20, 22, 24 is filled with a gas. Such a gas could be argon, for example.

[0136] The second and third pane elements 22, 24, together with the further profile element located therebetween, form a further composite element 10', which is essentially identical to the first composite element 10 and which will now be described in detail below:

[0137] The composite element comprises the first disc element 20 and a second disc element 22 as well as the first profile element 30 or spacer 30. The profile element 30 has a first connecting surface 32 and a second connecting surface 33, wherein the first and second connecting surfaces 32, 33 are provided and designed for applying and receiving a first connecting means 40.

[0138] In all embodiments, the first bonding agent 40 is a two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive as defined in claim 1, for example, composition E1 as described below. Calculations and tests with the embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 2 and with the inventive embodiments of the two-component adhesive described below have shown that approximately 10 times higher rigidity can be achieved compared to conventional constructions without (meth)acrylate adhesives. At the same time, a significantly higher low-temperature elasticity and thus stress fracture resistance of the bond is achieved than with prior art constructions based on conventional (meth)acrylate adhesives.The first and second connecting surfaces 32, 33 are formed as a recess which is designed such that it is set back from the third and / or fourth connecting surfaces 34, 35 with respect to the support surface on the first and second disc elements 20, 22, respectively.

[0139] The depression here is a joint or a stepped depression. The smaller the joint height x, the more shear-resistant the bond becomes. However, as the joint height x decreases, the stress in the adhesive and glass increases. The calculation is therefore not linear. The corner areas can be particularly critical because the highest stresses can occur there. At the same time, the joint width y plays a comparatively minor role in the shear-resistant bond. By dimensioning the joint width y, the stress in the adhesive and glass can be controlled. Here, the larger the area (resulting from the joint width and circumference), the lower the stress in the adhesive joint and between the adhesive 40 and the glass of the pane elements 20, 22.

[0140] Adjacent to the first connecting surface 32, a third connecting surface 34 is provided for applying and / or receiving a second connecting means 50, and adjacent to the second connecting surface 33, a fourth connecting surface 35 is provided for applying and / or receiving a second connecting means 50.

[0141] In both embodiments shown, the first disc element 20 and the second disc element 22 are connected by means of the profile element 30 and the first connecting means 40 and the second connecting means 50, here polyisobutylene (PIB).

[0142] In both embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 2, the profile element 30 has a box-like base body 36 with respect to its cross-section. The base body 36 is at least partially hollow inside and has a cavity 37. The cavity 37 is at least partially permeable and perforated and filled with a hygroscopic material. This allows moisture to be absorbed.

[0143] In the embodiment according to Figure 1, a first web 38 and a second web 39 are formed on the base body 36, with a side wall of the first web 38 at least partially forming the first connecting surface 32 and a side wall of the second web 39 at least partially forming the second connecting surface 33. However, embodiments are also possible in which the first web 38 and the second web 39 are mounted above the base body 36.

[0144] Furthermore, in embodiments with a first web 38 and a second web 39, the webs can be designed at least partially to have a certain degree of mobility and can thus compensate for tension forces that can occur, for example, when there are large pressure differences between the gas in the space between the disk elements 20, 22, 24 and the air pressure. This makes it possible to achieve additional stability. Such mobility can be achieved, for example, by having a thinner wall thickness in at least one place in the respective web, which allows controlled, reversible bending ability. It is also possible to manufacture the respective web partially from a softer, more elastic material, so that bending ability is achieved in the area of ​​this material.

[0145] The first pane element 20 and the second pane element 22 (and also the third pane element 24) are each at least partially made of glass in both embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 2, and the profile element 30 is also made of glass-fiber-reinforced plastic. List of reference symbols

[0146] 10 Composite element

[0147] 10' composite element

[0148] 20 first disc element

[0149] 22 second disc element

[0150] 24 third disc element

[0151] 30 profile elements

[0152] 32 first connecting surface

[0153] 33 second connecting surface

[0154] 34 third connecting surface

[0155] 35 fourth connecting surface

[0156] 36 basic bodies

[0157] 37 Cavity

[0158] 38 first bridge

[0159] 39 second bridge

[0160] 40 first connecting means

[0161] 50 second connecting means

[0162] 100 insulating glass pane x joint height y joint width

[0163] Examples of the first connecting means

[0164] The following describes exemplary embodiments of the two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive for the first bonding agent, revealing its preparation and demonstrating its essential properties. Monomers used

[0165] Table 1 : Monomers used. 1 Monomer A according to the present invention. 2 Monomer B according to the present invention.

[0166] Production of an elastomer C

[0167] The elastomer C1 was prepared as follows:

[0168] 849 g of polyoxypropylene diol (Acclaim® 4200 N, Bayer Materialscience; OH number 28.5 KOH / g) and 101 g of 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane (= isophorone diisocyanate or IPDI; Desmodur® !, Bayer Materialscience) were reacted at 60 °C to form an isocyanate-terminated polyurethane polymer with a titrimetrically determined free isocyanate group content of 1.88 wt.%. Subsequently, 10 g of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were added, which reacted with the free isocyanate groups to form elastomer C1 of formula (I).

[0169] Preparation of the compositions

[0170] The following compositions were prepared:

[0171] As component K1 to be tested, the ingredients listed in Tables 2 and 3 were mixed together in the specified amounts in a dissolver at a maximum temperature of 80 °C and stirred until a macroscopically homogeneous paste was obtained.

[0172] As component K2, 46.5 wt.% dibenzoyl peroxide (20%) in plasticizer, 50 wt.% chalk, 3 wt.% thixotropic agent, and 0.5 wt.% of a pigment were mixed together in a dissolver. This component K2 was used in all tests in the same way as the respective component K1 from Tables 2 and 3.

[0173] The manufactured components K1 and K2 were filled into the separate chambers of coaxial cartridges and used in a volume ratio K1 : K2 of 10 : 1.

[0174] In addition, a commercial two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive of the state of the art, SikaFast®-5211 (Sika Switzerland), was tested in the same way as a comparison.

[0175] Description of the test methods

[0176] Tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (Elongation at Break, Elong) were determined according to DIN EN 53504 (tensile speed: 200 mm / min) on films with a layer thickness of 2 mm, which were cured for 7 days under standard conditions (23±1 °C, 50±5% relative humidity). The measurements were performed on test specimens stored at room temperature of 23 °C (RT) and on test specimens of the same composition that were stored at -20 °C for 24 hours after curing and measured directly from the cold room (-20 °C).

[0177] Elongation at break is a direct measure of the elasticity of a measured sample. Samples that exhibited an elongation at break of at least 100% in the "RT" measurement and, at the same time, an elongation at break of at least 20% in the "-20" measurement are considered suitable for use as the first fastener according to the invention. The results of the elongation at break measurements are summarized in Table 4.

[0178]

[0179] Table 2: Components K1 according to the invention (E1 to E2) and reference components K1 (R1 to R6). All figures are in percent by weight, based on the respective component K1. 1 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol; 2 Kane Ace™ B382 (Kaneka); 3 Socal® U1S2 (Solvay); 4 N,N-Bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-para-toluidine.

[0180] Table 3: Components K1 according to the invention (E3 to E5) and reference components K1 (R7 to R11). All figures are in percent by weight, based on the respective component K1.1 2,6-Di-tert.butyl-p-cresol; 2 Kane Ace™ B382 (Kaneka); 3 Socal® U1S2 (Solvay); 4 N,N-Bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-para-toluidine.

[0181] Table 4: Measurements of elongation at break at room temperature (RT, 23°C) and at -20°C (-20) of all prepared compositions, «n / m» means that the sample was so brittle that no measurement was possible,

[0182] The state-of-the-art (meth)acrylate adhesive SikaFast®-5211 (in particular WO 2014 / 184256 A1) was tested in an identical manner and achieved the following results:

[0183] The results in Table 4 show that only the two-component (meth)acrylate adhesives with the specified conditions regarding monomers A and B lead to sufficient elasticity at room temperature and, at the same time, sufficient low-temperature elasticity to be suitable as the first bonding agent according to the invention. The two-component (meth)acrylate adhesives according to the invention also exhibit significantly improved elastic properties at low temperatures than the prior art (meth)acrylate adhesive SikaFast®-5211.

Claims

Composite element (10), in particular a composite element (10) for an insulating glass pane, comprising at least a first pane element (20) and at least one second pane element (22) as well as at least one first profile element (30), wherein the profile element (30) has at least one first connecting surface (32) and / or at least one second connecting surface (33), wherein the first and / or the second connecting surface (32, 33) is provided and designed for the application and / or reception of a first connecting means (40),wherein adjacent to the first connecting surface (32) a third connecting surface (34) for applying and / or receiving a second connecting agent (50) is provided and / or adjacent to the second connecting surface (33) a fourth connecting surface (35) for applying and / or receiving a second connecting agent (50) is provided, and wherein the first pane element (20) and the second pane element (22) are connectable or connected by means of the profile element (30) and the first connecting agent (40) and / or the second connecting agent (50), wherein the first connecting agent (40) is a two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive, characterized in that the two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive comprises: a component K1, comprising a) at least one monomer A according to formula (IIIa), where R 1 represents either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group; R 2either represents a linear or branched hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or represents a radical having 4 to 8 carbon atoms which comprises either a phenyl group or an aliphatic 5- or 6-membered ring having at least one ether oxygen in the ring structure; b) at least one monomer B according to formula (IIIb), where R 3 represents either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group; R 4 represents a linear alkyl radical having more than 12 carbon atoms in the chain and preferably at most 20 carbon atoms in the chain; c) preferably between 10% by weight and 20% by weight, based on component K1, of at least one elastomer C of the formula (I), where R represents either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; X represents a polymeric polyol after removal of two OH groups; and Y represents O or NR", where R" represents a hydrocarbon radical or a hydrogen atom, preferably a hydrogen atom; and d) preferably at least one additive selected from the group consisting of core-shell polymer, radical curing activator, radical curing inhibitor, filler, and adhesion promoter; with the proviso that component K1 contains between 25 wt.% and 75 wt.%, preferably between 40 wt.% and 60 wt.%, based on component K1, of the mixture of monomer A and monomer B, and with the proviso that the mass ratio of monomer A to monomer B in component K1 is between 1:1 and 9:1, preferably between 6:4 and 8:2; and a component K2 comprising at least one initiator for radical curing. Composite element (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that R 2represents a hydroxyethyl group or a benzyl group or at least one of the groups (IVa) to (IVc) in formula (IV), (IVa) (IVb) (IVc) where the dashed lines in forms (IV) represent the bond between the oxygen atom and R 2 represent. Composite element (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the elastomer C is a polyurethane (meth)acrylate, in particular preparable from the reaction of at least one diol D, in particular a polyoxypropylene diol, with at least one diisocyanate and a (meth)acrylic acid ester having a hydroxyl group, wherein the diol D reacts with a diisocyanate, in particular isophorone diisocyanate, which is present in stoichiometric excess; and the resulting isocyanate-terminated polyurethane with the (meth)acrylic acid ester having a hydroxyl group, in particular with a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate, preferably with hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) to form the elastomer C of formula (I). Composite element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second connecting agent (50) is and / or comprises at least partially polyisobutylene (PIB). Composite element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and / or the second connecting surface (32, 33) is at least partially formed as a depression, in particular is formed as a depression which is designed such that it is set back relative to the third and / or fourth connecting surface (34, 35), in particular is set back with respect to the bearing surface on the first or second pane element (20, 22). Composite element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profile element (30) has a base body (36) which is box-like in cross-section.Composite element (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the base body (36) is at least partially hollow on the inside or has and / or forms a cavity (37), wherein, for example, the cavity (37) is at least partially permeable and / or perforated and wherein, furthermore, for example, the cavity (37) is at least partially filled with a hygroscopic material. Composite element (10) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that a first web (38) and / or a second web (39) is formed on the base body (36), wherein at least one side wall of the first web (38) at least partially forms the first connecting surface (32) and / or wherein at least one side wall of the second web (39) at least partially forms the second connecting surface (33). Composite element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first pane element (20) and the second pane element (22) are made at least partially of glass, and the profile element (30) is made at least partially of glass-fiber-reinforced material, in particular at least partially of glass-fiber composite material, preferably at least partially of glass-fiber-reinforced plastic. An insulating glass pane (100) with at least one composite element (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9. A window with at least one composite element (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9 and / or with at least one insulating glass pane according to claim 10. A door with at least one composite element (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9 and / or with at least one insulating glass pane according to claim 10.Method for producing a composite element (10), in particular a composite element (10) for an insulating glass pane, wherein at least a first pane element (20) and at least a second pane element (22) as well as at least a first profile element (30) are joined together by adhesive bonding, wherein the profile element (30) has at least a first connecting surface (32) and / or at least a second connecting surface (33), wherein the first and / or the second connecting surface (32, 33) is provided and designed for the application and / or reception of a first connecting means (40), wherein adjacent to the first connecting surface (32) there is a third connecting surface (34) for the application and / or reception of a second connecting means (50) and / or adjacent to the second connecting surface (33) there is a fourth connecting surface (35) for the application and / or reception of a second. Connecting means (50) is provided and wherein the first pane element (20) and the second pane element (22) are connected by means of the profile element (30) and the first connecting means (40) and optionally the second connecting means (50), wherein the composite element (10) has the features according to one of claims 1 to 9. Method for producing an insulating glass pane (100), wherein at least one composite element according to one of claims 1 to 9 or a composite element (10) obtained by the method according to claim 13 is used.

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