Method and planning device for planning a locally selective irradiation of a working region with at least one energy beam, and method and manufacturing device for additively manufacturing components from a powder material

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for planning a locally selective irradiation of a working region (15) with at least one energy beam (11) in order to produce, by means of the at least one energy beam (11), at least one component (3) layer by layer from a plurality of powder material layers of a powder material (5) arranged one after the other at successive times in a sequence of layers in the working region (15), wherein ˗ an irradiation sequence over time of an irradiation of a plurality of irradiation regions (21) with the at least one energy beam (11) is determined for at least one powder material layer on the basis of at least two sequence criteria, wherein ˗ the fact that irradiation regions (21) which have a smaller transverse axis coordinate value along a transverse axis oriented transverse to a predefined protective gas flow direction over the working region (15) are irradiated before irradiation regions (21) which have a larger transverse axis coordinate value along the transverse axis is used as a first sequence criteria, wherein ˗ the fact that irradiation regions (21) which have a larger flow axis coordinate value along a flow axis pointing in the protective gas flow direction are irradiated before irradiation regions (21) which have a smaller flow axis coordinate value along the flow axis is used as a second sequence criteria, wherein ˗ an irradiation plan is obtained for the locally selective irradiation of the working region (15) with the at least one energy beam (11) in the at least one powder material layer.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] Method and planning device for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area with at least one energy beam, as well as method and manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of components from a powder material

[0003] The invention relates to a method and a planning device for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area with at least one energy beam, as well as a method and a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of components from a powder material.

[0004] Locally selective irradiation of a work area with an energy beam to produce at least one component layer by layer from a plurality of powder material layers arranged sequentially in a layer sequence in the work area can be planned in such a way that different irradiation areas within a powder material layer are irradiated one after the other against a predetermined shielding gas flow direction above the work area. In this way, impairment of not yet irradiated irradiation areas by material carried out by the shielding gas flow from irradiated irradiation areas is at least largely avoided.However, a coating device designed to apply a subsequent layer of powder material to the work area typically cannot begin coating until the irradiation of the last irradiated area of ​​the previous layer of powder material has been completed. This hinders further productivity improvements.

[0005] If a plurality of energy beams is used to irradiate the work area, each energy beam can be assigned a respective displacement zone within the work area. It can be provided that irradiation zones located within the same displacement zone are irradiated counter to the predetermined shielding gas flow direction. However, it can happen that energy beams in adjacent displacement zones operate at too small a distance from each other, so that a first irradiation zone currently irradiated by a first energy beam is adversely affected by the processing of a second irradiation zone nearby irradiated by a second energy beam.Adverse effects can arise, in particular, from a smoke or fume plume from the second energy beam that defocuses the first energy beam, or from material ejected from the second irradiation area, for example, through splashes. In principle, this problem can at least be alleviated by introducing waiting times during irradiation with the various energy beams. However, such waiting times result in a significant loss of productivity, with the irradiation of the work area resulting in reduced temporal efficiency.

[0006] The invention is based on the object of providing a method and a planning device for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area with at least one energy beam, as well as a method and a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of components from a powder material, wherein the aforementioned disadvantages are reduced, preferably avoided.

[0007] The object is achieved by providing the present technical teaching, in particular the teaching of the independent claims as well as the embodiments disclosed in the dependent claims and the description.

[0008] The object is achieved in particular by providing a method - in particular a computer-implemented method, hereinafter also referred to as a planning method - for - in particular a computer-implemented method - for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area with at least one energy beam in order to produce at least one component layer by layer from a plurality of powder material layers of a powder material arranged in a layer sequence in the work area in chronological succession, wherein a temporal irradiation sequence of an irradiation of a plurality of irradiation areas with the at least one energy beam for at least one powder material layer is determined on the basis of at least two sequence criteria, wherein a first sequence criterion is used that irradiation areas,which have a smaller transverse axis coordinate value along a transverse axis oriented transversely to a predetermined shielding gas flow direction over the working area, are irradiated before irradiation areas which have a larger transverse axis coordinate value along the transverse axis, wherein a second sequence criterion is used that irradiation areas which have a larger flow axis coordinate value along a flow axis pointing in the shielding gas flow direction are irradiated before irradiation areas,which have a smaller flow axis coordinate value along the flow axis. In particular, this results in an irradiation plan for the locally selective irradiation of the working area with the at least one energy beam in the at least one powder material layer. In particular, the implementation of the first sequence criterion allows for an ordered irradiation of the various irradiation areas transverse to the shielding gas flow direction and thus in particular along an axis along which a coating device is typically displaced in order to arrange a new powder material layer on the working area. This, in turn, advantageously enables an increase in production productivity by selecting the irradiation sequence in such a way that the coating device can already begin applying the new powder material layer.while irradiation areas of the previous powder material layer are still being irradiated.

[0009] In particular, the temporal irradiation sequence is determined based on exactly two sequence criteria, namely - exclusively - the first sequence criterion and the second sequence criterion.

[0010] In one embodiment, the first sequence criterion and the second sequence criterion are weighted. In particular, it is possible for the first sequence criterion to be weighted more heavily than the second sequence criterion, so that the sequence of irradiation of the irradiation areas is determined primarily along the transverse axis and only secondarily against the flow axis. In one embodiment, the sequence criteria are explicitly weighted, in particular by specifying certain weighting factors. In another embodiment, the sequence criteria are implicitly weighted, in particular by specifying decision rules for determining the temporal sequence, from which a corresponding weighting results.

[0011] In particular, the transverse axis extends perpendicular to the flow axis. In particular, the transverse axis and the flow axis span a Cartesian coordinate system in the plane of the work area, whereby hereinafter, without loss of generality, the transverse axis is also referred to as the x-axis and the flow axis is also referred to as the y-axis. Accordingly, transverse axis coordinate values ​​are also referred to as x-coordinate values ​​and flow axis coordinate values ​​are also referred to as y-coordinate values. In particular, the y-coordinate values ​​on the flow axis increase in the shielding gas flow direction. In particular, an irradiation area with a larger y-coordinate value in the shielding gas flow direction is arranged downstream of an irradiation area with a smaller y-coordinate value; conversely, an irradiation area with a smaller y-coordinate value in the shielding gas flow direction is arranged upstream of an irradiation area with a larger y-coordinate value.A first irradiation region, located upstream of a second irradiation region, is first swept over by a specific volume element of the shielding gas flow before the specific volume element reaches the second irradiation region. The second irradiation region, which is swept over by the specific volume element after the first irradiation region, is located downstream of the first irradiation region.

[0012] In one embodiment, an irradiation area is assigned its respective coordinate value at the outermost edge of the irradiation area along the respective coordinate. In particular, the x-coordinate value assigned to an irradiation area for the purpose of determining the irradiation sequence is the smallest x-coordinate value of the irradiation area extending over a surface area in the work area; alternatively or additionally, the y-coordinate value assigned to an irradiation area for the purpose of determining the irradiation sequence is the largest y-coordinate value of the irradiation area.

[0013] Alternatively, in another embodiment, a center of gravity or center point of the irradiation area under consideration can be used for the assignment of the coordinate values.

[0014] In the context of the present technical teaching, an irradiation area is understood, in particular, to be an area or section of the work area in which powder material is intended to be solidified by irradiation with an energy beam. In particular, a plurality of irradiation areas are arranged in the work area, which are, in particular, spaced apart from one another and separated from one another by powder material that is not to be solidified, i.e., in particular, areas that are not to be irradiated. In particular, the various irradiation areas are separate from one another.

[0015] Different irradiation areas of the plurality of irradiation areas can be assigned to different components. Alternatively or additionally, different irradiation areas of the plurality of irradiation areas can be assigned to a common component; the different irradiation areas then form, in particular, islands of the common component on the work area.

[0016] Additive or generative manufacturing or production of a component is understood to mean, in particular, a layer-by-layer build-up of a component from powder material, in particular a powder bed-based method for producing a component in a powder bed, in particular a manufacturing method selected from a group consisting of selective laser sintering, laser metal fusion (LMF), direct metal laser melting (DMLM), laser net shaping manufacturing (LNSM), selective electron beam melting (SEBM), and laser engineered net shaping (LENS). The manufacturing device is accordingly designed, in particular, to carry out at least one of the aforementioned additive or generative manufacturing methods.

[0017] The at least one energy beam is selected, in particular, from a group consisting of an electromagnetic beam, in particular an optical working beam, in particular a laser beam, and a particle beam, in particular an electron beam. The energy beam can be continuous or pulsed, in particular continuous laser radiation or pulsed laser radiation. In one embodiment, all energy beams are laser beams.

[0018] In particular, within the scope of the planning method, a locally selective irradiation of a work area with a plurality of energy beams can be planned in order to produce a component layer by layer from a plurality of powder material layers of a powder material arranged in a layer sequence in the work area in time succession by means of the plurality of energy beams.

[0019] In particular, a temporal sequence for irradiating the plurality of irradiation regions with the at least one energy beam is determined for a plurality of powder material layers. In particular, an irradiation plan for a plurality of powder material layers is thus obtained. In particular, this procedure is carried out for all powder material layers of the plurality of powder material layers. In particular, an irradiation plan is thus obtained for all powder material layers. In particular, the method is carried out iteratively—powder material layer by powder material layer. According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that the transverse axis is aligned along a coating displacement direction of the coating device configured to coat the work area with powder material.In particular, in this way, a temporal overlap can advantageously be created between the coating of the work area with powder material and the irradiation of the work area with the at least one energy beam, wherein in particular the coating device already begins applying the next layer of powder material from a rest position on a first side of the work area, while on a second side opposite the first side along the coating displacement direction, irradiation areas are still being irradiated with the at least one energy beam. This enables particularly high production productivity. In order to coat the work area with powder material, the coating device is displaced from its rest position from the first side to the second side of the work area; in particular, it is subsequently displaced back into the rest position.In particular, the x-coordinate value on the transverse axis increases from the first side, on which the coating device is arranged in its rest position, toward the opposite second side. Thus, irradiation areas assigned lower x-coordinate values ​​are located closer to the rest position of the coating device than irradiation areas assigned higher x-coordinate values.

[0020] According to a further development of the invention, the irradiation areas are successively sorted into the irradiation sequence, wherein at least one test irradiation area with the smallest x-coordinate value is searched for from the irradiation areas not yet sorted into the irradiation sequence, wherein the test irradiation area is sorted into the irradiation sequence if the test irradiation area can be clearly determined and no further irradiation area not yet sorted into the irradiation sequence is located in a first barrier area downstream of the test irradiation area in the direction of the protective gas flow. By searching for the test irradiation area with the smallest x-coordinate value, it is ensured that, in primary respects, the next irradiation area along the transverse axis will also be the next irradiated irradiation area in the irradiation sequence.By means of the cumulatively applied criterion - hereinafter also referred to as the shadow casting criterion - that no further irradiation area which has not yet been sorted into the irradiation sequence may be arranged in the first exclusion zone, the sequence of the irradiation areas is selected in a secondary respect opposite to the shielding gas flow direction and thus in particular an impairment of not yet irradiated areas of the powder material layer by splashes carried away in the shielding gas flow direction is avoided.

[0021] According to a further development of the invention, if the test irradiation area cannot be clearly determined, the irradiation area not yet sorted into the irradiation sequence that has the smallest x-coordinate value and the largest y-coordinate value is determined as the test irradiation area. Therefore, if multiple irradiation areas with identical smallest x-coordinate values ​​are found, so that the assignment of the test irradiation area is ambiguous, the irradiation area that also has the largest y-coordinate value is determined as the test irradiation area from the possible irradiation areas that have the same smallest x-coordinate value. In particular, this instruction implicitly implements irradiation against the shielding gas flow direction as a secondary sequence criterion.

[0022] According to a further development of the invention, if a further irradiation area which has not yet been sorted into the irradiation sequence is arranged in the first barrier area downstream of the test irradiation area in the protective gas flow direction, the test irradiation area is provisionally disregarded as a dormant test irradiation area in the search for test irradiation areas, wherein a further test irradiation area is searched for from the remaining irradiation areas which have not yet been sorted into the irradiation sequence, wherein in particular the dormant test irradiation area is included again in the search for test irradiation areas as soon as a next test irradiation area is sorted into the irradiation sequence.In particular, this procedure can be iterated until a further test irradiation area is found which can be clearly identified and also fulfils the shadow criterion; this further test irradiation area is then sorted into the irradiation sequence as the next test irradiation area, and all test irradiation areas which have been temporarily inactive are temporarily disregarded in the search for test irradiation areas. The irradiation areas are reactivated, i.e. included in the next search for test irradiation areas.

[0023] In particular, in one embodiment of the method, a dormant test irradiation area is marked as non-irradiable, in particular by setting a specific value of a specific variable, for example a flag. Alternatively or additionally, the dormant test irradiation area is temporarily removed from a list of irradiation areas not yet sorted into the irradiation sequence. Both measures can ensure that the dormant test irradiation area is not found again for the time being. Once the next test irradiation area has been found and sorted into the irradiation sequence, the specific value of the specific variable is reset, and / or the dormant test irradiation area is reinserted into the list of irradiation areas not yet sorted into the irradiation sequence.

[0024] According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that the method is carried out for a plurality of energy beams in order to produce the at least one component by means of the plurality of energy beams, wherein each energy beam of the plurality of energy beams is assigned at least one displacement region, in particular one displacement region in each case, in the working region, wherein the displacement regions are arranged next to one another transversely to the predetermined shielding gas flow direction - in particular along the transverse axis - above the working region and extend along the shielding gas flow direction - in particular along the flow axis -, wherein the determination of the temporal irradiation sequence of the irradiation regions respectively arranged in the displacement regions is carried out separately for each of the displacement regions.In particular, this advantageously automatically prevents neighboring energy beams from coming too close to each other. This, in turn, advantageously at least largely avoids, and even completely prevents, mutual interference between irradiation areas irradiated by neighboring energy beams, without requiring the introduction of waiting times. The production of components can thus be carried out very efficiently.

[0025] In particular, the determination of the temporal irradiation sequence for the relocation areas is carried out independently, i.e. the determination of the irradiation sequence in one relocation area does not depend on the determination or the result of the determination of the irradiation sequence in another relocation area.

[0026] In one embodiment, the temporal irradiation sequence for the displacement regions is determined in parallel. In another embodiment, the irradiation regions for the displacement regions are determined sequentially, displacement region by displacement region. In the context of the present technical teaching, a displacement region is understood in particular to mean a region or section of the work area in which an energy beam of the plurality of energy beams assigned to the displacement region can or may be displaced. It is possible that the displacement of the energy beam is technically—in particular in terms of hardware—limited to the assigned displacement region.Alternatively or additionally, the control of a scanner device provided for the displacement of the energy beam can be limited - in particular by software - in such a way that the energy beam can only be displaced within the displacement area assigned to it.

[0027] In particular, the displacement regions are uniquely assigned to the energy beams. In particular, the displacement regions are uniquely assigned to the energy beams, i.e., bijectively. This means, in particular, that each energy beam is assigned exactly one and only one displacement region, while at the same time, each displacement region is assigned exactly one and only one energy beam.

[0028] In particular, the displacement regions are arranged next to one another perpendicular to the predetermined shielding gas flow direction - along the transverse axis - above the working area and each extend along the predetermined shielding gas flow direction, i.e. along the flow axis.

[0029] In particular, a plurality of irradiation areas are arranged in at least two of the plurality of displacement areas. In particular, a plurality of irradiation areas are arranged in each displacement area.

[0030] According to a further development of the invention, separate displacement regions are assigned to the energy beams, such that the energy beams are only displaced within the displacement regions assigned to them. In particular, each energy beam can be displaced exclusively within the displacement region assigned to it and not within a different displacement region assigned to a different energy beam. This advantageously allows for a particularly simple and less computationally intensive implementation of the method.

[0031] In particular, immediately adjacent displacement regions are delimited from one another by an imaginary boundary line. In one embodiment, the imaginary boundary line runs parallel to the predetermined shielding gas flow direction, in particular to the flow axis. In particular, the imaginary boundary line is a boundary line that extends, in particular, parallel to the flow axis.

[0032] According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that the energy beams are assigned to displacement regions that overlap in some areas. In particular, an overlap region arranged between two immediately adjacent displacement regions is defined in that both energy beams assigned to the immediately adjacent displacement regions can be displaced in the overlap region; the overlap region is therefore accessible to both energy beams. This advantageously allows a particularly flexible design of the method and, in particular, a flexible arrangement of the irradiation regions relative to one another, which can, in particular, also be arranged in a nested or staggered manner in the overlap region. This, in turn, allows particularly efficient use of the work area and thus, overall, efficient process control in the manufacture of components.In particular, each displacement area is assigned an imaginary boundary line, wherein the boundary line of a displacement area is arranged within an adjacent displacement area, and wherein boundary lines assigned to two adjacent displacement areas enclose the overlap area between them.

[0033] According to a further development of the invention, the first restricted area is defined on the working area starting from an area position of an irradiation area, wherein irradiation with an energy beam is only enabled for the irradiation area arranged at the area position when either no other irradiation area is arranged in the first restricted area, or when other irradiation areas arranged in the first restricted area have been irradiated. This advantageously prevents material from the irradiation area arranged at the area position, for example splashes, smoke, or soot, from being introduced into an irradiation area arranged in the first restricted area that has not yet been irradiated. This allows particularly high-quality components to be manufactured.

[0034] According to a further development of the invention, a second restricted area is defined on the working area, starting from the energy beam position of a first energy beam, wherein irradiation with a second energy beam is blocked for the second restricted area. This advantageously prevents the first energy beam from operating in a plume of smoke or fumes from the second energy beam, which could negatively influence the first energy beam, in particular by deflecting or defocusing it. In particular, each energy beam is assigned such a second restricted area.

[0035] In particular, the second blocking region is shifted along the working area with a shift of the first energy beam. The second blocking region therefore moves across the working area, particularly with the first energy beam.

[0036] According to a further development of the invention, the irradiation areas are arranged in the work area, in particular in the relocation areas, before the temporal irradiation sequence is determined, wherein a first temporal irradiation sequence is established, wherein the arrangement of the irradiation areas in the work area is changed based on the determined first irradiation sequence, whereby a changed arrangement of the irradiation areas is obtained. In particular, the irradiation of the work area is optimized in this way - preferably iteratively. In particular, the arrangement of the irradiation areas in the work area is changed - in particular iteratively - in such a way that the total irradiation time is optimized, in particular minimized. In this way, a manufacturing process using the irradiation plan can be designed very efficiently.

[0037] In one embodiment, the energy beams are assigned to region-by-region overlapping displacement regions, and the irradiation regions are arranged in the displacement regions before determining the temporal irradiation sequence. The first temporal irradiation sequence is established, and the arrangement of the irradiation regions in the work area is changed based on the first irradiation sequence, resulting in a modified arrangement of the irradiation regions. Advantageously, in this way, the irradiation regions in the at least one overlap region can be nested or staggered between overlapping displacement regions, thereby allowing very efficient use of the work area.In particular, assuming that each energy beam requires approximately the same amount of time to irradiate the same volume of powder material, the approximate instantaneous position of the energy beams for each point in time of irradiation is known or determinable based on the first irradiation sequence. This allows interference between the energy beams to be avoided—particularly through the introduction of the second exclusion zone for the energy beams—without the need for a hard boundary line between the displacement zones. The more precisely the energy beams can be controlled, or the more precisely their positions are known, the wider the respective overlap zone can be selected.

[0038] According to a further development of the invention, a second temporal irradiation sequence of the irradiation regions is determined for the modified arrangement of the irradiation regions, thereby maintaining the irradiation plan. In particular, the irradiation of the work area is optimized in this way—preferably iteratively. In particular, the second irradiation sequence is determined—especially iteratively—in such a way that the total irradiation time is optimized, in particular minimized. In this way, a manufacturing process utilizing the irradiation plan can be designed very efficiently.

[0039] According to a further development of the invention, a first temporal irradiation sequence is determined, wherein, based on the first irradiation sequence—in particular without changing the arrangement of the irradiation regions—a second irradiation sequence is determined, in particular taking into account at least one restricted area, in particular selected from the first restricted area and the second restricted area, and / or taking into account further parameters or criteria, in particular a utilization of the individual energy beams. In particular, the irradiation of the working area is also optimized in this way—preferably iteratively. In particular, the second irradiation sequence is determined—in particular iteratively—in such a way that the total irradiation time is optimized, in particular minimized. In particular, a manufacturing process using the irradiation plan can also be designed very efficiently in this way.

[0040] In one embodiment, it is provided that the irradiation plan is obtained as a data set for controlling a manufacturing device, in particular a manufacturing device according to the invention described below or a manufacturing device according to one or more of the embodiments described below, for additively manufacturing a component from the powder material. Regardless of whether the method is carried out on a planning device arranged separately from a manufacturing device or on the manufacturing device itself, the irradiation plan is thus obtained in an easily manageable, in particular machine-readable, form. In particular, it is preferably also possible to export the irradiation plan obtained as a data set and to transport it independently of a specific device, for example, embodied on a data carrier or virtually via a network.in particular to transfer. The object is also achieved by creating a method - hereinafter also referred to as a manufacturing method - for the additive manufacturing of at least one component from a powder material, which has the following steps: providing an irradiation plan obtained with the aid of a planning method according to the invention or a planning method according to one or more of the previously described embodiments for the locally selective irradiation of a work area with at least one energy beam in order to produce the component by means of the at least one energy beam layer by layer from a plurality of powder material layers of the powder material arranged in a layer sequence in the work area, and producing the at least one component according to the irradiation plan, in particular by means of the methods described below,manufacturing device according to the invention or a manufacturing device according to one or more of the embodiments described below. In connection with the manufacturing method, the advantages that have already been described in connection with the planning method are particularly evident.

[0041] In one embodiment, the irradiation plan is provided by performing a planning method according to the invention or a planning method according to one or more of the previously described embodiments. Thus, the manufacturing process simultaneously also includes the planning method—particularly in the form of steps preceding the actual manufacturing.

[0042] A laser beam or an electron beam is preferably used as the at least one energy beam.

[0043] Preferably, the component is manufactured by means of selective laser sintering and / or selective laser melting.

[0044] As powder material, a metallic or ceramic powder can preferably be used.

[0045] The invention also includes a first computer program product comprising machine-readable instructions, based on which a planning method according to the invention or a planning method according to one or more of the previously described embodiments is carried out on a computing device when the first computer program product is running on the computing device. In connection with the first computer program product, in particular, those advantages arise that were already described previously in connection with the planning method or the manufacturing method.

[0046] The invention also includes a first data carrier comprising such a first computer program product.

[0047] The invention also includes a second computer program product, comprising machine-readable instructions, based on which a manufacturing method according to the invention or a manufacturing method according to one or more of the previously described embodiments is carried out on a computing device when the second computer program product is running on the computing device. In connection with the second computer program product, in particular, those advantages arise that were already described previously in connection with the planning method or the manufacturing method.

[0048] The invention also includes a second data carrier comprising such a second computer program product.

[0049] The object is also achieved by providing a planning device for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area with at least one energy beam in order to produce at least one component from a powder material arranged in the work area by means of the at least one energy beam. The planning device is configured to carry out a planning method according to the invention or a planning method according to one or more of the previously described embodiments. In connection with the planning device, in particular, those advantages arise that were already described previously in connection with the planning method or the manufacturing method.

[0050] In particular, the planning device can be configured to plan the locally selective irradiation of the work area with a plurality of energy beams.

[0051] In one embodiment, the planning device is designed as a device selected from a group consisting of a computer, in particular a personal computer (PC), a plug-in card or control card, and an FPGA board. In one embodiment, the planning device is an RTC5 or RTC6 control card from SCANLAB GmbH, in particular in the design currently available on the date determining the priority of the present patent. In particular, the planning device can be provided externally or separately from a production device, wherein the planning device preferably creates a data set, which is then transmitted in a suitable manner, for example by means of a data carrier or via a network, in particular via the Internet, or via another suitable wireless or wired transmission form, to a production device, in particular a control device of a production device.For example, it is possible for the planning device to generate CAM data from CAD data, i.e., in particular, a command sequence, in particular an NC program, for controlling the manufacturing device. This command sequence is then transmitted to the manufacturing device for its control. It is also possible for CAD data of a component to be transferred to the planning device, and for the planning device to generate the command sequence for the manufacturing device from this data. However, the planning device can also be integrated into a manufacturing device. In particular, the planning device can be integrated into the control device of the manufacturing device, or the control device of the manufacturing device can be designed as a planning device, in particular by providing a suitable hardware component and / or by implementing a suitable computer program product, in particular software.For example, it is possible for CAD data of a component to be manufactured to be transferred to the manufacturing device, whereby the manufacturing device itself, in particular the planning device implemented in the control device, generates corresponding CAM data or a command sequence for controlling the manufacturing device from the CAD data. However, it is also possible for the planning device to comprise a plurality of computing devices, wherein it is in particular designed to be physically distributed. Preferably, the planning device then comprises a plurality of interconnected computing devices. In particular, the planning device can be designed as a data cloud or so-called cloud, or the planning device can be part of a data cloud or cloud.In a preferred embodiment, it is also possible for the planning device to comprise, on the one hand, at least one computing device external to the production device and, on the other hand, the production device, in particular the control device of the production device, wherein steps performed by the planning device are then carried out partly on the external computing device and partly on the production device, in particular on the control device. In particular, it is also possible for the planning device not to take over the complete planning of the locally selective irradiation of the work area, but only parts thereof; in particular, it is possible for the planning device to take over only that part of the planning of the locally selective irradiation of the work area that relates to the previously described steps and / or specifications.Other parts of the planning of the locally selective irradiation, however, can be performed in other computing devices, in particular in computing devices external to the manufacturing device, or in the manufacturing device itself, in particular its control device, or even in a data cloud. In particular, it is possible for the planning device to modify, adapt, or correct CAM data generated by another computing device or a command sequence, in particular an NC program.

[0052] The object is also achieved by providing a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of components from a powder material, which manufacturing device has at least one beam generating device, wherein the at least one beam generating device is configured to generate at least one energy beam. Furthermore, the manufacturing device has at least one scanner device configured to locally and selectively irradiate a work area with the at least one energy beam in order to produce at least one component from the powder material arranged in the work area by means of the at least one energy beam. Furthermore, the manufacturing device has a protective gas device configured to generate a protective gas flow with a defined protective gas flow direction over the work area.Finally, the manufacturing device comprises a control device that is operatively connected to the at least one scanner device and configured to control the at least one scanner device. The control device is configured to carry out a manufacturing method according to the invention or a manufacturing method according to one or more of the previously described embodiments. In connection with the manufacturing device, the advantages that were previously described in connection with planning methods or the manufacturing method are particularly advantageous.

[0053] The manufacturing device has, in particular, a coating device which can be displaced across the working area along a coating displacement direction - in particular aligned along the transverse axis, also referred to as the x-axis - in order to coat the working area with powder material.

[0054] In one embodiment, the beam-generating device is configured to generate a plurality of energy beams, and / or the manufacturing device comprises a plurality of beam-generating devices for generating a plurality of energy beams. It is possible for a plurality of scanner devices to be provided for the plurality of energy beams. However, it is also possible for the scanner device to be configured to displace a plurality of energy beams—in particular independently of one another—on the work area. In particular, the scanner device can comprise a plurality of separately controllable scanners, in particular scanner mirrors, for this purpose.

[0055] The scanner device preferably comprises at least one scanner, in particular a galvanometer scanner, piezo scanner, polygon scanner, MEMS scanner, and / or a working head or processing head that can be displaced relative to the work area. The scanner devices proposed here are particularly suitable for displacing the energy beam within the work area between a plurality of irradiation positions.

[0056] A working head or processing head that can be displaced relative to the work area is understood here in particular to mean an integrated component of the manufacturing device that has at least one radiation outlet for at least one energy beam. The integrated component, i.e., the working head, can be displaced as a whole relative to the work area along at least one displacement direction, preferably along two mutually perpendicular displacement directions. Such a working head can, in particular, be designed as a gantry or be guided by a robot. In particular, the working head can be designed as a robot hand of a robot.

[0057] The control device is preferably selected from a group consisting of a computer, in particular a personal computer (PC), a plug-in card or control card, and an FPGA board. In a preferred embodiment, the control device is an RTC5 or RTC6 control card from SCANLAB GmbH, in particular in the version currently available on the date determining the priority of the present patent.

[0058] Preferably, the at least one beam-generating device comprises at least one laser. The at least one energy beam is thus advantageously generated as an intense beam of coherent electromagnetic radiation, in particular coherent light. Irradiation in this respect preferably means exposure.

[0059] The manufacturing device is preferably configured for selective laser sintering. Alternatively or additionally, the manufacturing device is configured for selective laser melting. These configurations of the manufacturing device have proven particularly advantageous. The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:

[0060] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of components from a powder material with an embodiment of a planning device;

[0061] Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a method for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area with at least one energy beam;

[0062] Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a first application of the planning method according to Figure 2 to a work area, and

[0063] Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a second application of the planning method according to Figure 2 to a work area.

[0064] Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a manufacturing device 1 for the additive manufacturing of at least one component 3 from a powder material 5 with an embodiment of a planning device 7.

[0065] The manufacturing device 1 has at least one beam generating device 9, preferably designed as a laser, which is configured to generate at least one energy beam 11, in particular a laser beam, here in particular a plurality of energy beams 11, as well as at least one scanner device 13, which is configured to locally selectively irradiate a work area 15 with the at least one energy beam 11 in order to produce the at least one component 3 from the powder material 5 arranged in the work area 15 by means of the at least one energy beam 11. In particular, the beam generating device 9 generates more than one energy beam 11, or the manufacturing device 1 has more than one beam generating device 9 for generating a plurality of energy beams 11; Figure 1 specifically shows a first beam generating device 9.1 for generating a first energy beam 11.1 and a second beam generating device 9.2 for generating a second energy beam 11.2. The manufacturing device 1 preferably has a separate scanner device 13 for each energy beam 11, namely a first scanner device 13.1 for the first energy beam 11.1 and a second scanner device 13.2 for the second energy beam 11.2. The manufacturing device 1 has a coating device 16 - in particular in the form of a slider - wherein the coating device 16 is displaceable along a coating displacement direction, here in particular along a transverse axis also referred to as the x-axis, over the work area 15 in order to coat the work area 15 with powder material.The manufacturing device 1 also has a protective gas device 17, which is configured to generate a protective gas flow with a defined protective gas flow direction, represented by an arrow P, along a flow axis also referred to as the y-axis above the work area 15. The manufacturing device 1 furthermore has a control device 19, designed in particular as a computing device 8, which is operatively connected to the at least one scanner device 13 and preferably also to the at least one beam generating device 9 and is configured to control the at least one scanner device 13 and, if appropriate, the at least one beam generating device 9. The control device 19 is configured to carry out a method, described in more detail below, for planning the locally selective irradiation of the work area 15 with the energy beams 11, also referred to as the planning method for short.

[0066] In particular, the control device 19 has the planning device 7, which is designed in particular as a further computing device 10 and is configured accordingly to carry out the planning method. Alternatively, it is possible for the control device 19 itself to be designed as the planning device 7. However, in an embodiment not shown here, it is also possible for the planning method to be carried out on a planning device 7 provided separately from the production device 1.

[0067] The control device 19 is preferably also operatively connected to the coating device 16 in a manner not shown here in order to control the coating device 16 for coating the working area 15 with powder material.

[0068] The manufacturing device 1 is particularly configured to build up the at least one component 3 layer by layer from a plurality of powder material layers arranged sequentially in a layer sequence in the work area 15. For this purpose, the work area 15, in particular in the form of a powder bed, is arranged on a build platform which is gradually lowered counter to a vertical direction as the sequential powder material layers are provided in the work area 15. The powder material 5 forming each next powder material layer is conveyed by means of the coating device 16, which is particularly designed as a wiper or slider, from a region of a storage cylinder (not shown here) along the x-axis into the work area 15, where it is distributed and smoothed by the coating device 16 so that the respective current powder material layer is provided.By successively and selectively solidifying the powder material 5 layer by layer of powder material in this way by means of the at least one energy beam 11 in the working area 15, the at least one component 3 is built up layer by layer, that is to say layer by layer.

[0069] Within the scope of a method for manufacturing the at least one component 3 from the powder material 5, an irradiation plan for the locally selective irradiation of the work area 15 with the at least one energy beam 11, obtained using the planning method described below, is provided, and the at least one component 3 is manufactured according to the provided irradiation plan. The irradiation plan is preferably provided by carrying out the planning method—in particular by the planning device 7.

[0070] Within the scope of the planning method, in particular a temporal irradiation sequence of irradiating a plurality of irradiation regions 21 with the at least one energy beam 11 for at least one powder material layer is determined on the basis of at least two sequence criteria, wherein a first sequence criterion is used that irradiation regions 21 which have a smaller x-coordinate value along the x-axis are irradiated before irradiation regions 21 which have a larger x-coordinate value along the x-axis, wherein a second sequence criterion is used that irradiation regions 21 which have a larger y-coordinate value along the y-axis are irradiated before irradiation regions 21 which have a smaller y-coordinate value along the y-axis.

[0071] In particular, a temporal irradiation sequence is determined for a plurality of powder material layers. In particular, an irradiation plan is thus obtained for a plurality of powder material layers. In particular, this procedure is carried out for all powder material layers of the plurality of powder material layers.

[0072] In one embodiment of the planning method, in particular, each energy beam 11 of a plurality of energy beams 11 is assigned a respective displacement region 23 in the working region 15. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated here, a first displacement region 23.1 is assigned to the first energy beam 11.1, and a second displacement region 23.2 is assigned to the second energy beam 11.2. The displacement regions 23.1, 23.2 are arranged transversely, here in particular along the x-axis, next to one another above the working region 15 and extend along the y-axis, being delimited from one another by an imaginary boundary line 25. The imaginary boundary line 25 here is a boundary line that runs parallel to the y-axis.

[0073] In particular, a plurality of first irradiation areas 21.1 are arranged in the first displacement area 23.1, with four first irradiation areas 21.1 being schematically illustrated here, of which only one is identified with the corresponding reference symbol for the sake of clarity. A plurality of second irradiation areas 21.2 are arranged in the second displacement area 23.2, with four second irradiation areas 21.2 also being schematically illustrated here, of which only one is identified with the corresponding reference symbol for the sake of clarity.

[0074] Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a method for planning a locally selective irradiation of the working area 15 with the energy beams 11.

[0075] Identical and functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals in all figures, so that reference is made to the preceding description in each case.

[0076] In particular, the method begins with a first step S1, wherein the planning of the irradiation for a first powder material layer n = 0 of N powder material layers is started.

[0077] In a second step S2, the respectively assigned x-coordinate values ​​are determined for all irradiation areas 21 in the current powder material layer n, wherein in particular for each irradiation area 21 the smallest x-coordinate value or - expressed in other words - the point of an edge of the respective irradiation area 21 arranged furthest to the left on the x-axis according to Figure 1 is used.

[0078] In a third step S3, a sequence status R is set to the value 0 (R = 0) and a shadow casting status S is also set to the value 0 (S = 0) for all irradiation areas 21 in the powder material layer n. The method is then carried out separately, in particular in parallel, for each displacement area 23 (VL), as explained below by way of example for a displacement area 23 in block BL in Figure 2.

[0079] In a fourth step S4, an irradiation area with the smallest x-coordinate value is determined as test irradiation area B from all irradiation areas 21 of the considered displacement area 23 of the current powder material layer n, for which R = 0 AND S = 0 applies.

[0080] In a fifth step S5, it is checked whether the test irradiation area B can be clearly determined. If this is not the case, in a sixth step S6, the irradiation area that has the largest y-coordinate value in addition to the smallest x-coordinate value is determined as the test irradiation area B. Here, too, for each irradiation area 21 considered, the respective largest y-coordinate value or - expressed differently - the point of the edge of the respective irradiation area 21 that is located furthest up on the y-axis according to Figure 1 is used.

[0081] Once the test irradiation area B has been clearly determined—either already from the fifth step S5 or by further determination in the sixth step S6—a seventh step S7 checks whether there is no further irradiation area 21 not yet included in the irradiation sequence in a first restricted area downstream of the test irradiation area B in the direction of the shielding gas flow, i.e., along the y-axis behind the test irradiation area B. This criterion is also referred to as the shadow criterion.

[0082] If the shadow casting criterion is not met, the shadow casting status S is set to 1 (S = 1) in an eighth step S8. This causes the test irradiation area B to be temporarily disregarded as a resting test irradiation area when searching for test irradiation areas. The method then continues in the fourth step S4 with the remaining irradiation areas 21 for which R = 0 AND S = 0 still applies. Steps S4 to S8 can be iterated, in particular, until a test irradiation area B is found for which the shadow casting criterion is met in the seventh step S7.

[0083] If the shadow casting criterion is met for a test irradiation area B in the seventh step S7, this test irradiation area B is assigned the next place in the irradiation sequence in a ninth step S9. Then, in a tenth step S10, the sequence status R is set to the value 1 (R = 1) for the test irradiation area B sorted into the irradiation sequence in the ninth step S9, and the shadow casting status S is reset to the value 0 (S = 0) for all currently idle test irradiation areas, so that the affected irradiation areas 21 are included in the search for test irradiation areas the next time the fourth step S4 is called. As a result, all irradiation areas 21 in the considered relocation area then again have the shadow casting status S = 0.

[0084] In an eleventh step SI1, a check is then performed to determine whether any irradiation areas 21 still exist for which the sequence status R has the value 0, i.e., which have not yet been sorted into the irradiation sequence. If this is the case, the method continues in the fourth step S4. In this way, the irradiation areas 21 are successively sorted into the irradiation sequence. If, however, there are no more irradiation areas 21 for which the sequence status R has the value 0, this means that all irradiation areas 21 of the considered relocation area 23 have been sorted into the irradiation sequence.

[0085] The method then continues in a twelfth step S12. This step checks whether the index value n of the current powder material layer is less than Nl. If this is the case, the index n is incremented in a second step S13, and the method continues in the second step S2 for the next powder material layer. If, however, the index value n = (Nl) in the twelfth step S12, this means that the method has been performed for all N powder material layers, which is why it is terminated in a fourteenth step S14.

[0086] Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of a first application of the planning method according to Figure 2 to the work area 15.

[0087] Figure 3 shows an embodiment in which separate displacement regions 23 are assigned to the energy beams 11 in such a way that the energy beams 11 are displaced exclusively in the displacement regions 23 assigned to them. In particular, the first energy beam 11.1 can be displaced exclusively in the first displacement region 23.1 and not in the second displacement region 23.2. The second energy beam 11.2 can be displaced exclusively in the second displacement region 23.2 and not in the first displacement region 23.1. In particular, the immediately adjacent displacement regions 23.1, 23.2 are delimited from one another by the imaginary boundary line 25. The application of the planning method according to Figure 2 to the irradiation regions 21 shown in Figure 3 readily leads to an irradiation sequence in the first displacement region 23.1 in which a first irradiation region 21.1.1 is irradiated first, then a second first irradiation area 21.1.2, then a third first irradiation area 21.1.3, then a fourth first irradiation area 21.1.4. Accordingly, in the second relocation area 23.2, an irradiation sequence results in which a first second irradiation area 21.2.1 is irradiated first, then a second second irradiation area 21.2.2, then a third second irradiation area 21.2.3, then a fourth second irradiation area 21.2.4.

[0088] Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of a second application of the planning method according to Figure 2 to the work area 15.

[0089] Figure 4 shows an embodiment in which the energy beams 11 are assigned to partially overlapping displacement regions 23. In particular, a displacement region 23.1, 23.2 is arranged between the immediately adjacent displacement regions 23.1, 23.2.

[0090] Overlap area 27 is defined by the fact that both energy beams 11.1, 11.2 can be displaced within the overlap area 27. However, outside the overlap area 27, the displacement of the energy beams 11.1, 11.2 is limited to the respective assigned displacement areas 23.1, 23.2. The first displacement area 23.1 is bounded here by a first imaginary boundary line 25.1—to the right in the figure; the second displacement area 23.2 is bounded by a second imaginary boundary line 25.2—to the left in the figure.

[0091] A first application of the planning method according to Figure 2 to the irradiation areas 21 shown in Figure 4 leads - as shown in a) - initially to a first irradiation sequence for the first displacement area 23.1, in which a first irradiation area 21.1.1 is irradiated first by the first energy beam 11.1, then a second irradiation area 21.1.2, then a third irradiation area 21.1.3; at the same time, a first irradiation sequence results for the second displacement area 23.2, in which a first irradiation area 21.2.1 is irradiated first by the second energy beam 11.2, then a second irradiation area 21.2.2, then a third irradiation area 21.2.3, then a fourth irradiation area 21.2.4, and then a fifth irradiation area 21.2.5.An optimization of the total irradiation time, preferably carried out subsequently on the basis of this first irradiation sequence, in particular taking into account the most even utilization of the energy beams 11, preferably leads to a re-sorting and change of the irradiation sequence, which then results - as shown in b) - in a second irradiation sequence for the first displacement region 23.1, in which a first irradiation region 21.1.1 is first irradiated by the first energy beam 11.1, then a second first irradiation region 21.1.2, then a third first irradiation region 21.1.3, then a fourth first irradiation region 21.1.4; for the second displacement region 23.2, a second irradiation sequence results in which a first second irradiation region 21.2.1 is first irradiated by the second energy beam 11.2, then a second second irradiation region 21.2.2, then a third second irradiation area 21.2.3, then a fourth second irradiation area 21.2.4.

[0092] Alternatively or additionally, the arrangement of the irradiation areas 21 in the work area 15 can be changed based on the first irradiation sequences, resulting in a changed arrangement of the irradiation areas 21. In particular, the second irradiation sequence can be determined for the changed arrangement of the irradiation areas 21.

[0093] Advantageously, particularly due to this optimization, the irradiation areas 21 can be arranged in a nested or staggered manner in the overlap area 27 between the overlapping displacement areas 23, whereby the working area 15 can be used very efficiently.

[0094] It is preferably provided that, starting from an area position of an irradiation area 21, a first restricted area 29 - shown only schematically in a) for the second irradiation area 21.2.2 - is defined on the working area 15, wherein irradiation with an energy beam 11 is only released for the irradiation area 21 arranged at the area position when either no other irradiation area 21 is arranged in the first restricted area 29, or when other irradiation areas 21 arranged in the first restricted area 29 have already been irradiated.

[0095] Preferably, alternatively or additionally, it is provided that, starting from an energy beam position of one of the energy beams 11, a second restricted area (not shown) is defined on the working area 15, wherein irradiation with another energy beam 11 is blocked for the second restricted area. In particular, such a second restricted area is defined for each of the energy beams 11.

[0096] In one embodiment, it can be provided that the irradiation areas 21 are arranged in the working area 15, in particular in the displacement areas 23, before the determination of the temporal sequence of the irradiation, wherein a first temporal irradiation sequence is determined, wherein the arrangement of the irradiation areas 21 in the working area 15 is changed on the basis of the first irradiation sequence, wherein a changed arrangement of the irradiation areas 21 is obtained.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A method for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area (15) with at least one energy beam (11) in order to produce at least one component (3) layer by layer from a plurality of powder material layers of a powder material (5) arranged in a layer sequence in the work area (15) in a temporally successive manner, by means of the at least one energy beam (11), wherein a temporal irradiation sequence of an irradiation of a plurality of irradiation areas (21) with the at least one energy beam (11) for at least one powder material layer is determined based on at least two sequence criteria, wherein a first sequence criterion is used that irradiation areas (21) which have a smaller transverse axis coordinate value along a transverse axis oriented transversely to a predetermined protective gas flow direction over the work area (15) are irradiated before irradiation areas (21).which have a larger transverse axis coordinate value along the transverse axis, wherein a second sequence criterion is used such that irradiation areas (21) which have a larger flow axis coordinate value along a flow axis pointing in the direction of the protective gas flow are irradiated before irradiation areas (21) which have a smaller flow axis coordinate value along the flow axis, wherein an irradiation plan for the locally selective irradiation of the working area (15) with the at least one energy beam (11) in the at least one powder material layer is obtained.

2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the transverse axis is aligned along a coating displacement direction of a coating device (16) configured to coat the working area (15) with powder material (5).

3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the irradiation areas (21) are successively sorted into the irradiation sequence, wherein at least one test irradiation area (B) with the smallest transverse axis coordinate value is sought from the irradiation areas (21) not yet sorted into the irradiation sequence, wherein the test irradiation area (B) is sorted into the irradiation sequence if the test irradiation area (B) can be clearly determined and in a first blocking area (29) in the protective gas flow direction downstream of the test irradiation area (B) no further irradiation area (21) which has not yet been sorted into the irradiation sequence is arranged.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein, if the test irradiation area (B) cannot be clearly determined, that irradiation area (21) of the irradiation areas (21) not yet sorted into the irradiation sequence which has the smallest transverse axis coordinate value and at the same time the largest flow axis coordinate value is determined as the test irradiation area (B).

5. Method according to one of claims 3 or 4, wherein, if in the first barrier region (29) downstream of the test irradiation region (B) in the protective gas flow direction another irradiation region (21) which has not yet been sorted into the irradiation sequence is arranged, the test irradiation region (B) is provisionally disregarded as a resting test irradiation region in the search for test irradiation regions (B), wherein a further test irradiation region (B) is searched for from the remaining irradiation regions (21) which have not yet been sorted into the irradiation sequence, wherein in particular the resting test irradiation region is included again in the search for test irradiation regions (B) as soon as a next test irradiation region (B) is sorted into the irradiation sequence.

6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the method is carried out for a plurality of energy beams (11) in order to produce the at least one component (3) by means of the plurality of energy beams (11), wherein - each energy beam (11) of the plurality of energy beams (11) is assigned at least one displacement region (23) in the working region (15), wherein the displacement regions (23) are arranged next to one another transversely to the predetermined protective gas flow direction above the working region (15) and extend along the protective gas flow direction, wherein the determination of the temporal irradiation sequence for the displacement regions (23) is carried out separately in each case.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein separate displacement regions (23) are assigned to the energy beams (11), such that the energy beams (11) are only displaced in the displacement regions (23) respectively assigned to them, wherein in particular immediately adjacent displacement regions (23) are delimited from one another by an imaginary boundary line (25), wherein the imaginary boundary line (25) runs in particular parallel to the predetermined protective gas flow direction, or wherein displacement regions (23) which overlap in regions are assigned to the energy beams (11), wherein in particular in an overlap region (27) arranged between two immediately adjacent displacement regions (23) both energy beams (11) respectively assigned to the immediately adjacent displacement regions (23) can be displaced.

8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, starting from an area position of an irradiation area (21), a first restricted area (29) is defined on the working area (15), wherein irradiation with an energy beam (11) is only released for the irradiation area (21) arranged at the area position when no other irradiation area (21) is arranged in the first restricted area (29), or when other irradiation areas (21) arranged in the first restricted area (29) are irradiated.

9. Method according to one of claims 6 to 8, wherein, starting from an energy beam position of a first energy beam (11), a second blocking area is defined on the working area (15), wherein irradiation with a second energy beam (11) is blocked for the second blocking area, wherein in particular the second blocking area is displaced with a displacement of the first energy beam (11) on the working area (15).

10. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - before the temporal irradiation sequence is determined, the irradiation areas (21) are arranged in the working area (15), in particular in the displacement areas (23), wherein a first irradiation sequence is determined, wherein the arrangement of the irradiation areas (21) in the working area (15) is changed on the basis of the first irradiation sequence, wherein a changed arrangement of the irradiation areas (21) is obtained.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein a second irradiation sequence is determined for the changed arrangement of the irradiation areas (21), whereby the irradiation plan is obtained.

12. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a first irradiation sequence is determined, wherein a second irradiation sequence is determined on the basis of the first irradiation sequence, in particular taking into account at least one blocking area.

13. A method for the additive manufacturing of at least one component (3) from a powder material (5), comprising the following steps: providing an irradiation plan obtained using a method according to one of claims 1 to 12 for the locally selective irradiation of a work area (15) with at least one energy beam (11) in order to produce the component (3) layer by layer from a plurality of powder material layers of the powder material (5) arranged sequentially in a layer sequence in the work area (15) by means of the at least one energy beam (11), and manufacturing the at least one component (3) according to the irradiation plan.

14. Planning device (7) for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area (15) with at least one energy beam (11) in order to produce at least one component (3) from a powder material (5) arranged in the work area (15) by means of the at least one energy beam (11), wherein the planning device (7) is set up to carry out a method according to one of claims 1 to 12.

15. Manufacturing device (1) for the additive manufacturing of components (3) from a powder material (5), with - at least one beam generating device (9) which is designed to generate at least one energy beam (11), - at least one scanner device (13) which is designed to irradiate a working area (15) locally selectively with the at least one energy beam (11) in order to produce at least one component (3) from the powder material (5) arranged in the working area (15) by means of the at least one energy beam (11), a protective gas device (17) which is designed to generate a protective gas flow with a defined protective gas flow direction over the working area (15), and with a control device (19) which is operatively connected to the at least one scanner device (13) and is configured to control the at least one scanner device (13), wherein the control device (19) is configured to carry out a method according to claim 13.

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